GAS PIPELINE HYDRAULICS. E. SHASHI MENON. CAPTULO 1.

EJERCICIOS
PROPUESTOS

1. A natural gas mixture consists of three components, C1, C2, and C3. Their
mole fractions and viscosities at a particular temperature are indicated
below:

Componen Mole
Mi Viscosity(i),
t
Fraction Yi
cP
C1
0,900
16 0,0130
C2
0,080
30 0,0112
C3
0,020
44 0,0098
Total
Calculate the viscosity of the gas mixture.

YiMi 1/2

iYiMi 1/2

3,600
0,438
0,133
4,171

0,0468
0,0049
0,0013
0,0530

RTA/ La viscosidad para una mezcla de gases es,

=

( i y i M i )
( yi M i )

Entonces,
=

0,0530 cp
=0,0127 cP
4,171

2. At 100 psig and 75F, a gas has a volume of 800 ft 3. If the volume is kept
constant and the gas temperature increases to 100F, what is the final
pressure of the gas? Keeping the pressure constant at 100 psig, if the
temperature increases to 100F, what is the final volume? Use 14.73 psi for
base pressure.
RTA/
Condiciones iniciales:
P1= 100 psig + 14,73 psi = 114, 73 psia

T1= 75+460= 535 R

Condiciones finales:
T2= 100+460= 560 R

Dado que el volumen es constante, tenemos

P1 T 1
=
P2 T 2
P 2=

Entonces,

114,73 ( psia )560 R

=120,09 psia
535 R

Si la presin se mantiene constante, tenemos:

Condiciones iniciales
V1= 800 ft3
T1= 535R
Condiciones finales
T2= 560R
V1 T1
=
V2 T2

V 2=

800( ft )560 R
3
=837,38(ft )
535 R

3. Calculate the apparent molecular weight of a natural gas mixture that has
89% methane, 8% ethane, 2% propane, and 1% normal butane as shown
below.
RTA/

M GAS= M iY i
i=1

Dnde:
Mi es la masa molar de cada componente
Yi la fraccin molar de cada componente

Componente

%
Molar
89
8
2
1
100

CH4
C2H6
C3H8
C4H10
total

M GAS =18,1

Yi

Mi (lb-m/lb-mol)

0,89
0,08
0,02
0,01
1

16
30
44
58

MiYi (lb-m/lbmol)
14,24
2,40
0,88
0,58
18,1

Lbm
Lbmol

4. Calculate the pseudo-critical temperature and the pseudo-critical pressure

of a natural gas mixture consisting of 89% methane, 8% ethane, and 3%
propane. The critical properties of C1, C2, and C3 components are as
follows:
RTA/
n

i=1

i=1

T pc = Y iT C P pc = Y iPC

Dnde:
Tc y Pc son la temperatura y presin crticas
Tpc, Ppc, la temperatura y presin pseudocriticas

Yi la fraccin molar
Componen
t
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
Total

% Molar

Yi

Tc ( R )

Pc (Psia)

Yi Tc ( R )

89
8
3
100

O,89
0,08
0,03
1

343
550
666

667
708
615

305,27
44,00
19,98
369,25

Yi Pc
(Psia)
593,63
56,64
18,45
668,72

T pc =369,25 R
P pc =668,72 Psia
5. If the temperature of the gas in the previous example is 80F and the
average gas pressure is 1000 psig, what are the pseudo-reduced
temperature and pseudoreduced pressure of this gas? Use 14.7 psia for
base pressure.
RTA/
Sabiendo que para la mezcla de gases tenemos,
P pc =668,72 Psia
T pc =369,25 R
T =80 F=540 R
P=1000 psig+ 14,4 psi a=1014,7 psia
Entonces,
T
540 R
T pr =
=
=1,46
T pc 369,25 R
P pr=

P 1014,7 PSIa
=
=1,52
P pc 668,67 PSIa

6. Calculate the gravity of a natural gas mixture consisting of 84% methane,

10% ethane, and 6% propane. From the gas gravity, calculate the pseudocritical temperature and pseudo-critical pressure for this natural gas mixture.
RTA/
Componente
CH4
C2H6
C3H8
total
G=

%
Molar
84
10
6
100

Yi

Mi (lb-m/lb-mol)

0,84
0,10
0,06
1

16
30
44

MiYi (lb-m/lbmol)
13,44
3
2,64
19,08

M GAS 19,08
=
=0,66
M AIR
29

Tpc=170.491+ 307.344 G=373.34 R

Ppc=709.604 58.718 G=670.85 psia

7. The pseudo-critical temperature and pressure of a natural gas mixture were
calculated as 380R and 675 psia. If the CO2 content is 12% and H2S is
22%, calculate the adjustment factor e and the adjusted values of the
pseudo-critical temperature and pseudo-critical pressure.
RTA/
T pc =380 R
P pc =675 psia
COMPONENTS
CO2
H2S

%
12
22

=120 ( A 0,9 A 1,6 ) +15( B0,5 B 4 )

T pc =T pc

P pc =

P pcT pc
T pc + B(1B)

A= 0,12 + 0,22 = 0,34

B= 0,22
=120 ( 0,340,9 0,341,6 ) +15 ( 0,220,50,224 )=31,1 R
T pc =38031,1=348,9 R

P pc =

675348,9
=611,17 psia
380+0,22 ( 10,22 )31,1

8. Using the Standing-Katz compressibility chart, calculate the

compressibility factor for the gas in Problem 7 at 80F and 1000 psig. Use
the values of Tpc and Ppc calculated in Problem 7.
RTA/
T =80 F=539.6 R T pc =367.38 R
psia P pc=648.9 [ psia ]
||=1000+14.7=1014.7
P
P pr =

P 1014.7 [ psia ]
=
=1.5637
PPc 648.9 [ psia ]

T pr =

T
539.6 R
=
=1.4699
T Pc 367.38 R

9. A natural gas mixture consists of the following components:

Compone
nt
C1
C2
C3
N2
CO2
H2S

Mole
Fraction Yi
0,850
0,004
0,002
0,014
0,010
0,120

(a) Calculate the apparent molecular weight of the gas, gravity, and the
pseudocritical, temperature and pseudo-critical pressure.
(b) Calculate the compressibility factor of the gas at 100F and 1400 psia.
RTA/

Component

Yi

Mi

Tc(R)

Pc(psia)

YiTc (R)

C1
C2
C3
N2
CO2
H2S
Total

0,850
0,004
0,002
0,014
0,010
0,120

12
24
36
28
44
34

343
550
666
227,07
547,54
671,67

667
708
615
491.6
1071
1306

291,55
2,2
1,332
3,179
5,475
80,6
384,336

T pc = Y iT C =384,336 R
i=1

P pc = Y iPC =744,604 psia

i=1

G=

M GAS 15,278
=
=0,527
M AIR
29

(b)
T =100 F=560,67[ R] P=1400 [ psia ]

YiPc
(psia)
566,95
2,832
1,23
6,882
10,71
156
744,604

YiMi
10,2
0,096
0,07
0,392
0,44
4,08
15,278

P pc =744,6[ psia]T pc=384,34 [ R ]

P pr=

P
1400
T
560,67
=
=1,88T pr =
=
=1,459
PPc 744,6
T Pc 384,34
Z =0.81

10. The gravity of a natural gas mixture is 0.62. Calculate the compressibility
factor of this gas at 1400 psig and a temperature of 80F, using the CNGA
method.
T f =540 R
Usando el mtodo de la CNGA

Z=

[(
1+

P avg 344,400 ( 10 )1,78 G

Tf

3,825

)]

1,7850,62

1400344 400(10)
1
=1+
Z
5403,825

Z =0,821

=1,218