Professional Documents
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ConsultantsMinesExploration
560, 3e Avenue, Val-dOr (Qubec) J9P 1S4
Telephone: 819.874-0447
Facsimile: 819.874-0379
Toll-free: 866.749-8140
Email: info@innovexplo.com
Web site: www.innovexplo.com
Prepared by:
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I am a Consulting Engineer of: InnovExplo, 560, 3e Avenue, Val-dOr, Qubec, Canada, J9P
1S4.
I graduated with a Bachelors degree in mining Engineering from cole Polytechnique
(Montral, Qubec) in 1994.
I am a member of the Ordre des Ingnieurs du Qubec (OIQ, no. 112196), the Professional
Engineers of Ontario (PEO no. 100156918), and the Canadian Institute of Mines (145365).
I have worked as an engineer for a total of nineteen (20) years since graduating from
university. My mining expertise was acquired while working for Lafarge Canada and for Placer
Dome and McWatters at the Sigma mine, as well as for Natural Resources Canada on a
special research initiative program on narrow-vein mining. I have been a consulting engineer
for InnovExplo Inc since September 2008.
I have read the definition of qualified person set out in Regulation 43-101 /NI 43-101 and
certify that by reason of my education, affiliation with a professional association (as defined in
Regulation 43-101) and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a
qualified person for the purposes of Regulation 43-101.
I am responsible for supervising the assembling of the report and responsible of Sections 1, 2,
3, 15, 18, 19, 21 (except 21.1.4, 21.1.6 and 21.2.6,), 22, 24, 25, 26, 27 and co-author of
Sections 1,18 and 25 to 27 of the report titled Technical Report and Mineral Resource
Estimate Update for the Lamaque Project (according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form
43-101F1) (the Technical Report), effective date of February 10, 2015 and signature date of
March 27, 2015, prepared for Integra Gold Corp.
I had prior involvement with the property that is the subject of the Technical Report.
I visited the Sigma-Lamaque property on November 26, 2014.
I am not aware of any material fact or material change with respect to the subject matter of the
Technical Report that is not reflected in the Technical Report, the omission to disclose which
makes the Technical Report misleading.
I am independent of the issuer applying all of the tests in Section 1.5 of Regulation 43-101
(National Instrument 43-101).
I have read Regulation 43-101 respecting standards of disclosure for mineral projects and
Form 43-101F1, and the sections of the Technical Report for which I was responsible have
been prepared in accordance with that regulation and form.
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I am a Consulting Engineer of: InnovExplo Inc., 560 3e Avenue, Val-dOr, Qubec, Canada,
J9P 1S4.
I graduated with a Bachelors degree in mining Engineering from cole Polytechnique
(Montral, Qubec) in 1992.
I am a member of the Ordre des Ingnieurs du Qubec (OIQ, no. 109779).
I have worked as an engineer for a total of eighteen (18) years since graduating from
university. My mining expertise was acquired while working for Talpa Mining Contractor,
Richmont Mines at Francoeur and Beaufor mines, Doyon and CasaBerardi mines. I have been
a consulting engineer for InnovExplo Inc. since September 2012.
I have read the definition of qualified person set out in Regulation 43-101/NI43-101 and
certify that by reason of my education, affiliation with a professional association (as defined in
Regulation 43-101) and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a
qualified person for the purposes of Regulation 43-101.
I am responsible for the preparation of Sections 16 and co-author of Sections 1, 18 and 25 to
27 of the report titled Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update for the
Lamaque Project (according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1) (the
Technical Report), effective date of February 10, 2015 and signature date of March 27, 2015,
prepared for Integra Gold Corp.
I had prior involvement with the property that is the subject of the Technical Report.
I did not visited the property for the purpose of this report however, I visited the Lamaque
Project site on July 9, 2013, accompanied by Franois Chabot of Integra Gold and Marie-Claire
Dagenais of InnovExplo.
I am not aware of any material fact or material change with respect to the subject matter of the
Technical Report that is not reflected in the Technical Report, the omission to disclose which
would make the Technical Report misleading.
I am independent of the issuer applying all of the tests in Section 1.5 of Regulation 43-101 or
National Instrument 43-101.
I have read Regulation 43-101 respecting standards of disclosure for mineral projects and
Form 43-101F1, and the sections of the Technical Report, for which I was responsible, have
been prepared in accordance with that regulation and form.
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I am an independent geologist with the consulting firm, GeoPointCom, located at 895 rue
Levis, Val d'Or, Qubec, Canada, J9P 4B8.
I graduated in geology, as a professional geologist, from the University of Qubec in Montral.
I have been practising the profession of geologist on an ongoing basis since May 1985
From 1985 to 1994 the practice of my profession was mainly oriented towards exploration.
From 1994 to 1999 I worked primarily in the field of mining. Since 1999, I have been working
predominantly in the evaluation of resources, reserves and geostatistics.
I am a member of the Order of Geologists of Qubec (#226);
I have read the definition of qualified person set out in Regulation 43-101/NI43-101 and
certify that by reason of my education, affiliation with a professional association (as defined in
Regulation 43-101) and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the requirements to be a
qualified person for the purposes of Regulation 43-101.
I am responsible for the preparation of Section 14.1 to 14.6 and co-author of sections 1, 14 and
25 to 27 of the report titled Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update for the
Lamaque Project (according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1) (the
Technical Report), effective date of February 10, 2015 and signature date of March 27, 2015,
prepared for Integra Gold Corp.
I had prior involvement with the property that is the subject of the Technical Report.
I did not visit the Lamaque property of Integra Gold Corp.
I am not aware of any material fact or material change with respect to the subject matter of the
Technical Report that is not reflected in the Technical Report, the omission to disclose which
would make the Technical Report misleading.
I am independent of the owners of the lands covered by this report within the meaning of
section 1.5 of National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Properties (NI
43-101).
I have read the NI 43-101 and Form 43-101F1, and hereby certify that this report has been
prepared in compliance with NI 43-101 and Form 43-101F1. The report gives a true picture of
the state of scientific and technical knowledge as of February 28, 2014.
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I am the Director of the Environment Department with the Dorval, Quebec, office of Amec
Foster Wheeler Environment & Infrastucture, a division of Amec Foster Wheeler Americas
Limited.
I am a graduate of University du Qubec Montral in 1997 with a degree in Physical
Geography, with a geomorphology specialization, and a Masters degree in Mineral
Engineering, with an hydrogeological specialization from the cole Polytechnique de Montral
in 1999. In addition I have taken specialist training in environmental site assessment and
auditing from University of Sherbrooke in 2001.
I am a certified geologist, registered with the Ordre des Gologues du Qubec (OGQ #787).
My relevant experience for the purpose of the Technical Report is:
Environmental
management and monitoring programs; Environmental auditing; Management of multidisciplinary environmental investigations.
I have read the definition of "qualified person" set out in National Instrument 43 101/Regulation
43-101 (NI43-101) and certify that by reason of my education, affiliation with a professional
association (as defined in NI43-101) and past relevant work experience, I fulfill the
requirements to be a "qualified person" for the purposes of NI43 101/Regulation 43-101.
A team of environmental specialists from Amec Foster Wheeler visited the Lamaque Gold
Project Site on a number of occasions during the spring to fall seasons of 2013 and reported to
the QP for the purpose of the environmental baseline study for the Lamaque South property;
and in the winter and the fall 2014 for the Sigma-Lamaque mining complex which forms the
basis of Item 20 of this report and section of item 18.9 related to the tailings facility.
I am responsible for overall preparation of the section ''Environmental Considerations'' within
Item 20 and 21.1.5 of this PEA report and co-author of sections 1 and 25 to 27, prepared for
Integra Gold Corp., entitled Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update for the
Lamaque Project (according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1) (the
Technical Report), effective date of February 10, 2015 and signature date of March 27, 2015,
prepared for Integra Gold Corp.
I am independent of the Issuer applying the test set out in Section 1.5 of National Instrument
43-101 and Regulation 43-101.
I had prior involvement with the property that is the subject of this PEA report.
I have read National Instrument 43-101 and the Technical Report has been prepared in
compliance with National Instrument 43-101 (Regulation 43-101) and Form 43-101F1.
To the best of my knowledge, information, and belief, the Technical Report contains all
scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the technical report
not misleading.
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I am employed as a Senior Geologist by, and carried out this assignment for, Micon
International Limited, Suite 900, 390 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario M5H 2Y2, tel. (416) 3625135, fax (416) 362-5763, e-mail tilieva@micon-international.com
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I have worked as a geologist in the mining and minerals industry for 22 years;
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I have visited the Sigma-Lamaque Mine, located in the City of Val dOr, Bourlamaque
Township, Province of Quebec, Canada from 8 May to 10 May, 2013.
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As of the date of this certificate to the best of my knowledge, information and belief, the
Technical Report contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be
disclosed to make this report not misleading;
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I am independent of the parties involved in the property for which this report is required, other
than providing consulting services;
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I have read the NI 43-101 Instrument and this Technical Report has been prepared in
compliance with this Instrument.
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I am responsible for the technical parts of sections 4 to 7, 8, 9.1, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 14.7 and coauthor of sections 1, 4 to 7, 9 to 12, 14 and 25 to 27 of this Technical Report.
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I am a Process Engineer with WSP Canada Inc. with a business address at 1600
Ren-Lvesque Blvd W., 16th Floor, Montral, Qubec H3H 1P9.
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This certificate applies to the technical report entitled Technical Report and Mineral Resource
Estimate Update for the Lamaque Project with an effective date of February 10, 2015 and
signature date of March 27, 2015 (the Technical Report).
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I visited the Sigma Mill on October 28, 2014 accompanied by Gabriel Belley of WSP and
Robert Marcoux, employee of Integra Gold.
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I am responsible for Sections 13, 17, 21.1.4 and 21.2.6 and co-author of Sections 1, 21 and 25
to 27.
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I have no prior involvement with the Property that is the subject of the Technical Report.
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I have read the Instrument and the sections of the Technical Report that I am responsible for
have been prepared in compliance with the Instrument.
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As of the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, information, and belief, the
sections of the Technical Report that I am responsible for contain all scientific and technical
information that is required to be disclosed to make the Technical Report not misleading.
Signed and dated this 27th day of February, 2015 in Montreal, Quebec.
(Original signed and sealed)
Marianne Utiger
Process Engineer
WSP Canada Inc.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.
SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 28
2.
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 49
2.1. Terms of Reference and Scope of Work ....................................................................... 49
2.2. Principal Sources of Information ................................................................................... 50
2.3. Qualified Persons and Inspection on the Property ........................................................ 50
2.4. Note Regarding the 2015 Preliminary Economic Assessment ..................................... 52
2.5. Units and Currencies .................................................................................................... 52
3.
RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS ................................................................................. 53
4.
PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION ................................................................ 54
4.1. Location ........................................................................................................................ 54
4.2. Property Description ..................................................................................................... 56
4.2.1.
Land Tenure ....................................................................................................... 56
4.2.2.
Mining Concession Taxes and Mineral Claim Renewal ..................................... 73
4.2.3.
Royalties ............................................................................................................ 73
4.2.3.1. Royalty on the Sigma Property ....................................................................................... 73
4.2.3.2. Royalty and Agreement on the Lamaque Property ......................................................... 73
4.2.4.
Surface Rights and Access Agreements ............................................................ 74
4.2.5.
Environmental and Permitting ............................................................................ 75
4.2.6.
Location of Mineralization .................................................................................. 75
4.2.7.
Micon Comments ............................................................................................... 75
5.
ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND
PHYSIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................ 76
5.1. Accessibility .................................................................................................................. 76
5.2. Climate .......................................................................................................................... 78
5.3. Local Resources ........................................................................................................... 79
5.4. Infrastructure ................................................................................................................. 79
5.5. Physiography ................................................................................................................ 79
6.
HISTORY.......................................................................................................................... 81
6.1. History of the Mines ...................................................................................................... 81
6.1.1.
Lamaque Mine ................................................................................................... 81
6.1.2.
Sigma Mines (Qubec) Limited .......................................................................... 83
6.1.3.
Lamaque and Sigma Mines (Century) ............................................................... 84
6.1.4.
Lamaque South property.................................................................................... 87
6.2. Mine Drilling in the Sigma-Lamaque Project ................................................................. 89
6.2.1.
Historical ............................................................................................................ 89
6.2.2.
Drilling Conducted by Century ........................................................................... 89
6.3. Centurys Production for the Sigma-Lamaque Project .................................................. 91
7.
GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND MINERALIZATION ........................................................ 93
7.1. Regional Geology ......................................................................................................... 93
7.2. Local Geology ............................................................................................................... 95
7.2.1.
Lamaque Mine Geology ..................................................................................... 98
7.2.1.1. Volcanic rocks ................................................................................................................. 98
7.2.1.2. Intrusive rocks ................................................................................................................. 98
7.2.2.
Sigma Veins ..................................................................................................... 101
7.2.2.1. Major veins .................................................................................................................... 101
7.2.2.2. Lesser veins .................................................................................................................. 101
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7.2.2.3. Stockworks .................................................................................................................... 101
7.2.2.4. Flat veins ....................................................................................................................... 101
7.2.3.
7.2.4.
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14.2.2.
Drill Hole Sample Database ............................................................................. 188
14.2.3.
Interpretation of Mineralized Zones .................................................................. 188
14.2.4.
High Grade Capping ........................................................................................ 190
14.2.5.
Compositing ..................................................................................................... 194
14.2.6.
Variography ...................................................................................................... 194
14.2.7.
Bulk Density ..................................................................................................... 195
14.2.8.
Block Model Geometry ..................................................................................... 195
14.2.9.
Mineralized Zone Block Model ......................................................................... 195
14.2.10. Grade Block Model........................................................................................... 195
14.2.11. Resource Categories ....................................................................................... 197
14.2.12. Minimum cut-off Value ..................................................................................... 197
14.2.13. Mineral Resource Estimate Results ................................................................. 198
14.2.14. Comparison to Previous Mineral Resource Estimates ..................................... 200
14.3. Resource Estimate No. 4 Plug .................................................................................... 201
14.3.1.
Methodology..................................................................................................... 201
14.3.2.
Drill Hole Database .......................................................................................... 201
14.3.3.
Interpretation of Mineralized Zones .................................................................. 201
14.3.4.
High Grade Capping ........................................................................................ 203
14.3.5.
Compositing ..................................................................................................... 204
14.3.6.
Variography ...................................................................................................... 205
14.3.7.
Bulk Density ..................................................................................................... 207
14.3.8.
Block Model Geometry ..................................................................................... 207
14.3.9.
Mineralized Zone Block Model ......................................................................... 208
14.3.10. Grade Block Model........................................................................................... 208
14.3.11. Resource Categories ....................................................................................... 208
14.3.12. Minimum cut-off Value ..................................................................................... 209
14.3.13. Mineral Resource Estimate Results ................................................................. 211
14.3.14. Comparison to Previous Mineral Resource Estimates ..................................... 213
14.4. Resource Estimate of the Triangle Zone .................................................................... 213
14.4.1.
Methodology..................................................................................................... 213
14.4.2.
Drill hole Sample Database .............................................................................. 213
14.4.3.
Interpretation of Mineralized Zones .................................................................. 213
14.4.4.
High Grade Capping ........................................................................................ 215
14.4.5.
Compositing ..................................................................................................... 218
14.4.6.
Variography ...................................................................................................... 218
14.4.7.
Bulk Density ..................................................................................................... 220
14.4.8.
Block Model Geometry ..................................................................................... 220
14.4.9.
Mineralized Zone Block Model ......................................................................... 221
14.4.10. Grade Block Model........................................................................................... 221
14.4.11. Resource Categories ....................................................................................... 221
14.4.12. Minimum cut-off Value ..................................................................................... 222
14.4.13. Mineral Resource Estimate Results ................................................................. 223
14.4.14. Comparison with Previous Mineral Resource Estimates ................................. 226
14.5. Resource Estimate Vein No. 6 ................................................................................. 226
14.5.1.
Methodology..................................................................................................... 226
14.5.2.
Drill hole sample database ............................................................................... 226
14.5.3.
Interpretation of Mineralized Zones .................................................................. 227
14.5.4.
High grade capping .......................................................................................... 228
14.5.5.
Compositing ..................................................................................................... 230
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14.5.6.
Variography ...................................................................................................... 231
14.5.7.
Bulk Density ..................................................................................................... 232
14.5.8.
Block Model Geometry ..................................................................................... 232
14.5.9.
Mineralized Zone Block Model ......................................................................... 233
14.5.10. Grade Block Model........................................................................................... 233
14.5.11. Resource Categories ....................................................................................... 233
14.5.12. Minimum Cut-off Value..................................................................................... 234
14.5.13. Mineral Resource Estimate Results ................................................................. 236
14.5.14. Comparison to Previous Mineral Resource Estimates ..................................... 236
14.6. Resource Estimate of the Sixteen Zone ..................................................................... 237
14.6.1.
Methodology..................................................................................................... 237
14.6.2.
Drill Hole Sample Database ............................................................................. 237
14.6.3.
Interpretation of Mineralized Zones .................................................................. 237
14.6.4.
High Grade Capping ........................................................................................ 238
14.6.5.
Compositing ..................................................................................................... 241
14.6.6.
Variography ...................................................................................................... 241
14.6.7.
Bulk Density ..................................................................................................... 243
14.6.8.
Block Model Geometry ..................................................................................... 243
14.6.9.
Mineralized Zone Block Model ......................................................................... 244
14.6.10. Grade Block Model........................................................................................... 244
14.6.11. Resource Categories ....................................................................................... 244
14.6.12. Minimum Cut-off Value..................................................................................... 245
14.6.13. Mineral Resource Estimate Results ................................................................. 245
14.6.14. Comparison to previous mineral resource estimates ....................................... 246
14.7. Mineral Resources for the Sigma-Lamaque Project ................................................... 247
14.7.1.
Summary of the 2011 Resource Estimate ....................................................... 247
15. MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES ............................................................................... 251
16. MINING METHODS........................................................................................................ 252
16.1. Caution to the Reader ................................................................................................. 252
16.2. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 252
16.3. Mineral Resources considered in the Mining Plan ...................................................... 253
16.4. Preliminary Geotechnical Assessment ....................................................................... 254
16.4.1.
Rock Quality Designation (RQD) ..................................................................... 255
16.4.2.
Total Core Recovery (TCR) ............................................................................. 255
16.4.3.
ISRM field hardness ......................................................................................... 256
16.4.4.
Fracture Frequency and Fracture Spacing ...................................................... 257
16.4.5.
Crown Pillar ...................................................................................................... 257
16.4.6.
Typical Ground Support Patterns ..................................................................... 257
16.4.7.
Summary of Geotechnical Data ....................................................................... 259
16.5. Mining Method ............................................................................................................ 260
16.5.1.
Long-hole Method ............................................................................................ 260
16.5.2.
Room and pillar ................................................................................................ 263
16.6. Existing mine infrastructure......................................................................................... 263
16.7. Dewatering .................................................................................................................. 266
16.8. Underground mine design........................................................................................... 266
16.8.1.
North Zones development ................................................................................ 266
16.8.2.
North Zones sequence ..................................................................................... 269
16.8.3.
South Zones development ............................................................................... 271
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16.8.4.
South Zones sequence .................................................................................... 273
16.9. Mining dilution and recoveries .................................................................................... 273
16.10.Mining rate .................................................................................................................. 273
16.11.Mine plan schedule criteria ......................................................................................... 274
16.12.Equipment ................................................................................................................... 274
16.13.Manpower requirements ............................................................................................. 275
16.14.Development and production schedule ....................................................................... 278
16.15.Mining services ........................................................................................................... 279
16.15.1. Ventilation for North and South Zones ............................................................. 279
16.15.2. Dewatering ....................................................................................................... 281
16.15.2.1. Dewatering: North Zones .......................................................................................... 281
16.15.2.2. Dewatering: South Zones .......................................................................................... 282
16.15.3. Compressed air ................................................................................................ 283
16.15.4. Industrial water ................................................................................................. 283
16.15.5. Underground power distribution ....................................................................... 284
17. RECOVERY METHODS ................................................................................................ 285
17.1. Description of Sigma Mill Mineral Processing Facility ................................................. 285
17.1.1.
Crushing Circuit................................................................................................ 285
17.1.2.
Grinding and Gravity Circuits ........................................................................... 285
17.1.3.
Thickener, Leach and Carbon-in-Pulp Circuits ................................................ 286
17.1.4.
Elution, Refinery and Carbon Regeneration .................................................... 286
17.1.5.
Tailings and Cyanide Destruction .................................................................... 287
17.2. Expected Recovery ..................................................................................................... 287
18. PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE .................................................................................... 289
18.1. Plant and site layout.................................................................................................... 289
18.2. Surface Electrical Installation and Distribution ............................................................ 293
18.3. Site Access ................................................................................................................. 293
18.4. Camp .......................................................................................................................... 293
18.5. Mine Site Entrance/Guardhouse ................................................................................. 293
18.6. Office Building and Dry Complex ................................................................................ 293
18.7. Service Buildings ........................................................................................................ 294
18.8. Site Roads .................................................................................................................. 294
18.9. Compressor Building................................................................................................... 294
18.10.Fuel Storage ............................................................................................................... 294
18.11.Site Fencing ................................................................................................................ 294
18.12.Water Systems............................................................................................................ 294
18.13.Communication System .............................................................................................. 294
18.14.Sewage ....................................................................................................................... 295
18.15.Water Treatment Plant and Settling Pond .................................................................. 295
18.16.Mineralized Material Stockpile .................................................................................... 295
18.17.Waste Stockpile .......................................................................................................... 295
18.18.Overburden Stockpile ................................................................................................. 296
18.19.Tailings Storage Facility and Water Management ...................................................... 296
18.20.Project Implementation Schedule ............................................................................... 297
18.21.All-Terrain Vehicule Trail ............................................................................................. 298
19. MARKET STUDIES AND CONTRACTS ....................................................................... 299
19.1. Market Studies ............................................................................................................ 299
19.2. Contracts..................................................................................................................... 299
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 4.1 Location of the Lamaque Project with respect to Canadian and provincial
borders, and major cities ................................................................................... 54
Figure 4.2 Location of the Lamaque Project with respect to other mining centres in the
Abitibi region. Source: GESTIM (MNR) and Google Earth ................................ 55
Figure 4.3 Claim map of the Lamaque Project, Bourlamaque and Louvicourt townships,
Qubec, Canada. Source: GESTIM (MNR), Government of Qubec, as of
January 9, 2015. ................................................................................................ 58
Figure 4.4 Claim map of the Sigma-Lamaque property, Bourlamaque Township, Qubec,
Canada. Source: GESTIM, MNR, Government of Qubec, as of January 8,
2015 ................................................................................................................... 60
Figure 4.5 Claim map of the Lamaque South property, Bourlamaque Township, Qubec,
Canada. Source: GESTIM, MNR, Government of Qubec, as of January 9,
2015 ................................................................................................................... 61
Figure 4.6 Claim map of the AumaqueUnion GoldAudet property in Bourlamaque
Township, Qubec, Canada. Source: GESTIM, MNRF, Government of
Qubec, as of January 9, 2014 .......................................................................... 62
Figure 4.7 Claim map of the Sigma II property, Louvicourt Township, Qubec, Canada.
Source: GESTIM, MNRF, Government of Qubec, as of January 9, 2015 ....... 63
Figure 4.8 Sigma-Lamaque property and Cit de l'Or Mining Museum boundaries. Source:
Century (May 13, 2013) ..................................................................................... 64
Figure 5.1 Location and access of the former mine sites comprising part of the Lamaque
Project, Bourlamaque Township, Province of Qubec ...................................... 77
Figure 6.1 Level plan of drift 5-5340, Lamaque mine, and underground drill holes. Figure
provided in May 2013 by Paul Bdard, Chief Geologist, Century Mining
Corporation. ....................................................................................................... 91
Figure 7.1 Simplified map of the Abitibi Greenstone Belt showing the distribution of major
fault zones and gold deposits (Poulsen et al., 2000). ........................................ 93
Figure 7.2 Simplified regional geology of the Lamaque Project area. Modified from Pilote
et al. (1999). ....................................................................................................... 94
Figure 7.3 Simplified geology map for the Sigma and Lamaque deposits. Modified from
Sauv et al. (1993). ........................................................................................... 96
Figure 7.4 Simplified vertical cross section of the Sigma and Lamaque mine. A: Cross
section looking east through the Sigma mine (modified from Robert and
Brown, 1986). B: Cross section looking west through the Lamaque main
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mine (modified from Wilson, 1948). C: Cross section looking north through
the Lamaque No. 2 mine (from Bdard, 1979). ................................................. 97
Figure 7.5 Geological map of the Lamaque Project, excluding the Sigma II property area ..... 99
Figure 7.6 Geological map of the Sigma II property area ...................................................... 100
Figure 7.7 Shear zone in the Sigma open pit, showing quartz-carbonate veins and
underground workings. Photograph taken during Micons site visit in May,
2013. ................................................................................................................ 105
Figure 7.8 Subhorizontal quartz-tourmaline-carbonate veins in the Sigma open pit. ............ 106
Figure 7.9 Quartz-tourmaline-carbonate vein (flat vein). Photograph taken during Micons
site visit in May, 2013. ..................................................................................... 107
Figure 7.10 Lamaque South property geology and mineralized zones (from Beauregard et
al., 2011) .......................................................................................................... 109
Figure 7.11 Typical quartz-carbonate vein with coarse-grained visible gold in the Sigma
open pit. Photograph taken during Micons site visit in May, 2013. ................. 114
Figure 7.12 Quartz-tourmaline-carbonate distribution in the Val-dOr district (modified from
Robert, 1994). .................................................................................................. 116
Figure 8.1 Schematic diagram illustrating the typical setting for a greenstone-hosted
quartz-carbonate vein deposit. Source: Modified from Poulsen et al. (2000)
and Robert (2004). ........................................................................................... 123
Figure 10.1 Location of diamond drill holes on the South Triangle zone ............................... 127
Figure 10.2 Location of diamond drill holes in the No. 3 mine area ....................................... 130
Figure 10.3 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Parallel
Zone ................................................................................................................. 133
Figure 10.4 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Sixteen
Zone ................................................................................................................. 136
Figure 10.5 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on No. 6 Vein .. 137
Figure 10.6 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Triangle
Zone ................................................................................................................. 142
Figure 10.7 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Fortune
Zone ................................................................................................................. 145
Figure 10.8 Location of diamond drill holes from 2014 diamond drilling program on No. 5
Plug .................................................................................................................. 147
Figure 10.9 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling program on the Parallel
Ramp Zone ...................................................................................................... 149
Figure 10.10 Location of diamond drill holes diamond drilling program on geophysical
targets .............................................................................................................. 151
Figure 14.1 Wireframe solids of the Fortune Zone (formerly the Forestel Zone). .................. 178
Figure 14.2 Comparative histogram ....................................................................................... 180
Figure 14.3 Probability plot..................................................................................................... 181
Figure 14.4 Omnidirectional variography. .............................................................................. 183
Figure 14.5 Sensitivity of estimates to different cut-off values. .............................................. 186
Figure 14.6 Wireframe solids of the Parallel Zone. ................................................................ 190
Figure 14.7 Comparative histogram ....................................................................................... 192
Figure 14.8 Capping effect on total ounces............................................................................ 193
Figure 14.9 Effect of length on grade ..................................................................................... 194
Figure 14.10 Wireframe solids from No. 4 Plug. .................................................................... 202
Figure 14.11 Grade distribution within the High Probability to be Mineralized Zone. ............. 204
Figure 14.12 Grade versus length. ......................................................................................... 205
Figure 14.13 Directional variography of the Gauss transformed data. ................................... 207
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1 Mining claims and leases comprising the Lamaque Project ..................................... 66
Table 5.1 Annual Average Temperature Data.......................................................................... 78
Table 5.2 Annual Average Precipitation data ........................................................................... 78
Table 6.1 Total production figures for the principal mining areas of the Lamaque mine
(1935 to 1985) ................................................................................................... 82
Table 6.2 Total Sigma mine production to end of May 2012. ................................................... 85
Table 6.3 Summary of the 2010 Sigma-Lamaque Project Production Statistics ...................... 86
Table 6.4 Drilling and exploration from January 2003 to December 2014 ............................... 88
Table 6.5 Significant results from the 2010 surface drilling program at the Bdard Dyke ........ 90
Table 6.6 Production in 2011 and 2012 ................................................................................... 92
Table 10.1 2014 Technical Parameters on the Sigma-Lamaque (Parallel Ramp Area) ........ 125
Table 10.2 2013 technical parameters on the South Triangle Zone ...................................... 126
Table 10.3a 2013 technical parameters in the No. 3 mine area ............................................. 128
Table 10.3b 2015 technical parameters in the No. 3 mine area ............................................. 128
Table 10.4 2013 technical parameters on the Parallel Zone .................................................. 131
Table 10.5a 2010 technical parameters on the Sixteen Zone ................................................ 134
Table 10.5b 2012 technical parameters on the No. 6 Vein .................................................... 134
Table 10.6a 2014 technical parameters on the Triangle Zone .............................................. 138
Table 10.6b 2014 technical parameters on the Triangle Zone ............................................... 139
Table 10.6c 2015 Technical Parameters on the Triangle Zone ............................................. 140
Table 10.7 2014 Technical Parameters on the Fortune Zone ............................................... 143
Table 10.8 2014 Technical Parameters on Plug 5 Zone ....................................................... 146
Table 10.9a 2014 Technical Parameters on Exploration Program ......................................... 148
Table 10.9b 2015 Technical Parameters on Exploration Program ......................................... 148
Table 10.10a 2014 Technical Parameters on Exploration Program ....................................... 150
Table 10.10b 2015 Technical Parameters on Exploration Program ....................................... 150
Table 10.11 2014 Technical Parameters on the Mylamaque Zone ....................................... 152
Table 10.12 2014 Technical Parameters on the Parallel Zone .............................................. 153
Table 10.13 2014 Technical Parameters on the Sigma Vein ................................................ 153
Table 10.14 2014 Technical Parameters on the Triangle Zone ............................................. 154
Table 10.15 2014 Technical Parameters on the Sixteen Zone .............................................. 154
Table 12.1 Frequency and tonnage of scoop and truck sampling by equipment size ........... 163
Table 13.1 Composite Samples: Origin and Weight .............................................................. 166
Table 13.2 Ball Mill Work Index .............................................................................................. 166
Table 13.3 Head Assay Summary.......................................................................................... 167
Table 13.4 Trace Mineral Search High-Grade Gold Samples ............................................. 168
Table 13.5 Gravity and Cyanide Leach Conditions and Recoveries ................................... 169
Table 13.6 Summary of Flotation Gold Recoveries ................................................................ 170
Table 13.7 Gold Recoveries Flotation, Regrind and Cyanide Leach of Concentrate and
Tailings ............................................................................................................ 170
Table 13.8 Summary of Chemical Assays ............................................................................. 171
Table 13.9 Flowsheet 1 Recoveries ....................................................................................... 172
Table 13.10 Flowsheet 2 Recoveries ..................................................................................... 172
Table 13.11 Flowsheet 3 Recoveries ..................................................................................... 172
Table 14.1 Total Indicated Resource Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t Au cut-off ............... 175
Table 14.2 Total Inferred Resources Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t Au cut-off ............... 175
Table 14.3 Key parameters for Mineral Resource Estimates by zone ................................... 176
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Table 21.5 Costs related to the capacity increase of the existing tailings facility over the life
of mine ............................................................................................................. 323
Table 21.6 Owners costs ....................................................................................................... 324
Table 21.7 Summary of total operating costs ......................................................................... 325
Table 21.8 Mining costs ......................................................................................................... 325
Table 21.9 Yearly energy cost (average for complete production years) ............................... 326
Table 21.10 Milling costs for 450,000 tpa production capacity ............................................... 327
Table 21.11 Yearly environment cost (average for Year 0Q3 to Year 4) ............................... 328
Table 22.1 Cash flow analysis summary ................................................................................ 330
Table 22.2 Economic analysis for the Lamaque Project (figures in Canadian dollars) .......... 331
Table 22.3 Sensitivity analysis of economical parameters, after-tax NPV at 5% (millions $) . 333
Table 22.4 Sensitivity analysis of grade, after-tax NPV at 5% (millions $) ............................. 334
Table 22.5 Sensitivity analysis of economical parameters, after-tax IRR .............................. 335
Table 22.6 Sensitivity analysis on grade, after-tax IRR .......................................................... 336
Table 22.7 Sensitivity analysis at various discount rates ....................................................... 336
Table 26.1 Data base Cut-off dates for the various zones of the Lamaque Project during
the 2015 PEA study ......................................................................................... 352
Table 26.2 Proposed Underground Exploration ..................................................................... 355
Table 26.3 Proposed work program and budget .................................................................... 356
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX I UNITS, CONVERSION FACTORS, ABBREVIATIONS ...................................... 363
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1.
SUMMARY
At the request of Integra Gold Corp. (Integra Gold, the issuer or the Company),
InnovExplo has been retained to prepare a Technical Report (the Report) for the
Lamaque Project (the Project) in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 and
Form 43 101F1. The report presents the results of an updated mineral resource
estimates on the project for the Parallel and Triangle Zones. The 2015 Mineral
Resource Estimate was completed by Geologica and GoPointCom. InnovExplo is
an independent mining and exploration consulting firm based in Val-dOr (Qubec).
Integra Gold is a Canadian mineral exploration company trading publicly on the TSX
Venture Exchange in Canada (TSXV: ICG). The Company was incorporated under
the name "Kalahari Resources Inc." on July 2, 1986, in the Province of British
Columbia, Canada, by registration of its Memorandum and Articles. On December
29, 2010, the Company changed its name to Integra Gold Corp.
This report also refers to and presents the results of the updated Preliminary
Economic Assessment (PEA) for the Lamaque Project released in February 2015
(Poirier et al., 2015). The 2015 PEA represents an update of the Companys
previous PEA (March 11, 2014), and incorporates the impact of the Companys
acquisition in September 2014 of the neighbouring Sigma-Lamaque mill and mine
complex.
The 2015 PEA is based on the mineral resource estimate presented in an earlier
report entitled NI 43 101 Technical Report on the Lamaque Property by Geologica
Groupe-Conseil Inc. and GoPointCom Inc., published in November 2013. The 2013
Mineral Resource Estimate is compliant with the Canadian Securities Administrators
National Instrument 43 101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (NI 43
101).
The qualified persons (QPs) responsible for the preparation of this Technical Report
are:
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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Micon. The environmental studies and tailing evaluations were completed by Amec
Foster Wheeler. The estimation of the capital and operating cost to refurbish and
operate the Sigma mill was completed by WSP.
Property Description and Ownership
The Lamaque Project is located in the Val-dOr gold camp in the Province of
Qubec, Canada, approximately 550 km northwest of Montral.
The Lamaque
Project is located at approximately 4806' N latitude and 7745' W longitude, to the
east of the city of Val-d'Or in the townships of Bourlamaque and Louvicourt (Fig.
4.2). According to the Canadian National Topographical System (NTS), the project
lies in map sheets 32C/04 and 32C/03, between UTM coordinates 292,130E and
297,140E, and 5,327,680N and 5,334,700N (NAD83 projection, Zone 18N).
The Lamaque Project in Val-dOr, Quebec (Canada), represents the amalgamation
of the Lamaque South property and the Sigma-Lamaque mill and mining complex.
Integras land package covered 3,664.55 ha and included ten (10) mining
concessions (1,946.63 ha), one (1) mining lease (41.58 ha) and 121 claims
(1,658.34 ha).
Integra Gold is 100% owner of the Lamaque South property. Or Integra (Quebec)
inc. (Or Integra), a 100% subsidiary of Integra Gold, is 100% owner of the SigmaLamaque Complex. The Sigma-Lamaque Complex is adjacent to the Lamaque
South property, and comprises three separate properties and certain infrastructure,
as follows:
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The Sigma mine is located south of the Bourlamaque Batholith within the Central
Pyroclastic Belt of the Val-dOr Formation. The deposit is hosted by an andesite unit
bounded to the north by the north shear, and by volcaniclastic rocks of intermediate
composition to the south. The volcanics have been cut by two generations of premineralization porphyry dykes, sills and a large composite stock that ranges in
composition from diorite to granodiorite, and by a series of shears. Mineralization
consists of gold in QTC veins, stringers and stockworks within the intrusive rocks
and shear structures. The gold-bearing structures are oriented east-west. Late
diabase dykes cut the veins in a north-south direction.
The Lamaque South property is principally underlain by volcanic flows and
volcaniclastic rocks of the Val-dOr Formation, intruded by a variety of intermediate
to mafic plugs, dykes and sills. The northern part of the property is underlain by
lithologies comprising the lower part of the Val-dOr Formation, while the mid to
southern part of the property is underlain by units of the upper Val-dOr Formation.
The extreme southern section of the property, in the vicinity of the airport, is
underlain by mafic volcanic rocks of the Hva Formation.
There are twelve zones of gold mineralization, including six gold deposits with known
resources on the Lamaque South property. They consist of various simple vein
structures, vein complexes and stockwork zones. The twelve zones are as follows:
Parallel Zone;
Fortune Zone;
No. 4 Plug;
No. 5 Plug (including No. 35 Veins);
No. 3 Mine (including No. 1 and 2 veins);
Triangle Zone;
South Triangle Zone;
Mylamaque Zone;
No.4 Vein;
No. 6 Vein;
Sixteen Zone;
Sigma Zone.
The six known gold deposits are grouped into the North, South and West clusters.
The North cluster consists of the Parallel and Fortune zones, but also the exploration
targets known as the No. 5 Plug and No. 3 Mine. The South cluster consists of the
No. 4 Plug, Triangle, and South Triangle zones. The West cluster consists of the
Sixteen Zone and No. 6 Vein.
2015 Mineral Resource Estimate (Lamaque South Property)
The updated 2015 Mineral Resource Estimates for the Parallel (See section 14.2)
and Triangle (See section 14.4) zones of the Lamaque Project, presented herein,
were completed by the author Christian DAmours, P.Geo. (OGQ # 226), of
GoPointCom, using all available results as per the effective date of each zone.
GoPointCom was contracted by Herv Thiboutot, P.Eng., Senior Vice-President of
Integra Gold. The main objective was to publish revised mineral resource estimates
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for the above mentioned zones. This updated resource estimate integrates 45,400 m
of new drilling completed on the two main gold zones at Lamaque South property,
the Triangle (33,000 m) and Parallel (12,400 m) Zones. For further clarity, the 2015
resource updates for the Triangle and Parallel zones were not included and
considered in the current PEA for the Lamaque Project released in February 2015
(Poirier et al., 2015).
The Qualified and Independent Person responsible for the Mineral Resource
Estimate, as defined by NI 43-101, is Christian DAmours, P.Geo (OGQ #226). The
estimate is based on an interpretation performed by Alain-Jean Beauregard, P.Geo.
(OGQ #227), and Daniel Gaudreault, P.Eng. (OIQ #39834), both of Geologica.
This report also presents the results of previous resource estimates for Fortune, No.
4 Plug, No. 6 Vein and Sixteen Zone. These resources estimates were also
performed by Christian DAmours, P.Geo (OGQ #226). These estimates were based
on an interpretation performed by Alain-Jean Beauregard, P.Geo. (OGQ #227), and
Daniel Gaudreault, P.Eng. (OIQ #39834), both of Geologica. These resources
estimates were on SEDAR in the technical reports of Beauregard et al. (2013),
Poirier et al. (2014; 2015).
The result of the
Mineral Resource Estimates with Indicated and Inferred
Resources, incorporating the 2015 resource updates for the Triangle and Parallel
zones, are presented in the tables below. (see Tables 14.1 and14.2).
The mineral resources presented herein are not mineral reserves as they have no
demonstrable economic viability. The result is a Mineral Resource Estimate with
Indicated and Inferred resources for each mineralized zones, modelled for
underground mining.
Total Indicated Resource Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t Au cut-off (Table 14.1)
Gold Deposit Name
No. 4 Plug
Metric Tonnes
Au Ounces
1,325,100
5.6
237,450
Fortune Zone
125,500
5.8
23,600
Parallel Zone
766,500
7.3
180,750
Triangle Zone
1,957,100
8.3
520,630
389,400
6.4
79,550
91,700
5.2
15,440
4,655,300
7.1
1,057,420
No. 6 Vein
Sixteen Zone
Total Indicated
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Total Inferred Resources Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t Au cut-off(Table 14.2)
Gold Deposit Name
No. 4 Plug
Metric Tonnes
Au Ounces
0.0
Fortune Zone
252,300
5.6
45,220
Parallel Zone
250,900
10.7
86,460
Triangle Zone
604,700
9.0
174,470
No. 6 Vein
111,600
6.9
24,590
1,800
4.2
250
1,221,300
8.4
330,990
Sixteen Zone
Total Inferred
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Mineral resource estimate for the Sigma-Lamaque mine as of June 20, 2011 (Table 14.16) Table extracted from the August 2011 Micon
Technical Report for Century Mining Corporation (Lewis et al., 2011).
Area
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
North Wall
Shears
North Wall
Dykes
Sigma
Polygons
Estimation
Methodology
2.1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Area
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
Lamaque
Main Mine
Cross-Over
North Wall
Shears
North Wall
Dykes
Sigma
Polygons
Tonnes
Grade
Indicated
Ounces
Tonnes
Grade
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Block Model
92,000
6.52
19,000
92,000
6.52
19,000
Block Model
387,000
4.34
54,000
633,000
4.42
90,000
1,020,000
4.39
144,000
Block Model
188,000
2.48
15,000
188,000
2.48
15,000
764,000
6.04
148,000
1,610,000
5.02
260,000
2,374,000
5.35
408,000
1,151,000
5.46
202,000
2,523,000
4.73
384,000
3,674,000
4.96
586,000
Polygonal
Total
Cut-off
Grade
(g/t Au)
Measured
Estimation
Methodology
Block Model
Grade
Ounces
32,000
5.54
6,000
Polygonal
134,000
6.03
26,000
Polygonal
672,000
6.57
142,000
Block model
749,000
11.04
266,000
Block Model
364,000
5.13
60,000
Block Model
434,000
5.45
76,000
Polygonal
6,774,000
5.86
1,277,000
Total
9,159,000
6.29
1,853,000
Notes: Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability. There is no certainty that all or any part of the estimated Mineral
Resources will be converted into Mineral Reserves. Mineral Resources tonnage and contained metal have been rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate, and
numbers may not add up due to rounding. For 19,000 ounces in the indicated category and for 6,000 ounces in the inferred category for Lamaque No2 Mine the cut off
grade was 2.1 g/t; for the rest of the resource estimate the cut-off grade is 1 g/t gold.
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Mining
The updated PEA was prepared as an underground mining project based solely on
the mineral resources reported by the issuer on September 25, 2013. The majority of
the gold mineralization is hosted within two deposits, the Triangle Zone and the
Parallel Zone, located approximately 2 km apart. Secondary mineralized zones
included within the PEA are the No. 4 Plug, which would be accessed via
underground infrastructure from the Triangle Zone (South Zones), and the Fortune
Zone, which would be accessed via the Parallel Zone (North Zones) infrastructure.
Mineralization at the Lamaque Project would be accessed via two separate ramps.
In the proposed development plan, the Triangle Zone and No. 4 Plug would be
accessed by way of a ramp (the South Zones), or decline, from surface which would
be collared approximately 450 m west of the Triangle Zone limit.
Access to the Parallel Zone will be achieved through the completion of a 700 m
lateral ramp (the North Zones) starting from the existing Sigma underground
workings. The existing underground workings are 4.25 m by 4.25 m and are
accessed by a fully serviced portal, including ventilation, power and water services,
with the entrance in the southeast wall of the Sigma pit. The starting point of the
ramp to the Parallel Zone is located underground, approximately 200 m from the
portal entry-way in the pit.
The mining plan for the Lamaque Project calls for a combination of conventional and
mechanized mining. Two mining methods are proposed based on vein geometry of
the four deposits: long-hole and room and pillar. The approach in this study has been
to force the application of long-hole mining where applicable. Waste material
generated from drift development will be used to backfill part of the long-hole open
stopes.
The project will use the existing surface and underground infrastructure, mill and
tailings facility of the Sigma site. The Sigma site will be the base for operations and
for the mining of the Parallel and Fortune Zones. The South Zones will be serviced
with independent infrastructure to operate and the mineralized material will be
transported to the Sigma Mill.
For the Parallel, Fortune and Triangle zones, a cut-off grade of 4.0 g/t was applied to
sectors amenable to the long-hole mining method, and a cut-off grade of 4.5 g/t to
sectors amenable to the room and pillar mining method. Small satellite veins were
eliminated when located too far from principal points of access. A surface pillar of
approximately 25 m from surface bedrock was considered. For No. 4 Plug, Franois
Chabot of Integra Gold delineated stopes in higher grade areas based on resource
blocks calculated by GoPointCom, and provided the information to InnovExplo.
Table 16.1 presents the resources potentially amenable to mining that were used to
prepare the preliminary mining plan for the Lamaque Project.
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Tonnes
(metric tons)
1,325,100
377,800
947,300
932,000
3,582,200
Grade
(grams per tonne)
5.6
5.7
9.7
11.0
8.1
Ounces
237,450
68,820
295,620
328,270
930,160
A mine recovery factor of 85% has been considered in this study for room and pillar
stopes because high-grade portions of the pillars will be recovered. Typical
room and pillar stopes will have a minimum height of 2m and an external dilution of
5% (at 0.0 g/t Au).
For long-hole stopes, an average dilution factor of 20% (at 0.0 g/t Au) has been
applied when stopes thickness is greater than 3 m, and a 35% dilution factor was
applied to stopes less than 3 m.
However, in the No. 4 Plug, the stopes are thicker and more vertical; in this sector, a
15% dilution factor (at 0.0 g/t Au) was applied with a planned mining recovery factor
of 90%.
The preliminary conceptual mine plan has a production period of 4.5 years, and a
pre-production period of 1.5 years. Once mining operations are completed, 1 year
will be required to complete the mine closure work. The average annual production
after the pre-production stage is 442,400 t at a diluted grade (or head grade) of
8.24 g/t Au, for 109,740 gold ounces recovered (average recovery of 92.1%).
The planned production is 2.1 Mt of resources at a diluted grade of 8.24 g/t Au,
representing 511,600 ounces of recovered gold.
Metallurgy
Three series of laboratory testwork campaigns were carried out with samples of the
Lamaque deposit (refer to section 13 for report citations). The first two series were
conducted on low-, average- and high-grade North and South composites. The
third series was conducted on four composites, one for each zone: Parallel and
Fortune (North Zones), Triangle and No. 4 Plug (South Zones).
In the first series of tests, chemical assays, mineral analyses via QEMSCAN and a
gold Trace Mineral Search (TMS) were conducted. The individual composite sample
gold assays ranged from 3 to 15 g/t Au. The sulphur content of the samples ranged
from 1 to 2%. Sulphur was present primarily as pyrite with traces of chalcopyrite. The
assays showed a 1 to 2% carbon content, but only a very small portion of it is
present in organic form. The TMS showed that some of the gold is present as
inclusions within the sulfide minerals, and this portion was greater for the South
composite than for the North composite.
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The Bond ball mill work index was measured, and results ranged from 13.8 to 14.9
kWh/t.
Gravity concentration, flotation and leach tests were conducted. Depending on the
test conditions, the total gold recovery obtained through gravity concentration and
leaching of gravity tailings ranged from 79 to 92% for the South composites, and
from 93 to 98% for the North composites. In both cases, recovery increased with
both the fineness of grind and retention time. Diagnostic leaching of tailings showed
that part of the gold present in the South composite samples was not in a leachable
form (gold was locked in the sulphide matrix and gangue minerals).
Rougher sulfide flotation followed by regrinding of the flotation concentrate to a K80
of 7 m, intensive leach of the concentrate and cyanide leach of the tailings was also
tested on the South composites. More than 12 % of the gold content of the feed
ended up in the flotation tailings. Therefore, leaching these tailings increased the
overall gold recovery, which ranged from 90 to 96% depending on sample and
flotation grind size.
In the third series of laboratory testwork, four flowsheets were tested at a grind size
of 75 m: gravity and carbon in leach (CIL), whole ore cyanidation, CIL, and flotation
with cyanidation of concentrate and tailings. Overall gold recoveries from the first
three flowsheets were comparable. With these flowsheets, gold recoveries from the
Parallel, Triangle and Fortune composites ranged from 93 to 98%, and recovery for
the No. 4 Plug composite varied from 83 to 88%. Flowsheet 4, using flotation,
showed lower recoveries compared to the other three.
Milling
Custom milling was considered in the previous PEA (Technical Report and
Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project, Integra Gold Corp.,
April 25, 2014). In October 2014, Integra Gold acquired the Sigma-Lamaque mining
and milling facility. This version of the PEA is thus based on the use of the Sigma
mill at an average production rate of 450,000 tonnes per year (tpa).
The Sigma mill is composed of crushing, grinding, gravity concentration, leach and
carbon-in-pulp (CIP) circuits. The crushing circuit includes a jaw crusher, cone
crusher and screen. Grinding would be accomplished by a rod mill and a ball mill in
closed circuit with cyclones to a grind size of 75 m. The gravity circuit uses a
Knelson concentrator and shaking table. All five leach tanks would be used and five
CIP tanks would be refurbished for a combined residence time of approximately 72
hours. Tailings would go through cyanide destruction prior to being sent to the
tailings pond.
Based on testwork results obtained so far and a 72-hour residence time (refer to
sections 13 and 17.2 for details and report citation), the following recoveries have
been estimated.
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Gravity
Leach
Total
Parallel
47.6
49.8
97.4
Fortune
26.8
69.3
96.1
Triangle
17.6
74.9
92.5
No. 4 Plug
13.7
73.4
87.1
The tailings facility that is considered to be used has already been constructed on
the Sigma-Lamaque mining complex, and only minor upgrades are required prior to
its use for tailings storage by the Company. The Sigma tailings impoundment area is
made up of four cells. Currently, two cells out of four are full. Upgrades will be
required to increase the tailings pond capacity.
There is sufficient capacity in the remaining two cells for approximately 1.25 years of
tailings storage without requiring further raising or expansion of the tailings
impoundment based on several deposition scenarios developed by Amec Foster
Wheeler. An estimated 3.3 years of life can be added to the tailings impoundment by
raising two cells using tailings as done in the past over the life of mine while
managing water as per Directive 019. This assessment used different
data/assumptions summarized in Section 20.4.
A geotechnical investigation is required considering the lack of recent geotechnical
data and to perform stability, seepage, and settlement analyses to confirm baseline
data and establish design criteria.
Environment
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(Table 21.1). The mill and tailings facilities have already been constructed and will be
refurbished
Pre-production capital costs include surface infrastructure (site preparation, roads,
electric and water lines), refurbishment of existing buildings for offices at the Sigma
site, surface infrastructure at the South Zones (including a new dry building and a
garage), mobile equipment, development and capitalized operating costs, owner
costs (closure costs in line with required financial guarantees, company staff and
indirect costs). These costs are summarized in Tables 21.1 to 21.5.
Pre-production capital costs are minimal given that there is no need to build a new
processing and tailings facility, and that mineralization is close to surface.
Additionally, in the case of the Parallel Zone, mineralization is easily accessible by
way of existing underground workings at Sigma, further reducing the need for new
infrastructure.
Pre-production is anticipated to take place over an 18-month period with the majority
of capital expenditures attributed to ramp development, mill refurbishment, tailings
expansion, development of mineralized zones, and mining at the proposed mining
rate and mill throughput.
Capital cost estimate (Table 21.1)
Description
Surface infrastructure*
Mining infrastructure *
Mobile equipment **
Develop. & capitalized operating costs **
Mill refurbishment***
Tailings
Owners costs
Salvage value
Closure cost
Offsetting capitalized revenue
Total
Pre-production
Sustaining
Total
6.7 M$
7.6 M$
11.7 M$
38.9 M$
6.5 M$
1.0 M$
12.7 M$
2.0 M$
5.0 M$
19.1 M$
63.2 M$
2.8 M$
1.8 M$
8.7 M$
12.6 M$
30.8 M$
102.1 M$
9.4 M$
2.8 M$
12.7 M$
(10.1) M$
5.2 M$
(23.3) M$
(10.1) M$
5.2 M$
(23.3) M$
61.9 M$
89.0 M$
150.9 M$
* contingency 20%, ** contingency 10%, *** contingency 30% including structural and roof repairs
Integra Gold is also studying a scenario that would involve delaying the development
of the South Zones by 12 to 18 months in order to reduce up-front capital cost
requirements and use cash flow from the North Zones to fund development of the
South Zones.
Operating costs
Operating costs are estimated in 2014 Canadian dollars with no allowance for
escalation. The total operating cost and average unit operating costs are
summarized in Table 21.7. The overall unit operating cost is $132.60 per tonne of
milled ore.
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Total cost
(Year 2Q3 to Year 7)
($/t)
Unit cost
($/oz)
Definition drilling
Stope development
Mining cost
Integra Gold staff
Energy cost
Milling and transportation
Environment
11.9 M$
26.5 M$
115.1 M$
39.5 M$
12.5 M$
54.4 M$
3.9 M$
6.0
13.3
57.8
19.8
6.3
27.3
2.0
24.2
53.7
233.2
79.9
25.3
110.2
8.0
Total
263.9 M$
132.6
534.4
Financial Analysis
An after-tax model was developed for the Lamaque Project. All costs are in 2014
Canadian dollars with no allowance for inflation or escalation.
The Lamaque Project is subject to the following taxes:
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The resulting main parameters and cash flow analysis are presented in Table 22.1.
The economic analysis for the Lamaque Project is presented in Table 22.2.
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Results
1,175
1.14
1,340
109,900
141,600
61.9 M
89.0 M
1.5
4.5
551
731
873
PRE-TAX
Life-of-mine NPV at 5% discount rate (CA$)
Internal rate of return (IRR)
Payback period (years)
184,3 M
77%
1.3
AFTER-TAX
Life-of-mine NPV at 5% discount rate (CA$)
IRR after-tax (%)
Payback period (years)
113.5 M
59%
1.6
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The PEA is based on a mineral resource database cut-off date of April 24,
2013 and does not include subsequent drilling (either infill or expansion) of
approximately 39,235 m that was completed by February 2015. Another
phase of drilling (8 rigs) is currently underway, and this is also not included in
the PEA.
Production does not include any material being mined from the recently
acquired Sigma property. Further work is required to identify resources and
develop an economic mining scenario. Any additional ounces defined as a
result of this work will be in addition to the current production profile as milling
capacity is not a bottleneck on production.
The PEA does not include resources from the No. 6 Vein or the Sixteen
Zone. A drilling program is currently underway (2015 2 rigs) at No. 6 Vein
and this is not included in the PEA.
Significant mineralization has been identified at the No. 3 Mine and the No. 5
Plug targets. Integra Gold expects to have resource estimates completed for
those zones during 2015. Should a resource be defined at these targets, they
could be potentially mined from the North Zones infrastructure.
Metallurgy
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Permitting risks.
Crown pillar thickness and stability evaluation through geo-mechanics
characterization and stability analysis.
Possibilities that the population does not accept the mining project.
Recommendations
The results from this PEA study demonstrate that the Lamaque Project is technically
and economically viable and InnovExplo recommends that Integra Gold continue to
advance the project toward prefeasibility. InnovExplo along with its collaborators in
the study recommends proceeding with the following steps in the continued
development of the Lamaque Project.
1) Incorporate all new drilling into a global project resource estimate
Update mineral resource estimate on all deposits included in the PEA, those
contained at No. 6 Vein (including new drilling being perfomed in 2015), and
complete a maiden mineral estimate for new zones identified, including the No. 5
Plug and No. 3 Mine. Following on from this, we would subsequently evaluate the
impact of these revised resource estimates on the project economics.
The following table presents the actual database cut-off dates for the various zones
of the Lamaque Project where a mineral resource estimate is already in place:
Actual cut-off dates for the various zones of the Lamaque Project during the 2015
PEA study (Table 26.1)
Zone
Parallel Zone
Fortune Zone
No. 4 Plug
Triangle Zone
Vein Sixteen
Vein No 6
Hydrogeology study;
Rock mass characterization and stope design;
Crown pillar stability analysis;
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Measure rod mill, ball mill and abrasion work indexes to better
estimate power and grinding media consumption;
Conduct metallurgical tests in line with the Sigma mill
flowsheet (gravity concentration followed by cyanidation of
gravity tails) to confirm reagent consumptions;
Conduct metallurgical tests at a finer grind to determine
recoveries that could be obtained by refurbishing the 2nd ball
mill.
Conduct further diagnostic testing (via QEMSCAN or other) to
determine the nature of the unleached gold.
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Cost (C$ M)
C$1.3
C$6.4
C$7.5
C$1.0
C$16.2
C$7.0
7) Plan and perform a geotechnical investigation for the Sigma tailings impoundment
The program presented in this PEA Study will allow the Company to operate their
tailings impoundment for current estimated life of mine. This will be achieved by
raising B-2, and B-9 and incorporating the east to west deposition and water
management strategies. The limitations of this preliminary cost assessment related
to the increase of the tailings pond capacity and costs related to operational planning
are:
Lack of recent geotechnical data;
Lack of bathymetry data.
Furthermore, in order to advance the preliminary economic assessment to the next
stage, the following activities should be considered:
To complete the proposed work program to advance the project, InnovExplo and its
collaborators estimates that a budget of approximately $25.52M is required as
presented in the following table.
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Cost
500,000$
1,100,000$
150,000$
6,000,000$
1,000,000$
400,000$
16,200,000$
165,000$
25,515,000$
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2.
INTRODUCTION
At the request of Integra Gold Corp. (Integra Gold, the issuer or the Company),
InnovExplo has been retained to prepare a Technical Report (the Report) for the
Lamaque Project (the Project) in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 and
Form 43 101F1. The report presents the results of an updated mineral resource
estimates on the project for the Parallel and Triangle Zones. The 2015 Mineral
Resource Estimate was completed by Geologica and GoPointCom. InnovExplo is
an independent mining and exploration consulting firm based in Val-dOr (Qubec).
Integra Gold is a Canadian mineral exploration company trading publicly on the TSX
Venture Exchange in Canada (TSXV: ICG). The Company was incorporated under
the name "Kalahari Resources Inc." on July 2, 1986, in the Province of British
Columbia, Canada, by registration of its Memorandum and Articles. On December
29, 2010, the Company changed its name to Integra Gold Corp.
The Lamaque Project in Val-dOr, Quebec (Canada), represents the amalgamation
of the Lamaque South property and the Sigma-Lamaque mill and mining complex.
Integra Gold is 100% owner of the Lamaque South property.
Or Integra (Quebec) inc. (Or Integra), a 100% subsidiary of Integra Gold, is 100%
owner of the Sigma-Lamaque Complex. The Sigma-Lamaque Complex is adjacent
to the Lamaque South property, and comprises three separate properties and certain
infrastructure, as follows:
This report also refers to and presents the results of the updated Preliminary
Economic Assessment (PEA) for the Lamaque Project released in February 2015
(Poirier et al., 2015). The PEA represents an update of the Companys previous PEA
(March 11, 2014), and incorporates the impact of the Companys acquisition in
September 2014 of the neighbouring Sigma-Lamaque mill and mine complex. The
PEA was prepared by InnovExplo using the mineral resource estimate presented in
an earlier report entitled NI 43-101 Technical Report on the Lamaque Property by
Geologica Groupe-Conseil Inc. and GoPointCom Inc., published in November
2013. The 2013 Mineral Resource Estimate is compliant with the Canadian
Securities Administrators National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for
Mineral Projects (NI 43-101).
2.1.
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estimate integrates 45,400 m of new drilling completed on the two main gold zones
at Lamaque South, the Triangle (33,000 m) and Parallel (12,400 m) Zones.
Some of the Lamaque Project information and results presented herein were taken
from the 2015 PEA presented in the NI 43-101 compliant report prepared by
InnovExplo and released in February 2015 (Poirier et al., 2015). This information
has not been modified in any way.
2.2.
2.3.
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The 2015 PEA of the Lamaque Project was under the direct supervision of Herv
Thiboutot, Eng., P.Geo., Executive and Corporate Vice-President of Integra Gold
Corp. and Franois Chabot Eng, Operation and Engineering Manager of the
company. Both Mr Thiboutot and Mr. Chabot are qualified persons as defined by
National Instrument 43-1-01.
Technical support was provided by Bruno Turcotte, P.Geo., of InnovExplo, to
validate the compliance of the Report with NI 43-101 and Form 43-101F.
InnovExplo wishes to acknowledge the diligent and professional assistance of
Geologica and GoPointCom, Micon, WSP and Ames Foster Wheeler for this
project.
The list below presents the sections for which each QP was responsible:
The following QPs visited the Lamaque project at various dates for the purposes of
the Project:
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2.4.
mineral processing in both operations and projects, who visited the plant from
February 18 to 27, 2014 and on a few additional days in May, June and
November 2014.
Tania Ilieva of Micon visited the Lamaque Project site from May 8 to May 10,
2013;
Daniel Gaudreault of Geologica visited and supervised the diamond drilling
programs on the southern part of the Lamaque Project (the South Lamaque
property) since 2009.
2.5.
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3.
The land tenure was verified on January 9, 2015 on the website of Qubecs
Ministry of Natural Resources (MRN: Ministre des Ressources Naturelles) at
the following address: https://gestim.mines.gouv.qc.ca. Additional information
about the mining titles and option agreements was supplied by Geologica.
InnovExplo is not qualified to express any legal opinion with respect to
property titles or current ownership and possible litigation.
Golder Associates Ltd (Golder) was retained by Integra Gold to provide
professional services with respect to the Lamaque Project. The main
objective was to determine the level of study required for the Project with
respect to geomechanics, crown pillar, mining recovery rate and
groundwater/geochemistry of the Triangle Zone, the No. 4 Plug, and the
Parallel and Fortune zones. The Golder report was used to elaborate part of
section 16.3 (Preliminary Geotechnical Assessment).
Meglab Inc. provided the preliminary estimate for the electrical distribution
requirements and costs.
Concept DB evaluated the structure and roof repairs required for the Sigma
Mill and provided a preliminary estimate for their costs.
Lucie Chouinard, CA, M.Fisc., of Samson Blair Deloitte & Touche,
completed the after-tax cash flow estimation.
Venetia Bodycomb of Vee Geoservices provided the linguistic editing on a
draft version of the Report.
The authors believe the information used to prepare the Report and to formulate its
conclusions and recommendations is valid and appropriate considering the status of
the Project and the purpose for which the Report is prepared.
The authors, by virtue of their technical review of the Projects exploration potential,
affirm that the work program and recommendations presented in the Report are in
accordance with NI 43-101 and CIM technical standards.
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4.
4.1.
Location
The Lamaque Project is located in the Val-dOr gold camp in the Province of
Qubec, Canada, approximately 550 km northwest of Montral (Fig. 4.1). The
Lamaque Project is located at approximately 4806' N latitude and 7745' W
longitude, to the east of the city of Val-d'Or in the townships of Bourlamaque and
Louvicourt (Fig. 4.2). According to the Canadian National Topographical System
(NTS), the project lies in map sheets 32C/04 and 32C/03, between UTM coordinates
292,130E and 297,140E, and 5,327,680N and 5,334,700N (NAD83 projection, Zone
18N).
Figures 4.1 and 4.2 indicate the location of the Lamaque Project with respect to
Canadian and provincial settings.
Figure 4.1 Location of the Lamaque Project with respect to Canadian and
provincial borders, and major cities
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Figure 4.2 Location of the Lamaque Project with respect to other mining centres in the Abitibi region. Source: GESTIM
(MNR) and Google Earth
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4.2.
Property Description
4.2.1.
Land Tenure
The Government of Qubec recognizes thirteen (13) types of land registration for
mining and exploration. The Lamaque Project consists of a mining lease (BM),
staked claims (CL), map designated claims (CDC) and mining concessions (CM).
Integra initially acquired the Lamaque South property in 2003. On September 03,
2014 Integra announced that it had entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with
Samson Blair/Deloitte & Touche Inc., acting as court-appointed receiver of the
assets of Century Mining Corporation (Century). According to the terms of the
agreement, Integra was to acquire the Sigma-Lamaque Milling Facility, the Sigma
Tailings Facility, the underground mining infrastructure, and the mining concessions
and mineral claims adjacent to Integras Lamaque South property in Val-dOr,
Qubec. The land package acquired by Integra consisted of three properties: SigmaLamaque in Bourlamaque Township; AumaqueUnion GoldAudet in Bourlamaque
Township; and Sigma II in Louvicourt Township. The transaction was completed on
October 09, 2014, with Integra becoming the sole owner of the property.
Following the transaction, Integras land package covered 3,664.55 ha and included
ten (10) mining concessions (1,946.63 ha), one (1) mining lease (41.58 ha) and 121
claims (1,658.34 ha). The Lamaque Project consists of four (4) separate properties
as follows: Sigma-Lamaque, Lamaque South, AumaqueUnion GoldAudet and
Sigma II (Fig. 4.3).
The Sigma-Lamaque property is located within the city limits of Val-d'Or, in
Bourlamaque Township. It comprises the Sigma underground mine, the Lamaque
underground mine and associated infrastructure, which includes a 2,200 tpd capacity
mill, a tailings dam, workshops, offices and other ancillary buildings. The
underground workings of the Lamaque mine comprise levels 1 to 36 (1,100 m) at a
vertical spacing of 30 m, whereas those of the Sigma mine comprise levels 1 to 40
(1,850 m) at variable vertical spacings. The Sigma-Lamaque portion of the property
consists of mining concessions 272, 264 (264PTB and 264PTC), 314 and 318 (total
of 742.48 ha), mining lease 137-tailing park (41.58 ha) and 10 mining claims (147
ha) (see Fig. 4.4 and Table 4.1). Currently, the Sigma-Lamaque property is
registered to Or Intgra (Qubec) Inc. and covers the former Sigma and Lamaque
Mines, totalling 931.06 ha.
The Corporation du village minier de Bourlamaque has rights to part of the surface
area in the centre of the Lamaque Project that includes the headframes, the
surviving mine buildings and 100 m of decline into the Lamaque No. 2 mine. The
rights were granted by Teck Cominco to the city of Val-dOr for use as a mining
museum, which opened in 1996 (see Fig. 4.8). Most recently, the property was
developed as an open pit gold mine, operated by Century Mining Corporation
(Century). The mining concessions carry unconditional rights to the surface, and to
mine minerals from the underlying bedrock.
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The Lamaque South property consists of parts of four (4) contiguous mining
concessions ("CM") numbered 375, 380, 264PTA and 314PTA, and 35 mining
claims (see Fig. 4.5 and Table 4.1). The property is registered to Integra for a total of
1,690.22 ha and is 100% owned. None of the claims are within park or forest
reserves that are restricted from exploration and mining. This field work report mainly
concerns mining claims C002091, C002092, C002093, 3691171, 5275588 and
5275589.
The ten (10) mining concessions grant surface and mineral rights, have no expiry
dates and will remain in good standing provided a small amount of work is carried
out or payment in lieu of work is made each year. The annual rental for a mining
lease is indexed every year; for 2015 it will be $46.00/ha. The mining concessions
have been legally surveyed.
The AumaqueUnion GoldAudet property is contiguous with the eastern
boundaries of the Sigma-Lamaque and Lamaque South properties in Bourlamaque
Township. The land package (see Fig. 4.6 and Table 4.1) consists of one mining
concession (CM 270), called the Aumaque Block, as well as 42 mineral claims. The
total surface coverage is 639.33 ha. The property is registered under the name of Or
Intgra (Qubec) Inc.
All claims and mining concessions of the Sigma-Lamaque, Lamaque South and
AumaqueUnion GoldAudet properties are contiguous.
The Sigma II property covers a total of 403.94 ha, located 16 km east of the SigmaLamaque property, and has separate infrastructure. The property area (see Fig. 4.7
and Table 4.1) consists of fourteen (14) map designated claims, which replaced
mining lease BM 729, and twenty (20) staked mineral claims, under the name of Or
Intgra (Qubec) Inc. The Sigma II property was part of Centurys assets and has
been acquired by Integra, but is not an integral part of the Sigma-Lamaque and
Lamaque South properties, which are the subject of this report. However, the Sigma
II property is part of Centurys assets that were purchased by Integra on October 09,
2014.
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Figure 4.3 Claim map of the Lamaque Project, Bourlamaque and Louvicourt townships, Qubec, Canada. Source: GESTIM (MNR), Government of Qubec, as of January 9, 2015.
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Figure 4.4 Claim map of the Sigma-Lamaque property, Bourlamaque Township, Qubec, Canada. Source: GESTIM, MNR, Government of Qubec, as of January 8, 2015
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Figure 4.5 Claim map of the Lamaque South property, Bourlamaque Township, Qubec, Canada. Source: GESTIM, MNR, Government of Qubec, as of January 9, 2015
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Figure 4.6 Claim map of the AumaqueUnion GoldAudet property in Bourlamaque Township, Qubec, Canada. Source: GESTIM, MNRF, Government of Qubec, as of January 9, 2014
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Figure 4.7 Claim map of the Sigma II property, Louvicourt Township, Qubec, Canada. Source: GESTIM, MNRF, Government of Qubec, as of January 9, 2015
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Figure 4.8 Sigma-Lamaque property and Cit de l'Or Mining Museum boundaries. Source: Century (May 13, 2013)
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The two contiguous claim groups (the Union GoldAudet Block and the Aumaque
Block) and the Sigma II project have had several past producers, and are exploration
assets, but have separate infrastructure, that is not related to the milling and mining
facilities of the Lamaque South and Sigma-Lamaque Project, and they will not be
discussed further in this report.
A complete list of the mining licences, mineral claims and leases is shown in Table
4.1.
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Table 4.1 Mining claims and leases comprising the Lamaque Project
Annual Mining Concession, Mineral Claim, Mineral Lease Obligations Required Work and/or Accumulated Cash
Type
Property
Titles
Hectares
Work
Required
(CAD)
Excess
Annual Fee
Work (CAD)
(CAD)
Expiry Date
Township
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
Lamaque South
375
324.13
0.00
CM
CM
CM
Lamaque South
380
195.75
0.00
9,004.50
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
Lamaque South
264PTA
246.65
0.00
11,345.90
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
Lamaque South
392.49
0.00
18,054.54
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
314PTA
4 Mining
Concessions
C008271
CL
Lamaque South
CL
SUBTOTAL
1,159.02
0.00
14,909.98
53,314.92
8.40
1000.00
44784.36
28.00
13/Oct/15
Bourlamaque
C002081
21.00
1000.00
32258.43
28.00
27/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
Lamaque South
C002082
15.40
1000.00
27703.49
28.00
27/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
C002091
20.50
1000.00
903146.40
28.00
27/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
C002092
21.80
1000.00
390949.70
28.00
27/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
C002093
17.30
1000.00
334791.90
28.00
27/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
9731
16.00
1000.00
15630.76
28.00
09/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
9732
16.00
1000.00
15630.76
28.00
09/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
9733
16.00
1000.00
15630.76
28.00
09/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
9734
16.00
1000.00
15630.76
28.00
09/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
9735
16.00
1000.00
15630.76
28.00
09/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5275527
16.00
750.00
3547.68
28.00
22/Jun/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5275528
16.00
750.00
4217.26
28.00
22/Jun/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5275529
11.00
750.00
3923.56
28.00
22/Jun/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5275530
16.00
750.00
3640.80
28.00
22/Jun/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5275588
16.00
750.00
2750.00
28.00
18/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5275589
9.00
750.00
2750.00
28.00
18/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5272308
13.80
750.00
2840.80
28.00
28/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
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Annual Mining Concession, Mineral Claim, Mineral Lease Obligations Required Work and/or Accumulated Cash
Type
Property
Titles
Hectares
Work
Required
(CAD)
Excess
Annual Fee
Work (CAD)
(CAD)
Expiry Date
Township
Lamaque South
5272309
16.00
750.00
3,089.56
28.00
28/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5272310
14.00
750.00
2,910.56
28.00
28/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
5252628
16.00
750.00
2,840.80
28.00
03/May/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4228833
5.00
1000.00
0.00
28.00
13/Apr/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
3691171
6.00
1000.00
139,588.20
28.00
26/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
1348121
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.00
26/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
1348122
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.00
26/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
1348123
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.00
26/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
1348124
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.00
26/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
1348125
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.00
26/Jan/2017
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4166481
16.00
1000.00
61,344.30
28.00
14/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4166482
16.00
1000.00
5,159.20
28.00
14/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4166483
16.00
1000.00
5,159.50
28.00
14/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4166484
16.00
1000.00
4,159.50
28.00
14/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4166485
16.00
1000.00
88,373.42
28.00
15/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4166491
16.00
1000.00
5,159.50
28.00
15/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Lamaque South
4166492
16.00
1000.00
5,159.55
28.00
15/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
SUBTOTAL
35 CLAIMS
531.20
32,500.00 2,158,402.27
980.00
Sigma (Mine)
272
389.71
0.00
17,926.66
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
CM
Sigma (Mine)
318
197.16
0.00
9,069.36
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
CM
Lamaque
264PTB
133.83
0.00
6,156.18
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
CM
Lamaque
264PTC
18.00
0.00
630.00
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
CM
Lamaque
314PTB
3.78
0.00
173.88
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
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Annual Mining Concession, Mineral Claim, Mineral Lease Obligations Required Work and/or Accumulated Cash
Type
Property
Titles
Hectares
Work
Required
(CAD)
Excess
Annual Fee
Work (CAD)
(CAD)
Expiry Date
Township
Annual on 12/31
Bourlamaque
Sigma (Mine)
5 Mining
Concessions
137-tailing park
742.48
41.58
1 Mining Lease
41.58
0.00
4,130.10
33,956.08
3,991.68
3,991.68
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3471885
17.30
1,000.00
7,537.03
28.25
16/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3505741
14.80
1,000.00
6,275.54
28.25
05/May/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3505742
16.00
1,000.00
7,582.59
28.25
05/May/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3505743
18.30
1,000.00
6,964.07
28.25
05/May/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3694501
19.40
1,000.00
17,506.15
28.25
01/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3694502
13.60
1,000.00
9,804.65
28.25
01/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3694503
18.40
1,000.00
15,174.26
28.25
01/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3694504
11.20
1,000.00
6,118.33
28.25
01/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
3694505
17.50
1,000.00
24,705.04
28.25
01/Nov/2016
Bourlamaque
31/May/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Sigma (Mine)
SUBTOTAL
4702011
10 CLAIMS
0.50
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
147.00
10,000.00
101,667.66
282.5
Aumaque
CL
Audet (VDMH)
270
1 Mining
Concessions
C002871
CL
Audet (VDMH)
C002872
7.90
1,000.00
24,520.79
28.25
31/Mar/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet (VDMH)
C002873
7.80
1,000.00
26,971.72
28.25
31/Mar/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet (VDMH)
C002874
4.90
1,000.00
47,518.61
28.25
31/Mar/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet (VDMH)
C002875
18.00
1,000.00
36,487.83
28.25
31/Mar/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet (VDMH)
C002876
19.80
1,000.00
34,667.67
28.25
31/Mar/2015
Bourlamaque
SUBTOTAL
63.13
2,903.98
63.13
2,903.98
1.60
1,000.00
0.00
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
March 27, 2015 Integra Gold Corp.
Annual on 31/Jan
Bourlamaque
28.25
31/Mar/2015
Bourlamaque
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Annual Mining Concession, Mineral Claim, Mineral Lease Obligations Required Work and/or Accumulated Cash
Type
Property
Titles
Hectares
Work
Required
(CAD)
Excess
Annual Fee
Work (CAD)
(CAD)
Expiry Date
Township
Audet (VDMH)
C002877
9.40
1,000.00
28,106.20
28.25
31/Mar/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet-Stoch
5139004
5.80
750.00
0.00
28.25
23/Jul/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet-Stoch
5139005
16.00
750.00
0.00
28.25
23/Jul/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet-Stoch
5139006
2.10
750.00
0.00
28.25
23/Jul/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet-Stoch
5139008
16.00
750.00
0.00
28.25
23/Jul/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet-Stoch
5139009
16.00
750.00
0.00
28.25
23/Jul/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet-Stoch
5139010
5.80
750.00
0.00
28.25
23/Jul/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Audet-Stoch
5139011
16.00
750.00
0.00
28.25
23/Jul/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
New Bidlamaque
3588501
16.00
1,000.00
42,002.98
28.25
25/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
New Bidlamaque
3588502
12.00
1,000.00
55,007.32
28.25
25/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
New Bidlamaque
3588522
14.00
1,000.00
3,368.23
28.25
27/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
New Bidlamaque
C006581
15.72
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
10/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
New Bidlamaque
C006582
8.10
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
10/Sep/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3572881
16.00
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
20/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3572882
16.00
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
20/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3572883
16.00
1,000.00
49,612.09
28.25
20/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3572884
16.00
1,000.00
6,709.49
28.25
20/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588503
16.00
1,000.00
55,465.77
28.25
25/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588504
16.00
1,000.00
86,663.00
28.25
25/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588505
16.00
1,000.00
38,134.28
28.25
25/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588511
16.00
1,000.00
22,324.03
28.25
26/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588512
16.00
1,000.00
30,537.14
28.25
26/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588513
16.00
1,000.00
22,274.79
28.25
26/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588514
16.00
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
26/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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Annual Mining Concession, Mineral Claim, Mineral Lease Obligations Required Work and/or Accumulated Cash
Type
Property
Titles
Hectares
Work
Required
(CAD)
Excess
Annual Fee
Work (CAD)
(CAD)
Expiry Date
Township
Union Gold
3588515
16.00
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
26/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
3588521
16.00
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
27/Apr/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C007121
18.00
1,000.00
79,396.22
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C007122
17.90
1,000.00
83,400.18
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C007 123
19.20
1,000.00
47,402.63
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C007124
16.50
1,000.00
52,661.44
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C009441
9.10
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C009442
10.70
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C009443
9.30
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C009444
17.90
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C009445
5.50
1,000.00
0.00
28.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
CL
Union Gold
C009446
31.20
2,500.00
17,892.91
55.25
13/Aug/2015
Bourlamaque
42-CLAIMS
576.2
41,750.00
891,125.32
1,213.50
SUBTOTAL
Sigma II
2410289
15.74
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
2410290
15.75
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
2410291
15.73
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
CL
CL
Sigma II
Sigma II
2410292
2410293
15.56
6.89
CL
Sigma II
2410294
10.78
500.00
0.00
CL
Sigma II
2410295
11.12
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
2410296
11.72
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
2410297
13.47
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Annual Mining Concession, Mineral Claim, Mineral Lease Obligations Required Work and/or Accumulated Cash
Type
Property
Titles
Hectares
Work
Required
(CAD)
Excess
Annual Fee
Work (CAD)
(CAD)
Expiry Date
Township
Sigma II
Sigma II
2410298
2410299
5.85
5.62
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
2410300
1.07
500.00
0.00
CL
Sigma II
2410287
15.71
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
2410288
15.73
500.00
0.00
28.25
24/Aug/2016
Louvicourt
1000.00
0.00
28.25
10/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
1000.00
0.00
28.25
10/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
28.25
27/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
CL
CL
Sigma II
Sigma II
C002033
C002034
11.80
13.80
CL
Sigma II
C002052
16.00
1000.00
0.00
CL
Sigma II
C003091
1.00
1000.00
0.00
28.25
02/Mar/2017
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
C003092
2.70
1000.00
0.00
28.25
02/Mar/2017
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
C003093
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.25
02/Mar/2017
Louvicourt
1000.00
0.00
28.25
28/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
28.25
28/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
C003101
13.10
CL
Sigma II
C003102
11.80
1000.00
0.00
CL
Sigma II
C003103
4.10
1000.00
0.00
28.25
28/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
C003104
12.20
1000.00
0.00
28.25
28/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
C003105
5.80
1000.00
0.00
28.25
28/Feb/2017
Louvicourt
1000.00
0.00
28.25
30/May/2017
Louvicourt
1000.00
0.00
28.25
21/Jul/2017
Louvicourt
28.25
21/Jul/2017
Louvicourt
CL
CL
Sigma II
Sigma II
C004182
C004201
16.00
10.40
CL
Sigma II
C004202
12.50
1000.00
0.00
CL
Sigma II
C004211
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.25
04/Aug/2017
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
C004212
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.25
04/Aug/2017
Louvicourt
1000.00
0.00
28.25
04/Aug/2017
Louvicourt
CL
Sigma II
C004213
16.00
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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Annual Mining Concession, Mineral Claim, Mineral Lease Obligations Required Work and/or Accumulated Cash
Type
Property
Titles
Hectares
Work
Required
(CAD)
Excess
Annual Fee
Work (CAD)
(CAD)
Expiry Date
Township
Sigma II
Sigma II
C004214
C004215
16.00
16.00
1000.00
0.00
28.25
04/Aug/2017
Louvicourt
1000.00
0.00
28.25
04/Aug/2017
Louvicourt
0.00
28.25
05/Aug/2017
Louvicourt
Sigma II
C004231
16.00
1000.00
SUBTOTAL
34 CLAIMS
403.94
27,000.00
TOTALS
10 MINING
CONCESSIONS
1 MINING LEASE
121 MINERAL
CLAIMS
960.50
1,964.63
90,174.98
41.58
3,991.68
3,436.50
Source: Digital Mining Titles Dataset, GESTIM (MNR), as of January 09, 2015.
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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4.2.2.
Submit its renewal request at least 60 days before the expiry date.
Pay the required fee, which varies according the area, the location of the title
and the date of receipt of the request.
Deposit the statutory work report and the declaration of mining work
requested at least 60 days before the expiry date of the claim. When work
completed exceeds the minimum required, the surplus work can be used to
renew claims located within a radius of 4.5 km from the centre of the claim for
which surpluses are registered and for all future renewals.
To renew claims in Qubec, the holder must complete the form Demande de
renouvellement de claims. Any work credits that have accumulated on the various
mineral claims will assist in keeping them in good standing.
4.2.3.
Royalties
4.2.3.1.
4.2.3.2.
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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4.2.5.
4.2.6.
Location of Mineralization
All mineralized zones or areas that Integra plans to explore are located within the
boundaries of the property.
4.2.7.
Micon Comments
To the extent known by Micon, there are no significant factors or risks besides those
discussed in this report that may affect Integras right or ability to perform work on
the Sigma-Lamaque property.
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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5.
5.1.
Accessibility
The Lamaque Project lies to the east of the Val-d'Or urban centre. The property is
accessible via public paved and gravel roads, gravel roads on the top of the dykes,
all-terrain vehicle (ATV) trails, and bush roads. Provincial Highway 117 (Fig. 5.1)
passes through the project (see also Fig. 4.2). One of the most useful of these gravel
roads is the one built along the tailing retention dykes. There is a gravel road passes
through the project to the south. This road is used as service road by the staff of the
Goldex mine for the pipeline maintenance and reaches the Barvue-Manitou tailings.
The Val-dOr airport is located at the southern edge of the property, and has
regularly scheduled flights to and from Montral. Val-dOr is a six-hour drive north
from Montral, and there is daily bus service between Montral and the other cities
in the Abitibi region. Val-dOr is also serviced several times a day by various regional
airlines based out of Montrals airports.
Canadian National Railroad (CN) operates a feeder line that runs through
Senneterre and Amos, connecting east through Montral and west through the
Ontario Northland Railway to the North American rail system. A CN branch line runs
through Val-dOr and crosses the Sigma-Lamaque property. Passenger rail service
is offered by VIA Rail from Montral to Senneterre (65 km northeast of Val-dOr) on
Monday, Wednesday and Friday, and from Senneterre to Montral on Tuesday,
Thursday and Sunday.
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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Figure 5.1 Location and access of the former mine sites comprising part of the Lamaque Project, Bourlamaque Township,
Province of Qubec
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5.2.
Climate
The climate of the Val-d'Or area is sub-arctic with warm summers, cold winters, and
moderate average precipitation (Tables 5.1 and 5.2). Based on Environment Canada
statistics, from 1971 to 2000, the region is characterized by a mean daily
temperature of 12 Celsius (C). The month of July has an average temperature of
17.2 C, whereas the month of January averages -17.2 C. The extreme minimum
recorded temperature was -43.9 C, whereas the highest recorded temperature was
36.1 C. There were 209 days recorded below freezing point. Summer weather is
generally in the +25 C (July) range. Winters are cold, with temperatures averaging
-20 C, but temperatures can be as low as -35 C for periods of several weeks.
Extreme temperatures below -40 C can occur during December through March. The
highest recorded temperature was 36.1 C and the lowest recorded temperature was
-43.9 C.
Jan.
Feb.
March
April
May
Maximum (C)
-10.9
Minimum (C)
-23.5
Mean (C)
-17.2
-15.3
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
-8.6
-1.5
6.6
-21.9
-14.6
-5
-8.1
0.8
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Annual
16.1
21
23.4
21.7
15.5
8.5
0.1
-7.6
2.7
7.8
11
9.7
4.6
-0.5
-8.2
-18.9
-4.7
9.4
14.4
17.2
15.8
10.1
-4.1
-13.3
Note: Table supplied by Century Mining Corporation for the previous August, 2011 Technical Report (Lewis et al.,
2011).
Jan.
Feb.
March
April
May
June
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Annual
Rain (mm)
5.5
3.4
20.1
35.8
75
92.4
95.4
93.2
99.8
72.2
34.1
8.3
631
Snow (cm)
56
40.8
48.6
29.2
2.5
0.3
1.9
14.6
45.5
61
296
Total precipitation
56
40.5 65.2
66
77.7 92.7
95.4 93.2
101.9 86.6 76.2
62.5
909
(mm)
Note: Table supplied by Century Mining Corporation for the previous August, 2011 Technical Report (Lewis et al.,
2011)
Winds are generally light. During storm events, sustained winds have been recorded
ranging from 48 to 63 km/h with gusts up to 119 km/h. Winter storms with snow
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Local Resources
Val-dOr was founded in the 1920s and has been a mining service centre since its
inception. Currently, Val-dOr, with a population of approximately 32,000 persons, is
a modern city and one of the communities in the Abitibi region of Qubec with a long
and rich mining heritage. Both the Lamaque and Sigma mines are situated within the
municipality of Val-dOr. These two mines were the largest producers in the area. All
requirements, including a quality supply of hydro-electric power to support a mining
operation, are available in Val-dOr. There is an ample supply of timber and water on
or near the property to supply a mining operation. Also available is a local skilled
labour force with experienced mining and technical personnel. A number of mining
and mineral exploration companies have offices located in the area. Local resources
include the following:
5.4.
Infrastructure
The Lamaque Project has access to all services and infrastructure available in ValdOr and the rest of the province of Qubec, and elsewhere in Canada. The Sigma
mine is connected to the Hydro-Qubec electric power grid, Gaz Metro natural gas
network, and has Internet and phone access. The Sigma-Lamaque property has a
permitted 2,200 tpd milling complex and tailing facilities adjacent to the Lamaque
South property, and permitted underground infrastructure including three portals,
mechanical shop, office, dry, assay laboratory and equipment. More information
about the project infrastructure is provided in Section 18 of this report.
5.5.
Physiography
The Abitibi region has a typical Canadian Shield type terrain of low local relief with
occasional hills and abundant lakes. The average topographic elevation is
approximately 300 m above sea level and generally varies less than 100 m. Large
areas are dominated by swamps and ponds. Local flora in the area are
predominantly spruce, pine, fir and larch with a much smaller percentage of
deciduous trees, such as birch and poplar.
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The mine site is bordered to the north by a large unpopulated wooded area, a portion
of which is currently used for tailings and waste rock disposal. A large swamp
partially covers parts of the property, while spruce forest and mixed deciduous and
coniferous forest cover the eastern, western and southern extremities. The elevation
difference rarely exceeds 50 m, except where eskers and glacial deposits are found.
The property is at an elevation of about 320 m above sea level.
The old tailings retention area from the Lamaque mine covers a large part of the
central part of the property. As described under the Environmental Issues section,
this tailings area is generally populated with herbaceous growth, grasses and areas
of small trees planted by Integras predecessors. Spruce forest and mixed deciduous
and coniferous forest cover much of the rest of the property.
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6.
HISTORY
The following section (item 6) is taken directly from the report titled Technical Report
and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project (according
to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27, 2015,
prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015).
Gold was discovered in the Val-dOr area in 1923 by R.C. Clark in a quartz vein on
what later became the Lamaque property. This first gold discovery was contained in
a small quartz vein, located in a narrow shear zone, which contained a pocket of
coarse gold that was removed in a single blast in an otherwise barren vein. Intensive
prospecting by trenching under George Kruse resulted in the discovery of the No. 3
vein in 1924. The No. 1 vein was also stripped and trenched, but did not carry
significant gold.
The following section on the history of the Lamaque and Sigma mines was mainly
taken from the technical report of Lewis et al. (2011) and updated where applicable.
6.1.
6.1.1.
Lamaque Mine
In 1924, William Read took an option on Clarks claims. In November 1928, in
partnership with Hector Authier, the company Read-Authier Mines Ltd (ReadAuthier) was formed to acquire property in Bourlamaque Township. In 1929, ReadAuthier drilled 19 core holes for a total of 2,143 m to test the veins along strike and at
depth. Results were encouraging but inconclusive. In the late summer of 1932, Major
MacMillan optioned Read-Authiers south claim group for Teck-Hughes Gold Mines
Ltd (Teck-Hughes) and drilled 5 holes totalling 520 m to check the previous results.
Teck-Hughes subsequently exercised its option and formed Lamaque Gold Mines
Ltd (Lamaque Gold) in December 1932. Lamaque Gold took over the original
discovery and a number of adjoining claims, with Read-Authier retaining a 30%
interest in the original claims.
Shaft sinking was started in January 1933, followed by lateral development and mill
construction. The mine officially started up in March 1933 with an ore reserve of
67,580 metric tonne at 10.62 g/t gold. Development was accelerated on March 3
1933, when U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt devalued the U.S. dollar and the
official gold price jumped from US$20.67 to US$35.00 an ounce. Sufficient ore was
subsequently developed to justify a mill, with construction starting in the summer of
1934. Later, further shafts were sunk adjacent to the Main (or No. 1) mine. These
shafts include the number 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 shafts and the development of the East
and West mine areas. The No. 2 Mine, approximately 1,158.24 m (3,800 ft)
northeast of the Main mine area (not to be confused with the No. 2 Shaft located on
the Lamaque South property), both close to and on the extension of Sigma mine
structures, was developed in 19501951 to a depth of 410.56 m (1,347 ft) with nine
levels developed. Production from the No. 2 mine ceased on November 30, 1955.
Gold production commenced at the Lamaque mine in April, 1935, with an initial mill
capacity of 250 tons per day. Mill capacity was increased to 500 tons per day by
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November, 1935 and to 1,200 tons per day by December, 1937. During World War II
the mill operated at reduced tonnage due to the war effort. In 1951, the mill capacity
was raised to 1,500 tons per day, and in 1953 raised again to 2,100 tons per day.
Production was cut back to 1,800 tons per day in 1972. Operations ceased in June,
1985 and the mill was demolished in 1992.
The Lamaque No. 2 mine was developed in 1950 with a shaft sunk to 410.5 m
(1,347 ft.) which included nine levels. Production ceased at the No. 2 mine in 1955.
The Lamaque No. 3 mine was developed in 1961. It was developed to a depth of
223.7 m (734 ft) and included the No.3 mine plug, the No. 4 plug and the No. 5 plug.
Production ceased at the No. 3 mine in 1967.
From 1952 through to 1985, the Lamaque mine was the largest gold producer in
Qubec.
The main mine area of the property was acquired by Placer Dome in November,
1993 and the surface rights were acquired by Placer Dome in October, 1999. No
mining or underground development was conducted between 1999 and 2010.
Century Mining Corporation Inc. (Century) purchased the Sigma and Lamaque
mines in September 2004, and in 2010 re-opened the Sigma-Lamaque mine. The
mine was shut down in May 2012 and is currently on care and maintenance.
At its peak of production, the Lamaque mine employed 215 persons underground
from a total payroll of 385. Total production figures for the principal mining areas at
the Lamaque mine are shown in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1 Total production figures for the principal mining areas of the
Lamaque mine (1935 to 1985)
Mining Area
Tonnes Milled
Gold Grade
(g/t)
Ounces Produced
Main Plug
18,166,848
6.34
3,695,194
East Plug
2,721,397
3.94
343,827
West Plug
1,491,952
4.56
219,014
No. 2 Mine
1,482,775
4.97
237,596
No. 3 Mine
318,560
6.30
58,536
24,151,963
5.86
4,554,167
Total Production
Table supplied by Century Mining Corporation for the August 2011 Technical Report (Lewis et al.,
2011).
A portion of the Lamaque property was purchased by Placer Dome in 1993, and
limited production was resumed in the Lamaque No. 2 mine area. The production
from this area was reported with the Sigma figures.
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6.1.2.
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On August 15, 1971, U.S. President Richard Nixon ended the gold exchange
standard and the gold price was allowed to float. Between August 1972 and May
1974, mill capacity was expanded to 1,460 tons per day, which was further
expanded to 2,200 tons per day in 1995.
In September 1997, Placer Dome sold the Sigma mine to McWatters Mining Inc.
(McWatters). During 1998, McWatters reduced the underground production and, in
the spring of 1999, a further reduction of the underground production to 500 tonnes
per day occurred. In July, 1999, McWatters closed the underground mine only 22
months after it took over operations. While the McWatters underground production
records appear to be incomplete, it is estimated that only 350,000 tonnes were
mined from the underground operations under McWatters tenure.
In 1998, a small open pit behind the Lamaque shaft was developed. In 1999 and
2000, limited open pit operations occurred and a total of some 377 000 tonnes of ore
with an average grade of 2.73 g Au/t were extracted and processed in the Sigma
concentrator. The mill was expanded to 3,000 tpd in 2000 and to 5,000 tpd in 2002.
Development of a larger open pit started in November 2002, with ore processing
beginning in early 2003. The McWatters open pit operation never reached
commercial production (defined as 60% of design capacity for a period of 90
consecutive days). All McWatters mine operations were shut down in October 2003,
and McWatters was placed into bankruptcy.
6.1.3.
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Operating Period
Tonnes
Grade
(g/t)
Oz
Lamaque Gold
1935 to 1985
24,151,963
5.9
4,554,167
Sigma Mines
1937 to 1997
23,898,243
5.8
4,456,420
McWatters
1997 to 2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
3,724,000
0
1,112,746
1,415,530
1,155,937
46,719
0
157,561
176,918
73,570
55,913,187
2.2
0
1.6
1.6
1.5
3.2
0
2.9
2.57
2.1
5.3
263,405
57,241
72,817
55,747
4,807
Century
Total
14,691
14,618
4,967
9,498,880
Table supplied by Century Mining Corporation for the August 2011 Technical Report (Lewis et al., 2011) and
updated by Micon.
On May 3, 2010, Century announced in a press release that the mill facility at the
Sigma-Lamaque operation had poured its first bar of gold on April 30, 2010. This bar
was composed of material obtained from behind mill liners collected as gravity table
concentrate, yielding a gold dor bar weighing approximately 230 oz. In the press
release, Century noted that future gold pours would include gold from the stripping
circuit, as well as the gravity-recovered gold.
On February 3, 2011, Century announced in a press release that the SigmaLamaque mine had produced 6,018 oz of gold in the fourth quarter of 2010, and a
total of 14,419 oz of gold for the year 2010. Century noted that commissioning
delays, which included deliveries of equipment, mine development and operational
obstacles, influenced operational ramp-up in the fourth quarter. Additionally, the
mine grades were lower than planned as ore production was predominantly from
mining areas not in the identified resource, due to earlier development constraints.
Table 6.3 contains a summary of the 2010 Sigma-Lamaque Project production
statistics derived from the Century press release of February 3, 2011.
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Total
14,419
163,345
157,561
2.87
94.59
Table supplied by Century Mining Corporation for the August 2011 Technical
Report (Lewis et al., 2011).
On February 9, 2011, the cone crusher in the mill facility failed, resulting in the loss
of the entire crushing circuit until February 17, 2011, when Century was able to
implement a temporary solution and resume operations. Repairs and replacement of
the cone crusher were completed on March 6, 2011. Century announced on March
8, 2011 that production had improved but remained below plan, and management
continued to work on programs to improve the situation.
Due to financial restraints, Century noted in its March 8, 2011 press release that it
had halted development operations in the access to the North Wall mining area,
which it expected would delay mining in that area until May. It also delayed other
capital projects which it expected would further slow the ramp-up process and
extend the period during which Century expected to operate on a cash-negative
basis.
On June 7, 2011, Century issued a press release announcing that its development
plans for producing longhole stope ore from the North Wall at the Lamaque mine
remain on target for July and will result in the planned noticeable increase in ore feed
rates to the process plant for the third quarter.
In the same press release, Century also announced that year to date, the Lamaque
mine witnessed constrained gold production due to having the Lamaque Flats as the
primary ore feed source. As a result, Century is lowering its Lamaque 2011 gold
production guidance from the initial 70,00075,000 to 45,00050,000 ounces. With
the access to the North Wall in the second half of 2011, the Company is forecasting
a discernible increase in monthly production compared with that achieved in the first
half, and the Company is projecting to achieve commercial production at its
Lamaque Project as of the end of the third quarter.
The June 7, 2011 Century press release concluded with the following quote from
Daniel Major, president and CEO: The first half of 2011 has been an operational
challenge with only mining access to the Lamaque Flats that has resulted in a lower
than expected gold production from the Lamaque mine. [] Over the past months,
the team at the mine has worked diligently to gain access to the longhole reserve
targets in the North Wall area and expects to increase ore feed and gold production
by mining these bulk tonnage stopes in July. We remain on track to achieving
commercial production and the 2,000 tonnes per day goal in the second half of the
year."
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In October, 2011, White Tiger Gold Ltd (White Tiger) acquired Century and the
Sigma-Lamaque Project. White Tiger restarted commercial production at the SigmaLamaque mine complex in February, 2012. Production remained below the target of
2,000 tpd and the extracted ore graded around 2.5 g/t Au, which was well below the
grade of the mine reserves.
On May 25, 2012, White Tiger announced that its wholly-owned subsidiary, Century,
was unable to produce sufficient quantities of gold to satisfy the gold delivery
obligations under its agreement with Deutsche Bank. The failure to make the gold
delivery or to pay the equivalent in cash to Deutsche Bank resulted in a default under
the Forward Gold Purchase Agreement. On May 29, 2012, Deloitte was appointed to
act as receiver with respect to all the assets, undertakings and properties of Century.
6.1.4.
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During the period between January 2003 and December 2014, exploration work was
completed on the Lamaque South property, mainly via drilling campaigns. A total of
over 156,248 meters of drilling was completed, essentially distributed on the Fortune,
Parallel, Triangle, South Triangle, No. 6 Vein, No. 4 Plug, No. 5 Plug, Sigma Vein
Extension, Mylamaque, Sixteen Zone, and various geophysical targets. The various
drilling programs, and their results, were discussed in detail in previous versions of
NI 43-101 Technical Reports, all of which were filed on SEDAR.
The drilling was completed by Orbit-Garant Drilling from Val-dOr, Qubec. Analyses
were completed by Bourlamaque Assay Laboratory and ALS Canada in Val-dOr.
Supervision of the exploration work completed between 2003 and 2008 was
conducted by Don Cross and Terrence Coyle; between 2009 and to the end of 2014,
exploration orientation, geoscientific compilation, drill hole planning, core logging,
data validation and geological mineralized zone interpretation of cross-sections and
longitudinal sections were conducted and supervised by Geologica Groupe-Conseil
Inc.
Since 2009, drill supervision, core logging and QA/QC sampling protocols were
designed and followed by Geologica personnel with duplicates, blanks and
standards inserted for each drill hole.
A re-sampling program of 2003-2008 diamond drill cores was conducted by
Geologica, beginning in 2009. This re-sampling includes the addition of QA/QC
samples, and to date has included a total of 1,654 samples along with 319 QA/QC
samples on 121 diamond drill holes.
Table 6.4 Drilling and exploration from January 2003 to December 2014
Drill
Holes
Target
Goal
Fortune Zone
67
18,220
Parallel Zone
88
22,119
Sixteen Zone
55
12,824
128
46,981
10
2,862
No.4 Plug
46
24,417
No.5 Plug
29
9,352
Mylamaque
25
6,347
No. 4 Vein
300
Triangle
Zone
Sigma Vein
Extension
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Target
No. 6 Vein
Geophysical
Targets
West
Property
Other Zone
Goal
Drill
Holes
Metres
30
7,555
10
3,263
438
1,570
6.2.
6.2.1.
Historical
Prior exploration in the Lamaque and Sigma Mines was conducted using EX core for
short underground diamond drill holes and AX and AQ for longer underground and
surface diamond drill holes. The previous operators drilled approximately 40,000
diamond holes at Lamaque from both surface and underground during the 1970s
(Burns and Mark, 2009). The previous geological team considered the small core
size as adequate for sampling the deposit. Rock strength was high, estimated to
range from 25,000 to 50,000 psi.
Core recovery in all environments on the property was generally 100%. Core loss
was very rare as highly stressed ground that could contribute to core grinding was
absent, and faults and shears rarely contained broken ground (Burns and Mark,
2009).
6.2.2.
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Table 6.5 Significant results from the 2010 surface drilling program at the
Bdard Dyke
Hole ID
Grid
Azimuth
Dip
()
2655-1A
-75
2700-1
-65
2700-2
-80
2610-7
65
-45
2610-6
79
-67
From (m)
To (m)
64.08
67.03
71.99
75.59
60.62
69.19
77.85
80.77
71.60
192.63
199.74
203.51
47.64
53.04
58.67
63.92
80.35
83.21
97.44
59.10
64.08
67.03
Incl. 68.24
80.44
154.35
157.64
64.92
69.01
72.91
76.60
63.15
75.01
79.46
83.30
72.02
193.55
200.44
204.09
49.87
55.08
59.28
65.87
81.23
84.00
98.42
62.18
64.92
69.01
68.88
81.17
154.99
159.78
True Width
(m)
0.73
1.40
0.70
0.87
2.19
5.28
1.32
1.94
0.40
0.86
0.54
0.33
2.15
1.92
0.61
1.69
0.87
0.72
0.88
2.67
0.73
1.40
0.45
0.66
0.37
1.85
The surface drilling program conducted on the Bdard Dyke extended the
mineralized zone and confirmed the spatial location of the dyke for mine planning
and future development. The drilling indicated that the Bdard Dyke has a minimum
strike length of 210 m (689 ft) in the southwest direction, and dips approximately 80
south. The dyke pinches, swells and bifurcates along both its strike and down-dip
directions. The dykes width varies from approximately 2 m (6.6 ft) at its western end
to 10 m (32.8 ft) on the eastern end near the Sigma open pit.
The surface drilling programs in 2009 and 2010 were carried out by Performax
Drilling, an independent drilling company. The core was logged and sampled and the
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samples were prepared in the on-site laboratory and assayed at the Analytical
Solutions Ltd (ASL) Geochemistry Laboratory, Val-dOr.
During the period from 2006 to 2012, underground definition drilling was conducted
by fanning holes located along horizontal or vertical sections. The spacing between
the fans ranged between 50 and 100 m (150 to 300 ft), and was determined by both
the local structural complexity of the mineralization and accessibility (Figure 6.1).
The underground definition drilling was conducted in the North Wall, Sigma mine,
Bdard Dyke, and Lamaque mine.
Figure 6.1 Level plan of drift 5-5340, Lamaque mine, and underground drill
holes. Figure provided in May 2013 by Paul Bdard, Chief Geologist, Century
Mining Corporation.
6.3.
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Year
2011
Lamaque Mine
2012
2011
Sigma Mine
2012
Total:
Stope
Tonnes (metric)
Grade
(g/t)
Oz
7-74A-6540
5,998
3.14
605.59
7-76C-107
54,824
2.10
3,701.94
7-76-138
367
1.38
16.28
7-76-140
38,828
2.74
3,420.86
6-Incl-6300
119
1.80
6.89
6-74A-6420
9,443
2.13
646.74
6-76-6700
3,584
1.83
210.89
6-76-154
234
0.50
3.76
6-76-155
40,627
3.06
3,997.38
5730
1,336
0.59
25.35
6605 E+W
35,337
2.34
2,658.80
6610 E+W
7,326
2.80
659.58
7-Incl-5975
408
1.98
25.98
7-74A-6540
9,275
1.54
459.28
7-76-140
1,795
2.62
151.22
13,699
3.72
1,638.59
4-4815 (NW)
6,504
0.80
167.31
5-5435 (NW)
2,691
2.07
179.11
5,309
1.16
198.02
2,495
1.41
113.12
5,412
2.50
435.05
4,877
1.52
238.36
250,488
2.43
19,560
Table provided by Paul Bdard, chief geologist for the Sigma-Lamaque mine, Val-dOr
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7.
7.1.
Regional Geology
The following description of regional geology is mostly summarized from Beauregard
et al. (2011) and Lewis et al. (2011).
The Lamaque Project is located in the eastern end of the Abitibi Greenstone Belt, an
island arc volcanic complex 750 km long by 250 km wide, within the Superior
Province of the Canadian Shield. All of the rocks within the region are of Archean
age, except for Proterozoic diabase dykes that cut across lithologies at both the
regional and local scales. Volcanic and sedimentary rocks in the Abitibi Greenstone
Belt and specifically in the Val-dOr region are up to 18,000 m thick, with 80% of the
assemblage being volcanic. Figures 7.1 and 7.2 are simplified maps of the Abitibi
Greenstone Belt and the Lamaque Project area.
Figure 7.1 Simplified map of the Abitibi Greenstone Belt showing the distribution of
major fault zones and gold deposits (Poulsen et al., 2000).
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Figure 7.2 Simplified regional geology of the Lamaque Project area. Modified from Pilote et al. (1999).
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The eastern segment of the Southern Volcanic Zone (SVZ) of the Abitibi Greenstone
Belt is a complex sequence of volcano-sedimentary rocks (2,705 + 2 Ma) cut by
post-volcanic plutonic suites. This segment can be subdivided into two stratigraphic
groups based on regional tectonics and volcano-sedimentary stratigraphy: the basal
Malartic Group composed of the La Motte-Vassan, Dubuisson and Jacola
formations, and the overlying Louvicourt Group, containing the Val-dOr and Hva
formations. The Malartic Group represents an Archean oceanic floor controlled by
extensional mantle plume tectonics and characterized by effusive komatiites and
basalts and intrusive dykes and sills. The Louvicourt Group marked a change to
subduction-related processes, whereby incipient arc construction, represented by the
lower Val-d'Or Formation, overlapped with the waning stages of plume-generated
volcanism, represented by the Jacola Formation. This contemporaneous volcanic
activity indicates a conformable relationship. Subsequent rifting, represented by the
Hva Formation, formed voluminous lavas that flooded the arc-related lavas.
Several large granitoid intrusions have been emplaced into the local stratigraphy.
The largest of these are the post-kinematic Lacorne and Pascalis batholiths. The
Bourlamaque Batholith is a synvolcanic granitoid intrusion described as a quartz
diorite by Campiglio (1977). The Centre Post Intrusion (also known as the East
Sullivan Pluton) is a stock of intermediate composition that exhibits a zonation from a
monzonitic core to a dioritic rim. It has been emplaced into the Upper Malartic Group
rocks. Numerous other smaller intrusions, including gabbro-diorite sills of possible
sub-volcanic origin and younger feldspar porphyry dykes, occur throughout the
region.
The area has undergone a complex structural evolution that consists of a dominant
steep east-west foliation, overprinting both volcanic and sedimentary rocks, and an
overall east-west arrangement of most lithological units resulting from a north-south
shortening across the belt.
Abundant shear zones, parallel to the structural trend, are present in the district and
have been grouped into three orders of shearing. First-order shear zones are
represented by the Larder LakeCadillac Break, a complex high-strain zone reaching
1 km in thickness and at least 200 km long. The zone has an overall east-west strike
and dips steeply north. Second-order shear zones are typically 1 to 10 km long and
10 to 100 m wide. They have steep to subvertical dips, and vary in strike from
southeast in the western part of the district to east-west in the eastern part. Thirdorder shear zones, which are the most abundant, are a few metres thick and reach 1
km in length. They strike northwest to northeast and dip between 35 and 75 to the
north or to the south. These third-order shears formed a large-scale interconnected
plumbing system that at some stage in the structural evolution of the district resulted
in extensive gold deposition.
7.2.
Local Geology
The geology of the two mines was originally thought to be much more complex than
it now appears, with a considerable volume of research over the past 30 years
clarifying a number of significant questions. Many of the intrusive lithologies
differentiated in the geological legends of the two mines are phases of the same rock
units, and the volcanics can most likely be divided into 4 or 5 subformations.
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Figure 7.3 presents a simplified geological map of the area around the Sigma and
Lamaque deposits, and Figure 7.4 shows a simplified vertical cross-section through
the Sigma-Lamaque (includes Sigma Mine and Lamaque #2 Mine), and Main
Lamaque showing the configuration of the shear zone and vein network.
Figure 7.3 Simplified geology map for the Sigma and Lamaque deposits.
Modified from Sauv et al. (1993).
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Figure 7.4 Simplified vertical cross section of the Sigma and Lamaque
mine. A: Cross section looking east through the Sigma mine (modified from
Robert and Brown, 1986). B: Cross section looking west through the
Lamaque main mine (modified from Wilson, 1948). C: Cross section looking
north through the Lamaque No. 2 mine (from Bdard, 1979).
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7.2.1.
7.2.1.1.
Volcanic rocks
The volcanics strike east and dip steeply south with tops facing south. They consist
of tuffs, lapilli tuffs and agglomerates, mixed with andesite flows and flow breccias.
The entire package has been metamorphosed to greenschist facies.
7.2.1.2.
Intrusive rocks
The main plug has been the most productive host rock in the Lamaque mine. The
plug is a roughly elliptical mass (250 m in the east-west direction, and 100 m northsouth) which plunges northeast at 70 and has been traced to a depth of 1,450 m.
The core of the plug is granodiorite (tonalite), which grades to an outer halo of quartz
diorite and finally diorite. The upper portion of the plug is surrounded by a quartz
diorite porphyry (QDP) ring dyke structure.
The diorite is medium to fine grained, dark grey and homogeneous. It has an even
distribution of hornblende and feldspar with crystals of equal size and up to 6 mm.
The granodiorite is medium grained, light coloured, siliceous and homogeneous. It is
more correctly described as a tonalite, being an intrusive rock of felsic composition
with phaneritic texture. Feldspar is present as plagioclase, with 10% or less alkali
feldspar. Quartz is present as more than 20% of the rock. Amphiboles and
pyroxenes are common accessory minerals. Biotite is also present, which suggests
that this may be a trondhjemite and related to the Bourlamaque Batholith. The west
plug variety is coarser grained than the main and east plug varieties.
Other plug-like structures which have been identified include the East, West and No.
3 mines, and the No. 4, No. 5 and Aumaque plugs.
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Figure 7.5 Geological map of the Lamaque Project, excluding the Sigma II property area
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A number of porphyry dykes have been identified and these have been arranged into
an alphabetical grouping from A to G, according to various characteristics such as
mineral composition and grain size.
The QDP is a distinct porphyry dyke that has been described as a ring dyke around
the main plug and is found only in the main plug area. It is possibly an altered phase
of main plug diorite, although it had been observed some distance (100+ m) from the
main plug. It is distinguished by its large feldspar phenocrysts, gradational/digested
contacts, considerable chlorite content and unique pale blue quartz eyes. The pale
blue quartz eyes have not been observed in any other rock type in the mine and are
the defining characteristic of the QDP.
7.2.2.
Sigma Veins
7.2.2.1.
Major veins
The main plug is cut by eight major reverse faults or ductile shear zones, sometimes
referred to as primary or P shears, which range in dip from 25 to 70 south. These
shear zones contain major gold-bearing veins with lengths in excess of 600 m and
widths from 1 to 6 m.
7.2.2.2.
Lesser veins
Between the major shear/veins, there is a series of lesser veins, in extensional
shears, sometimes referred to as Riedel R shears, which range from flat to steep.
Some 58 lesser veins have been identified and mined. These veins range in
thickness from 15 cm to 3 m and have limited extent beyond the rocks of the main
plug.
7.2.2.3.
Stockworks
Horsetail structures are developed adjacent to the major veins and to a lesser
degree adjacent to the secondary veins. These areas contain discontinuous
stringers, broad flat lenses and irregular masses of vein material. Bulk mining
methods were often employed in these areas. Thirty-two longhole stopes have been
mined in this type of environment, representing in excess of 60% of the total
production from the Lamaque mine.
7.2.2.4.
Flat veins
Type 1 flats are sub-horizontal QTC veins found in Type C and D diorite porphyry
dyke rocks (note: these are not the same as the Type C and D diorite porphyry units
found at the Sigma mine). The flat veins range from 1 cm to 15 cm wide and are
spaced from 15 cm to 2 m apart. The veins are restricted to the dyke rocks. When
multiple closely spaced veins are present, considerable tonnages can be mined.
Type 2 flats are subhorizontal QTC fracture-filling veins between two adjacent steep
shears. These flats cross lithologies but stop abruptly at the shears. They can extend
200 to 300 m.
Type 3 flats are subhorizontal QTC veins that cross all lithologies and steep sheared
veins, and are known to extend as far as 300 m. When a flat crosses a shear (30 cm
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to 1 m wide), the shear will generally carry ore values for 3 to 6 m above and below
the intersection.
7.2.3.
7.2.3.1.
Volcanic rocks
There are three groups of volcanic rocks identified at the Sigma mine: north flows,
north tuffs and pillowed and massive flows.
The north flows are composed of basalts, basic tuffs and occasional ultramafics. The
rocks are well foliated and occasionally intruded by narrow, steeply dipping feldspar
porphyry dykes.
The north tuffs is a unit 300 to 450 m thick, consisting of intermediate lapilli tuffs,
crystal tuffs, banded tuffs and tuff-agglomerates. Foliation is well developed and is
parallel to the bedding. Porphyry dykes are present but have no significance for orebearing structures.
The pillowed and massive flows are the most commonly seen volcanics in the mine.
These are intermediate flows ranging in texture from uniform to brecciated with felsic
fragments, to pillows of andesitic composition with well-developed regional foliation.
A fragmental tuffaceous agglomerate variety generally contains porphyritic fragments
but can also include volcanic flow fragments. The agglomerate is found in the
southeast. It extends into the Lamaque No. 2 mine area and also forms a welldefined band to the north and west of the mine. The volcanics generally strike eastwest and dip steeply north. The main mineralized area is found within this unit.
7.2.3.2.
Intrusive rocks
The earliest intrusive was designated Type C diorite porphyry. This is a composite
stock of irregular outline which increases in size with depth and is generally dioritic in
composition. It is porphyritic, with 1 to 4 mm euhedral to subhedral buff-coloured
feldspar phenocrysts in a medium to dark green aphanitic matrix. Phenocrysts
comprise 30 to 50% of the rock. It includes acid (Type Ca), basic (Type Cb) and
intermediate (Type Cm) rock types with distinctly porphyritic phases and fine-grained
sections containing large inclusions of partly digested volcanic fragments. The
intrusive appears darker with depth due to increasing biotite content. Also, primary
sulphides show an increase of pyrrhotite over pyrite with depth. This intrusive is often
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so similar to the volcanics that it can only be distinguished from the volcanics by not
exhibiting the regional schistosity found in the volcanics.
This intrusive body is central to the Sigma vein system and was described by Audet
(1980) as a stock-feeder-dyke complex of intrusive porphyry which is of critical
importance because the vein systems are unproductive outside its zone of influence.
This unit has been often referred to as the Sigma Plug. The intrusive body
terminates abruptly against the north shear and extends well into the Lamaque
South property to the south.
The Type D diorite porphyry is an andesite porphyry that is younger than the Type C
and older than the Type G. This dyke has been observed in sharp contact with the
later Type G porphyry. It can be up to 10 m wide, has a general east-west strike and
dips steeply south. The Sigma Type D diorite porphyry is equivalent to Lamaque
Type C. Fresh samples are a medium-grained dark gray rock with abundant white
feldspar phenocrysts.
The Type G diorite porphyry is thought to be the youngest dyke and is a feldspar
porphyry dyke of granodiorite composition. The Type G dyke cuts through the
volcanics and the Type C porphyry. These are the youngest pre-mineralization units
in the mine, and do not display the regional foliation found in all earlier rocks. This
dyke generally ranges from 1 to 7 m in width, averaging 5 m, but can be up to 15 m
wide locally. Type G dykes have a general east-west strike and dip steeply south,
and are equivalent to Lamaque Type G.
Type G is similar to Type C but can be distinguished by larger 3 to 10 mm euhedral
to subhedral feldspar phenocrysts. Phenocrysts make up only 5 to 20% of the rock.
Currently, no descriptions are available for Sigma types A, B, E and F diorite
porphyries.
The diabase dykes (lamprophyre var. camptonite) at the Sigma mine are postmineralization and cut all vein types. They have a maximum width of 5 m, strike
north-south and dip steeply west.
7.2.3.3.
Structural geology
The rocks have been subjected to complex stresses resulting in shearing, faulting,
folding and fracturing. S-type drag-folds in the narrow intrusive dykes have been
observed in several locations in the Sigma mine and they appear to have an easterly
plunge.
Post-mineralization faulting is quite extensive. Angles of intersection with the veins
have a wide variation, and displacements of a few centimetres to several metres are
common. A number of these faults also cut the diabase dykes and have been noted
to contain calcite.
Shear zones range in width from a few inches to several metres and are the
dominant structural feature within the mine. The Highway Shear has been traced to a
depth of 1,500 m with widths of 10 m. At depth, this shear bifurcates into several
smaller parallel shears. The Highway Shear has been estimated to have a post-
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mineralization vertical displacement of 400 m, with the south side up and the lateral
movement unknown.
The North Shear parallels the South Shear at the contact between the north flows
and the north tuffs. This shear is well developed in places and difficult to recognize in
others as it rarely exceeds 1 m in width.
Some 25 major south-dipping shear zones have been identified. These shears strike
east-west and dip south at 60 to 70, and then roll to 45 to 50 as they approach
the Highway Shear (indicating south side up). This system of shears appears to have
acted as the pathway for mineralizing fluids and as the dilation zones that now host
the veins.
Slickensides are common within shear zones and veins, giving a sense and direction
of movement.
Recently, a Riedel shear model has been applied to the Sigma shear/vein system
with considerable success. The shear system has been classed as a brittle-ductile
shear zone. This type of shear zone development typically forms in the crust at
depths between 5 to 10 km, and has an angle between conjugate shears that ranges
from 60 to 90.
7.2.4.
7.2.4.1.
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The south shear is a near-vertical east-west shear along the south side of the Sigma
mine area. It is significant in that, as mineral-bearing shears approach the south
shear, they weaken and die out, although, as each shear dies out, another mineralbearing shear down-dip and en-echelon to the north will usually contain QTC vein
material.
Figure 7.7 Shear zone in the Sigma open pit, showing quartz-carbonate veins
and underground workings. Photograph taken during Micons site visit in May,
2013.
7.2.4.2.
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Stringer grades vary considerably, with wall rock alteration and pyrite content
indicating higher grades.
7.2.4.3.
7.2.4.4.
Flats generally carry some of the highest grades mined and tend to have the highest
grade near the vertical shears.
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Wall rock alteration varies from weak to intense for up to 0.5 m on either side of the
flat veins. Within the Type C and D porphyry, host alteration is nearly total with
minerals converted to albite, quartz, carbonate, sericite and pyrite; within other rock
types alteration is less developed. The gold content is usually a function of alteration
and pyrite content; gold content is thus highest in highly altered rocks with abundant
pyrite.
7.2.5.
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vein structures, vein complexes and stockwork zones. The twelve zones are as
follows:
Parallel Zone;
Fortune Zone;
No. 4 Plug;
No. 5 Plug (including No. 35 Veins);
No. 3 Mine (including No. 1 and 2 veins);
Triangle Zone;
South Triangle Zone;
Mylamaque Zone;
No.4 Vein;
No. 6 Vein;
Sixteen Zone;
Sigma Zone.
The six known gold deposits are grouped into the North, South and West clusters.
The North cluster consists of the Parallel and Fortune zones, but also the exploration
targets known as the No. 5 Plug and No. 3 Mine. The South cluster consists of the
No. 4 Plug, Triangle, and South Triangle zones. The West cluster consists of the
Sixteen Zone and No. 6 Vein.
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Figure 7.10 Lamaque South property geology and mineralized zones (from Beauregard et al., 2011)
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alteration, the possibility that some of these rocks represent flows or synvolcanic
intrusions cannot be ruled out.
The volcano-sedimentary rocks have been metamorphosed to lower greenschist
facies (quartz + sericite + albite + chlorite + carbonate + actinolite + chloritoid). Scott
et al. (2002) reports that all flow units of the Val-dOr Formation have undergone
silicification, sericitization and carbonatization to some degree, probably as a
function of their original porosity. Throughout the drill logs prepared by Teck for the
Golden Pond and Tundra JVs, various types and extents of alteration are
documented. In most cases, the alteration is described as immediately peripheral, or
as enveloping quartz-tourmaline veins in either volcanics or intermediate porphyritic
rocks.
The volcanics, on a regional scale, strike east-west to northeast-southwest and dip
steeply to the north or south. Robert and Brown (1986) state that for units south of
the Bourlamaque Batholith, bedding is overturned with younging directions mainly to
the south. At the regional scale and on the property, an east-west, steeply dipping
tectonic fabric superimposed on the volcanic rocks obscures bedding in the
volcanics. Tecks latest geological compilation maps by Madon (1987) show very few
stratigraphic orientations. Most of the measurements for orientation on outcrops are
for schistosity, which is shown to be steeply dipping to vertical. Rarely are bedding
attitudes shown. The few primary attitudes that have been mapped are contacts
between volcanic rocks of contrasting texture and these often do not appear to
parallel the strike of interpreted stratigraphy. Interpreted stratigraphy also does not
always appear to parallel the trend of magnetic horizons.
Patton (1988) suggested that the volcanic rocks may be tightly folded, with the
"plugs" located at the fold noses. Tight folding would be compatible with the regional
interpretation. Patton also suggested that the "plugs" are in fact folded, with
thickened sills or dykes occurring in the fold noses. Burrows and Spooner (1989)
also suggested that the plugs represented the coalescence of parallel dykes.
7.2.6.
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Between 1987 and 1988, Alotta Resources Ltd (Alotta) dewatered and sampled the
mine and completed a total of 7,941 m of surface and underground drilling. Alotta
estimated the indicated resources to be 89,360 t at a grade of 6.03 g/t Au. This
historical mineral resource was reported in the Qubec assessment work files, but is
not NI 43-101 compliant. There has been no recent assessment of the Aumaque
property.
In both cases, the historical mineral resource estimates (1949 and 1988) should be
viewed as estimates that do not comply with the current CIM definitions and
standards, and thus should not be relied upon. The historical estimates indicate the
presence of gold mineralization related to the Aumaque mine property that may
warrant further exploration at a future date.
At the western end of the property and extending onto the Lamaque South property,
there is an untested diorite plug similar to plugs No. 4 and No. 5 at Lamaque. It has
been previously suggested that the known veins may extend into this plug, with the
result that fractured and mineralized systems similar to those mined at Lamaque
may have developed.
Mineralization consists of quartz veins and lenses in pods of massive sulphides that
contain pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena and tetrahedrite. Gold occurs as
visible gold and as tellurides in the quartz veins. Alteration and the presence of
fuchsite in sericite schist generally indicate a high gold content.
7.2.7.
7.2.7.1.
7.2.7.2.
New Bidlamaque
The New Bidlamaque project consists of 65.82 ha and 5 mineral claims on which
gold was discovered in 1933. The property was subsequently developed, with a 120-
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m shaft and 610 m of lateral development on levels at 45, 75 and 115 m. Exploration
consisted of 127 surface diamond drill holes. Surface exploration indicated a mineral
zone 168 m long and 1.52 m wide that contained 5.35 g/t gold and 1.8% copper to a
depth of 60 m. Development on the 45 m level exposed a vein 95 m long and 1.12 m
wide that contained 5.63 g/t gold and 1.72% copper. Development on the 115 m
level returned poor results. The historical mineral resource estimate, recorded in the
Qubec Minfile, dates from before 1949 and is 175,000 tonnes at 6.3 g/t gold and
1.2% copper. The estimate indicates the presence of gold and copper mineralization
that may warrant further exploration in the future.This resource is a historical estimate that
does not comply with current CIM definitions, and should not be relied upon.
The gold mineralization is in QTC veins in a shear zone within felsic to ultramafic
volcanics. Alteration within the shear consists of chloritization, talc, serpentine and
actinolite. Copper mineralization is in the form of chalcopyrite. Accessory minerals
include disseminated pyrite and pyrrhotite.
7.2.7.3.
Union Gold
The Union Gold project consists of 363.3 ha and 22 mineral claims. The mineralized
zone is 50 cm wide and is associated with a strong 5 m wide shear zone cutting
ultramafic lavas and marking the contact with a gabbro. The principal lithology is a
suite of intermediate volcanics of the Jacola Formation.
Mineralization consists of disseminated pyrite and pyrrhotite with traces of
chalcopyrite and bornite in veins and stringers in an ultramafic host rock. Small
shears, often accompanied by quartz veins with pyrite, bornite and chalcopyrite, cut
an andesite host. Quartz veins in the gabbro are barren.
7.2.8.
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Early historical ore reserve estimates reported 453,000 tonnes at a grade of 4.67
g/t gold. Placer Dome subsequently developed and mined this resource as an open
pit operation with the ore processed at the Sigma mill.
7.3.
Mineralization
Some veins are confined entirely to the intrusive rocks, whereas some of the major
veins have considerable strike and dip length beyond the intrusions. Additionally,
several major veins have no direct relationship to any intrusive bodies. All veins form
boudin structures and can pinch down to a simple shear structure; however, it has
been found that dilation can develop at any point along these shear structures with a
resulting vein formation of economic length and width.
7.3.1.
Vein Material
Vein material (Fig. 7.11) consists mainly of QTC containing pyrite and scheelite.
Gold is associated with pyrite and can occur as visible specks or patches in the
quartz. Silver is also present in an Ag/Au ratio of 1 to 20.
Tourmaline can form up to 95% of the vein material. Subhorizontal veins show
tourmaline fibres cut by quartz ribbons, indicating repeated opening episodes.
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7.3.2.
Accessory Material
Minerals identified in the Lamaque mine, in addition to the main vein-forming
minerals, include ankerite, pyrite (up to 2.5% of the mill feed), pyrrhotite,
chalcopyrite, fuchsite, mariposite, lepidolite, tellurides (petzite, calaverite, krennerite,
tellurbismuth), sphalerite, magnetite and galena. Pyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite,
magnetite, sphalerite and the gold tellurides formed late in sequence of events.
7.3.3.
Alteration
Wall rock alteration varies from a few centimetres to 1 metre in thickness. There are
no hard rules about the location or frequency of alteration zones and alteration can
be present along one contact of the vein or both. The quartz-tourmaline veins
contain variable degrees of carbonate in the form of ankerite or calcite. Some degree
of alteration is always present in the veins, hence the designation QTC for the
veins. Zoned hydrothermal alteration consists of a proximal carbonate-albitecarbonate zone, commonly carrying gold values, which grades progressively
outwards into a muscovite-carbonate zone and to an outer chlorite-muscovitecarbonate halo. Chlorite, talc and fuchsite (chromium muscovite) occur to a lesser
degree, but this intense level of alteration also indicates the highest gold values
where it occurs.
Alteration chemistry within the QTC vein field, shown in Figure 7.12, exhibits
elevated calcium and potassium, and depleted sodium and magnesium. There are
also minor increases in chromium, copper and tungsten. The sodium depletion
comes from the destruction of plagioclase, with sodium incorporated into albite and
tourmaline.
Amphibole facies alteration has been observed in the lower levels of the mine,
indicating higher grade metamorphism with depth.
7.3.4.
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Century noted that the following points have been observed with respect to the vein
system:
7.3.5.
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The more significant zones of gold mineralization or deposits known on the property
contain various simple vein structures, vein complexes and stockwork zones. These
zones are listed below:
From these mineralized zones and plugs, the most significant were subdivided into
three main clusters: North Cluster (Fortune, Parallel, No. 3 Mine, No. 5 Plug); South
Cluster (No. 4 Plug, Triangle, Triangle South); West Cluster (Sixteen, No. 6 Vein).
7.3.5.1.
North Cluster
Fortune Zone
The first drill holes were completed by Kalahari in the area north of the T-06
Magnetic anomaly in 2003 and further to the north, but cut no significant
mineralization. The first hole drilled in the area in 2004, T-06-04-01, was designated
as the Forestel Zone discovery hole (now called Fortune). It intercepted a zone of
0.183 oz Au per short ton over 16.5 ft ( 5 m).
Subsequently, eight (8) additional holes were drilled to the east and west on sections
at 100-ft (30.48-m) intervals and above the up-dip projection of the original
discovery. Several of these holes intersected several zones of mineralization
comprising quartz-carbonate and quartz-tourmaline veins with fine pyrite in foliated
or tuffaceous mafic volcanics. Mineralization in holes T-06-04-06 and T-06-04-02,
and sporadic mineralization in T-06-04-08 up-dip from the original discovery, can
perhaps be correlated with the original discovery intersection. Other correlations are
more tenuous. Assuming that the Fortune Zone represents veins in a series of
steeply dipping, east-west-trending P and Riedel shears, the true widths for the
discovery zone (intersection length of ~16.5 ft or 5 m) might be on the order of 60%
of this figure, for about 10 to 12 ft (3.04 to 3.65 m).
Parallel Zone
Parallel Zone and the No. 10 Vein complex are both located northwest of the No. 3
Mine (Fig. 7.10). They consist of several subparallel en echelon pinch and swell
veins, which are hosted within a narrow tabular shear zone or corridor that cuts
across all lithological units. The vein itself generally ranges in width between 6 and
60 in (15.24 and 152.4 cm) and attains a maximum thickness of 103 in
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(approximately 261.62 cm) in drill hole G-88-8. The higher-grade portion of this vein
extends from section 111E to section 156E, a strike length of 1,150 ft (350.52 m). It
dips between 50 and 60 towards the south and has a known vertical extent of 400
ft (121.92 m) between 300 and 700 ft (91.44 and 213.36 m) below surface.
The majority of the mineralization is hosted within fine- to medium-grained diorite
with generally 1 to 3% of disseminated pyrite, locally up to 5%. Some zones are
within intermediate to mafic volcanic rocks with 1 to 3% disseminated pyrite.
The vein is hosted by a series of andesitic to dacitic flows, crystal tuffs and lapilli
tuffs. Rocks proximal to the vein are reported as silicified. The highly siliceous zones
are competent and dyke-like in shape.
The vein or vein segments are composed primarily of quartz and carbonate with
lesser amounts of tourmaline and chlorite. Pyrite is the predominant sulphide
mineral, but it is rarely present in quantities greater than 5%. In wider veins, pyrite
and gold are typically confined to the margins of the vein, while the bulk of the vein is
made up of bull quartz, carbonate fragments and tourmaline.
The most recent interpretation of the No. 10 vein system for Teck by H. Hugon
indicated that the veining is disrupted by a series of near-vertical normal faults.
These faults strike approximately east-west and have displaced the vein between 10
to 20 ft (3.48 to 6.09 m). They do not appear to be genetically related to the
mineralization since they are generally barren except in close proximity to the
veining.
No. 5 Plug
The No. 5 Plug is located in the northwest part of the tailings, approximately 500 m
northeast of the Parallel Vein Zone and 790 m north of No. 3 mine shaft, to which it
is connected by a drift on the 700-ft (213.36 m) level. The No. 5 Plug was mined,
yielding 5,572 short tons grading 0.11 oz Au/ton (5,054 t grading 3.8 g Au/t) from
workings above the 3,200-ft (975 m) level. It is located 1.5 km from the Main mine
shaft.
The No. 5 Plug is composed of fine- to medium-grained diorite, 200 to 250 m in
diameter with potential expansion at depth. It is mixed with a granodioritic intrusion.
The two intrusive units have similar competency and therefore should be equally
good hosts for gold-bearing quartz veins; however, mining was restricted to the
dioritic portion of the intrusive.
No. 3 Mine (No. 1 Vein)
The No. 1 Vein is located 300 ft (91.44 m) north of the No. 3 mine shaft, southeast of
the No. 10 vein complex (Fig. 7.10). The vein is continuous over an east-west strike
length of about 1,000 ft (304.8 m), extending from the 700 ft to 1,200 ft (213.36 to
365.76 m) levels, and dips to the south at 80. It ranges in width from 30 to 42 in
(76.2 to 106.68 cm). Potential for additional mineralization exists at depth where the
vein was intersected in four other holes. None of these, however, encountered
economic values. The auriferous zone most probably follows a plunge towards the
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east as is often observed for gold concentrations in ore shoots of the camp in
general.
The vein is composed primarily of quartz and carbonate with lesser amounts of
tourmaline. Pyrite is the predominant sulphide mineral, but is rarely present in
quantities greater than 5 to 7%.
7.3.5.2.
South Cluster
No. 4 Plug
The No. 4 Plug is located on the southeastern part of the tailing, approximately 3,500
ft (1,066.8 m) southwest of No. 3 mine shaft, to which it is connected by drifts on the
450 ft and 700 ft levels (137.16 m and 213.36 m). The No. 4 Plug was mined and
yielded 160,000 tons grading 0.152 oz Au per short ton (145,136 tonnes grading
5.21 g Au/t) from workings above the 700 ft level (213.36 m). Production for the No.
3 Mine and No. 4 Plug areas lasted from July 1961 to 1967.
The No. 4 Plug is composed of an easterly portion of fine- to medium-grained diorite
measuring 300 to 400 ft in diameter (106.68 to 121.92 m). It is enveloped on the
west side by a granodioritic intrusion, which extends to the west for an additional 275
ft (83.82 m). The two intrusive units have similar competency and therefore should
be equally good hosts for gold-bearing quartz veins; however, mining was restricted
to the dioritic portion of the intrusive.
The intrusions are cut by a series of near-vertical shears striking 70 to 90 and
dipping 70 to 85 to the south. The best developed of these shears is the No. 6
fault/shear. It has a dextral displacement of approximately 200 ft (60.96 m) and
vertical displacement of 60 to 80 ft (18.28 to 24.38 m). The vertical shears have
probably produced the brittle (Riedel) shears and tension fractures, which are
believed to be the conduits along which the gold-bearing solutions migrated.
The quartz veins are hosted by three dominant structural features: a) ductile "P"
shears; b) brittle "Riedel" or "R" shears; and c) tension veins.
The best mineralization is interpreted as occurring in a series of stacked, tabular
subhorizontal bodies of minimum mining width interpreted to be tension veins.
Triangle Zone
The Triangle Zone was discovered by drill testing an ovoid shaped magnetic
anomalous zone which corresponded to a younger dioritic intrusion. The anomalous
zone extends both east and west over a strike length of 393 m and is 785 m wide. In
drill core, the mineralized veins occur as part of a related vein cluster within the
fractured and altered zones of the tonalite, which intrudes the surrounding
intermediate to mafic volcanic rocks (mostly lapilli and blocky tuffs, undifferentiated
pyroclastic and basalt). North of the Triangle Zone, two other similar ovoid shaped
anomalous magnetic zones are believed to correspond to mineralized intrusions.
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South Triangle Zone
The South Triangle Zone was discovered by drill testing an ovoid shaped magnetic
anomalous zone which corresponded to intermediate volcanic units with magnetite
and pyrrhotite. The auriferous zone is not this ovoid anomaly but an auriferous
quartz-carbonate-tourmaline-pyrite vein with free gold within blocky and lapilli tuff.
This zone was recognized over 100 m east-west and 50 m at depth.
7.3.5.3.
West Cluster
Vein No. 6
Vein No. 6 is located approximately 2,000 ft (609.6 m) west of the No. 1 Main shaft
(Fig. 7.10). The vein has an east-west strike length of about 800 ft (243.84 m). Veins
interpreted to be tension veins dip at about 50. Steeper dipping veins (75) are
interpreted to be hosted in Reidel shears.
The vein is hosted by a series of massive andesite or dacite, crystal tuffs and lapilli
tuffs, with several feldspar porphyry dykes. Generally a series of shear zones with
vein injections cut across the dykes and tuffs. The vein itself generally ranges in
width between 2.54 and 76.2 cm.
The veins are composed primarily of quartz and carbonate with lesser amounts of
tourmaline and chlorite. Pyrite is the predominant sulphide mineral, but is rarely
present in quantities greater than 5%.
Sixteen Zone
The Sixteen Zone was named for the T-16 magnetic anomaly defined in a
geophysical compilation from 1986. It is located in the western part of the property,
just north of the southern By-Pass road (Fig. 7.10). This zone is oriented roughly
east-west and has a strike length of 800 ft (243.84 m). The zone is a system of
quartz-tourmaline-pyrite veins and associated alteration, within a steeply northdipping, east-northeast trending, feldspar porphyry granodiorite dyke. The host dyke
carries 15-20% medium-grained, subhedral to euhedral, zoned feldspar phenocrysts
in a sericitic, light grey, aphanitic matrix. In general, foliation is weak but becomes
strong to intense in the vicinity of the veins. This dyke, which can be up to 400 ft
(121.92 m) wide, is one of several in a swarm that has intruded the surrounding lapilli
to blocky tuff, and the dyke probably extends the length of the property.
Within the property the mineralized zones are defined as structurally controlled
mesothermal deposits, which are typical of the Abitibi Greenstone Belt and abundant
in other Archean greenstone belts around the world. The gold-bearing quartztourmaline veins are young in geologic age and cut all rock types, including irregular
intrusive (diorite) bodies affected by regional deformation and greenschist grade
metamorphism. In the Sixteen Zone, most of the gold intersection was in a
porphyritic diorite and porphyritic granodiorite, with 1 to 5% of pyrite in quartztourmaline-sericite-carbonate veins.
The quartz-tourmaline veins dip shallowly to the north and are usually confined to the
core of the granodiorite dyke, although occasionally they are seen along the
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Several zones of mineralization (No. 35 Vein, North Shear and South Shear) located
north of and/or within the No. 5 Plug were drilled by the Teck-Tundra JV from 1986
to 1988. Numerous other zones of mineralization have been reported or intersected
on the property. Many of these zones were defined by intersections described in pre1988 drill holes. In order to use this older data, a review of the older drill hole logs
and a creation of a digital database is required so that the intersections can be
plotted on plan and section. These zones, and new zones such as the Sigma Zone,
will also be validated and verified with additional drilling, and eventually evaluated
with definition drilling to allow resource calculations to be completed.
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8.
DEPOSIT TYPES
The following section (item 8) is taken directly from the report titled Technical Report
and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project (according
to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27, 2015,
prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015).
Historical records show that gold in the Val-dOr area has been a significant
exploration target since the early 1920s. The majority of these discoveries, including
the Sigma and Lamaque deposits, are sulphide-poor quartz veins or quartzcarbonate-tourmaline (QTC) veins hosted within shear zones and contacts in
greenstone-facies metamorphic rock units.
The regional geological settings of the Lamaque Project are favourable for
greenstone-hosted quartz-carbonate vein deposits, a subtype of lode gold deposits.
They are also known as mesothermal gold deposits, orogenic lode gold deposits,
shear-zone-related quartz-carbonate or gold-only deposits (Roberts, 1987). The
deposits occur as quartz and quartz-carbonate veins, with valuable amounts of gold
and silver in faults and shear zones located within deformed terranes of ancient to
recent greenstone belts.
According to Robert et al (2005), distinctive features of this deposit type are:
The Lamaque and Sigma deposits are located along the Cadillac Break, which is a
major prolific gold producing area across the Canadian provinces of Qubec and
Ontario. The Cadillac Break is part of a complex shear-fault system that extends
across the Abitibi Greenstone Belt from Matachewan through Kirkland Lake and ValdOr. In the Malartic-Val-dOr area, the break is more complex than further west,
forming a system of faults and shear zones in a belt some 6 km wide. All of the
developed gold deposits are located north of the Cadillac Break.
The mineralizing system at Lamaque has been traced over 3,000 m east-west, 2,700
m north-south and to a depth of 1,900 m. Many mineralized areas within the system
are open on both strike and dip.
Volcanism in the region has been dated at 2,705 million years. K-Ar dating of the
biotite found in the QTC veins has placed the mineralizing events at 2,429 50
million years. This places the gold mineralizing event(s) well after volcanic activity
ceased.
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The QTC veins occur in low to medium grade metamorphic rocks with brittle-ductile
rock behaviour. The gold occurs in the QTC veins or as disseminations immediately
adjacent in the altered wall rocks. The distribution of tourmaline within the
mineralized zones and the volcanic rocks, adjacent to the Bourlamaque Batholith,
suggests that the batholith was potentially the source of the gold.
The Sigma and Lamaque gold deposit has been classed as a greenstone-hosted
shear zone-related quartz carbonate vein deposit. These types of gold deposits are
formed in a deep environment associated with a major shear zone. Very often they
are volcanic-hosted, with ribboned quartz veins and carbonate alteration. Figure 8.1
is a schematic diagram illustrating the typical setting for a greenstone-hosted quartzcarbonate vein deposit.
Micon has observed and discussed the exploration programs during its various site
visits to the Lamaque Project over the years. Micon notes that the exploration
programs have been planned and executed on the basis of the deposit model
discussed above. For the most part, drilling was planned and executed to cross-cut
the specific mineralization style being targeted, but due to the complex orientation of
the different styles of mineralization, the drill holes will generally cut across other
styles of mineralization as well.
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9.
EXPLORATION
9.1.
9.2.
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10.
DRILLING
10.1.
Zone
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
PRS-14-01
Parallel Ramp
(Sigma)
294823.90
5330630.13
328.74
358.3
-49.6
236.69
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10.2.1.
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
TMS-13-01
296382.48
5327881.02
325.10
357.83
-47.60
440.90
TMS-13-02
296382.53
5327880.40
324.95
358.24
-63.92
541.12
TMS-13-03
296777.56
5327862.33
325.67
349.64
-57.94
575.64
TMS-13-04
296505.91
5327946.93
329.04
358.18
-54.40
434.42
TMS-13-05
296375.76
5328146.15
327.25
2.77
-51.00
1,079.76
TMS-13-06
296315.87
5328139.39
323.30
359.80
-56.10
1,163.10
TMS-13-07
296451.11
5328122.50
327.00
358.30
-53.42
1,138.36
TMS-13-08
296451.11
5328121.98
326.98
356.10
-70.92
468.20
TMS-13-09
296449.00
5328123.00
320.00
32.90
-54.90
15.11
TMS-13-09A
296450.73
5328121.87
326.99
18.51
-53.13
375.09
TMS-13-10
296450.59
5328121.62
326.96
17.72
-62.95
386.90
TMS-13-11
296448.00
5328129.00
320.00
350.50
-65.80
15.00
TMS-13-11A
296449.56
5328130.98
326.69
354.46
-65.55
332.07
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Figure 10.1 Location of diamond drill holes on the South Triangle zone
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10.2.2.
No. 3 Mine
Between June and end of December 2013, twelve (12) diamond drill holes were
completed in the No. 3 mine area for a total of 4,784.67 m, with the objective of
exploring historical veins No. 1 and No. 2 at depth, and confirming historical gold
values reported by previous operators. Table 10.3a presents the technical
parameters of each drill hole, and Figure 10.2 shows the drill hole locations. No
resources estimation was done yet for this zone.
Between January 7 and February 10, 2015, five (5) diamond drill holes were
completed in the No. 3 mine area for a total of 2,163.7 m, with the objective of
exploring historical veins No. 1 and No. 2 at depth, and confirming historical gold
values reported by previous operators. Table 10.3b presents the technical
parameters of each drill hole, and Figure 10.2 shows the drill hole locations.
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
M3-13-01
295408.51
5329510.73
324.05
359.17
-71.33
180.14
M3-13-01A
295408.29
5329496.98
323.83
0.03
-70.87
89.82
M3-13-02
295548.67
5329488.45
323.19
357.54
-70.45
482.54
M3-13-03
295190.00
5329510.00
320.00
353.30
-73.20
84.05
M3-13-03A
295183.13
5329506.34
324.84
358.06
-71.66
563.13
M3-13-04
295183.28
5329506.85
324.85
0.35
-54.80
405.72
M3-13-05
295240.82
5329487.92
324.62
357.83
-71.06
501.00
M3-13-06
295240.83
5329488.58
324.46
356.56
-53.36
439.68
M3-13-07
295292.93
5329441.53
324.48
355.97
-49.42
461.23
M3-13-08
295342.79
5329453.52
324.42
356.97
-63.09
473.85
M3-13-09
295482.95
5329432.01
323.64
1.76
-48.66
492.76
M3-13-10
295482.91
5329431.58
323.66
0.91
-60.35
610.75
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
M3-15-01
295425.00
5329467.00
324.00
355.1
-75.3
399.30
M3-15-02
295400.00
5329418.00
324.00
4.4
-64.1
353.88
M3-15-03
295375.00
5329420.00
324.00
357.9
-59.8
449.99
M3-15-04
295350.00
5329400.00
324.00
358.4
-64.9
501.16
M3-15-05
295325.00
5329450.00
324.00
358.2
-59.8
459.37
The main lithologies encountered in the No. 3 Mine area were diorite sills with local
occurrences of small feldspar porphyry dykes. Generally chloritized, sericitized and
silicified, the units are also sheared and fractured. Several mineralized veins with
trace to 5% pyrite were logged, with lengths varying between 0.5 cm and 100 cm.
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Figure 10.2 Location of diamond drill holes in the No. 3 mine area
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10.2.3.
Parallel Zone
During the fall of 2013, forty (40) diamond drill holes were completed in the Parallel
Zone with a total of 12,589.14 m drilled, with the objectives of exploring the depth
extension of the zone and completing the definition drilling. Table 10.4 presents the
technical parameters of each drill hole and Figure 10.3 displays the drill holes
location.
Table 10.4 2013 technical parameters on the Parallel Zone
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
PV-13-01
294801.48
5329993.25
328.75
331.72
-72.70
613.69
PV-13-02
294901.33
5330096.22
327.36
327.41
-72.31
645.11
PV-13-03
294901.18
5330096.33
327.31
328.22
-65.14
588.00
PV-13-04
294952.48
5329884.93
327.49
325.93
-58.97
667.29
PV-13-05
294792.80
5330162.60
173.00
345.60
-73.10
400.18
PV-13-06
294830.40
5330105.10
123.00
329.20
-68.70
363.37
PV-13-07
295123.00
5330074.80
77.90
342.10
-72.20
462.81
PV-13-08
295012.00
5330062.40
91.80
345.30
-73.20
524.12
PV-13-09
294917.91
5330032.95
327.60
348.95
-66.41
515.62
PV-13-10
294959.47
5330079.20
327.16
345.64
-68.50
530.88
PV-13-11
294985.71
5330100.45
327.43
346.60
-63.31
231.60
PV-13-12
294777.82
5329790.96
328.81
349.98
-65.44
636.39
PV-13-13
294825.78
5329999.44
328.28
350.85
-55.56
256.22
PV-13-14
294898.47
5329994.81
328.18
341.58
-66.64
288.69
PV-13-15
294996.23
5330116.38
327.74
340.66
-53.23
151.62
PV-13-16
295000.00
5330046.01
327.23
348.27
-52.06
253.45
PV-13-17
295000.18
5330020.55
327.43
344.19
-48.50
216.78
PV-13-18
294880.77
5330022.19
327.79
347.44
-64.23
225.21
PV-13-19
294850.04
5330029.13
328.45
347.55
-59.81
210.53
PV-13-20
295002.12
5329964.03
327.28
342.61
-50.87
264.41
PV-13-21
295023.90
5329969.81
327.13
349.89
-52.90
246.71
PV-13-22
295049.43
5329980.03
327.06
345.51
-47.32
318.25
PV-13-23
295020.48
5330120.61
327.63
337.91
-50.11
174.42
PV-13-24
294824.56
5330114.53
332.52
357.27
-50.38
168.27
PV-13-25
294844.64
5330104.49
331.60
346.04
-63.29
198.29
PV-13-26
294872.93
5330097.59
328.31
347.64
-58.14
210.49
PV-13-27
294922.34
5330061.93
327.53
347.29
-53.82
282.54
PV-13-28
295048.53
5330074.62
327.69
337.93
-59.30
231.79
PV-13-29
294935.20
5330037.49
327.39
349.42
-54.36
249.52
PV-13-30
294973.30
5330104.93
327.34
347.13
-51.71
192.58
PV-13-31
295078.07
5330076.42
327.30
346.07
-56.66
234.49
PV-13-32
295075.00
5330065.00
326.80
344.40
-57.80
247.53
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East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
PV-13-33
294926.03
5330002.87
327.92
342.28
-65.48
276.17
PV-13-34
295079.43
5329997.18
326.75
345.13
-59.77
52.90
PV-13-35
295097.29
5330009.37
326.83
338.00
-54.50
272.78
PV-13-36
294920.81
5329979.01
327.83
339.08
-65.06
276.11
PV-13-37
295099.99
5329992.68
326.92
353.45
-59.97
269.40
PV-13-38
295125.00
5329965.00
326.40
343.60
-60.00
38.70
PV-13-38A
295124.20
5329972.23
326.40
347.59
-59.93
284.00
PV-13-39
294973.68
5329960.22
327.71
344.03
-52.92
318.23
The drill holes were completed to verify the lateral and depth extensions of some of
the best results obtained in 20102011. Drill holes intersected gabbro-diorite
intrusive units with alternating metre-scale bands of felsic to intermediate volcanics
of rhyolitic to dacitic composition. Locally silicification and sericitization are present.
Shearing is observed within the gabbro-diorite accompanied with intense
chloritization, local fracturing, brecciation and pyritization (pyrite content from 2 to
3%; locally to 1015%). Locally, pyrrhotite is present with similar proportions as
pyrite. The gabbro-diorite host is weakly to moderately magnetic. Several quartzcarbonate veins were sampled, the thickest being 15 to 20 cm.
Integra Gold used appropriate QA/QC protocols, employing duplicates, blanks and
standards. A total of 5,438 core samples and 749 QA/QC control samples were
collected for a total sampled length of 5,364.52 m (43% of total drill hole core length).
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Figure 10.3 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Parallel Zone
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10.2.4.
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
SX-04-18-EXT
292 366.30
5 329 609.79
324.11
112.3
-85.5
51.00
SX-04-19-EXT
292 393.38
5 329 608.97
323.70
93.8
-84.4
80.36
SX-04-31-EXT
292 364.62
5 329 625.91
324.12
73.9
-83.7
51.00
SX-10-01
292 314.71
5 329 562.31
324.59
330.5
-69.1
276.00
SX-10-02
292 276.66
5 329 613.23
324.72
81.8
-64.4
303.00
SX-10-03
292 363.71
5 329 593.30
324.26
95.0
-55.2
150.00
SX-10-04
292 396.62
5 329 556.00
324.14
341.0
-70.7
282.00
SX-10-05
292 450.03
5 329 596.58
324.88
53.8
-81.9
102.00
SX-10-06
292 373.04
5 329 712.55
323.29
164.9
-45.2
201.00
SX-10-07
292 543.67
5 329 742.04
323.12
160.2
-51.6
252.00
SX-10-08
292 631.76
5 329 788.77
321.65
153.6
-54.7
252.00
SX-10-09
292 650.34
5 329 582.35
322.75
338.4
-58.4
252.00
SX-10-10
292 339.19
5 329 568.68
324.51
344.5
-68.7
282.00
SX-10-11
292 381.72
5 329 562.59
324.00
344.0
-68.0
282.00
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
V6-12-01
293465.00
5330061.00
320.00
359.7
-52
300.00
V6-12-02
293465.00
5330061.00
320.00
358.8
-60
318.00
V6-12-03
293265.00
5330061.00
320.00
357.1
-52
471.00
V6-12-04
293265.00
5330061.00
320.00
359.5
-64
305.92
V6-12-05
293515.00
5330061.00
320.00
4.5
-52
250.00
V6-12-06
293515.00
5330061.00
320.00
359.4
-59
306.06
V6-12-07
293320.00
5330004.00
320.00
358.6
-54
330.00
V6-12-08
293320.00
5330004.00
320.00
352.7
-63
32.22
V6-12-08A
293320.00
5330004.00
320.00
351.4
-67
30.00
V6-12-08B
293320.00
5330004.00
320.00
3.9
-64
381.00
V6-12-09
293420.00
5330010.00
320.00
8.2
-56
24.05
V6-12-09A
293420.00
5330010.00
320.00
355.2
-50
369.00
V6-12-10
293420.00
5330010.00
320.00
6.5
-64
258.93
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Drill Hole #
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
V6-12-11
293320.00
5330004.00
320.00
0.9
-73
432.49
V6-12-12
293320.00
5329985.00
320.00
8.0
-74
21.00
V6-12-12A
293320.00
5329985.00
320.00
2.9
-71
149.84
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Figure 10.4 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Sixteen Zone
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Figure 10.5 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on No. 6 Vein
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10.2.5.
Drill hole #
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m) Overburden
TMC-14-01
296054.42
5328493.54
322.53
3.0
-59.2
293.30
21.00
TMC-14-03
295951.82
5328595.35
323.57
1.6
-54.5
101.84
4.40
TMC-14-04
295802.78
5328678.15
328.34
0.4
-53.9
114.34
2.79
TMC-14-05
295709.44
5328731.78
324.01
6.1
-58.5
110.87
15.35
TMC-14-06
295803.45
5328787.27
327.95
1.5
-56.1
116.74
4.30
TMC-14-07
295700.28
5328585.36
323.89
1.6
-54.5
110.58
9.20
TMC-14-08
295582.04
5328677.03
325.42
358.9
-56.1
125.41
3.26
TMC-14-09
295673.99
5328794.46
323.85
4.8
-54.8
353.12
6.30
During the diamond drill program fromJanuary 2014 to February 2015, Integra Gold
completed seventy-three (73) diamond drill holes on the Triangle Zone for a total
length of 25,640.41 m (2014) and 4,783.41 m (2015). The aim of this program was to
verify the depth and southern extensions of some of the mineralized envelopes
previously defined during the previous campaign. Technical parameters are
presented in Tables 10.6b and 10.6c, and drill hole locations are provided in Figure
10.6.
The main lithologies reported in drill core from the Triangle Zone are lapilli and block
tuffs with several dioritic intrusions. Generally, tuffaceous units are chloritized and
sericitized, locally carbonated, sheared and fractured. Faults are locally observed.
Several mineralized veins were noted, varying in length from 0.5 cm to 130 cm, with
trace to 5% pyrite (locally up to 10%), and very locally trace to 2% chalcopyrite. The
veins are made up of quartz-carbonate-tourmaline and/or sericite-feldspar; epidote
and calcite.
Integra Gold used appropriate QA/QC protocols, employing duplicates, blanks and
standards. In 2014, a total of 12,319 core samples and 1,714 QA/QC control
samples were collected for a total sampled length of 11,593.89 m (45% of total drill
hole core length). In 2015, a total of 1,326 core samples and 185 QA/QC control
samples were collected for a total sampled length of 1,535.97 m (28% of total drill
hole core length).
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East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
TM-14-01
296573.81
5328330.03
322.72
359.9
-63.8
401.72
TM-14-02
296548.64
5328286.65
322.86
355.4
-55.1
478.54
TM-14-03
296500.00
5328320.00
322.86
354.9
-55.0
41.22
TM-14-03A
296489.72
5328322.83
322.86
358.7
-56.2
705.03
TM-14-04
296472.23
5328329.02
322.97
352.0
-61.0
390.87
TM-14-05
296456.65
5328333.79
323.01
1.9
-70.7
337.46
TM-14-06
296423.23
5328556.08
321.89
1.1
-49.4
345.17
TM-14-07
296430.44
5328332.66
322.91
358.7
-65.3
474.94
TM-14-08A
296397.14
5328601.79
321.87
2.9
-62.6
488.36
TM-14-09
296351.54
5328330.86
322.69
2.4
-58.8
443.14
TM-14-10
296325.00
5328365.00
322.00
360.0
-75.0
24.00
TM-14-10A
296325.24
5328360.41
322.58
350.7
-74.6
421.90
TM-14-11
296300.03
5328450.25
322.38
349.7
-55.8
573.35
TM-14-12
296250.58
5328433.14
322.24
356.5
-62.1
324.57
TM-14-13
296625.00
5328375.00
322.00
3.3
-66.7
44.93
TM-14-13A
296626.79
5328372.19
322.39
345.2
-70.4
313.72
TM-14-14
296600.86
5328346.89
322.49
357.3
-61.9
384.11
TM-14-15
296494.77
5328346.73
322.73
0.8
-52.0
373.33
TM-14-16
296577.32
5328398.13
322.61
3.8
-63.5
456.00
TM-14-17
296500.00
5328450.00
322.00
0.9
-54.1
102.96
TM-14-17A
296501.87
5328449.09
322.56
359.2
-64.5
622.05
TM-14-18
296478.30
5328434.97
322.55
1.8
-65.2
252.29
TM-14-19
296477.04
5328519.95
322.14
359.6
-73.6
625.28
TM-14-20
296453.47
5328359.01
322.96
355.2
-61.0
709.27
TM-14-21
296350.58
5328472.74
321.97
357.6
-50.9
594.03
TM-14-22
296326.46
5328412.64
322.43
357.3
-60.0
630.57
TM-14-23
296324.00
5328501.20
322.10
2.1
-51.0
560.94
TM-14-24
296300.05
5328375.02
322.60
354.6
-62.1
684.28
TM-14-25
296271.12
5328324.96
322.42
0.9
-63.6
712.94
TM-14-26
296270.97
5328325.00
322.50
358.6
-56.0
188.05
TM-14-27
296301.40
5328324.90
322.70
0.4
-60.8
352.40
TM-14-28
296252.38
5328337.27
322.56
357.5
-70.1
502.29
TM-14-29
296549.79
5328413.59
322.61
5.4
-56.6
427.00
TM-14-30
296600.96
5328440.30
322.11
3.8
-59.0
338.92
TM-14-31
296626.14
5328428.61
322.32
1.2
-62.1
426.13
TM-14-32
296399.62
5328342.74
322.55
358.2
-61.6
676.89
TM-14-33
296288.47
5328373.50
322.35
352.8
-57.1
337.21
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East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
TM-14-34
296318.56
5328365.00
322.44
354.0
-53.1
290.82
TM-14-35
296524.34
5328648.39
321.68
2.3
-67.0
474.40
TM-14-36
296375.60
5328526.28
321.99
0.9
-57.1
314.58
TM-14-37
296275.26
5328438.39
322.24
356.5
-63.4
575.19
TM-14-38
296551.30
5328370.67
322.72
355.2
-57.0
492.19
TM-14-39
296552.64
5328453.55
322.44
359.1
-48.0
376.51
TM-14-40
296301.28
5328516.53
321.92
358.1
-58.7
390.14
TM-14-41
296403.12
5328378.70
322.67
358.6
-60.1
225.34
TM-14-42
296373.98
5328378.60
322.64
4.4
-67.0
406.35
TM-14-43
296374.83
5328406.31
322.51
359.6
-63.5
628.18
TM-14-44
296458.67
5328337.65
322.78
5.6
-51.5
92.60
TM-14-45
296526.64
5328345.26
322.84
0.2
-60.5
453.59
TM-14-46
296620.20
5328470.85
322.28
357.4
-64.7
327.60
TM-14-47
296502.71
5328410.94
322.00
2.0
-57.1
79.15
TM-14-48
296499.52
5328319.86
322.94
353.4
-71.4
314.70
TM-14-49
296478.51
5328325.40
322.96
3.3
-75.9
252.04
TM-14-50
296447.78
5328356.95
322.84
183.0
-76.4
261.19
TM-14-51
296402.96
5328455.06
322.33
1.7
-61.0
657.82
TM-14-52
296398.17
5328467.00
322.00
4.5
-68.3
258.12
TM-14-53
296349.10
5328421.24
322.25
1.3
-61.2
650.83
TM-14-54
296349.16
5328420.77
322.00
357.0
-52.9
185.64
TM-14-55
296376.19
5328463.85
322.15
0.0
-62.6
529.39
TM-14-56
296601.32
5328371.44
322.59
358.3
-58.0
362.20
TM-14-57
296526.53
5328375.28
322.85
356.2
-56.7
391.38
TMG-14-01
296552.73
5328452.14
322.28
39.2
-64.1
119.30
TMG-14-02
296403.37
5328377.82
322.88
67.4
-66.9
140.40
TMC-14-02
296135.30
5328511.81
322.09
0.2
-56.0
153.83
TMC-14-10
296134.48
5328480.65
322.23
61.0
-51.3
471.07
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
TM-15-01
296275.00
5328338.00
322.00
9.4
-81.4
703.07
TM-15-02
296475.00
5328275.00
322.00
358.6
-77.3
613.14
TM-15-03
296325.00
5328360.00
322.00
183.3
-80.6
252.60
TM-15-04
296100.00
5328396.00
322.00
341.4
-71.6
558.28
TM-15-05
296375.00
5328325.00
322.00
358.1
-66.1
848.96
TM-15-06
296475.00
5328275.00
322.00
358.6
-68.0
824.96
TM-15-07
296050.00
5328411.00
322.00
359.3
-65.0
858.92
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Drill Hole No.
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
TM-15-08
296375.00
5328325.00
322.00
355.7
-75.3
879.20
TM-15-10
296700.00
5328325.00
322.00
357.0
-70.3
93.24
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Figure 10.6 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Triangle Zone
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10.2.6.
Fortune Zone
Twenty-five (25) diamond drill holes were completed in 2014 on the Fortune Zone in
order to define drilling for a new resource calculation. A total of 6,020.34 m were
drilled. Table 10.7 shows the technical parameters of this campaign, and Figure 10.7
shows the location of these drill holes.
Table 10.7 2014 Technical Parameters on the Fortune Zone
Drill hole #
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m) Overburden
FOR-14-01
296142.50
5330182.51
317.76
183.6
-42.5
251.93
9.53
FOR-14-02
296173.50
5330168.73
317.70
189.2
-52.2
201.10
16.49
FOR-14-03
296205.14
5330136.22
317.85
183.2
-53.5
231.66
12.95
FOR-14-04
296168.98
5330240.14
317.69
184.2
-57.0
300.52
15.00
FOR-14-05
296196.80
5330290.39
317.51
186.4
-67.8
297.33
8.97
FOR-14-06
295926.78
5330291.21
315.27
189.6
-46.9
303.47
15.83
FOR-14-07
295927.80
5330293.20
315.29
178.0
-60.9
417.51
6.13
FOR-14-08
295951.66
5330300.73
315.15
179.1
-47.0
477.92
9.65
FOR-14-09
296000.00
5330345.00
315.00
183.6
-46.7
32.79
8.06
FOR-14-09A
296006.95
5330347.92
314.58
181.7
-55.1
426.07
7.80
FOR-14-10
295951.55
5330301.17
315.18
167.1
-49.1
254.52
8.56
FOR-14-11
295976.37
5330263.42
315.24
183.3
-55.6
254.12
8.43
FOR-14-12
296023.12
5330317.96
315.53
177.7
-64.2
259.35
4.94
FOR-14-13
296023.02
5330317.54
315.54
177.2
-54.9
253.16
5.22
FOR-14-14
296049.18
5330262.52
316.64
179.2
-60.0
230.20
12.00
FOR-14-15
296103.64
5330238.83
317.06
186.7
-63.9
252.30
14.30
FOR-14-16
296086.75
5330217.70
317.11
178.3
-74.9
171.24
9.00
FOR-14-17
296025.77
5330218.86
316.61
180.5
-56.2
263.53
14.23
FOR-14-18
295994.32
5330138.66
323.40
183.2
-61.5
225.15
16.50
FOR-14-19
296024.54
5330111.75
323.35
1.3
-55.3
224.89
16.00
FOR-14-20
295924.74
5330157.96
323.61
0.7
-62.2
219.12
16.30
FOR-14-21
295905.41
5330193.50
323.68
182.3
-62.4
222.30
24.00
FORG-14-01
296142.54
5330182.44
317.81
130.0
-65.0
131.49
10.44
FORG-14-02
296103.66
5330238.88
316.99
210.0
-65.0
110.34
11.64
POFOR-14-02R
296080.37
5330206.54
317.31
0.0
-90.0
8.30
5.26
Integra Gold used appropriate QA/QC protocols that were previously elaborated by
Geologica, employing duplicates, blanks and standards. A total of 2,291 core
samples and 415 QA/QC control samples were collected for a total sampled length
of 2,581.79 m (43% of total drill hole core length).
In this zone, mainly lapilli tuffs and fine grained basalts and/or andesite were
intersected. They often alternate with granodiorite-diorite or gabbro. Generally the
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rocks are chloritized, sheared and fractured. Several mineralized veins were
injected, with lengths between 0.5 cm and 170 cm. The veins contain trace to 1%
pyrite, locally up to 5%, and very locally trace to 2% chalcopyrite. The veins are
composed
of
quartz-carbonate-tourmaline-chlorite
and/or
sericite-feldspar
assemblages; epidote and calcite are rare.
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Figure 10.7 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling programs on the Fortune Zone
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10.2.7.
No. 5 Plug
Seventeen (17) diamond drill holes were completed on the No. 5 Plug in 2014 in
order to verify the extension of gold values obtained in historical drill holes. A total of
4,338.40 m were drilled. Table 10.8 shows Technical Parameters of this drilling
campaign and Figure 10.8 shows the location of these drill holes. No resources
calculation was done yet for this zone.
Table 10.8 2014 Technical Parameters on Plug 5 Zone
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
P5-14-01
295326.58
5330457.16
326.81
173.7
-79.4
221.96
P5-14-02
295326.78
5330458.04
326.80
350.1
-68.8
291.13
P5-14-03
295378.68
5330425.15
326.50
2.9
-58.4
282.00
P5-14-04
295375.00
5330350.00
320.00
8.9
-64.2
50.78
P5-14-04A
295376.57
5330351.03
326.38
2.9
-61.4
344.06
P5-14-05
295351.41
5330302.55
326.49
358.7
-53.1
375.44
P5-14-06
295303.91
5330303.16
326.95
359.7
-69.7
257.94
P5-14-07
295303.73
5330303.78
326.95
1.1
-52.3
354.96
P5-14-08
295278.48
5330359.36
327.29
358.5
-49.2
239.54
P5-14-09
295277.88
5330358.04
327.36
348.6
-80.4
301.36
P5-14-10
295253.17
5330314.97
327.71
1.8
-62.7
249.70
P5-14-11
295350.76
5330352.32
326.49
357.9
-54.9
350.96
P5-14-12
295226.48
5330376.68
327.54
1.4
-79.8
240.44
P5-14-13
295225.72
5330377.15
327.59
1.3
-59.4
204.37
P5-14-14
295250.02
5330468.34
327.17
358.0
-76.9
151.07
P5-14-15
295250.82
5330386.45
327.27
0.8
-75.0
270.62
P5-14-16
295228.32
5330419.81
327.60
0.0
-55.9
152.07
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Figure 10.8 Location of diamond drill holes from 2014 diamond drilling program on No. 5 Plug
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10.2.8.
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
PR-14-01
295041.449
5330203.97
328.65
337.52
-80.32
252.24
PR-14-02
295041.43
5330204.18
328.64
339.54
-59.7
52.05
PR-14-03
295021.94
295021.94
329.67
345.96
-59.2
251.93
PR-14-04
294995.28
5330341.06
329.64
340.53
-60.18
258.67
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
PR-15-01
294883.73
5330639.13
328.33
343.17
-50.89
248.87
PR-15-02
294909.14
5330592.72
328.44
343.95
-58.6
201.21
PR-15-03
294934.56
5330527.80
328.61
342.46
-60.8
200.74
PR-15-04
294953.51
5330462.15
328.62
341.24
-60.3
201.04
PR-15-05
294971.69
5330412.65
328.82
337.28
-60.9
225.12
PR-15-05
294971.69
5330412.65
328.82
337.28
-60.9
225.12
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Figure 10.9 Location of diamond drill holes from diamond drilling program on the Parallel Ramp Zone
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10.2.9.
Geophysical Targets
Nine (9) diamond drill holes were completed in 2014 and early 2015 on the
Exploration Program in order to verify some geophysical targets (high magnetic
anomalies). A total of 2,999.63 m were drilled and Tables 10.10a and 10.10b show
Technical Parameters and Figure 10.10 shows the location of these drill holes.
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
GT-14-01
295573.09
5328765.32
329.76
359.0
-49.2
404.85
GT-14-02
295853.08
5328462.73
323.69
192.3
-60.6
451.01
GT-14-03
295601.01
5328516.72
323.52
206.3
-52.8
402.60
GT-14-04
295026.02
5328713.62
325.35
355.8
-49.4
252.48
GT-14-05
294997.68
5328630.32
323.26
182.3
-50.1
300.36
GT-14-06
294493.03
5328612.42
326.41
2.3
-53.6
249.82
GT-14-07
294639.32
5328738.06
328.29
142.3
-54.0
354.52
GT-14-08
294901.10
5328825.39
324.12
5.8
-48.0
261.99
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length (m)
GT-15-01
296635.00
5328920.00
320.00
360.0
-50.0
321.00
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Figure 10.10 Location of diamond drill holes diamond drilling program on geophysical targets
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10.2.10.
10.2.11.
East UTM
North UTM
POMY-14-33R
295571.00
5328769.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
8.74
0.75
POMY-14-34R
295711.00
5328860.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
14.14
9.52
Elevation Azimuth
Dip
Length(m) Overburden
POMY-14-35M
295694.00
5328622.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
10.03
6.07
POMY-14-36R
296062.00
5328898.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
8.28
4.27
POMY-14-37M
296088.00
5328874.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
6.55
2.92
POMY-14-38R
296063.00
5328759.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
4.74
0.40
POMY-14-39M
294632.00
5328729.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
14.27
10.21
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blanks and standards. A total of 280.82 m were drilled, and Table 10.12 shows the
technical parameters.
Table 10.12 2014 Technical Parameters on the Parallel Zone
Drill hole #
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
POPV-14-03R
295102.00
5330083.79
327.21
0.0
-90.0
20.73
17.37
POPV-14-04R
295032.00
5329717.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
16.33
13.11
PVG-14-01
295093.04
5330041.52
326.20
330.0
-75.0
121.48
15.64
PVG-14-02
294869.81
5330132.27
330.67
0.0
-65.0
122.28
2.82
Length(m) Overburden
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
POSV-14-32R
295604.00
5330776.00
320.00
0.0
15.79
11.71
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East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
Overburden
POTM-14-01R
296466.20
5328444.13
322.56
0.0
-90.0
17.68
13.63
East UTM
North UTM
Elevation
Azimuth
Dip
Length(m)
Overburden
POSX-14-40R
293497.00
5329556.00
320.00
0.0
-90.0
20.85
16.46
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11.
11.1.
11.2.
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sample was returned to the core tray in its original order to serve as an archive, while
the other half was placed into a plastic sample bag with a numbered sample ticket.
The same sample numbers were inscribed on the bag with a permanent marker.
Three-part sample tickets were used for sampling. One part of the ticket was placed
in the sample bag, one part was placed in the core tray, secured under the first piece
of archived core marking the beginning of the sampled interval and the third part was
left in the sample book. The sample bags were secured with nylon pull locks. The
samples were transported by Kalahari personnel to the Bourlamaque Assay
Laboratory in Val-dOr, Qubec.
The relationship between sample lengths and true thickness is highly variable and
difficult to quantify. It is dependent on the orientation of the drill holes and the
orientation of the vein structures, both strike and dip of which are highly variable.
Mineralization in the Lamaque area, as described under Section 7.2.5 of the report,
comprises a variety of structures of diverse orientation, and it can often be difficult
determining which type of vein structure and orientation is being intersected. During
logging, vein orientations are measured with respect to the core and recorded in the
core log, but even with such measurement of core angles, vein orientation and the
relationships between sample length and vein structures can be problematic. The
reader should also be aware that it is often vein systems rather than single veins that
constitute mineralized zones, and sample lengths for individual samples, even given
known vein orientations, often have little to do with the true widths of the mineralized
zones.
The recent 2009-2013 drilling program was planned, logged, validated and
supervised by Geologica at the Companys facilities in Val-dOr, Qubec (a core
shack with logging stations, sampling, splitting with core saws and shipping to the
laboratories).
The archived core from Kalaharis 2003-2008 and Kalahari/Integra Golds 2009-2013
programs has been cross-piled and stored at the Companys core shack facilities in
Val-dOr, Qubec.
Assay reports, appended to the drill logs, indicate that the pre-1985 samples were
assayed at the mine assay laboratory, which is still standing at the mill site of the
Main Mine. Geologica is not aware of any record of crushing and grinding
parameters or subsample size. It is believed likely that the assays were gravimetric
fire assays using 1 assay ton (29.179 g) subsamples. Records show that samples
were often assayed in duplicate.
Similar to that for the pre-joint venture Teck programs, Geologica is not aware of any
description of laboratory procedures used for assaying the Tundra and Golden Pond
JV program samples. Assay reports appended to the drill logs indicate the principal
assay lab was the companys facility at the mine site, but some check assaying was
also done at the independently owned Bourlamaque Assay Laboratories Ltd facility
in Val-dOr, Qubec. The drill logs record the samples that returned assays above
trace were re-assayed several times. It is not recorded whether these re-assays
were from original pulps or a new pulp cut from the sample reject. It is unknown what
kind or extent of QA/QC programs were run in conjunction with the regular sample
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The procedure included the screening at -150 mesh (106 m) of a nominal 250 g
pulverized sample with duplicate 1 assay ton gravimetric fire assay on the undersize,
and fire assay of the entire oversize fraction. Kalahari undertook this re-assay by
metallic screen procedure to compare the assays returned by the standard
procedure with respect to the metallic screen procedure.
For drilling programs carried out by Kalahari (2009-2010) and Integra Gold (20112014), the samples collected by Geologica were assayed by Bourlamaque and ALS
Chemex Laboratory in Val-dOr, Qubec.
Procedures for routine fire assaying are to initially crush the entire sample to -10
mesh, then a 300 g subsample is split and pulverized to 95% -150 mesh, and a 30 g
subsample is fire-assayed using standard industry procedures, with the gold content
determined by atomic absorption (AA) spectrometry. At the Bourlamaque lab, each
sample was assayed by fire assay and AA finish. Any values reporting 10 ppm Au
are repeated by fire assay with gravimetric finish and an upper reporting limit of 100
g/t Au.
For security and quality control, diamond drill core samples were catalogued on
sample shipment memos, which were completed at the time the samples were being
packed for shipment. Duplicates and blanks were taken, and the partial core was
photographed by geologists. The splitting of samples and sample preparation for
shipping were completed by C-Lab and Integra Gold technicians under the
supervision of Geologica.
The material used for standards comprised certified reference material purchased
from commercial facilities specializing in their manufacture (RockLabs via
Anachemia in Ontario, and CDN Analytical Solution Limited). All material used for
blank samples consisted of barren limestone. Laboratories also added their own
quality control standards. In case of any doubt regarding the validity of a sample, the
entire batch was re-assayed.
Geologica believes that the sample preparation, security and analytical procedures
were correctly applied. Results obtained by the laboratory are representative of the
mineralization when compared to results obtained in the past for all mineralized
zones on the Lamaque South property.
11.2.1.
11.2.1.1.
Blanks
The field blank used in the 2013-2015 drilling programs (South Triangle, Triangle
and Parallel Zones, Mine 3 and Exploration) is from a gold-barren sample of crushed
white marble. One field blank is inserted for every 20 samples, alternating with
standards. Geologica recommended a quality control protocol stipulating that if any
blank yields a gold value above 20 ppb Au, the batch of samples containing the
blank should be re-assayed. For the 2013-2015 drilling program, no batch required
re-assaying.
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11.2.1.2.
Geologicas quality control protocol stipulates that if any analyzed standard yields a
gold value above or below three times the standard deviation (3SD) of the certified
grade for that standard, then ten samples before and after the standard in the batch
should be re-analyzed.
After reviewing the results, Geologica personnel re-assayed four (4) samples in
accordance with this criterion, which represented less 0.01% of the 2013 database
samples for the Triangle and South Triangle zones. The re-assaying was done using
pulps and rejects, or quarter-split core when no pulp or reject was available. All
samples accompanying the standard (bearing the unacceptable gold result) during
the fusion process were also re-assayed. The first gold values (the wrong values)
were replaced in the database by the new gold values obtained by the re-assay.
For the 2014-2015 drilling program, no batch required re-assaying.
11.2.1.3.
Duplicates
The quality control protocol requires a coarse duplicate be prepared for one sample
selected among every 30 samples. The duplicate is prepared by taking half of the
crushed material derived from the original sample. By measuring the precision of the
coarse duplicates, the incremental loss of precision can be determined for the coarse
crush stage of the process, thus indicating whether two subsamples taken after
primary crushing is adequate for the crushed particle size to ensure a representative
subsplit.
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Duplicates are used to check the representativeness of results obtained for a given
population. To determine reproducibility, precision (as a percentage) is calculated
according to the following formula:
Precision(%)
=
(DuplicateSampleGoldGradeOriginalSampleGoldGrade)
AverageBetweenDuplicateSampleGoldGradeandOriginalSampleGold
Grade
100
A total of 794 original-duplicate pairs were identified in the database. The correlation
coefficient (%) is given by square root of R and represents the degree scatter of
data around the linear regression slope. The results obtained indicate an excellent
reproducibility of gold values for 2013-2015 with 80% and 100%.
11.2.2.
Geologica Conclusions
Geologica is of the opinion that Integra Golds sample preparation, analysis, QA/QC
and security protocols for the 20132015 drilling programs on the Lamaque South
property generally follow accepted industry standards. Based on these results,
Geologica is of the opinion that the compiled resource database is valid and of
sufficient quality to be used for mineral resource estimation.
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12.
DATA VERIFICATION
12.1.
12.1.1.
12.1.2.
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Centurys core sample preparation procedures included splitting core from the
surface drilling using a rock saw or appropriate splitter in a core cutting facility,
located in one of the buildings on the mine property.
The AQTK core from the underground drilling was sampled using entire core. A
condensed core box (a library box) for each hole, with samples of each lithology,
was retained for reference.
12.1.3.
Underground Sampling
12.1.3.1.
Chip Sampling
Century employed underground samplers who sampled the various production faces
on a daily basis. For each face, a number of samples were taken perpendicular
across the mineralized zone using a rock hammer or moil and hammer. The results
of these samples were averaged, along with an estimate of the dilution, to determine
the grade of the production round. The chip sampling conducted at the SigmaLamaque mine was similar to most producing mines. The chip samples were used to
determine whether or not the production round would be shipped to the processing
facility as ore or discarded as waste.
Micon reviewed Centurys chip sampling procedures during its visit to the site in
2011 and in discussions with Centurys geological personnel. Micon believed that the
chip sampling procedures used by Century provided samples that were
representative of the mineralization identified at the Sigma-Lamaque property, and
that they met the current industry best practices guidelines for this type of sampling.
Therefore, Micon concluded that the results can be used for resource estimations.
12.1.4.
Muck Sampling
Century had its scoop and truck operators sample the material being shipped to the
mill on a regular basis. Table 12.1 summarizes the frequency of the scoop and truck
sampling by equipment size. Generally, the muck samples represent variable
tonnages due to the equipment size.
The samples were taken by the equipment operators using a small shovel or scoop
and placed in a sample bag. A tag with a unique sample number was placed in the
bag with a second sample tag bearing the same number being forwarded to the
geology department.
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Table 12.1 Frequency and tonnage of scoop and truck sampling by equipment size
Capacity
(Tonnes)
Sample
Frequency
Tonnage
Represented by
Sample
LST-2B
2.5
1 per 4 buckets
10 t
LP 600
1 per 4 buckets
16 t
Atlas Copco
1 per 3 buckets
15 t
EJC
7.5
1 per 2 buckets
15 t
Atlas Copco
7.5
1 per 2 buckets
15 t
Atlas Copco
23
11.5 t
CAT 740
34
17 t
Equipment
Type
Scoop
Truck
Style
Table supplied by Century Mining Corporation for the August 2011 Technical Report (Lewis et al., 2011).
While some operations use muck sampling as the basis of reconciliation between
underground and process plant figures, muck samples should not be used as the
basis of any resource estimation. Century did not use muck samples for any
purposes other than tracking the movement of the ore to the processing plant and
approximating the grade of the material sent to the plant.
12.1.5.
12.1.6.
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Micon Comments
Micon considers that the sample preparation, security, and analytical procedures are
adequate to ensure credibility of the assays. The QA/QC procedures and protocols
employed by Century are sufficiently rigorous to ensure that the sample data are
appropriate for use in mineral resource estimation.
12.2.
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13.
13.1.
Initial Testwork
In winter 2012 and spring 2013, ALS Metallurgy Kamloops carried out two testwork
campaigns on samples from the Lamaque Project. The deposit consists of four
independent zones: Plug 4, Triangle, Parallel and Fortune. Table 13.1 presents the
origin of the samples and proportion of each zone.
Two of the reports KM3569 of April 3, 2013 and KM3876 of May 29, 2013
present the results of this initial work, which included:
13.1.1.
Sample Description
The samples arrived at the ALS Metallurgy facility on November 5, 2012. The
samples weighed approximately 247 kilograms and arrived crushed to < 6 mesh.
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They were split into six (6) composites predetermined by the client, based on sample
origin and gold grade (Table 13.1).
Sample Names
Sample Origin
South
Cluster 1 Average
44.4
47.6
37.1
Cluster 2 Average
42.1
33.7
North
13.1.2.
Weight (kg)
41.4
Sample Preparation
The composite samples were homogenized and rotary split into two (2) kilogram
charges. The laboratory prepared a Master Composite consisting of eight (8)
kilograms of each of the six (6) composite samples for a total of 48 kilograms. In the
second testwork campaign, Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 Composites were also prepared,
each with an equal weight of the cutoff, average and high-grade samples. All the
composites were stored under nitrogen until needed in the test program.
13.1.3.
Sample Characterization
Comminution Testwork
A Bond ball mill work index (BWI) test, with a closing screen size of 106 m, was
conducted on the Master Composite, the Cluster 1 Composite and the Cluster 2
Composite. The BWI can be used with Bonds Third Theory of comminution to
calculate the net power requirement for grinding. The ball mill work index ranged
from 13.8 to 14.9 kWh / tonne. This is considered as average in hardness.
Sample description
kWh/t
KM3569
Master Composite
13.8
KM3876
Cluster 1 Composite
14.8
KM3876
Cluster 2 Composite
14.9
Both Cluster composites generated very similar BWI indices. However, further tests
will have to be performed on material from the hardest zones of the mineral deposit
in order to clearly establish the overall grinding performance.
Chemical Assay and Mineralogy
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Duplicate chemical assays were conducted on the six (6) composite samples, the
Master Composite and the Cluster 1 Composite. The gold assay of the Master
Composite sample was about 8 g/t. The individual composite samples ranged from
3 g/t to 15 g/t Au. Bulk Mineral Analyses via the QEMSCAN were also conducted on
the six (6) composite samples and on the Cluster 1 Composite to determine the
mineral content of each sample.
Au
Ag
Fe
As
TOC*
g/t
g/t
Master Composite
8.15
5.1
1.47
0.007
Cluster 1 High
15.3
6.4
2.08
1.56
0.003
0.02
Cluster 1 Average
6.28
6.4
1.72
1.76
0.002
0.02
Cluster 1 Cutoff
3.16
6.3
1.49
1.59
0.003
0.02
Cluster 2 High
14.6
4.1
1.57
1.04
<0.002
0.05
Cluster 2 Average
6.14
4.5
1.20
1.02
<0.002
0.02
Cluster 2 Cutoff
3.21
<1
4.0
0.99
0.79
<0.002
0.02
6.3
1.97
Cluster 1 Composite
8.66
*TOC = Total Organic Carbon
The sulphur content of the samples ranged from 1% to 2%. Sulphur was present
primarily as pyrite with traces of chalcopyrite.
Iron ranged from 4% to 6%. The Cluster 1 samples contained more pyrite and
amphibole, which explains the greater presence of iron (6%).
The assays contained 1% to 2% carbon, but only a very small portion of it is present
in the organic form. Organic carbon can have a preg-robbing effect and consumes
cyanide, and is thus detrimental to cyanidation.
Gangue minerals were primarily quartz and feldspars. The quartz content varied
between 22% and 36%, and feldspar content between 15% and 24%.
A "Trace Mineral Search" was conducted via QEMSCAN on the high-grade samples
to determine gold liberation levels, sizes and associations. The study was conducted
at 84 m K80 for Cluster 1 and 80 m K80 for Cluster 2. Three slides were scanned for
each of the two composites. A total of 40 gold particles were observed for Cluster 1,
and 31 for Cluster 2.
The study showed that 69% and 77% of gold particles in the high-grade Cluster 1
and Cluster 2 samples, respectively, were liberated or were present as binary
particles with sulphide minerals.
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Primary Grind
Size
Liberated Gold
84
47
22
80
42
35
Sample Description
BinarySulphide Minerals
The portion of gold particles as inclusions was greater in Cluster 1 than in Cluster 2.
This type of gold is more difficult to leach as the exposed surface is low or
nonexistent. In this case, finer grinding may improve the results.
13.1.4.
Four gravity separation tests were performed on the Master Composite at different
grind sizes (130, 105, 79 and 56 m K80). The tests consisted of processing a 4-kg
pre-ground sample in a laboratory Knelson unit. The concentrate thus obtained was
then hand-panned. Both gravity concentrator and pan tailings were leached at a
1,000 ppm sodium cyanide concentration at pH 11 for a 48-hour period.
The highest overall gold recovery obtained was 89% with the 79 m grind size.
About 23% of this recovery was via the gravity concentrate.
The same procedure was applied to the six (6) zone composite samples with a K80
of 75 m. These samples were submitted to three optimization tests as follows:
A summary of the tests conditions and the recovery results is displayed in Table
13.5.
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K80 (m) 75
K80 (m) 75
K80 (m) 75
K80 (m) 50
NaCN(ppm) = 1,000
NaCN(ppm) = 5,000
NaCN(ppm) = 1,000
NaCN(ppm) = 1,000
Retention (hrs) = 48
Retention (hrs) = 48
Retention (hrs) = 96
Retention (hrs) = 96
pH=11
pH=11
pH=11
pH=11
Gravity
Total
23
89
Low Grade
12.3
Average
High Grade
Master
Composite
Gravity
Total
Gravity
Total
Gravity
Total
81.0
18.5
86.8
18.4
88.7
20.3
91.6
22.8
84.3
24.4
90.0
25.1
88.9
26.2
92.2
14.8
79.3
17.3
86.4
16.4
87.5
20.9
91.1
27.7
92.6
37.8
97.4
38.5
97.8
Cluster 1
Cluster 2
Low Grade
Average
31.6
94.3
29.9
96.9
44.3
98.2
High Grade
36.1
93.0
30.2
97.1
44.3
98.3
There was a notable difference in the performance of the Cluster 1 and Cluster 2
samples. Gravity and leach recoveries were better for Cluster 2. Depending on test
conditions, the total gold recovery of Cluster 1 ranged from 79% to 92%, whereas
the recoveries of Cluster 2 ranged from 93 to 98%. In both cases, recovery
increased with both the fineness of grind and retention time.
Increasing the leach time to ninety-six (96) hours, with the same cyanide
concentration, improved the overall recovery.
Increasing the sodium cyanide concentration to 5,000 ppm, with a forty-eight (48)
hour leaching time, improved the overall recovery.
Diagnostic leaching of tailings showed that part of the gold present in the Cluster 1
samples was not in a leachable form (gold was locked in the sulphide matrix and
gangue minerals).
Rougher Flotation
Rougher flotation tests were done on the Master Composite and the three (3)
Cluster 1 samples. The objective was to evaluate the viability of incorporating
flotation into the overall process.
A 2-kg sample of the Master Composite was ground to 130 m K80, whereas
Cluster 1 samples were ground to 108-127 m K80. Flotation was conducted in 4.4liter lab cells with Potassium Amyl Xanthate (PAX) as the collector and Methyl
Isobutyl Carbonyl (MIBC) as the frother.
The Master Composite produced a concentrate containing 71 grams per tonne of
gold (71 g/t Au) with a recovery of 89%. The concentrate produced from the Master
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Composite sample represented approximately 11% of the feed mass and 96% of the
feed sulphur.
% Au
Recovery
% Mass
Recovery
Master Composite
89
11
88
14
Cluster 1 - Average
90
14
Cluster 1 - Cutoff
82
13
133 m
206 m
96.0
95.5
93.6
200 m*
Cluster 1 High
94.7
Cluster 1 Average
95.1
Cluster 1 Cutoff
*236 m for Cluster 1 Cutoff.
89.7
Decreasing the primary grind size from 206 to 107 m improved the overall recovery.
More than 12% of the gold content of the feed ended up in the flotation tailings, thus
leaching these tailings improved overall gold recovery. Without leaching, gold
recovery would have averaged 73%, 87% and 83% respectively for the cutoff,
average and high samples.
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13.2.
13.2.1.
13.2.2.
Zn
Ag
S1
S(s)1
Au2
g/t
g/t
Fortune
0.024
0.03
1.11
1.08
6.3
Parallel
0.029
0.02
1.49
1.46
9.1
Triangle
0.009
0.01
1.58
1.54
8.8
Plug 4
0.011
0.01
2
1.78
1.74
Notes: 1. S indicates total sulphur; S(s) indicates sulphur within sulphides.
2. Au assays were completed using a screened metallics assay method.
4.5
Composite
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13.2.3.
Metallurgical Performance
Flowsheet 1: Gravity and Carbon-in-Leach (CIL)
Ten (10) kilograms of each composite were fed into a batch Knelson gravity
concentrator with hand panning of the gravity concentrate. Tailings from gravity
concentration were submitted to a carbon-in-leach test with a concentration of
30 g/litre of carbon, 1,000 ppm of cyanide, a pH of 11 and a retention time of
96 hours.
Gravity
Total
Plug 4
13.7
87.6
Triangle
17.6
93.0
Parallel
47.6
97.8
Fortune
26.8
96.6
For the second and third flowsheets, the same conditions were applied to each
flowsheet with a cyanide concentration of 1,000 ppm and a pH of 11, for a retention
time of 96 hours. However, for the third flowsheet, 30 g/l of carbon was added to the
leach slurry. The following tables present the results obtained by flowsheet.
Total
Plug 4
83.2
Triangle
92.9
Parallel
97.1
Fortune
95.6
Total
85.1
Triangle
93.4
Parallel
96.6
Fortune
97.1
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Flotation (rougher and cleaner) was carried out at a natural pH with Potassium Amyl
Xanthate (PAX) as the collector, and with Methyl Isobutyl Carbonyl (MIBC) as the
frother. The concentrate recovered, which was about 3 to 4% of the feed mass, was
leached at a concentration of 2,000 ppm of sodium cyanide with a pH of 11 for a
period of 96 hours. The flotation tailings were also leached with a 1,000 ppm cyanide
concentration, at the same pH and retention time.
Concentrates
Leach
Tails
Leach
Total
58.4
24
82.4
Triangle
71.1
20.8
91.9
Parallel
85.8
8.9
94.7
Fortune
82.0
13.1
95.1
Overall gold recoveries from the first three flowsheets were comparable: 93% to 98%
for the Parallel, Triangle and Fortune composites, and 83% to 88% for the Plug 4
composite.
The Trace Mineral Search performed during the first series of tests (April 3, 2013
report) shows that the Cluster 1 sample, the majority of which is composed of Plug 4
zone material, is characterized by gold particles as inclusions and is therefore more
difficult to leach. But tests done on the Cluster 1 sample with a finer grind yielded a
better gold recovery.
Gravity concentrates graded between 257 g/t and 1,218 g/t Au.
The sodium cyanide consumption doubles for a flowsheet using the CIL process. On
average, it ranges from 0.95 to 1.98 grams of reagent per tonne of feed.
Flowsheet 4, using flotation, showed lower recoveries compared to the other three.
Leaching of the concentrate recovered 58% to 86% of the feed gold. Leaching of the
flotation tailings recovered 9% to 24% of the feed gold.
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14.
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Table 14.1 Total Indicated Resource Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t
Au cut-off
Gold Deposit Name
Metric Tonnes
Au Ounces
1,325,100
5.6
237,450
Fortune Zone
125,500
5.8
23,600
Parallel Zone
766,500
7.3
180,750
Triangle Zone
1,957,100
8.3
520,630
No. 6 Vein
389,400
6.4
79,550
Sixteen Zone
91,700
5.2
15,440
4,655,300
7.1
1,057,420
No. 4 Plug
Total Indicated
Table 14.2 Total Inferred Resources Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t
Au cut-off
Gold Deposit Name
Metric Tonnes
0.0
Fortune Zone
252,300
5.6
45,220
Parallel Zone
250,900
10.7
86,460
Triangle Zone
604,700
9.0
174,470
No. 6 Vein
111,600
6.9
24,590
Sixteen Zone
1,800
4.2
250
Total Inferred
1,221,300
8.4
330,990
No. 4 Plug
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Estimator
Cell
dimension
Min. Search
radius
Max. Search
radius
Min. N.
samples
Fortune*1
Ordinary Kriging
10X10X15m
25m
90m
10
None
2m
0.5m
2012-11-08
5X5X5m
45m
45m
Varying
from 2 to 5
Varying
form 15
to 20
90 [Gradual] *4
2m
1.0m
2014-07-30
Max. N.
Capping grade
samples
Cut Off
grade
Effective
date
Plug 4
Ordinary Kriging
10X10X10m
35X50X16m
60X60X16m
10
300
*2
1.0m
2013-03-19
Vein 6
Ordinary Kriging
10X10X10m
50X50X50
100X100X100
40 [Gradual]
2m
1.0m
2012-08-17
Sixteen
Ordinary Kriging
10X10X10m
15X15X15
60X60X60
10
35
2m
0.7m
2013-11-18
Triangle
Inverse squared
distance
5X5X5m
Various per
vein
various per
vein
55 when distace
is over 10m
4 and
4.5
2m
1m
2015-01-30
*1 True thickness, Mineralized Zone grade and Dilution grade where booth estimated for all cells and recombined at the end.
*2 Not constrain to vein. The selection is based on "high probability Mineralized Zone" within the dioritic intrusive.
*3 For each vein, multiple interpolator where used. A cross validation procedure was used to select the method producing the smaller error centered to 0.
*4 Incluiding a procedure to limit the range of influence to 10m for high value (over 10 to 45)
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14.1.
14.1.1.
Methodology
The 2013 Mineral Resource Estimate and geostatistical study detailed in this report
was performed using the Isatis (V.2012.4) software package. The method involves a
3D block model estimated with an ordinary kriging (OK) interpolator.
14.1.2.
14.1.3.
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14.1.4.
The first indication of the necessity to cap high values is the coefficient of
variation CV. Ideally, this should be located close to 1. A CV above 2 is
generally considered an indication that high values should be capped. In the
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case of very high CV, uncapped grades may make it difficult to produce a
clean variogram.
Figure 14.2 shows a comparative histogram of the log-transformed gold values from
each vein, and Figure 14.3 displays the probability plot from all samples within the
Vein Selection population. From these graphs it is clear that the Vein Selection
samples do not form a simple normal or log-normal population. It seems to be a
bimodal distribution where the upper part (50% of the population) may follow a lognormal distribution without any positive break at higher grades. The distributions of
the metal content within the percentile classes do not show any abnormal
concentration. So only the CV of 2.46 would support a capping grade. Thus, the
author does not recommend using a capping grade.
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14.1.5.
Compositing
Compositing was compiled using the grade of the adjacent material when assayed,
or a value of zero when not assayed.
In order to minimize any bias introduced by the variable sample lengths, uncapped
gold assays (as determined in the previous subsection) were composited to
0.5-metre equal lengths (0.5m composites) within all intervals that define each of
the mineralized zones (Vein Selection) and internal dilution (Internal Dilution
Selection). Tails were not created; they were instead distributed over the previous
composites.
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14.1.6.
Variography
The author modelled the composite variography of the three selected items (Vein,
Dilution and Intersection) using Isatis software. The objectives of this step consist of:
Defining the Kriging equations. The equations deriving from the variograms
are required during the Kriging interpolation. These equations take into
account the nugget effect (C0), the model of dispersion (spherical,
exponential), the range and the variance in each of the three axes (1, 2
and 3). It is frequent to use more than one model in order to better
represent the dispersion (short and long) of each of the axes before reaching
the level (total variance).
The author first calculated an omnidirectional variogram to estimate the nugget effect
(C0). Second, he calculated 18 directional variograms located in the horizontal
plane. This allows for defining the direction of longer continuity (longitudinal
direction). The next step includes 18 directional variograms set in the vertical plane
parallel to the longitudinal direction and another 18 directional variograms set in a
vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. And finally 18 directional
variograms on an inclined plane representing the best plan fit for all mid points
(longitudinal plan). This step allows having an overview of the variance of the
idealized sphere in order to verify the presence of a directional anisotropy.
The variograms so obtained are considered robust and reliable. This means that
they resist well enough to parameter changes such as tolerance or lag, and they
compare well to the results obtained using other types of variograms.
The last step consists of fitting a mathematical model allowing representation of
these experimental variograms. The author was unable to clearly demonstrate the
presence of any directional anisometry laid on the best plan fit. Of course, the axes
perpendicular to the vein are very short compared to all axes within the vein plan, but
this is not considered as an anisometry as we used hard boundaries from individual
veins when interpolating.
Figure 14.4 shows the omnidirectional model variography proposed for all three (3)
composite selections considered.
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14.1.7.
Bulk Density
A specific gravity of 2.80 g/cm3 was used to estimate the tonnage for the 2012
Mineral Resource Estimate.
14.1.8.
14.1.10.
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14.1.11.
Resource Categories
The resource classification definitions used for this report are those published by the
Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum in their document CIM
Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Reserves
Measured Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape, physical characteristics are so well established
that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate
application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning
and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on
detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade
continuity.
Indicated Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be estimated with
a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and
economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic
viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration
and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such
as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough
for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.
Inferred Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and
grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited
sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity.
The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes. Resources from this category should not be used to support mine
planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit.
The Indicated category was assigned to each cell where true thickness was
estimated using the first pass ellipsoid, and at least two (2) drill holes were found
within a 25 m radius. An Inferred category was assigned to all cells where the true
thickness was estimated using the second or the third pass ellipsoid.
No measured category was assigned to any blocks.
14.1.12.
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These parameters give a first estimation of the cut-off at 2.7 g/t Au. It is clear that the
parameters do not represent total cost. Environmental, developmental,
administration costs, etc. were not taken into account. Another 25% may be added to
the cost previously considered, which would push the estimation of the cut-off to 3.35
g/t. The author suggests using 3.0 g/t for the official estimation.
Other cut-off grade results were also compiled, but for illustrative purposes only. The
cut-off grade must be re-evaluated in light of prevailing market conditions and other
factors: gold price, exchange rate, mining method, related costs, etc. (Fig. 14.5).
14.1.13.
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14.1.14.
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geological model, all the resources were classified as Inferred and no cut-off was
used. At that time, Inferred resources where estimated at 861,000 tonnes at
2.1 g/t Au (58,000 oz).
If we consider no cut-off and everything as Inferred, the current estimate will
represent 1,270,000 tonnes at 2.4 g/t Au (98,700 ounces). Thus, new drilling and
refinement of the geological model allowed for an impressive upgrade.
14.2.
14.2.1.
Methodology
The Mineral Resource Estimate and geostatistical study detailed in this report was
performed using Isatis (V.14.00) software. The method involves a 3D block model
estimated with four different interpolators. Then a cross validation procedure relative
to the value of each drill hole intercept was performed to select the better (smaller
error centered to 0) interpolator for each vein. Interpolator used consists of Invers
Squared Distance (IPD2), Ordinary Kriging (OK), Bundled Indicator Kriging (BIK) and
Turning Band Conditional Simulation (TBS).
14.2.2.
14.2.3.
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Geometryoftheareawheregradeisover3g/t
Sector Tickness(m) Azimut
Dip
1a
1.8
81
36
1bE
1.9
91
41
1bW
1.8
81
34
1cE
1.9
82
41
1cW
2.4
97
38
1d
2.7
82
36
2a
2.2
87
35
3aE
1.9
81
23
3aW
2.4
64
38
4a
2
93
38
4b
2.2
100
30
5a
2
75
38
5b
2.1
75
24
5c
2.3
75
37
5dE
2.4
86
42
5dW
1.6
69
35
5e
6aE
2.5
78
41
6aW
1.5
62
60
6b
2.5
82
44
6c
2.1
78
47
6d
2.3
63
42
7a
1.9
92
39
7b
2
71
48
7c
1.9
74
45
7d
2.2
79
34
7e
1.7
76
34
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14.2.4.
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distribution of samples. The real problem occurs with local estimates of mining
blocks around the outliers: now one outlier with a very high grade in a group of 20
samples certainly do not indicate a small proportion of very rich material in the block.
On the other hand, it is not because we havent found any rich sample around a
block that they not exist. Hence, whenever there is some evidence of the presence in
very small quantities of some real very rich zone, block estimates close to outliers
should be reduced and block estimates with no outliers around might be increased a
little. With the development of statistical methods for estimating grade, this process
became less important. In fact Indicator Kriging, and simulation techniques involving
normal transformation of score are very efficient to deal with distribution containing
outliers. On the other hand, the presence of some very high values may make the
variogram very difficult to establish.
If we do not have a sampling problem (i.e. very high grade duplicate well), there are
no theoretical or scientific ground to cap high sample data. As explained above,
outliers are a problem in local (block) interpolation with traditional interpolation
method (including kriging) in
the sense that blocks close to outliers are likely over-estimated but, if we have
thousands of even hundreds of samples, in most cases, they do not bias the global
estimates (i.e. the average grade of the deposit). More than often, we consider that
high grade capping is more psychological than anything else: if you havent cap your
sample data in a gold deposit, people will not trust you.
Geostatistics provide some tools to find and removed outliers. The more common
methods used to assess the necessity of using a capping value is listed below:
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Figure 14.7 shows the distribution (density, box plot and probability plot) of gold
values for all samples within the Vein Selection. From this graph it is clear that Vein
Selection samples do not form a simple normal or log-normal population. It clearly
represents a mix of many sub-populations. The number of samples having a grade
equal to 0.001 and 0.05 g/t is abnormally high. The higher end of the probability plot
shows a small bump around 200 g/t Au but returns to the normal (straight line)
immediately after this sample. The metal content distributions within the percentile
classes show that 43% of the metal content is contained within the two last
percentiles. To satisfy the metal factor method explained above, the higher grade
could be capped at 22 g/t but this approach would seem excessive. Finally, although
the CV of 4.18 would argue in favor of a capping grade, even if we cap at 22 g/t, the
CV will still be high at 2.37. At this point we may presume that the high CV will make
variography relatively difficult to establish.
Au Uncut
1000
100
10
.1
.01
.001
1
10
25
50
75
90 95
99
The only way to really quantify the effect of high values on the estimate is to repeat
the same estimation at several capping grades and compare the final number of
ounces in each case. The author used 12 different capping grades from 275 g/t
(uncapped) to 20 g/t before compositing. The resource was then estimated using an
IPD2 estimator on a block model of 5X5X5.
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Figure 14.8 shows the percentage of ounces lost at each capping. This graph shows
that the last percentile influence 20% on the total ounces. It also exhibits a slope
change after 90 g/t. Thus the author is proposing to use a gradual capping method. It
is suggested to reduce by 55% the grade interval over 90 g/t for all samples
exceeding 90 g/t, according to the following formula:
Au Capped = 90 + (0.55* (Au 90)
As discuss earlier, when interpolation is based in a linear methods (Ok, IPD)
extremely high value may have a big influence on surrounding cell (proportion of
extreme values is over represented). For this reason, for all area where veins is
interpolated with a linear method, the author add a parameters reducing the
maximum distance to include a sample with high value. See section 14.2.10
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14.2.5.
Compositing
Compositing was compiled using the grade of the adjacent material when assayed,
or a value of zero when not assayed. In order to minimize any bias introduced by the
variable sample lengths, capped gold assays (as determined in the previous
subsection) were composited to 1 m equal lengths (1.0m composites) within all
intervals that define each of the mineralized zones (Vein selection). Tails were not
created; they were instead distributed over the previous composites.
For Grade Over 0.1 g/t
1000
100
10
.1
.01
-0.2
0.1
0.4
0.7
1.0
1.3
1.6
Length (m)
14.2.6.
Variography
The author modelled the variography from composite for all veins using Isatis
software. However, in some case, the vein (1A, 5A, 5C, 5E, 6D, 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D and
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7E) do not count sufficient number of samples for this type of study. In that case, the
variogram model was derived from all samples of the 10 small zones. In some case
the variography was difficult to establish due to one or two aberrant values. When it
append, aberrant value where ignore prior to model the variogram. These variogram
models where used to define the Ordinary Kriging parameters (OK).
The variography of indicated transformed composit was also modeled for all veins
where number of samples where sufficient to produce a relevant model. These
transformed model where used for the BIK and for the TBS interpolation.
14.2.7.
Bulk Density
A specific gravity of 2.80 g/cm 3 was used to estimate the tonnage for the 2014
Mineral Resource Estimate.
14.2.8.
Easting: 294715mE
Northing: 5329935mN
Elevation: -310m
The block model was not rotated and the error on volume calculated from the block
model compared to the volume estimated from the wireframe is lower than 0.01%.
14.2.9.
14.2.10.
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Interpolator
1a
BIK
NES=0.16
1bE
TBS
NES=0.04
1bW
TBS
NES=0.04
1cE
OK
NES=4.8
1cW
OK
NES=4.8
1d
OK
NES=13.8
2a
TBS
NES=0.032
3aE
TBS
NES=0.093
3aW
BIK
NES=0.093
4a
OK
NES=32.59
4b
OK
NES=6.59
5a
TBS
NES=0.123
5b
OK
NES=1.56
5c
OK
NES=52.6
5dE
TBS
NES=0.076
5dW
BIK
NES=0.076
5e
OK
NES=52.6
Structur1
6aE
TBS
NES=0.057
6aW
TBS
NES=0.057
6b
TBS
NES=0.057
6c
TBS
NES=0.123
6d
TBS
NES=0.12
Structur2
SPR=40.0
SPS=0.16
SPR=17.0
SPS=0.16
SPR=17.0
SPS=0.16
SPR=25.0
SPS=9.8
SPR=25.0
SPS=9.8
SPR=22.7
SPS=15.8
SPR=31.5
SPS=0.171
SPR=29.61
SPS=0.119
SPR=29.61
SPS=0.119
SPR=30.10
SPS=33.53
SPR=20.47
SPS=2.21
SPR=14.74
SPS=0.123
SPR=11.9
SPS=0.8
SPR=25.3
SPS=19.23
SPR=27.0
SPS=0.102
SPR=27.0
SPS=0.102
SPR=25.3
SPS=19.23
SPR=17.83
SPS=0.127
SPR=17.83
SPS=0.127
CBR=29.0
CBS=0.09
SPR=20.0
SPS=0.07
SPR=25.0
SPS=0.11
Structur3
SPR=70.0
SPS=0.045
SPR=70.0
SPS=0.045
SPR=78.86
SPS=0.058
SPR=78.86
SPS=0.058
SPR=140.0
SPS=0.11
SPR=75.0
SPS=0.06
Radius
Nieghbor
Minsample Maxsample
Threshold Threshold
value
distance
45
20
45
20
45
20
45
15
27
10
45
15
27
10
45
15
29
10
45
20
45
20
45
20
30
15
46
10
30
15
45
20
30
15
10
10
45
15
45
20
45
20
45
15
45
20
45
20
45
20
45
20
45
20
7a
IPD2
45
2
20
7b
IPD2
45
2
20
7c
IPD2
45
2
20
7d
IPD2
45
2
20
7e
IPD2
45
2
20
NES=NuggetEffectSill;SPR=SphericalRange;SPS=SphericalSill;CBR=CubicRange;CBS=CubicSill
Whensampleisoverthresholdvalus,hisinfluenceislimitedtothethresholddistance.
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14.2.11.
Resource Categories
The resource classification definitions used for this report are those published by the
Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum in their document CIM
Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Reserves.
Measured Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape, physical characteristics are so well established
that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate
application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning
and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on
detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade
continuity.
Indicated Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be estimated with
a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and
economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic
viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration
and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such
as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough
for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.
Inferred Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and
grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited
sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity.
The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes. Resources from this category should not be used to support mine
planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit.
The Indicated category was assigned to each cell where the number of drill hole
within a radius of 25 m is equal to or more than 2. All other cells were assigned the
Inferred category. Because of the lack of information and thus the uncertainty of the
3D model, all cells from Vein 7 are classified as Inferred.
No measured category was assigned to any blocks.
14.2.12.
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These parameters give a first estimation of the cut-off at 2.27 g/t. It is clear that the
parameters do not represent total cost. Environmental, developmental and
administration costs, etc. were not taken into account. Another 25% may be added to
the costs previously considered. Doing so would push the estimation of the cut-off to
3.35 g/t. The author suggests using a cut-off of 3.0 g/t for official estimation.
Other cut-off grade results were also compiled, but for illustrative purposes only
(Table 14.7). The cut-off grade must be re-evaluated in light of prevailing market
conditions and other factors including gold price, exchange rate, mining method,
related costs, etc.
14.2.13.
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At a cut-off of 3.0 g/t Au, the official result is listed in Tables 14.8 and 14.9.Table
14.8 Mineral resources in the Parallel Zone per vein.
Sector
1a
1bE
1bW
1cE
1cW
1d
2a
3aE
3aW
4a
4b
5a
5b
5c
5dE
5dW
5e
6aE
6aW
6b
6c
6d
7a
7b
7c
7d
7e
Total
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Table 14.9 Mineral resources in the Parallel Zone (all veins) per elevation
Bottomof
15m.bench
297.5
282.5
267.5
252.5
237.5
222.5
207.5
192.5
177.5
162.5
147.5
132.5
117.5
102.5
87.5
72.5
32.5
47.5
62.5
77.5
92.5
107.5
122.5
137.5
152.5
167.5
182.5
197.5
212.5
227.5
242.5
257.5
272.5
287.5
14.2.14.
Resourceestimatedat3g/tCutOff
inferredresourceperBench
indicatedresourceperBench
Onces
Ton
Grade
Onces
Ton
Grade
430
2000
6.8
610
2400
7.9
1420
8700
5.1
7240
26700
8.4
800
5000
4.9
12670
48400
8.1
360
2700
4.1
18660
58400
9.9
380
2800
4.2
12720
65200
6.1
1480
9200
5.0
9160
49000
5.8
730
4100
5.5
15780
62400
7.9
350
2500
4.4
15940
83100
6.0
470
3100
4.8
20140
94800
6.6
960
4500
6.6
20980
87600
7.5
290
1700
5.3
23760
85300
8.7
1150
4600
7.7
16130
61500
8.2
520
3600
4.5
5190
33500
4.8
170
1600
3.3
560
4800
3.6
0
0
3.5
160
1400
3.5
70
600
3.5
100
700
4.3
Areawithoutgrade
1990
4800
12.9
0
0
0.0
5180
12600
12.7
0
0
0.0
2880
9300
9.6
0
0
0.0
1010
7200
4.4
0
0
0.0
940
6700
4.3
0
0
0.0
890
6300
4.4
0
0
0.0
4120
16300
7.8
0
0
0.0
8920
27200
10.2
130
300
13.6
11070
32900
10.5
800
1100
23.6
8680
14900
18.2
0
0
0.0
5790
12400
14.6
0
0
0.0
1710
6400
8.4
0
0
0.0
1210
5500
6.9
0
0
3.1
910
6500
4.3
0
0
0.0
180
1100
4.9
0
0
0.0
5820
6100
29.9
0
0
0.0
10350
11100
29.1
0
0
0.0
5220
6700
24.2
0
0
0.0
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between these features in the final results. In the current case, historical estimates
are not 43-101 compliant and will not be commented on.
In May 2012, GoPointCom estimated indicated resource of the Parallel Zone to
793 900 tonnes at 8.2 g/t Au (209 570 oz). In the same time inferred resources was
estimate to 153 400 tonnes at 17.5 g/t Au (86 050 oz).
The difference with the actual estimation is mainly due to a refinement in the
interpolation procedure and a limitation for the range of influence for some high value
when estimated by OK. This last parameters can be assimilate to a capping
procedure.
14.3.
14.3.1.
Methodology
The Mineral Resource Estimate and Geostatistical Study were completed using the
ISATIS (V. 2013.1) software package. The method takes into account the 3D Block
Model which is estimated with an OK interpolator. Sample selection was not strictly
constrained to lithology.
14.3.2.
14.3.3.
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14.3.4.
The first indication of the necessity to cap high values is the coefficient of
variation CV. Ideally, this should be located close to 1. A CV above 2 is
generally considered an indication that high values should be capped. In the
case of very high CV, uncapped grades may make it difficult to produce a
clean variogram.
Figure 14.11 shows the distribution (density, histogram, box plot and probability plot)
of gold values for all samples within the High Probability of Mineralized Zone. From
this graph it is clear that High Probability of Mineralized Zone samples do not form a
simple normal or log-normal population. It seems to be a bimodal distribution in
which the upper part (25% of the population) may follow a log-normal distribution. On
this graph, a positive break at the higher grades (over 300 g/t) is visible. One can
propose an assemblage of two log-normal populations to explain this distribution.
The waste population may represent close to 75% of the samples with a median
close to 0.04 and grades ranging from 0.002 to 1 g/t. In that case the mineralized
zone population may have a median around 2.5 g/t and grade ranging from 0.1 to
300 g/t. The distributions of the metal content within the percentile classes show
more than 35% of the total metal appearing within less than 1% of the samples. To
satisfy the metal factor methodology (no more than 10% of the gold ounces within
1% of the sample), the grade must be capped at 13 g/t. This severe capping will
affect 2.8% of the samples and will drive the CV from 8.1 to 2.3. This is considered
overly conservative and unrealistic for the observed bimodal distribution. The author
recommends limiting the capping of higher gold values at 300 g/t. This capping limit
will affect four (4) samples, drive the CV to 4.9, and reduce the total amount of gold
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by 5.9%. At this point we may presume that the high CV will make variography very
difficult to establish.
14.3.5.
Compositing
From Figure 14.12, it is clear that an important bias exists between sample lengths
and gold values (higher grade samples are shorter). The current sampling procedure
tends to minimize this bias but it is definitely present in historical data. Compositing
was compiled using the capped grade (300 g/t) of material when assayed, or a value
of 0.001 when not assayed.
In order to minimize the bias introduced by the variable sample lengths, capped gold
assays (as determined in the previous subsection) were composited to 1.0-metre
equal lengths (1.0m composites) within all intervals that define High Probability of
MIneralized Zone. Tails were not created; they were instead distributed over the
previous composites.
.
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14.3.6.
Variography
The author of this section 14 modelled the composite variography of the High
Probability to be Mineralized Zone using Isatis software. The objectives of this step
consist of:
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subselection to estimate the value of a central point. The anisotropy may also
be used to select and weigh samples during the de-clustering steps.
Defining the Kriging equations. The equations deriving from the variograms
are required during the Kriging interpolation. These equations take into
account the nugget effect (C0), the model of dispersion (i.e. spherical,
exponential), the range and the variance in each three axes (1, 2 and 3).
It is common to use more than one model in order to better represent the
dispersion (short and long) of each of the axes before reaching the level (total
variance).
An omnidirectional variogram was first calculated to estimate the nugget effect (C0).
Secondly, 18 directional variograms located in the horizontal plane were calculated
and permits define the direction of longer continuity (longitudinal direction). The next
step includes 18 directional variograms set in the vertical plane parallel to the
longitudinal direction and another 18 directional variograms set in a vertical plane
perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. And finally, 18 directional variograms on
an inclined plane representing the best plane fit for all mid points (longitudinal plane).
This step allows having an overview of the variance of the idealized sphere in order
to verify the presence of a directional anisotropy.
Variograms on raw data were impossible to establish. Thus variography was
constructed and modelled using the Gauss transformation instead of raw distribution.
Then the sill of the Gauss model was adjusted to respect the variance of the raw
data using a cross validation procedure. Thus, it has been proposed to use a slightly
anisotropic model distribution where the longer axis is oriented N190/-50 (dip
direction); the second axis is oriented N100/00 (strike direction); and the third axis
perpendicular to the idealized plane of the majority of the veins is oriented N010/-40.
The retained model involves a nugget effect and two spherical structures. When
adjusted to raw data, the sill of the nugget effect is 17.7. The first spherical structure
has a sill of 19.2 and the second has a sill of 6.1. The ranges for the first and second
spherical structures within the dip direction are 8 and 50 m. In the strike direction
these two ranges were set to 5 and 35, respectively. Finally, the perpendicular axis
was modelled with a range of 6 and 16.
Figure 14.13 shows the experimental and model variogram obtained from the Gauss
transformation.
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14.3.7.
Bulk Density
A specific gravity of 2.80 g/cm3 was used to estimate the tonnage for the 2012
Mineral Resource Estimate.
14.3.8.
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The block model was not rotated, and the error on volume calculated from the block
model compared to the volume estimated from the wireframe is lower than 0.02%.
14.3.9.
14.3.10.
14.3.11.
Resource Categories
The resource classification definitions used for this report are those published by the
Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum in their document CIM
Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Reserves:
Measured Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape, and physical characteristics are so well
established that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the
appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support production
planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is
based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information
gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches,
pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both
geological and grade continuity.
Indicated Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be estimated with
a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and
economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic
viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration
and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such
as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough
for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.
Inferred Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and
grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited
sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity.
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These parameters give an estimation of the cut-off at 3.0 g/t. Even if the author uses
a cut-off of 3.0 g/t for official estimation, other cut-off grade results were also
compiled for illustrative purposes (Table 14.10). The cut-off grade must be reevaluated in light of prevailing market conditions and other factors, including gold
price, exchange rate, mining method, related costs, etc.
This cut-off value is based on a standard mining method using a relatively small
stope. Due to the nature of the mineralized area (complex distribution of narrow
veins within a barren host rock), the interpolation was done using an unconstrained
selection of composites. This has a large impact on selectivity of the mineralized
zone and waste smaller mining units (SMU). In such cases, the selectivity is
highly affected by the size of the reference volume. The key for successful mining of
this material will require a stope design large enough to reduce mining costs (long
hole mining) and the ability to discriminate mineralized zone and waste pockets
within that large stope (mineralized zone sorting). Figure 14.15 shows the effect of
the SMU size on resource estimation.
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Table 14.10 Sensitivity of Indicated and Inferred categories to different cut-off values
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14.3.13.
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14.3.14.
14.4.
14.4.1.
Methodology
The Mineral Resource Estimate and geostatistical study detailed in this part of the
report was performed using Isatis (V.14.02) software. The method involves a 3D
block model of 5m X 5m X 5m estimated by Ordinary Kriging (OK).
14.4.2.
14.4.3.
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To calculate true thickness for each vein, the azimuth and dip of each one must be
calculated. To do so, the author first plot all intersection selected by Geologica
(alteration corridor) and for each vein a perimeter where grade could be over 1 g/t is
selected. The authors calculate the best plan passing thru all selected intersections
(mid-points). The selected intersection was also used for geostatistical study
including variography but all the intersections for each vein where used for
interpolation.
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14.4.4.
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factor below 10. In other words, there should never be more than 10% of ounces in
less than 1% of tonnes. This method really concentrates on the upper 1 or 2% of the
distribution. It is more a security factor than a distribution analysis.
Figure 14.16 below shows the distribution (density, box plot and probability plot) of
gold values for all (4005 samples) samples within the Triangle zone. From this graph
it is clear that the Triangle Zone samples do not form a simple normal or lognormal population. It seems to be a bi-modal distribution where two (2) subpopulations may intersect around 0.2 g/t. The sum of the 2 sub-population seems to
be relatively close to a log-normal distribution. To satisfy the metal factor method
explained above, the higher grade could be capped at 16 g/t. This capping will
affect 125 samples, reduce the total metal content by 56.7% and bring the CV from
4.5 to 2.27. This capping seems to be too severe and unrealistic.
To address this problem and clearly understand the effect of some high grade values
on resources estimation, the author proceeds with the complete estimation process
using composite created from original samples capped at 14 different limits ranging
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from 7 g/t to 150 g/t. Then the total resource (unclassified) was tabulated considering
a 3 g/t Cut Off.
The result is presented in Figure 14.17. The 14 red dots (except those pointed by
arrows) represent the total number of ounces estimated (at 3 g/t Au Cut Off) from
using 14 different capping grades. These points fall on two (2) strait lines intersecting
themselves at a capping grade of 55 g/t. One can propose to cap all grade at 55 g/t
Au. As discussed above, this may introduce an undesired bias around cells where
high grade really exist. Another approach consists to gradually capped grade when
the value is over 55. In this case when grade is over 55, then capping grade is equal
to 55+(grade-55)*0.35. This will reduce the bias around cell where high grades really
exist but still affecting low grade area surrounding high grade spot.
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In order to select the best option, the author proposes to compare the results from
the three (3) above mentioned possibilities, cell by cell, with the average of all the
composites falling within each cell. From the Table 14.12 below, it is clear that the
option of capping grade at 55 g/t Au only when distance is over 10m better honor
original data than all other option. Thus this is the option retained for this estimation.
This capping method is reducing the total estimated ounces (at 3 g/t Cut Off) by
15.72%.
LocalAbsoluteError(cellbycell)fromestimationtoaverageofsamples
fallingwithineachcell.
Cappingmethod
Graduallyover55g/t
At55g/twhendistanceisover10m
At54g/t
14.4.5.
Means
2.484
2.32
2.53
SD
maximum
7.493
109.357
6.23
94.847
8.268
117.277
Compositing
Compositing was compiled using the grade of the adjacent material when assayed,
or a value of zero when not assayed in order to minimize any bias introduced by the
variable sample lengths and angle of drilling relative to orientation of related vein.
Uncapped gold assays (as determined in the previous subsection) were composited
to 1.0 m true lengths within all intervals that define the mineralized zones. The
intersection within smaller remaining lengths were redistributed over the whole
composite. Thus the average true length of all composites is 0.983, the smallest
composite is 0.837 and the longest is 1.245m. The true length is calculated taking
into account drill hole orientation relative to each vein orientation.
14.4.6.
Variography
The variography was modeled using Isatis software. Each vein was modeled
individually using only the selected composite as described in section 14.4.3. The
author forced the model to lie on the vein plane. Results are shown in Table 14.13.
This table also shows the true thickness for each vein. It was calculated taking into
account only the areas where estimated cells are above 3 g/t Au.
Figure 14.18 shows the model variogram used for Vein T10. This vein contains more
than 25% of total ounces present in the Triangle Zone.
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BestplanFit
Vein
T0p
T0
T00a
T00b
T01
T01b
T02
T02a
T03
T03a
T03b
T03c
T04
T05
T05a
T05b
T06
T06a
T06b
T07p
T07
T07b
T08
T09
T09b
T09c
T10p
T10
T10a
T10b
T11
T11a
T12
T13
T14
Azimut
92.73
97.18
87.78
98.34
96.5
102.45
100.1
100.86
104.74
95.89
94.85
100.62
96.61
97.32
96.39
96.67
99.1
91.57
91.43
96.54
92.26
93.36
90.67
88.99
90.32
88.9
96.93
89.61
94.84
88.27
92.58
90.71
96.05
94.59
95.65
Rotationforsearchellipsoide
FirstZ
SecondX
2.73
23.56
7.18
31.44
2.22
29.33
8.34
39.33
6.5
36.04
12.45
29.54
10.1
29.54
10.86
36.45
14.74
31.15
5.89
40.86
4.85
35.4
10.62
38.49
6.61
37.68
7.32
41.2
6.39
42.92
6.67
43.99
9.1
42.46
1.57
39.03
1.43
38.98
6.54
39.64
2.26
38.71
3.36
36.89
0.67
41.01
1.01
45.61
0.32
42.79
1.1
49.49
6.93
50.33
0.39
54.67
4.84
55.05
1.73
49.92
2.58
48.05
0.71
48.93
6.05
47.53
4.59
65.41
5.65
49.97
ThirdZ
40
30
50
40
60
10
30
10
30
30
10
20
0
25
20
40
10
40
30
0
5
10
30
30
40
0
0
20
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
dimensionofsearchellipsoide
X
Y
27
27
63
54
63
54
81
36
45
54
54
72
40.5
45
72
45
81
45
63
45
54
54
27
27
49.5
54
22.5
72
40.5
36
36
45
45
43.2
22.5
Z
45
54
63
54
63
63
54
45
63
27
36
81
72
45
54
22.5
45
36
45
27
18
40.5
63
63
31.5
54
22.5
63
40.5
36
72
45
45
43.2
22.5
Variogrammodel(Nuggeteffectandsphericalmodel)
C0
36
40.5
63
54
63
58.5
67.5
40.5
54
40.5
45
76.5
56.25
45
63
33.75
63
40.5
54
36
36
47.25
45
45
40.5
54
22.5
67.5
40.5
36
54
45
45
43.2
22.5
C1
0.5
7
7
10
5.4
0.1
1
2
3.8
24
1
0.1
1.5
5
2
2
19
3
0.3
3
5
2
5
18
0.2
1
8
23
1
0.1
113
100
3
6
0.4
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X1
3
50
26.5
43
10.5
10.4
4.6
11
34
210
7
7.5
2.5
47
14
19
170
23
2.8
20
45
13
14
28
1.6
3.6
20
210
5.6
0.9
412
900
30
30
1.7
Y1
30
25
69.5
60
15.5
62
90
40
50
60
60
83
45
50
80
50
90
50
70
50
60
60
30
30
55
40
25
80
45
40
1
50
50
12
4.5
Z1
50
20
66.5
60
100
69
60
50
70
30
40
92
110
50
60
25
50
40
50
30
20
45
70
90
35
40
25
70
45
40
20
50
50
12
4.5
C2
2
40
3
3
112
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
0.5
2
2
2
5
3
2
4
3
2
2
1
2
40
55
2
45
40
1
50
50
12
4.5
X2
Y2
Z2
30
60
54
20
12
5.8
47
80
12
128
30
110
3.4
60
60
60
512
40
100
30
1.7
48
19
48
19
48
19
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Distance (m)
0
500
25
50
75
100
125
500
53
31
Vein T10
17
87
N360/-16
400
400
132
Variogram : Au
223
222
164
315305 N212/-55
300 187
62
41
200 04
3
22
119
89
58
61
300
200
159
111
Variogram : Au
142
181
65
100
28
N101/-35
100
24
316
25
50
75
100
125
Distance (m)
Figure 14.18 Model Variogram for Vein T10
14.4.7.
Bulk Density
A specific gravity of 2.80 g/cm3 was used for the 2014 estimate. It can be considered
as adequate and precise enough for the purpose of this study.
14.4.8.
Easting: 296235mE
Northing: 5328265mN
Elevation: -370m
The block model was not rotated and the error on volume calculated from the block
model using an array of 5X5 horizontal needle oriented N-S, compared to the volume
estimated directly from the wireframe is lower than 0.02%.
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14.4.9.
14.4.10.
14.4.11.
Resource Categories
The resource classification definitions used for this report are those published by the
Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum in their document CIM
Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Reserves.
Measured Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which
quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape, physical characteristics are so well
established that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the
appropriate application of technical and economic parameters, to support
production planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit.
The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing
information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such as
outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough
to confirm both geological and grade continuity.
Indicated Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which
quantity, grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be
estimated with a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of
technical and economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of
the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and
reliable exploration and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques
from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are
spaced closely enough for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably
assumed.
Inferred Mineral Resource: the part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and
grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and
limited sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade
continuity. The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered
through appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits,
workings and drill holes. Resources from this category should not be used to
support mine planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit.
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14.4.12.
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Other cut-off grade results were also compiled, for comparative purposes. The cutoff grade can and should be re-evaluated in light of prevailing market conditions and
other factors including gold price, exchange rate, mining method, related costs, etc.
14.4.13.
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Table 14.14 Estimated resources with appropriate cut-off for each vein
Vein
T0p
T0
T00a
T00b
T01
T01b
T02
T02a
T03
T03a
T03b
T03c
T04
T05
T05a
T05b
T06
T06a
T06b
T07p
T07
T07b
T08
T09
T09b
T09c
T10p
T10
T10a
T10b
T11
T11a
T12
T13
T14
Total
CutOff
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4
4.5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
Ton
1100
27400
61800
38800
80500
19200
3400
12900
31600
95500
22400
12300
18100
95800
40600
17700
58700
41400
18800
11300
16400
41400
10100
45100
0
11300
23100
431900
7200
0
109900
31100
11300
11900
0
1459800
Indicated
Ounce
190
11000
14670
11170
17740
4320
710
3020
9150
37930
5870
2430
4270
31330
11170
3160
24490
10370
3190
2790
6240
12170
2040
22150
0
1650
4630
138160
1320
0
42020
16100
2300
4270
0
462000
Grade
5.20
12.50
7.40
9.00
6.90
7.00
6.40
7.30
9.00
12.40
8.20
6.20
7.30
10.20
8.50
5.60
13.00
7.80
5.30
7.70
11.90
9.20
6.30
15.30
0.00
4.50
6.20
9.90
5.70
0.00
11.90
16.10
6.30
11.20
0.00
9.80
Ton
0
0
0
2700
2800
0
600
0
0
5000
0
600
2400
23000
14900
4400
500
4700
1400
7500
11700
27300
30800
20700
0
1100
600
103400
14200
0
116800
24300
31700
27700
0
480700
Inferred
Ounce
0
0
0
610
580
0
100
0
0
2240
0
90
400
7400
5090
790
70
1360
210
2820
5070
9560
6120
10720
0
160
140
29410
2330
0
41510
12510
9280
11440
0
159990
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Grade
0.00
0.00
0.00
7.00
6.50
0.00
4.80
0.00
0.00
14.00
0.00
4.90
5.20
10.00
10.60
5.50
4.80
9.00
4.80
11.70
13.40
10.90
6.20
16.10
0.00
4.30
6.70
8.80
5.10
0.00
11.10
16.00
9.10
12.80
0.00
10.40
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Table 14.16 Mineral resources in the Triangle Zone (all veins) per elevation
Level
285
255
225
195
165
135
105
75
45
15
15
45
75
105
135
165
195
225
255
285
315
Total
Depth
30m.
60m.
90m.
120m.
150m.
180m.
210m.
240m.
270m.
300m.
330m.
360m.
390m.
420m.
450m.
480m.
510m.
540m.
570m.
600m.
630m.
CutOff
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Ton
16400
133700
168400
76400
104600
97900
130700
157800
191100
122900
59300
84800
127400
100100
147800
206200
214300
221700
162800
45500
500
2570300
Ounce
3290
32220
32330
12550
19910
30890
30140
43070
45720
29190
14770
20620
36540
27990
44340
57620
73750
75940
51390
12540
120
694940
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Grade
6.20
7.50
6.00
5.10
5.90
9.80
7.20
8.50
7.40
7.40
7.70
7.60
8.90
8.70
9.30
8.70
10.70
10.70
9.80
8.60
7.40
8.40
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14.4.14.
14.5.
14.5.1.
Methodology
The Mineral Resource Estimate and geostatistical study detailed in this report was
performed using Isatis (V.2013.1) software. The method involves a 3D Block Model
estimated with Kriging.
14.5.2.
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14.5.3.
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14.5.4.
The first indication of the necessity to capping high values is the coefficient of
variation CV. Ideally, this should be located close to 1. A CV above 2 is
generally considered an indication that high values should be capped. In the
case of very high CV, uncapped grades may make it difficult to produce a
clean variogram.
Figure 14.21 shows comparative distribution (density, histogram, box plot and
probability plot) of gold values for all samples within each vein. From this, one can
note that sample distribution from each vein may be assimilated to a log-normal
distribution. The distribution of metal contents within the percentile classes would
suggest the use of a capping at 25 g/t. The relatively low value for the CV (2.68) may
not argue in favor of a capping grade. Figure 14.22 shows the effect of different
capping grades (prior to compositing; total ounces estimated at 3 g/t cut-off). This
graph suggests the presence of two different populations. It is also evident that at
capping grades over 40 g/t, the slope of percentage of ounces lost changes abruptly.
To make it smoother, it is recommended to gradually limit the higher gold values
(over 40 g/t) prior to compositing. When the grade is over 40 g/t, the author suggests
using the following formula:
This capping grade will affect only three (3) samples (1.8% of the selected samples)
and will reduce the total amount of ounces by 3.3%.
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14.5.5.
Compositing
Compositing was compiled using the grade of the adjacent material when assayed,
or a value of zero when not assayed.
In order to minimize any bias introduced by the variable sample lengths, capped gold
assays (as determined in previous subsection) were composited to 1.0-metre equal
lengths (1.0m composites) within all intervals that define each of the mineralized
zones. Tails were not created; they were instead distributed over the previous
composites.
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14.5.6.
Variography
The author modelled the composite variography considering all the veins as one
uniform group using Isatis software. The objectives of this step consist of:
Defining the Kriging equations. The equations deriving from the variograms
are required during the Kriging interpolation. These equations take into
account the nugget effect (C0), the model of dispersion (spherical,
exponential), the range and the variance in each three axes (1, 2 and 3).
It is common to use more than one model in order to better represent the
dispersion (short and long) of each of the axes before reaching the level (total
variance).
An omnidirectional variogram was first calculated to estimate the nugget effect (C0).
Second, 18 directional variograms located in the horizontal plane were then
calculated. This allows defining the direction of longer continuity (longitudinal
direction). The next step includes 18 directional variograms set in the vertical plane
parallel to the longitudinal direction and another 18 directional variograms set in a
vertical plan perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The final step involved 18
directional variograms on an inclined plan representing the best plan fit for all mid
points (longitudinal plan). This step allows having an overview of the variance of the
idealized sphere in order to verify the presence of a directional anisotropy.
The variography was very difficult to establish. In fact, all structures were hidden by
only one sample (sample number P174683 with a grade of 94.3 g/t). When this
sample is removed, the variograms became more clear, not perfect but usable. This
study did not demonstrate a clear anisotropy. Thus, it was proposed to use an
omnidirectional variogram as shown in Figure 14.23.
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Distance (m)
0
25
50
75
100
131
20
480
284
323
125
20
521
44
435
473
147
10
10
Variogram : Au
Variogram : Au
415
25
50
75
100
125
Distance (m)
Figure 14.23 Omnidirectional variography (Vein No. 6)
14.5.7.
Bulk Density
A specific gravity of 2.80 g/cm3 was used to estimate the tonnage for the previous
20122013 Mineral Resource Estimate.
14.5.8.
Easting: 293250mE
Northing: 5330000mN
Elevation: -100m
The block model was not rotated, and the error on volume calculated from the block
model compared to the volume estimated from the wireframe is lower than 0.04%.
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14.5.9.
14.5.10.
14.5.11.
Resource Categories
The resource classification definitions used for this report are those published by the
Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum in their document CIM
Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Reserves.
Measured Mineral Resource: that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape, physical characteristics are so well established
that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate
application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning
and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on
detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade
continuity.
Indicated Mineral Resource: that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be estimated with
a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and
economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic
viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration
and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such
as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough
for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.
Inferred Mineral Resource: that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and
grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited
2015 NI 43-101 Technical Report and Mineral Resource Estimate Update on the Lamaque project
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sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity.
The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes. Resources from this category should not be used to support mine
planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit.
The Indicated category was assigned to each cell where the first search ellipsoid
was used. For each cell where the second search ellipsoid was used, the Inferred
category was assigned.
No measured category was assigned to any blocks.
14.5.12.
These parameters give a first estimation of the cut-off at 2.7 g/t. However, it is clear
that the parameters do not represent the total cost. Environmental, development,
administration costs, etc. were not taken into account. Another 25% may be added to
the costs previously considered. Doing so will push the estimation of the cut-off to
3.35 g/t. A cut-off of 3.0 g/t for the official estimation is proposed.
Other cut-off grades were also compiled, but for illustrative purposes only. The cutoff grade must be re-evaluated in light of prevailing market conditions and other
factors, including gold price, exchange rate, mining method, related costs, etc.
(Tables 14.17 to 14.18).
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Ton
402500
384100
334500
292700
260600
221900
198600
173000
138600
117200
93600
VeinA
Grade
3.6
3.7
4.2
4.6
4.9
5.4
5.7
6
6.6
7
7.6
Onces
46070
45820
44630
42920
41140
38310
36210
33550
29400
26480
22900
Ton
324900
217700
160000
126900
111700
98600
85600
73900
59000
51200
46400
Ton
60400
56200
45100
41000
38200
32500
28400
25600
22400
20000
17100
VeinA
Grade
3.4
3.6
4.3
4.6
4.8
5.2
5.6
5.8
6.1
6.4
6.6
Onces
6500
6450
6180
6020
5860
5450
5090
4800
4420
4090
3650
Ton
60300
22200
14000
13300
13300
13300
13100
12400
11700
7900
6200
Indicated(Cappedgraduallyover40g/t)
VeinB
Grade
Onces
Ton
2.3
23610
105200
3.3
22960
105200
4.2
21560
105200
5
20280
105200
5.4
19460
105200
5.8
18520
105200
6.3
17340
105200
6.8
16110
105200
7.6
14330
105200
8.1
13260
105200
8.4
12530
105200
Inferred(Cappedgraduallyover40g/t)
VeinB
Grade
Onces
Ton
1.4
2620
70100
3.5
2470
70100
5.1
2310
70100
5.3
2280
70100
5.3
2280
70100
5.3
2280
70100
5.4
2260
70100
5.5
2180
70100
5.6
2100
70100
6.2
1590
70100
6.6
1330
70100
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VeinC
Grade
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
Onces
26010
26010
26010
26010
26010
26010
26010
26010
26010
26010
26010
Ton
832600
707000
599700
524800
477400
425700
389400
352200
302800
273600
245200
Total(all3veins)
Grade
3.6
4.2
4.8
5.3
5.6
6.1
6.4
6.7
7.2
7.5
7.8
Onces
95680
94780
92200
89200
86600
82830
79550
75670
69740
65750
61440
VeinC
Grade
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.7
Onces
17250
17250
17250
17250
17250
17250
17250
17250
17250
17250
17250
Ton
190800
148500
129200
124500
121600
115900
111600
108100
104200
98100
93400
Total(all3veins)
Grade
4.3
5.5
6.2
6.4
6.5
6.7
6.9
7
7.1
7.3
7.4
Onces
26370
26160
25730
25550
25390
24980
24590
24220
23760
22930
22220
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Table 14.18 Resources estimates for Vein No. 6 calculated using progressive
capping above 40 g/t (cut-off grade of 3 g/t)
Benchtoe
Indicated
Inferred
(m)
Ton
Grade
Onces
Ton
Grade
Onces
285
<100
4.7
<10
0
0
0
255
29100
4.1
3870
300
3.1
30
225
79700
5
12760
5300
6.6
1140
195
118300
7
26690
12500
5.5
2210
165
45400
5.7
8240
5500
5.7
1010
135
11800
5.3
2010
17600
5.2
2920
105
0
0
0
300
4.4
50
75
0
0
0
0
0
0
45
0
0
0
100
7.6
20
15
13300
7.6
3230
18100
7.6
4410
15
44800
7.6
10940
0
0
0
45
47100
7.8
11840
4700
7.8
1190
75
0
0
0
46000
7.7
11320
105
0
0
0
1300
7.6
310
Total
389400
6.4
79550
111600
6.9
24590
14.5.13.
14.5.14.
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14.6.
14.6.1.
Methodology
The Mineral Resource Estimate and geostatistical study detailed in this report was
performed using Isatis (V. 2013.1) software. The method involves a 3D Block Model
estimated with an ordinary kriging (OK) interpolator on selected samples which are
strictly constrained to an area of high vein density within a felsic intrusive plug.
14.6.2.
14.6.3.
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14.6.4.
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The first indication of the necessity to cap high values is the coefficient of
variation CV. Ideally, this value should be close to 1. A CV above 2 is
generally considered an indication that high values should be capped. In the
case of very high CV, uncapped grades may make it difficult to produce a
clean variogram.
Especially when the grades of all the intersections are not the most important
parameters for marking the zone, it is always possible to proceed with a full
resource estimation using different capping grades. Then a graph showing
the percentage of total ounces lost relative to the capping grade used may
point out a change in the gold distribution.
Figures 14.25 and 14.26 show the distribution (density, histogram, box plot,
probability plot and percentage of ounces lost relative to capped samples) of gold
values for all samples within the High Probability for Mineralized Zone. From this
graph it is clear that High Probability for Mineralized Zone samples do not form a
simple normal or log-normal population. It seems to be a bimodal distribution. One
can propose an assemblage of two log-normal populations to explain this
distribution. The waste population may represent close to 75% of the samples with a
median close to 0.1 and grades ranging from 0.002 to 1 g/t. In that case the
mineralized zone population may have a median around 5 g/t and grades ranging
from 0.1 to 70 g/t. The distribution of metal contents within the percentile classes
show more than 24% of the total metal appearing within 1% of the samples. To
satisfy the metal factor methodology, the grade must be capped at 15 g/t. This is
considered to overly conservative and unrealistic for the observed bimodal
distribution. Based on the graph showing the reduction of total ounces relative to
capping grade, the author recommends limiting higher gold values at 35 g/t. This
capping limit will affect six (6) samples, drive the CV to 2.7, and reduce the total
amount of gold by 10%. At this point we may presume that the high CV will make
variography very difficult to establish.
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Figure 14.25 Capping grade distribution versus % ounces lost (Sixteen Zone)
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Figure 14.26 Grade distribution within the High Probability Ore (Sixteen
Zone)
14.6.5.
Compositing
In order to minimize the bias introduced by the variable sample lengths, capped gold
assays (as determined in a previous subsection) were composited to 0.7-metre
equal lengths (0.7m composites) within all intervals that define the High Probability
for Mineralized Zone. Tails were not created; they were instead distributed over the
previous composites.
14.6.6.
Variography
The composite variography of the High Probability for Mineralized Zone was
modelled using Isatis software. The objectives of this step consist of:
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subselection to estimate the value of a central point. The anisotropy may also
be used to select and weigh samples during the de-clustering steps.
Defining the Kriging equations. The equations deriving from the variograms
are required during the Kriging interpolation. These equations take into
account the nugget effect (C0), the model of dispersion (spherical,
exponential, cubic, etc.), the range and the variance in each three axes (1,
2 and 3). It is frequent to use more than one model in order to better
represent the dispersion (short and long) of each of the axes before reaching
the level (total variance).
An omnidirectional variogram was first calculated to estimate the nugget effect (C0).
Second, 18 directional variograms located in the horizontal plane were calculated
permitting to define the direction of longer continuity (longitudinal direction). The next
step includes 18 directional variograms set in the vertical plane parallel to the
longitudinal direction and another 18 directional variograms set in a vertical plan
perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The final step involved 18 directional
variograms on an inclined plan representing the best plan fit for all mid points
(longitudinal plan). This step allows having an overview of the variance of the
idealized sphere in order to verify the presence of a directional anisotropy.
The author was unable to model a clear geometrical anisotropy, thus an
omnidirectional model was created in which the nugget effect counts for 78% of the
total variance; a cubic model with a range of 72 m was used.
Figure 14.27 shows the experimental and model variogram obtained from the
Sixteen Zone composites.
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Distance (m)
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Variogram : Au25
Variogram : Au25
0
10
Distance (m)
Figure 14.27 Omnidirectional variography of the composites (Sixteen Zone)
14.6.7.
Bulk Density
A specific gravity of 2.80 g/cm3 was used to estimate the tonnage for the 2013
Mineral Resource Estimate.
14.6.8.
Easting: 292260 m E
Northing: 5329560 m N
Elevation: 40 m (
The block model was not rotated and error on the volume calculated from the block
model was compared to the volume estimated from the wireframe revealing a
variation lower than 0.01%.
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14.6.9.
14.6.10.
14.6.11.
Resource Categories
The resource classification definitions used for this report are those published by the
Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum in their document CIM
Definition Standards for Mineral Resources and Reserves.
Measured Mineral Resource: that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape, physical characteristics are so well established
that they can be estimated with confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate
application of technical and economic parameters, to support production planning
and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on
detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing information gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes that are spaced closely enough to confirm both geological and grade
continuity.
Indicated Mineral Resource: that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity,
grade or quality, densities, shape and physical characteristics can be estimated with
a level of confidence sufficient to allow the appropriate application of technical and
economic parameters, to support mine planning and evaluation of the economic
viability of the deposit. The estimate is based on detailed and reliable exploration
and testing information gathered through appropriate techniques from locations such
as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that are spaced closely enough
for geological and grade continuity to be reasonably assumed.
Inferred Mineral Resource: that part of a Mineral Resource for which quantity and
grade or quality can be estimated on the basis of geological evidence and limited
sampling and reasonably assumed, but not verified, geological and grade continuity.
The estimate is based on limited information and sampling gathered through
appropriate techniques from locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and
drill holes. Resources from this category should not be used to support mine
planning and evaluation of the economic viability of the deposit.
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The Indicated category was assigned to each cell where the grade was estimated
using the first pass ellipsoid. An Inferred category was assign to all cells estimated
with the extended search ellipsoid. No other adjustment was made to this
classification scheme.
No measured category was assigned to any blocks.
14.6.12.
These parameters give a first estimation of the cut-off at 2.7 g/t Au. However, it is
clear that the parameters do not represent total cost. Environmental, development
and administration costs, etc. were not taken into account. Another 25% may be
added to the cost previously considered. Doing so will push the estimation of the cutoff to 3.35 g/t Au. The author suggests a cut-off at 3.0 g/t Au for the official
estimation (see Table 14.19).
Other cut-off grades were also compiled, but for illustrative and comparative
purposes only. The cut-off grade must be re-evaluated in light of prevailing market
conditions and other factors: gold price, exchange rate, mining method, related
costs, etc.
14.6.13.
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14.6.14.
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14.7.
14.7.1.
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extraction, Micon applied a cutoff grade of 1 g/t Au to the reported resources in these
zones.
The previous June, 2009 Technical Report included block modelling for two resource
areas which were termed Sigma Below Pit, 1000 to 2000 level and Sigma Below
Pit, 2000 to 2600 level. Micon conducted an initial review of these block models and
concluded that they are invalid and require extensive remodelling from first principles
in order to be included as part of the current resource estimate.
If the work is conducted such that a valid block model can be produced for the Sigma
Below Pit area, Integra may be able to re-incorporate this material into future
resource estimates. As the database for the Sigma Below Pit areas already exists in
paper format and partially in electronic format, it should be a relatively simple but
somewhat time-consuming exercise for Integra to conduct, and it may allow it to
increase its resource base in a relatively short period of time.
The polygonal mineral resources were estimated by previous operators Teck and
subsequently McWatters at Lamaque, and by Placer Dome at Sigma. The polygonal
method used to estimate measured and indicated mineral resources that are
respectively the basis of the proven and probable mineral reserves, was developed
over a long period of time and has been used historically at both the Sigma and
Lamaque mines. A mineralized section of each shear zone or dyke was blocked out
on a longitudinal section between levels at 125 ft (38.1 m) vertical intervals. Volume
was determined using the longitudinal area and the average thickness. The number
of tons was estimated by dividing the volume by the appropriate tonnage factor (12
ft3/st), equal to 2.67 t/m3. The grade of the block was determined using the lengthweighted average of all assays within the block (reported in pennyweights: dwt).
Areas with assays below 2 dwt/st or 0.10 oz/st Au (3.4 g/t Au) were discarded, and
assays greater than 20 dwt/st or 1.0 oz/st Au (34.28 g/t Au) were cut to 1.0 oz/st Au
(34.28 g/t Au). Mineral resources that were projected 35 ft (10.7 m) above or 35 ft
(10.7 m) below a level were assigned to the measured category. The remaining
mineralization between the levels, at a distance greater than 35 ft (10.7 m) above or
below a level, was categorized as indicated mineral resources. Measured and
indicated resources that met the defined economic criteria were converted into
proven and probable reserves. During Micons audit it converted the imperial figures
in the original estimates to metric. A majority of the polygonal resource blocks
appear to be remnants from previous mining, rather than new resources that
potentially could be expanded as further work is conducted. These remnants have
limited potential to be expanded.
During its audit, Micon has corrected, to the extent possible, the errors and
omissions for the polygonal estimates contained in the previous Century technical
reports dated January 2008, February 2009 and June 2009. All of the polygonal
blocks for which supporting data were available were checked and corrections
applied where necessary. In most cases, where reasonable supporting data were
available, Micon accepted Centurys previous resource classification. Where
insufficient supporting data were available for review, Micon down-graded the
resources to the inferred category to reflect the uncertainty associated with
converting the historical resource estimate into a current resource estimate. The
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down-grading also removed this material from the mineral reserve inventory of the
project.
The review and audit of the various components of the total resource estimate have
been conducted and are discussed herein as separate entities. Table 14.16
summarizes all of the separate resource areas as a total for the Sigma-Lamaque
property. The resource estimate is as of June 20, 2011.
Table 14.20 has not been updated to take into account the mining which was
conducted to May 25, 2012 by Century. According to personnel remaining on site,
the mining production conducted by Century were from flats, the Bdard Dyke and
the Sigma West areas which were not included in the last resource estimate. Only
1,330 oz (27,288 tonnes) were mined from North Wall Shear (Sigma) and North Wall
Dyke (Sigma), which were part of the June 20, 2011 resource estimate.
The mineral resource estimate reported in the August 2011 Technical Report (Lewis
et al., 2011) for Century was not updated for this report and has not been
superseded by any other updates. It is considering the previous review and audit
done by Micon in 2011 to be valid for the purpose of disclosing the Sigma-Lamaque
resource as a current mineral resource.
The Mineral Resource Estimate for the Sigma-Lamaque were not included in the
current PEA.
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Table 14.20 Mineral resource estimate for the Sigma-Lamaque mine as of June 20, 2011
Sigma-Lamaque Mine Project Measured and Indicated Resources
Cut-off
Grade
(g/t Au)
2.1
1
1
1
Area
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
North Wall
Shears
North Wall
Dykes
Sigma
Polygons
Estimation
Methodology
Measured
Indicated
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Block Model
92,000
6.52
19,000
92,000
6.52
19,000
Block Model
387,000
4.34
54,000
633,000
4.42
90,000
1,020,000
4.39
144,000
Block Model
188,000
2.48
15,000
188,000
2.48
15,000
Polygonal
764,000
6.04
148,000
1,610,000
5.02
260,000
2,374,000
5.35
408,000
Total
1,151,000
5.46
202,000
2,523,000
4.73
384,000
3,674,000
4.96
586,000
Area
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
Lamaque
Main Mine
Cross-Over
North Wall
Shears
North Wall
Dykes
Sigma
Polygons
Estimation
Methodology
Inferred
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Block Model
32,000
5.54
6,000
Polygonal
134,000
6.03
26,000
Polygonal
672,000
6.57
142,000
Block model
749,000
11.04
266,000
Block Model
364,000
5.13
60,000
Block Model
434,000
5.45
76,000
Polygonal
6,774,000
5.86
1,277,000
Total
9,159,000
6.29
1,853,000
Table extracted from the August 2011 Micon Technical Report for Century Mining Corporation (Lewis et al., 2011).
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15.
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16.
MINING METHODS
The following section (item 13) is taken directly from the report titled Technical
Report and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project
(according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27,
2015, prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015) and describes the results of the
technical work undertaken by InnovExplo to produce a mine plan for a Preliminary
Economic Assessment (PEA) Study for the Lamaque underground project based on
a Mineral Resource Estimate produced by Geologica Groupe-Conseil Inc. and
GoPointCom Inc. in an earlier report prepared for the issuer titled NI 43-101
Technical Report on the Lamaque Property, published in November 2013
(Beauregard et al., 2013). The PEA has not been updated in light of the current
Mineral Resource estimate.
16.1.
16.2.
Introduction
The updated PEA was prepared as an underground mining project based solely on
the mineral resources reported by the issuer on September 25, 2013. The majority of
the gold mineralization is hosted within two deposits, the Triangle Zone and the
Parallel Zone, located approximately 2 km apart. Secondary mineralized zones
included within the PEA are the No. 4 Plug, which would be accessed via
underground infrastructure from the Triangle Zone (South Zones), and the Fortune
Zone, which would be accessed via the Parallel Zone (North Zones) infrastructure.
Mineralization at the Lamaque Project would be accessed via two separate ramps.
In the proposed development plan, the Triangle Zone and No. 4 Plug would be
accessed by way of a ramp (the South Zones), or decline, from surface which would
be collared approximately 450 m west of the Triangle Zone limit.
Access to the Parallel Zone will be achieved through the completion of a 700 m
lateral ramp starting from the existing Sigma underground workings. The existing
underground workings are 4.25 m by 4.25 m and are accessed by a fully serviced
portal, including ventilation, power and water services, with the entrance in the
southeast wall of the Sigma pit. The starting point of the ramp to the Parallel Zone is
located underground, approximately 200 m from the portal entry-way in the pit.
The mining plan for the Lamaque Project calls for a combination of conventional and
mechanized mining. Two mining methods are proposed based on vein geometry of
the four deposits: long-hole and room and pillar. The approach in this study has been
to force the application of long-hole mining where applicable. Waste material
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generated from drift development will be used to backfill part of the long-hole open
stopes.
The project will use the existing surface and underground infrastructure, mill and
tailings facility of the Sigma site. The Sigma site will be the base for operations and
for the mining of the Parallel and Fortune Zones. The South Zones will be serviced
with independent infrastructure to operate and the mineralized material will be
transported to the Sigma Mill.
The overall life of the Project is expected to be approximately 6 years, including a
1.5-year pre-production period, followed by 4.5 years of production. Once mining
operations are completed, 1 year will be required to complete the mine closure work.
The use of the Sigma Mill is the primary difference from the previous PEA, and
generates the majority of the economic benefits in this PEA update. Capital cost
requirements for refurbishment work and for increasing the tailings pond capacity, as
well as operating costs for milling, were evaluated by independent consulting firms
WSP and Amec Foster Wheeler using a projected throughput rate of 1,300 tpd.
16.3.
Tonnes
(metric tons)
1,325,100
377,800
947,300
932,000
3,582,200
Grade
(grams per tonne)
5.6
5.7
9.7
11.0
8.1
Ounces
237,450
68,820
295,620
328,270
930,160
A portion of the tonnage included in the Parallel Zone comes from the No. 7 veins
and consists of Inferred resources only. Two of the three No. 7 veins demonstrate
much higher grades than the average grade of the Project. For this PEA, in order to
minimize the influence of these satellite zones that have been estimated based on
only one (1) diamond drill hole per vein, InnovExplo used only half the grade value
for veins C and F. The long-hole tonnage was also reduced by half for all the No. 7
veins. See Table 16.2 for details.
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C
D
Tonnage
(t)
41,178
43,476
Grade
(g/t)
17.94
4.69
Ounces
(oz)
23,751
6,556
Tonnage
(t)
24,369
26,778
Grade
(g/t)
8.97
4.69
Ounces
(oz)
7,028
4,038
40,274
27.72
35,893
23,917
13.86
10,658
TOTAL
124,928
16.48
66,199
75,064
9.00
21,723
Veins
For the Parallel, Fortune and Triangle zones, a cut-off grade of 4.0 g/t was applied to
sectors amenable to the long-hole mining method, and a cut-off grade of 4.5 g/t to
sectors amenable to the room and pillar mining method. Small satellite veins were
eliminated when located too far from principal points of access. A surface pillar of
approximately 25 m from surface bedrock was considered. For No. 4 Plug, Franois
Chabot of Integra Gold delineated stopes in higher grade areas based on resource
blocks calculated by GoPointCom, and provided the information to InnovExplo.
Table 16.3 presents the resources potentially amenable to mining that were used to
prepare the preliminary mining plan for the Lamaque Project.
16.4.
Tonnage
(metric tons)
401,400
194,484
651,870
694,360
1,942,119
Grade
(g/t)
6.4
6.9
10.0
13.0
10.0
Contained Gold
(oz)
82,213
43,012
209,373
289,849
624,447
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Zone that were logged following the training. The information provided below was
extracted from Golders report.
16.4.1.
16.4.2.
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16.4.3.
Table 16.7 Approximate UCS ranges by ISRM field hardness (modified from ISRM, 1978)
Based on the field hardness values measured from the core from the Triangle Zone,
rock mass UCS is similar for the volcanic and intrusive rock types and can be
estimated at approximately 75 MPa, with an overall range between 25 MPa and 250
MPa. While weaker sections of rock can be expected to be encountered locally (e.g.,
associated with faulting or shearing), an overall lower bound for the rock mass,
corresponding to the lower limit of the R4 classification of 50 MPa, can be assumed.
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16.4.4.
The fracture count indicates that an average of 4 fractures per metre of core can be
expected for all rock types. However, the upper bound indicates that there are up to
7 fractures per metre in the volcanics, and 6 fractures per metre in the intrusives.
This leads to an average fracture spacing of 0.25 m in all rock types, with a lower
bound fracture spacing of 0.14 m in the volcanics, and 0.17 m in the intrusives.
16.4.5.
Crown Pillar
For the current PEA, a permanent crown pillar of 25 meters was considered in the
mining area. This will have to be validated for the prefeasibility study.
For the other sectors, Mine No. 3 and Plug 4, where mining occurred, once the
historical stopes have been located and confirmed, an investigation program should
be undertaken, as necessary, to determine the presence, thickness and condition of
crown pillars located above the historical mining. Of particular concern is the location
of the stopes relative to the old mine tailings and existing surface infrastructure. The
stability of these crowns, the associated risk of failure, and possible remediation
measures should be addressed.
The impact of dewatering the underground workings on the stability of the existing
crown pillars, particularly above the existing Mine No. 3 workings, will also need to
be further investigated. The historical workings in this area lie directly below the
Lamaque tailings basin.
16.4.6.
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Maximum
Span
16.5 ft (5 m)
23.0 ft (7 m)
26.2 ft (8 m)
32.8 ft (10 m)
39.4 ft (12 m)
* Bolt length indicates the length installed within the rock and
excludes any threads or bars outside the drill hole.
Screening of the back to 1.52 m above the floor is recommended for all excavations
3.5 m or higher (Fig. 16.3). The screen is intended as a safety measure where back
height will make routine inspections and scaling more difficult. Once additional
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structural and rock quality information are available, it will be possible to optimize the
ground support standards.
StandardSupportPatternasafunctionofExcavationDimensions
6,5
6
ExcavationHeight(m)
5,5
5
4,5
4
Add1rowofwall
bolts/additional
category
3,5
3
2,5
Add1boltto
back/additional
category
2
1,5
1,5
2,5
3,5
4,5
5,5
6,5
ExcavationSpan (m)
Addscreen (backto1.5maboveBOR)
Note that the transitions between bolting patterns are suggested guidelines and will
vary slightly depending on the degree of arching of the excavation back.
16.4.7.
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Mining Method
As mentioned earlier, two mining methods are proposed to accommodate the
geometry of the mineralization. The mining methods were selected according to vein
geometry and common practices for comparable mining operations in the region, an
area with an extensive history of underground mining. For mineralized zones dipping
less than 45, a room and pillar mining method is proposed, and sublevel long-hole
retreat is proposed for zones dipping more than 45.
16.5.1.
Long-hole Method
For mineralized zones dipping more than 45 in the North Zones and Triangle Zones,
the long-hole mining method will be used with mechanized sublevel development
completed at 16 m intervals along the vein. Typical stopes will have a thickness of
2 m and a length of 20 m as presented in Figure 16.4.
The development sequence consists of accessing the mineralized zone and
excavating a level cut in the mineralized zone. The mining sequence will require the
excavation of a raise opening, which is either developed as a conventional raise or
as a drop raise when a top access is available. Once development is completed, the
mineralized zone is surveyed with precision for the preparation of the drilling and
blasting pattern (Fig. 16-5).
The method consists of drilling and blasting 64-mm (2.5) diameter holes in a pattern
parallel to the walls. Mucking will be done longitudinally using remote controlled
scoops. Rock-fill will be used in long-hole stopes for the North Zones. Assuming uncemented backfill and a 3 m pillar between adjacent stopes, a mining recovery of
85% is considered.
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Figure 16.4 Typical isometric long hole stope view of the North
Ramp and Triangle zones.
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Figure 16.5 Typical longitudinal stope view of the North Zones and Triangle
Zones
The mining method planned in the No. 4 Plug is only long-hole. However, since the
stopes are larger than other areas of the mines, drilling will be achieved on a 76-mm
(3) diameter. Figure 16.6 presents a typical drilling pattern in the No. 4 Plug. In this
study, 11 stopes are present in the No. 4 Plug, distributed over 400 m in elevation,
and no backfill is planned to be used.
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16.5.2.
16.6.
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Drifts were extended toward the No. 4 Plug from the Mine No. 3 area to provide
access at the 450ft (137.16 m) and 700ft levels (213.36 m). The No. 4 Plug was
mined from workings above the 700ft level, yielding 160,000 tons. On the 300ft level
(91.44 m), the No. 3 Mine is also connected with the upper part of the No. 5 Plug.
In the proposed mining plan, the 700ft level (213.36 m) is located at a distance of
15 m from the safety raise planned for the Parallel Zone at elevation 100-2. The
300ft (91.46 m) level is located in between the plan ramp and the safety access drift
connecting the Parallel and Fortune Zones at a distance of 10 m from the ramp and
7 m from the drift. In the South Zones, the 700ft (213.36 m) level runs 30 m over
stope 24 of the No. 4 Plug. These openings will not be rehabilitated, although the
mine will be dewatered before these areas are mined (see Figure 16.8).
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Figure 16.8 Plan view of existing infrastructure belonging to the Lamaque Project
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16.7.
Dewatering
In parallel with the development work, the existing Mine No. 3 mine infrastructure will
have to be dewatered from surface to the 700ft level (213.36 m). The volume of the
existing opening is estimated to be 100,000 m3.
16.8.
16.8.1.
Development
NorthRamp
Rampordrift(4.5mx4.5m)
Sublevel(3mx3m)
Alimakraise(3mx3m)
Conventionalraise(2mx2m)
1,658
134
144
18
1,431
1,155
27
15
Production(year)
0(Q34)
1,662
985
66
Total
3,319
2,045
45
3,156
2,542
210
89
551
1,971
193
11,776
8,832
640
167
In the upper part of the Parallel Zone, levels will be developed from the main ramp.
In the lower part of the Parallel Zone (No. 7 veins), sublevels will be developed to
access three zones of mineralized material. Excavation in mineralized material is
usually 3 m high, but the width varies in relation to vein thickness in order to provide
the best development scenario for drilling positions. Ore and waste will be hauled by
LHDs from the production area to either a remuck bay or a loading point close to the
ramp, and loaded into trucks to be hauled directly to surface (Sigma pit). Figures
16.9 and 16.10 illustrate the general development arrangement in the Parallel and
Fortune zones.
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Figure 16.9 Longitudinal view of the Parallel Zone (incl. the No. 7 veins) and the Fortune Zone, looking north.
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Parallel is connected to Fortune by a 4.5m x 4.5m ramp for 30t trucking haulage, and by a 3m x 3m track drift access for ventilation and a safety exit (Fig. 16.10.)
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16.8.2.
Preproduction(year)
1
0(Q12)
1
1
1
2
Operationalworkplace
Operationalperiod(year)
0(Q34)
1
2
3
2
1
5
2
2
6
2
1
6
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4
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Figure 16.11 Longitudinal view of the Parallel Zone without the No. 7 veins, looking north.
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The ramp access to fortune zone is planned to start in the third quarter of Year 0. At
the end of Year 1, development will be completed on the Parallel Zone. The next
priority will be to develop access to the No. 7 veins and the Fortune Zone. One
jumbo crew will be assigned to developing the ramp to access the No. 7 veins, and a
second team will focus on the Fortune Zone. The long tom equipment will be
modified to operate on rails, in order to develop the safety access between the
Parallel and Fortune zones. The development of the No. 7 veins and the Fortune
Zone will be completed in the middle of Year 3 and production will end at the
beginning of Year 4.
16.8.3.
Preproduction(year)
1
0(Q12)
SouthRamp
Rampordrift(4.5mx4.5mor4.5mx5m)
803
Drift(4mx3m)
Drift(4mx4m)
99
Sublevel(3mx3m,3.5mx3mor3.5mx2.8m)
Alimakraise(3mx3m)
Conventionalraise(2.5mx2.5or3mx3m)
Total
Production(year)
0(Q34)
1,018
1,358
207
419
53
1,034
201
15
2,338
492
219
1,158
205
1,405
2,580
387
378
32
2,257
75
153
1,738
408
42
188
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9,386
3,566
911
4,308
1,033
57
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Figure 16.12 Longitudinal view of the Triangle Zone and No. 4 Plug, looking west.
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16.8.4.
Preproduction(year)
1
0(Q12)
SouthRamp
Jumbodevelopment(3miners/crew,3crews/gear)
Conventionaldevelopment(drift,2miners/crew,3crews/gear)
Room&pillar(2miners/crew,2crews/stope)
16.9.
Operationalworkplace
Operationalperiod(year)
0(Q34)
1
2
3
2
1
4
2
1
8
11
16.10.
Mining rate
The expected production rate will start in preproduction at an average of 225 tpd
from the North Zones in Q1 of Year 0, and will slowly ramp up to an average of 722
tpd in Year 1. The production period average is 613 tpd from the North Zones. The
South Zones production will start in Q2 of pre-production Year 0 at 102 tpd, to bring
the production level to 572 tpd in Year 1. The production period average from the
South Zones is 638 tpd. The preliminary conceptual mine plan has a production
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period of 4.5 years, and a pre-production period of 1.5 years. The average
production level for the North and South Zones is 1252 tpd (340 days/year).
Limited production would occur during the pre-production stage, accounting for
approximately 17,755 ounces over the course of the 1.5-year pre-production period.
Average annual production after the pre-production stage is 442,400 t at a diluted
grade (or head grade) of 8.24 g/t Au, for 109,740 gold ounces recovered (average
recovery of 92.1%).
16.11.
The manpower resource on each working shift used to prepare the following mine
schedule includes:
16.12.
2 men per crew, usually with cross-shift for room and pillar; a maximum of 23
crews will be required for the Project;
3 long-hole drillers;
4 truck drivers;
3 LHD operators;
12 development crew per jumbo, for a total of 4 jumbos:
Each crew consists of 1 jumbo operator and 2 workers for ground support
and services; the truck operator is not included;
Three crews of 2 workers for sublevel development in the North Zones;
Two crews of 2 workers for sublevel development in the South Zones.
Equipment
This study is based on new equipment that would be acquired by Integra Gold
through financing agreements. The list of equipment considered for the Project is
presented in Table 16.14.
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16.13.
0(Q23)
1
1
5
4
2
2
4
2
1
2
3
6
1
2
1
4
1
42
Operationalperiod(year)
1
2
3
2
2
2
1
2
2
5
4
4
4
4
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
4
4
3
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
0
0
3
3
3
10
10
10
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
1
1
1
47
45
42
4
2
2
3
2
2
0
0
0
1
0
3
8
1
2
1
4
1
32
Manpower requirements
The mine will operate seven (7) days a week, excluding night shifts on Fridays and
Saturdays. This schedule is equivalent to 312 days per year of operation.
Tables 16.15 and 16.16 present the manpower requirements during the LOM,
excluding process plant manpower.
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Preproduction(year)
1
0(Q12)
Production(year)
0(Q23)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
4
0.5
0.5
1
4
0
0
2
4
0
0
2
4
0
0
2
4
0
0
2
4
0
0
2
4
0
0
2
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Preproduction(year)
1
0(Q12)
Production(year)
0(Q23)
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
4
3
1
1
1
2
4
3
1
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
2
4
4
1
1
0
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
2
3
2
3
1
1
1
2
3
2
4
1
1
1
2
3
2
4
1
1
1
2
3
2
4
1
1
1
2
3
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
6
1
1
1
2
10
1
1
1
2
10
1
1
1
2
12
2
1
1
2
12
2
1
1
2
12
2
1
1
2
12
2
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
8
1
1
1
8
1
2
6
0
1
2
12
0
1
2
12
0
1
2
14
2
1
2
14
2
1
2
14
2
1
2
14
2
1
6
0
6
12
0
0
0
0
0
4
2
101
52
1
10
4
17
29
3
26
6
2
6
6
6
209
68
1
10
4
17
29
3
26
6
2
6
6
6
209
68
1
12
4
17
29
9
44
9
4
12
12
6
261
74
1
12
4
12
24
9
48
9
4
12
12
6
255
74
1
12
4
12
24
11
44
9
4
12
12
6
253
74
1
12
4
6
12
12
16
9
6
12
12
6
210
74
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16.14.
The mining plan includes all development required to access and mine the
mineralized zones. Estimated development quantities are presented in Tables 16.10
and 16.12.
The resulting mine plan provides flexibility due to the number of available working
places. Table 16.4 presented the type of mineralized material by sector, and Table
16.18 summarizes the yearly tonnage distribution.
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3,377
8.35
-
3,377
8.35
1,235
5.30
1,235
5.30
4,612
73%
27%
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
Operation
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
Year 8
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
15,095
7.27
2,000
9.40
2,016
9.81
12,314
6.63
6,000
9.40
16,164
9.79
13,501
5.87
12,968
7.45
19,723
10.33
5,746
7.28
40,800
6.05
20,521
10.45
37,314
6.27
123,645
7.15
84,470
8.50
3,419
6.80
70,918
5.25
79,873
7.90
25,200
8.73
61,524
9.58
45,861
9.84
19,111
7.76
34,478
8.59
46,192
8.22
67,067
7.50
245,429
7.48
154,210
6.66
132,585
9.51
42,757
8.53
745,206
7.84
29,030
5.07
7,500
4.70
5,040
5.71
13,129
5.02
105,421
5.26
16,918
6.51
0
0.00
44,521
4.91
1,308
7.15
42,159
5.06
157,442
5.13
23,266
6.38
135,468
5.39
766
45,829
4.97
222,867
5.25
701
41,570
5.08
559
2,470
6.74
2,470
6.74
21,581
89%
11%
26,193
7.62
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
6,217
8,701
8.74
8,701
8.74
43,179
80%
20%
43,179
8.62
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
11,538
16,025
7.91
4,000
6.49
13,230
11.83
7,826
8.97
8,000
6.49
25,152
10.24
36,557
8.75
28,977
6.52
130,545
9.92
15,681
9.40
32,819
11.33
171,675
13.55
38,965
8.57
127,583
14.85
33,255
9.30
40,978
9.27
196,079
9.20
220,175
12.92
166,548
13.38
0
0.00
7,259
3.90
30,658
4.76
59,125
5.55
0
0.00
325,655
5.52
89,783
5.28
524,384
51%
49%
524,384
8.95
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
141,616
325,655
5.52
414,241
21%
79%
414,241
5.77
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
68,837
79,447
58%
42%
79,447
8.67
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
21,087
108,045
62%
38%
108,045
8.17
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
27,053
441,508
56%
44%
441,508
8.24
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
111,148
16.15.
Mining services
16.15.1.
7,259
3.90
423,214
46%
54%
423,214
9.72
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
124,092
115,966
7.05
360,612
7.29
268,628
8.92
42,757
8.53
-
Total
88,495
8.63
112,761
8.63
468,185
12.67
669,441
11.45
0
0.00
37,916
4.59
384,781
5.53
0
0.00
422,697
5.44
0
0.00
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
-
2,060,211
8.24
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
511,588
97.4%
96.1%
92.5%
87.1%
The underground ventilation installation for the North and South Zones will be
similar. The North installation will require vertical and horizontal fan installations, the
South installation will require horizontal fan installation only. The ventilation raise will
serve as an emergency escape way in both cases (see Figs. 16.13 and 16.14). For
the current study, InnovExplo performed a preliminary simulation to establish a main
ventilation network from which secondary fans will bring air to the working area. The
maximum required ventilation was determined to be 240,000 ft3 per minute (6,800
cmm) and will be provided by two 300 hp main air fans (see Table 16.19). Fresh air
will be heated by two 12-MBtu/hr capacity propane burner systems and will exhaust
via the ramp. The heating installation will be at the surface, but the main fans will be
installed underground in a sublevel close to the surface. The ventilation OPEX cost
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calculation was done using 67% of full operating fan capacity or 160,000 cfm.
InnovExplo believes it will be possible to optimize ventilation requirements. The
system will be flexible enough to permit adequate ventilation even if some
modifications are made to the equipment fleet.
AIRFLOW
REQUIREMENT
OPERATING
(CFM)
OVERALLDESIGN
90,000
135,000
160,000
160,000
160,000
130,000
240,000
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16.15.2.
Dewatering
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Figure 16.15 Longitudinal view of the dewatering system for the Parallel and
Fortune zones, looking west.
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Figure 16.16 Longitudinal view of the Triangle Zone and No. 4 Plug dewatering system,
looking west.
All dewatered water from the South Zones will be pumped to pumping station 1, and
then to the sump closest to surface. The water will be repumped to Sigma-Lamaque
Complex via existing underground openings.
16.15.3.
Compressed air
Four 41.8-m3/min (1,476 cfm) electric compressors (3 fixed speed and 1 variable
speed) will be installed in a secondary garage on surface in the North and South
areas. A preliminary network of pipe lines will be installed down each escapeway
and along the ramp and drifts throughout the mine. Compressed air will be provided
to various handheld drills and production long-hole rigs, and will provide emergency
air supply to the refuge station. Two compressors are already available at the SigmaLamaque Complex. One of them is operational and the other one will be refurbished.
16.15.4.
Industrial water
The North Zones will be serviced via the Sigma-Lamaque Complexs existing
installations. The South Zones industrial water will be pumped to the Mylamaque
shaft. The industrial water network will include pressure-reducing valves.
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16.15.5.
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17.
RECOVERY METHODS
The following section (item 17) is taken directly from the report titled Technical
Report and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project
(according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27,
2015, prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015).
In the previous version of the PEA (Technical Report and Preliminary Economic
Assessment for the Lamaque Project, Integra Gold Corp., April 25, 2014), custom
milling was considered. In October 2014, Integra acquired the Sigma-Lamaque
Milling Facility and Mines. This version of the PEA is thus based on the use of the
Sigma Mill at an average production rate of 450,000 tonnes per year (tpa). This
section describes the process equipment available at the Sigma Mill and discusses
the gold recovery that could be obtained in this processing facility considering the
metallurgical testwork results obtained so far.
17.1.
17.1.1.
Crushing Circuit
The plant feed is first dumped on a heavy duty grizzly. An impact hammer breaks
the oversize rock directly on it.
The crushing circuit is composed of a vibrating grizzly feeder followed by a jaw
crusher. A cone crusher is used to obtain the final crushing size, and this is installed
in closed circuit with triple deck screen. The final screen product is transported by
conveyor belt to the fine ore bin for storage.
The bin is equipped with an apron feeder. A second apron feeder could be used to
feed the grinding circuit from an outdoor stockpile. The fine ore bin has an
approximate live capacity of 1400 tonnes.
All the equipment within the crushing circuit is required for an operation at
450,000 tpa. The crushing capacity is such that all crushing work required to
sustain the planned production can be done in a single 12 hour shift per day. The
maximum capacity of the crushing circuit is around 210-230 tph.
17.1.2.
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The rod mill runs in open circuit. The ball mill is operated in closed circuit with
cyclones. The cyclone cluster is composed of fourteen cyclones, four units of which
would be in operation and ten in standby. The underflow product from three
cyclones feeds the ball mill, one cyclone underflow product is sent to the gravity
recovery circuit, whereas all the overflows are sent to the thickener.
Lime, the pH controller, is added to the mill feed conveyor, and sodium cyanide can
be added to the milling circuit if desired.
The gravity circuit is composed of two Knelson concentrators operating as parallel
units to recover free gold. Initially only one of the units would be put in service. The
Knelson concentrate is treated on a shaking table. The gold concentrate is then
further treated in the refinery.
17.1.3.
17.1.4.
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17.2.
Expected Recovery
The previous version of the PEA considered custom milling with a leach retention
time of 48 hours. Since the Sigma Mill can provide a residence time of 72 hours,
higher recoveries can be achieved. Based on 96-hour recoveries obtained for
Flowsheet 1 in the third testwork phase (ALS Metallurgy Kamloops, Roulston D.,
Johnston H., Shouldice T., Report KM4025, Metallurgical Testwork on the Lamaque
Deposit, January 16, 2014) and the leach kinetic curves up to 96 hours obtained for
gravity concentration followed by leaching in the first testwork phase (ALS
Metallurgy Kamloops, Roulston D., Johnston H., Shouldice T., Report KM3569,
Metallurgical Testwork on the Lamaque Deposit, April 3, 2013), the expected
overall recoveries were established for each zone. These are presented in Table
17.1. These recoveries represent an average increase of approximately 1% when
compared to the previous PEA.
Total
97.4
96.1
92.5
87.1
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Rock breaker
Jaw crusher
NaCN
Magnet
Vibrating
feeder
Static sieve
Cone
crusher
Triple
deck
screen
Ore
bin
Knelson
CaO
Ball
mill #1
Rod
mill #2
Shaking
table
Flocculant
Ball
mill #3
Tailings pond
(polishing)
High capacity
thickener
Gold
refinery
Tailings pump
boxes
Tailings pond
Loaded carbon
screen
Back to mill
HCl
Carbon-in-pulp tanks (CIP)
Acid
vessel
NaOH
Security screen
Compressed
air
Leach tanks
Compressed air
Calibrating screen
CuS04
Na2S2O5
Cyanide
destruction
tank
Compressed air
Legend:
Gold
loaded
fine
carbon
Carbon
regeneration
kiln
Fresh
activated
carbon
Elution
vessel
Heat
exchanger
Water
heater
Silica flux
Electrolytic
Cells
Quench
vessel
Pulp or Ore
Solution
Carbon
Unused equipment
Reagents
Gold
Barren
solution
Ingots
Induction Cathodes
furnace
dryer
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18.
PROJECT INFRASTRUCTURE
The following section (item 18) is taken directly from the report titled Technical
Report and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project
(according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27,
2015, prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015).
Integra Golds acquisition of the Sigma-Lamaque Complex provided the Company
with a permitted 2,200 tpd milling complex and tailings facility adjacent to the
Lamaque South property, as well as permitted underground infrastructure that
includes three portals, a mechanical shop, offices, a dry, equipment, and all mining
concessions and mineral claims on the past-producing property.
18.1.
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Figure 18.1 Surface view of the Sigma-Lamaque and Lamaque South properties.
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18.2.
18.3.
Site Access
The Lamaque Project is located within 3 km of Val-dOr, a mining community of over
35,000 people that benefits from world-class infrastructure. In addition to its
considerable physical infrastructure, there is a high level of underground mining
expertise readily available in the Val-dOr region.
The infrastructure of the Sigma-Lamaque Complex will be used as the base for
operations. Integra Golds current office located along Trans-Canada Highway is not
considered in the revised PEA.
The plan as outlined in the PEA will have minimal impact on the community as there
are no homes, businesses or other infrastructure where the proposed mining will
take place.
18.4.
Camp
No permanent or temporary camp is included. Given the proximity to Val-dOr,
special transportation arrangements are not necessary for the workers.
18.5.
18.6.
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18.7.
Service Buildings
The existing garage and stock room at the Sigma-Lamaque Complex will be used for
equipment maintenance (mechanical and electrical). This building will also provide
the offices needed for the maintenance supervisor and the buying department.
A secondary garage and a cold storage will be erected on a cement pad at the South
Zones.
18.8.
Site Roads
A service road providing access to various parts of the property will be built, and
services (electric lines, water lines (for potable, used and dewatering water) and
natural gas lines) will be installed along the road.
18.9.
Compressor Building
All compressors will be installed on surface in secondary garages at the North and
South Zones surface areas.
18.10.
Fuel Storage
Diesel and gas stations are already present at the Sigma-Lamaque Complex to
service small vehicles. Diesel fuel for the mine equipment and vehicles will be stored
in 28,000-litre (7,500 US gal.) above-ground tanks. One will be installed in the Sigma
pit for the North Zones, a second one at the South Zones, and a third one on surface
near the main garage at the Sigma-Lamaque Complex.
18.11.
Site Fencing
The Sigma-Lamaque Complex is already fenced and has a guard house. An
automatic gate will be installed to secure the new internal road between the South
Zones and the Sigma site. At the South Zones, a 100-metre fence will be installed on
each side of the main entrance with an automatic gate.
18.12.
Water Systems
The Sigma-Lamaque Complex is already connected to the Val-dOr potable water
network. The South Zones will be connected to the Val-dOr potable water network
via a 2.5-km private line.
18.13.
Communication System
The Sigma-Lamaque Complex is connected to the public telephone service and
internet.
A new IP telephone network will be installed at the Sigma-Lamaque Complex, and at
the South Zones.
The communication between buildings will use monomode optic fiber. To allow
employees to have wireless access, a network access point (WI-FI Unifi AP Pro) will
be installed in each of the buildings to permit cellular and computer connections.
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The surface radio system consists primarily of channels with local short-distance
coverage or extended coverage. The following channels are planned for the site:
18.14.
security/emergency;
surface operations;
general and maintenance (mechanical/electrical/housekeeping/etc.);
underground operations (underground link with surface).
Sewage
The Sigma-Lamaque Complex is connected to Val-dOr services. The South Zones
will be connected to the Val-dOr sewage water network via a 2.5-km private line.
18.15.
18.16.
18.17.
Waste Stockpile
Waste stockpiles will serve as permanent storage infrastructure for the waste rock
extracted from the underground mines. They will be erected near each entrance of
the mine, as close as possible to the underground portal in order to benefit from the
following advantages:
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For the North Zones, the waste pile will cover about 25,000 m2 and will be located at
the bottom of the Sigma pit, close to the portal. At the South Zones, it will cover
30,000 m2. Depending on the results of the geochemical characterization, it should
be possible to sell waste material on the local market to serve as construction
material.
18.18.
Overburden Stockpile
An overburden stockpile is planned at the South Zones to store approximately
2,000 m3 that will be generated from the portal excavation. The material will be used
for mine site reclamation work. The ramp entrances and escape manways have
been located to minimize overburden displacement.
18.19.
The recirculation pond and the polishing pond are located to the east of the four
major cells. Water is collected inside the cells and then channeled by gravity to the
ponds via ditches. Seepage and runoff water are also collected by peripheral ditches
around the four cells, and channeled by ditches to the ponds. The tailings
impoundment stores silty tailings that are non-acid generating, but are contaminated
with cyanide. Therefore, the water collected is treated for cyanide in the recirculation
pond and the polishing pond using natural degradation processes, including ultraviolet (UV) degradation of cyanide from natural daylight.
The dykes of the tailings impoundment were originally built and raised periodically
with tailings. At the cessation of mining operations by Century Mining Corporation,
tailings deposition was within cells B-1 and B-2, while the B-4 and B-9 cells were
used only for storage of excess water. No tailings have been disposed within the
tailings impoundment since the suspension of operations in May 2012. Currently, two
cells out of four (cells B-4 and B-9) are full.
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The cells will have to manage the tailings produced by the mine during the operation
period. Thus, in order to store the required tailings volumes, some cells must be
raised.
Figure 18.4 View of the existing tailings impoundments at the Sigma mine
18.20.
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The mill will be operational in Q2 of Year 0; any mineralized material excavated prior
to that period will be custom-milled at a local facility.
18.21.
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19.
19.1.
Market Studies
Markets for dor are readily available and the dor bars produced from Lamaque
Project could be sold on the spot market. Gold markets are considered mature,
despite a current gold price that is lower than the 3-year trailing average.
19.2.
Contracts
No contracts have been assigned considering the early stage of the Project.
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20.
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES,
COMMUNITY IMPACT
PERMITTING,
AND
SOCIAL
OR
The following section (item 20) is taken directly from the report titled Technical
Report and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project
(according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27,
2015, prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015).
20.1.
20.1.1.
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include coal and diamond mines (which will require a re-naming of the regulations).
The schedule for the amended regulations coming into effect is uncertain; multistakeholder consultations are underway and are expected to extend into 2015, after
which it will be up to the Minister of Environment to decide upon the publication of
the final amendments in the Canada Gazette.
20.1.2.
Key provincial permits will be required during the construction and operation of the
mine.
The Ministry of Sustainable Development, Environment, and the Fight against
Climate Change (known as the MDDELCC: Ministre du Dveloppement durable,
de lEnvironnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques) is the
Qubec entity responsible for environmental protection and the conservation of
biodiversity to improve the environmental quality of life.
This department is responsible for the control and enforcement of laws and
regulations concerning environmental protection, including the analysis of requests
for authorizations and for permits. The department also works at the level of laws
and regulations for the prevention or reduction of the contamination of water, air, and
soil, drinking water quality, combating climate change, as well as conserving and
protecting wildlife and its habitats. It is also the lead agency for the environmental
assessment of projects and environmental issues, as is the case for impact studies.
The Environment Quality Act (EQA) of Qubec is divided into two chapters. Chapter
I sets out provisions of general application, while Chapter II outlines the particular
provisions of James Bay and Northern Qubec covered by the James Bay and
Northern Qubec Agreement. The Lamaque Project is located south of the James
Bay territory so that only Chapter I is of interest for the Project.
The main articles of Chapter I of the EQA associated with obtaining environmental
certificates of authorization or authorizations are articles 22 (general case),
article 31.1 (environmental impact assessment studies), article 32 (drinking water
and domestic wastewater), and article 48 (atmospheric emissions). As well, now that
the overall Project encompasses the Sigma-Lamaque Mining Complex (a processing
plant comprising a waste rock storage area, a tailings impoundment area and
associated water treatment facility), the Company will be subject to a de-pollution
attestation under article 31.11 of the EQA.
The Project is subject to Section 22 of the Qubec EQA for the operation of a mine.
The application to the MDDELCC for this certificate of authorization will be
accompanied by sufficiently comprehensive studies to address the requirements of
Directive 019 applicable to the Mining Industry. Directive 019 addresses the Qubec
requirements with respect to all phases of the development, operation and closure of
a mine. It is a comprehensive document including, amongst other factors, such
environmental issues as water management and effluent limits, protection of
groundwater, noise and vibration, waste rock and tailings management, atmospheric
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New CAs will be required for certain parts of the project, specifically for the
development of the South Ramp. As the contemplated development scenario starts
with the North Zones, the Company believes it will be able to concurrently put in
place any permits required for work in the South Zone, thereby having limited impact
on the overall development timeline. At this time the documentation to support the
permitting process for an underground exploration program of the South Ramp has
been submitted to provincial authorities. The analysis period is 90 days and
complementary information can be requested by the authorities to finalize the
analysis in order to obtain a Certificate of Authorization. To support production at the
South Ramp, a new authorization process and a mining lease will be required, and
work will be done in 2015 to generate the technical information required to obtain the
required authorization.
The environmental baseline study, as described in the section below, may also
support various other applications for approval, as well as provide important input to a
closure plan.
As mentioned before, there now exists the potential for earlier development as a
result of the significant provincial and federal permitting hurdles which have been
overcome with the acquisition of the Sigma-Lamaque Mining Complex.
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20.2.
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Volume Produced
(m) 1
-1: pre-production 2
0: pre-production 2
230,720
170,904
441,500
327,037
423,200
313,481
524,400
388,444
414,200
306,815
2,029,420
1,503,275
Grand Total
Notes:
(1) The conversion ratio from tonnes to volume for hydraulically placed tailings is 1.35 metric ton per
cubic meter;
(2) Deposition in Year -1 and Q1 of Year 0 is excluded from the table. The ore will be treated via custom
milling.
There is sufficient capacity in the remaining two cells for approximately 1.25 years of
tailings storage without requiring further raising or expansion of the tailings
impoundment based on several deposition scenarios developed by Amec Foster
Wheeler. An estimated 3.3 years of life can be added to the tailings impoundment by
raising two cells using tailings as done in the past over the five year operations
period (Years 0 to 4) while managing water as per Directive 019.
The tailings management plan was developed using Muck3D to evaluate the
required raising of the tailings impoundment to store 1.51 Mm3 of tailings.
This assessment uses the following data/assumptions as a baseline for the tailings
impoundment:
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This assessment uses the following data/assumptions as a baseline for the tailings
characteristics:
This assessment uses the following data/assumptions as a baseline for the water
management criteria:
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The five-year plan presented will allow the tailings impoundment to operate for
five years from Year 0 to Year 4. This will be achieved by raising B-2 and B-9, and
incorporating the east to west deposition and water management strategies.
The limitations of this preliminary cost assessment and operational planning are:
An updated cost estimate and execution schedule will be prepared following the
geotechnical investigation and engineering phases. Geotechnical investigation,
design, preparation of plans, construction QA/QC and construction costs to cover
planned production are included in capital expenses of the PEA.
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Additional capacity beyond the current life of the mine, established at 4.5 years
equivalent of full production, can be achieved by further raising the dykes. The
objective of the geotechnical investigation will be to validate such scenario. A new
tailings management facility could also be constructed for long term use in an area of
undeveloped ground, north of the existing tailings impoundment area. The option of
using tailings to backfill stopes as an additional option to extend the tailings
deposition capacity will also be evaluated.
20.5.
Operations
The tailings facility being considered has already been constructed on the SigmaLamaque Mining Complex, and only minor upgrades are required prior to its use for
tailings storage by the Company. The Sigma tailings impoundment area is made up
of four cells. Currently, two of the four cells are full. Upgrades will be required to
increase the tailings pond capacity. A geotechnical investigation is required given the
lack of recent geotechnical data and the necessity of performing stability, seepage
and settlement analyses to confirm baseline data and establish design criteria.
20.5.1.
Tailings Management
Currently, there is sufficient capacity in the remaining two cells of the Sigma tailings
impoundment for approximately 1.25 years of tailings storage without requiring
further raising or expansion of the tailings impoundment based on several deposition
scenarios, as discussed in a previous section. An estimated 3.3 years of life can also
be added by raising two cells using tailings.
For Year -1 and Q1 of Year 0 (pre-production years), the plan is to transport the ore
off-site for treatment. Ore will be treated to an existing processing facility where
tailings will be managed. However, for Q2 of Year 0 to the end of Year 4, an
estimated volume of 1,503,275 m3 will be stored on-site in the Sigma-Lamaque
tailings impoundment.
20.5.2.
20.5.3.
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20.5.4.
Site Drainage
Finally, the overall site drainage will require a management plan to ensure there is
no contamination of any water flow resulting from its contact with process water,
the on-site transportation network (including vehicle fueling stations), waste rock
disposal piles, on-site ore stockpiles, and other work areas.
At the operational phase of the Project, the outfalls of wastewater treatment systems
and any other water discharged to the receiving environment will need to be
monitored in keeping with the requirements of the federal MMER and the provinces
Directive 019, to ensure that concentrations of specified contaminants are in
compliance with acceptable levels. In addition, EEM will need to be conducted,
again in keeping with the requirements of the MMER. These regulations are
currently under review.
A targeted water quality monitoring program will be developed as an integral part of
the mine closure plan and the site reclamation plan. It will be consistent with the
requirements of the MMER and Directive 019. This program will be intended to
demonstrate the effectiveness of the implemented closure and reclamation
measures in preventing any contamination from the mine and disposal area workings
from moving into the surrounding environment. The program will concentrate on the
receiving waters of both the Lamaque South property and the Sigma-Lamaque
Mining Complex, and will encompass both upstream (control) and downstream
sampling stations of those areas which conceivably could contribute some form of
contaminant should the closure and reclamation measures be to some degree
lacking in effectiveness. The program will be implemented over a minimum period of
five years following reclamation.
20.6.
Reclamation
Where selected exploration work has been conducted on land, as per Article 108 of
the Regulation respecting Mineral Substances other than Petroleum, Natural Gas
and Brine (M-13.1, r.2), a rehabilitation and restoration of the land is required
under Article 232.1 of the Mining Act (M-13.1 A).
Several of the designated activities are likely to apply to the Project site, including:
Any excavation for the purpose of mining exploration, involving any of the
following elements:
o The movement of 1000 m3 or more of unconsolidated deposits;
o Rock stripping or the movement of unconsolidated deposits covering an
area of more than10,000 m2;
o The extraction or movement of mineral substances for geological or
geochemical sampling in amounts of 500 metric tonnes or more.
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o Drilling;
o The excavation, movement or sampling of accumulated material or cover
material.
The sinking of access ramps and shafts, and any other excavation;
The dewatering of mine shafts and keeping of excavations dry;
The restoration of worksites or other underground works;
The hoisting of mineral substances to the surface.
A plan for rehabilitation and restoration will be submitted to the MERN in order
to obtain authorization for any of the exploration or development work mentioned
above. This plan must be prepared according to the Guidelines for preparing a
mining site rehabilitation plan and general mining site rehabilitation requirements
(1997). The plan must be reviewed every five years, but significant changes to
the Project might also trigger the need for update, at the request of MERN.
Since August 2013 (Decree 838-2013), the financial guarantee must cover the full
costs (100%) of the site restoration plan, and it must accompany the submission of
that restoration plan. Recent regulatory changes also imply that the restoration plan
can no longer be simply "submitted" but must be "approved" by the MERN
before receiving authorization for the work referred to above.
Overburden will be kept in a proper storage area to be used at the end of the mines
life for recapping and rehabilitation work. The organic portion of the material will be
segregated from the lower soil horizons. The storage of these materials will require a
governmental authorization.
Rehabilitation and restoration will form a major part of the closure plan. Buildings and
other infrastructure will be dismantled and demolished at the end of mining activities.
Management of dismantled materials will be done in compliance with the Guide des
bonnes pratiques sur la gestion des matriaux de dmantlement, published by the
MDDELCC. Non-hazardous residual materials will be managed by disposal at
approved landfill sites nearby.
The impacted area will then be managed in keeping with the requirements of the
EQA and backfilled or leveled with overburden and top soils to re-establish
vegetation on the site. A natural water regime will be re-established on the site.
The EQA requires, from Appendix III of the Regulation for the Protection and
Rehabilitation of Lands (RPRL), that an Environmental Site Assessment (Phases I
and II) is performed in the six months following the cessation of activities. Should
any identified contaminants exceed the limits stated in Appendix II of the RPRL, a
rehabilitation plan would have to be submitted to the MDDELCC. Following its
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These cost estimates are calculated according to the most recent site plans provided
for the proposed facilities and expressed in 2014 Canadian dollars.
According to the recent modifications to the Mining Act, the government of Qubec
now requires a financial guarantee covering 100% of the estimated cost to carry out
the work in the mining site rehabilitation and restoration plans of the mine operators.
The payment schedule is detailed in the Regulation respecting Mineral Substances
other than Petroleum, Natural Gas and Brine. In addition, rehabilitation and
restoration work must begin within three years after operations cease, unless the
Minister authorizes an extension.
Following site closure, an environmental site assessment will be triggered by article
31.51 of the EQA (Environment Quality Act), because the industrial activities at the
site (NAICS code: Gold and Silver Ore Mining or Processing 21222) are listed in
Schedule III of the Land Protection and Rehabilitation Regulation (Q-2, r.37).
Therefore, a site characterization study is required under a provision of Division
IV.2.1. of Chapter I of the EQA. The environmental site characterization at site
closure will have to be undertaken according to the MDDELCCs provincial guides
and specifications. Estimated costs for such a study appear in two attached tables.
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Table 20.2 Cost estimate for the restoration and financial guarantee for the SigmaLamaque Mining Complex, Integra Gold
Work related to:
Quantity
Unit Cost
Financial Guarantee *
2.0
3.0
9.40 $
9,500 $
924,855 $
233,700 $
1,158,555 $
924,855 $
233,700 $
1,158,555 $
118.0 ha
200,000 $
9,500 $
200,000 $
1,121,000 $
1,321,000 $
200,000 $
1,121,000 $
1,321,000 $
5 yrs
1
7,000 $
500,000 $
5,000 $
100,000 $
7,000 $
500,000 $
25,000 $
100,000 $
632,000 $
7,000 $
500,000 $
25,000 $
100,000 $
632,000 $
Estimate
Estimate
150,000 $
200,000 $
150,000 $
200,000 $
350,000 $
150,000 $
200,000 $
350,000 $
30.7 ha
17,000 $
180,000 $
500,000 $
521,900 $
1,201,900 $
180,000 $
521,900 $
701,900 $
16,800 $
16,000 $
15,000 $
27,000 $
16,800 $
42,000 $
133,600 $
16,800 $
16,000 $
15,000 $
27,000 $
16,800 $
42,000 $
133,600 $
12,000 $
40,000 $
24,000 $
45,000 $
50,000 $
171,000 $
12,000 $
40,000 $
24,000 $
45,000 $
50,000 $
171,000 $
6,068,055 $
5,568,055 $
606,805 $
1,001,229 $
606,805 $
1,001,229 $
7,676,089 $
7,176,089 $
Sub-total :
4.0
1,100,000 $
1,100,000 $
98,389 m 3
24.6 ha
Sub-total :
1,100,000 $
1,100,000 $
Sub-total :
5.0
Open pit
5.1 Re-vegetation on the edge of the open pit
5.2 Flattening the pit slopes
Sub-total :
6.0
30.7 ha
Sub-total :
7.0
8.0
42
2
5
6
21
7
visits
yrs
visits
visits
visits
400 $
8,000 $
3,000 $
4,500 $
800 $
6,000 $
30
5
30
10
5
visits
yrs
visits
visits
yrs
400 $
8,000 $
800 $
4,500 $
10,000 $
10%
15%
Total:
General note:
* : Soil remediation costs are currently unknown. This cost is not included in the Restoration costs for the Financial Guarantee.
Area (hectares or squares meters) are based on the 2014 site plan (aerial photo).
Specific notes:
(1) The cost estimate is limited to above-ground buildings. This estimate was provided by Legault Metal inc. to CMC in April 2012. Cost exclusions related to: hazardous waste removal and disposal,
costs related to transporting waste material at licensed facilities if over a 10km radius from the site; cement crushing (to be used as on-site filling). Metal scrap will be reimbursed at 60$/metric ton.
(2) No information exists about the quality of sludges/sediments within the two ponds. This amount is a provision.
(3) No soil remediation estimation costs are required for the Financial Guarantee. No information is currently available about the presence of contaminated soils on site. A provision had been considered ($ 500 000) at mine closure.
(4) Frequency of site visits is according to Directive 019 .
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Table 20.3 Cost Estimate for the restoration and financial guarantee for the Lamaque
South property, Integra Gold
Work related to:
Quantity
Unit
Unit Cost
Financial Guarantee *
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
unit
250,000 $
250,000 $
2.90
ha
18,000 $
52,200 $
52,200 $
0.4
0.4
ha
ha
12,000 $
8,000 $
4,800 $
3,200 $
4,800 $
3,200 $
1
8.8
8.8
unit
ha
ha
150,000 $
12,000 $
8,000 $
70,000 $
150,000 $
105,600 $
70,400 $
70,000 $
-$
105,600 $
70,400 $
4
3
1
unit
unit
unit
2,000 $
10,000 $
50,000 $
8,000 $
30,000 $
50,000 $
8,000 $
30,000 $
50,000 $
21
1
2
4
visit
year
visit
visit
-$
4,000 $
2,600 $
3,000 $
-$
4,000 $
5,200 $
12,000 $
-$
4,000 $
5,200 $
12,000 $
30
5
10
5
visit
year
visit
year
-$
4,000 $
2,600 $
3,000 $
-$
20,000 $
26,000 $
15,000 $
-$
20,000 $
26,000 $
15,000 $
876,400 $
726,400 $
87,640 $
144,606 $
1,108,646 $
72,640 $
119,856 $
918,896 $
10%
15%
Total :
Notes:
Lamaque South Property includes: the Service Center, Parallel and Triangle Zones, the surface powder-magazine and the Escape way related to Parallel Zone.
* : Soil remediation costs are currently unknown. This cost is not included in the Restoration costs for the Financial Guarantee.
Specific notes:
(1) For hydroseeding, the average price is in the range of 18 000 to 35 000$/ha.
(2) For the concerned area, transportation & placement costs are estimated at 8$ /m3. A layer of 50cm thick is currently considered.
(3) No soil remediation estimation costs are required for the Financial Guarantee. A provision had been considered ($ 150 000) at mine closure.
(4) Frequency of site visits is according to Directive 019 .
(5) No effluent assumed at site closure.
(6) A total of 5 monitoring wells is considered for the environmental follow-up for Triangle Zone and 1 for the powder-magazine. They will be installed before mine closure.
20.7.
Socio-Economic Setting
An investigation of socio-economic information was carried out for the Lamaque
South property as part of the environmental baseline study referenced above. This
investigation relied solely upon information available in the public domain and did
not collect any primary information.
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The local study zone and the regional study zone considered for the socio-economic
baseline are broader than that typically used for the biophysical baseline studies. As
such, it can be used for both the South Lamaque Property and the Sigma-Lamaque
Mining Complex, now known as the Lamaque Project.
Recently, Integra Gold Corp has put in place a monitoring committee comprised of
20 to 23 members representing most of the stakeholders that have an interest in the
Lamaque Project. Since August 2014, this committee has been meeting on a regular
basis to discuss the socio-economic concerns that the community have regarding
the Lamaque Project. The purpose of this committee is to identify and mitigate socioeconomic effects, as well as to maximize the economical benefits to the community.
The Lamaque Project is located in the Abitibi-Tmiscamingue Administrative region
(08) in the Valle-de-lOr regional county municipality (RCM, or MRC in French).
The Project area falls entirely within the territory of the municipality of Val-dOr.
Responsibility for land use planning is divided between the MERN, the RCM de La
Valle-de-lOr, and the municipality of Val-dOr.
According to the Val-dOr zoning plan, the Lamaque Project is located in an area
zoned as natural resources, within which mining operations are a conforming use.
The northwest portion of the Lamaque Project where no mining operation is planned,
is located within the Val-dOr urban perimeter, a zone mainly designated and used
for residential and commercial purposes, where no extractive or high-impact
industries are permitted. Also, wood harvesting rights are present in the
southeastern portion of the Project.
The Public Land Designation plan of the Abitibi-Tmiscamingue region did not
identify any protected designated zones that are located on or the adjacent land to
the Lamaque Project. Also, no Category I land as per the James Bay and Northern
Qubec Agreement Aboriginal land classifications, and no aboriginal trap lines are
located on the Lamaque Property.
The Project area lies in the Algonquin Anishinabeg Nation Tribal Council land
assertion. The Algonquin-Anishnabe community of Lac-Simon will likely have
interests in the Project.
An Archaeological Potential Study was conducted and revealed no areas of interest
in the proposed mining sector of the Project.
Two sites of historical interest (the Bourlamaque Mining Village and the historical
former Lamaque mine) are located within the Sigma-Lamaque Mining Complex
property that is part of the Lamaque Project. With the integration of the SigmaLamaque Mining Complex and the Lamaque South property, the Forestel Hotel is
now located inside the Lamaque property. Also, the Trans-Qubec network of
snowmobile trails, which is a regional recreational focus area, overlaps with the
southern portion of the Lamaque South property. Operations and truck movements,
as well as vibrations from blasting, could be a major issue for the Forestel Hotel, the
two historical sites, residential areas adjacent to the Project, and snowmobile
track activities.
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Integra Gold has prepared a stakeholder and aboriginal engagement plan in order to
meet all interested parties and identify, address and mitigate any negative social and
economic effects of the Lamaque Project which may be of concern. This plan will
also include the collection of primary information regarding a number of identified
information gaps relating to socio-economic factors and infrastructure facilities in the
area. Integra Gold has a corporate website on which it posts relevant project
information, and it issues periodic news releases.
For the purposes of implementing the stakeholder and aboriginal engagement plan,
the Company has held three public meetings to present the project and gather
concerns. A compilation of the meetings indicates the general concerns are noise,
vibration, traffic circulation, environment protection and visual impact. Dust could
also be a concern.
At this time, the Company has not entered into agreements with any of those
stakeholders.
In the case of a metal mine project where the mine has a production capacity of less
than 2,000 tpd, before submitting an application for a mining lease, an applicant
must hold a public consultation on the project in the region where the project is
situated. In addition, within 30 days following the issue of a mining lease, the lessee
must establish a monitoring committee to foster the involvement of the local
community in the project as a whole. The recent amendments to the Mining Act
require that the MERN make public the rehabilitation and restoration plans, as well
as some other documents and information obtained from the Company for the
purposes of the Act. Such committees will stay in place until the completion of the
lease holders site rehabilitation and restoration plan.
Integra Gold considers it best practice to engage the interested parties to determine
the intended land use of mining sites after closure. Due to the proximity of the
Lamaque Project to Val-dOr, the latter is an important stakeholder to consult
regarding zoning and future land use plans in order to close and rehabilitate the site
in compliance with the municipalitys land use requirements. Also, Integra Gold
intends to engage the snowmobile club network, the Forestel Hotel, the village of
Bourlamaque and Cit de lOr in order to provide the Company with additional input
from directly adjacent stakeholders on the design of the eventual end-use of the
Lamaque Project.
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21.
21.1.
Capital Costs
The pre-production costs are estimated at $61.9M, net of production revenue
received during Q1Q2 of the second year of the preproduction period ($23.3M)
(Table 21.1). The mill and tailings facilities have already been constructed and will be
refurbished
Pre-production capital costs include surface infrastructure (site preparation, roads,
electric and water lines), refurbishment of existing buildings for offices at the Sigma
site, surface infrastructure at the South Ramp (including a new dry building and a
garage), mobile equipment, development and capitalized operating costs, owner
costs (closure costs in line with required financial guarantees, company staff and
indirect costs). These costs are summarized in Tables 21.1 to 21.5.
Pre-production capital costs are minimal given that there is no need to build a new
processing and tailings facility, and that mineralization is close to surface.
Additionally, in the case of the Parallel Zone, mineralization is easily accessible by
way of existing underground workings at Sigma, further reducing the need for new
infrastructure.
Pre-production is anticipated to take place over an 18-month period with the majority
of capital expenditures attributed to ramp development, mill refurbishment, tailings
expansion, development of mineralized zones, and mining at the proposed mining
rate and mill throughput.
Pre-production
Sustaining
Total
6.7 M$
7.6 M$
11.7 M$
38.9 M$
6.5 M$
1.0 M$
12.7 M$
2.0 M$
5.0 M$
19.1 M$
63.2 M$
2.8 M$
1.8 M$
8.7 M$
12.6 M$
30.8 M$
102.1 M$
9.4 M$
2.8 M$
12.7 M$
(10.1) M$
5.2 M$
(23.3) M$
(10.1) M$
5.2 M$
(23.3) M$
61.9 M$
89.0 M$
150.9 M$
* contingency 20%, ** contingency 10%, *** contingency 30% including structural and roof repairs
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Integra Gold is also studying a scenario that would involve delaying the development
of the South Ramp by 12 to 18 months in order to reduce up-front capital cost
requirements and use cash flow from the North Ramp to fund development of the
South Ramp.
21.1.1.
Surface Infrastructure
Surface infrastructure includes site preparation, access roads, installation, buildings,
and the water management and distribution. A 20% contingency has been applied
(Table 21.2).
Pre-production
Sustaining
Total
3.8 M$
2.2 M$
0.7 M$
2.0 M$
3.8 M$
4.2 M$
0.7 M$
6.7 M$
2.0 M$
8.7 M$
All costs were estimated using budget quotes provided by suppliers and based on
existing comparable projects.
The site preparation costs were estimated at $923,264 for the North Ramp and
$2,832,053 for the South Ramp, for a grand total of $3,755,317. These amounts
include the costs of deforestation, on-site roads, ramp portal protection and
excavation, site infrastructure arrangement, escape-way setups, diesel tanks, used
oil storage, Natural gas line connection, Quad trail relocation and the grouting of
existing DDH.
Building costs include the improvement of the existing office building and the
enlargement of the dry at Sigma, the garages, the warehouse, the dry, and the
protection for the powder-magazine for the south sector and the communication
system (IT) for both sector. For the new buildings, it was assumed that a down
payment of 25% would be paid with the balance paid over 5 years at a 6% interest
rate.
Water management and distribution costs include the Mylamaque shaft pumping
system, the No. 3 mine pumping system, and the arrangement for piping water from
the South sector towards Sigma.
Mining infrastructure includes the electrical distribution and communication system,
ventilation and air heating, mine dewatering, and compressed air distribution. A 20%
contingency has been applied (Table 21.3).
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Description
Total
4.0 M$
2.5 M$
0.4 M$
0.7 M$
1.5M$
1.8 M$
1.2 M$
0.6 M$
5.5 M$
4.3 M$
1.6 M$
1.3 M$
Total
7.6 M$
5.0 M$
12.6 M$
The cost of the electrical distribution & communication system for surface and
underground includes power distribution, cables and connectors, instrument and
communication, lighting and accessories.
Ventilation and air heating costs include escape-way accommodation and
underground main fan setup, the heating system, secondary fans and rigid conduit
for long drive excavation.
Mine dewatering includes the development pumping system and the main pumping
station.
Compressed air distribution includes equipment and installation.
21.1.2.
Mobile Equipment
Mobile equipment includes all surface and underground equipment. A 10%
contingency has been applied to budgetary quotes obtained from equipment
suppliers. For the economic evaluation, it was assumed that a down payment of 25%
would be paid on mining equipment, with the balance paid over 5 years at a 6%
interest rate. Residual value was limited to 25% to 35% of original depending on
years of use.
21.1.3.
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Pre-production
Sustaining
Total
0.4 M$
3.8 M$
6.9 M$
84.5 M$
2.6 M$
3.0 M$
0.9 M$
Definition drilling
Stope development
Mining cost
Main development (sustaining only)
Energy cost
Milling and transportation
Environment
0.4 M$
3.8 M$
6.9 M$
21.3 M$
2.6 M$
3.0 M$
0.9 M$
63.2 M$
Total
38.9 M$
63.2 M$
102.1 M$
Mill Refurbishment
Mill refurbishment includes direct and indirect costs for repairs, equipment
replacement and new equipment at for the Sigma mill. It also includes the cost to
place a dome over the crushing conveyor transfer point, which is currently outside.
The extent of repairs required for mechanical equipment is based on visual
inspection of the plant only. No equipment was turned on. The cost to purchase
parts or equipment was estimated based on data from similar projects, quotations
obtained from suppliers, or prices available from the former procurement service of
the Sigma plant. The repair and/or installation hours were estimated based on
experience and, for major work, were validated with a contractor. These hours were
then multiplied by an average hourly rate obtained from a local contractor who visited
the plant and was aware of the work to be completed.
The estimate for electrical equipment and connections was based on the assumption
that all electrical equipment is still functional, and a provision to replace 5% of the
motors and 20% of the lighting, as well as some starters, variable frequency drives
and instruments. From an instrumentation and control point of view, the cost for
replacement of pH probes and gas detectors was included, in addition to the
upgrading of the human machine interface (HMI) software and Windows NT based
computer network. All electrical work related to the new transfer conveyor building
and to the connection of new equipment is also included.
Mill refurbishment indirect costs include engineering, procurement and construction
management, construction consumables and commissioning. These items were
estimated as a percentage of direct costs based on similar projects. Indirect costs
also include contractor costs (based on quotations), spare parts (based on value
estimated for similar size plant minus value of current inventory), first fill (based on
reagent costs and volumes), an allowance for permits and 30% contingency.
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Since the mill will only reach full planned production (450,000 tpa) in Year 3, the
costs to repair or replace equipment in order to increase capacity from 400,000 tpa
to 450,000 tpa will be spent in Q4 of Year 2 instead of during the pre-production
period. These costs have thus been included in the sustaining capital. In addition, it
has been assumed that for all plant mobile equipment and the emergency generator
a 25% down payment would be made and the remainder paid over the following
three years. Based on this, the capital cost for mill refurbishment to be spent during
the pre-production period has been estimated at $5.53 million, while the sustaining
capital has been estimated at $1.93 million.
The plant structure and roof are also in need of repair. The cost for this work was
evaluated independently by Concept DB. They also included the cost for an acoustic
enclosure for the impact hammer to reduce noise going to the neighbouring area.
Their estimate adds up to $990,000 for the most urgent repairs to be spent in the
pre-production period, and $906,000 to be spent after the beginning of production.
They included their own contingency (35%) and indirect costs.
21.1.5.
Tailings
The tailings facilities have already been constructed and only minor upgrades are
required. An estimated C$2.8M will be required over the life of mine to increasing the
existing tailings capacity. C$1.0M of this will be required during the pre-production
period (Years 0 and -1) and has been included as part of pre-production capital
expenditures.
Table 21.5 Costs related to the capacity increase of the existing tailings facility over
the life of mine
Item
Year -1
Year 0
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Engineering
$ 65,750
Geotechnical Investigation
$ 99,250
B2 Raise
$ 260,500
$ 45,500
B4 Berm
$ 86,500
B9 Berm
$ 406,750
$ 600,000
B9 Raise
$ 796,500
Ditch Re-Build
$ 252,500
Mobilization/Demobilization
$ 10,000
$ 20,000
$ 32,000
$ 32,000
TOTAL
$ 1,006,250
$ 1,701,000
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This total is estimated with a 30% degree of accuracy and does not include indirect
costs and maintenance costs required year over year.
21.1.6.
Owners Costs
Owners costs include the financial guarantee disbursed in the pre-production period,
NSR payment, environment-related costs, and staff for pre-production. Owners
costs amount to $12.7M for pre-production.
Description
Integra Gold staff
NSR
Financial guarantee
Total
21.1.7.
Sustaining
Total
9.8 M$
2.0 M$
0.9 M$
9.8 M$
2.0 M$
0.9 M$
12.7 M$
12.7 M$
Salvage Value
The salvage value was estimated for some of the infrastructure, electrical installation
and mobile equipment on a case by case basis. For the mobile equipment, it was
limited to 25% to 35% depending on the number of years of use.
21.1.8.
Closure Cost
LOM reclamation costs for the Sigma site, including the mill and tailings facilities,
have been evaluated at C$7.7M. Reclamation costs for the South Ramp were
evaluated at C$1.1M. There is a financial guarantee of C$2.5M in place for the
project, left by the past operator.
21.1.9.
Capitalized Revenue
During the 18-month preproduction period, it is anticipated that 17,755 ounces of
gold will be produced, providing revenue of $23.3M (US$1175/oz and CAD/USD of
1.14). The preproduction revenue was capitalized.
21.2.
Operating Costs
Operating costs are estimated in 2014 Canadian dollars with no allowance for
escalation. The total operating cost and average unit operating costs are
summarized in Table 21.7. The overall unit operating cost is $132.60 per tonne of
milled ore.
Operating costs are summarized below for the production period (Table 21.7).
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Total cost
(Year 2Q3 to Year 7)
($/t)
($/oz)
Definition drilling
Stope development
Mining cost
Integra Gold staff
Energy cost
Milling and transportation
Environment
11.9 M$
26.5 M$
115.1 M$
39.5 M$
12.5 M$
54.4 M$
3.9 M$
6.0
13.3
57.8
19.8
6.3
27.3
2.0
24.2
53.7
233.2
79.9
25.3
110.2
8.0
Total
263.9 M$
132.6
534.4
21.2.1.
Unit cost
Definition Drilling
InnovExplo has estimated the cost of definition drilling at $5.00/t with an additional
$1.00/t for sampling. This estimate is based on similar mine operating practices.
According to the LOM conceptual mining plan, access for setting up the drill will
generally be straightforward. The resulting total estimate for definition drilling is
$11.9M or $6.00 per tonne milled. On a per-metre basis, for an average $75/m unit
cost for drilling and sampling, about 29,000m of drilling will be done on an annual
basis during production period.
21.2.2.
Stope Development
The unit cost for stope preparation stands at $13.30 per tonne milled (based on
tonnage milled assigned to production). A 10% contingency was added to drift and
raise development. Development costs include material (explosive, ground support,
installed piping) and manpower.
21.2.3.
Mining Costs
Mining costs include stoping, auxiliary equipment operating costs and manpower. A
10% contingency has been applied (Table 21.8).
Description
Stoping
Auxiliary equipment operating cost
Manpower
Total
Unit cost
($/t)
($/oz)
$83.8 M
$4.5 M
$26.9 M
42.1
2.2
13.5
169.6
9.0
54.5
$115.1 M
57.8
233.2
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Stoping costs includes material and manpower for room-and-pillar and long-hole
mining, and material and maintenance for haulage. The cost for material handling is
estimated to range from $7.28/t to $12.30/t, including material, maintenance and
manpower. Long-hole stoping costs amount to $20.24/t for the North Ramp and the
Triangle Zone, and $17.93/t for the No. 4 Plug. Room and pillar stoping costs
amount to $61.38/t. The auxiliary equipment operating cost includes all service
equipment, such as graders, tractors, etc. Manpower includes service workers,
supervision, construction miners, scoop and truck operator and trainer. All these
costs include 10% contingency.
21.2.4.
21.2.5.
Energy Cost
The energy cost includes all electrical consumption and natural gas needed to heat
the underground air. The diesel cost for underground and surface equipment is
already included in the unit cost (development, mining and haulage) or department
general operating cost. The estimated average annual electrical consumption during
production period is 32,090,312 kWh, representing an annual cost of $2,106,953
(Table 21.9). The electrical consumption cost is based on Hydro-Qubecs M rate.
The estimated annual natural gas consumption during the production period is 1,231
m3 per year, amounting to $738,747 per year at a price of $0.40/m3 (budget
quotation from Gaz Mtro). As shown in Table 21.9, the estimated total annual
energy cost is $2.85M, representing an average of $6.3 per tonne milled from
Year 0Q3 to Year 4.
Table 21.9 Yearly energy cost (average for complete production years)
Description
Electricity
Propane
Total:
21.2.6.
Yearly cost
$2,106,953
$738,747
$2,845,700
Milling
Milling costs include reagents and grinding media, maintenance materials and
laboratory services, energy (electricity and fuel) and the manpower required to
operating the Sigma mill (Table 21.9). The average operating cost over Years 1 to 4,
when production will be 450,000 tpa on average, is estimated at $24.94/t. This
estimate is preliminary and expected to have a precision of 30%. Material mined
during Q4 of Year -1 and Q1 of Year 0 is assumed to be toll-milled at a cost of $35/t
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plus transportation, as indicated in the previous version of the PEA (Poirier et al.,
2014). It is assumed that the plant will be started up in Q2 of Year 0. It will then be
running at an equivalent capacity of about 200,000 tpa, and operating costs for that
quarter would be around $38/t. For Q3 and Q4 of Year 0, the plant will be running at
an approximate average capacity of 400,000 tpa with an operating cost of about
$27/t.
$/t
7.46
6.21
3.54
7.73
24.94
Reagent consumptions were estimated based on laboratory test results for cyanide
and lime, Sigma plant historical data for carbon and elution reagents and typical
values from similar projects for other reagents and grinding media. Budget quotes
were obtained from suppliers for reagent and grinding media unit prices.
Maintenance materials were estimated based on actualized historical data from the
Sigma mill. The operating cost estimate assumes that gold assays will be measured
at an external laboratory. A budget quotation was obtained to estimate this cost.
Electrical energy consumption was estimated based on the calculation of grinding
energy using the Bond ball mill work index measured during testwork, and the Sigma
plant historical energy consumption for the remainder of the plant. A rate of
$0.07/kWh was used for the estimate. Fuel consumption was estimated based on
historical data for the Sigma plant.
Manpower was estimated based on a staff of 7 people, 9 mechanical and electrical
maintenance employees, and 18 operators working on two 12-hour shifts per day.
Salaries were based on the collective agreement that was in place when Century
was operating the Sigma mill. Benefits were estimated at 35% and overtime at 5%.
21.2.7.
Transportation Cost
The mineralized material will have to be rehandled from a pad located near the
South and the North portal entrance for the North. The rehandling cost has been
estimated at $2.45/t.
21.2.8.
Environment
The environment operating cost is based on similar operations. Manpower costs are
already included in the Integra Gold staff item. The actual environment cost covers
annual monitoring for noise, vibration, effluent water quality and underground water
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based on current regulations. The water treatment cost was evaluated based on a
projected pumping rate and unit cost of $0.50/m3. The cost for management and
disposal of waste and hazardous material is included. The average environment cost
is estimated at $1.97/t milled. The yearly estimated environment cost is $714,251
(Table 21.11).
Table 21.11 Yearly environment cost (average for Year 0Q3 to Year 4)
Description
Personnel
Air & noise quality monitoring
Water treatment
Waste management
Others
Total:
21.2.9.
Yearly cost
$377,509
$98,182
$124,091
$71,182
$42,287
$714,251
Capitalized Opex
The operating costs incurred during the preproduction period ($23,255,507) were
capitalized.
21.2.10.
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22.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
The following section (item 22) is taken directly from the report titled Technical
Report and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project
(according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27,
2015, prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015).
22.1.
Financial Analysis
An after-tax model was developed for the Lamaque Project. All costs are in 2014
Canadian dollars with no allowance for inflation or escalation.
The Lamaque Project is subject to the following taxes:
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The resulting main parameters and cash flow analysis are presented in Table 22.1.
The economic analysis for the Lamaque Project is presented in Table 22.2.
Table 22.1 Cash flow analysis summary
Parameters
Results
1,175
1.14
1,340
109,900
141,600
61.9 M
89.0 M
1.5
4.5
551
731
873
PRE-TAX
Life-of-mine NPV at 5% discount rate (CA$)
184,3 M
77%
1.3
AFTER-TAX
Life-of-mine NPV at 5% discount rate (CA$)
113.5 M
59%
1.6
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Table 22.2 Economic analysis for the Lamaque Project (figures in Canadian dollars)
Pre production
Year - 1
Year 0
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
3,377
166,848
245,429
154,210
132,585
42,757
745,206
8.4
8.0
7.5
6.7
9.5
8.5
7.84
41,570
135,468
45,829
222,867
5.1
5.4
5.0
5.25
701
559
766
Operation
Year 5
Total
PRODUCTION
North Zone
PARALLELE
Total (tonne milled)
Grade (g/t)
FORTUNE
Total (tonne milled)
Grade (g/t)
South Zone
TRIANGLE
Total (tonne milled)
Grade (g/t)
1,235
85,404
196,079
220,175
166,548
669,441
5.3
9.0
9.2
12.9
13.4
11.45
7,259
89,783
325,655
422,697
3.9
5.3
5.5
5.44
423,214
524,384
414,241
PLUG 4
Total (tonne milled)
Grade (g/t)
TOTAL North and South
252,252
4,612
441,508
North Zone
73%
66%
56%
46%
51%
21%
South Zone
27%
34%
44%
54%
49%
79%
256,864
441,508
423,214
524,384
414,241
8.3
8.2
9.7
9.0
5.8
65,895
111,148
124,092
141,616
68,837
511,588
$1,175
$1,175
$1,175
$1,175
$1,175
$1,175
$1,175
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
1.14
$1,340
$1,340
$1,340
$1,340
$1,340
$1,340
$88,266,272
$148,883,251
$166,221,700
$189,694,263
$92,206,832
-$197,685
-$333,445
-$372,277
-$424,847
-$206,510
NSR
$1,117,987
$1,485,498
$1,658,494
$1,892,694
$920,003
Capitalized revenue
$23,255,507
Net Revenue
$63,695,094
$147,064,308
$164,190,929
2,060,211
8.24
REVENUE
Gold Price ($US/oz)
Exchange rate ($CAN/$US)
Gold Price ($CAN/oz)
Gross Revenue
Mint (cost 3,00$ per oz)
1.14
$1,340
$685,272,318
-$1,534,764
$7,074,677
$23,255,507
$187,376,721
$91,080,318
$653,407,370
OPERATING EXPENDITURES
North Zone
Definition drilling
$20,262
$1,001,088
$1,472,574
$1,174,680
$1,608,318
$531,516
$5,808,438
Stope development
$305,375
$3,864,605
$3,202,200
$3,241,294
$3,719,258
$0
$14,332,732
Mining cost
$1,467,691
$8,605,480
$13,328,484
$12,157,014
$13,704,806
$3,720,120
$52,983,595
Integra staff
$2,896,752
$4,974,413
$4,832,489
$4,505,467
$4,675,663
$1,705,021
$23,589,805
Energy cost
$702,001
$1,176,879
$1,384,372
$1,488,343
$1,490,064
$948,640
$7,190,299
$47,100
$5,754,289
$6,759,300
$5,399,414
$7,001,017
$2,426,371
$27,387,491
Environment
$261,315
$482,306
$462,107
$411,565
$463,977
$304,291
$2,385,561
South Zone
Definition drilling
$7,410
$512,424
$1,176,474
$1,364,601
$1,537,985
$1,953,932
$6,552,826
$169,916
$3,274,038
$3,871,974
$3,412,603
$5,243,282
$0
$15,971,814
Mining cost
$1,092,955
$5,488,769
$14,154,775
$17,528,009
$16,899,625
$13,865,630
$69,029,763
Integra staff
$2,555,662
$3,704,432
$4,544,265
$4,871,084
$4,700,821
$5,285,446
$25,661,710
Energy cost
$661,855
$1,225,775
$1,441,157
$1,502,041
$1,478,767
$1,559,892
$7,869,487
$24,202
$2,726,997
$5,407,604
$6,266,404
$6,696,474
$8,956,701
$30,078,382
$410,533
$446,075
$453,663
$568,349
Stope development
Environment
Capitalized operating cost
Cash operating costs
$261,315
$333,334
-$10,473,812
-$16,931,272
$0
$2,473,269
-$27,405,084
$26,193,557
$62,448,309.05
$63,768,594.67
$69,673,719.17
$41,825,908.33
$140
$141.44
$151
$133
$101
$263,910,088
$133
$549
$562
$514
$492
$608
$534
$123
$124.07
$132.17
$116.55
$88.57
$116
$482
$493
$451
$432
$533
$469
$495
$506
$464
$445
$546
$551
$434
$444
$407
$390
$479
$483
$37,501,537
$84,615,999
$100,422,334
$117,703,002
$49,254,410
$0
$389,497,282
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
North Zone
Capitalized operating cost
$5,700,496
Capitalized revenue
NSR (Buying out)
$11,084,838
$16,785,335
-$19,388,541
-$19,388,541
$1,000,000
$1,000,000
$1,194,380
$3,191,445
$1,585,450
$63,750
Development
$6,055,419
$10,432,828
$11,822,976
$13,798,079
$3,154,850
Mobile Equipment
$3,732,543
$3,133,351
$2,533,395
$2,229,584
$2,229,584
$973,291
$14,831,749
$249,728
$159,728
$159,728
$97,716
$1,879,256
$6,035,026
$45,264,151
$923,264
Buildings
$583,807
$628,551
$764,363
$726,596
$435,264
$365,753
$28,564
$2,320,539
$1,882,817
$62,700
$417,589
$136,139
$12,930
$2,512,175
$923,264
Mine dewatering
$103,506
$41,402
257,941
239,345
$90,000
$184,896
$51,254
$51,254
$51,254
$642,194
$51,254
$479,910
South zone
$5,846,434
$10,619,749
Capitalized revenue
$4,773,316
-$3,866,965
-$3,866,965
NSR
$1,000,000
$1,000,000
$1,194,380
$3,191,445
$1,585,450
$63,750
Development
$4,964,189
$10,547,775
$8,874,480
$8,709,182
$6,006,615
$152,380
$39,254,622
Mobile Equipment
$3,474,137
$3,805,520
$2,482,296
$2,787,105
$2,388,318
$1,026,621
$15,963,996
$2,658,720
$173,333
Buildings
$1,093,857
$482,347
$243,924
243,924
$243,924
$2,832,053
$717,198
$377,675
$1,102,898
$111,498
$378,817
$6,035,026
$2,307,976
$717,198
$1,970,888
$1,867,682
$389,801
$349,109
$317,627
$52,356
Mine dewatering
$84,380
$264,582
$149,412
$202,314
$223,179
$197,790
$241,441
$107,798
$107,798
$107,798
$51,254
$42,433,917
$34,276,676
$31,257,563
$29,854,149
$14,659,099
$2,352,516
Salvage
Financial guarantee paiement reimbursement Lamaque South (100% upfront)
$2,976,575
$923,867
$3,425,810
$918,896
$6,706,560
$10,132,370
-$918,896
$2,734,067
$1,794,022
$43,352,813
$37,010,743
$33,051,585
$0
-$7,176,089
$813,879
$154,833,920.84
$29,854,149
$14,659,099
-$1,073,294
-$2,648,000
$8,784,735
$8,784,735
-$6,016,810
$150,838,286
$731
$641
$873
$490,794
$51,564,414
$70,568,185
$103,043,903
$50,327,704
$6,016,810
$238,658,996
Cumulative cashflow
-$43,352,813
-$42,862,019
$8,702,395
$79,270,580
$182,314,483
$232,642,186
-$4,207,669
$866,161
$18,357,658
$22,183,052
$37,827,272
$13,740,331
-$39,145,144
-$375,367
$33,206,756
$48,385,134
$65,216,630
$36,587,372
$6,016,810
-$39,145,144
-$39,520,511
-$6,313,755
$42,071,378
$107,288,009
$143,875,381
$149,892,191
$766
Net cashflow
$238,658,996
$88,766,805
$149,892,191
$184,325,607
77%
$113,547,286
59%
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22.2.
Sensitivity Analysis
The parameters in the sensitivity analysis were chosen based on their potential
impact on the outcome of the economic evaluation. Key economics were examined
by running cash flow sensitivities against:
Revenue;
Operating cost (OPEX);
Capital cost (CAPEX);
Grade, gold price, exchange rate and mill recovery.
Sensitivity calculations were performed on the projects after-tax NPV (5%) and IRR
by applying a range of variation (30%) to the parameter values. Results are
presented in Tables 22.3 to 22.6. The effects on NPV and IRR are shown graphically
in Figures 22.1, 22.2, 22.3 and 22.4.
As illustrated in the figures, the Lamaque property is highly sensitive to changes in
grade, gold price, exchange rate, mill recovery and revenue. It is moderately
sensitive to changes in OPEX and CAPEX.
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Revenue
Opex
Capex
30%
20%
10%
32,99
151,21
138,63
66,59
138,32
129,83
96,08
125,31
120,98
BaseCase
scenario
113,55
113,55
113,55
10%
20%
30%
154,96
98,19
102,99
183,98
84,16
93,89
213,75
70,02
84,79
250,00
NPV5%(M$)
200,00
150,00
Revenue
Opex
100,00
Capex
50,00
0,00
30%
20%
10%
Base
Case
scenario
10%
20%
30%
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Grade
1,5
1,0
0,5
52,54
72,57
92,46
BaseCase
scenario
113,55
0,5
1,0
1,5
131,29
150,19
169,02
180
160
140
NPV5%(M$)
120
100
80
Grade
60
40
20
0
1,5
1,0
0,5
BaseCase
scenario
0,5
1,0
1,5
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Revenue
Opex
Capex
30%
20%
10%
23%
81%
94%
42%
73%
79%
57%
65%
67%
BaseCase
scenario
59%
59%
59%
10%
20%
30%
83%
50%
49%
96%
43%
43%
108%
36%
37%
120%
100%
IRR(%)
80%
60%
Revenue
Opex
40%
Capex
20%
0%
30%
20%
10%
Base
Case
scenario
10%
20%
30%
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Grade(g/t)
IRR
1,5
1,0
0,5
6,74
30%
7,24
39%
7,74
49%
BaseCase
scenario
8,24
59%
0,5
1,0
1,5
8,74
67%
9,24
75%
9,74
84%
90%
80%
70%
IRR(%)
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1,5
1,0
0,5
BaseCase
scenario
0,5
1,0
1,5
22.2.1.
0%
238.7
5%
184.3
7%
166.6
10%
143.4
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23.
ADJACENT PROPERTIES
The following section (item 23) is taken directly from the report titled Technical
Report and Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project
(according to National Instrument 43-101 and Form 43-101F1), dated February 27,
2015, prepared by InnovExplo (Poirier et al., 2015).
The Lamaque Project is located in a historical mining district with multiple past gold
producers. The area is still a major mining centre with considerable exploration
activity. Several Canadian exploration and mining companies are actively working in
the area. Figure 23.1 shows the location of the various properties in the vicinity of
the Lamaque Project.
23.1.
23.2.
23.3.
23.4.
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23.5.
Micon Comments
Micon has not verified the information regarding any of the adjacent properties. The
information contained in this section of the report, which was in part provided by
Integra and in part independently researched by Micon, is not necessarily indicative
of the mineralization at the Lamaque Project.
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24.
The Issuer is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties due to the nature of its
business. The Issuers exploration and development activities expose the Issuer to
various financial and operational risks. Readers are advised to study and consider
risk factors stressed below.
The Issuers future financial success depends on the ability to raise additional capital
from the issue of shares or the discovery of property which could be economically
justifiable to develop. Such development could take years to complete and resulting
income, if any, is difficult to determine. The sales value of any mineralization
potentially discovered by the Issuer is largely dependent upon factors beyond the
Issuers control, such as the market value of the products produced.
The resource exploration industry is an inherently risky business with significant
capital expenditures and volatile metals markets. The marketability of any minerals
discovered may be affected by numerous factors that are beyond the Issuers control
and which cannot be predicted, such as market fluctuations, mineral markets and
processing equipment, and changes to government regulations, including those
relating to royalties, allowable production, importing and exporting of minerals, and
environmental protection.
This industry is intensely competitive and there is no guarantee that, even if
commercial quantities are discovered, a profitable market will exist for their sale. The
Issuer competes with other junior exploration companies for the acquisition of
mineral claims as well for the engagement of qualified contractors. Metal prices have
fluctuated widely in recent years, and they are determined in international markets
over which the Issuer has no influence.
Exploration and development on the Issuers Property are affected by government
regulations relating to such matters as environmental protection, health, safety and
labour, mining law reform, restrictions on production, price control, tax increases,
maintenance of claims, and tenure. There is no assurance that future changes in
such regulations would not result in additional expenses and capital expenditures,
decreasing availability of capital, increased competition, title risks, and delays in
operations.
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25.
25.1.
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Total Indicated Resource Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t Au cut-off (Table 14.1)
Gold Deposit Name
No. 4 Plug
Metric Tonnes
Ounces
1,325,100
5.6
237,450
Fortune Zone
125,500
5.8
23,600
Parallel Zone
766,500
7.3
180,750
Triangle Zone
1,957,100
8.3
520,630
No. 6 Vein
389,400
6.4
79,550
Sixteen Zone
91,700
5.2
15,440
4,655,300
7.1
1,057,420
Total Indicated
Total Inferred Resource Estimate by zone using a 3.00 g/t Au cut-off (Table 14.2)
Gold Deposit
Name
No. 4 Plug
Metric Tonnes
Ounces
0.0
Fortune Zone
252,300
5.6
45,220
Parallel Zone
250,900
10.7
86,460
Triangle Zone
604,700
9.0
174,470
No. 6 Vein
111,600
6.9
24,590
Sixteen Zone
1,800
4.2
250
Total Inferred
1,221,300
8.4
330,990
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Mineral resource estimate for the Sigma-Lamaque mine as of June 20, 2011 Table extracted from the August 2011 Micon
Technical Report for Century Mining Corporation (Lewis et al., 2011). (Table 14.16)
Sigma-Lamaque Mine Project Measured and Indicated Resources
Cut-off
Grade
(g/t Au)
2.1
1
1
1
Cut-off
Grade
(g/t Au)
2.1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Area
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
North Wall
Shears
North Wall
Dykes
Sigma
Polygons
Area
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
Lamaque
No. 2 Mine
Lamaque
Main Mine
Cross-Over
North Wall
Shears
North Wall
Dykes
Sigma
Polygons
Measured
Indicated
Estimation
Methodology
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Block Model
92,000
6.52
19,000
92,000
6.52
19,000
Block Model
387,000
4.34
54,000
633,000
4.42
90,000
1,020,000
4.39
144,000
Block Model
188,000
2.48
15,000
188,000
2.48
15,000
Polygonal
764,000
6.04
148,000
1,610,000
5.02
260,000
2,374,000
5.35
408,000
Total
1,151,000
5.46
202,000
2,523,000
4.73
384,000
3,674,000
4.96
586,000
Estimation
Methodology
Tonnes
Grade
Ounces
Block Model
32,000
5.54
6,000
Polygonal
134,000
6.03
26,000
Polygonal
672,000
6.57
142,000
Block model
749,000
11.04
266,000
Block Model
364,000
5.13
60,000
Block Model
434,000
5.45
76,000
Polygonal
6,774,000
5.86
1,277,000
Total
9,159,000
6.29
1,853,000
Notes: Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability. There is no certainty that all or any part of the estimated Mineral
Resources will be converted into Mineral Reserves. Mineral Resources tonnage and contained metal have been rounded to reflect the accuracy of the estimate, and numbers
may not add up due to rounding. For 19,000 ounces in the indicated category and for 6,000 ounces in the inferred category for Lamaque No2 Mine the cut off grade was 2.1 g/t;
for the rest of the resource estimate the cut-off grade is 1 g/t gold.
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25.2.
Reduced Operating Costs from a cash cost of C$665 per ounce to C$551
per ounce (17% reduction), primarily as a result of lower milling costs as
Integra Gold is no longer contemplating toll or custom milling its material at
third party facilities.
The 2015 PEA uses the same mineral resource estimate as the previous PEA and
does not incorporate drilling completed since April 2013 or any of the
Sigma/Lamaque mineral resources obtained in the acquisition.
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InnovExplo considers the 2015 PEA study to be reliable and thorough, based on
quality data, reasonable hypotheses, and parameters compliant with National
Instrument 43-101 and CIM standards regarding mineral resource estimates.
Metallurgy
Three series of laboratory testwork campaigns were carried out with samples of the
Lamaque deposit (refer to section 13 for report citations). The first two series were
conducted on low-, average- and high-grade North and South composites. The
third series was conducted on four composites, one for each zone: Parallel and
Fortune (North Zones), Triangle and No. 4 Plug (South Zones).
In the first series of tests, chemical assays, mineral analyses via QEMSCAN and a
gold Trace Mineral Search (TMS) were conducted. The individual composite sample
gold assays ranged from 3 to 15 g/t Au. The sulphur content of the samples ranged
from 1 to 2%. Sulphur was present primarily as pyrite with traces of chalcopyrite. The
assays showed a 1 to 2% carbon content, but only a very small portion of it is
present in organic form. The TMS showed that some of the gold is present as
inclusions within the sulfide minerals, and this portion was greater for the South
composite than for the North composite.
The Bond ball mill work index was measured, and results ranged from 13.8 to 14.9
kWh/t.
Gravity concentration, flotation and leach tests were conducted. Depending on the
test conditions, the total gold recovery obtained through gravity concentration and
leaching of gravity tailings ranged from 79 to 92% for the South composites, and
from 93 to 98% for the North composites. In both cases, recovery increased with
both the fineness of grind and retention time. Diagnostic leaching of tailings showed
that part of the gold present in the South composite samples was not in a leachable
form (gold was locked in the sulphide matrix and gangue minerals).
Rougher sulfide flotation followed by regrinding of the flotation concentrate to a K80
of 7 m, intensive leach of the concentrate and cyanide leach of the tailings was also
tested on the South composites. More than 12 % of the gold content of the feed
ended up in the flotation tailings. Therefore, leaching these tailings increased the
overall gold recovery, which ranged from 90 to 96% depending on sample and
flotation grind size.
In the third series of laboratory testwork, four flowsheets were tested at a grind size
of 75 m: gravity and carbon in leach (CIL), whole ore cyanidation, CIL, and flotation
with cyanidation of concentrate and tailings. Overall gold recoveries from the first
three flowsheets were comparable. With these flowsheets, gold recoveries from the
Parallel, Triangle and Fortune composites ranged from 93 to 98%, and recovery for
the No. 4 Plug composite varied from 83 to 88%. Flowsheet 4, using flotation,
showed lower recoveries compared to the other three.
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Milling
Custom milling was considered in the previous PEA (Technical Report and
Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Lamaque Project, Integra Gold Corp.,
April 25, 2014). In October 2014, Integra Gold acquired the Sigma-Lamaque mining
and milling facility. This version of the PEA is thus based on the use of the Sigma
mill at an average production rate of 450,000 tonnes per year (tpa).
The Sigma mill is composed of crushing, grinding, gravity concentration, leach and
carbon-in-pulp (CIP) circuits. The crushing circuit includes a jaw crusher, cone
crusher and screen. Grinding would be accomplished by a rod mill and a ball mill in
closed circuit with cyclones to a grind size of 75 m. The gravity circuit uses a
Knelson concentrator and shaking table. All five leach tanks would be used and five
CIP tanks would be refurbished for a combined residence time of approximately 72
hours. Tailings would go through cyanide destruction prior to being sent to the
tailings pond.
Based on testwork results obtained so far and a 72-hour residence time (refer to
sections 13 and 17.2 for details and report citation), the following recoveries have
been estimated.
Gravity
47.6
26.8
17.6
13.7
Leach
49.8
69.3
74.9
73.4
Total
97.4
96.1
92.5
87.1
The tailings facility that is considered to be used has already been constructed on
the Sigma-Lamaque mining complex, and only minor upgrades are required prior to
its use for tailings storage by the Company. The Sigma tailings impoundment area is
made up of four cells. Currently, two cells out of four are full. Upgrades will be
required to increase the tailings pond capacity.
There is sufficient capacity in the remaining two cells for approximately 1.25 years of
tailings storage without requiring further raising or expansion of the tailings
impoundment based on several deposition scenarios developed by Amec Foster
Wheeler. An estimated 3.3 years of life can be added to the tailings impoundment by
raising two cells using tailings as done in the past over the life of mine while
managing water as per Directive 019. This assessment used different
data/assumptions summarized in Section 20.4.
A geotechnical investigation is required considering the lack of recent geotechnical
data and to perform stability, seepage, and settlement analyses to confirm baseline
data and establish design criteria.
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Environment
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developing the site and should therefore not impact the Project critical path
schedule.
A mining lease cannot be granted before a restoration and rehabilitation plan is
approved by the MERN and a CofA is issued in accordance with the EQA. However,
approximately 80% of the Companys Lamaque Project (including the Parallel and
Fortune Zones) and 100% of the land recently acquired through the acquisition of
Sigma-Lamaque mining complex are already mining leases, not exploration claims
and therefore do not need to be converted into leases.
Mining
Mineralization at the Lamaque Project would be accessed via two separate ramps.
In the proposed development plan, the Triangle Zone and No. 4 Plug would be
accessed by way of a ramp (the South Ramp), or decline, from surface which would
be collared approximately 450 m west of the Triangle Zone limit.
Access to the Parallel Zone will be achieved through the completion of a 700-m
lateral ramp (the North Zones) starting from the existing Sigma underground
workings. The existing underground workings are 4.25m by 4.25m and are accessed
by a fully serviced portal, including ventilation, power and water services, with the
entrance in the southeast wall of the Sigma pit. The starting point of the ramp to the
Parallel Zone is located underground, approximately 200 m from the portal entry-way
in the pit.
The mining plan for the Lamaque Project calls for a combination of conventional and
mechanized mining. Two mining methods are proposed based on the vein geometry
of the four deposits: long-hole and room and pillar. The approach in this study has
been to force the application of long-hole mining where applicable. Waste material
generated from drift development will be used to backfill part of the long-hole open
stopes.
The planned production is 2.1 Mt of resources at a diluted grade of 8.24 g/t Au,
representing 511,600 ounces of recovered gold. The Lamaque Project has a 6-year
mine life, including a pre-production period of 1.5 years.
Financial analysis
The present PEA is preliminary in nature. It includes Inferred mineral resources that
are too speculative geologically to have economic considerations applied to them
that would enable them to be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no
certainty that the PEA will be realized.
The financial analysis indicates an after-tax payback period of 1.6 years. The aftertax Net Present Value (NPV) of the project is estimated at $113.5M with a discount
rate of 5%. The after-tax Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is evaluated at 59%. The main
results are summarized in the following table:
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Results
1,175
1.14
1,340
109,900
141,600
61.9 M
89.0 M
1.5
4.5
551
731
873
PRE-TAX
Life-of-mine NPV at 5% discount rate (C$)
Internal rate of return (IRR)
Payback period (years)
184.3 M
77%
1.3
AFTER-TAX
Life-of-mine NPV at 5% discount rate (C$)
IRR after-tax (%)
Payback period (years)
113.5 M
59%
1.6
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25.3.
Metallurgy
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26.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The results from 2015 PEA study (Poirier et al., 2015) demonstrate that the
Lamaque Project is technically and economically viable and InnovExplo
recommends that Integra Gold continue to advance the project toward prefeasibility.
InnovExplo along with its collaborators in the study recommends proceeding with the
following steps in the continued development of the Lamaque Project.
1) Incorporate all new drilling into a global project resource estimate
Update mineral resource estimate on all zones included in the 2015 PEA, those
previously not included in the PEA (No. 6 Vein), and complete a maiden mineral
estimate for new zones identified, including the No. 5 Plug and No. 3 Mine. Following
on from this, we will subsequently evaluate the impact of these revised resource
estimates on the project economics.
The following table presents the actual database cut-off dates for the various zones
of the Lamaque Project where a mineral resource estimate is already in place:
Table 26.1 Data base Cut-off dates for the various zones of the Lamaque
Project during the 2015 PEA study
Zone
Parallel Zone
Fortune Zone
No. 4 Plug
Triangle Zone
Vein Sixteen
Vein No 6
Hydrogeology study;
Rock mass characterization and stope design;
Crown pillar stability analysis;
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Measure rod mill, ball mill and abrasion work indexes to better
estimate power and grinding media consumption;
Conduct metallurgical tests in line with the Sigma mill
flowsheet (gravity concentration followed by cyanidation of
gravity tails) to confirm reagent consumptions;
Conduct metallurgical tests at a finer grind to determine
recoveries that could be obtained by refurbishing the 2nd ball
mill.
Conduct further diagnostic testing (via QEMSCAN or other) to
determine the nature of the unleached gold.
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Cost (C$ M)
C$1.3
C$6.4
C$7.5
C$1.0
C$16.2
C$7.0
7) Plan and perform a geotechnical investigation for the Sigma tailings impoundment
The program presented in this PEA Study will allow the Company to operate their
tailings impoundment for current estimated life of mine. This will be achieved by
raising B-2, and B-9 and incorporating the east to west deposition and water
management strategies. The limitations of this preliminary cost assessment related
to the increase of the tailings pond capacity and costs related to operational planning
are:
Lack of recent geotechnical data;
Lack of bathymetry data.
Furthermore, in order to advance the preliminary economic assessment to the next
stage, the following activities should be considered:
To complete the proposed work program to advance the project, InnovExplo and its
collaborators estimates that a budget of approximately $25.52M is required as
presented in Table 26.3.
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Cost
500,000$
1,100,000$
150,000$
6,000,000$
1,000,000$
400,000$
16,200,000$
Total
25,515,000$
165,000$
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27.
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APPENDIX I
UNITS, CONVERSION FACTORS, ABBREVIATIONS
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Units
Units in the Report are metric unless otherwise specified. Precious metal content is reported in
grams of metal per metric ton (g/t Au or Ag), unless otherwise stated. Tonnage figures are dry
metric tons (tonnes) unless otherwise stated. Ounces are troy ounces.
Abbreviations
C
degrees Celsius
ha
hectares
grams
kg
kilograms
oz/t
mm
millimetres
cm
centimetres
Mt
metres
g/t
km
kilometres
tpd
masl
ppb
or ft
ft
ppm
cps
m3/min
hp
horsepower
Mbs
Btu
cfm
oz
avdp
st
$ or C$ or CAD
Canadian dollars
kV/kVA
US$ or USD
American dollars
MPa
troy ounces
avoirdupois pound
short ton
ounces per short ton
metric ton (tonne)
kilovolts/kilovolt-amps
mega pascals
Multiplied by
25.4
0.305
0.405
31.103
0.454
0.907
34.286
Metric Unit
mm
m
ha
g
kg
t
g/t
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