Paint 201:

Practical Solutions and Problem-Solving

Techniques
www.benjaminmoore.com

Paint 201
Benjamin Moore & Co.
101 Paragon Drive
Montvale, NJ 07645
IDCEC Class-code:XXXXXX
Course Number: CEU-101875
Learning Units: 0.1
Benjamin Moore & Co. is a Registered Provider with IDCEC. This CEU is registered with the Interior Design Continuing Education Council (IDCEC) for continuing education credits. This
credit will be accepted by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID), International Interior Designers Association (IIDA) and Interior Designers of Canada (IDC).
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Slide 2 of 73

2009

Learning Objectives
Classification of paints
Factors affecting curing
Surface preparation and priming techniques
Causes and solutions for common paint problems

Slide 3 of 41

Classifying Paints
Introduction
Paints are classified by
resin type
Oil and latex paints are
the most common paints
Knowledge can prevent
problems

Slide 4 of 41

Classifying Paints
How to Classify Paint
Classified by type of resin
or curing mechanism
Resin contributes to
performance
Curing method influences
drying time

Slide 5 of 41

Classifying Paints
Resin Types
Oils/Alkyds
Latex/Acrylics
Epoxies
Urethanes

Slide 6 of 41

Classifying Paints
Curing Mechanisms
Solvent Evaporation evaporation of solvent allows
paint to dry
Coalescence particles of pigment and binder fuse
together to bind the pigment
Oxidation binder oxidizes as it reacts with the oxygen
in the air
Slide 7 of 41

Classifying Paints
Drying vs. Curing
Drying occurs when
solvent evaporates from
coating
Curing occurs when
coating has reached
optimum hardness

Slide 8 of 41

Classifying Paints
Factors Affecting Curing
Temperature
Air Movement
Relative Humidity
Dew Point

Slide 9 of 41

Classifying Paints
Factors Affecting Curing, Contd
Temperatures affect
viscosity and bonding
Increased air movement
shortens dry time for oils
Increased air movement
can cause latex to crater

Slide 10 of 41

Classifying Paints
Factors Affecting Curing, Contd
High humidity can shift
color in oils
High and low humidity can
affect latex adversely
Dew point can affect
performance of paints

Slide 11 of 41

Surface Preparation and Primers

Introduction
Proper surface
preparation is key
Preparation and priming
can prevent problems
Critical with wood and
metal applications

Slide 12 of 41

Surface Preparation and Primers

Painting Wood
Apply protective coating
to clean, dry surface
Holes and cracks should
be filled
Type of wood will affect
painting process

Slide 13 of 41

Surface Preparation and Primers

Staining Wood
Wood surface should be
clean and dry
Set nail holes below
surface and fill-in
Remove any loose fibers

Slide 14 of 41

Surface Preparation and Primers

Re-Staining Wood
Surface should be stripped
of old finish
Wood bleach system may
be used for even color
Clear finishes require a
minimum of four coats

Slide 15 of 41

Surface Preparation and Primers

Painting Masonry
Consider surface porosity
and pH
Highly porous surfaces
must be filled
Painting hot masonry
will burn the resin

Slide 16 of 41

Surface Preparation and Primers

Painting Metal

Use latex or waterborne

acrylic for galvanized
steel
Shipping coats should be
removed with a solvent
wash

Slide 17 of 41

Finish Coats
Why do People Paint?
Color sets mood, safety
Sheen appearance and
performance
Protection protects
surface from environment

Slide 18 of 41

Finish Coats
Color
Color is the driving factor
when selecting paint
Color affects the body and
mind
Understanding color is
critical

Slide 19 of 41

redredpurple

red

redredorange
orange

purple
bluebluepurple

yellowyelloworange
yellow

blue
bluebluegreen

yellowyellowgreen
green

Finish Coats
Color Schemes
Analogous 3 colors side
by side on color wheel
Monochromatic tints
and shade of 1 hue
Triad 3 colors
equidistant on color wheel

Slide 20 of 41

Finish Coats
Sheen
Flat

Sheen levels vary from flat

to high-gloss

Dull
(Appearance)

Matte
Eggshell

Glossy coatings offer extra

durability

Pearl
Satin
Semi--Gloss
Semi

High gloss shows defects

flat hides imperfections

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High--Gloss
High

Glossy
(Durability)

Finish Coats
Sheen, Contd

Slide 22 of 41

APPEARANCE

DURABILITY

Higher sheens accentuate surface defects,

textures, and imperfections

Higher sheens are generally more durable

due to their higher resin content

Flat hides surface defects and is the most

forgiving sheen

Lower sheens are not as durable but are

easily cleaned

Lower sheens soften the appearance of a

room and makes walls look smooth

Glossy finishes provide a smooth luster and

are excellent for trim, doors, and furniture

Finish Coats
Residential Protection
Coatings provide color and
protection

Dull
(Appearance)

Interior paint provides

washability
Exterior surface paint
provides protection

Slide 23 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Finish Coats
Commercial Protection
Coatings offer chemical
and abuse resistance

Dull
(Appearance)

Important component of
facilities maintenance
Two-component coatings
are often used

Slide 24 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Finish Coats
Specialty Protection
Spray applications
Dull
(Appearance)

Low VOC emission

Splatter resistance
Extreme durability

Slide 25 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Blocking
Two painted surfaces
become stuck together

Dull
(Appearance)

Insufficient drying time or

low quality gloss paint
High-quality latex offers
good blocking resistance
Slide 26 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Yellowing
Oils may yellow due to
continuing oxidation

Dull
(Appearance)

Can also be caused by

exposure to heat sources
Using high-quality latex
will minimize yellowing
Slide 27 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Lapping
Lapping refers to a nonuniform appearance

Dull
(Appearance)

Caused by failure to
maintain a wet-edge
Apply paint back onto the
just painted surface
Slide 28 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Hatbanding
Caused by excessive
cutting-in with a brush

Dull
(Appearance)

May also be caused by

applying wet finish to dry
Important to feather
edges when cutting-in
Slide 29 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Sagging
Refers to downward
dripping of the paint

Dull
(Appearance)

Caused by applying paint

too heavily
Immediately re-roll or
brush out
Slide 30 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Blistering
Excess moisture or poorly
prepared chalked surface

Dull
(Appearance)

Remove with pressurized

water and scrape off
Caulk cracks, holes and
seams
Slide 31 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Chalking
Slight chalking of exterior
paint is normal

Dull
(Appearance)

Can cause peeling

problems
Wash surface with
detergent
Slide 32 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Mildew
High humidity, poor
ventilation, no sunlight

Dull
(Appearance)

Use of low-quality paint

with little mildewcide
Apply one part bleach to
three parts water
Slide 33 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Cracking and Flaking
Occurs over wood with
non-porous flat grain

Dull
(Appearance)

Caused by seasonal
weather fluctuations
Lightly sand and coat with
a primer
Slide 34 of 41

Glossy
(Durability)

Problem Solving
Tanning Staining
Dull
(Appearance)

Tannins can be activated

by paint or stain
Seal with a barrier coat

Glossy
(Durability)

Extreme cases may

require a primer

Slide 35 of 41

Good

Bad

Problem Solving
Surfactant Leaching
Latex paints contain
surfactants

Dull
(Appearance)

Moisture or low
temperatures during
curing
Glossy
(Durability)

Flush area with water

Slide 36 of 41

Problem Solving
Questions to Ask
What product, drying method, surface preparation
Dull
(Appearance)

Where location of surface

When atmospheric conditions
Glossy
(Durability)

How applied with a brush or roller

Slide 37 of 41

Thank You for Attending!

START

www.benjaminmoore.com

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