Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Louis Katz
Thomas B. Friedman
Adler Communications Laboratories
New Rochelle, New York
Preliminary
When the problem of designing commercial
equipment for UHF satellite transmitter-receivers
arose, it was soon evident that the design of
the equipment was more a function of the system
requirements rather than individual equipment
performance. While it is important that equipment meets the technical standards set up for
broadcast transmitters, it is easily seen that
the satellite must do a job for each installation
that may or may not resemble any other installation. This paper will deal with the filling in
of shadowed areas within the normal station
service area, and will leave to a later date the
problem of extending the service area. There are
then, several things we mutt know in order to
properly design a television satellite system.
Site Selection
After the preliminary information has been
gathered, it is then necessary to analyze this
data so that a site may be picked.
This illustrates the great economies possible in increasing population coverage through
re-radiation of low powered signals over areas of
heavy population density rather than by attempts
to do the same thing by raising power at the main
transmitter. This action results in signal increases over very large sparsely populated areas
in an attempt to improve reception in outlying
or sadowed communities of relatively small area.
67
set down on the diagram for use in physical design of the system equipment.
Euip2ment Desig
Once the overall system requirements are
determined from the site and the system diagram,
it is possible to proceed with the actual eqaipment design.
are
dipoles.
The transmitting antenna will depend someon the area to be covered. Generally
speaking, it should have a narrow vertical beam-
what
100 watts.
68
as
follows:
Photographs of the antenna system and equipment appear at the end of the paper.
Operation
For most economical operation, the satellite
should operate unattended. It is anticipated
that a remote on-off control, and a power output
monitor is all that will be required at the primary station. Housing requirements for the transmitter are extremely modest, consisting of a small
weatherproofed shack large enough to house a
standard relay rack. It should be accessible for
regular inspection and maintenance.
applied to extrapolate field strength measurements, made under such conditions, from 10 to
30 feet.
antenna
to6wer
was then erected so that the rewas aiit 35 feet high, or about
ceiving antenna
were
69
TABLE I
i
Population
Grades of Service and Percentag_eof
So Served.
From Main
From Satellite Transmitter
Per Cent receiving
46%
Principal City
0%
Coverage or better
66%
0%
86%
18%
Conclusion
There are certainly many questions to be
decided, and problems to be solved in the use of
satellite transmitters to complement the service
given to the public by UHF stations. From the
experience gained by the experimental satellites
now in operation, we can judge that they can
provide a public service economically and profitably.
NOTES
*
0 DBW
O DBU
DC M
I WATT
I MICROVOLT
DIRECTIONAL COUPLER
MICROAMMETER
RECEIVEO FIELD
10 MV/M
Fig. 1
80 DBU
70
CITY O
WATERBURY
CONN.
-
-_tU
_Am
fJ&
U_18_ft
or,
Ir
&"
Fig. 2
40
10
20
-10
HO
C9)
r--)
rs. ^ nn 0
nn
no
LI
Fig. 3
[II111111~~11 illl111
f%f%
An
11111I1 1
aon
70
30
20
10
0.5 0_ 2 01 0.05
t~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~I
1I111|1l11111 -i M 0 -d
I I I I I I
60 .A)4
AIM XL1_1_
11111111
ovl I Iv I llIliil
|.9 9 9- |TE.L 9IA, c9ATn r YU1i| 1III!IIIIIIII
L11111 1P
--A
O- .01
\j
--a
Pi
40
60
70)
X 80
Es 90
100
0io
E4
98
WATR-TV
SATELLITE AT
99
95
I,,I,IIHH
i~ GRATDE B
GRADE A
Fig. 4
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
5
WATERBURY, CONN.
99.9 99.8
m PRINCIPI
99.99
0.5
0Q2 01 0.05
0.01
74