FIELD REPORT OF RAMLI,

ISLAMABAD
FIELD DATE: 26-04-2014
MUBASHIR KHAN
SALMAN MOHSIN
SALMAN AHMED
M.AWAIS
MUNEEB ARSHAD

Acknowledgement:
An undertaking such as that this one is impossible to
complete with the help of my Respected Teacher Sir
Saleem Shahzad, the team members at the field of Ramli.
They encourage me and guide me on every step in during
the field. They motivated me and my group members and
ensured to complete my task. My Instructor navigated me
through different formations, lithologies , fold, faults,
fossils and other geological features present in the Ramli
village field. I greatly appreciate skill and expertise of
Respectable instructor. I acknowledge to the Ambitious
geologist welfare association (Bahria university Islamabad
campus) that helped a lot in arranging this trip for addition
to our previous knowledge.

Abstract:
The Ramli Village is one on of the best field geological
and paleontological locality in Islamabad, Pakistan. Due
to its easy accessibility, it has a wealth of geological and
paleontological features. In fact It represent an open book
of geology different rock exposed here, different
geological features, tectonic features, folds, faults etc.
due to easy availability at road side geology and little
height provides a very good and fantastic location to
study sedimentary succession.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1CHAPTER:01
03
1.1
INTRODUCTION
.03
2CHAPTER
02.03
2.1 MURREE
FORMATION03
2.2 KULDANA
FORMATION..04
2.3CORGALI
LIMESTONE.05
2.4MARGALLA HILL
LIMESTONE05
2.5PATALA
FORMATION.06
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2.6 LOCKHART
LIMESTONE06
2.7 SAMANA SUK
LIMESTONE.06
3CHAPTER03
07
3.1 STRUCTURAL
GEOLOGY..07
FIGURE (3.1)
.0
8
FIGURE (3.2)
.0
8
FIGURE (3.3)
.0
8
FIGURE (3.4)
.0
8
FIGURE (3.5)
.0
9
4
REFRENCES
.10

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1.1Introduction:
Pakistan has three major Sedimentary Basins
1. Indus Basin
2. Baluchistan Basin
3. Hazara Basin
Ramli falls in Hazara basin which is located in Margalla
hill Islamabad, Pakistan. When Indian & Eurasian plate
collides with each other Himalaya Mountain ranges
are originated. Margalla Hills are the foot hills of lesser
Himalaya, a series of small elevation hills located in
north of Islamabad, Pakistan. The hill elevation ranges
from 685 meter at western end and 1,604 meter on its
west. It is located between Main Boundary Thrust
(MCT) and Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) also called
Sub-Himalaya. MBT is passing through Margalla hills
whose width is 1 km Almost. Ramli is a part of
Margalla hills.
2.1Stop # 1: Murree Formation:
On field our first stop beside the road there we observed
Murree Formation. A section is exposed to north of Dhok
Maiki (lat. 33 25' N: long. 72 35' E). The age of murree
formation is
Palaeocene.Thel i t h o l o g y o f m u r r e e f o r m a t i o n i s
s h a l e , sand stone. Mostly composed of sand stone.
The weathered color of sandstone is reddish brown
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and fresh color is light brown while in other place the

weathered color is maroon and fresh color is dark
gray. Small amount of Micca & calcite are also
present in it. Shale is also present in weathered.
The weathered color of sha le is brown to dark
brownish while fresh color is pale cream
to purple and mahroon. We observed recent
Alluv iam there in norma l bedding sequenc e. We
observe cross lamination and ho ney comb
weathering in Murree sand stone. Figures are
given below: Figure (2.1 a,b)

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Fig (2.1 a)
(2.1 b)

Fig
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Latitude: 576 m
Strike: N55E
Dip: North
Dip direct ion: 40 N
2.2Stop#2: Kuldana Formation:
As we move forward we observed Kuldana
Formation which is older than Murree Formation.
Its age is of Eocene. Kuldana formation is composed of
limestone and splintery shale. The weathered color of this
limestone is light gray and fresh
color is dark gray .The weathered color is of
s h a l e i s r e d d i s h brown. We observed recumbent fold
in kuldana formation. The small pits of marls and gypsum
sheet and calcite dikes and mud stone are present.
Strike: N30W
Dip: North
Dip direct ion: 65 NE
2.3 Stop #3: Chorgali Limestone:
As we move forward we observed Chor Gali Formation.
Generally consists of limestone, marly limestone,
argillaceous limestone, marl and shale. The weathered
color of limestone is creamy light yellow and light grey
colours and their freshly broken surface is light grey. The
Chor Gali Formation consists of alternating beds of hard
limestone and platy limestone within the shale. The marl
is light gray to gray and thinly bedded. It is also of Eocen
age. (Lat. 33 26' 30" N: long. 72 41' E)

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2.4 Stop #4: Margalla Hill

Limestone:
As we move forward on the
way we observed Margalla
hill Limestone. We identified
it by pouring HCL on its fresh
sample taken by one of our
colleques it gives
effervescence sound and
bubbles .The age is Eocene. The weathered color is gray
and fresh color is dark gray. The rocks are intraclastic
type. Micritic limestone (finely crystalline limestone) . We
p a r t i c u l a r l y o b s e r v e d nodular limestone present
there. Figure (2.4). The weathered color is light gray and
fresh color is dark gray. Limestone bedding at some
places is vertical. Stiolites, clast. Loadostoolitic structure
is present. (Lat N33.76043, long E73.13444).

2.5 Stop #5: Patala Formation:

On the Patala formation is mainly consists of dark grey
shale, which is sometimes carbonaceous and include
workable coal seams. The shale is greenish gray to
brownish gray, thinly laminated, splintery, and
calcareous; it grades into siltstone and sandstone. The
limestone is gray to light gray, thinly bedded, and
fossiliferous. The marl is dark gray and fossiliferous. The
Patala Formation represents primarily marine deposition.
(Lat.32 40' N: long. 71 49 E)
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2.6 Stop #6: Lockhart Limestone:

As we proceed we saw lockhart limestone It consists of
Marine limestone and subordinate marl and shale. The
limestone is pale gray to dark gray, medium grained,
thick bedded, in part nodular, hard, bituminous, and
fossiliferous. The marl is grayish black and fossiliferous.
The shale is olive gray to greenish gray and has weakly
developed cleavage (lat.33 26' N: long. 70 30' E).

2.7Stop#7: Samana Suk Formation:

Our final stop at samana suk formation.Its age is of Middle Jurassic
Fossiliferous limestone and subordinate marl. The limestone is dark
gray, brownish gray and mottled yellowish orange; medium to thick
bedded. The marl is light olive gray to greenish gray, laminated, thinly
bedded, and splintery. (Lat32 55 35 N Long 71 08 50)

3.1 Structure Geology:

Recumbent fold Kuldana formation Figure. (3.1)
Antiformal Syncline Figure. (3.2)
Normal Graded Bedding in Alluvial Deposits Figure.
(3.3)
Chevron folds Figure. (3.4)
Table show Different lithologys and Ages. Figure (3.5)
Fig (3.1)
Fig
(3.2)

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Fig (3.3)
Fig (3.4)

Fig (3.5)
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4 References:

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1
2

Regional Studies of the Potwar Plateau Area,

Northern Pakistan
Edited by Peter D. Warwick and Bruce R. Wardlaw

Afzal, J., Khan, A. M. and N.A. Shafique, 1997.

Biostratigraphy of Kirthar Formation (Middle to Late
Eocene) in Sulaiman basin, Pakistan Pak. Jour. Hyd.
Res; 9(1): 1533.

STRATIGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN Edited by S. M. Ibrahim

ShahGeological Survey of Pakistan1977

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