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RESEARCH PAPER
hirsutum L.)
Shoaib Liaqat1*, Rana Imtiaz Ahmed1, Muhammad Rafiq1, Saghir Ahmad1, Abdul
Qayyum2, Makiya Rafiq2, Amna Bibi1, Nadia Hussain1
1
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
Article published on October 17, 2015
Key words: Correlation, Path coefficient, Heritability, Genetic advance, Principal component analysis.
Abstract
Seventy five genotypes of cultivated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were studied for
morphological
characteristics i-e plant height, monopodial branches, sympodial branches, boll weight, seed volume, seed
density, seed index and fiber characters. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and estimates were made for
genetic advance, broad sense heritability and coefficient of variance for the traits. ANOVA revealed highly
significant variability among genotypes for all the characteristics studied. The estimates for heritability were
higher for seed index (0.93) and plant height (0.93). The highest value (6.4) for genetic advance was observed for
sympodial branches whereas lowest value was (0.17) for boll weight. Correlation analysis revealed positive and
significant for most of the parameters. In path coefficient, the number of sympodial branches, boll weight, lint
index and lint weight had maximum direct and positive effect on fiber fineness of seed cotton. Whereas, the
number of monopodial branches, plant height, seed index, seed volume, seed density, staple length, fiber strength
and ginning out turn (G.O.T%) had direct and negative effects on fiber of seed cotton. The principle component
analysis (PCA) revealed significant differences between genotypes and the first four components with Eigen
values greater than 1 contributed 66.68% of the variability among the genotypes. The grouping of genotypes
possessing excelled traits signifies genetic potential of the germplasm for the improvement of seed and fiber
characteristics in cotton crop.
* Corresponding
Liaqat et al.
Page 86
2014).
into
the
base.
cotton improvement
notify
relationship
important genotypes.
and
accessible
genetic
association
of
different
genetically
diverse
but
agronomically
The
present
Department
research
of
Plant
was
conducted
Breeding
and
in
the
Genetics,
(Table 1).
Among
these
biometrical
techniques
principal
analysis
multi
(PCoA),
cluster
analysis
and
Correlation
coefficient
the
determine
always
analysis
decisive
determines
about
results
counted at maturity.
Path
the
r e l a t i o n s h i p a m o n g t r a i t s a n d used to develop
coefficient
analysis
revealed
Liaqat et al.
Page 87
formula:
each trait.
Lint percentage
weight of lint
100 / weight of
seed cotton
Variance analysis
1000.
values, respectively.
Genotype
Khaki 900
Khaki A
Khaki B
Green
Khaki ARRI
B1
B2 Green
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
Arborium yellow diploid
HK-113
FH-207
FH-113
FH-942
FH-941
FH-901
NIBGE-2
Hari-Dost
CIM-496
NIAB-111
CIM-707
V. code
V26
V27
V28
V29
V30
V31
V32
V33
V34
V35
V36
V37
V38
V39
V40
V41
V42
V43
V44
V45
V46
V47
V48
V49
V50
Genotype
CIM-506
BH-160
Marvi
CIM-446
CRIS-134
CRIS-09
GOMAL-93
NIAB-846
Shahbaz
MNH-786
CIM-534
CIM-499
CIM-162
F-280(gl)
Glandles, Rex
LA-566 FG-ne
RA-31-55
ACALA SJ4
Stonviolle-697
UCD-581
Coker-310
Lambright Gln
WT-ARK-10-8
PBG-3
RA 31-42-8
V. code
V51
V52
V53
V54
V55
V56
V57
V58
V59
V60
V61
V62
V63
V64
V65
V66
V67
V68
V69
V70
V71
V72
V73
V74
V75
Genotype
M-64
ACALA-63-69
UA 31-43B
3-508-OP
Queen of Sindh
PD-695
358
Cute-98
PB-899
119-5
D-9
TD-1
RAVI
SNR
C-132
Goa-18
ANBP
FDH-290
FDH-170
S-2008
FDH-313
FDH-306
FDH-228
FDH-300
FDH-786
Liaqat et al.
Page 88
for
significant
(P<0.01)
variability
PLANT CHARACTERS
C.V (%)
G.A
Heritability (%)
Seed index
7.74
5.6
0.93
Boll weight
16.58
0.17
0.37
Lint index
26.48
0.90
0.68
Plant height
15.17
5.4
0.93
Monopodial branches
44.26
2.5
0.79
Sympodial branches
17.94
6.4
0.85
Seed volume
13.79
3.1
0.90
Seed density
18.00
4.2
0.84
GOT %
13.23
4.7
0.72
10
Staple length
12.18
0.69
0.34
11
Fiber strength
14.21
2.48
0.57
12
Fiber fineness
12.44
3.9
0.79
D.f
Seed
Boll
index
weight(g) index
Replication 2
0.55
Genotypes
74
4.53** 0.31
0.33
Error
148 0.30
0.19
Lint
0.26
Plant
Monopodial Sympodial
Seed
Seed
GOT
Fiber
Fiber
Fiber fineness
Height(cm)
branches
volume
density
(%)
length
strength
(g/inch)
(mm)
(g/tex)
500.5**
branches
7.96**
14.57**
2.77**
0.017
6.63** 2.7**
2.0**
0.814
12.64** 5380.6**
16.35**
86.51**
18.81**
0.119
64.2** 12.5**
2.08*
1.98*
0.832
3.34
12.19
1.86
0.019
17.6
12.4
0.409
351.0
17.6
Correlation analysis
between
attributes
were
calculated
and
their
Table 4 represents a
genotypically.
where
as
phenotypically
negative
but
highly
Liaqat et al.
Page 89
Seed index
G
P
Boll weight G
(g)
P
Lint index
G
P
Plant height G
(cm)
P
Monopodial G
Branches
P
Sympodial
G
Branches
P
Seed volume G
(ml)
P
Seed density G
P
G.O.T
G
(%)
P
Staple
G
length
P
(mm)
Fiber
G
strength
P
(g/tex)
Fiber
G
Fineness
P
(g/inch)
Seed Boll
index weight
(g)
Lint
index
Sympodial
branches
Seed
volume
(ml)
Seed
density
(g/ml)
G.O.T
(%)
Staple
length
(mm)
Fiber
strength
(g/tex)
Fiber
Fineness
(g/inch)
1.00
1.00
0.77*
0.64**
-0.66
-0.38**
1.00
1.00
-0.69
-0.64**
0.42*
0.23**
-0.47
-0.38**
1.00
1.00
-0.24
-0.21**
0.11
0.06
-0.19
-0.15*
0.38*
0.33**
0.19*
0.17**
1.00
1.00
0.28*
0.25**
0.19
0.12
0.06
0.06
-0.36
-0.34**
-0.07
-0.07
-0.05
-0.05
1.00
1.00
0.49*
0.46
-0.12
-0.05
0.55*
0.42**
-0.24
-0.20**
-0.07
-0.05
-0.13
-0.09
-0.60
-0.61**
1.00
1.00
0.14*
0.12
-0.58
-0.32**
0.82*
0.78**
0.02
-0.01
0.13*
0.11
0.05*
0.02
-0.13
-0.11
0.25*
0.19**
1.00
1.00
0.59*
0.36**
-0.43
-0.20**
0.15
0.16*
-0.36
-0.21**
-0.35
-0.12
0.09*
-0.02
-0.17
-0.06
0.58*
0.30**
-0.23
-0.02
1.00
1.00
0.38*
0.27**
0.44*
0.16*
-0.22
-0.09
-0.20
-0.16*
-0.26
-0.15*
-0.01
-0.01
0.11*
0.08
0.15
0.09
-0.54
-0.32**
0.06
0.12
-0.43
-0.38**
0.39
0.21**
-0.26
-0.19**
0.69*
0.60**
0.27*
0.22**
0.15*
0.12
-0.38
-0.33**
0.04
0.03
0.08
0.05
-0.14
-0.02
1.00
1.00
-0.13
-0.11
-0.31
-0.18**
1.00
1.00
-0.14
-0.13*
0.12
0.06
0.03
0.04
0.38*
0.32**
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Plant height
(cm)
Monopodial
branches
Seed
density
(g/ml)
0.079
G.O.T
(%)
-0.452
Sympodial Seed
branches volume
(ml)
0.017
0.007
0.255
Staple
length
(mm)
-0.065
Fiber
strength
(g/tex)
-0.016
Fiber
Fineness
(g/inch)
-0.057
Seed index
-0.536
-0.03
0.235
0.127
Boll weight
(g)
Lint index
0.166
0.102
-0.201
-0.011
0.278
-0.014
-0.003
-0.054
-0.067
0.260
0.011
-0.006
-0.415
-0.067
0.303
0.256
-0.312
-0.004
0.006
0.018
0.284
-0.368
-0.004
0.034
Plant height
(cm)
Monopodial
Branches
Sympodial
Branches
Seed volume
(ml)
Seed density
-0.189
-0.003
0.216
0.360
0.027
-0.033
0.001
-0.018
0.151
-0.316 -0.004
0.002
0.372
0.043
-0.145
0.015
0.651
-0.045
-0.012
-0.1.1
-0.124
-0.001 0.009
0.031
0.080
0.12
0.011
0.104
0.253
-0.11
-0.006
-0.021
0.039
0.129
0.012
-0.059 -0.015
0.252
-0.022
-0.031
-0.015
0.069
-0.025 -0.002
0.001
-0.152
-0.020
0.020
-0.023
-0.23
0.009
0.001
0.277
-0.311
0.059
0.008
-0.017
G.O.T
%
Staple
length
(mm)
Fiber
strength
(g/tex)
-0.265
-0.013
0.167
0.105
-0.157
0.008
0.004
-0.167
0.515
-0.115
-0.015
-0.023
-0.07
-0.059
0.250
0.255
0.001
-0.015
-0.001
-0.036
0.133
-0.446 0.006
0.081
-0.32
-0.044
0.047
0.054
-0.235
0.041
-0.003
-0.048
0.300
0.105
-0.010
Monopodial
and
strength
association
significant
branches
showed
association
with
with
GOT
and
negative
-0.027
fiber
fiber
fineness
Liaqat et al.
Page 90
represented
negative
and
highly
significant
Table 6. Principle components (PCs) for 12 characters in 75 genotypes of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L).
Statistical Variables
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
Eigen values
3.3616
2.4111
1.6799
1.2192
Proportion of variance
25.858
18.547
12.922
9.378
25.85
44.40
57.32
66.70
Attributes
Seed index
0.0960
0.7905
0.0779
0.3147
0.4404
0.3464
0.3336
0.6348
Lint index
0.1961
-0.4574
0.7343
0.1963
Plant height(cm)
-0.9386
0.1989
0.0115
-0.4059
MonopodialBranches
-0.8425
0.2239
0.0241
0.3015
Sympodial Branches
0.7170
-0.4201
-0.4106
0.3109
-0.5030
-0.3897
0.1956
0.2167
-0.8341
-0.4251
-0.2651
0.3547
G.O.T (%)
-0.7548
0.0493
0.2445
-0.2415
Staple length(mm)
-0.3800
-0.4452
-0.5403
-0.4831
Fiber strength(g/tex)
0.0213
-0.2234
0.4314
0.5612
Fiber Fineness(g/inch)
0.1352
0.2581
-0.3154
-0.0013
Liaqat et al.
Page 91
in PC 2.
Fig. 1. Scattered diagram of two principal components based on mean values of 75 genotypes of cotton.
Greater the distance between genotypes and base of
from
particular
group
for
future
breeding
References
correlation
and
path
coefficient
analysis
of
Liaqat et al.
Page 92
for
evaluating
(Gossypium
diverse
hirsutum
germplasm
L.)
for
seed
of
cotton
and
fiber
17, 24-26.
Evaluation
of
diverse
germplasm
of
cotton
Journal of Agricultural science and review 4(5), 146Brown-Guedira G, Thompson J, Nelson R and
150.
soybean
introductions
and
North
America
6(4), 712714.
451-459.
Liaqat et al.
Page 93
3799-3805.
Sciences 4, 545-552.
Liaqat et al.
Page 94