Wiki Korean Book

Contents
Articles
Korean/Lesson I1 1
Korean/Lesson I2 4
Korean/Lesson I3 8
Korean/Lesson I4 10
Korean/Lesson I5 11
Korean/Lesson I6 12
Korean/Lesson I7 14
Korean/Lesson I9 14
Korean/Lesson I10 15
Korean/Lesson II1 16
Korean/Lesson III2 19
Korean/Essential Pronunciation Rules 24
Korean/Advanced Pronunciation Rules 28
References
Article Sources and Contributors 31
Article Licenses
License 32
Korean/Lesson I1 1
Korean/Lesson I1
[1]
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Learn Korean (Introduction) — Reading and writing •
Conversation
1급: Beginner — 1. Greeting • 2. Forming sentences • 3. Connective forms and negation • 4. Colors / Shopping • 5. Recreation / In a taxi • 6.
Family • 7. Around the house • 8. The workplace / Using the telephone • 9. School • 10. Onomatopoeia
2단계: High beginner • 3단계: Low intermediate • 4단계: High intermediate • 5단계: Low advanced • 6단계: Advanced
Grammar
Korean Conversation, Level I, Lesson 1: Greetings

Welcome to the first conversation lesson for learning Korean. By now you should be familiar with hangeul (the
Korean writing system) and how to form syllables. If you are not yet familiar with hangeul, see Korean/Alphabet. It
is highly recommended that you know these basics before you embark on learning how to make sentences and
commencing dialogue.
In this first section, we will introduce basic Korean sentence structure, basic vocabulary, and greetings in Korean.
시작할까요?
(Shall we start?)
Dialogue
The simple dialogue below is between Korean native 찬호 and Joseph (조세프) from America. Joseph is interested
in Korean culture and language, and was able to meet 찬호 through a program in his school. Here, they meet for the
first time:
찬호: 안녕하십니까, 조세프 씨?
조세프: 네. 안녕하십니까, 찬호 씨?
찬호: 만나서 반갑습니다.
조세프: 저도요. 저는 집에 갑니다.
찬호: 네. 안녕히 가십시오.
조세프: 안녕히 계십시오.
Overview
The conversation began with 찬호 asking this:
찬호: 안녕하십니까, 조세프 씨?
Here, we learn our first bit of Korean. "안녕하십니까?" is a common formal greeting in Korean. It literally means
"Are you at peace?". "씨" is a title which means "Mr". Joseph replied like this:
조세프: 네. 안녕하십니까, 찬호 씨?
"네" means "yes". Then Joseph asked 찬호 the same question. Typically, the response to "안녕하십니까?" is "네",
but it is not necessary to respond that way, as we learn from 찬호's response:
찬호: 만나서 반갑습니다.
"만나서 반갑습니다" means "Nice to meet you." This can also be shortened to "반갑습니다", but since 찬호 and
Joseph have first met, it is best to be as polite as possible. "만나서" means "because we've met".
Korean/Lesson I1 2
조세프: 저도요. 저는 집에 갑니다.

Here, we learn some important things about making a Korean sentence. "저" means "I," and "저도요" means "Me
too". Then Joseph says: "저는 집에 갑니다." This means "I go home." We'll dissect this sentence more in just a
moment. First, let us finish analyzing the conversation:
찬호: 네.안녕히 가십시오.
조세프: 안녕히 계십시오.
Look carefully at how each says "Good bye" to each other. 찬호 says "안녕히 가십시오" while Joseph says
"안녕히 계십시오" Why do their replies differ from each other? Well, Joseph is leaving, while it is assumed that
찬호 is staying. So, 찬호 tells Joseph to "Go in peace" (like spock!) and Joseph tells 찬호 to "Stay in peace." It may
sound funny, but that's how it works in Korea. Remember these two carefully and try not to mix them up!
Grammar: "I go home."

The short sentence 저는 집에 갑니다 ("I go home.") reveals a great deal of usable grammar:
저 는 집 에 갑니다 .
I (topic) house (location) go .
Let's discuss 는, 에, and 갑니다. As mentioned above, 저 means "I". In Korean, "는" marks the primary topic of a
sentence. Joseph is talking primarily about himself, so he says "저는". Note that if the primary topic ends in a
consonant, "는" changes to "은" so it's easier to pronounce. So, if Joseph wanted to talk primarily about his house
(집) instead himself, he would say "집은".
"에" is in a similar class of elements (called "particles"), but it marks the location, such as "to school (학교에), to the
bathroom (화장실에)," and so forth. However, if Joseph wanted to say "to me", he would say "저에게", not "저에."
The difference is that "에" means "to that thing or place" and "에게" (the dative particle) means "to that person."
This is an important distinction to remember, but even if you make a mistake, a Korean will probably still
understand.
Finally, we see the verb, "갑니다." Now, if you were to look up "go" in a Korean dictionary, it would probably say
"가다." This is the verb's unconjugated dictionary or "base" form. "가" is the actual root of the verb, or "Verb Stem"
(VS). When we put the verb into a Korean sentence, it must be conjugated. The standard, polite statement
conjugation in Korean is {VS + ㅂ/습니다}. What does this mean? This means we take the verb stem (가) and add
"ㅂ니다" if the stem ends in a vowel and "습니다" if the verb stem ends in a consonant. In this case, "가" ends in a
vowel, so we slip the ㅂ under it (갑) and add "니다" = "갑니다". If the verb was "먹다 (to eat)" then we would add
"습니다" because the verbstem ends in a consonant (먹). Thus, we have "먹습니다." A special thing to remember
about this is, when conjugated, the verb is actually pronounced "감니다" like there's a ㅁ on the bottom. This is
because of a special pronunciation rule called "nasalization" which we won't discuss here, but keep it in mind.
In order to make a question, the form is {VS + ㅂ/습니까}. An astute student would see something like that in
"안녕하십니까", which is actually a question. So, if 찬호 wanted to ask "Do you go (are you going)?" he would ask
"갑니까?" (Remember pronunciation: "감니까"). Armed with this information, we can now make a statement or a
question with almost any verb.
Korean/Lesson I1 3
Review
Vocabulary: 어휘
• 안녕하십니까? - a formal greeting
• (만나서) 반갑습니다 - "Nice to meet you."
• 안녕히 가십시오 - "Good bye" (to someone who is leaving)
• 안녕히 계십시오 - "Good bye" (to someone who is staying)
• 네 - "yes"
• 아니요 - "no"
• 저 - "I"
• 집 - "house"
• 학교 - "school"
• 가다 - "to go"
• 먹다 - "to eat"
Grammar: 문법
• VS + ㅂ니까 - Question, vs ends in vowel (e.g.: 가 -> 갑니까)
• VS + 습니까 - Question, vs ends in consonant (e.g.: 먹 -> 먹습니까)
• VS + ㅂ니다 - Statement vs ends in vowel (e.g.: 가 -> 갑니다)
• VS + 습니다 - Statement vs ends in consonant (e.g.: 먹 -> 먹습니다)
• N + 은/는 - Topic particle
• N + 에 - Location particle (to that thing/place)
• N + 에게 - Dative particle (to that person)
Practice: 연습
Conjugate the following verbs into statement form (VS + ㅂ/습니다) and question form (VS + ㅂ/습니까?). Click
"▼" to check your answers:
Determine whether the subject marker should be "은" or "는":
Determine whether the particle should be "에" or "에게":
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2단계: High beginner • 3단계: Low intermediate • 4단계: High intermediate • 5단계: Low advanced • 6단계:
Advanced
Grammar
Korean/Lesson I1 4
References
[1] http:/ / en. wikipedia. org/ wiki/ Korean/ Navigation
Korean/Lesson I2
[1]
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Grammar
Introduction
An important part of being able to understand and speak Korean is that one must have a firm understanding of the
grammar used to make coherent sentences. During these first few lessons we shall focus on building a useable
grammar base. In this lesson, we will learn some more useful particles, Present progressive, future tense, and the
requesting form. We will also learn some new grammar, but it will not be the main focus of this lesson.
Conversation
Here we find Joseph meeting 찬호 again.
Dialogue
찬호: 앗! 오래간만 입니다, 조세프!
조세프: 네, 안녕하십니까, 찬호?
찬호: 네. 저는 지금 학교로 가고 있습니다.
조세프: 선생님을 만나겠습니까?
찬호: 아니요, 공부하겠습니다. 조세프는 오늘 숙제를 하겠습니까?
조세프: 네, 저는 집에서 하겠습니다.
찬호: 그래요. 안녕히 가십시요.
조세프: 안녕히 가십시요.
Korean/Lesson I2 5
Conversation review
찬호 begins with another greeting:
찬호: 앗! 오래간만 입니다, 조세프!
"오래간만 입니다" can be translated as: "Long time, no see" in English. At first, it's a hard expression to pronounce,
but a little bit of practice should untie your tongue.
조세프: 네, 안녕하십니까, 찬호?
찬호: 네. 저는 지금 학교로 가고 있습니다.
네. 저는 지금 학교 로 가 고 있습니다
Yes. I (topic) now school (to/towards) go (verb stem) (present progressive)
New vocabulary, new particle, new verb tense. 지금 means “now”. In a later lesson, we will learn many words such
as "later, tomorrow, yesterday, just a second ago, etc". In the next part, 찬호 uses a new particle with a similar
meaning to what we learned before: "N + (으)로". This particle means "to", "toward", or "in the direction of". It can
be interchanged with "에" relatively safely, but "로" with its additional usages, is a little more versatile. If the noun
ends in a consonant then it becomes "으로" (집으로). Simple.
Finally, we have a new verb tense: the present progressive tense. It can also be made into a statement or question by
adding the "VS + ㅂ/습니다" or "VS + ㅂ/습니까" forms. The strange thing about this verb tense is that the
standard "VS + ㅂ/습니다" can mean the same thing! Remember in lesson 1, Joseph said "집에 갑니다". This could
have also been said "집에 가고있습니다" or even "집으로 가고 있습니다." It is your choice. Some combinations
sound more natural to others, but a beginning student doesn't have to be concerned with that. You will eventually get
the feel of what sounds right.
조새프: 선생님을 만나겠습니까?
This might sound funny, but one of the most important things to learn in Korean is not found in this sentence. Where
is the subject? Is it 선생님 (“teacher”)? No, there is no subject. In Korean, if the subject of the next sentence is
understood, it can be omitted. This is often found in colloquial English:
English speaker A: "I'm a little busy."
English speaker B: "Oh, studying today?"
However, in Korean, you can omit the subject more freely than English, and sometimes other elements can also be
omitted, resulting in very short sentences. Well, if 선생님 ("teacher") isn't the subject, what is it? It's the direct
object!
선생님 을
teacher (direct object)
The particle 을 is used to designate the direct object of the sentence, i.e. the thing or person upon which the action is
happening. In most textbooks, this is usually denoted as "을/를" because "을" comes after words ending in a
consonant, and "를" comes after words in a vowel. This particle is omitable, but for the beginner, it's best left in so
nothing gets confused.
Now, based on what we have learned so far, one might guess that the verb stem of the verb in this sentence is
"만나겠다", which is a perfectly logical guess, but wrong. The actual verb stem is "만나다" which means "to meet"
(as you might have gleaned from the previous paragraph). The "겠습니다" or, more correctly "겠다" is the future
tense form. For this form, it is unimportant whether the verb stem ends in a consonant or vowel. Simply add "겠" and
then finish off with "습니다" to speak politely. Easy as 파이, no?
찬호: 아니요, 공부하겠습니다. 조새프는 오늘 숙제를 하겠습니까?
Korean/Lesson I2 6
아니요, 공부하겠습니다. 조새프는 오늘 숙제를 하겠습니까?
No, (I) will study. Joseph today homework (direct object) will do?
(topic)
This sentence may sound a little strange, but it is nonetheless correct. 공부하다 means "to study", 오늘 means
"today" and 숙제 means "homework." 하다 will be explained in more detail later, but for now, it means "to do"
when by itself. Notice the 를 on 숙제? What is he doing? his homework!
조새프: 네, 저는 집에서 하겠습니다.
네, 저는 집 에서 하겠습니다.
Yes, I (topic) home (at) will do.
Finally, we have another particle, 에서, which is translated "from" or "at". In this case, it functions as "at". Notice
"Yes, I will do it at home."
찬호: 그래요.안녕히 가십시요.
조새프: 안녕히 가십시요.
그래요 is a polite way of saying "okay." It also means "Yes that's right."
Korean sentence order

Korean sentences have a different word order from English. Whereas an English sentence typically has a
Subject-Verb-Object word order, a Korean sentence typically has a Subject-Object-Verb word order. For sentences
with only a subject and a verb, Korean and English word order is essentially identical:
Korean: 철수는 먹는다.
subject verb
English: Cholsu eats.
subject verb
If a sentence includes an object, the English and Korean order differs:

English: I am reading a book. English: I(subject) am reading(verb) a book(object)
Korean: 저는 책을 읽고 있습니다. Korean: 저는(subject) 책을(object) 읽고 있습니다(verb).
Korean: 철수는 사과를 먹는다.
subject object verb
English: Cholsu eats the

apple.
subject verb object

Korean/Lesson I2 7
Predicates
A more complete understanding of Korean sentence order requires an understanding of Korean predicates
(서술부어). As in English, complete Korean sentences must have a predicate that contains a conjugated Korean
word (용언). Also as in English, Korean verbs (동사) are conjugated and so can be sentence predicates. However,
with regard to forming sentences, Korean differs from English in two important ways:
1. Korean sentences do not require subjects (주어), just predicates. (That is, a Korean sentence with only a predicate
is grammatically complete.)
2. Korean adjectives (형용사) can be conjugated and used as sentence predicates.
Korean sentences that include subjects, indirect objects, direct objects, and complements often arrange them in this
order:
Korean: Subject (주어) indirect object (간접 목적어) direct object (직접 목적어) complement predicate
(보어) (서술부어)
철수는 나에게 사과를 준다.
English: Cholsu gives me the apple.
Subject predicate indirect object direct object complement
Above is the usual word order in Korean, which is the order most easily understood by native speakers of Korean.
However, excluding the predicate (the verb), the placement of other words is not entirely relevant to the meaning of
the sentence. The following arrangements have the same meaning as the above example:
Korean: 나에게 사과를 철수는 준다.
indirect object direct subject verb

object
to me the apple Cholsu gives
Korean: 철수는 사과를 나에게 준다.
subject direct indirect object verb

object
Cholsu the apple to me gives
Review
Vocabulary: 어휘
• 오래간만 입니다 - Long time, no see!
• 선생님 - Teacher
• 숙제 - Homework
• 만나다 - To meet
• 공부하다 - To study
• 하다 - To do
• 지금 - Now
• 오늘 - Today
Korean/Lesson I2 8
Grammar: 문법
• VS + 겠다 - Future Tense
• VS + 고 있다 - Present Progressive
• N + (으)로 - Toward
• N + 을/를 - Direct Object Marker
• N + 에서 - From, At, Location of Action
Practice: 연습
Conjugate the following verbs with the future and present progressive tenses in polite form:
Add 에서, (으)로, and 을/를 particles to each noun:
When you are ready, continue on to Korean/Lesson I3.
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Korean/Lesson I3
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Grammar
"And" and "And?" "Or" or "Or"?

One thing that varies in korean is that there is a difference between an “and” for a verb and an “and” for a noun. In
this lesson, we will learn these ands, ors, and buts. It just so happens that today 찬호 is introducing his friends to
Joseph, so this is a perfect opportunity to use these forms! (Don't feel overwhelmed, there's only 3 ways to say each!)
찬호: 오늘 저는 조세프에게 친구들을 소개하겠습니다.
조세프: 오케이! 기대합니다!
찬호: 저 친구들은 "연희"와 "가영"입니다.
저세프: 만나서 반갑습니다!
연희와 가영: 반갑습니다.
연희: 조세프는 미국에서 왔고 한국말을 공부하고 있습니까?
Korean/Lesson I3 9
조세프: 네,그래요.
가영: 와우! 고생 많네요! 한식을 좋아합니까?
조세프: 양식이나 한식 둘 다 좋아합니다. 하지만, 한국에서 양식을 먹지 않습니다.
가영: 그렇군요... 학교에 걸어갑니까? 아니면 버스를 탑니까?
찬호: 집에서 버스를 타지 못합니다. 걸어가거나 뛰어갑니다. 하하하!
The above example has several new forms in it because of the differentiation between noun "and/or" & verb
"and/or". We'll look at the examples and pick out new vocabulary, and then discuss new grammar separately.
찬호: 오늘 저는 조세프에게 친구들을 소개하겠습니다.
조세프: 오케이! 기대합니다!
소개하다 means "to introduce." It's used really often when talking about friends and people you know, but it can
also be used to refer to something like "introducing information." Following that, 기대하다 means "to await
expectedly or excitedly." This can also be said 기대되다, which sometimes sounds more natural.
찬호: 저 친구들은 "연희"와 "가영"입니다.
Here we meet the noun connective particle 와 (“and”) and its alternative 과, used after vowels. More information can
be learned about this in the following section, but it's use is fairly straight forward.
찬호: 만나서 반갑습니다!
연희와 가영: 반갑습니다.
Nothing new here.
연희: 조세프는 미국에서 오고 한국말을 공부하고 있습니까? 조세프: 네, 그래요.
오다 means “to come” but the connective verb suffix -고 (“and”) is connected to it. 에서 in this case means “from”.
(So keep track! You now know it means “from” or “at”.) Finally, Joseph responds with 그래요 (“that’s right”).
가영: 와! 고생 많네요!
한식을 좋아합니까?
조세프: 양식이나 한식 둘 다 좋아합니다. 하지만, 한국에서는 양식을 먹지 않습니다.
가영 uses a phrase that is often heard in Korea: "고생 많다." This means "you have lots of struggles," but is used
sort of like "must be difficult," a sort of compliment for the listener who might be going through hard times. The
ending on this is "VS+군요" Which is a sort of exclamatory form. This will also be discussed in the next section.
"한식" means "Korean food," a sort of contraction of "한국 음식," and "양식" is "Western food." Can you guess the
contraction for this one?
Joseph links the two with "N+(이)나" which is "or" for nouns. The verb form is "VS+거나" (discussed later, of
course). "둘 다" means "both" Afterwards, Joseph uses the stand alone word "하지만," meaning "however" or "but."
The verb form of this is "VS+지만." It's simplicity doesn't merit any further discussion.
가영: 그렇군요...
학교에 걸어갑니까? 아니면 버스를 탑니까?
찬호: 집에서 버스를 타지 못합니다. 걸어가거나 뛰어갑니다. 하하하!
Korean/Lesson I4 10
Korean/Lesson I4
<<Lesson 3]] | '''Lesson 4''' | [[Korean/Lesson I5|Lesson 5>>
Colors
As well as having two sets of numbers, Korean also uses two sets of colors, one being the native Korean set, the
other being derived from Chinese characters hanja 한자 (漢字).
Native Korean set

Various like dozens of Korean words represent similar colors but express the different impression of colors. The
following Korean words about color are the most neutral and normal words.
Korean colors may be followed by native word, bit 빛 or bitkkal 빛깔, or followed by saek 색 (色) which is derived
from Chinese characters. Each word means color.
Name Adjective Translation Notes
ppalgang 빨강 ppalgan 빨간 red
parang 파랑 paran 파란 blue
borasaek 보라색 purple
chorok(pulbit) 초록(풀빛) pureun 푸른 green The adjectives for blue may be used with green. Pulbit 풀빛 means grass-light.
norang 노랑 noran 노란 yellow
hayang 하양 hayan 하얀, hin white

흰
geomjeong 검정 geomeun 검은 black
• ppal gan ib sool 빨간 입술 red lips

• pa ran ha neul 파란 하늘 blue sky
• pu reun cho won 푸른 초원 green grassland
• no ran byeong a ri 노란 병아리 yellow chick
• hin nun(hin noon) 흰 눈 white snow
• geom eun nun dong ja 검은 눈동자 black pupil
Chinese character set
jeok, hong 적 (赤), 홍 (紅) red
cheong 청 (靑) blue
nok 녹 (綠) green
hwang 황 (黃) yellow
ju hwang 주황 (硃黃) orange
nam 남 (藍) navy
ja ju 자주 (紫硃) purple
hwe 회 (灰) gray
baek 백 (白) white
heuk 흑 (黑) black

Korean/Lesson I4 11
• baek in 백인 (白人) white person

• heuk in 흑인 (黑人) black person
• heuk baek pilleum 흑백필름 (黑白 film) black & white film
• jeok saek s(h)in ho 적색신호 (赤色信號) red light signal
• cheong ba ji 청바지(靑바지) blue jeans
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Grammar
Korean/Lesson I5
Vocabulary
• Taxi 택시
• Hour 시간
• Minute 분
• Won (Korean currency) 원
• Around, About ~ 정도
Conversation
Joie: 강남역까지 가고 싶습니다. / I want to go to Kang-nam station
Taxi driver: 네 강남역까지 가겠습니다. / Yes I will drive to Kang-nam station
Joie: (거리가) 얼마나 걸립니까? / How long does it take?
Taxi driver: 20분 정도 걸립니다. / It takes around 20 minutes
Joie: 얼마입니까? / How much is it?
Taxi driver: 5000원 입니다. / It is 5000 wons
Joie: 감사합니다. / Thank you
• How far is it there? (거리가) 얼마나 멉니까?
• How long does it take? (거리가) 얼마나 걸립니까?
• Turn left 왼쪽으로 돌으십시오.
• Turn right 오른쪽으로 돌으십시오.
• Go straight 직진 하십시오.
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Conversation
Korean/Lesson I5 12
Advanced
Grammar
Korean/Lesson I6
Vocabulary
• 할아버지 Grandfather
• 할아버님 Grandfather (formal)
• 할머니 Grandmother
• 할머님 Grandmother (formal)
• 아버지 Father (formal)
• 아버님 Father (very formal)
• 아빠 Father (informal)
• 어머니 Mother (formal)
• 어머님 Mother (very formal)
• 엄마 Mother (informal)
• 형 Elder brother (of a male)
• 누나 Elder sister (of a male)
• 오빠 Elder brother (of a female)
• 언니 Elder sister (of a female)
• 남동생 Younger brother
• 여동생 Younger sister
• 동생 Younger sibling
• 성함 Name (formal)
• 이름 Name (Informal)
1) 님 words such as 아버님, 어머님 are very formal.
Conversation
Kim: 안녕하세요.
John: 안녕하세요.
Kim: 성함이 어떻게 되세요?
John: John이에요. 저는 선생님에요. 그쪽은 성함이 어떻게 되시나요?
Kim: 김이에요.
John: 만나서 반갑습니다.
Kim: 미국 사람이세요?
John: 네, 미국에서 왔어요.
Kim: 가족은 몇 분이세요?
Korean/Lesson I6 13
John: 다섯 명 있어요. 형과 여동생이 있어요. 형은 의사예요. 여동생은 대학생이에요. 김씨는 형제분이

계시나요?
Kim: 없어요. 저희 다시 뵈요.
John: 안녕히 가세요.
Translation
Kim: Hello.
John: Hello.
Kim: What's your name.
John: I'm John. I'm a teacher. What's your name?
Kim: I'm Kim.
John: Nice to meet you.
Kim: Are you American?
John: Yes, I came from America.
Kim: How many people are in your family?
John: There are 5 people. I have an older brother and a younger sister. My brother is a doctor. My sister is a
University student. Do you have siblings?
Kim: I don't. Let's meet again.
John: Good Bye.
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Conversation
Advanced
Grammar
Korean/Lesson I7 14
Korean/Lesson I7
Vocabulary
• bathroom 화장실(化粧室)
• kitchen 부엌
• bedroom 침실(寢室)
• living room 거실(居室)
• garden 정원(庭園)
• garage 차고(車庫)
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Conversation
Grammar
Korean/Lesson I9
• Kindergarten 유치원 (yu chi won)

• Elementary school 초등학교 (cho deng hak gyo)
• Middle school 중 학 교 (jung hak gyo)
• High school 고등학교 (go deng hak gyo)
• University 대 학 교 (dae hak gyo)
• Graduate School 대 학 원 (dae hak won)
• Major 전 공 (jeon gong)
• Minor 부 전 공 (bu jeon gong)
• Study 공 부 (gong bu)
• Dorm 기 숙 사 (gi suk sa)
• School 학 교 (hak gyo)
• College 대 학 (dae hak)
• Philosophy 철 학 (cheol hak)
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Conversation
Advanced
Grammar
Korean/Lesson I10 15
Korean/Lesson I10
<<Lesson 9 | Lesson 10
Onomatopoeia 의성어 (擬聲語) ui seong eo are words used to imitate sounds.

• 빵 (ppang) - Bang!
• 아야 (a-ya) - Ouch!
• 앗 (at) - Oops!
• 음 (eum) - Um...
• 냠냠 (nyam-nyam) - sound made when chewing food
• 쾅 (kwang) - Crashing sound
• 멍멍 (meong-meong) - Dog barking
• 칙칙폭폭 (chik-chik-pok-pok) - train sound
• 꿀꿀 (kkul-kkul) - Pig noise
• 펄럭펄럭 (peol-leok-peol-leok)- flapping of cloth
• 삐약삐약 (ppi-yak-ppi-yak) - chicks chirping
• 야옹 (ya-ong) - meow of cat
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Conversation
Advanced
Grammar
Korean/Lesson II1
[1]
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Conversation — 1단계: Beginner •
2급: High beginner — 1. Sports • 2. Jobs • 3. Downtown • 4. Public transportation • 5. At the hotel • 6. At the library • 7. At the farm • 8. Medical
care • 9. The Weather • 제10과
3단계: Low intermediate • 4단계: High intermediate • 5단계: Low advanced • 6단계: Advanced
Grammar
Vocabulary
• 축구 soccer
• 농구 basketball
• 배구 volleyball
• 야구 baseball
• 테니스(정구) tennis
• 수영 swimming
• 골프 golf
• 스키 skiing
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2급: High beginner — 1. Sports • 2. Jobs • 3. Downtown • 4. Public transportation • 5. At the hotel • 6. At the library • 7. At the farm • 8.
Medical care • 9. The Weather • 제10과
Grammar
Korean/Lesson II2
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Grammar
Vocabulary
• 경찰관 police officer
• 소방수 fire fighter
• 선생 teacher
• 학생 student
• 미술가 artist
• 의사 doctor
• 간호사 nurse
• 이발사 barber
• 회사원 office worker
• 운동 선수 athlete
• 과학자 scientist
• 가수 singer
• 군인 soldier
• 조종사 pilot
• 기사 engineer
• 수리공 mechanic
• 음악가 musician
Korean/Lesson II3
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Grammar
Vocabulary
• Movie theater 극장(劇場)
• DVD room DVD 방
• PC room PC 방
• small restaurant 식당
Conversation
• PC방이 어디에 있어요? Where is the PC room?
• 영화가 언제 시작해요? When does the movie start?
Korean/Lesson II4
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Grammar
• Bus 버스 (beoseu)
• Taxi 택시 (taek shi)
• Train 기차 (gi cha)[This is just train in general. KTX is the new bullet train in Korea and they will know what
you are talking about if you ask for the location of KTX, but remember that KTX is more expensive. You can also
ride the 새마을 for about $10 less or the 무궁화 for half the cost of KTX, but neither are as fast nor as well kept.]
• Subway 지하철 (ji ha cheol)
• Car 차 (Cha)[also the word for tea]
• Station 역 (yeok)[as in subway/train station. For example, Seoul station is 서울역]
• Subway line or route 선 (seon). [For example, if you took the yellow subway route, or the 분당선, there is a stop
at 야탑 where there is an awesome public park and bungee jumping.]
Korean/Lesson II5
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Grammar
호텔 (hoe-tel), Hotel 예약 (ye-yahk) reserve, make a reservation
Dialogue
여기 위키 호텔인가요? 방 있어요?
Korean/Lesson III2
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Conversation — 1단계: Beginner • 2단계: High beginner •
3급: Low intermediate — 1. The human body • 2. Religion • 3. Nature • 4. The universe • 5. Reading a book • 제6과:어느 정도로 나를 사랑해?
• 7. Using computers • 8. At the restaurant • 제9과 • 제10과
4단계: High intermediate • 5단계: Low advanced • 6단계: Advanced
Grammar
Introduction
This section covers the terms related to religion and encourage the student to speak about his/her religious beliefs
using the Korean language. When learning about religion in the Korean language, there are some important factors to
consider. First of all, there are 7 different speech levels in the Korean language accompanied by a set of honorific
forms for each speech level. In the Korean Bible, the translators use the Hasoseoche(하소서체) form for many of the
verses. For daily speech, the reader should use one of the lower speech forms instead.
The second thing that the reader needs to do is be prepared to learn the hanja for many of the words used in the
religious texts. If the reader learns a few hanja every week, that reader will be able to be able to learn the vocabulary
more quickly. The hanja are used in the mixed script Korean Bible, 백팔대참회문, as well as some other Korean
religious texts.
Vocabulary
종교 - Religion
하느님 - God
여호와 - Jehovah (God's name)
하늘 - Heaven
악마 - The Devil(사탄-satan)
지옥 - Hell
성신/성령 - Holy spirit/Holy Ghost
영적인 - spiritual
교회 - Church
성경(聖經) - The Bible
절 - Buddhist Temple
무교 - no religion
불교 - Buddhism
불경 - Buddhist Bible
부처님 - Buddha
교파 - sect
영원히 - eternally
낙원 - paradise
화신 - reincarnation
부활 - resurrection
예수 그리스도 - Jesus Christ
사도 - apostle
기도하다 - to pray
응답 - an answer(spiritual)
믿다 - to believe
이해하다 - to understand
오해 - misunderstanding
헷갈리다 - to be confused(혼란스럽다 too)
경전 - scriptures
성전(聖殿) - Temple
인자(人子) - Son of Man
구원(救援) - salvation
표적(表迹) - miracle
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3급: Low intermediate — 1. The human body • 2. Religion • 3. Nature • 4. The universe • 5. Reading a book • 제6과:어느 정도로 나를
사랑해? • 7. Using computers • 8. At the restaurant • 제9과 • 제10과

Grammar
Korean/Lesson III4
Vocabulary
• the Universe 우주
• astronaut 우주인
• star 별
• constellation 별자리
• sun 태양
• solar system 태양계
• Mercury 수성
• Venus 금성
• Earth 지구
• Mars 화성
• Jupiter 목성
• Saturn 토성
• Uranus 천왕성
• Neptune 해왕성
• Pluto 명왕성
• Comet 혜성
Korean/Lesson III6
<<Lesson 5]] | '''Lesson 6''' | [[Korean/Lesson III7|Lesson 7>>
제6과: 어느 정도로 나를 사랑해?

• 대화
A:영희야 너 철수 얼마만큼 사랑해? B:하늘만큼 땅만큼 A:그렇게 많이? B:그럼 넌 부모님을 얼만큼 사랑하는
데? A:그거야 헤아릴 수 없지
• 어휘
만큼 : as much as 하늘 : sky 땅 : earth, ground 부모 : parent 헤아리다 : consider: weigh(=재다;measure)
• 유용 표현
하늘만큼 땅만큼 : very very much
Korean/Lesson III7
<<Lesson 6 | Lesson 7
제7과: 컴퓨터 사용하기

• 컴퓨터 computer
• 랩탑 컴퓨터 / 노트북컴퓨터 laptop computer/notebook computer
• 모니터 monitor
• 마우스 mouse
• 소프트웨어 software
• 온라인 online
• 인터넷 internet
• 홈피 homepage (slang for 홈페이지)
Korean/Lesson III8
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3급: Low intermediate — 1. The human body • 2. Religion • 3. Nature • 4. The universe • 5. Reading a book • 제6과:어느 정도로 나를 사랑해?
• 7. Using computers • 8. At the restaurant • 제9과 • 제10과
Grammar
제 8과 : At the restaurant
단어
• 밥 rice
• 국 soup
• 김치 kimchi
• 고기 meat
• 단무지 pickled radish
• 된장 doenjang, soybean paste, miso
• 찌개 jjigae, pot stew
• 물 water
• 와인 wine
• 주방장 head cook
• 요리사 cook
• 커피 coffee
• 음료 beverage
• 빵 bread
• 소금 salt
• 설탕 sugar
• 간장 soy sauce
단위
• 밥 한 공기 a bowl of rice
• 커피 한 잔 a cup of coffee
문장
• 주문하시겠습니까? May I take your order?

• 물은 셀프 taking water is self-service
• 얼마입니까? How much is this/are these
• 오늘의 추천 메뉴 Today's recommeded menu
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3급: Low intermediate — 1. The human body • 2. Religion • 3. Nature • 4. The universe • 5. Reading a book • 제6과:어느 정도로 나를
사랑해? • 7. Using computers • 8. At the restaurant • 제9과 • 제10과
Grammar
Korean/Essential Pronunciation Rules

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Learn Korean (Introduction)
Reading and writing — Course • Principles of Orthography • Essential Pronunciation Rules • Advanced Pronunciation Rules
Conversation — 1단계: Beginner • 2단계: High beginner • 3단계: Low intermediate • 4단계: High intermediate • 5단계: Low advanced • 6단계:
Advanced
Grammar
Introduction
Note: If you are not aware of the general interpretations of the Korean alphabet, please first read Alphabet before
continuing.
This page uses the International Phonetic Alphabet to transcribe pronunciation. All text within square brackets
[skwɛər ˈbrækət̩s] uses that system. See the Wikipedia entry on IPA for more information.
The few essential pronunciation rules and exceptions in this lesson will improve your accuracy in speaking and
interpreting Korean.
Plain, aspirated, and tense

In English, certain pairs of consonants, like p/b, t/d, s/z, and k/g, have a pronunciation that differs mostly in whether
they are voiced or voiceless. Korean consonants do not have that same distinction, but rather differ according to
whether they are "plain", "aspirated", or "tense".
Some consonant jamo are plain, some aspirated, some tense:

Basic Letter (jamo)
예사소리 ㄱ ㄷ ㅂ ㅅㅈ
Romanization g or k d or t b or p s j or ch
Pronunciation [g] or [d] or [b] or [s] [ʥ] or
[k] [t] [p] [ʨ]
Aspirated Letter (jamo)

거센소리 ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅊ
Romanization k t p ch
Pronunciation [kʰ] [tʰ] [pʰ] [ʨʰ]
Tense Letter (jamo)

된소리 ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆㅉ
Romanization gg or kk dd or tt bb or pp ss jj
Pronunciation [k͈] [t͈] [p͈] [s͈] [ʨ͈]
Aspirated consonants (ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, and ㅊ) are pronounced with a burst of air that does not accompany their plain
counterparts. To feel or see the difference between aspirated and unaspirated sounds, put a hand or a lit candle in
front of your mouth and say "tore" ([tʰɔɹ]) and then "store" ([stɔɹ]). You should either feel a puff of air or see a
flicker of the candle flame with "tore" that does not appear with "store". In English, the t should be aspirated in
"tore" and unaspirated in "store". In Korean, the aspirated consonants are like the t in "tore", in that you must expel a
burst of air to say them correctly.
Tense consonants (ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, and ㅉ) are said with a harder, stiffer voice than their plain counterparts. With
these "tense" consonants, the diaphragm, glottis, and tongue are tense. For example, imagine you were to say "duck!"
kind of loudly. The hard d sound in "duck!" is like the sound made by the Korean ㄸ.
ㄹ (rieul)
Proper pronunciation of the Korean letter ㄹ takes some practice for most English speakers. It is pronounced sort of
like a half r and half l sound. Specifically, it is either an alveolar tap or an alveolar lateral approximant, depending on
the following sound. While difficult at first, mastery is fairly easy.
Initial, Middle, and Final Consonants

Korean alphabet charts have two tables: initial sounds, and final sounds. The sound of a Korean consonant can
change slightly when it is preceded or followed by another consonant. For example, ㄱ can be pronounced as a
voiced sound (the English g) or voiceless (like the English k). To know how to pronounce such letters, it's important
to know the difference between an initial, a medial, and a final consonant.
Initial Consonant
An initial consonant is any consonant at the beginning of a word. Initial consonants (especially at the beginning of
sentences and phrases) are usually pronounced voiceless. For example the ㅈ in the word 저 ("I") is typically
voiceless, especially as first word of a sentence. That makes it sound more like "ch" than "j" to an English speaker.
The consonants that follow this rule are ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅈ, and ㅂ. Thus, initial ㄱ sounds more like "k" than "g", initial ㄷ
sounds more like "t" than "d", initial ㅈ sounds more like "ch" than "j", and initial ㅂ sounds more like "p" than "b":
Examples:
• 가 ([ka]): initial sound is unvoiced.
• 다 ([ta]): initial sound is unvoiced.
• 바 ([pa]): initial sound is unvoiced.
• 자 ([ʨa], "cha"): initial sound is unvoiced.
Middle Consonants
Consonants that come in the middle of a sentence can follow some complex sound changes, but the two most
important changes are whether the consonant follows another consonant or a vowel. For example, the word 막대기
("stick") has a middle consonant-consonant sequence (ㄱㄷ) and a vowel-consonant sequence (ㅐㄱ). In many cases,
a middle consonant with a preceding consonant becomes slightly more tensified, meaning a "tighter, stronger"
pronunciation. So the ㄷ becomes a slightly harder "d" ([d̬]), but the second ㄱ is pronounced "normally" ([g]). The
same consonants listed in the section above (ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅈ, and ㅂ) are also mainly the ones that follow this rule.
Examples:
• 막대기 ([mak̚d̬ɛːgi]): Middle consonant ㄷ follows another consonant, so it is more tense.
• 막대기 ([mak̚d̬ɛːgi]): Middle consonant ㄱ follows another vowel, so it has the standard pronunciation.
Final Consonants
A final consonant is a consonant that either ends a word, or is preceded by another consonant. Examples are found in
밥 ([pap̚], "rice") and 식사 ([ɕik̚sa], "meal"). Notice that ㅂ is the final letter in 밥. This causes its pronunciation to
shorten to an unreleased stop, like the p in the English word "apt" ([æp̚t]). The ㄱ in 식사 also has a similar change.
It's pronounced similar to the c in the English word "act" ([æk̚t]). ㄱ,ㄷ,ㅈ, and ㅂ follow this rule in final position.
Other consonants can sometimes follow more complex rules. Some of them will be discussed here, but many are
very complex and will be discussed in the ../Advanced Pronunciation Rules/ section.
Examples:
• 밥 ([pap̚], bap): Final consonant ㅂ is at the end of the word, so it sounds tensed and abbreviated.
• 식사 ([ɕik̚sa]): Final consonant ㄱ is followed by another consonant, so it sounds tensed and abbreviated.
ㅇ (ieung)
ㅇ (ieung) is a special letter in Korean, because sometimes it makes a sound and sometimes it doesn't. This is
determined by whether it is in the initial, middle, or final position.
• In initial position, such as in the word 엄마 ([ʌmma], "mother") ㅇ is not pronounced, and the vowel becomes the
initial sound.
• In the middle position, there are two possibilities.
• When ㅇ follows a final consonant, that preceding consonant replaces ㅇ. For example, 한국어 (Hangugeo,
"Korean language") has an ㅇ following the final consonant ㄱ in 국 . That ㄱ is pronounced as if it replaces
the initial ㅇ of the following syllable, thus the word is pronounced as if it were written "한구거" [hangugʌ].
• However, when ㅇ is not preceded by a consonant, such as in the word 아이 ([ai], "child"), it is silent.
• Finally, if ㅇ is in the final position, such as in 강 ([kaŋ], "river") or 영어 ([jʌŋʌ], "English language"), then it is
pronounced [ŋ], similar to the ng in the English word "sing".
Examples:
• 엄마 ([ʌmma]): ㅇ in initial position is not pronounced.
• 한국어 ([hangugʌ]): ㅇ in middle position with preceding consonant is replaced by the consonant (한국어 ->
"한구거").
• 아이 ([ai]): ㅇ in middle position with no preceding consonant is silent.
• 강 ([kaŋ]): ㅇ in final position is similar to ng sound.
Final-initial pairs ㄴㄹ and ㄹㄹ

The final-initial pairs ㄴㄹ and ㄹㄹ each become [ll] (or for some speakers, [ɭl]):
Examples:
• 몰라 ([molla], low form for "don't know")
• 곤란 ([kollan], "troubles, difficulty")
• 원래 ([wʌllɛ], "originally")
Note that the final-initial pair ㄴㄴ does not follow this rule. Each ㄴ in ㄴㄴ retains its natural sound ([n̚n]).
T-stops
There are a few consonants that, when are in final position, are pronounced [t̚] (an unreleased t, like in the English
word "atlas"). These characters are: ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, and ㅌ:
• 맛 ([mat̚], "flavor, taste")
• 꽃 ([g̬ot̚], "flower")
• 끝 ([g̬ɯt̚], "end")
• 돋보기 ([tot̚pogi], "magnifying glass")
• 맞다 ([mat̚da], "to correct")
• 있다 ([it̚da], "to exist")
However, if an ㅇ (ieung) follows a t-stop letter, then the normal sound is simply carried over:
• 맛이 ([maɕi], as if it were spelled "마시")
Exercise
Pronounce the following:
Next steps
If you want to know more about specific pronunciation rules, then you can read more in the ../Advanced
Pronunciation Rules/ section. Otherwise, you are ready to start learning Korean vocabulary and grammar!
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Conversation — 1단계: Beginner • 2단계: High beginner • 3단계: Low intermediate • 4단계: High intermediate •
5단계: Low advanced • 6단계: Advanced
Grammar
Korean/Advanced Pronunciation Rules

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Conversation — 1단계: Beginner • 2단계: High beginner • 3단계: Low intermediate • 4단계: High intermediate • 5단계: Low advanced • 6단계:
Advanced
Grammar
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Medials
• ㅗㅏ becomes ㅘ
• ㅜㅓ becomes ㅝ
Finals
The sounds of some final consonants (받침, batchim) are different from their sounds as initials.
Only seven consonant sounds are found at the end of syllables.
In general, obstruents before nasals are assimilated to nasals, while keeping the same place of articulation as before:
Notice the pattern: 1) ㄱ, ㅋ becomes ㅇ 2) The 't-stops' ㄷ,ㅅ,ㅆ,ㅈ,ㅊ,ㅌ,ㅎ becomes ㄴ 3) ㅂ, ㅍ becomes ㅁ
• ㄱㄴ becomes ㅇㄴ
ex) 격노하다(to be incensed), pronounced [경노]
• ㄱㅁ becomes ㅇㅁ
ex) 국물 (broth), pronounced [궁물]
• ㅋㄴ becomes ㅇㄴ
ex) not common
• ㅋㅁ becomes ㅇㅁ
ex) 부엌문 (kitchen door), pronounced [부엉문]
• ㄷㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
ex) 닫는 (closing, present participle form), pronounced [단는]
• ㄷㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
ex) not common
• ㅅㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
ex) 덧니 (snaggletooth), pronounced [던니]
• ㅆㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
• ㅅㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
ex) 옷맵시 (line of cloth, style), pronounced [온맵씨]

• ㅈㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
ex) 젖니 (baby tooth), pronounced [전니]
• ㅈㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
ex) 낮말, pronounced (난말)
• ㅊㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
not common
ex) 옻나무 (lacquer tree), pronounced [온나무]
• ㅊㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
not common
ex) 옻물 (lacquer sap), pronounced (온물)
• ㅌㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
ex) not common
• ㅌㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
ex) 낱말 (a word), pronounced (난말)
• ㅎㄴ becomes ㄴㄴ
ex) 놓는 (putting down, participle form), pronounced (논는)
• ㅎㅁ becomes ㄴㅁ
ex) not common
• ㅂㄴ becomes ㅁㄴ
ex) 굽는 (roasting, participle form), pronounced (굼는)

ex) 줍는 (picking up, participle form), pronounced (줌는)
• ㅂㅁ becomes ㅁㅁ
ex) 업무 (duties), pronounced (엄무)
• ㅍㄴ becomes ㅁㄴ
ex) 엎는 (flipping, participle form), pronounced (엄는)

ex) 덮는 (covering, participle form), pronounced (덤는)
• ㅍㅁ becomes ㅁㅁ
ex) not common
Some combinations involve aspiration:

• ㄱㅎ becomes ㅋ
ex) 북한 (North Korea), pronounced (부칸)

ex) 익숙한 (familiar), pronounced (익쑤칸)
ex) 착한 (good-natured), pronounced (차칸)
ex) 악한 (evil), pronounced (아칸)
• ㅎㄱ becomes ㅋ
• ㅎㄷ becomes ㅌ
• ㄷㅎ becomes ㅌ
• ㅂㅎ becomes ㅍ
• ㅎㅂ becomes ㅍ
• ㅈㅎ becomes ㅊ
• ㅎㅈ becomes ㅊ
• ㅎㅅ becomes ㅆ
• ㄱ ㅅ becomes ㅆ
Some combinations involve palatalization:
• ㄷ이 becomes 지
• ㅌ이 becomes 치
Some involve complex assimilation/alterations:
• ㄱㄹ becomes ㅇㄴ
• ㄴㄹ becomes ㄹㄹ, or sometimes ㄴㄴ
• ㅁㄹ becomes ㅁㄴ
• ㅇㄹ becomes ㅇㄴ
• ㅂㄹ becomes ㅁㄴ
받침 followed by ㅇ: replace ㅇ with 받침 (use second 받침 if there are two). Otherwise, 받침 followed by
consonant:
• ㄱ, ㅋ: like ㄱ
• ㄴ: like ㄴ
• ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ: like ㄷ
• ㄹ: like /l/
• ㅁ: like ㅁ
• ㅂ, ㅍ: like ㅂ
• ㅇ: like /ng/
[panel edit [1]]
Other languages...
Conversation — 1단계: Beginner • 2단계: High beginner • 3단계: Low intermediate • 4단계: High intermediate •
5단계: Low advanced • 6단계: Advanced
Grammar
Article Sources and Contributors 31
Article Sources and Contributors

Korean/ Lesson I1 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1716690 Contributors: Caninrok, DrRom, Drunkasian, Furrykef, Iamgravity, Jguk, Joechin, Kaminix, Nikai, PurpleKiwi,
Rodasmith, 25 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson I2 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1665980 Contributors: Adrignola, Chamdarae, DrRom, Dvvt, INode, Iamgravity, Jguk, Joechin, Jomegat, Only2sea,
Pickle98, Rodasmith, Smimram, Zyphern, 33 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson I3 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1738342 Contributors: Chamdarae, DrRom, Eiku, Iamgravity, Jeunesis, Jguk, Recent Runes, Rodasmith, 15 anonymous
edits
Korean/ Lesson I4 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1514860 Contributors: Jguk, Mkn, Only2sea, WhiteNight7, 12 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson I5 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1628917 Contributors: Jeunesis, Scott Stinson, 5 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson I6 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1514863 Contributors: Barryc, Jeunesis, Jguk, Scott Stinson, 10 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson I7 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1514864 Contributors: Scott Stinson, 4 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson I9 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1514866 Contributors: Jeunesis, Jguk, 8 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson I10 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1514867 Contributors: Ce garcon, Chamdarae, INode, Jguk, Kwj2772, Mkn, 11 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson II1 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1723952 Contributors: Rodasmith, Scott Stinson, 2 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson II2 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1140885 Contributors: Scott Stinson, 1 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson II3 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1140886 Contributors: Scott Stinson, 1 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson II4 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1516183 Contributors: Jguk, 7 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson II5 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1516184 Contributors: Wundermacht, 1 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson III2 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1514868 Contributors: HeidiNam, Scott Stinson, 7 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson III4 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1566822 Contributors: Adrignola, Kwj2772, Scott Stinson, 1 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson III6 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1404151 Contributors: Chamdarae, Eirikr, Jguk, Mkn, 2 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson III7 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1174568 Contributors: Jguk, Mkn, 2 anonymous edits
Korean/ Lesson III8 Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1723975 Contributors: I0374526, 1 anonymous edits
Korean/ Essential Pronunciation Rules Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1696499 Contributors: Adrignola, DrRom, Iamgravity, Rodasmith, SBJohnny, Webaware, 7
anonymous edits
Korean/ Advanced Pronunciation Rules Source: http://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?oldid=1508995 Contributors: Kjoonlee, Rodasmith, Webaware, 8 anonymous edits
Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 32
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Contents

Korean Conversation, Level I, Lesson 1: Greetings

조세프: 저도요. 저는 집에 갑니다.

Grammar: "I go home."

I (topic) house (location) go .

Yes. I (topic) now school (to/towards) go (verb stem) (present progressive)

teacher (direct object)

아니요, 공부하겠습니다. 조새프는 오늘 숙제를 하겠습니까?

Yes, I (topic) home (at) will do.

Korean sentence order

Korean: 철수는 먹는다.

English: Cholsu eats.

If a sentence includes an object, the English and Korean order differs:

Korean: 철수는 사과를 먹는다.

subject object verb

English: Cholsu eats the

subject verb object

철수는 나에게 사과를 준다.

English: Cholsu gives me the apple.

Subject predicate indirect object direct object complement

Korean: 나에게 사과를 철수는 준다.

indirect object direct subject verb

to me the apple Cholsu gives

Korean: 철수는 사과를 나에게 준다.

subject direct indirect object verb

Cholsu the apple to me gives

"And" and "And?" "Or" or "Or"?

Native Korean set

Name Adjective Translation Notes

ppalgang 빨강 ppalgan 빨간 red

parang 파랑 paran 파란 blue

borasaek 보라색 purple

norang 노랑 noran 노란 yellow

hayang 하양 hayan 하얀, hin white

geomjeong 검정 geomeun 검은 black

• ppal gan ib sool 빨간 입술 red lips

Chinese character set

jeok, hong 적 (赤), 홍 (紅) red

cheong 청 (靑) blue

nok 녹 (綠) green

hwang 황 (黃) yellow

ju hwang 주황 (硃黃) orange

nam 남 (藍) navy

hwe 회 (灰) gray

baek 백 (白) white

heuk 흑 (黑) black

• baek in 백인 (白人) white person

John: 다섯 명 있어요. 형과 여동생이 있어요. 형은 의사예요. 여동생은 대학생이에요. 김씨는 형제분이

• Kindergarten 유치원 (yu chi won)

Onomatopoeia 의성어 (擬聲語) ui seong eo are words used to imitate sounds.

호텔 (hoe-tel), Hotel 예약 (ye-yahk) reserve, make a reservation

4단계: High intermediate • 5단계: Low advanced • 6단계: Advanced

제6과: 어느 정도로 나를 사랑해?

제7과: 컴퓨터 사용하기

• 주문하시겠습니까? May I take your order?

Learn Korean (Introduction) — Reading and writing •

Korean/Essential Pronunciation Rules

Plain, aspirated, and tense

Some consonant jamo are plain, some aspirated, some tense:

Aspirated Letter (jamo)

Tense Letter (jamo)

Initial, Middle, and Final Consonants

Final-initial pairs ㄴㄹ and ㄹㄹ

Korean/Advanced Pronunciation Rules