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Anatomy&Physiology1Chap7TheMuscularSystemflashcards|Quizlet

Anatomy & Physiology 1 ; Chap 7 - The

Muscular System

65 terms by heidi_dietz

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3TypesofMuscleTissue

SkeletalMuscle,CardiacMuscle,
SmoothMuscle

SkeletalMuscle

striatedandundervoluntarycontrol

SmoothMuscle

nonstriatedandunderinvoluntary
control

CardiacMuscle

striatedandunderinvoluntarycontrol

Tendons

attachmuscletobone

Ligaments

attachbonetobone

Aponeurosis

Broad,flat,sheetofconnectivetissue
thatattachesmusclestoaboneor
anothermuscletosofttissue.

Fascia

denseIrregularConnective:layersof
toughconnectivemembranesthat
surroundmusclefibers,muscle
fasciclesandthewholemuscle

MuscleFiber

MuscleCell

Sacrolemma

incasesmusclefibersinacell
membrane

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Myofibrils

microscopicfibers,denseirregular
connectivetissueinsideamusclecell

Endomysium

Connectivetissuesurroundinga
musclefiber

Fascicles

Bundlesofmusclefiberswrappedin
perimysium

Perimysium

fibrousconnectivetissuethat
surroundsgroupsofmusclefibers
calledfascicles

WholeMuscles

madeisfasciclesboundtogetherby
fasciaepimysium

Sarcomeres

contractileunitswithinmyofibrils,the
smallestcontractileunitofamuscle

ContractileProteins

Actinandmyosin,proteincomponents
ofthesarcomere.

TroponinandTropomyosin

ContractionInhibitingProteinswithin
eachsarcomerethatareattachedto
actin

FunctionoftheSarcoplasmic
Reticulum

storescalcium(Ca+)untilstimulated
byanervefiber.Whencalciumis
releasedittravelsdowntheTtubules
andremovestheinhibitoryeffectof
troponinandtropomyosinthus
allowingactinandmyosintointeract
andcausecontractionofthesacromere

Acetylcholine

theneurotransmittersubstancefor
musclecontractionandisreleasedat
neuromuscularjunctionsdiffuses
acrossthesynapsesandbindstothe
receptorsitesonthesarcolemma.

motorunits

musclefibersthatareinnervatedbya
singlenerve

variousforceofcontraction

sarcomereswithinasinglemuscle
fibercontractatthesometime,
differentfiberswithinamusclebundle
cancontractatdifferenttimes.

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ATP

producesenergyformuscles

3SourcesofATP

MetabolismofCreatinePhosphate
AnaerobicMetabolismAerobic
Metabolism

MetabolismofCreatinePhosphate

formofATPthatoffersshortterm
replacementsystemofenergy

AnaerobicMetabolism

atypeofenergymetabolismknownas
GLYCOLYSISdoesnotrequireoxygen

AerobicMetabolism

atypeofenergymetabolismknownas
cellularrespirationrequiresoxygen

Myoglobin

storesoxygeninmusclecells

Glycogen

storedformofglucoseinmusclecells

Proprioception

thebrainsabilitytoknowwhereour
musclesareandwhattheyaredoing,
withoutourhavingtoconsciouslylook
at.

SkeletalMuscles

functioninpairs

PrimeMover

musclethatcreatesmovements/
Agonist/Doesmostofthework.

Antagonistmuscle

Allowsmovementinoppositedirection
frommuscle

Origin

wheremuscleattachestoamore
stationarybone

Insertion

wheremuscleattachestothemore
movablebone.

synergists

stabilizebodypartsandassistprime
movers,HelpingMuscles

Frontalis

musclesthatraiseseyebrows,wrinkles
forehead

OrbicularisOculi

musclesthatcloseseyelids,usedin
blinking,winking,andsquinting
lowerseyebrows

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Major&MinorZygomaticus

musclesthatraisecornersofmouth
smile

Buccinator

musclesthatcompressescheeks
inwardwhistlingorkissing.

Masseter

musclesthatelevatesmandibleand
closesjawPowerful

Platysma

musclesthatopensmouthlowers
mandible

OrbicularisOris

musclesthatprotrudethelips
whistlingandkissing

DepressorAnguliOris

musclesthatdrawsanglesofmouth
downwardandlaterallywhenopening
mouthusedinfrowning

Sternocleidomastoids

headmusclesthatbilaterallyis
primarymusclethatcausesflexionof
theheadunilateralcontracttocause
rotationoftheheadtotheopposite
side.

Trapezius

musclesthataretheprimemoverfor
theextensionofthehead,alsoelevates
thescapulatoraisetheshoulders

SpleniusCapitisandSpleniusCervicis

musclesthatbilaterallycause
hyperextensionofthehead,and
unilateralrotatetheheadtothesame
side.

PectoralisMajor

thelarge,broadmuscleinthechest
thatflexesandadductsthehumerus
androtatesthehumerusmedially

LatissimusDorsi

thelarge,broadmuscleinthemiddle
andlowerbackthatextendsand
adductsthehumerusandrotatesthe
humerusmedially

Deltoid

alargetriangularmusclecoveringthe
shoulderjointandservingtoabduct
andflexandextendandrotatethearm

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Musclesoftherotatorcuff

"SITS"Supraspinatus,Infraspinatus,
Teresminor,Subscapularis

BrachialisandBicepsBrachii

theprimarymusclesthatcauseflexion
ortheforearmandelbow

AnteriorForearm

musclesthatflexthewrist

PosteriorForearm

musclesthatextendthewrist

RectusAbdominis

straightmusclesoftheabdomenthat
flexesthetrunk

ErectorSpinae

musclethatbilaterallyextendsthe
trunk

InternalandExternalObliques

Musclesoftheribs,Involvedin
Exhalation

GlutealMuscles

Gluteusmaximus,medius,and
minimus,abductthefemur

AdductorGroup

AdductorLongus
AdductorMagnus
Pectineus
Gracilis
AdducttheFemur

Iliopsoas

musclethatFlexestheFemur

GluteusMaximus

aforcefulextensorofthefemur

TibialisAnterior

musclewhichistheprimaryusedfor
Dorsiflexionoffootattheankle

Gastrocenemius&Soleus

causesplantarflexionofthefoot,
Plantarflexionofankle

TibialisPosterior

primemoveroffootinversion

FibularisLongus

muscleprimarilyusedforEversionof
thefoot

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