421,

one of the Roman emperors remarked, 'The

corpse of an enemy always smellssweet!"'
10 A little later, Napoleon may have had a
changeof heart. \il7henthe French defeatedthe
Russiansat Borodino, their losseswere almost
as great as those of the Russians.Napoleon
considered Borodino the most terrible battle
he had ever fought. On the following day he
and his aides rode over the battlefield in silence, reckoning up the dead. They came
acrossa prostrate body and, hearing a cry of
pain, Napoleon ordereda stretcher."lt's only a
Russian,sire," said one of his aides.Napoleon
retorted, "Af ter avictory there are no enemies,
only men."
Larcr sdll all trace of compassion- even
n
for his own - was gone. After the French victory at Eylau over the combined Russianand
Prussianforces, Napoleon walked across the
battlefield, turning over with his foot the
corpses of French soldiers. "Small change,
small change,"he said."One Parisiannight will
soon adjust theselosses."
12 After the Russian debacle Napoleoh,
fearing his position at home was precarious,
left the French army in the lurch and hurried
back to Francealmost unaccompanied.Arriving at the banks of the river Neman in his miserable sleigh, he inquired of the ferryman
whether many desertershad come through that
way. "Nor" replied the Russian,"you are the
first.tt
13 \7hen Napoleon made his triumphant return from Elba in March 1815, the restored
Bourbon king, Louis XVIII, fled, leavinga large
sum of money with the banker Jacques Laffitte. An official, thinking to curry favor with
the emperor, informed Napoleon of the existence of the deposit. Napoleon, however, had
it transferred to England, where Louis could
haveaccessto it. After Waterloo, when Napoleon himself was about to flee Paris,he made
arrangementswith Laffitte to leave a similarly
large amount of money on deposit. When Laffitte sat down at his desk to write out a receipt
for the deposit, Napoleon stopped him: "lf I
am captured and the receipt is found on me it
will compromise you." And he absolutely refused to accept one.

NAPOLEON, EUGE,NE

{lt is pleasingto note that Louis XVIII on

his second restoration reciprocated Napoleon's honorable behavior over the
money left with Laffitte and did nor take
the opportunity to appropriate it.)

14 The deathof Napoleonon S!"Helenawas

announcedin a crowdedPariSsalonattended
by rilTellington
and Talleyrand,amongothers.
In the hushthat "followedthe announcement,
someoneexglatined"What an event!"
"lt is;no{ongeran event!"broke in the voice
"lt is only a pieceof news."
of Tat[eyrand.
Ar, q8
NAPOLEON III (1808-73), emperor of
France(1552-70).A nephewof NapoleonI,
Napoleonwon the presidentialelectionfollowing the 1848 reuolution that ouerthrew the
he dissolued
BourbonLouis Philippe.In 1.851,
the legislatiueassemblyand a year later proclaimedhimselfemperor.His rule fostereddomesticprosperity,but hisdisastrousdiplomatic
abroadledeuentuallyto theFrancoaduentures
PrussianWar (1870-71).
I The emperor was once implored by alady
to forbid all smoking on the grounds that it was
a great vice. Laying aside his cigar, he replied,
"This vice brings in one hundred million francs
in taxes every year. I will certainly forbid it at
once - as soon as you can name a virtue that
brings in as much revenue."
2 For years Napoleon suffered agoniesfromf
stonesin the bladder. The pain undermined his!
health and prematurely agedhim. Before giving[
a public audience,he was seenonce to hold his{
arm againstthe flame of a candle in an attemptf
to find some relief through a change of pain. I
3 The battle of Solferino in 1859 was technically a French victory, as the Austrian forces
retreated.There was appalling carnageon both
sides, and Napoleon, alarmed by unrest at
home, made peacethree weeks later. "I don't
care for warr" he remarked at the time.
"There's far too much luck in it for my liking."
Aro 4E
Eugdne Louis Jean Joseph
NAPOLEON,
(1855-79), French pretender to the imperial
throne, known as the"Prince Imperial." Onthe

422

N A P O L E O N ,E U G E N E

deathof his father,NapoleonIII, he wasproHe

claimedNapoleonIV by the Bonapartists.
madeno attemptto regainthe throne.He was
killed while sentingwith a British forceagainst
the Zulus in SoutbAfrica.
I On a holid ay at Biarritz, when the Prince
Imperial was little more than a toddler, he
seemedafratdto enter the sea,so he waspicked
up and hurled in bodily. He struggledout and
ran awayas fast as he could, howling in terror.
atHe was caught and soothed, and then an
'Why,
tempt was made to rationalize his fears.
he was asked,was he afraid of the seawhen he
had stood by while soldiersfired off their cannon and had not been frightened?The child
thought this one over for a moment, then said,
"BecauseI'm in command of the soldiers,but
I'm not in command of the sea."
2 Brought up to believe that no Bonaparte
evershowed pain or fear, the young Prince Imperial flinched under the hands of a doctor
carrying out some trifling operation. "Did I
hurt you?" the man asked. "No, but you startled mer" he replied.
3 The young Prince Imperial askedhis father
to explain the differencebetween an accident
and a misfortune. Napoleon III replied, "lf
your cousin Plon-Plon [once designatedheir to
the emperor] were to fall into a well, that
would be an accident;if someonepulled him
out, that would be a misfortune."
{This seemsto be the Gallic equivalentof
Disraeli'sjest about Gladstone:seeBrNJAMIN DlsnRru 7. For more about the
haplessPlon-Plon, see the following biography and anecdote.)
4., q8
NAPOLEON, Joseph Charles Paul, Prince
(L822=9I), Bonapartist heir to the French
throne. He wls first designatedheir to Napoleon III in 1851, in cAsethe latter should die
without issue.On the death of the Prince Imperial, Napoleon III's son, in L879, he again becAme heir to the Napoleonic succession.His
family and close associatescalled him "PlonPlon," a nickname possibly basedon his childish attempts to pronounce his name.
I The courtesan Anna Deslion at one time
shared her favors between Plon-Plon and the

'

plry*right Lambert Thiboust. Though the

' iivals met occasionallyon the stairs of Anna's
' house, neither of them was inclined to make a
, fuss. "To be dishonored by t prince is some'thing
of an honor," said Thiboust. Plon-Plon
;waslikewisephilosophical:"To be deceivedby
ia man of brains is no seriousmisfortune."

As' '4
SpanNARVAEZ, Ram6nMaria(1800-58),
ish general and statesmAn, prime minister
(1844-47, 1.855-57, 1854-65, 1855-58).

I t A priestaskedthe dying Nawaez,"Does

I your Excellencyforgiveall your enemies?"
\ "l do not haveto forgivemy enemies,"reI torted Narviez. "l havehad themall shot."
A$' at
NASH, Ogden(1902-71),USwriterof humorousuerse.He producedouertwentyuolumesof
uerse,some fo, children. They include Hard
Lines(1921)and The BadParents'Gardenof
Verse(1935).
I Radio director Tom Carlson'sdog had
chewedup an autographedcopy of one of
Nash'sworks. Though the book was out of
print, Carlsonfinallymanagedto acquirea replacement.
He sentit to Nash,explaining
what
had happenedand askingfor anotherautograph.The book wasreturned- with the dedication: "To Tom Carlson or his dogdepending
on whosetasteit bestsuits."
As' 'ti
NASSER, GamalAbdel (1918-70),Egyptian
soldierand statesmAn.
A leaderof thecoupthat
prime
deposed
KingFaroukin 1"9
52, hebecame
(1956-70)of
minister(1954-55)andpresident
Egypt.His nationalization
of theSuezCanalin
1955prouokedan unsuccessful
Anglo-French
attack on Egypt.
I With emotions high on the night before the
coup of 19 52, one of Nasser'sassociateswas
close to tears. "Tonight there is no room for
sentiment," said Nasser firmly. l'W. must be
readyfor the unexpected."Someminuteslater,
when the man had regainedhis composure,he
asked Nasser, "'Why did you address me in
English?" Nasser laughed. "Because Arabic,"
he replied, "is hardly a suitable language in
which to expressthe need for calm."

423

NELSON

In the 1930s Guido Nazzo, an Italian

tenor, sangonly once in New York. The
sole review read: "Guido Nazzo: nazzoI

guido."
-Willard R. Espy,
AnotherAlmanacof Wordsat Play

NAST, Thomas(1840-1902),US cartoonist,

born in Germany.He was particularly
famous
'V7eekly.
for his political cartoonsin Harper's
I Nast's greatest campaign was his war
againstcorruption in New York politics during
the 1870s.He pilloried the Tammany Hall ma'oBoss"
Tweed writhed.
chine in Harper's until
"'We gotta stop them damned picturesr"
Tweed told his henchmen. "l don't care so I
much what the papers write about me - myl
constituents can't read. But they can seel
I
pictures."
{lt was one of "them damned pictures"
that stopped Tweed. After being sentenced to jail, he escapedin 1875 and
made his way to Spain.While staying in- f
cognito at Vigo he was recognized from I
one of Nast's caricatures,arrested,and I
|
returned to the United States.)

A.' 48
NECKER, Suzanne(1739-94),Swisssociety
leader;wife of ] acquesNecker,financeminister
to Louis XVI, and mother of Mme de Stuel.
Born SuzanneCurchod,shewascourtedin her
youth by the historianEdward Gibbon.
I The Marquis de Chastellux was once invited to one of Mme Necker's dinner parties.
Having arrived early, he was left alone in the
drawing-room where he found a notebook
under Mme Necker's chair. Idly leafing
through the pages,he discoveredthat the book
contained detailed notes for the dinner-table
conversation that evening. He carefully replaced it under the chair and later, during the
course of the meal, was amusedto hear Mme
Necker recite word for word everything she
had written down in her notebook.

4., q4
NELSON, Horatio, Viscount (1758-1805),
British admiral.At theoutbreakof theNapole-

onic wArs, Nelson was appointed to a command in the Mediterrnnean. He lost the sight in
bis right eyeat Calui (1794)and his right arm at
Tenerife (1797). He totally crushed France's
fleet in the banle of the Nile (1798). During an
interlude at Naples be fell in loue with Lady
Emma Hamilton, wife of the British enuoy, an
affair that caused much scandal. Victorious
again at Copenhagen(1801),he was createduisconnt. In 1805, after an eighteen-monthblockade of Toulon, the French fleet broke through
and were pursued by Nelson. At the ensuing
banle of Trafalgar, in which the British were
uictoriotts, Nelson was mortally wounded.
I Shortly after the loss of his right arm, Nelson waspresentedto King GeorgeIII, who congratulated him upon his naval victories, then
added prophetically, "But your country has a
claim for a bit more of you."
2 \fhen he tried to obtain compensationfor
his lost ey, Nelson was told that no money
could be paid without a surgeon'scertificate.
Annoyed by this petty bureau$acy) since his
wounds were well known, Nelson nevertheless
ary documentation. As a
obtained the necess
precaution,he askedthe surgeonto make out a
second certificateattestingto the obvious loss
of his arm. He presentedthe eye certificateto
the clerk, who paid out the appropriate sum,
commenting on the smallnessof the amount.
"Oh, this is only for an eyr" saidNelson. "In a
few daysI'll come back for an arm, and probably, in a little longer, for a leg." Later that week
he returned to the office and solemnly handed
over the second certificate.
3 After pursuing the French fleet around the
Mediterraneanfor someweeks,Nelson caught
up with it at Alexandria. As preparations were
made for the battle, Nelson sat down for dinner with his officers."Before this time tomorrow I shall havegaineda peerage,or'Sfestminster Abbey," he said to them as they went out
to their various stations.
{On this occasion- the battle of the
Nile - it was the peerage.)

\I

4 In the middle of the battle of Copenhagen,

after the Danish bombardment had continued
unabated for three hours, Nelson's commander,Sir Hyde Parker,sent him the signalto
"discontinue action." Clapping his telescope

424

NELSON

to his blind eye,Nelson saidthat he did not see

the signal. When the officers around him insistedlt was there,he merelyreiterated,"l have
only one eye- I have a right to be blind
sometimes- I really do not seethe signal!"
{Naval historians have pointed out that
this was simply a pieceof pantomime' as
Sir Hyde Parker had sent Nelson a private messagebeforehand, saying that if
such a signalwere hoisted,he was to use
his own discretionasto whether to obey
it. This does not in any way detract from
Nelson's courageand accurateappraisal
of the situation, which led to a splendid
victory.)
5 Sir William Hamilton, husbandof Nelson's
perfect generosity toEmma, behaved with 'When
he died at an adward his wife's lover.
vanced age in 1803, he breathed his last in
Emma'sarms,holding Nelson by the hand.He
left Nelson a favoriteportrait of E,rnma,done
in enamel,and the codicil containingthe bequest endedwith the words: "God blesshim,
and shame fall on those who do not say'
Amen."
6 Before the battle of Trafalgar, Nelson on
board HMS Victory discussedtheir chances
with Thomas Masterman Hardy, his captain.
Hardy said that, all things considered, he
would think the capture of fourteen ships a
glorious outcome. "l shallnot be satisfiedwith
anything lessthan twenty," replied Nelson. He
then ordered the sending of his last signal:
..ENGLAND EXPECTSEVERY MAN \TILL
DO HIS DUTY.''
{This is the wording in Southey's Life
of Nelson; the words are often quoted
in the form: "EI{GLAND EXPECTS
EVERY MAN TO DO HIS DUTY." The
final outcome of the battle was another
triumph of Nelson's judgment: the English fleet took twenty French vessels
captive.)
7 (Mortally wounded, Nelson lingered for
severalhours in fearful agony,but knew before
he died that the English had gained a magnificent victory. Robert Southey reports his final
moments, after he had given his last orders
concerningthe fleet.)
"Presently, calling Hardy back, he said to
'Don't throw me overhim in a low voice,

board'; and he desiredthat he might be buried

by his parents,unlessit should pleasethe king
to order otherwise. Then reverting to private
'Take careof my dear Lady Hamiltotr,
feelings:
Hardy; take care of poor Lady Hamilton. Kiss ffi, Hardy.' Hardy knelt down and kissed
'Now I am satishis cheek; and Nelson said,
fied. Thank God, I havedone my duty.' Hardy
stood over him in silencefor a moment or two,
''Sfho
then knelt againand kissedhis forehead.
is that?' said Nelson; and being informed, he
'God
bless you, Hardy.' And Hardy
replied,
then left him - for ever."
As, qt
NERO (no 37-no 58), Roman emperor (eo
his uncleand adop54-eo 6S).Nero sLtcceeded
tiue father, Claudius, by excluding and then
killing his cousin Britannicus. His mother,
Agrippina, and his wife, Octauia, were among
subsequentuictims of his crazy tyranny. The
first large-scaleconspiracy (55) against him
failed, but in 68 the reuolt of military commanders caused Nerr> to flee from Rome and !
commit suicide.
I Agrippina was determinedto securethe imperial throne for her son despite Claudius's
plansto nameBritannicusas his successor.She
therefore fed the elderly emperor poisonous
mushrooms, and he died in agony, without
havemade plain his wishesconcerningthe succession.Nero ascendedthe throne, gaveClaudius a splendid funeral, and later deified him.
He remarkedthat mushroomswere indeedthe
food of the gods,becauseby eatingthem Claudius had becomedivine.
{Imperial Rome's intricaciesare famous.
For Agrippina sinned againstinstead of
sinning,seethe anecdotesat her name.)
2 (Suetoniustells the story of the burning of
Rome.)
"Pretendingto be disgustedby the drab old
buildings and narrow, winding streets of
Rome, he brazenly set fire to the City; and
though a group of ex-consuls caught his attendants, armed with oakum and blazing
torches, trespassingon their property, they
darednot interfere.He alsocovetedthe sitesof
severalgranaries,solidly built in stone, near
the Golden House [Nero's palace]; having
knocked down their walls with siege-engines,
he set the interiors ablaze.This terror lastedfor

425

NEIWTON

six daysand sevennights,causingmanypeople

to take shelter in the tombs. . . . Nero
watchedthe conflagrationfrom the Tower of
Maecenas,
enrapturedby what he called'rhe
beautyof the flames';then put on his tragedian'scostumeandsangTheFallof Ilium from
beginningto end."
{Hencethe phrase"fiddlingwhileRome
burns." Modern historiansexonerate
Nero for startingthis catastrophicblaze;
he himselfthought the Christianswere
- after all,
the most likely incendiaries
they believedthat the end of the world
would come with fire- and he persecutedthemwith much cruelty.)
3 Fleeingfrom Romewith his enemieshard
on his heels,Nero took refugein a villa a few
milesout of the city. The four faithful servants
who attendedhim insistedthat heshouldcommit suicidehonorably,ratherthan fall into the
handsof thosewho hadseizedpowerin Rome.
of his own
with the greatness
Still obsessed
gifts as an actor, poet, and singer, Nero
watchedthemenpreparinghisfuneralpyreand
as he watched muttered through his tears,
"Qualis artifex pereo!" (How great an artist
dieshere!)
Ar, 4t
poet,
NERVAL, Gdrardde(1808-55),French
translator,and playwright. His early works
reputation.His later
gainedbim a considerable
writings wereinfluencedby *ysticism and the
occult.Sufferingall his life from boutsof insanity, he finolly hangedhimself.
1 Grardde Nervalwalkedin the gardensof
in Paris,leadinga lobsteron a
the Palais-Royal
paleblue ribbon.Askedwhy he did so, he replied that he preferredlobstersto dogsor cats
becausethey could not bark at one, and besides,theyknew the secretsof the sea.
{JamesJoycementionsthis,perhapsthe
most famousof Nerval'seccentricities,
in StephenHero.)
2 For sometime Gerardde Nerval had carried aroundwith him an old apronstringthat,
garter
hemaintained,
wastheQueenof Sheba's
- or a corset-stringbelongingto Mme de
Maintenon or Margueritede Valois. In the
small hours of the morning of January 26,
1855,he knockedon the door of a dosshouse

in a poor quarter of Paris.The conciergeheard

the knock but decided it was too cold ro open
up. \(/hen daylight dawned, the poer was discovered hanged from some iron railings with
the Queen of Sheba'sgarter.As a final macabre
touch, a pet ravenwas hovering neatby, repeating the only words it knew: "l'ai soif!" (l'm
thirsty!)
A$ e8
NESBIT, Evelyn (1884-1957),US model and
showgirl.
I In 1905 Evelyn Nesbit married millionaire
Harry K. Thaw. The following year the couple
were dining in a smart restaurant when Harry
Thaw noticed his wife's former lover, architect
Stanford White, at a nearby table. He walked
over, pulled out a gun, and shot his rival three
times in the face. Evelyn Thaw's reaction was
memorable: "My, you are in a fix, Harry!"
\,il(/tr{Thaw was later judged insane.See
soN MlzNnn 10 for one reaction to
I(rhite's death.)
Ar, 116
NEWTON,
Sir Isaac (1,642-L727), English
physicist and mathematician. He discouered
the law of grauitation and went on to formulate
the laws of motion that underlie classical mechanics. He became Lucasian Professor of
Mathematics at Cambridge (1659), and in this
field his maior contribution u)As the discouery
of tbe calculus (an honor contestedby l*ibniz).
The reflecting telescope was a product of his
work on optics. His most important publications were Principia mathematica (1685-87)
and Optics (1704).
I In an eighteen-monthperiod during 1565
to L666 the plague forced Newton to leave
Cambridge and live in his mother's house at
\Toolsthorpe in Lincolnshire (a house that can
still be seenand is preservedasa museum).One
d^y he was sitting in the orchard there, pondering the question of the forces that keep the
moon in its orbit, when the fall of an apple led
him to wonder whether the force that pulled
the apple toward the earth might be the same
kind of force that held the moon in orbit round
the earth. This train of thought led him eventually to the law of gravitaticn and its application
to the motion of the heavenlybodies.
{Voltaire, who heard the anecdote from

NEWTON

Newton's stepnieceMrs. Conduitt, and

the antiquarian William Stukeley are
early sourcesfor this story. If not wholly
apocryphal,it is probably an embroidery
of the truth. It is certainly a fact that
during his stay at Woolsthorpe Newton
achievedthe insightsthat led to his greatest scientificwork.)
2 Newton owned a pet dog called Diamond,
which one d^y knocked over the candleon the
scientist's desk and started a blaze that destroyed records of many years'research.Newton, viewing the destruction, said onlyr:-"O
Diamond, Diamond, thou little knowest the
damagethou hast done."
3 A woman, hearing that Newton was a
famous astrologer, visited him to ask him to
find out where she had lost her pursesomewhere between London Bridge and
Shooters' Hill, she thought. Newton merely
shook his head.But the woman was persistent,
making as many as fourteen visits. Finally, to
get rid of her, Newton donned an eccentric
costume, chalked a circle around himself, and
intoned, "Abracadabra! Go to the fagade of
Greenwich Hospital, third window on the
south side. On the lawn in front of it I see a
dwarfishdevil bending over your purse." Away
went the woman - and according to the story,
that is where she actually found it.
{This story is probably apocryphal,but it
neatly illustrates the popular reputation
of scientistsin the seventeenth-century
mind.)

425
visited one d^y by Fellow of the Royal Society
"
of London, to whom she related the strange
behavior of "the poor cnzy gentleman" next
door. "Every morningr" she said, "when the
sun shines so brightly that we are obliged to
draw the window-blinds, he takes his seat in
front of a tub of soap-sudsand occupieshimself for hours blowing bubblesthrough a common clay pipe and intently watchesthem until
they burst." Following his hostessto the windcrw, the visitor saw Newton at his work.
Turning to the widow, he said, "The person
you supposeto be a poor lunatic is none other
ihan t[i great Sir IsaacNewton, studying the
refraction of light upon thin plates- a phenomenon which is beautifully exhibited upon
the surfaceof common soap bubbles."
7 "What is your opinion of the immortality \
of the soul?"askedan Italian lady of Newton. I
"Madam, I am an experimentalphilosopher," f
Newton answered.
I S Newton, Cambridge University's repre-i
I sentativeto Parliamentin 1.589,was not welll
I adapted to life as a parliamentarian.Only oni
I one occasion did he rise to his feet, and thel
I Houre of Commons hushedin expectationof I
f hearing the greatman's maiden speech.New- |
I ton observed that there was a window op.tt, I
i which was causing a draft,' asked that it be li
\closed, and sat doiln.

5 Newton cut a hole in the bottom of an

outside door to enable his beloved cat to go
freely in and out of the house. When it had
kittens, Newton cut a small hole next to the
original one.
{Probably a traditional ioke, foisted on
Newton.)

9 One eveningduring the Anglo-Dutch wars

Newton came into the hall at Trinity College,
Cambridge, announcing to the Fellows that
there had been a naval battle that d"y between
the Dutch and the English,and that the English
had got the worst of it. As Cambridgeis a considerabledistancefrom the seaand asit was the
first the Fellows had heard of any battle, they
were naturally skeptical; they asked him how
he knew. Newton explained that he had been
in his observatory and heard a great firing of
cannon, such as could only be between two
great fleets.The noise had become louder and
louder, which suggestedthat the English ships
were retreating towaid the English coast. The
following day a full report of the battle exactly
bore out Newton's summary.

6 Newton once lived next door to a rather

inquisitive widow, who was unaware of her
neighbor's identity and renown. The lady was

10 In 1696JeanBernoulliand G.]W. Leibni{

concocted two teasingproblems they sent toi
the leading mathematiciansin Europe. Afterl

4 An admirer asked Newton how he had

come to make discoveriesin astronomy that
went far beyond anything achievedby anyone
before him. "By alwaysthinking about them,"
replied Newton simply.

427

NIJINSKY

the problems had beenin circulation for about

six months, a friend communicated them to
Newton, who, when he had finished his day's
work at the Mint, camehome and solvedboth.
The next d^y he submitted his solutions to rhe
Royal Societyanonymously,as he did not like
to be distracted from the businessof the Mint
by embroilment in scientific discussions.The
anonymity did not, however, deceive Bernoulli. "l recognize the lion by his paw!" he
exclaimed.
11 Newton invited a friend to dinner but
then forgot the engagement.\ilfhen the friend
arrived, h. found the scientistdeep in meditation, so he sat down quietly and waited. In
due course dinner was brought up - for one.
Newton continued to be abstracted. The
friend drew up a chair and, without disturbing
his host, consumed the dinner. After he had
finished, Newton came out of his reverie,
t looked with some bewilderment at the empty
dishes,and said, "If it weren't for the proof
before my eyes,I could have sworn that I have
{
yet dined."
l;
:o,
,i
I

ri
i

.t

12 To theveryendof hislife Newton'sscienAccordingto

tific curiositywas unquenched.
one authorityhis (somewhatimprobable)last
wordswere:"l do not know what I mayappear
to theworld.But to myself,I seemto havebeen
divertonly like a boy playingon the seashore,
ing myselfin now and then findinga smoother
pebbleor a prettiershellthan ordinary,whilst
the greatoceanof truth lay all undiscovered
beforeme."
&.' 48
NIARCHOS, Stavros(1909- ), GreekshipPingmagnate.
I Niarchos had commissionedSalvadorDali
to paint his portrait for a fee of $15,000.
Growing restlessduring the first sitting, he left
as soon as the face was sketched in and told
Dali to finish the picture without him. Dali
promptly painted in a naked body and raised
the fee to $25,000. Undeterred by Niarchos's
refusal to pay, he doubled the price and sold
the painting to Aristotle Onassis,his client's
greatestrival. Lunching with Onassis,Niarchos
found the picture displayed on the diningroom wall. "All right, how much do you
want?" he sighed."seventy-fivethousand dol-

lars,"saidOnassis.
Niarchospaid up andtook
the portrait home,whereit was immediately
consignedto the backof a closet.
A.' QB
NICHOLAS I (1796-1855),czar of Russia
(1825-55).HauingcrushedtheDecembristuprising,N icholasruledautocraticalb,extending
mililary disciplineand a secretpoiilcenetworfr
throughoutthe state.His ambitionsin the BalkansembroiledRussiain the CrimeanWar.
I One of the Decembristconspiratorscondemnedto be hangedwas KondratyRyleyev.
Theropebroke.Ryleyev,bruisedandbattered,
fell to the ground,got up, and said,"In Russia
they do not know how to do anythingproperly,not evenhow to makea rope." Ordinarily
an accidentof thissortresultedin a pardon,so
a messenger
was sentto the \Tinter Palaceto
know the czar'spleasure.Nicholas asked,
"'What did he say?"
"Sire,he saidthat in Russiatheydo not even
know how to makea rope properly."
"'Well,let the contrarybe provedr"saidthe
czar.
Ar, '.8
NICKLAUS, Jack William (1940- ), US
golfer.Between1959and 1981he won the US
amateurcbampionship(twice), the US Open
(four times),the British Open (threetimes),the
US ProfessionalGolfers'Association championship(fiuetimes),and theMasters(fiuetimes),
thus winning more maior championshipsthan
any otlter player.
1 Nicklaus dethronedArnold Palmeras the
reigningking of golf when he camefrom five
strokesbackto tie afterT}holesin the l,962U5
Open,and then won the 18-holeplayoffnext
d"y. Palmernoted, "Now that the big bear's
out of the cage, everybodybetter run for
cover."Nicklaus'scommentwas:"I'm hungry
asa bear.But I'm gonnaslim down and go for
thegold." Slimmeddown,hebecameknownas
"the GoldenBear."
4., 48
NIJINSKY, Vaslav(1890-1950),Russian
balIet dancerand choreographer.
Joining Diaghileu's BalletsRzssesin Paris (1909), Niiinsky
quickly createda legendaryreputation as a
dancerin suchballetsasLeSpectrede la Rose.

428

NIJINSKY

ln 1919 his careerwas brought to a premature

end by mental illness.
| \7hen Nijinsky choreographedLe Sacredu
Printemps (The Rite of Spring) to Stravinsky's
music, most critics loathed the ballet as a disturbing departure from the themes and conventions of the classicaldance to which they
were accustomed.In fact, one early critic gave
it a title that quickly caught on: Le Massacredu
Printemps.
2 Niiinsky and Diaghilev,lunching with Lady
Juliet Duff, one of their influential admirers in
London, were askedto signher birthday book.
After his signatureDiaghilevwroter"L'Ami des
dieux" (The friend of the gods).Nijinsky, more
modestly and flatteringly, wrote, "Le Spectrea
Ia rose" (The Spectreto the rose).
Ao, q8
NILSSON, Birgit Marta (1918- ), Swedish
soprano celebratedfor her Wagnerian interpretations.
| (Miss Nilsson appearedin Turandol with
the tenor Franco Corelli on a Metropolitan
Opera tour under the managementof Rudolf
Bing.)
"Mr. Corelli, after having been thoroughly
'ln questa
outshouted in
reggia,' immediately
left the stage(he had no more to sing, but he
y"r supposedto be there),sulked in his dressing room, and declaredthat he would not come
out again.At this point, Rudolf Bing is said to
have entered the dressingroom with an idea
wonderfully calculatedto appealto the tenor's
'ln
amour propre.
Americd, d man cannot retreat before a womdrr' Mr. Bing is reported to
, have said. 'Continue! And in the last act,when
rhe time comes to kiss her, bite her instead.'
Mr. Corelli is said to have followed instruc: tions, and Mr. Bing, accordingto the story, fled
, to New York, where Miss Nilsson telephoned
'I
him, saying, cannot go on to Cleveland.I have
rabies.t"
2 "Once she was negotiatinga contract with
Herbert von Karajan,at the time director of the
Vienna Opera, when a string of pearlsshe was
wearing broke and scatteredall over the floor.
Von Karajan and several others who were

presentgot down on their kneesto searchfor

'We
must find every one of them,'
the pearls.
'These are the expensive
von Karaian said.
pearlsthat Miss Nilsson buyswith her high fees
'Nor' Miss Nilsson refrom the Metropolitan.'
'These are just imitation ones, which I
plied,
buy with my low fees from the Vienna
Opera.t

tt

{3 Sir Rudolf Bing, who had often engaged

'Miss
Nilsson,was askedif the starwas difficult."Not at allr"hereplied."You put enough
;moneyin andglorioussoundcomesout."
4 Asked what was neededfor a successful
Isolde,Miss Nilsson replied,"Comfortable
shoes.tt

5 As tickets for a New York concert by Birgit

Nilsson were sold out many weeks in advance,
the organizerscabledMiss Nilsson to ask if she
would object to their selling some extra seats
on the podium. She replied by return: "Sell
everything, and pleasedon't forget the space
on the piano lid."
As, e8
David (1909-83), British mouie
NIVEN,
actor. A debonair and polished perfolmer, he
made more than eighty mouies, including The
Prisonerof Zenda (1937),The Guns of Navarone (1951),and PaperTiger (1975). His autobiography, The Moon's a Balloon (1972), wAs
also extremely successful.
I At the Academy Awards presentationsin
April 1,974,the proceedingswere interrupted
by a streaker who dashed across the stage
where Niven and other celebritieswere sitting.
'Just
think," said Niven, "probably the only
laugh that man will everget is for stripping and
showing his shortcomings."
!2 Niven found it hard to come to termswith
Jhe agingprocessand, in later life, still thought
pf himselfasa young man. He recalleda visit to
,fott.London boat rf,o* with an attractive girl
jmany
yearshis junior. "suddenly this hideous
;couple hove into view; a foul old creaturewith
1acrone of a wife. To my horror, the man came
I over and introduced himself. 'Good heavens,
'l
Niven,' he said, haven't seenyou sinceyou

429
were at school.'\Ufhenthey'd gone, I could '
sensethat the girl was looking at me warily.
''Were you really
at school with him?' she
asked.iAbsoluteiy,'I told her. 'He was rhe,
musicmaster."'
i
4t
Ary
NIVERNAIS, LouisJulesMancini Mazarin,
Duc de(1716-98),French
soldieranddiplomat.
He wasambassador
to Rome(1748-52),Berlin
(1755),and London(1752-53).
I The widowedDuc de Nivernaiswasin the
habitof callingon theComtesse
deRochefort,
alsoa widow, everymorningwithout fail. The
regularityof thesevisitsdid not escapethe noto the
tice of the duke'sfriends,who suggested
widowerthat it would befar simplerfor him to
marrythe lady,"Oh, yes,certainlyr"repliedthe
duke, "but where would I then spend my
evenings?"
Ar, '.8
NIXON, RichardMilhous(1913- ), USpolitician; 37th president of the United States
(1969-74).Elected
in 1945,hewas
to Congress
uicepresidentunderEisenhowerfrom 1953to
1951.Defeatedin the presidentialelectionof
1,960and in the 1952 contestfor gouernorof
California, Nixon stageda political comeback
in the mid-1.960s.As presidenthe established
diplomaticrelationsbetweenthe United States
and Chinaand in 1.973endedUSmilitary participationin theV ietnamconflict.Howeuer,the
nation was shockedwhen it becameplain tbat
Nixon, despitehis strenuousdenials,wAs inuoluedin tbe couerupof the notoriousbreak-in
at Democratic headquartersin the Watergate
apartment complex. He wAs forced to resign
under threat of impeachment.His successor,
GeraldFord, at oncegrantedhim a freepardon.
I The first maiorattackon Nixon's integrity
camein 1952 when there were someunexplainedcontributionsfrom wealthyCalifornia
businessmen
to a fund uponwhich Nixon had
apparentlybeendrawingfor his own use.Eisenhowerwantedto drop Nixon ashisrunning
mateon the Republicanticket,but Nixon appearedon televisionto defendhimselfin what
becameknownastheCheckers
speech.
Having
dwelt at lengthon his humbleoriginsand his
advancementin life through his own efforts,

NIXON

Nixon admitted that he had accepted a gift

after the nomination - namely, a spaniel
puppy, which his daughter had christened
Checkers.He told how his kids loved the dog
and how, whatever anyone said, the family was
going to keep it. Thousands of telegramsof
support poured into Republicanheadquarters,
and Nixon remainedon the Republicanticket,
though cynical observersdescribedthe Checkers speechas "a slick production."
'$Tashington
2 At a Gridiron Club dinner in
Truman and Nixon were guests.That year the
theme of the annual event was Love. When
Nixon rose to give a short speech,he mentioned that during the predinner cocktail hour,
he had been asked to pass a bourbon-andwater to President Truman. This he presumably did. "'When Harry Truman," he said, "will
accept a drink from the hand of Richard Nixon
without having someone else taste it first that's Love."
3 In one of the televised debates between
presidential candidatesNixon and Kennedy in
"1,960,
Nixon demandedthat Kennedy disown
the earthy languageused by ex-PresidentTruman, a vigorous Kennedy supporter, and applauded the way in which Eisenhower had restored "the dignity of the office." Kennedyjust
laughed. A few minutes after the ending of the
debate, Nixon raged to the newsmen waiting
for comments, "That fucking bastard, he
wasn't supposedto be using notes!"
4 Meeting Kennedy" aide Ted Sorenson
shortly after Kennedy" inaugural address,
Nixon remarked that there were things in the
speechthat he would have liked to have said.
'Ask not
"Do you mean the part about
what
your country can do for you o o . ?"' saidSorenson. "Nor" replied Nixon, "the part beginning'l do solemnlyswear. . . ."'
5 On Octob er 28, L970, the presidentialmotorcade through St. Petersburg,Florida, came
to an abrupt halt when the policeman at the
head of the procession was hit by a truck.
Nixon rushedto the sceneand offeredhis sympathies to the injured policeman, Don Leadbeter. By way of reply, Leadbeter apologized
for holding up the motorcade. There was an
awkward silence as the president searchedfor

\
1
\

430

NIXON

something else to say. He finally blurted out'

"Do you like the work?"
6 In Parisfor the funeral of French president
GeorgesPompidou in 1974, Nixon remarked:
"This is a great d^y for France."
7 Signingcopies of his book Six Crises,at a
local bookstore, Nixon asked each customer
to what name he should addressthe inscription. One gentleman replied with a grin:
"You've just met your seventhcrisis.My name
is Stanislaus\Tojechzleschki."
8 "President Nixon was shaking hands and
talking with membersof a crowd at an airport
'How
is Smowhen a little girl shoutedto him,
k.y the Bear?' referring to the famous firefighting symbol who was then residing at the
WashingtonZoo. Nixon smiledat the girl and
turned away,but she kept waving and asking
her question. LJnableto make out her words,
Nixon sought help from his aide-de-camp,
'Smokey
SteveBull. Bull whispered,
the Bear,
\ilTashingtonNational Zoo.' Nixon walked
over to the little girl, shook her hand and said,
'How
do you do, Miss Bear?"'
9 Questionedby the British televisioninterviewer David Frost about his approvalof aplan
of action that entailed such criminal ingredients as burglary and the opening of orher
people'smail, Nixon replied,"'Well, when the
presidentdoes it, that meansit is nor illegal."
A--, q4
NOAILLES, Anna-Elisabeth, Comtesse de
(1876-1933),Frenchpoet and nouelist.
1 "Anna de Noailles (asFoujita puts the finishingtouchesto his portrait of her):'But you
haven't made my eyes big enough. My eyes
have been compared to broad flowing rivers.
And what have you done to my forehead?
Make it broader and higher. I'm a poet - what
do you supposeI do my thinking with? This
portrait has got to be just right - it will be all
anyone knows of how I look, after I'm dead.
After all, my friend, one of thesedaysI will be
dead.' Foujita (between clenched teeth):
tYes.t tt

As, 4

NORBURY, JohnToler, 1stEarl of (1745183l), Irish lawyer;chiefjusticeof theCourtof

A staunch
CommonPleasin lreland(180A-27).
supporterof the union of Englandand lreland
Norbury was
ascendancy,
andof theProtestant
frequently accusedof partiality against tbe
He wasmuchdislikedfor his
RomanCatholics.
snrcasmand buffooneryon thebench,although
in priuatelife he seemsto hauebeeniust and
kindly.
I Norbury was riding with another Irish lawyer, John Parsons,in Parson'scarriage.Their
t
route took them pasta gibbetwith a corpsestill
hangingon it. The melancholysight prompted
Lord Norbury to remark,"Ah, Parson,if we all
had our deserts,where would you be?"
"Alone in my carriage,"was the response.
{2 A Dublin attorney having died in poverty,
fhis legalcolleaguesset up a subscriptionto pay
ifor his funeral. Lord Norbury was asked to
rcontribute.On inquiring whai sum would be
iappropriate,he was told that no one elsehad
subscribedmore than a shilling. "A shilling!"
exclaimedthe judge, reachinginto his pocket.
'"A shilling to bury an attorney?Why, here'sa
j guinea! Bury one and twenty of the
scoundrels."
{slight variants of this story, involving other personages,
abound. SeeAlEx,
ANDREDuue s (pere)5 .)
i
3 Even as he lay dying, Lord Norbury could
not resista jest.Realizingthat his end was imminent, he sent his valet around to another
aged peer who was also on his deathbed.
'James,"
he said,"presentmy complimentsto
Lord Erne and tell him it will be a dead heat
betweenus."
A-'' 'z'$
NORDEN, Denis (1922- ), British broadcaster and scriptwriter. In collaboration with
Frank Muir, he has written scripts for numerous comedy programs on radio and teleuision
and frequently appeArson panel games.
L During the course of conversation with
Sir PeterScott, famous ornithologist and honorary director of the Wildfowl Trust, Norden unthinkingly let slip the casual remark,
" . o . doing it that wly, you can kill two birds
with one stone."

431

NOYES

NORTH, Frederick,Lord (1732-92),British

statesman;prime minister (1770-82). His financialmeasures
beforebecomingprimeminister led to confrontation with the American
colonists;hencehe was heldlargelyresponsible
for the outbreakof the AmericanReuolution.
British failuresin the conflictwerealsoblamed!
on him and forcedhis resignation.
i
I When North wasvisitingAlgiers,he asked
thed.y if hemightseethewomenof hisharem.
The dey'sreactionwas not at all what might
havebeenexpectedof a jealousorientalpotentate:"He is so ugly,let him seethemall."
2 Sir Joseph Mawbey rose during a parliamentary sitting and roundly attacked Lord
North for his part in the revolt of the American
colonists. He assertedthat it was entirely due
to North's mismanagement that so much
blood had been spilled and so many resources
wasted in an unnecessarywar. Lord North listened to the onslaughtwith his eyesshut. "Furthermor," continued SirJoseph,"he is so little
affectedby consciousnessof his misdeedsthat
he is even now asleep."Lord North stirred in
his seat and opened his eyes."I wish to God,
Mr. Speaker,I was asleep," he remarked, and
closed his eyesagain.
3 After one of his frequent quarrels with his
father, the Prince of Wales (later King George
IV) asked Lord North to act as mediator and
bring about a reconciliation. Having made the
prince's peacewith GeorgeIII, Lord North reported his successto the prince, adding a
little homily for the occasion: "Now, ffiy
dear prince, do in future conduct yourself
differently- do so for God's sake, do so for
your own sake,do so for your excellentfather's
sake, do so for the sake of that good-natured
man Lord North, and don't oblige him againto
tell your good father so many lies as that goodnatured man has been obliged to tell him this
morning."
l t h became
d. lH . \
bl ind.
'
a e lLor,
- rd N, l Olrt
4 I n h i sol(
cl dt ag(
rst
rdwlhc
o lhad likewiselost
y a 'fri:ienr
db
by
was visitec
ins; m - l
t
\ 'illl ssuspect
us orf in
nel,
on(
el,r [l'r o oont ewi
sight. "Co>lo
! I
I t :oo see
ourld be overjoyed
shr
cerity if wve) s aLyWriresl
each othe? t r ' SAidI t hhe ol,ld man ln greetlting his
J
friend.

bi'l

A$, q8

NORTHCLIFFE, Alfred CharlesWilliam

Harmsworth,Viscount (1855-1922),British
newspaper publisher and politician. He
foundedthe Daily Mail (1595)and the Daily
Mirror (1903);in 1908heacquiredThe Times.
I Northcliffe was notorious for his arbrtrary
dismissalof journalists.He once singledout a
certain employee and asked him if he was
h"ppy in his work. "Yes, sir," replied the journalist. "Then you're dismissedr" snapped
Northcliffe. "l don't want anyone here to be
content on five pounds a week."
Art ..'8

NORTHCOTE, James(1745-1831
), British
artist specializingin portraits and historical
paintings.
1 Sitting for Northcote, the Duke of Clar-)
ence(afterwardrilTilliamIV) askedif the artist I
knew his brother,the PrinceRegent.North- 1
cote said he did not, and the duke was sur- I
prised:"Why, my brothersaysheknowsyou." I
"That's only his brag,"repliedNorthcote. I
A.' q8
NORTON, Fletcher, lst Baron Grantley
(1716-89),British lawyer. Unscrupulousand
abrasiuein manner,Nortonfeaturesin cartoons
of the period concerningthe many celebrated
casesin which he appearedas "Sir Bull-Face
Double-Fee."
I Norton was once pleadingbefore Lord
Mansfieldon the subjectof manorialrights.
Duringthe courseof his speech,he madethe
unfortunateremark,"My lord, I canillustrate
the point in an instantin my own person;I
myselfhavetwo little manor5-." Lord Mansfield, pouncingwith glee upon the unintentional putr, interrupted,"'We all know it, Sir
Fletcher."
Ar, ".8
NOYES, John Humphrey (1811-85),US social reformer; founder of the communistic Oneida Community in L847.
I Noyes envisioneda society in which there
was no motry, no private propefty, food and
shelter for all, and thus no need for competition. A visitor to the community is saidto have
askedher guide the nature of the fragrancethat

432

NOYES

she smeltin "the HonorableJohn's" house.

maybe,"was
"The odor of crushedselfishness,
the reply.
Ar, 48
NUFFIELD, William Richard Morris, lst
British car menufacViscount (1'877-1,963),
turer and philanthropist.He setup theMorris
carfactory,wltich euentuallybecamepart of the
nationalized motor group, British Leyland.
Nuffield founded Nuffield College,Oxford,
and his charitablefoundationhas mademany
important gifts.
When Lord Nuffield was planningthe
. (f
' foundationof a collegeat Oxford, he wasinvited to dine one night at MagdalenCollege.
Leaving afterdinner,h. stoppedto collecthis
hat at the porter'slodge.It wasproducedso
rapidlythat Nuffieldaskeddoubtfullyhow the
i porter knew it was his. "l don't, my lordr"
answered
theporter,"but it's theoneyoucame

with."

NURMI, Paavo(1 897-1973),Finnish athlete.

Known as the FlyingFinn, he is iudged by many
the greatest long-distancelunner of all time.
I During the L 924 Olympics in Paris,Nurmi
ran seven races in six days. Adrian Pavlen,
former president of the IAAF and himself an
Olympic long-distancerunner, recalls the day
in which Nurmi won the 1,500-meterevent'
then seventy-fiveminutes later won the 5,000.
That night Pavlenand some friends were on a
bus going from Colombes,the Olympic village,
to a party in Paris.The distancewas about six
miles. "'We looked out the window and there
was Nurmi walking to Paris, even though he
had competed in the 1,500 and 5,000 a few
hours earlier."
{In his later years Nurmi suffered from
thrombosis in the brain, a heart attack,
partial paralysis on his left side, and
blindness in his left eye. Almost to the
d^y he died he walked eight miles a day.)

es'O q8
OATES, Lawrence Edward Grace (1880I9l2), British explorer and membe, of Robert
Falcon Scott's ill-fated expedition to the South
Pole.
I On their return journey from the Pole,
Scott's party was beset by fearful blizzards.
Oates suffered badly from frostbitten feet,
which were turning gangrenous.He beggedto
be left behind so as not to slow up the others.
His companionswould not hear of it, and they
struggled on for another d^y.The following
morning the blizzard was still raging. Oates
said,"l am just going outside and may be some
time." He then walked out of the tent and
vanishedforever into the storm.
{Oates's sacrifice was in vain because
Scott and the rest of the party died before
reaching their base camp. The story of
Oates's heroism became known only
through Scott's diaries, found some
months later in his tent by searchparty.
" where Oates
A cross,placednearthe spot
walked out into the bhzzard, commemorates him as "a very gallant gentleman.")
Ar, q8
OFFENBACH, Jacques(1819-80), French
composer born in Cologne. Born ]acob Eberst,
he adopted the name Offenbach after the town
in which his father liued. He wrote a number of
popular operettAs, such as La Belle H6l0ne
(1864) and the grand opera Tales of Hoffman
(produced posthumously L88 L).
I Offenbach dismissedhis valet, but gavethe
man such an excellent reference that a friend
wondered why he should havelet him go. "Oh,
he's a good fellow," said Offenbach, "but he
won't do for a composer.He beatsmy clothes
outside my door every morning and his tempo
is nonexistent."

O'HARA, John[HenryJ(1905-70),USnouelist, short-story writer, and playwrigbt. His

nouelsincludeAppointmentin Samarra(1934)
and Butterfield8. He hadgreatadmirationfor
the refinedmannersof tbe Iuy League.
I Pooling their money during the Spanish
'War,
Civil
Ernest Hemingway, JamesLardner,
and Vincent Sheeanfound they had some ro
spare.There followed a discussionas ro how
the surplus should be spenr. SuggestedHemingway:"Let's take the bloody money and start
a bloody fund to sendJohn O'Hara to Yale."
{The anecdote was circulated in several
versions.)
2 (Someoneonce said of O'H aru that he was
master of the fancied slight.)
Robert Benchley and his daughter-in-law
Marjorie, catching sight of O'H ara at the restaurant "2Ir" called him over to their table.
Marjorie said,'John, we'vejust beenseeingPal
] oey agarn,and, do you know, I like it even
better than I did the first time."
"'What was the matter with it the first time?"
said O'Hara.

Ary -8
OLDFIELD, Anne (1683-1,730),
Britisb actress.
I Mrs. Oldfield was a passenger
on a ferry
thlt appearedin imminenrdangerof capsizing.
\il7hentheotherpassengers
brokeinto lamentitions at what seemedto be their approaching
doom,Mrs. Oldfieldrebukedthemwittr greai
dignity.Theirdeathswould bemerelya marrer
for privategrief,but, sheremindedthem,"l am
a publicconcern."
Ar, ..6
OLryIER, Laurence[Kerr], Baron (1,90789), Britisb actor, who madehis namein No27

434

OL IVI ER

Cowardt Private Lives (1930) and ioined the

Old Vic in 1937, where he Played many
Shakespearean roles. He played in and directed the highly successful films Henry V
(1944), Hamlet (1945), and Richard III
(1955). Regarded as one of the world's
greatest character actors, be was director of
the British National Theatre Company from
1961 to 1973; part of the National Theatre
has been named tbe Oliuier Theatre in his
honor. He was made a life peer in 1970.
1 At the tender age of ten, Olivier gave a
highly acclaimedperformance as Brutus in a
school production of Julius Caesar.The actress Ellen Terry saw the play and declared:
"The boy who plays Brutus ts already ^ great
actor." Thesewords of praisewere relayedto
the young Olivier. "Who is Ellen Terry?" he
asked.
2 On a visit to Jamarcaas the guest of Noel
Coward, Sir Laurence Olivier accompanied
Coward to a mountaintop to see the playwright's favorite view. Looking out at the terracesof jungle sprawledbeneathhim, Olivier
had but one comment:"lt looks like rows and
rows of empty seats."
Ar, =oB
'OMAR

(died to 654),Muslim caliph during

whose caliphate (534-544) Arah rule was extendedouer what is now Syria, Iraq, lran, and
Egpt.
'Omar's
|
general'Amr lbn Al-as conquered
Egypt in 640. In 642, when the city of Alexandria surrenderedto him, 'Amr sent to 'Omar
for instructions about how to deal with its
great library, which contained hundreds of
thousands of texts from classicalantiquity.
'Omar
replied,"lf the writings of the Greeks
agreewith the Koran they are superfluousand
need not be presenred;if they disagreethey are
pernicious,and ought not to be preserved."
'Amr
therefore ordered the irreplaceable
manuscriptsto be usedto fuel the furnacesfor
the public baths. It is said that they kept the
furnacesgoing for six months.
{This story, told on the authority of
the thirteenth-centurySyrianchurchman
Bar-Hebraeus (Abulfarai), is generally
'Omar's
agreedto be a fabrication,but
reported reply epitomizes the rationale

of book-burners everywhere at any

time.)
Ar, ..6
ONASSIS, Aristotle [Socrates] (1906-75),
Greek shipping magnate. He liued on a yacht
called Christina, where he entertained, among
others, SirW inston Churchill and Maria Callas,
the opera singer,with whom he had a long and
tempestuousrelationship. In 1958 he married
the widowed Jacqueline Kennedy. His empire
included about one hundred companiesand a
mercbant fleet of fifty-frrt ships, as well as numerous holdings in banks, shipyards, and
hotels.
I On the Christina Onassishad installed a)
luxurious private bathroom adjoining his of-'
fice. The door was a one-way mirror, whichi
enabledhim to observeunsuspectingvisitorsl
from the privacy of the bathroom. t)Llring a
businessmeeting one afternoon Onassisex- \
cused himself and went to the bathroom.
Comfortably enthroned,he looked up at the
door and was horrified to see his own reflection staring back at him. A workman making
minor repairsto the door earlierin the d^y had
replacedthe mirror the wrong way around.
Ar, ..6
O'NEAL, Tatum (1963-

), US actress,

1 When fourteen-year-oldTatum O'Neal

was making the film International V eluet, a
school inspectorcame to make sure that she
was not falling behind in her studies.Noting
that her math was not very good, he asked
whether that did not bother her. The child
starwas unconcerned:"Oh, oo, I'll havean accountant."

Ar, {t
US dramaO'NEILL, Eugene(1888-1953),
tist. Broughtup in the theaterby his actor fain 1913turned
ther,an attackof tuberculosis
him toward writing plays. His first fullJength
Play,Beyondthe Horizon (1920),won a Pulitzerprize.AnnaChristie (1922)and Mourning BecomesElectra(1931)werefurthersucIn 1935hewasawardedtheNobelPrize
cesses.
for literature.lll healthand alcoholismdoged
saw the crehis later years,which nonetheless
works,suchasThe
ationof someof bisgreatest

435

ORSAY

IcemanCometh(1945)and theautobiographical Long Day'sJourneyinto Night (wrinen in

1940-41,,but not performeduntil 1955).
I Working as a news reporter on the N
found it
LondonTelegraph,O'Neillsometimes
difficultto deliverhis storiesin a form acceptableto hiseditor.Onecontributioncameback
with the followingnote:"This is a lovelystory,
but would you mind finding out the name of,
the gentleman who canred the lady and
whether the dame is his wife or daughter or
hint as
for a htnt
hospttaltor
as to.
phone the
to {
the hospital
And phone
who? And
who?

whether she is dead or dischargedor what?f

Then put the facts into a hundred and fifty{
wordsandsendthisliterarybatikto thepicture{
'
framers.tt

2 O'Neill alwaysstrongly obiected to cutting

any of his plays. When director and playwright
RusselCrouse asked him to shorten the script
of Ah, Wilderness! he was very reluctant. The
following day he telephoned Crouse to tell him
that he had cut fifteen minutes. Surprisedand
pleased,Crouse said, "I'll be right over to get
the changes."
"Oh, there aren't any changesto the textr"
O'Neill explained, "but you know we have
beenplayingthis thing in four acts.I've decided
to cut out the third intermission."

Ar, -8
OPPENHEIMER, J. Robert(1904-67),US
physicist,directorof thelnstitute for Aduanced
Studiesin Princeton,New Jrsltfrom 1947to
of
L955.He was in chargeof the deuelopment
the atomic bomb at the end of World War II,
andfrom 1945to 1952helda keypositioninUS
atomicpolicy. His misgiuingsaboutthe hydrogen bomb causedhim to foll foul of a McCarthyitewitch-hunt(1953),andhewaslabeled
a security risk. Thereafterhe deuotedhimself
mainly to consideringthe ethicsof sciencein
society.
I PhysicistJamesFranck was professor
"f{
GottingenUniversitywhen the twenty-threei
wasbeingexaminedfor
year-oldOppenheimer
his doctorate.On emergingfrom the oral ex-i
amination,Franck remarked,"I got out ofi
therejust in time.He wasbeginningto ask//7i
questions."

2 As Oppenheimer watched the first atomicf

bomb explode in a test at Alamogordo, New\
Mexico, on July L6, 1945, a passagefrom thel
Hindu scripture, the BhagauadGita, came intoi
his mind: "lf the radianceof a thousand suns;
were to burst into the sky, that would be like
the splendor of the Mighty One." Then, as the
enormous mushroom cloud darkened the skyr
another sentencefrom the same source came,
to him: "l am become Death, the shattererof
worlds."
3 After his contract with the Atomic Energy
Commissionwas canceledon securitygrounds,
Oppenheimer continued his work at Princeton. In April 1962 he was invited to a White
House dinner by PresidentJohn F. Kennedy.
Then in December L953 he was awarded the
Enrico Fermi Award of the Atomic Energy
Commission.Accepting this sign of official forgiveness from Lyndon B. Johnson, Oppenheimer said, "I think it is just possible,Mr.
President,that it may have taken some charity
and some couragefor you to make this award
today."
Ar, 48
ORSAY, Alfred-Guillaume-Gabriel, Count d'
(1801 -52), French dandy, who spent many
yearsin England. He and his stepmother-in'hw,
Marguerite, Countess of Blessington, headed
one of the most glittering of London's coteriesin
the 1830sand 1840suntil, encumberedby debt,
they had to flee to France, where they both died.
I After 1841 Count d'Orsaywas besetby fear
of arrestfor debt. The curious laws of the time,
however, put him in no dangerof being served
with a writ or arrested between sunset and
sunrise. During daylight hours, visitors to his
house had to establish their identity before
they were allowed in, and two masdffsprowled
in the garden.Despitetheseprecautionsan enterprising bailiff, disguised as an errand boy,
managed to gain admittance late one afternoon. He surprised the count in his dressing
room and revealed his true identity. D'Orsay,
who was halfway through his toilet, did not
lose his head. He asked the officer if he might
finish dressingand courteously bade him take a
chair. For over an hour the man sat and
watched, fascinated, oblivious to the rapidly
approachingsunset.The count, however, was

436

ORSAY
j
I

of thesun.As
monitoringtheprogress
I carefully
he
gently rehorizon,
the
below
i,
slipped
I
no
now
his
authority
that
the
officer
minded
f
I loneerran and sent for a seryantto showhim

l L /

I out.
2 Seatedat dinner next to the willful Lady
Holland, Count d'Orsay found her ladyship
determined to monop ohze his attention;
wheneverit seemedto wander, she would reclaim it by dropping something, which, of
course,the count had to retrievefor her. First
her napkin fell to the floor, then a spoon, then
her ladyship" fan. Finally the count lost patience and turning to the footman behind his
chair, told him to place his platesand cutlery
on the floor. "l shallfinishmy dinner there," he
announced."lt will be so much more convenient for my Lady Holland."
8s, q8
OSCAR II (1829-1,907), king of Sweden
(1872-1907) and Norutay (1872-1905).
I Visiting a vill ageschool one d^y, the king
asked the pupils to name the greatestkings of
Sweden.The answerswere unanimous: Gustavus Vasa, GustavusAdolphus, CharlesXII.
Then the teacherleanedover to one little boy
and whisperedsomethingin his ear."And King
Oscar," volunteered the child. "Really? And
what has King Oscar done that's so remarkable?"askedthe king. "l - I - I don't know,"
stammeredthe unhappy child. "That's all right,
my boy," said the king. "Neither do I."
As, q8
O'TOOLE,
Peter (1,932- ), British fil*
Actor, who rose rapidly to stardom in such films
as Lawrence of Arabia (1952), Becket (1954),
and The Lion in Winter (1965).
I As a little boy Peter O'Toole attended a
school run by nuns. One d^y in a drawing class
the children had been asked to draw a horse.
Peter finished his and was sitting idle. A nun
suggestedthat he make some additions- a
saddle,maybe. The child got busy and after a
time the nun returned. tilfhen she saw what he
had drawn, shewent crimson and started slapping him; he had addeda penisto the horseand
shown it urinating. As the nun buffeted him,
the bewilderedchild protested,"But I was only
drawing what I saw."

"'Walter O'Keefe, an actor in the US in

the 1930s,was once invited to addressa
medicalconvention.He found on arrival
at the banquetthat the conventionwasin
fact one of chiropodists.
"O'Keefe had hardly tucked his napkin into his collar when a fanfare rang
through the hall and the chiropodists
leaped to attention. A spotlight roved
across the heads of the multitude and
picked up, on a wall bracket, Old Glory
rippling in the breeze of an electric fan.
After a properly patriotic salute,O'Keefe
and the chiropodistsagainattacked their
meal, an interval largely given over to a
long, unhappy account by the chairman
of his troubles in organizing the luncheon. Just as the ladyfingersand bombe
glac6e were arriving a second fanfare
brought everyoneup again.
"The spotlight settled on the swinging
doors to the kitchen where stood a chef
in a tall hat and apron. He bowed, flourished to his staff inside,and a huge foot
sculpturedout of ice rolled into view on a
tea wagon. Amid thunderousapplause,it
made a slow, majestic circuit of the
tables. As it drew abreast the speaker's
table, the already irascible chairman
turned a rich mulberry.
"'God damn itr' he snarled into
O'Keefe'searr'they'vegoneand dropped
the metatarsalarch!"'
- S.J. Perelman,
"Two Years down the Drainr" in
'47,
The Magazine of the Year

2 As a young actor PeterO'Toole landeda bit

part as a Georgian peasantin a Chekhov play.
All he had to do was to come on stage,announce, "Dr. Ostroff, the horses are readyr"
and exit. Determined to obtain what mileage
he could out of this unpromisingrole, O'Toole
conceivedof the peasantas a youthful Stalin:
he made himself ,rp to look like Stalin, practiced a slight limp like Stalin's,and rehearsed
his line to indicate his furious resenrmenr
againsthis social betters. The first-night audiencewas duly arousedby the entry of this ominous figure.Concentratingintensely,O'Toole

437

OWEN

madehis announcement:
"Dr. Horsey,the osJ
I
troffs are ready."
Ar' 4E
archdukeof Austria,faOTTO (1855-1900),
ther of EmperorCharlesf.
I The archdukesubmittedto a medical.*-i
aminationby ^ renownedViennesephysician.
The latter made careful,exhaustiveinquiries
about his patient'ssymptoffis,pains,and so
forth. Theseinsistentquestionsirritated the 1
archdukeand he wasfrank enoughto sayso.
The doctor replied,"Your Highness,I suggest
the next time you ask for a veterinarian.He
I
cureswithout asking anyquestions."
4., .8
OUIDA [Marie Louisede la Ramee](18391908), British nouelist.Her pseudonymwas
based on a childish mispronunciation of
"Louise." The receptionof her popularnouels
of military and fashionablesocietywas helped
by the attacksand parodiesthey euoked.Her
most lasting successwas Under Two Flags
(1,857).
I Ouida,who neversufferedfrom falsemodesty,enjoyedthe chagrinof "serious"writeis

whose successwas a fraction of her own. Once

when Oscar Wilde asked her the secretof her
popularity, she confided, "l am the only
woman who knows how two dukes talk when
they are alone."
{She didn't, of course, and one of the
pleasuresreadersfound in her novelswas
spotting the ridiculous blunders she
madewhen describingmasculineconversation and pursuits.The most famous of
these,"All rowed fast, but none so fast as
stroker" comes, however, not from one
of her books but from a parody by Desmond Coke.)
Ar, 45
OWEN, Robert (1771-185S),Welsh manufacturer and social reformer, founder in 1825of the
New Harmony, Indiana, utopian community.
1 There are many heart-breaking records of i
nineteenth-century child labor in the coal
mines of England. The philanthropist Owen
once talked to a twelve-year-old breaker boy,
coal-black, weary from digging shalefrom broken coal. "Do you know God?" asked Owen.
Replied the boy, "No. He must work in some
other mine."

es, P qS
/ PACHMANN, Vladimir de (1848-1933),
u Rzssian pianist. He excelledas a performerof
andentertaining
manners
I Chopin;his eccentric
I on the platform madehim highlypopularwith
\ audiences.

paigning abroad fo, support fo, a free and

united Poland. He became prime minister of
Poland (1919), but, failing to bring about national unity, resigned.

t
tr Pachmann'seccentricitieswere not confined to his own stage appearances.During a
concert by Leopold Godowsky, Pachmann
once rushed onto the stage saying, "No, oo,
Leopold, you moost play it like so." He then
gaveademonstrationto the delightedaudience
as Godowsky sat by, crimson-faced. He explained that he would not have bothered for
just any old player. "But Godowsky is ze zecond greatestliffing pianistr" he announced.
2 During a London recital at which he played
Chopin's Minute Ylaltz Pachmannadopted a
curious hunched position, crouching over the
keyboard so that no one could seehis hands.
Feelingthe audiencewas owed some explanation, he said,"Vy I do zis?I vill tell. I seern ze
owdience mein alte freund Moriz Rosenthal,
and I do not vish him ro copy my fingering."
3 One of de Pachmann'sfavorite tricks before a recital was to play about with the piano
stool, adjustingand readjusringit, until the audience becamedesperate.Then he would rush
into the wings to fetch a largebook, placeit on
the seat,and try that. He would indicatethat all
was still not satisfactory and would rear one
page from the book and try it again. Finally, if
the audiencewas lucky, he would begin.
4., qt
PADEREWSKI, Ignace Jan (1860-1941),
Polish pianist, composer, and statesman. Paderewski was renowned for the uirtuosity of his
playing.WhenWorld'War I broke ottt, he dedicated himself to the senticeof his country, cam-

| \fhen Paderewski played before Queen

Victoria, he won her enthusiastic approval.
"Mr. Paderewskir"she exclaimed, "you are a
genius." Paderewski,who liked to allude to the
number of hours he spentpracticing everyd^y,
shook his head, "Perhaps,Your Majesty, but
before that I was a drudge."
2 Paderewski'senormousreputation was not
taken as seriouslyby fellow pianists as by the
adoring public. Moriz Rosenthalwenr to hear
Paderewskiplay in London and is reported to
have said after the concert, "He plays well, I
suppose,but he's no Paderewski."
3 A young American srudent visiting the
Beethovenmuseum in Bonn was fascinatedby
the piano on which Beethovenhad composed
some of his greatestworks. Sheasked the museum guard if she could play a few bars on it;
she accompaniedthe requestwith a lavish tip,
and the man agreed.The girl sat down ar the
piano and tinkled out the opening of the-_
Moonlighf Sonata.As she was leaving, she said
to the guard, "I supposeall the grear pianists
who come here want to play on that piano."
The guard shook his head; "tilfell, Paderewski
was here a few years agoand he said he wasn't
worthy to touch it."
4 Paderewskihad been asked to play for the
dinner guests of a certain EngliJh duchess.
Somewhat taken aback by the size of the fee
demandedby the pianist, the duchessdecided
not to invite him for the meal itself and wrote:
"Dear Maestro, acceptmy regretsfor not inviting you to dinner. As a professionalartist you

439

PALEI$(/SKI

i will be more at easein a niceroom whereyou

\ can rest before the concert." Paderewski
\ promptly replied:"Dear Duchess,thank you
I for yourletter.Asyou sokindlyinformmethat
I I am not obligedto bepresentat your dinner,I
with half of my fee."
Ishallbe satisfied
SeealsoFntrz KnptslER2.
' 5 Paderewskiattended the 1"91,9
Paris Peace
' Conferenceas the new premier of Poland"The
''
French premier, GeorgesClemenceau,was introduced to the great musician. "Are you a
cousin of the famous pianist Paderewski?"he
i asked mischievously."l am the famous pianist," replied Paderewski.l'And -you have become prime minister?"exclaimedClemenceau.
, "'What a comedown!"
6 The pianists Moriz Rosenthal and Abram
Chasinsattended one of Paderewski'sfarewell
appearances.Long past his prime as a playe4
Piderewski turned in a dismal performance.
Chasinsobsenredsadly, "The things that man
has forgotten!"
"'What he forgets isn't so bad," retorted Rosenthal. "It's what he remembers!"
Aro 'e$
PAIGE, Leroy Robert ["Satchel"] (1904-82),
US baseball player, one of the greatest of all
pitchers. A prominent figrrrt in Negro baseball
-in
the 1920s, he later played for the Cleueland
Indians (1948-51) and the St. Louis Browns.
I "Paige worked briefly as a coach for the
now-defunct Tulsa Oilers in 1976 and every
night youngsters trooped to him for autographs. He gave them a small, white business
'Look on the back. That's where
iard and said,
my secretis.' The little leaguersturned over the
'Six Rules for a
card and read SatchelPaige's
Happy Life':
'i t''!..Avoid fried meats which angry up the
blood.
"'z.If your stomachdisputesyou, lie down
and pacify it with cool thoughts.
( 33.
Keep the iuices flowing by jangling
around gently as you move.
"'4. Go very light on vices such as carrying
on in society. The social ramble ain't restful.
6665.Avoid running at all times.
"'6. Don't look back. Something may be
gaining on you."'
4., 48

"Sir tWilliam Petty, I7th-century English

political economist, had a boy (that is, a
young servant)that whistled incomparably well. He after wayted on a Lady, a
widowe, of good fortune. Every night
this boy was to whistle his Lady asleepe.
At last she could hold out no longr, but
bids her chamber-maydwithdraw: bids
him come to bed, settshim to worke, and
marries him the next d^y."

- Aubrey'sBrief Liues

Britisbpoliti-\
PAINE, Thomas(1737-1809),
cal theoristand writer. His pamphletCommon/
in iustifyingthel
Sense(1775)wasinstrumental
AmericnnReuolution.WhenDisRightsof Man I
(1791-92)
appearedin supportof the French\
'Reuolution,'ie
was chargeclwith treasonandl,
He wls blectedto the French',
France.
to
fttd
'Conuention,
and':
imprisonedby Robespierre,
escapedtheguillotineonly by chance.Belieuingi
that the Americanshad desertedhim when he:
was in dangerin France,Painewrote a bitterti
attack on itrtrol Washington.He euentually\i
emigratedto the UnitedStates(1502),whereht !
fouid himself unpopular. He died in New \
York.
I Benjamin Franklin said to Paine, "'Where
liberty is, there is my country." Paine answered, "Where liberty is not, there is mine."
2 When Paine was traveling through Baltimore, he was accosted by a Swedenborgian
minister who had recognrzedhimasthe author
of The Age of Reason. The deistic thesis expounded by that book had led to a large number of answersfrom divines of various persuasions, and the minister was clearly anxious to
present the Swedenborgianviewpoint. Having
introduced himself,he began,"I am minister of
the New Jerusalem Church here, and we explain the true meaning of the Scripture. The
k.y had been lost above four thousand years,
but we have found it."
"It must have been very rustyr" said Paine
coolly.
As' '"t8

PALEWSKI, Gaston (died 1984), French

statesman,de Gaulle'schef de cabinet (Chief

440

PALEI$(/SKI

of Staff), once the louer of Nancy Mitford, in

whose nouels he occasionally makes a lightly
disguised appearance.

"If
" Palmerston
wasunimpressed.
f Englishman.
tl I were not an Englishmanr"he replied, "I
Ilthouldwishto be an Englishman."

I Noted for his amatory enterprise,Palewski,

offering to drive a girl home from a party, met
with the polite response,"Thank you, but I'm
too tired; I think I'll walk."

physicianbroke the newsto

[+ Palmerston's
that he wasgoingto die.
I the elderlystatesman
is saidto
[ "Die, my deardoctor?"Palmerston
I shall
"That's
last
thing
the
exclaimed.
lhave
ldo!"

&rn.-q8
PALEY, William (L743'-I805), British clergyman. He wrote seueralbooks on religion, most
notably Evidencesof Christianity (1794).

4., qi

PARK, Mungo (1771,-1805)

, Scottishexplorer
of Africa. He describedhis first expeditionin
Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa
(1799); on his second expedition he was
drownedduring an attackby natiues.

I Appointed archdeacon of Carlisle, Paley

made no secretof his feeling that his position
entitled him to lord it over the lesserclergy.
Feelinga draft on his back during a diocesan
dinner, he summoned a footman and instructed him, "Close the window behind me
and open one behind one of the curates."

I While exploringa particularlywild anduncultivatedregionof Africa,Parkunexpectedly

cameacrossa gibbet."The sightof it," helater
remarked,"gave me infinite pleasure,as it
provedthat I wasin a civilizedsociety."

A'' 48

PALMERSTON, Henry John Temple,3d

Viscount (1784-1865), British statesman;
prime minister (1855-58, 1859-65).He enteredParliamentas a Tory, but subsequently
ioined the Whigs.Tbreetimesforeignsecretary
(1830-34,1835-41,1845-51),
hewasinfluential in shapingBritain's stronglynationalistic
policy in foreignaffairs.

Ar, 48
PARKER, Dorothy (1893-1967),US shortstory writer, tlteatercritic, doyenneof minor
light t)erse,and wit.
|

\fhile

a book reviewer for The New

Parker went on her honeymoon. Her editor, Harold Ross, began pressuring her for her belated copy. She replied,
"Too fucking busy, and vice versa."

R Yorker, Dorothy

| \il7henPalmersronwas a yourr,fian, the

Duke of Wellingron rryde in appoinrmenr
with him for half gast sevenin tlie morning.
Someoneexpr-6s'6doubt that Palmerrtoi,
who keptlat,ehours,would beableto keepthe
appointfrnt. "of courseI shall,"he retorted.
:'I+ p:lrfectlyeasy:I shallkeepit the lastthing
bpforeI go ro bed."

2 At one time Dorothy Parker had a small,

dingy cubbyhole of an office in the Metropolitan Opera House building in New York. As no
one evercameto seeher, shebecamedepressed
and lonely. I7hen the signwriter came to paint
her name on the office door, she gor him ro
write instead the word "GENTLEMEN."

2 Standingwith Palmersronat a military review on a particularlyhot d^y, the queen

3 A young man looking loftily around at a
watcheda companyof perspiringvolunteers
party said, "l'm afraid I simply cannor bear
doublingpasther.Their proximitycausedher
fools."
to put her handkerchiefto her nose.Shere"How oddr" said Dorothy Parker. "Your
markedto Palmerston,
"Don't you think there
mother could, apparently."
is ratheta . . . ?"
"Oh, that's what we call esprit de corps, I 4 tilTilliam Randolph Hearst lived with his
ma'amr" replied.
,, movie-starmistressMarion Daviesin his spec1..

rl

3 A certainFrenchman,eagerto flatter the

patrioticLord Palmerston,
onceremarked,"If
I werenot a Frenchman,
I shouldwishto bean

,' tacular castle,SanSimeon.Hollywood personalities were frequent guests.Hearst always inlsisted upon the obse-rvationof certain rules.
'Despite
his own irregular association with

441,

P A R K E R ,D O R O T H Y

Marion Davies,one of theserules was thatl

thereshouldbe no love-makingbetweenunmarried couples.Dorothy Parker broke thel
rule and receiveda note from her host asking
her to leave.In the SanSimeonvisitors'book
sheleft theselines:
Upon my honor,
i
I sawa Madonna
Standingin a nichet
't
Abovethe door
Of the famouswhore
Ii
Of a prominentson of a bitch.
{ln a variantof this storyDorothy Parker
wasaskedto leaveSanSimeonfor drinking too much.)
5 After someyearsapartDorothy Parkerand
her secondhusband,Alan Campbell,wereremarried.At the receptionfollowing the ceremony she remarked,"People who haven't
talked to eachother for yearsare on speaking
terms againtoday- including the bride and
groom.tt

6 Dorothy Parkerand a friend were talkingI

abouta forieful andgarrulouscelebrity."She'sI
so outspo|.n," remarked the friend. "31
I
whom?"askedDorothy.
7 Dorothy Parkerwrote a report on a yalel R
prom at which the numberand beautyof ther
girls presenthad obviouslymadea deep i-- ,
pressionon her. "If all those sweet young
"l
lhingswerelaidendto end,"sheannounced,
wouldn't be at all surprised."
:rtal
ain
hat a certa[
rrH
rriterri
o w terr
ine
idin
one it: slidinl
8

,icultur'
:i,
re
hortt
rd ho
ut
ture
u
ure,bu
rticult
cultu
ry
)oroth'
sard DDor
in their
10 Lookingata worn-out toot
bstsaidto Dorhostess'sbathroom, a fell

othy Parker,"Ylhqyrffi,o you think she"does

with that?"

"I thi
rep

e rides it on Ha,llstveenr"was the

.t/

of her play
11 Attendingthe dre.se-rehearsal
CloseHarmoSb,"DdiothyParkerwasdiscour,'-

agedby the performance.

The leadingladywas
amply endowed.At one pgint"thb producer,
sittingwith Dorothy,whfsbered,"Don't you
think she ought.to'"weara brassierein this
scene?"

1,sad"F.,,;*'^j'r

"Go-dyd'br" said Dorothy. "You've got to

haveiomething in the show that moves."
12 Gossiping about an acquaintance, Dorothy Parker murmured in bogus admiration,
"You know, she speaks eighteen languages.
'No'
in any of them."
And she can't say
13 In the hospital Dorothy Parkerwas visited
by her secretaq/,to whom shewished to dictate
some letters. Pressing the button marked
NURSE, Dorothy observed,"That should assure us of at least forty-five minutes of undisturbed privacy."

14 Leavingherplaceat the RoundTableon. ['

d^yrDorothysaid,"Excuseme,I haveto go tol
the bathroom."Shepaused,then went on, "I I
reallyhaveto telephone,but I'm too embar-1
rassedto sayso."
15

Coming to pay her last respectstoJcott

Fitzgeraldashe lay in an undert?W{barlor in

Los Angeles,Dorothy Pa*dised the words
spokenby the anogffius mourner at the fuin Fitzgerald'sThe Great
neral of Jayff$y
Gatsby,flIte poor son-of-a-bitch!"
16 Dorothy Parker once attended a party
with Somerset Maugham where the guests
challenged each other to complete nursery
rhymes. Somerset Maugham presented Mrs.
Parker with the lines: "Higgledy piggledY,mY
white hen/ She lays eggsfor gentlemen."
Dorothy Parker added the following couplet: "You cannot persuade her with gun or
Tariat/ To come acrossfor the proletariat."
17 (Lillian Hellman records an incident that
took place as the body of Alan Campbell waq
being-carried from the house where he had
died.)
"Among the friends who stood with Dottie
on those California steps was Mrs. Jones, a
woman who had liked Alan, pretended to like
Dottie, and who had always loved all forms of
meddling in other people's troubles. Mrs.
'Dottie, tell h, dear,what I can do
Jonessaid,
for you.'

442

P A R K E R ,D O R O T H Y

'Get me new husband.'

"Dottie said,
a
"There was a silence,but before those who
would have laughed could laugh, Mrs. Jones
'I
said, think that is the most callous and disgusting remark I ever heard in my life.'
"Dottie turned to look at her, sighed,and
'So
sorry. Then run down to the
said gently,
corner and get me a ham and cheeseon rye and
tell them to hold the mayo."'

| "ln his old d1e, after he quit the wa{path'

Quannah Parker o . adopted many of the
white man's ways. But in one respecthe clung
to the custom of his fathers.He continued to
be a polygamist.He was a friend and admirer of
Theodore Roosevelt and on one occasion
when Roosevelt was touring Oklahoma he
drove out to Parker's camp to see him. With
pride Parker pointed out that he lived in a
houselike a white man, his children went to a
18 Dorothy Parker once collided with Clare
white man'sschool,and he himselfdressedlike
'Whereupon
Boothe Luce in a narrow doonvay. "Age beRoosevelt was
a white man.
fore beauty," said Mrs. Luce, stepping aside.
moved to preachhim a sermon on the subject
'Seehere,
"Pearls before swine," said Dorothy Parker,
chief, why don't you set
of morality.
gliding through.
your people a better example?A white man has
{This anecdote is probably apocryphal
only one wife - he's allowed only one at a
but memorablenonetheless.)
time. Here you arc living with five squaws.
Why don't you give up four of them and remain
19 A friend was very upserat having ro get rid
faithful to the fifth?' Parker stood still a mo'iHave
of his cat. Dorothy Parker suggested,
ment, consideringthe proposition. Then he anyou tried curiosiry?"
swered, 'You are my great white father, and I
'What
20 There were two playscontaining a charac- 11 will do asyou wish on one condition.'
'You
( ir the condition?' asked Roosevelt.
pick
ter based on Dorothy Parker, one written by
George Oppenheimer and the other by Ruth
,l' out the one I am to live with and then you go
kill the other four,' answeredParker."
Gordon. Dorothy Parker grumbled that she
had wanted to write her autobiographybut was
As' a8
now afraid to do so. "lf I did, George OppenPARR, Samuel (1,747-1825),English author,
heimer and Ruth Gordon would sue me for
schoolmAster,and clergyman. Parr, greAtly odplagiarism."
mired as a stylist,was closelyinuolued, on either
2l Duringher lateryearsDorothyParker
friendly or hostile terms, with many of the literary and political figures of his time.
creasinglyfound refuge in alcohol.

to a sanatorium,she approvefuWroom but

told the doctor sheworlffie ro go our every
hour or so for a dg:ftY.T{e
solemnlywarnedher

thatshe,^lffiH;il;;;i.

wouldbe

dead Svr6in a month. "Promises, promisesr"

id with a sigh.
s
A$, q8

PARKER, Henry Taylor (1867-1934), US

music critic, known from his initials, H. T. P.,
As "Hell to PayJ'
I During a symphony concert Parkerhad the
misfortune to be seatednear some persistent
talkers. At last he rounded on the offenders:
"Those people on the stageare making such a
noise I can't hear a word you're saying."
As, q8
PARKER, Quannah (late 18th-early 19th
centuries),North American ComancheIndian
chief.

I His contemporaries valued highly Parr's

talents as a composer of Latin epitaphs.Once
he said to a friend, "My lord, should you die
first, I mean to write your epitaph." His friend
replied,"lt is a temptation to commit suicide."
2 On EasterTuesdayin 1800 Parrpreacheda
famous sermon before the lord mayor of London. Asked his opinion, his worship replied
that he heard only four things in it that he
disliked- the four quartersof the hour struck
by the church clock.
3 Parr rated highly his own skill at whisr. He
was correspondinglyintolerant of lack of skill
in other players. One evening he was playing
with a partner who committed blunder after
blunder. A lady asked Parr how the game was
going. "Pretty well, madamr" was the reply,
"considering that I have three adversaries."
&r' 48

443

PASCAL

'Samuel
Butler recalledwith delightthe
reaction of the six-year-old daughter of
an acquaintance of his, Edgar Paine,
who, upon learningthat shehad acquired
a little sister, exclaimed in her enthusiasm, "Does Mama know? Let's go and
tell her."

- GeoffreyKeynesand Brian Hill,

eds.,SamuelButler'sNotebooks
- Selections

US illusPARRISH, Maxfield (1870-1'966),

He also
poster
painter,
designer.
and
trator,
ingludiryS
murals,
painted
outstanding
seueral
-one
basedon the themeof Old King Coleat the
St. RegisHotel in New York.
I Parrish specialrzed in painting beautiful
nudes and was thus accustomedto having
lovelyyoungmodelsin his studio.One morning, when a model arrived,Parrishsuggested
that they have a cup of coffee before gettin
down to work -^ habit he had recently acquired to postpone confronting the blank
Canuas.The htd hardly started to drink the
coffee when the studio buzzer rang. Panic
seizedthe artist. "Young ladyr" he cried, "for
God's sake, take your clothes off-my wife's
coming up to check on me."

Ao, 48
PARTRIDGE, John (1644-L7I5), English
cobblerturnedalman1cmaker. His almanacs,
thoughcompoundedof superstition,equiuocation, and charlataflr!, were nonethelessuery
ally.
successful commerci
1 In 1707 Jonathan Swift decided to laugh
the fraudulent Partridge out of business.As
"Isaac Bickerstaff" he published a spoof, Predictions for the Year 1.708."Bickerstaff" pro-fessedhis concern to rescuethe noble art of
astrology fromthe hands of the quacks. In particular he would make precise predictions in
place of the vaguepropheciesput-forth by the
brdinary almanac makers. Thus his very first
prediction: the death of John Partridge"upon
29 March next, about 1'1,at night, of a raging
fever."

On the morningof March 30 the London

did a brisktradein anotherpamphbooksellers
let, hot off the presses,
announcingthat Bickerstaff'sprediction had come true and Partridge had died the previous evening. It gave a
detailed account of his deathbed,followed by
an "El eW on the Death of Mr. Partridge." Partridge hurriedly printed and distributed a denial of his death, but by then no one believed
him. Other writers joined in the fun with
pamphletsurging Partridgeto abandon his perverseinsistencethat he was still alive.The Stationers' Company struck his name off their
records. It was four years before Partridge recovered sufficiently from this onslaught to resume publication of his almanac,and by then
"Isaac Bickerstaff" had become a household
name.
2 One day Partridge,iourneying to a country
town, paused to rest at an inn. As he was remounting his horse to resumehis journey, the
ostler said, "If you take my advice you'll stay
here, becauseif you go on you will certainly be
overtaken by heavy rain."
"Nonsense!" exclaimed Partridge,and away
he rode. After he had ridden a short distance'
he was drenched by a heavy shower. Interested
in the ostler's accuracy of prediction, he returned to the inn, admitted that the man had
beenquite correct, and offered him alargetip if
he would divulge his secret.
Pocketing the tip, the man said, "You see,
we have an almanac in the house called Partridge's almanac, and the fellow is such a no- |
tori6u, fiar thai whenever he promises fine]
weather we can be sure it will rain. Now todayl
'settled weather, fine; no1\
he had put down
rain,'so when I looked that up before I saddl.d'l
yout horse I was able to put you on your L
guard."
{similar stories are told of other weather
prophets and are no doubt equally apoc-

ryphal.)
Ary .$
PASCAL, Blaise(1623-52),Frenchmathema'
ticianandwriter on religion.Fromhis youthon,
Pascaldid importantwork in mathematicsand
physicsand in 1541madethe first calculating
machine.In his early thirties he undenuenta
profound religiousexperienceand becamea
Jansenist.Someof thefruits of his meditations
(L559).
on religionArecontainedin hisPens6es

444

PASCAL

I Pascal'sfather began his son's education

with a course of reading in ancient languages.
\7hen the nin e-year-oldPascalinquired as to
the nature of geometry,he was told that it was
the study of shapesand forms. The boy immediately proceeded to discover for himself the
first thirty-two theorems of Euclid - in the
correct order. The elder Pascalsaw that it was
no use attempting to steer his son away from
mathematicsand allowed him ro pursue his
studiesas he wished.
j i I {This srory comes from Pascal'ssisrer
I l[ ""a borders on the apocryphal.]
As, q8
PATER, Walter (1839-94),British writer and
critic. His aestheticand philosophical theories,
expounded notably in Marius the Epicurean
(1885), were a maior impulse bebind the Aesthetic ("art for art's sake") mouement of the
1890s,for which he also set a standard in his
highly wrought prose style. His Studies in the
History of the Renaissance
(1573)was also influential, as were numerous critical essayson art
and poetry.
I Pater taught at Oxford, where he was also a
university proctor. He once askeda student, a
certain Mr. Sanctu?W,to seehim after the lecture. The young man, wondering what misdemeanor he had committed, approachedpater's
desk with some trepidation. Pater, however,
appearedequally ill at easeand seemednor to
know what to say. "You asked me to stay
behind, sir?" prompted Sanctuary. "Oh, yes,
Mr. Sanctu?Ar" stammered Pater. "l . . . I
wanted to sayto you . . what avery beautiful name you have got."
{It seems likely that this srory was a
h"ppy invention by Oscar lilfilde, who
first put it into circulation.)
2 Pater'slecturesat Oxford were notoriously
inaudible, in fact virtually whispered. Max
Beerbohm once asked \7ilde if he had heard
Pater lecture and got the response:"l overheard him."
4., 48
PATTI, Adelina (1843- 1,919),Italian operatic
soprano. Her coloratura singing in such rolesas
Lucia in Lucia di Lammermoor and Amina in
La Sonnambula was famous all ouer Europe
and tbe United States.

I Patti's successfultour of Europe brought

her great acclaim from all opera-goers,including royalty. "Which crowned head do you like
best?" she was once asked by a critic. Patti
thought for a moment. "The Czar Alexander
givesthe best jewelry," she replied.
A$, a8
PATTON, GeorgeS[mith],Jt. (1885-1945),
US general,nicknamed "Old Blood-and-Guts."
After the Normandy landings, he led tbe Allied
sweep across France and into Germany at the
end of World'War II . His unorthodox methods
causedsome embarrassmentin military circles.
I In August 1943, when Patton was commandingAmerican forcesin ltaly, he vrsrtedthe
hospital at Sant'Agata. tVhile being shown
around by the colonel in charg,he spieda man
who did not seem to be wounded at all. He
snappedat the colonel, "l want you to get that
man out of bed right away.Get him back ro rhe
front. I won't have these men who really are
wounded seethat man babied so." When the
soldier himself did not immediately respond,
Patton struck him. It turned out that he was
seriouslyshell-shocked.When the incident became known three months later, there was an
outcry, and Patton was forced to make a public
apology.
2 On August 26r'1,944,one of Patton'sunits
crossedthe Seineat Melutr, ourflanking Paris.
Patton sent Eisenhower a formal military report of the operation with the posrscript:
"Dear Ike, Today I spat in the Seine."
{A variant of this anecdote substitutes
"pissed" f.or "spat.")
Ar, eB
PAYNE, John Howard (179L-I8SZ),US actor
and playwright. His greatestsuccesswas Brutus
(1919).
1 Driven from the US stag. bI the jealousyo?
other actors, P1fn9 led a wandering exisrence t
in Europe for the latter part of his life. Penniless,without a lodging for the night, he would
hear sung in the streets and played on barrel e
organsa song to which he had written the lyric.
It was "Home, SweetHome."
A$ 48

445

PEMBROKE

ArcPEARY, RobertEdwin(1855-1920),US
tic explorer.After a numberof Arctic expeditions (1885-1905)he finolly becamethe first
man to reachthe North Pole(1909).He wrote
abouthis trauelsin Northward overthe "Great
Ice" (1898)and The North Pole(1.910).

The classicchildren'sbook Make Way

for Ducklingsby Robert McCloskeyhas
a real-lifeanalogue.
One of the eventsin the 1928Olympics was single-scullrowing. Henry
Australia,wasin the
Pearce,representing
lead when a family of duckspassedin
front of him singlefile. Courteouslyhe
pulledin his oars.
Yes,he won.

I A younglady had beenquestioningPeary

for sometime on variousmattersrelatingto his
polar expeditions."But how does anyone
know when he hasreachedthe North Pole?"
sheaskedwith a puzzledfrown. "Nothing eabier," repliedPeary."One stepbeyondthepole,
you see,and the north wind becomesa south

- DavidWallechinsky,
The CompleteBook of the
Olympics

one.tt

PEABODY, Elizabeth(1804-94),US educator. Shewas actiuein the New EnglandTranscendentalistmouement,wrote for The Dial,
and publishedtranslationsby MargaretFuller
and ihreeearlyworksby NathanielHawthorne
(herbrother-inJaw).ShewasthemodelforMiss
Birdseyein HenryJames'sThe Bostonians.
I Crossing Boston Commoo,
bumped into a tree. "I saw itr"
"but I did not realizeit."

6r, ".6
(I9I5PECK, Gregory
), US fil* Actor.He
tougbbut romantic
role
in
of
the
the
specialized
hero.
1 Enteringa crowdedrestaurantwith a companion,GregoryPeckfoundno tableavailable.
t'Tell them who you arer" murmured the
friend."If you haveto tell themwho you are,
you aren'tanybodyr"saidPeck.
Ar, '.t

Missn."o*l
I PEMBROKE, ThomasHerbert,8th Earl of
sheexplain.o,
fi

Ar, 48
PEARD, John Whitehead(1311-80),Britisb
country squire who becamethe follower and
friend of theItalian patriot GiuseppeGaribaldi.
He playeda prominentrolein the banleof Milazzo(1850).
I Dumas filt, also in Garibaldi's entour"Se,
gavea colorful account of Peard'sfirst meeting
with the Italian leader.Peardwas introduced to
Garibaldi on the field of battle, during a lull.
They exchanged brief preliminary greetings.
Then a movement in the Austrian lines attracted Peard'sattention. "Pardon me' there's
a devil of an Austrian over there who's catching
my eye." So saying,he raised his gun and fired.
The group around Garibaldi trained their field
glasseson the obtrusive Austrian, who staggered forward a couple of paces and then
pitched face downward and l"y still. Peard
nodded with satisfaction, and held out his
hand to Garibaldi: "Good d^yrgeneral.I hope I
seeyou well."

(1556-1733),British First Lord of the Admiralty (1690) and lord lieutenant of lreland(1707). His great-uncleWilliam Herbert, 3d
Earl of Pembioke,is belieuedby someto bethe
sonnets.
"W. H." of Shakespeare's
I Strict with his seryants' Lord Pembroke
would dismisson the spot any that were found
drunk. He generally turned a blind eYe,however, to the misdeedsof a trusty old footman
called John. But on one occasion this proved
impossible, for John had appearedin full view
of his master almost too drunk to stand, and
the incident had been witnessed by other
membersof the household.Unperturbed, Lord
Pembroke went straight up to the tottering
footman, felt his pulse, and exclaimed, "God
blessus, he is in a raging fever! Get him to bed
directly and send for the apothe cary." The
apothe cary was ordered to bleed the patient
copiously and give him a strong dose of medicine every twenty-four hours, with the result
that after a few daysJohn staggeredout looking weaker and paler than the most severeillnesscould have left him. "I am truly glad to see

446

PEMBROKE

thee alive," cried the earl, "though you have

had a wonderful escape, and ought to be
thankful. Why, if I had not passedby at that
time and spied the condition you were in, you
would have been dead before rlow. But John,"
he added emphatically, "no more of these
fevers!"

A* '--8
PERELMAN, S[idney]J[oseph](1904-79),
US humorist and screerupriter.
He wrote the
scriptsfor someof theMarx Brothers'films,but
is bestknown for the humorousshort stories
and sketchesthat he contributedto The New
Yorker from the 1930sonward.Many collections of thesepieceshauebeenpublished.
I On a visit to Taipei, Perelman,accosredby
a group of prostitures, had some difficulty in
escapingfrom their importunities. Having at
last shaken them off he headed back ro his
hotel, remarkirg, "A case of the tail dogging
the wag."
{This complex pun has been claimed by
others.)
As' 4t
PERICLES (c. 495-429 BC),Athenian statesman and orntor. As leader of the democratic
paryy, Periclesattained supremacy in Athenian
politics in 443 BC. He consolidated Athens's
pos.ition abroad and beautified the city with
public buildings, including the Parthenon. Despite the machinations of his enemies he wAs
still gulding Athenian policy at the outbreak of
the PeloponnesianWar (43L).
'$far
I During the Peloponnesian
an eclipse
occurredwhen Pericleswas about ro set out to
sa.As the pilot was too terrified to perform his
duties, Periclessrepped forward and covered
the man's head with his cloak. "Does this
frighten you?" he asked."No," said the pilot.
"Then what difference is there between the
two eventsr"inquired Pericles,"except that the
sun is covered by a larger object than my
cloak?"
Ar' 48
PERLMAN, Itzhak (1945- ), Israeli uiolinist. At the ageof thirteen he won a talent competition to appear onUS teleuision.He went on to
study in New York, subsequently touring in
Israel, Europe, and the United States.
1 In 1980 Mike \il7allaceinterviewed the
great violinist on the television program 60

'Wallace
recalledthe namesof masters
Minutes.
of the instrument-Jascha Heifetz, Yehudi
Menuhin, IsaacStern, Perlmanhimself-and
then asked why so many greatviolinists were
Jewish. Holding up his fingers and twiddling
them, Perlman replied: "You see, our fingers
are circumcised, which gives it a very good
dexterity, you know, particularly in the pinky."
6s, q8
PERON, Eva Duarte de (19"1,9-52),
Argentinian actresswho becamethe secondwife of PresidentJuan Peron. Euita, ds she was known, wes
idolized by the poor, whose lot she campaigned
to improue. After her early death from cnncer,
Peron's political strength was undermined.
I.

I Eva rose from the obscurity of a poor t

working-classbackground through a combination of talent, beauty, and unscrupulousness. I
She had a series of increasingly influential $
loverswhom sheusedto further her careerand
then discarded.As rhe wife of PresidenrJuan
Per6n,shewas sent on a tour to win friends for
Argentina among the European powers. Her
reception was somewhat mixed. As she drove
through the streetsof Milan, accompaniedby a
retired admiral, the crowd shouted "\fhore."
Angrily Eva turned to her escort, "They are
calling me a whore!"
"That's all right," said the admiral soothingly. "l haven't been to sea for fifteen years,
yet they still call me admiral."
{Eva'sadmirerscirculated stories,hagiographical in character, of her goodness
and charity; this srory is probably an
equally apocryphal fabrication of the
other side.)
?
I
t

I
I

I
I

Ar' 48
PEROT, H.Ross(1930- ), US computermillionaire and philanthropist.
(David Frost tells this story:)
"Looking around for a suitableway of serving the community, Mr. Perot decided that he
would give a Chrisrmaspresentro everyAmerican prisoner-of-war in Vietnam. Accordingly,
thousands of parcels were wrapped ina
packed, and a fleet of Boeing 707s-waschartered to deliverthem ro Hanoi. Then the messagecamefrom the governmentof Vietnam no suchgesturecould be consideredduring the
courseof the bloody war, which was then it its
height. Perot argued. The Vietnamesereplied
I

447

P E T E RI

that any charity was impossiblewhile American B-52s were devastatingVietnamesevillages.

"'No problem,'Perot replied.He would
hire an expert American constructioncompany in order to rebuild anythingthe Americanshad knockeddown.
"The puzzledVietnamesebecameinscrutable, and declinedto continuethis dialogue.
Christmasdrew closer,the parcelsremained
Finallyin despairPerottook off in
undelivered.
his charteredfleetand flew to Moscow where
oneat atime,at the
hisaidespostedtheparcels,
Moscow Centralpost office.They weredeliveredintact."
6rt ,.8
PERRY, Oliver Hazard (1785-1819)'US
naualcomma.nder.
I During the battle of Lake Erie in 1813'
Perry's flagship, the Lawrence, was so badly
damagedthat he was obliged to abandon it and
row to the Niagara. After finally forcing the
British fleet to surrender, Perry made no reference to the exigenciesof the battle in the dispatch announcing his victory. It read simply,
"'We have met the enemy, and they are ours."
{Perry's words are memorable, but have
become immortal through the parody on
them by Walt Kelly's inimitable cartoon
character, Pogo: "'We have met the
enemy and he is us.")
A.' 48
PERUGINO, Pietro [Pietro di Cristoforo
Vannuccil (1445-1,523),Italian painter, born
near Perugia. He was among the artists employed to paint the frescoes of the Sistine
Chapel. Raphael, one of his pupils, was influenced by his graceful and balanced style.
I Perugino was commissioned to paint frescoes(now lost) in a convent in Florence.The
niggardly prior stood over the artist while he
worked, holding the little b"g that contained
the expensiveultramarine pigment and allowing Perugino only tiny quantities at a time.
Every now and then he would wail, "How
much blue that wall is eating!" Perugino said
nothing, but worked steadily, occasionally
cleaninghis brush in a bowl of water. When he
had completed his day's work, he drained the
bowl and handed it back to the prior with its

sedimentof pure ultramarineat the bottom.

"Here you arerFather.
And pleaselearnto trust
an honestman."
2 On his deathbed,Peruginorefusedto send
for the priest.His lastwords were:"I am curiousto seewhat happensin the next world to
one who diesunshriven."
0r, ..6
PETAIN, [Henri] Philippe (1855-1951),
Frenchgeneraland statesman.The heroof the
Frenchdefenseof Verdun (191,5),he became
primeministerin 1940,iust beforetbedefeatby
Germany.He signeda pactuith Hitler allowing
him to establisha gouernmentat Vichy for unoccupiedFrance.At the end of the war Phtain
wls condemnedto deathas a traitor, but the
wAscommutedto life imprisonment.
sentence
I From Februaryto December1916,one of
the fiercestbattlesof \7orld War I wasfought
at Verdun-sur-Meusein northeast France.
MarshalP6tainwasin commandof the Allied
troops;Crown PrinceFrederickWilliam commandedthe Germans.At the beginningof
the battlea determinedP6tainsaidof thb Germantroops,"They shallnot pass."The resolution was upheld and the Allies ultimately
triumphed,but only afteronemillion liveshad
beenlost.
2 In June1'940Charlesde Gaullereturnedto
Francefrom Englandto bring MarshalPtain
an offer from \Tinston Churchill of "union"
betweenthe two countriesto resistthe German onslaught.P6tain,knowing that France's
capitulationwasonly hours awayandbelieving
thit Englandwas doomed too' reiectedthe
offer, saying, "'What use is fusion with a
corpse?"
4., ..S
PETER I [Peter the GreatJ$672-1725), czar
(1582-1721) and later emperor (1721-25) of
Russia. During the 1590s Peter traueled in Europe and, influenced by the ideas be encountered there, tried to modernize his backward,
feudal state by reforming the gouernment and
affny and encouraging trade and industry. He
also extended Russian territory to the west and
southelst.
I In the Russianarmy there was a secretsociety whose membersgained promotion by their

448

P E T E RI

ability to withstand torture and who practiced

inuring themselvesagainstgreater and greater
degreesof pain. One of these officerswas involved in a plot against Peter, and although
tortured four times refused to confess.Peter,
realizingthat pain would not break him, went
up to him and kissedhim. "l know full vrell that
you were party to the plot againstffi, but you
have been punished enough. Now, confess
freelyto me on account of the love you owe to
your czar) and I swear that I will grant you a
completepardon. Not only that, but as a special sign of my mercy I will make you a colonel." The man was so unnervedby Peter'stactics that he embraced him and made a full
confession.Peter kept his side of the bargain
and made him a colonel.
2 Peter,greatly interestedin medicine, often
assistedsurgeonsand dentists in their operations. One morning one of his valetsappealed
to the czar to help his wife; she was suffering
dreadfully from a toothache, he said, but refused to have the offending tooth pulled and
pretended to be in no pain when approached
by ^ dentist. Peter collected his dental instrumentsand followed the valet to his apartmenrs,
where, ignoring the cries and protesrs of the
struggling woman, h. extracted the tooth.
Some days later the czar discovered that the
poor woman had never had a toothache; the
painful extraction had been her husband'srevengefor a domestic quarrel.
As, qt
PETERBOROUGH, CharlesMordaunt, 3d
EarJ of (1658-r73s), Britisb diplomat, soldier,
and admiral.
I In 1710, when the Duke of Marlborough
was out of favor with the London populace,a
mob attacked Peterboroughin the srreer,mistaking him for the hated and ungenerousduke.
He finally convinced them that he was nor
Marlborough by saying, "In the first place, I
have only five guineasin my pocket; and in the
second,they are very much at your service."
6s' q8
PETRONIUS, Gaius ["Petronius Arbiter"]
(fl. eo 60),Roman writer, a fauorite at tlte court
of Emperor Nero. He is belieued to baue been
the autbor of the Satyricon)A satirical romance.

1 Petronius had received an invitation to a

specialbanquetat Nero's palace.The meal was
to be followed by r "licentious entertainment"
featuring a hundred naked virgins. Petronius
refused the invitation. "Tell the emperor," he
instructed his messengr,"that one hundred
'naked
virgins are not one hundred times as
exciting as one naked virgin."
A.- q8
PHELPS, William Lyon (1855-1943), US
scholar and critic. He taugbt English literature
at Yale for forty-one years,holding a chair from
1901until his retirementin 1.933.
\.
Marking an examination paper written
il
shortly
before Christmas, Phelpscame across
{
il the note: "God only knows the answer to this
I question. Merry Christmas." Phelpsreturned
i the paperwith the annotation:"God gersan A.
get an F. Happy New Year."
\You
A* e8
PHILIP, Prince, Duke of Edinburgh
(1921- ), husband of Queen Elizabeth II of
tbe United Kingdom.
I During a tour of Can ada in the early years
of their marriage,Prince Philip and Princess
Elizabeth had a rather turbulent crossing ro
Vancouver Island on a Canadian destroyer.
Tea was served in the royal suite by r young
petty officer.As he enteredwith a large tray of
cakes,the ship lurched violenrly and the cakes
were thrown to the floor. To the officer's
amazement,Prince Philip immediately wenr
down on his hands and knees and crawled
around the floor, rerrievingabout half of the
cakes.Returning to his seat,he smiled triumphantly at Elizabethand said,"l've gor mine yours are down there."
2 Visiting an Ansrralian university during a
royal tour in 1,954,Prince Philip was introduced to a "Mr. and Dr. Robinson."
"My wife is a doctor of philosophy," explained Mr. Robinson. "She is much more important than I."
"Ah, yes," repliedPrincePhilip sympathetically. "'We havethat trouble in our family, too."
3 Prince Philip was asked by ^ hostile questioner what kind of work he would saythat he
did. "l'm self-employed,"he replied.

449

PHILIP, JOHN

4 An official greetedPrince Philip as he

steppedfrom an aircraftwith the words:"And
how wasyour flight, sir?"
"Have you everflown?"askedthe prince.
"Yes,sir, often."
"'Well,it waslike that."
{Royalty must become very bored with
both air travel and banal conversation,so
it would be pleasant to think that this
exchangeactually happened.)
5 During a royal visit to a small English town,
Prince Philip stopped to talk to two very old
ladies."I'ml tt"nared and fourr" boastedone
of the women, "and my friend here is a
hundred and one."
"I don't believe it," said Philip, his eyes
twinkling. "Ladies always take ten years off
their age."
i
6 Speakingat a meeting of manufacturers of
man-madefibers,Philip questionedhis right to
be there. "I'm not very good at producing
|
man-madefibers myselfr" he confessed,stroking his balding head.

A.' q8
PHILIP II (382-336 BC),king of Macedon
and diplomacy
(359-335 BC).His conquests
raisedMacedonto thestatusof a maiorpower.
After the Banleof Chaeronea(338)the hegemony of Greecepassedto Philip. He wLs assassinatedin a family plot,leauinghis throneto his
son,Alexanderthe Great.
1 Like Alexander the Great, Philip had the
reputation of being a heavy drinker. Once
when drunk he gave an uniust verdict in the
case of a woman who was being tried before
him. "I appeal!" cried the unfortunate litigant.
"To whom?" askedthe monarch,who was also
the highest tribunal in the land. "From Philip
drunk to Philip sober," was the bold reply. The
king, somewhat taken back, gave the casefurther consideration.
2 After Philip had subdued or formed alliances with all the major Greek city-states,
Spartastill remained aloof. Finding that diplomacy had no effect on its stubborn independence,Philip sent a threat: "You are advisedto
submit without further delay,for if I bring my
army into your land, I will destroy your farms,
slay your people, and raze your city." The

replied:"lf ." RecallingSparta's

gloriSpartans
ousmilitarypast,Philipthoughtbetterof it and
left themalone.
3 Philip was alwaysaccompaniedby two menf
whose duty it was to sayto him eachmorning{
"Philip, remember that you are but a man.'f
Each evening they said, "Philip, have you re{
membered that you are but a man?"
I
As, e8
PHILIP III (1578- L62I), king of Spain(159851).
I Politically indecisiveand incompetent,Philip is said to have died of a fevet. This was the
consequenceof overheatinghimself by sitting
too long near a hot brazier. It did not occur to
him to mov e away from the heat. How could
he?The palacefunctionary whose iob it was to
removethe braziercould not be found. Philip's
death was inevitable.
6c, ..8
PHILIP V (1683-1746),king of Spain (170045).The grandson of Louis XIV of France,Philip becameking under the will of Charles ll of
Spain.
I Louis XIV hesitatedfor nearly a week after
receivingnewsof the death of CharlesII and his
bequest to Philip. He wondered whether to
accept the legacy. On November 15, 1700,
he made the formal announcement, after his
Ieuer,to the assembledcourt. "Gentlemenr" he
said,leadingPhilip fonvard, "here is the king of
Spain." He then made a brief but touching
speech,exhorting his grandson to be a good
Spaniardand keep the peacein Europe. Overcome with emotion, the Spanishambassador
fell on his knees before Philip and kissed his
hand and said, "The Pyreneeshave ceasedto
exist."
{Voltaire attributes the famous remark
about the Pyreneesto Louis himself.)

A+ 48
PHILIP, John Woodward (1840-1900), US
naual commander.
1 During the Spanish-American\ilVarof 1898
Captain Philip was in command of the battleship Texls.The entire Spanishfleet,blockaded
by the Americans in the bty of Santiago de

450

P H I L I P ,J O H N

Cuba, was destroyedwhen it emergedon

July 3. As the Texassailedpast the burning
Spanishcruiser V izcayain pursuitof another
Spanish
ship,Philipcheckedthe naturaliubilation of his crewwith the words:"Don't cheer,
boys;the poor devilsaredying."
Ac, q8
f

PHILLIPS, Wendell(1811,-84),
US reformer
and orator.He trainedasa lawyer,but deuoted
much of his life to tbe campaignsfor the abolition of slaur!,women'ssuffrage,and uarious
other reforms.
I In the days before he becamewell known,
Phillips spent a night in a hotel at Charlesron,
South Carolina. His breakfastwas broughr up
by slave,to whom Phillips beganto expound
his"abolitionist ideals. After a rime, realizing
that his discoursewas making little impression,
Phillips gaveup and told him he could go. The
man stood firm. "You must excuse mer" he
said. "I am obliged to stay here, ocauseI'm responsiblefor the silvenvare."
2 While rilTendellPhillips was on a lecture
tour in the northern states,he was accostedby
a minister from Kentucky who aftacked him
for his abolitionist views. "You want to free
the slaves,don't you?" demandedthe minister.
"lndeed I do."
"Then why are you preachingyour doctrines
up here? \7hy don'r you try going ro Ken-

tucky?"
Phillipsretorted,"You're a minister,aren't
you?"
ttYes,

I am.tt

"And you try to savesoulsfrom hell?"

"Yes,I do."
"'Well,why don't you go therethen?"said
Phillips.
6r, ".6
PIATIGORSKY, Gregor(1903-76), Russian
cellist.Appointedprincipalcellistof theBolshoi
TheatreOrchestrain 1919,he emigratedto the
UnitedStatesin 1921,wherehe wasacclaimed
the leadingcellistof his generation.
I Piatigorskywas having problems with one
of his pupils. No matter how many times the
master played a piece to show how it should
sound, his student failed to make any significant progress; in fact, his playing seemed ro

deteriorate. It occurred to Piatigorsky that he

was perhaps discouragingthe young man by
performing the pieces too well himself. He
therefore began to introduce a few deliberate
mistakes; miraculously, the pupil showed
marked signsof improvement.Thi; method of
teachingcontinued for someweeks,with Piatigorsky taking a perversepleasurein being free
to play as badly as he pleased.
The young man went on to perform with
brilliant successat his graduation. Fighting
through the crowd of well-wishersto congrarulate his pupil, Piatigorskyheard someoneask
the new graduatewhat he thought of the grear
cellist. "As a teachetr" replied the young man,
'excellent.
But as a cellist,lousy."

Ar, e8
PICABIA, Francis (L879-L953), French
painterof Spanishdescent,
oneof thefirst exponentsof Dadaism.Picabiawas also a writer,
muchof his work appearingin his own iournal
-24).
3e1(1e17
I In Picabia'schdteau the rooms were designed with different themes; the children's
room was furnished with grotesquemasks,instruments of torture, witch craft trappings,and
a mechanicalghost that could be animated at
night to rattle chains. The painter chose this
theme for the children'sroom becausehe believed in training them in fearlessness
from an
early age. "'When they get a bit older, I shall
replace the ghost with a creditor waving an
unpaid bill," he said.

As, 4
PICASSO,Pablo(1881-1973),
Spanishartist,
sculptor,andceramist.After 1900heworkedin
Paris,achieuingsuccesswith picturesof stage
and streetlife in blue(theso-calledBluePeriid;
1901-04)and rose(1905-08).In collaboration
witb GeorgesBraque,he deuelopedCubism,
one_
of the most influentialof modernpainting
styles,and later turned to surrealisticfiSrrit
studies.Guernica(1937),his hugeand coitrouersialmasterpiece,
showsthedestractionof the
Basquecapital by Germanplanesduring the
SpanishCiuil War. Picassoalsopaintedsome
striking portraits in uariousstyles.
recallshis mother's ambitions for
ft (Picasso
Ihim.)

I "when I was a child, ffiy mother said to me,

45L
'lf you becomea soldier,you'll
bea general.If \
you becomea monk, you'll end up as Pope.'I
InsteadI becamea painterand wound up as
I
Picasso."
2 In 1906 Gertrude Stein sat to Picassofor
her portrait. At the end of many sittings he
simply obliterated the picture, sayinghe could
no longer "see" her. Later he completed the
picture, in the absenceof a sitter, and gavethe
portrait to Miss Stein.Shecomplainedthat she
did not look like that. Picassosaid, "But you
will," and this prediction was borne out as
Miss Stein aged.
3 When Picassopainted his famous portrait
of Gertrude Stein, he was virtually unknown.
Some years later the millionaire art collector
Dr. Albert Barnes, interested in the picture,
asked Miss Stein straight out how much she
had paid for it. "Nothing," Miss Stein replied.
"Naturally, he gave it to me." Dr. Barneswas
incredulous. She subsequentlyrecounted the
incident to Picasso,who smiled and said, "He
doesn't understand that at that time the difference between a saleand a glft was negligible."
4 Not long after the outbreak of \7orld
\Var I Gertrude Steinand Picassowere standing
on a street corner in Paris,watching a procession of camouflagedtrucks passing,the sidesof
the vans disguised by blotches of gray and
greenpaint. Picasso,in his amazement,blurted
out, "C'est nous qui at)onsfait ca" (It is we who
have created that).
'War
II Picasso suffered
5 During rilTorld
some harassment from the Gestapo in Nazioccupied Paris. An inquisitive German officer,
coming into his apartment, noticed a photograph of Guernicalying on a table. "Did you do
that?" he asked Picasso."No, you didr" said
Picasso.
6 Picasso fell into conversation with an
American GI in Paris,who told him that he did
not like modern paintings becausethey were
not realistic. Picassodid not immediately respond, but when the soldiera few minutes later
showed him a snapshot of his girlfriend, he
exclaimed, "My, is she really as small as that?"

pictureswere
7 After World War II Picasso's
changinghandsfor fabuloussums.An Amerivisitedthe artist'sstudio.She
canmillionairess

PICASSO

pausedin front of a strikingexampleof his late

style."'Whatdoesthis picturerepresent?"
she
asked."Two hundredthousanddollarsr"answeredPicasso.
8 As the market value of Picasso'sworks
grew, so too did the cottage industry of faking
his paintings. A poor artist who owned a supposed Picassosent it via a friend for the master
to authenticateso that he could sell it. Picasso
said, "It's false." From a different source the
friend brought another Picasso and then a
third. On each occasion Picasso disowned
them. Apropos the third painting the man protested, "But I saw you paint this one with my
own eyes.tt
"l can paint falsePicassosaswell asanyoor"
retorted Picasso. Then he bought the first
painting from the impoverishedaftist for a sum
iout times as high aJ the owner had originally
hoped it would fetch.
9 Friends lunching at Picasso'shome in the
south of France commented on the fact that
their host had none of his own pictures on the
walls. "Why is that, Pablo?"one of them asked.
"Don't you like them?"
"On the contratyr" replied the painter, "I
like them very much. It's iust that I can't afford
them."

to
10 Picassovisitedhis local cabinetmaker
commissiona mahoganywardrobefor his chihe
teau.To illustratethe shapeanddimensions
required,he drew a hastysketchon a sheetof
paperand handedit to the craftsman."How
muchwill it cost?"he asked."Nothing at all,"
replied the cabinetmaker.'Just sign the
sketch."
11 Picasso was relaxing on a beach in the
south of France when he was accosted by
small boy clutching a blank sheetof paper. The"
child had evidently been dispatched by his parents to solicit an autographed drawing. After a
moment's hesitation, Picassotore up the paper
and drew a few designson the boy's back instead. He signed his name with a flourish and
sent the child back to his parents. Relating the
incident at a later date, Picasso remarked
thoughtfully, "I wonder if they'll ever wash
him again?"
12 Picassowas asked whether it didn't tire
him to stand in front of a canvasfor three or

452

PI C A S S O

four hours while he was painting. "No," he

replied. "That is why painters live so long.
\7hile I work, I leave my body outside the
door, the way Muslims take off their shoes
before entering the mosque."
13 A visitor to Picasso'sstudio found the afiist gazing disconsolatelyat a painting on the
easel. "lt's a masterpiecer" said the visitor,
hoping to cheer Picassoup.
"No, the noseis all wroogr" Picassosaid."It
throws the whole picture out of perspective."
"Then why not alter the nose?"
"Impossibler" replied Picasso."l can't find
it."
{Probably an apocryphal story.}
14 A rich Dutch grocer who prided himself
on his art collection managedto obtain an introduction to Picasso.He examinedthe works
in the studio and then said, "Master, I understand every one of your productions except
one.tt

"And that is?"

"Your dove. It seemsto me so simple, so
primitive that I cannot understandit."
"Sir," Picassoasked, "do you understand
Chinese?"

'i

handle-barand the seatof a bicycle,lying in

i suchawayasto look likea bull'shead.I picked
ithemup andput themtogethersothatnobody
j could possiblyfail to realrzethat this seatand
I this handle-barfrom a bikewerereallya bull's
head. My metamorphosiswas successful,and
now I wish there could be another one, this
time in reverse.Supposethat one daymy head
of a bull were to be thrown on a junk heap.
Maybe a little boy would come along and no'Now
there's sometice it and say to himself,
thing I could useasa handle-barfor my bike.' If
that ever happens,we will have brought off a
double metamorphosis."
17 (David Douglas Duncan describesa conversation during a meal at Picasso'shouse.)
o'During
the meal I mentioned that it seemed
really eerie to me to watch his gazeleap from
article to article on the table and around the
room, knowing perfectlywell he was not seeing
anythingasI saw it, and neverhad. I added that
it seemed incredible that one person ever
dreamed of such varied imagesthroughout a
lifetime and could still be doing it today without apparently even trying. Picassoanswered
very simply,'If I tried, they would all look the
same.t

t'

ttNo.tt

"Six hundredmillion peopledo." And Picassopolitelyshowedhim out.

i
/

15 (The one-time surrealist Robert Desnos

recounts a story that Picassotold him.)
"l had lunched at the Catalan for months,"
Picassosaid, "and for months I looked at the
sideboard without thinking more than 'ir's a
sideboard.'One d^y I decideto make a picture
of it. I do so. The next d^yrwhen I arrived, the
sideboardhad gone,its placewas empty. . . I
must have taken it away without noricing by
painting it."
(Desnos comments on this anecdote,
saying that it is like a fable illustrating
Picasso'srelationshipto his subjects,that
what he paints he takespossessionof "as
himself the creator of the object or of the
being.")
16 (Picassotold the following story to Andre
\il7arnod.)
"Do you rememberthat head of a bull I had
in my last show? I'll tell you how it was conceived. One d^y I noticed in a corner the

18 (Ronald Penrose, Picasso's biographer,

recalls a visit to the artist in his Paris
apartment.)
o'l happened
to notice that a large Renoir
hanging over the fireplace was crooked. 'lt's
better like that,' [Picasso]said, 'if you wanr ro
kill a picture all you have to do is to hang it
beautifully on a nail and soon you will see
nothing of it but the frame. \fhen it's out of
place you seeit better."'

19 In laterlife Picasso
visitedanexhibitionof
children'sdrawings.He obseroed,"When I
wastheir age,lcoulddrawlike Raphael,but it
took mea lifetimeto learnto drawlike them."
Ao, ..6
PICCARD, Auguste (1884-1952),Swiss
physicist.In 1931and 1932he madeballoon
ascentsinto thestratosphere
in orderto inuestigatecosmicraysand otherphenomena.
Auguste and his twin brother, Jean Felix,
It
/ had spent the night in a strangetown and were
I both in need of a shave. Entering the local

4s 3

PITT

barber'sshopalone,Augustesettleddown in
the chair and said,"Make sureyou giveme a
closeshave.My beardgrows so rapidly that
two hours after I've had a shave,I need another." The barberlookedat him in disbelief.
"If your beardgrows in two hoursr" he said
skeptically,"I'll giveyou anothershavefree."
Augusteleft the shop in due course,cleanshavenand apparentlysatisfied.Two hours
later, the barberwas horrifiedto seehis customerreturnwith a dark growth of stubbleon
hischin."Now do you believeme?"askedJean
Felix ashe sat down for his free shave.

4., ..6
PICON, Molly (1898- ),Yiddish-American
actress.
1 On tour with a theater company, Miss
Picon overheardsomeof her fellow performers
discussingtheir rather inadequate accommodations. "I never complain about such things
- my grandmother brought up elevenchildren
in four roomsr" she remarked, breaking into
the conversation. "How did she manage?"
asked one of the other actresses."Easyr" re-

plied Molly. "Shetook in boarders."

4., ..6
US operasinger,
PINZA, Ezio (1,892-1957),
born in ltaly. A uersatileperformer,he alsoappearedin musicalcomediesand A numberof
films.
1 Soon after opening in the Broadway production of South Pacific, Pinza called at his
favorite restaurant for his customary twelvecourse dinner. Noticing the look of astonishment on the waiter's face as he took the order,
Pinza snapped,"'$7hat's the matter with you? I
may be singing musical comedy these daysbut I still eat grand ope ra!"

Ar, '.8
PITT, William (1759-1805),British statesman; prime minister(1783-1801,1,804-05),
known as Villiam Pin tbe Youngerto distinguisbbim from his father,theEarl of Chatham.
Pitt wls the youngestBritish prime ministerin
history.At homehewaschieflyconcerrred
with
reorganizingthe economy,but he also faced
crisesouertheadministrationof India and lreland. He spearheaded
the diplomaticoffensiue

againstreuolutionaryFrance,and from 1793,

againstNapoleon.
I A numberof volunteersin London offered
Pitt theirservices
asmilitia.Althoughtheywere
preparedto organize andequipthemselves,
the
offerwashedgedaboutwith a numberof provisosthat substantially
reducedits usefulness.
Pitt read through their proposal until he
reacheda clausestatingthat theyshouldnever
berequiredto leavethe kingdom.At this point
he pickedup a pen and addedin the margin,
"exceptin the caseof actualinvasion."
2 Pitt had been urging Parliament to approve
the immediate dispatch of the British fleet
againstthe French. In order to securethe necessaryappropriation, he had to persuadeLord
Newcastle, the chancellor of the exchequer,
who opposed his policy. Pitt called on the
chancellor to pursue the question and found
him in bed, sufferingfrom gout. It was autumn,
the room was unheated, and Pitt remarked
how cold it was. Newcastle ironically replied
that the weather would hinder any fleet movements and indeed hinder any comfortable discussionof the point at issue.Pitt answeredthat
he did not so lightly relinquishhis plans.Then,
askingpardon, h. removed his boots, climbed
into the room's other bed, drew up the cover,
and began a unique conference. He won his
point.
3 Napoleon's victory at Austerlitz in December 1805 left him master of Europe and
spelled the end of Pitt's alliance against him
'S7hen
with Sweden, Austria, and Russia.
the
news of the battle was brought to Pitt, he
pointed to a large map of Europe on the wall
and said, "Roll up that map; it will not be
wanted these ten years."
4 Pitt died in office, worn out by overwork
and crushed by the overthrow of his coalition
against Napoleon. Desperately aware of the
dangerousebb of England's fortunes, he murmured ashe died, "My country, oh, how I leave
my country!"
{Another version is: "My country, oh,
how I love my country!" Alternative last
words attributed to Pitt are the far more
touching "I think I could eat one of Bellamy's-vealpies.")
Aro ..6

454

PLATO

"Alferd Packer ate five prospectors

whom he was guiding over a high Colorado plateauin 1874.
"The judge who sentencedPacker to
'There
hang indignantly pointed out that
was only six Democratsin all of Hinsdale
County and you ate five of them."'
-John Train,
T rue Remarkable Occurrences
(Train notes: "The Department of
Agriculture startled the official community by dedicating the cafeteria in its
Washington building to Alferd Packer
'1.977.
in
The General ServicesAdministration then removed the dedicatory
plaque, accusing the Department of
Agriculture of 'bad taste."')

PLATO (c. 428-c.348 BC),Greekphilosopher,

who founded the Academy at Athens. His writings include The Apology, Phaedo, and The
Republic. Tbe great British thinker A. N.
Whitehead once commented that all Western
philosophy consistsof footnotes to Plato.
I A student, strugglingwith the abstractconcepts of Platonic mathematics, asked Plato,
"What practical end do thesetheorems senre?
What is to be gainedfrom them?" Plato turned
to his attendant slave and said, "Give this
young man an obol [a small coin] that he may
feel that he has gained something from my
teachings,and then expel him."
2 Plato consideredthe abstractspeculations
of pure mathematicsto be the highestform of
thought of which the human mind was capable.
He therefore had written over the entranceto
the Academy "Let no one ignorant of mathematics enter here."

I
I

3 Diogenescame to Plato's house one d^y

and was disgusted to find rich and exquisite
carpetson the floor. To show his contempt he
stampedand wiped his feet upon them, saying,
"Thus do I trample upon the pride of Plato."
"With greaterpride," observedPlato mildly.
As, qE

PLINY [Pliny the Younger] (c. 6t-c. 133),

Roman orator, statesmnn,and lawyer. His letters couer a wide rangeof subiects,from offi.cial
correspondencewhen he was a prouincial gouernor to ghost stories and descriptions of boar
hunts.
I At dinner Pliny noticed that his host distributed the food and wine according to the
social standing of the diners.Rich and elegant
dishesand the bestwine were senredto himself
and his most honored guests,while cheapand
paltry food and drink were set before the rest.
Another guest, sensingPliny's disapproval of
theseparsimoniousmeasures,inquired how he
managedin his own home. Pliny answered,"l
provide eachguestwith the same farerfor when
I invite a man to my table I haveplacedhim on a
footing of equalitywith me and I will therefore
treat him as an equal." The other man was
surprised."Even freedmen?"he asked."Even
freedmD," replied Pliny, "because on these
occasionsI regardthem as companions,not as
freedmen."The other remarkedthat this must
run Pliny into a greatdeal of expense."Not at
all," said Pliny, "for my freedmendon't drink
the same wine as I do, but / drink what they
do.tt

As' 48
PLOMER, William (1903-73),SouthAfrican
poet and nouelist. He published Collected
Poems in 1960, wrote libretti fo, Beniamin
Britten's operas,and produced some memortble sbort stories.
I In Birmingham for the first time William
Plomer was enthralledby the namesof destinations written on the front of buses.As he and
Walter Allen waited at a bus stop, he recited
the namesaloud. Eventuallya number 12A appeared, with the legend: "'\il7ORLD'S END
VIA LAKEY LANE," "Pure Auden," said
Plomer.
As, q8
PLOTINUS (205-270), Greek philosopher.
He settled and taught in Rome, wbere he
founded the Neoplatonic school of philosophy.
His teaching emphasizedtlte reality of a transcendent"One" And the unreality of the material world.
I A friend urged Plotinus to havehis portrait
painted. The philosopher refused: "It is bad

455

P O P E ,A L E X A N D E R

enoughto be condemnedto dragaroundthis

imagein whichnaturehasimprisonedme.\U7hy
should I consentto the perperuationof the
imageof this image?"
6e, 48
POE, EdgarAllan (1809-49),USpoet,shortstory writer, and literary critic. He is best
rememberedfo, his masterly horror stories,
containedin Talesof the Grotesqueand Arapoems,suchas
besque(1840),and melancholy
The Raven(1845).
I An old literaryand militarytradition hasit
that Poewasexpelledfrom WestPointin L831
for "gross neglectof duty" becausehe appearednakedat a publicparade.Paradedress
instructionscalledfor "white beltsandgloves,
under arms." Poe took this literallyand appearedwith rifle overhis bareshoulder,wearing belt and gloves- and nothingelse.
A'' ''8
POGGIO BRACCIOLINI, Gian Francesco
(1380-1459),ltalian bumanist scholar and
writer. He distinguishedhimselfin all fieldsof
today for
literature,but is chieflyremembered
his rediscoueryof manuscriptsof classicalautbors belieuedlost.
post in the papal
I As holderof a secretarial
Curia, Poggio wore ecclesiasticaldress althoughhewasneverformallyordaineda priest.
A cardinalreprimandedhim for havingchildren, which did not becomea man wearing
garb,and for havinga mistress,
ecclesiastical
evento a layman.Pogwhichwasunbecoming
gio retorted,"l havechildren,whichis suitable
for a layman,and I havea mistress,which is a
time-honoredcustomof the clergy."
Ary '.8
Poisson,
POMPA DOUR, Jeanne-Antoinette
Marquised'Etoiles(1721-64),Frenchlady of
the court;mistressof Louis XV. Mme de Pompadourplayedan importantpart in determining
tlte courseof Frenchpolitics in the 1750sand
earlyL750s.
1 (Mme de Pompadour enjoyed surrounding \
herself with intellectuals and supported the 1
againstthe church. Despite her I
Encyclopddiste.s
efforts, dt one time the religious and antira- I
tionalist factions in the court persuadedLouis I
to ban the Encyclop1die.Soon after this a duke I

wonderedaloud at a royal supperparrywhat

gunpowderwasmadeof.)
"'lt seemsso funny that we spendour time
killing partridgs,and being killed ourselveson
the frontier, and really we have no idea how it
happens.'Madame de Pompadour, seeingher
opportunity, quickly went on: 'Yes, and face
powder? What is that made of ? Now, if you
had not confiscated the Encyclop1die,Sire, we
could have found out in a moment.' The King
sent to his library f or a copy, and presently a
footman staggeredin under the heavyvolumesl
the party was kept amused for the rest of the
eveninglooking up gunpowder, rouge, and so
on. After this subscriberswere allowed to have
their copies, though it was still not on sale in
the bookshops."

2 As shelay dying,Madamede Pompadour

summonedherlaststrengthandcalledto God,
"'Wait a second,"as she dabbedher cheeks
with rouge.
Al, ..6
lst Baron
POOLE, Oliver Brian Sanderson,
Pooleof Aldg te, (1,911- ), Britishbusinessman. An actiue memberof the Conseruatiue
party, he euentuallybecamechairman(195557),andhasbeena gouernorof theOldVic and
a trusteeof the National Gallery.
I Duringthe I970sa greatmanyof the flashwent under. Their
ier British entrepreneurs
had beenin part ascribable
temporarysuccess
to the extensiveloans freely made to them,
often by quite conseffativebanks.The mer6cCo.,however,had
chantbankLazardFrdres
not committedthis error.Lord Cowdray,then
chairmanof the family businessthat owned
LazardFrBres,once askedLord Poole,then
to
chairmanof the firm, how he had managed
avoidmakingsuchloans.Poolereplied:"Quite
simple:I only lent moneyto peoplewho had
beento Eton."
A'' 48
POPE, Alexander(1588-1,744),
Englisbpoet,
satirist,and translator.Crippledby illnessat the
ageof twelue,hesoongaueproof of his extraordinary talentsin his Pastorals(1709),written
whenhe was only sixteen.His Essayon Criticism (1711)ensuredhis entr1eto tlte London
literary world, whicb he dominatedfor nearly
thirty yenrs. He perfectedthe English heroic

456

P O P E ,A L E X A N D E R

coupletas a satiricalmedium in The Rapeof

uersion1714)andthe
the Lock (1712;enlarged
"Epistleto Dr. Arbuthnot" (1735).The Dunciad,his satireon contemporarywriters,came
out in threeuersions(1728,1.729,1743).Pope
alsotranslatedHomer'sIliad (1720)and Odyssey(1725-25),and publishedthephilosophical
poemsAn Essayon Man (1733-34)andMoral
(1731.-35).
Essays
I Statesmanand financier CharlesMontagu,
first Earl of Halifax, prided himself upon his
literary acumen. When Pope had completed
the first few books of his translation of the
Iliad, Montagu invited him to give a reading at
his house. Other eminent literary figuresalso
attended.Popeconsideredthat the readinghad
gone off very well, even though Lord Halifax
had interrupted, most politely, four or five
times to say that there was something about
that particular passagehe did not think quite
righr and that Pope could improve it with some
more thought. On the way home with physician and poet Samuel Garth, Pope confessed
that he was much perplexed by Lord Halifax's
rather vagueobjections.He went on to saythat
although he had been thinking about the offending passagesever since, he could not for
the life of him seewhat should be done to make
them more acceptable to his lordship. Dr.
Garth reassured him; he knew Lord Halifax
very well, he said, and all Pope needed to do
was to leave the passagesas they were, wait a
couple of months, and then go back to Lord
Halifax, thank him for his kind criticisffis, and
read him the "corrected" passages.In due
course Pope had another sessionwith Lord
Halifax, reading him the passagesexactly as
they had been.His lordship was delighted,and
congratulated Pope on getting them absolutely
right.

2 Pope'stranslationsof Homer's lliad and

Odysseyoffendedthe classical
scholarRichard
Bentley.Of Pope'slliad he said,"lt is a pretty
poem, Mr. Pope, but you must not call it
Homer.tt
{Modern critics tend to agree with
Bentley.)
3 Pope's father was a linen-draper, and, although his family was respectable,it was by no
means aristocratic. George II, alert to social
distinctions,advisedLord Hewey, "You ought

'tis
not to write verses, beneathyour rank; leave
such work to little Mr. Pope; it is his trade."
4 \fhen Pope was lying on his deathbed,the
doctor assuredhim that his breathingwas easier, his pulse steadier, and various other encouraging things. "Here am Ir" commented
Pope to a friend, "dying of a hundred good
symptoms."
Ar, '.8
POPE, Arthur Upham (1881,-L969),US eccentric millionaire and authority on the art and
archaeology of Iran (in his doy Persia) and
neighboring Arab cultures.
I Pope was single-mindedin his intellectual
interests.In 1943 he agreedto deliver the annual Lincoln's Day addressat Cooper Union,
New York, where Lincoln had once made an
epochal speech.According to a New Yorker
magazineaccount he spoke for about an hour
and a half on his favorite topic, Middle Eastern
cultures.At the very end, recallinghis assigned
subject,he dischargedhis obligation by stating:
"Lincoln knew no Arabs, but he would have
enjoyed meeting them, and they would have
recognrzedhim as a great sheik."
Ar, q8
PORSON, Richard (1759-1,808),
British classical scholar renowned for his knowledgeof ancient Greek and his editions of the plays of Euripides. Many stories are told of his drinking
bouts.
I Porson had an outstanding memory, first
revealedduring his schooldaysat Eton. A classmate, as a practical joke, had borrowed his
copy of Horace's Odes, artfully replacing it
with a different text. As the Latin lessonbegan,
Porson was asked to read and translate one of
the odes.This he did without faltering, but the
master, noticing that the boy appearedto be
readingfrom the wrong side of the page,asked
which edition he was using. Porson sheepishly
handed the book to his master, who was
amazed to find that he had just recited the
Latin ode from memory while looking at an
English version of Ovid.
I Z Porson was once traveling in a stagecoach
I with a young Oxford srudent who, in an atI tempt to impress the ladies present, let slip a

457
Greek quotation which he said was from Sophocles. The professor was not taken in by the
young man's bluff and, pulling a pocket edition
of Sophoclesfrom the folds of his coar, challengedhim to find the passagein quesrion.Undeterred, the student said that he had made a
mistake and that the quotation was in fact from
Euripides. To the great amusement of the
young ladies,Porson immediately produced a
copy of Euripides from his pocket and issued
the samechallenge.In a last desperateattempt
to savef.ace,the young man announced with
conviction that the passagewas, of course,
from Aeschylus.However, on seeingthe inevitable copy of Aeschylusemergefrom Porson's
pocket, he finally admitted defeat. "Coachman!" he cried. "Let me out! There's a fellow
here has the whole Bodleian Library in his
pocket."
3 Porson arrived unexpectedly to stay with
the portrait-painter John Hoppner. Hoppner
told him he could not offer much in the way of
hospitality as Mrs. Hoppner was away and had
taken with her the kry to the wine closet.In the
course of the eveningPorson becameincreasingly restless,declared that he was sure Mrs.
Hoppner would keep some wine for her own
private enjoyment hidden somewhere in her
that he might be allowed
bedroom, and asked
'Sfith
some irritation Hoppner
to searchfor it.
agreed,and was greatly chagrinedwhen Porson
returned from his searchclutching a bottle and
pronouncing it to be the bestgin he had tasted
for a long time.
rUfhenMrs. Hoppner returned, her husband
iather angrily told her that Porson had found
and consumed her hidden drink. "Good
heavens,"shecried, "that was spirit of wine for
the lamp!"
(This is just one of a number of stories
that confirm the observation that Porson
would "drink ink rather than not drink at
all.")
4 Porson was once asked for his opinion of I
the poetical works of his younger contempo- [
rary Robert Southey. "Your works will be I
read," he told him, "after Shakespeareand I
-l
Milton are forgotten - and not till then."
5 A junior scholar once rashly suggestedto
Porson that they could collaborate. Porson applauded the notion: "Put in all I know and all

PREVIN

you don't know, and it will make a grear

work.tt
6 SamuelRogers,the poet and man of letters,
invited Porson to dinner. "Thank you, ro,"
was the reply, "I dined yesterday."
7 On a walk together, Porson and a Trinitarian friend were discussing the nature of the
Trinity. A buggypassedthem with three men in
it. "Therer" said the friend, "that's an illus tration of the Trinity."
"Nor" said Porson, "you must show me one
man in three buggies- if you can."
6''

48

POUSSIN, Nicolas (1594-L665), French classical painter who lpent most of his working life
in Rome. His mature works deal mainly with
figures from the OId Testament or classicalmythology.
I Exasperatedby his failure to produce a satisfactory depiction of the foam around the
mouth of a spirited horse, Poussindashedhis
spongeagainstthe canvas.The effect thus created was exactly what he had been striving for i
so laboriously.
!

SeealsoFneNz JosnrH HevnN-I.

Ar, 4E
PREVIN, Andrd (1929- ), German-born
conductor,pianist,and composer,knownespecially fo, his teleuisedconcert performAnces,
which hauedone much to widen the audience
for classicalmusic. He utas conductor of the
LondonSymphonyOrchestra(1.969-79)
andin
1,977becamemusic director of the Pinsburgh
Symphony;hebasalsomademanyappearances
asguestconductorwith othermaiororchestras.
| (Asa teenagerPrevinusedto playthe piano
at a cinemathat specialized
in showingold silent movies.As he remembers,this job was
short-lived.)
"One afternoon I was poundingaway the
appropriatemusicfor a '20s 'FlamingYouth'
movie, did not watch the screen,and was
blithely unawarethat the main arrraction,a
revivalof D. W. Griffith'sbiblicalmasterpiece
Intolerance,had begun.I was enthusiastically
playinga Charlestonduringthe scenedepicting
the LastSupperwhen the managerof the theatercamestormingdown the aisle,and I was
unemployedtwo minuteslater."

458

PREVIN

2 After a rehearsal with the London Sy-phony Orchestra, Previn was sitting in the bar
of the Westbury Hotel, havinga drink with the
soloist. He saw a young American composer
whose work he had admired come into the
room, and Previn beckoned him over and ordered him a drink. "f heard your orchestra a
few nights agor" the composer said. "It
soundedabsolutelymarvelous.It was the night
the Beethoven Sixth was played in the first
half."
"Oh, Godr" Previn replied, "that was the
night Pollini was supposedto play the Fourth
Piano Concerto in the secondhalf, and he canceled, and we were stuck with one of those
last-minute substitutions, that really appalling
third-rate lady pianist. I'm really sorry you had
to suffer through that." The young composer
gavePrevin a long and thoughtful look. "That's
all right," he said coolly, "I didn't mind. The
pianist is my wife."
3 To assesstheir suitability for adopting a
Vietnamese orphan, a Miss Taylor, who had
run a Saigonorph anage,stayed with the Previn
family for a weekend. At breakfast on the first
morning, sheaskedif shemight havea bowl of
cereal.Eagerto please,Previn reachedfor the
health-food cerealthat his two small sonsconsumed with delight every morning and poured
Miss Taylor a generousbowlful. \Ufhilesheate,
he held forth on the nutritional value of the
cereal. Miss Taylor made no reply, however,
undl her bowl was empty. "To be quite honestr" she admitted, "l'm not crazyabout it."
Previn'sglancehappenedto fall on rhe jar from
which he had served Miss Taylor. "l'm not
surprisd," he said slowly, "I've just made you
eat a large dish of hamster food."

PRINGLE, Sir John (1707-82),Scottishphysicianbestremembered

for his work to improue
thefacilitiesof military hospiuls.He wls presidentof the RoyalSocietyfrom 1772 to 1778.
| ill health is the causegenerallygiven for
Pringle'sresignationof the presidencyof the
RoyalSociety,but thereis alsoanotherexplanation. BenjaminFranklin'sinventionof the
lightningrod had givenhim uniquesratusasa
scientistall overtheWesternworld. GeorgeIII,
however,who found Franklin'srevolutionary
sentiments
uncongenial,
waseagerto discredit
his scientificachievements.
He thereforeor-

deredthat blunt endsshould be substitutedfor

the pointed ends on the lightning rods used on
Kew Palace.Sir John Pringleis reputed to have
remonstrated with the king, saying,"The laws
of nature are not changeableat royal pleasur,"
For this undiplomatic remark he was compelled to forfeit his position in the Royal Society.
A$ eE
PROKOFIEV, Sergei(1891-1953)
, Russian
composer. His many works include the Classical Symphony (1915-17), Peter and the Wolf
(1935),and the opera The Love for Three Oranges(1,919).
I One regular concert-goer at the Brussels
Philharmonic alwaysarrived at the concert hall
armed with sketchbook and pencil. Shewould
sketch the guest artist during the performance
and have the portrait autographed afterward.
\7hen Prokofiev's turn came, however, he refused to sign the picture, consideringit a poor
likeness."lt looks more like Furtwangler," he
said. The usher who was acting asintermediary
for the lady pleaded with the composer:
"Please,Mr. Prokofiev.Sheis sucha good subscriber. Pleasedo this little thing for the Brussels Philharmonic!" Prokofiev looked at the
picture again."All right," he sighed,picking up
his pen and writing with a flourish. The usher
examined the "autograph" more closely. Prokofiev had signedthe picture: "Furtwingler."
Ary ..9
PULITZER, Joseph (1847-191,1),US newspaper baron, born in Hungary. He bought the
New York tilTorld in 1883 and founded the
New York Evening \7orld in L887. He also
established tbe Pulitzer prizes, to be awarded
"fo, the encouragementof public seruice,public
morals, AmericAn literature, and the aduancement of education."
I Like most great newspaperand magazine
owners, Pulitzer was mildly megalomaniacal.
He felt the World "should be more powerful
than the president." He even thought it might
t influence the inhabitants of other planets. He
i once considerederectingan advertisingsign in
New Jerseythat would be visible on Mars, and
was
dissuadedonly when one of his assistants
I
\ asked, "'What languageshall we print it in?"
Ar, "e5

459
PUSHKIN, Alexander(1799-1837),Russian
poet, nouelist, and playwright. His notable
works include EugeneOnegin (1833), Boris
Godunov (1831),and the epic The Bronze
Horseman(1837).
I Pushkinonce listenedto Gogol reading
Dead Souls.He laughedheartily.Then suddenly his facegrew graveand he exclaimed,
"Oh God, how sadour Russiais!"
Ar, q8
US ReuolutionPUTNAM, Israel(1,718-90),
ary commander.Hauing sentedin the French
and Indian'War,he was appointedmaiorgen- .?
tlreReuolutionand comeralat thebeginniryg.of
\
mandedat seueralbattles.
I During the French and Indian War Putnam
was challenged to a duel by a British maior
whom he had insulted.Realizingthat he would
stand little chance in a duel with pistols, Putnam invited the major to his tent and suggested
an alternativetrial of honor. The two men were
sitting on small powder kegs, into each of
which Putnam had inserted a slow-burning
fuse. The first to squirm or move from his seat
would be the loser. As the fuses burned, the
major showed increasingsignsof anxiety, while
Putnam continued to smoke his pipe with a
casualair. Seeingthe spectatorsgradually disappear from the tent to escapethe impending
explosion, the major finally leaped from his
k.g, acknowledging Putnam asthe victor. Only
then did Putnam revealthat the kegscontained
onions, not gunpowder.
PYLE, Ernest Taylor (1,900-45),US u)Ar correspondent.He won a Pulitzer Prize ft9aQ for
his reporting of World War II. He was killed
while couering the fighting against the J apanese
in tbe Pacific.
I Reporting on the Normandy landings,
Ernie Pyle always seemedto be there when the

PYTHAGORAS

action was toughest,thoughwithour any paradeof heroics.EnteringCherbourg,the correspondentsfound everything superficially

calm,when suddenly^ shellhit a tank only a
few yards from them. \Ufhenthe men in the
streetstoppedrunningand went back, they
found Ernie Pyle taking down the namesof
thosewho hadcomeout of thetank.Bywayof
explanationhe said,"They seemedto know
ffi,so I had to stick around."
Ar, 48
PYRRHUS (319-272BC),king of Epirus in
nortltwesternGreece(306-272 BC).A daring
general,he was inuited by the Greekcities of
southernItaly to helpthemagainstthegrowing
might of Rome. He campaignedin ltaly and
andwAskilled
Sicily(250-275) withoutsuccess
in a skirmish in the Peloponnesiantown of
Argos,struck on the headby o roof tile hurled
from a housetopby o womAn.
I ln 279 nc the invadingGreekforcesunder
Pyrrhusmet and defeatedthe Romansat the
battleof Asculumin Apulia.The engagement,
however,costPyrrhusmanymen,someof his
and all his baggage.One
closestassociates,
of the Greekscongratulatedthe king on his
victory, to which he replied,"Another such
victoryand we areruined."Hencethe phrase
"Pyrrhicvictory" for one that coststhe victor
too high a price.
Ar, -8
PYTHAGORAS (bornc.580BC),Greekphilosopher born on Samos. The geometrical
theoremthat stillbearshis nameand thenotion
of the "harmony of tbe spheres"werehis most
important contributionsto science.
I Seeinga puppy beingbeatenone d^y, Pythagorastook pity, saying,"Stop, do not beat
it; it is the soul of a friend which I recognized
when I heardit cryingout."

es, Q qg
QUEENSBERRY, William Douglas, 4th
Duke of (1724-18L0),British noblemanknown
for the latter part of his life as "Old Q."
1 Old Q was entertainingat his villa in Richmond, which had a magnificent view of the
Thames River. Guest after guest admired the
panorama undl the duke burst out, "'$7hat is
there to make so much of in the Thames?I am
quite tired of it. Flow, flow, flow, always the
same.tt

2 '$fith advancing years Old Q became very

infirm and spent much of his time at the porch
or bow window of his London house, overlooking Piccadilly. In those days great households included a class of retainer called a
"running footmafrr" whose job was to run
messagesand errands and to clear a way
through crowds for their employers. Applicants for the post of running footman in Old
Q" establishmenthad to run a kind of trial up
Piccadilly, dressed in full ducal livery, while
Old Q himself watched from his vantagepoint.
One particular candidateran so speedilythat
Old a shouted down in delight, "You'll do
very well for me."
"And your lordship" livery will do very well
for me," replied the man, taking off at top
speed,never to be seen again.
At' 48

QUESNAY, Fransois (I594-L774), French

economist and physician. He was leader of the
Physiocrats, a group of Enlightenment theorists
who belieued in the parAmount importance of
agriculture in the economy.
-!
Louis XV once asked Quesnay,who was
originally the king's physician,what he would
do if he were king. "Nothing," replied Quesnay. "But then, who would govern?" asked
Louis. "The lawsr" was the response.
As, qt
QUIN, James(1693-1766), British actor.
I tWilliam Warburton, bishop of Gloucester
was holding forth about royal prerogative,oi
which he was an ardent supporter. Quin tried
to shut him up by asking him to sparehis feelings, as he was a republican. "Perhaps I even
think that the execution of Charles I might
have been iustified," he added. "Oh? By what
law?" demandedWarburton. "By all the laws
that he had left to the country," retorted Quin.
The bishop replied that Charles would have
beensparedin a proper court of law, and in any
caseall the regicideshad come to violent ends.
"l would not adviseyour lordship to make use
of that inferenc,"said Quin, "for, if I am not
mistaken, that was the case of the twelve
apostles."

&s'R q8
RABELAIS, Fransois(?1494-1553)
, French
writer. By turns a Franciscanfriar, a Benedictine monk, and a secularpriest, Rabelaisalso
practicedas a physician.His Garganruaand
Pantagruel,publishedat intentalsfrom 1532,
combinedobscenehorseplaywith satireon ecclesiasticalinstitutions.This led to condemnation of his books by the theologiansof the
Sorbonne.His colorful writings doubtlessencouragedtheaccumulationof apocryphalanecdotesabout his life and death.

Uniuersity from 1.929,becoming professor

there in 1937. He u)as awarded the 1944
Nobel Prize fo, physics.
I Leo Szilard,anxiousto enlistother physicistsin determining
whetherfissioncouldproduce the neutronsneededfor the releaseof
energy,sentRabito seethe greatEnricoFermi
at his home. Rabi went, saw Fermi,and reportedto Szilardthat Fermihad said,"Nuts!"
Szilard,baffled, then accompaniedRabi to
Fermi'sofficeand askedfor an explanationof
"Nuts!" Fermiexplainedthat the possibilityof
a chain reactionresultingfrom the fissionof
uraniumwas remote."'What do you meanby
'remote'?"askedRabi. "Well, ten percentr"
said Fermi. Leo Szilardnever forgot Rabi's
quiet reply to this statement:"Ten percentis
not a remotepossibilityif we may die of it."

I On the way to Paris one d^y, Rabelais

found himself stranded at a small country inn
with no money to pay his bill or to continue his
journey. So he made up three small packets,
labeled them "Poison for the Kingr" "Poison
for Monsieur," and "Poison for the Dauphin"
and left them where the landlord of the inn was
sure to find them. That patriotic citizen informed the police, who promptly arrested
Rabelaisand hauled him off to Paris.When the
packetswere examinedand found to be empty,
Rabelais explained his subterfuge and was set
free, having accomplished his journey at no
expenseto himself.

Ar, 48
RACHEL (1,820-58),French actress,born
Ellsa Felix, the daughterof a Jewish peddler.
From 1838she was the Comhdie-Franeaise's
leadingtragedienneuntil her earb deathfrom
tuberculosis.

2 A short time before Rabelaisdied, he put

on a domino (cloak and mask) and was seen
sitting by his bed in this unusual garb. Reproached for being so frivolous at this dark and
serioushour, he quipped in Latinr"Benti qui in
\
Domino morittntur" (Blessedare they who die tl
lr
in the Lord-or-in
a domino).
it

3 It is said that Rabelaismade the following

will: "I owe much. I possessnothittg. I give the
rest to the poor."
Ar, 48
RABI, Isidor Isaac (1S98-1 988), US pbysicist, born in AustriA. He taught at Columbia

I One of Rachel'snumerous lovers was Frangois d'Orleans,Prince de Joinville, third son of

Louis-Philippe. He sent her his visiting card
on which he had written z "Ou? - quand?combien?" (Sfhere?- when?- how much?)
Rachel, equally businesslike,scrawled: "Chez
toi - ce soir- pour rien" (Your place- tonight - free of charge) and sent the card
back. Their affair lasted for seven or eight
years.
2 Becauseof her itinerant upbringing Rachel
was virtually uneducated,and to the end of her
life her letters remainedfull of errors in spelling
and grammar. Rachel was quite aware of her

462

RACHEL

'When
an admirer "beggedher for "ttn
failings.
bel autographe" (a ryrpeetitograph),she replied,
"[Jn bel autogy.qbi) Auecou sAnsorthographe?"
(A nice autograph- with or without proper
spelling?)
3 Despite her lack of education, Rachel excelled at the interpretation of the classical
French heroinesin the tragediesof Racineand
Corneille, restoring their playsto the repertoire
of the Comedie-Frangaise.Someone once
pompously congratulated her on saving the
French language.Sheanswered,"Clever of me,
isn't it, seeingthat I never learned it."
4 Rachel was notorious for her avadceand
for her guile at persuadingpeople to give her
presents.Dining at the Comte DuchAtel's,she
pointedly admired the great silver centerpiece
on the table. The count, completely under her
spell, said he would be h"ppy to give it to her.
Rachel accepted eagerly,but was a little nervous that the count might changehis mind. She
mentioned that shehad come to the dinner in a
cab. The count offered her his carriageto take
her home. "lndeedr" said Rachel, "that will
suit me very well, as there will then be no
dangerof my beingrobbed of your gift, which I
had better take with me." The count bowed.
"'With pleasure," he said, "!g, you will send
my carriageback, won't you?"
5 Rachel had presented Dumas filt with
a ring. Fully aware of the actress'sreputation
for requesting and acquiring gifts from her
friends and acquaintances,Dumasimmediately
slipped the ring back onto Rachel's finger:
"Permit me, mademoiselle,to presentit to you
in my turn so as to saveyou the embarrassment
of asking for it."
6 Boasted Rachel after a successfulopening
night: "Mon dieu! When I came our on the
stage the audience simply sar there openmouthed."
"Nonsense!" snapped a fellow actress.
"They never all yawn at once."
Ar, '.8
RACHMANINOFF,
Sergei (L873-1943),
Russian composer, pianist, and conductor.
After 1917 he liued mainly in the United States.
He first achieuedfame as a pianist performing
his own compositions.

I Arthur Rubinstein gave a dinner party in

honor of Rachmaninoff,in the courseof which
the composer mentioned that he thought the
Grieg piano concerto the greatesteverwritten.
Rubinstein said that he had just recorded it.
Rachmaninoff insisted on hearing the recording then and there. During coffee, Rubinstein
put on the proofs of the record and Rachmaninoff, closing his eyes,settled down to listen.
He listened right through without saying a
word. At the end of the concerto he openedhis
eyesand said, "Piano out of tune."
2 Rachmaninoff, taken ill in the middle of a
concert tour, was admitted to a hospital in Los
Angeles,where cancer was diagnosed.Knowing he was dying, the pianist looked at his
hands and murmured, "My dear hands. Farewell, my poor hands."
4., 48
RACINE, Jean (1639-99), French dramatist.
His t)ersetragediesAre consideredthe finest examples of the French classical drama; they include Andromaque (1557), Berdnice (1670),
and Phedre(1.677).
I The actressMarie Champm0l6once asked,
Racine from what source he had drawn his'
religious drama Athalie. "From the Old Testamentr" he replieJ,-rrReally?"said the actress.
"From the Old Testament?I always thought
there was a new one."
Ar, q8
RAFT, George (1895-1980), US fil* actor,
famous for his sinister roles in gangstermouies.
He had preuiously beena nightclub dancer and
athlete.
I George Raft acquired and disposed of
about ten million dollars in rhe course of his
career."Part of the loot went for gamblingr" h. I
later explained, "part for horses, and part for I
women. The rest I spent foolishly."
I
Al, -8
RAGLAN, FitzRoy James Henry Somerset,
lst Baron (1788-1855), British field marshal.
He serued with distinction under the Duke of
Wellington during the Napoleonic Wars and
taas appointed commander in the Crimean
War, for the conduct of which he endured much
criticism. The raglan sleeuestyle is named for
bim.

463

RALEIGH

I At the: close
cl ;eof the ba
attl
ffte oft Waterloo
W4tt
Raglan was stan
standir
ling beside \\$(/ellington
lingto when a
,lbo
bulletshatte
ttered
is right elb
d his
ow.. The
T h earm
i had to
be amputate
ated,) za noperat
:ior
onn Raglan
l rglanIbore with(
out a murm
:mur,, but
I ut as ther lir
lim
mb wasb
beingtaken
tD
awayfor di
dispo
osal
sal he cri'ied
e d out,
( ] t , tttDon't
carry
t ken
away thatI armr till
ll I havr e: tal
:n off my ring."
,ack
The arm was bro
I rought bac
k, and
and IRaglan rerine tlhat his wiife hadI giver
trieved a ring
siven him.
Al,

48

RAINIER III [RainierLouisHenri Maxence

Bertrand de Grimaldil (1923- ), prince
"f
Monaco.The twenty-sixthruling princeof the
Houseof Grimaldi, in L955hemarriedus fil*
star GraceKelb, who diedfollowinga cnracci'
dentin 1982.
I On a tour of the Astrodome,a huge,porrr'
stadiumcoveringsomenine acresof land in'
Houstotr, Texas,Prince Rainier was asked,'
"How would you like to havethe Astrodomet
in Monaco?"
"Matrelousr"hereplied."Then we couldbe '|;
the world's only indoor country."
4., 48

-16L8),English
RALEIGH, Sir Walter (?1552
soldier, explorer, and writer. A fauorite of
Queen Elizabeth I, he wls sent by her on
uoyagesto the New World. His uigorousantiSpanishopinions causedhis downfall under
Spain.
JamesI whentheking wishedto appease
He was sentenced
to death(1503),but the sentenceuas commutedto imprisonment.During
bis tuwlueyearsin tbefug*gf Londonhe
wrotesome
W,"
"The Pilgrimage")and begana history of the
world.In 15L5hewasreleased
to searchfor gold
in SouthAmerica,but theexpeditionwasa catastropheandon his returnthedeathsentence
of
1603wls carriedottt.
I Although primarily a man of action, the.
courtly Raleighexemplifiedthe ideal of the i
gentleman.There is an old tradiRenaissance
tion that he firstcaughtthe attentionof Queen
Elizabethsometimein 1581 when she was
walkingalonga muddy path. As shehesitated
in front of a particularlylargepuddle,Raleigh
sprang forward and, taking off his new plush
cloak, laid it on the ground for his sovereignto :
step upon.

2 At the outset of his career as courtier Ra- i

leigh scratchedwith a diamond the following j
words on a window of the royal palace:"Fain
would I climb, yt fear I to fall." The queen,as
he had intended, read the line. She completed
the couplet: "lf thy heart fail thee, climb not at
all."
3 Raleigh brought back tobacco from the i
New World and introduced smoking to Britain. The novelty caused much comment and
considerablediscussionpro and con. Raleigh
was once enjoyinga pipe when his servant,seeing his master enveloped in clouds of smoke,
thought that he must be on fire, and quickly
emptied a bowl of water over Raleigh'shead.
4 (John Aubrey recounts an incident that led
to Raleigh's temporary loss of favor with
Queen Elizabeth.)
"He loved a wench well; and one time getting one of the Maids of Honour up againsta
tree in a wood ('twas his first lady) who seemed
at first boarding to be something fearful of her
'Sweet
honour, and modest, she cried,
Sir
\falter, what do you me ask? \fill you undo
SweetSir Walter! Sir
me?Nry, sweetSir:!$Talter!
'$Talter!'
At last,'asthe danger and the pleasure
at the same time grew higher, she cried in the
'SWisser
Swatter, SwisserSwatter!' She
ecstasy,
proved'"with child, and I doubt not but this
hero'took care of them both, as also that the
product was more than an ordinary mortal."
5 Like his father, Raleigh's eldest son and
namesakewas quick-tempered and a womanizer. At a dinner in great company young
'S7alter,
sitting next to his father, beganto tell a
discreditableanecdote,about how he had visited a whore and shehad refusedto lie with him
because"your father lay with me but an hour
ago."
Incensed and embarrassed, Raleigh hit
young Walter acrossthe face. The young man
was wild, but not so wicked as to strike his
father. So he turned to the man sitting on his
other sideand hit him, sayingashe did so, "Box
about; it will come to my father anon."

6 In his role as Elizabeth'sfavorite Raleigh

was quick to seekbenefitsand rewards.The
queenoncerebukedhim mildly for his rapacity, saying,"When will you ceaseto be a
beggar?"

464

RALEIGH

"'When you cease to be a benefactress,

ma'am," replied Raleigh.
7 The sentenceof death on Raleighwas confirmed on October 28, L6I8, with the execution set for the following morning. As Raleigh
was led back to prison from the tribunal at
\ilestminster, he spied an old acquaintance,Sir
Hugh Beeston, whom he greeted cheerfully.
"You will come tomorrow?" he askedBeeston.
"But I do not know how you will manageto get
a place. For my own part I am sure of one, but
you will have to shift for yourself."
8 Raleigh's courage and dignity on the scaffold were part of the legend that grew up
around him as a martyr to the unpopulat proSpanishpolicy of James I. He tested the ax's
edge, saying,"lt is a sharp remedy, but a sure
one for all ills." As he laid his head on the
block, someone protested that it should be
placedso that his headshould point toward the
east. "'What matter how the head lie, so the
heart be right?" said Raleigh.
As, ..8
RAMANUJAN,
Srinivasa(1887-1920), Indian mathematician. He uisited England
(1914-19), but fell iil and died soon after returning to India. The Cambridgt mathematician
G. H. Hardy edited and published after his
death most of his profoundly original work.
1 (J. E. Littlewood, a mathematician who
collaborated with Hardy, recounts a conversation with Ramanujan.)
"l rememberonce going to seehim when he
was lying ill at Putney. I had ridden in taxicab
number 1729, and remarked that the number
seemed to me rather a dull one, and that I
'Nor'
hoped it was not an unfavorable omen.
'it
he replied, is a very interestingnumber; it is
the smallestnumber expressibleas the sum of
yd
two cubes in two different ways."'
A* a8
RAMSEY, [Arthur] Michael (1904- ), AnglicAnprelate.Ordained in L928,he was bishop of
Durham (1952-56),archbishopof York (195661),and archbishopof Canterbury 095L-74).
I Even as a curate, Ramsey was renowned
for his absentmindedness.His landlady was

tidying up his room one dty when there camea

knock ai the door. "Mr. Ramsey'snot here,"
she called."He's gone out."
"Oh, ys, yes of courser" came the reply.
"Thank you very much."
Recognizingthe voice as that of her young
lodger, the landladyopenedthe door in time to
,seeRamseydisappeararound the corner.
2 In New York one d"y, a local photographer
had been trying for some time to take a picture
of Ramsey,who was there on an official visit.
Unable to think of any better way to attract the
archbishop'sattentior, he finally called out in
desperation: "Archie, would you turn your
headthis woy, please?"Turning his head,Ramsey politely corrected the American. "My
name,sir, is not Archie," he saidwith a friendly
smile. "lt's Mike."
Ar, 48
RAPHAEL [Raffaello Sanzio] (1483-1 520),
Italian artist and architect. He studied in Perugia with Perugino before mouing to Florence
(1504)and then Rome (1508).He decoratedthe
papal apartments in the Vatican with a celebrated series of frescoesand in 1514 was appointed to succeedBramante as architect of St.
Peter's.
I A couple of cardinals,watching Raphaelat
work on his Vatican frescoes,annoyed the artist by keepingup a streamof ill-informed criticism. "The face of the apostle Paul is far too
red," complainedone. "He blushesto seeinto
whose hands the church has fallen," said
Raphael.

6., ..6
RAYNAL, AbbeGuillaumeThomasFrangois
(I7 I3-9 6), Frenchhistorian.
1 The Abbe Raynaland the Abbe Galiani
were both incessant
talkers.A friend decided
to amusehimselfby invitingthemtogetherto a
gatheringat hishouse.AbbeGalianiseizedthe
firstopeningandtook overtheconversation
so
completelythat' no one, not eventhe Abbe
Raynal,could get a word in edgewise.After
listeningin growingfrustration,Raynalturned
to his host and muttered,"S'il crache,il est
pgrdu" (lf he spits,he'slost).

455

REAGAN

Fanny Ronalds was a nineteenth-century

society beauty and singer. Leonard Jerome, a I7all Street magnate,was one of
her most ardent admirers, financing her
performances as a singer and being frequently seen out driving with her. At a
ball she came unexpectedly face to face
with Jerome's wife, Clara. As Mrs. Ronalds held out her hand, the spectators
held their breath, wondering how Mrs.
Jerome would react to meeting the lady
with whom her husband's name was so
publicly linked. Mrs. Jerome took her
rival's hand and said,"I don't blameyou.
I know how irresistiblehe is."

- Anita Leslie,
The RemarkableMr. lerome

READING, Stella, Marchioness of (18941971), British political fig,rrt, secretaryto Lord

Reading, whom she marcied in 1931.
I Shortly after their marriage the Readings
visited Lloyd George in the hospital, where he
was recoveringfrom a prostate operation. Only
Lord Reading was admitted to the patient's
room, the doctor insisting that he stay ho
longer than ten minutes.At the end of that time
the doctor reluctantly agreedto an extension.
As he was about to enter the room to turn Lord
Reading out, he remarked pleasantly to a
woman he did not know who happenedto be
standing in the corridor, "l think they ought to
break it off now, don't you? In any case,Lord
is he?" To this the
Reading isn't ye-ry_919iting,
woman replied, "'lVell, he is my husband,and I
have only been married to him a fortnight." At
this time she was thirty-seven, he seventy.
Aro '.5
REAGAN, Ronald (191,1- ), US film actor and politician; 40th president of tbe United
States (1951-59). He won fame as a mouie
Actor, particularly in low-budget Westerns,
before mouing on to politics in his later yenrs.
An ultra-conseruntiue Republican, he was
gouernor of California (1.966-74) .

I During a student demonstrationin th. \

1950sReagan's
limousinewashemmedin by i
" j
crowd of chantingdemonstrators
wavingplacards.The demonstratorswere chanting,"'S7e d
arethe future." Reaganscribbledon a pieceof f
paperand held it up to the window so they I
could readthe words:"l'll sellmy bonds." )
2 In March 1,981,a would-be assassinfired"
severalshots at the president and his party as
they left a'$Tashingtonhotel. Reaganwas taken
to the hospital with a seriouschestwound that
needed emergencysurgery.As he was wheeled i
into the operating,theater he smiled, looked
around at the team of surgeons, and said,
"Please assure me that you are all Republi- {
cans!"
3 Severalother men were wounded in the
assassinationattempt. The president asked to
be kept informed of their progress.Told that it
was good, he exclaimed, "That's great news.
We'll have to get four bedpans and have a reunion.tt
4 Even the Democrats were impressed by
Reagan'sfirst televisedbudget speech,in which
he used a handful of small change to illustrate
the current value of the dollar. "lt takes an
actor to do that," admitted one of his rivals.
"Carter would have emphasizedall the wrong
words. Ford would havefumbled and dropped
the cash.Nixon would have pocketed it."
5 On April 5, 1984, Reagan ended a foreign
policy addressat Georgetown University by recalling his entranceto a recent state dinner for
Francois Mitterrand: "Mrs. Mitterrand and I
startedthrough the tables,the butler leadingus ,
through the people,and suddenlyMrs. Mitterrand stopped. She calmly turned her head and
said something to me in French, which unfor- :
tunately I did not understand.And the butler
was motioning for us to come ofl, and I motioned to her that we should go forward, that
we were to go to the other side of the room.
And again,verycalmly, shemade her statement
to me.tt

An interpreter finally explained to Mr. Reagan that Madame Mitterrand was telling him
he was standing on her gown.
Aro ..6

465

REE D

REED, Thomas Brackett (1839-1'902),US

statesman.A lawyer by profession,Reedwas a
Republican member of the House of Representatiues (1577-99) and twice setaedas Speaker
( 1 5 8 9 - 9 L ,1 , 8 9 5 - 9 9 ) .
'

! SpeakerReedwas chatting with lawyer and

diplomat Joseph H. Choate and a senator of
the time. Choate said pompouslyr "l have not
drunk whiskey, played cardsfor money, or attended a horse racein twenty-eightyears."The
senator said admiringly, "l wish I could say
,that!" RemarkedReed:o'Well,why don't you?
,Choatesaid it."
2 In the course of debate when Reed was
Speaker,William M. Springerof Illinois quoted
Henry Clay'sfamous"l had rather be right than
be president." In an undertone Reed interjected, "The gentlemanneed not worry, for he
will never be either."
6s, q8
REGER, Max (1,873-1916),German composer and organist.
I After playing the piano part in Schubert's
"Trout" Quintet, Max Regerreceiveda basket
of trout from an admirer. Regerwrote to thank
the sender, mentioning casuallythat his next
concert program was to include Haydn's
"Minuet of the Ox,"
2 After receivinga bad review from Munich
critic Rudolf Louis, Regerwrote to him: "I am
sitting in the smallestroom of my house.I have
your review before me. In a moment it will be
behind me."
{This responseto adversecriticism has
been attributed to severalpeople. Shall
we call it derri0re-pens,Ae?)
As' '48
REHAN, Ada (1850-L91,5),US actress,born
in lreland. She excelled in comic roles, and
worked with Augustin Daly" company in New
York from 1879 to L899.
I Miss Rehan was playing opposite an inexperiencedyoung actor in a romantic comedy.
During one scenethe young hero asksthe heroine a vital questionand shepausesto consider
her answer. The hero's next line should have
been: "You don't replyr" but at this point the

young actor lost his nerrreand dried up. "You

don't reply . o . you don't replyr" came a
hoarsewhisper from the wings. "How the hell
can Ir" retorted the young actor impatiently,
"when I don't know what to say?"
As, q8
REINHARDT, Max (1873-1943),Austrian
theater director of Jewish parentage. He wls
noted for his lauish productions, of which the
most famous was The Miracle (1911).
I A clever young man was instructing Rein"No
hardt in the art ofproducing Shakespeare:
lavish spectacle,no gorgeousscenery,just simple black curtains; that's how it should be
done. So much more aftistic." Reinhardt nodded. "Also much easierr"he said.
As' e8
REISENAUER, Alfred (1863-1907), German pianist, a pupil of Liszt.
'l
"Reisenauer . . had given a concert at
the palace of some German princeling. The
I next d^y, the Ho
fmarschall came to his hotel
grand duke and offered him
behalf
or
of
the
,
t the choice of eitherone thousandmarks or the
,Order of the Bear or the Falcon, or something
i[ke that. 'What would they chargefor such a
'Oh,
medal in shops?'asked the artist.
I think
'
''Wellr'
twenty marksr'replied the courtier.
said
1Reisenauer,'l will accept the medal and nine
; hundred and eighty marks."'
As, e8
RENOIR,
Pierre Auguste (1841-1919),
Frencb Impressionist painter. He exhibited at
the first three Impressionist exhibitions and
had a profound influence on the mouement,
though be himself more or lessabandoned it
after 1882. He spent the last years of his life in
the south of France, where he painted many of
his famous nudes.
1 Renoir was once askedhow he managedto
produce such natural flesh tints and shapely
forms in his nude paintings."I just keep painting till I feel like pinching," he replied. "Then I
know it's right."
When both were in their seventies,Renoir
Ftd sculptor Aristide Maillol exchangedviews
-bnart. Maillol said,"My ambition is to be able

467

RHODES

to sculpta younggirl betweensixteenand,.u-1

enteenlin accotl *ittt my idealconceptionof i
.r

,,

the figure."
I
"And miner" said Renoir, "is to be ableto I
I
paint a white napkin."
f

3 Renoir continuedpaintinB,magnificently,
for yearsafter he wascrippledby arthritis;the
brush had to be strappedto his arm. "You
don't needyour handto paintr" he said.
4 \il7henRenoir becameso old and crippled,
that he could not hold a brush,he took to ;
modelingnudesin clay for his own entertainment.AugusteRodin,the sculptor,askedwhy i
hedid not stickto painting.Renoirrepliedgen- ,
tly, "I amtoo old t-opaint-Imustdo something1
easier."
6ro e8
USessayist.
REPPLIER,Agnes(?1855-1950),
Her writings includePoints of View (1891),
andln Pursuitof
ind Others(191.2),
Americans
Laughter (1936).
I A youngvisitorwasaboutto takeherleave
of Miis Repplier.Shiftingfrom onefoot to the
other, she-pickedup her hat and muff, put
to be
themdownlgain, andgenerallyappeared
in a stateof distraction."Therewassomething
I meantto say,"shefinallyadmitted,"but I've
forgottenwhat it was."
"Perhaps,my dearr"suggestedMiss Repplier,"it wasgood-by.."
A*c8
REUTHER, Walter (1907-70),US labor
Ieader,headof theUnitedAutoWorkers,president of the Congressof lndustrial Organiza'
tions.
I Reuther once visited an auto factory in
Cleveland.A youngmanagertalkedon and on
about a new processthey had for automating
the line.It would be,he said,highlyrobotized,
and it would work far more efficientlyand
cheaplythan the currentline. On and on he
went, describingthe glory of the robots.
"And tell me," Reutherfinally interrupted,
"thesewonderful new robots- will they go
out and buy carsfrom your company?"
Art ,.8

Fanny Ronalds crowned her artistic and

social triumphs by giving a grand ball to
which only the cream of New York society was invited. The hostess'sdressin her
role as the spirit of music was one of the
highlights of an evening in which no expense was spared. Some twenty years
later two of Mrs. Ronalds's most devoted beaux were recalling those days.
"Do you remember Fanny's celebrated
ball?" LeonardJeromeaskedAugust Belmont. "I most certainly dor" Belmont re- 14

t
plied."After all, I paidfor it." Therewas
a slightpause."\fhy, how verystrange,"i
saidJerome."So did I."
- Anita Leslie,
The RemarkableMr. lerome

n
,i
rt
,t

REYNOLDS, Sir Joshua(1723-92),English

portrait painter, first presidentof the Royal
Academy(1758). His many portraits include
thoseof Samuel]ohnson,EdmundBurke,and
Dauid Garrick;he wasalsonotedfor his paintingsof children.
1 TheScottishpainterRobertBarberwasout
sketchingon Calton Hill, Edinburgh.He noticed a curiouseffectcausedby the prevailing
conditions:it wasasif the entire
atmospheric
viewwerecontainedwithin a cylinder"Inspired
with the ideaof reproducingthis effectartistically, he made a model of a panoramaand
showedit to Reynolds.The greatartist was
skeptical.If Barberwere ableto put his idea
into practice,saidSirJoshua,he would getout
of his bedin the middleof the nightto seethe
andsetup hisfirst
outcome.Barberpersevered
Lonpanoramain a housein LeicesterSquare)
don, not far from SirJoshua'sown residence.
Reynoldscarriedout hispromise.He arrivedto
view the panoramawearinghis dressing-gown
and slippers.
Ar, 48
SoutbAfRHODES, CecilJohn(1S53-1,902),
andfinancier.Of Englishbirth,
ricanstatesman
Rhodesemigratedto South Africa for health
reasonsand madea uastfortunefrom gold and
diamond mining. As prime minister of the
CapeColony(1890-96),heexpandedBritain's

468

RHODES

colonial territories in southern Africa, but ouerreachedhimself with the Jameson Raid (1595)
against the Dutch settlers (Boers) led by Paul
Kruger. The open hostility that thus resultedled
to the Boer'War (1899-1902). Under Rhodes's
will part of his fortune was used to endow
Rhodes scholarships.
I Rhodes was a stickler for correct dressand
behavior, but not at the expenseof someone
else's feelings. A young man invited to dine
with him in Kimberley arrived by train and had
to go directly to Rhodes'shouse in his travelstained clothes. Here he was appalled to find
the other guests already assembled,wearing
full eveningdress.Feelingvery uncomfortable,
he waited with the rest of the companyfor their
hgst to appear.After what seemeda long rime,
Rhodes finally appeared,in a shabby old blue
suit. The young man later learnedthat when he
arrived Rhodes had been dressed in evening
clothes and was about to welcome his guests.
Told of the traveler'sdilemma, Rhodeshad at
once returned to his room and put on an old
suit.
2 \fhen asked why he had come ro South
Africa, Rhodes replied that there was some
truth in the reasonshis friends usuallyascribed
to him - love of adventure or on account of
his health. But, he confided, "The real fact is
that I could no longer stand English eternal
cold mutton."
3 Rhodes died from heart diseaseat a low
ebb in his fortunes, beserby personalscandals
and discreditedby the tragedy ofthe Boer'War,
which his own misjudgmentsand policies had
helped to foment. Lewis Michell, who was ar
his bedsidein Rhodes'scotrageat Muizenberg,
near Cape Town, heard the dying man murmur, "So little done, so much to do."
4 The distribution of Rhodes'svasr forrune
under the terms of his will, with much of the
money directed toward the setting up of the
Rhodes scholarships,causedsome resentment
in the immediate family. "'Well, there it is," said
his brother Arthur. "It seemsto me I shall have
to win a scholarship."
Ar, 48
RICE, Grantland (1880-19 54), much-loued
US sportswriter, known as "Granny" to his
friends.

I During the 1,944\7orld SeriesGranny arrived at the Sportsman'sPark in St. Louis to

discoverhe had brought the wrong ticket with
him. Resigninghimself to missing the start of
the game, the celebratedsportswriter was on
the point of going back to his hotel to ger the
proper ticket when Frank Graham came over
to him and, on learning of Granny's predicament, led him promptly toward the gateman.
"This is Grantland Rice behind me," Graham
declared."He hasthe wrong ticket." The gateman beamed at Granny and ushered him in
with great deference.When the pair reached
the pressbox Graham made a similar inrroduction and the gateman there was equally welcoming. "Frankie, you are maroelousr"Granny
said as they took their seats."How did you
managethat?"
Al, q$
RICH, John (1925director.

), US teleuisionand frl*

| \Torking on a Western film, Rich was having difficulty with a particular ourdoor shor.
Each affempt was marred by extraneous noise
- traffic passing, dogs barking, jets flying
verhead.A passerbyhad sroppedto watch the
lming. "tilfhy do you persist in shooring the
e scene so many times?" she asked. The
:xasperatedRich replied: "Madaffi, have you
topped to consider how many cinemasthere

e in this counrry?"
A$ e8
RICHARD
I (1157-99), king of England
(1189-99), known as Richard Coeur de Lion
(the Lionheart). He spent most of his reign cnmpaigning abroad as one of the most successful
leadersof the Tbird Crusade. Held prisoner by
Fmperor Henry Vl in Austria on his way home,
he was releasedonly on payment of a huge rAnsom (1194).
I \fhen Richard was captured by the Austrians, it was some time before anyone in England discovered where he was. A minstrel
called Blondel searched for his masrer
throughout Europe in vain. Returning home
through Aust riarhowever, he learned that in an
ancient stronghold near Linz there was a
closelyguardedprisonerwhose identity no one
knew. Blondel, suspectingthe mysteriouscaptive was his master, went to the castle but was

469

RICHELIEU

unable to catch a glimpse of the prisoner. He

eventuallylocated a tiny barred window, high
up on the castlewall, which he thought was the
prisoner's cell. Under this window he sangthe
first couplet of a troubadour's song, the first
part of which had been composed by himself
and the secondby Richard. From the window a
voice responded with the second p"ft, and
Blondel knew that he had found his master.
{According to one tradition Blondel then
took employment at the fortress,gained
accessto Rich ardrandwas the messenger
through whom Richard arranged the
raising of his ransom with the English
nobility. There is, however, no reliable
source for any part of the story.)
2 Richard I was once warned by an eminent
preacherthat he would be severelypunishedby
God if he did not soon marry off his three
daughters.The king protested that he had no
daughters,to which the priest replied, "Your
Majisty has three - ambition, avarice, ald
luxury. Get rid of them as fast as possible,else
assuredly some great misfortune will be the
consequence."
"If it must be so," replied Richard contemptuously, "then I give my ambition to the templars, my avarice to the monks, and my luxury
to the prelates."
As, q4
RICHARDSON, Sir Ralph (1902-84), British actor. He enioyed considerablesuccessin a
uariety of Shakespeareanrolesand in numerous
films.
1 In l, 91g the young Richardson was an of- n
fice boy for an insurancecompany in Brighton.
To relieve the tedium of the iob, he decided :
one d^y to see if he could walk around the
building on a narrow ledge several stories
:
above t-h. street, He had -."nt to time this
exploit to coincide with his boss's absence
from the office, but unfortunately as he was
:
edginghis way past the boss'swindow, the man
himself entered the room and froze. Richard- r
son gave him a cheery wave and called, "I was i
i
chasinga pigeon."
2 Ralph Richardsonseemeddestinedto have
bad luck at the home of his friends, Vivien
Leigh and Laurence Olivier. At a housewarming for the couple's first home in Chelsea,

Richardson brought along some fireworks to

set off in the tiny backyard in celebration. He
lit the first (and largest) one, but instead of
soaring into the London skies,it shot straight
through the open patio windows into the dining room, burned up the curtains, and set the
cornic e ablaze.Vivien Leigh was not amused.
Some years later, Richardson and his wife
were invited to the Oliviers' new home, Notley
Abbey. Recallingthe disasterof the fireworks,
they promised each other to be exceedingly
careful. All went well at first. After dinner, Olivier mentioned that the medievalmonks who
had owned the abbey had left some interesting
paintingson the roof beams;would anyonelike
to seethem?The ladiesdeclined, but Richardson and Olivier, armed with flashlights, went
up to the attics.A few minutes later there came
an anguished. cry ryd a fearful crash. The
women rushed upstairs to find Richardson on
the bed in the main guestrooffi, dust and plaster
everywhere,and a iaggedhole in the ceiling. In
his enthusiasmover the paintings,Richardson
had not noticed that the attic floor was unboarded, had stepped backward from a nfter,
and, like the firework through the patio door,
shot straight down through the ceiling.
Aco .td
RIC HELIEU, Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis,
Duc de (1766-1822), French statesman.Taking
refugefrom the French Reuolution in Russia,he
became a successfuladministrator in Odessa
(1503-14). He returnedto ioin Louis XVIII in
France, but after Napoleon's escapefrom Elba
reioined the Russian atmy, attempting to influence euents in fauor of tbe French monarchy
duringthe Congressof ViennA. In 1815 he succeededTalleyrandas prime minister and helped
to relieue France of the burdens it had suffered
after the defeat of Napoleon.
I Married at fifteen to a deformed girl three
yearshis junior, Richelieu never had more than
a formal relationship with his wife. The duchess inevitably sought her consolation elsewhere. Coming upon her in flagrante delicto,
Richelieu rebuked her: "Madaffi, you must
really be more careful. .Stppg:.e it had been
someone elsewho found you like this."

2 Richelieuand his officerswere planning a\

campaign."'We shall cross the river at this j

470

RICHELIEU

pointr" said one of the officers, placing his

finger on the map. "Excellent, sirr" remarked
Richelieu, "but your finger is not a bridge."
3 \7hen Richelieu learned an old, rich, and
stupid widow of his acquaintancehad died the
previous day, his only comment was, "'What a
pity! Shewould have been a fine catch the day
before that."
4., q8
RICHTER, Hans (1843-191,6),Hungarian
conductor. He was famous for his interpretation of the works of Wagner and Brahms, and
for some time led the Halle Orchestra in England.
I An orchestraplayer who had yearnedto try
his hand at conducting finally reahzedhis ambition. As he left the podium, he obseryedto
Richter, "You know, this conducting business
is really very straightfonvard."
"Ssh!" said Richter. "l b.g you, don't give us
away!"
2 Once, with Richter conducring Dvoiik's
Ninth Symphony, the cymbal player miscounted the barsin the finaleand camein at the
wrong place.The conductor fixed a furious eye
upon the delinquent and glowered at him for
the remainder of the piece. At the end of the
concert he fired the man. A couple of days
later, rehearsingthe same symphotrI, Richter
stopped the orchestra rwo bars before the fateful spot and muftered ominously, "Is he sdll
alive, do you think?"
3 Richter once lost his temper (and, remporarily, his command of the English language)
with an incompetenr second flutist at Covent
Garden. "Your damned nonsensecan I stand
twice or oncer" he roared, "but sometimes
always,by God, never."
A!, q8
RIGAUD,
painter.

Hyacinthe (1659-1743), French

I A heavily made-up lady was having her portrait painted by Rigaud. She complained rhat
his colors were much too bright. "'We buy
them at the sameshop, madamer" retorted the
artist.

US
RILEY, JamesWhitcomb (1,849-1915),
uersifier,known As the "Hoosier poet." His
works includeRhymesof Childhood (1890)
and The Little Orfant Annie Book (1908).
landladytold the poet
I Riley's\ilTashington
i oned^y of the sadfateof herneighbor'scook.
Havingworked for the family for manyyears,
' the unfortunatewomanhad fallenasleepover
'
herstoveand burnedto death.An appropriate
epitaph sprangimmediatelyto Riley's lips:
i"\Ufelldone,good and faithful servant."
4., ..S
RIVAROL, Antoinede (I7 53-1801),French
writer and wit.
I A bitter andmerciless
critic of others,who
had himselfproducednothing,was attacking
his usualtargets.Rivarolsaidto him, "lt is a
greatadvantage
to haveproducednothing,but
you mustnot abuseit."
2 Someone
askedRivarol'sopinionof a coupletproducedby a mediocrepoet."Very good,
but it has its longueulrs,"
wasthe response.
4., ..6
RIVERA, Antonio (died 1936),SpanishNationalisthero,known as "the Angelof theAlcdzLr."
I Antonio Rivera,son of a formermayorof
Toledo,took refugewith orherNationalisrs
in
the Alcazarin the summerof 1936ar the srarr
of the famoussiegeduring the SpanishCivil
'$Var.
As a pacifist,the youth refusedat first to
help defendthe ancienrsrronghold,and was
put on latrineduty. When the situationof rhe
besieged
becamemore desperate,
he decided
that it would not be inconsistent
with hisprinciplesto aid in the defense,providedthat he
did not kill in hatred.He wasassigned
theposition of loaderto a heavymachinegun. It was
saidthat he would give the signalto fire with
the words: "Tirad-pero sin odio" (Firewithout hatred).
{Just nine days before the Arlcilzarwas
relieved,a grenadeshatteredAntonio's
arm. The limb had ro be ampurated
'lil7hen
without benefitof anesrhedc.
the
Nationalist forces relievedthe Alcilza4
Antonio wascarriedwith greathonor to

471,

ROBINSON,JACKIE

his father'shouse,but he neverrecovered,and died two monthslater.)

Ar, 48
RIZZUTO,
fig,rre.

Phil (1918- ), US sports

| "\ilfhile broadcastinga YankeegameRizzuto wasinformedthat PopePaulVI haddied.

He commentedon the airr'Well,that kind of
puts the damperon evena Yankeewin."'
Ar, 48
ROBERT I [Robertthe Bruce](1274-1329),
king of Scotland(1305-29).Unableat first to
maintainhis kingdomagdinstthe incursionsof
his powerful neighbor,Edward I of England,
Robertwentually won a crushinguictory ouer
the English under Eduard II at the banle of
consoliBannoikburn(1314).He subsequently

datedhisposition,fotci@
indef
nize^Sce*ish

\'"fuhfu

: iil1328.-

I Therearemanypopularstoriesandlegends
about Robert the Bruceand his daringdeeds
againstthe English oppressors.One, made
fimous by \WalterScott, concernsthe period
when Robert the Brucewas on the run from
the troops of EdwardI. Hiding in a cave,and
and uncersufferingfrom deep despondency
tainty as to what he ought to do next, he
watcheda smallspiderspinningits web, trying
and failing time and time againto secureit
properly.The fugitive king read the spider's
asa parable
andits eventualsuccess
perJistence
-for
by his
himself: he mustnot be discouraged
failures,but go out and continuethe struggle
until he achievedthe liberationof his country.
6ro '.8
ROBERT, Iropold (1794-1835)' Swiss
painter and etcher.From 1818 to 1832 be
workedin Rome,wlterehe becamefamousfor
his picturesof ltalian daily life. He killed himselfout of unrequitedloue.
I Lopold Robert, brought up in a piou{
household,washimselfhighlymoral.In 18271
however,he painted two pictures,entitle{
Tuto Girls Disrobingfor Tbeir Bath, that of'l
fendedby their "freedom." Robert defende{
himselfby sayingthat, althoughordinarilyal{
his figureswereclothedfrom headto foot, thisl

time he had wantedto choosea different,uU-\

ject.He went on, "But I assureyou that I haveI
placedthefiguresin a completelysecluded
spot I
so that theywould not possiblyencounterany I
observationfrom curiousonlookers."
I
Ar, ..6
ROBINSON, EdwinArlington(1869-1 935),
IJSpoet.He won seueralPulitzerprizesfor bis
poetry,of which he publisheda numberof uol,tmes.He wasa prothg|of TheodoreRooseuelt.
at the
I Robinsonusedto spendhissummers
New
MacDowellColony nearPeterborough,
Hampshire.Arrivingat breakfastonemorning,
he found the writer Nancy Byrd Turner and a
newmemberof thecolonyalreadyseatedat his
table. "This is Mr. Robinson," said Nancy
Byrd Turner to her companion."Robinson!
Not E.A. Robinson- not theMr. Robinson?"
gushedthe other woman. There followed a
long, uncomfortablepause,then Robinson
said,"A Mr. Robinson."
TheodoreRoose2 In 1905oneof President
velt'ssonsbroughtto his father'sattentiona
book of poemsby Robinson,The Childrenof
Rooseveltcreatedin the
the Nigh/.Impressed,
New York CustomHousea sinecurefor the
virtuallydestitutepoet."I expectyou to think
poetryfirstandcustomssecondr"hetold Robinsonwhenhe took up the post.
tRobinsonwasrequiredonly to openhis
close
desk,readthe morningnewspaper,
his desk,and leavethe newspaperon his
chair as proof that he had turned up at
the office.This lastedfour years,during
himself
whichtimeRobinsonestablished
Taft becamepresident'
as a poet. \$(Ihen
andintimatedthat Robinsonwould have
to put in a full day'swork, the poet resigned.)
Ar' 48
ROBINSON, Jackie(L9L9-72),US baseball
player.In 1947,asthefirst blackto play-ftaj_o2
h reb
ieqtguo
with the
I On the dry of his first appearance
Dodgers,Robinsonkissedhiswife goodbyeat
their hotel before settingout. "If you come
down to EbbetsField today," he said, "yo,t
won't haveany trouble recognizingme." He

472

R O B I N S O N ,J A C K I E

paused for a moment, then added, "My number's 42."

2 Rochefortfound it difficult
ke ends
meetby his writing.IJ
[o obserre,"My
fero francs per line - not
white spaces."

Ao' q8
ROCHE, Sir Boyle (1743-1807), Irish politician.
I Sir Boyle Roche was well known in Parliament and beyond for his extraordinary"bullsr"
or lrishisms,someof which arepreseryedin the
records of parliamentaryproceedings.He was
an ardent advocate of tlie union of England
and Ireland in 1800 and declaredthat his love
for the two countries was so great that he
would like to see"rhe two sistersembracelike
one brother."
2 John Philpot Curran took the opposite
view to Roche's on the union of England and
Ireland, and they often clashedin parliamentary debateson the subject. Replying to some
aspersioo,Curran proclaimed that he needed
no help from anyone but was well able to be
"the guardian of my own honor." "lndeedr"
commented Sir Boyle Roche, "why, I always
thought the right honorable member was an
enemy to sinecures."
As' q8
ROCHEFORT, [Victor] Henri, Marquis de
Rochefort-Lu eay(1830- 1913),Frenchiournalist. His tumultuous life as a radical iournalist
inuolued a series of duels and seueral prison
sentences.In the 1890s he was a leader of the
anti-Dreyfusards.
I On one occasionwhen Rochefort had been
arrested,the authorities confronted him with
evidenceof his links with inrernationalrevolutionaries. "In one of your drawerswere found
two photographs of Garibaldi and Mazzini
with their autographs."
"That is truer" said Rochefort, "for those
two great patriots did send me their photos."
"But that is not allr" went on the interrogator, "for there were also seizedseveralpictuies
of Henri Rochefort."
Somewhat baffled, Rochefort said, "Bur I
am Henri Rochefort."
"l am not denying that," said the interrogator, "but it is nonethelesssignificantthat you
should have so many portraits of thar nororious socialistin your house."

As, ".8

ROCKEFELLER,JohnD[avisonJ,
Sr.(1,839I937),US oil magnate
andphilanthropist.
President of the StandardOil Company,he was a
dominantfigrrrt in the oil businessuntil his retirementin 1911.He established
four charitable
foundations.
I Rockefeller found our that his family had
ordered an electric car as his surprisebirthday
present, to enable him to get around his vast
estatemore easily."lf it's all the sameto you,"

saidthe multimillionaire,"l'd rarherhavethe

money."

6s' q8
ROCKEFELLER,JohnD[avisonJ,
Jr. (15741960),US capitalistand philanthropist,son of
John D. Rockefeller,Sr.He was inuoluedwith
his father's oil-trade interestsand charitable
foundationsand plannedand financedthe
RockefellerCenterin New York.
I Rockefelleronce madea collect call from r\
goin box, which failed to refund the money he I
had put in. He called up the operaror, who I
asked for his name and addresi so that the I
money could be mailed ro him. Rockefcller I
began:"My p.m9 isJohn D. . . .Oh, fcrget it;
I
you wouldn't believeme any\l/ay."
As' a8
ROCKEFELLER,
William (1841-tgZZ),
brother of ]ohn D. Rockefeller, Sr. William
helped to run Standard Oil and to deuelop the
company's influence upon the oil market.
I The growing Rockefeller empire attracted
the attention of the courts owing to concern
over the dangersof monopolies.When William
Rockefeller was required to appearin court, he
decided that his best defensewould lie in the
refrain, "l decline to answer on the advice of
counsel," as the following exchangeshows:
"On the ground that the answerwill incriminate you?"
"I decline to answeron the adviceof counsel.tt

473

R O G E R S ,S A M U E L

"Or is it that the answer will subject you to

some forfeiture?"
"l decline to answer on the advice of counsel."
"Do you decline on the ground that the answer will disgraceyou?"
"I decline to answer on the advice of counsel.tt

"Did your counsel tell you to stlck to tha{

one answer?"
"l decline to answer on the adviceof .ourrl
sel.tt

At that point the whole court

laughter, Rockefeller included.

burstt"r1

Ar, e4
RODGERS, RichardCharles(1902-79),US
composer.He collaboratedwith Lorenz Hart
onThe Girl Friend(1925)and PalJoey(1940)
andwith OscarHammersteinII onOklahoma!
(1943)and The Kingand | (1951).
I Dick Rodgers'scollaboratorsLarry Hart
and OscarHammersteinII werefirst-ratelyric
writers.He wasoften askedhow theydiffered.
It should be mentionedthat Hart was a very
short man, about five feet three inches;
Rodgershimselfa few inchestaller;and Ht-:
metsleinover six feet.SaidRodgers,"'W'henI
recognizedus
worked with Larry and people
'The little fellow
sxY,
they'd
walkingtogether,
is oka/ but watch out for the big son-of-abitch.'Now, whenI'm with Oscarandam rec'The big ggy is okay,bu!
ognized,peoplesay,
wltch out for the little son-of-a-bitch.'And
that's the differencebetweenworking with
Larryand working with Oscar."
2 Rodgerscomposed the score for the musicalCbee-Chrr,the story of which is basedupon
a novel by CharlesPettit ,The S?n of the Grgryd
Eunuch.Theplot hingesupon the efforts o.fthe
hero to avoid being emasculatedin order to
inherit his father's exalted office. At the point
in the story at which the youth is taken away
for the operation Rodgers inserted into the
score a few bars from Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker Suite.
{Rodgers commented, "At almost every
perfoimance there were two or three individuals with ears musically sharp
,
\
.nough to appreciatethe joke.")

USorches-y
RODZINSKI, Artur (L892-1958),
tra leader,conductorof the New York Philhar- \
monic(1943-47).
j
I On a vacationRodzinskinoticedthat there \
of an open-aircon- i
wasto bea radiobroadcast
certconductedby FabienSevitzkyandthat the I
programincludedoneof Rodzinski'sown spe- |
Fifth Symphony.Tuncialties,Shostakovich's
ing in shortly after the concert had begpn,
renderingwith '1
Rodzinskilistenedto Sevitzky's
t
respect."How *.tt he sustaiisthe
increasing
line!" he"murmured."Listen to that balance! \
He musthavestudiedmy recording."And he \
endedby sayingthat he had doneSevitzkyan i
injustice,that he had alwaysthought that he I
had no talent but that really he was a gre^t 1
inconductor.At the endof the-performance,
I
therewasa mo- I
steadof the expectedapplause
mentof silence.Thenthe announcercameotr, I
sayingthattheconcerthadbeenrainedout and I
inits f,h.. the stationhadplayeda recordingof ,|
Fifth conductedby Artur Rod' '
Shostakovich's
zinski.
Al,

48

ROGERS, Samuel (I763-1855), British

writer. A bankerby profession,Rogersusedhis
considerableincomeand ready wit to gather.
aroundhim the mostselectliterarycnd artistic
personalities
of his doy.His TableTalk, edited
-after
his death, fs particularb ualuedfor the
glimpsesit giuesof his celebratedcontemporhries.
I Discussingthe approachingmarriageof a
lady whom they both knew, Lold Lansdowne
observedto Rogersthat shehad madea good
match. "I'm not so surer" replied Rogers.
"'Uilhynot? All her friends approveit," sai-d
"Then sheis ableto satisfy
Lord-Lansdowne.
everyore," said Rogers. "Her friends are
are delighted."
pleasedand her enemies
2 Rogershad a considerablerePutationfor
wit. Oncewhenaccused
hisbitingandsarcastic
of beingill-natured,he iustifiedhimselfby sayirg, "They tell meI sayill-naturedthings.I have
a weakvoice;if I did not sayill-naturedthings,
no one would hearwhat I said."
3 Rogershad a bare, polishedhead and a
some*hat cadaverousappearance.He and

\"

474

R O G E R S ,S A M U E L

Lord Dudley once spent an hour or two exploring the catacombs in Paris. As they were
leaving, the keeper caught sight of Rogers and
rushed toward him with a look of horror,
shouting, "No, no. You have no right to come
out. Go back inside.Go back."
Lord Dudley fled from the scene in paroxysms of laughter, leaving Rogers to extricate
himself from the situation as best he might.
\7hen Rogerslater taxed him for his desertiotr,
he replied, "My dear Rogers, you looked so
much at home I did not like to interfere."
4 A gathering of society leaderswas praising
one of its absentmembers,a young duke who
had recently come of age; they extolled his
looks, his talents, his wealth, his prospects. . o . In a pausein the chorus of admftation the voice of Rogerscould be heard saying
malevolently,"Thank God he has bad reerh!"

"Dear Sirs,I guessyo"ri

Rogerssimplyrepli_ed,
pianosarethe bestI everleanedagainst.Your{
truly, Will Rogers."
I
4 Rogers,havingpaid too much incometax
one year,tried in vain to claim a rebate.His
numerouslettersand queriesremainedunanswered.Eventuallythe form for the nextyear's
return arrived.In the sectionmarked "DEDUCTIONS," Rogerslisted: "Bad debt, US
- $40,000."
Government
&s, eS
ROLAND, JeanneManon (I7 54-93),wife of
the Frenchstatesman
JeanRoland(1734-93).
Sheandherhusbandwereoutspokenprotesters
againstroyal corruptionand inefficiency,but
the reuolutionaryextremists euentuallysent
Mme Rolandto theguillotine.At thenewsof his
wife's deathher husbandcommittedsuicide.

Ar' 48
ROGERS, Will (1,879-1935),US comedian,
who progressedfrom tbe uaudeuille stageto become an internationally known fil* actor and
. humorist. His forte wAs political obsentations:
{ "/ don't make iokes; I iust watcb thi loueiand report tbe facf,s."
\ment
I One of the many legends about William
Randolph Hearst's fabulous weekend houseparties at San Simeon concerns \fill Rogers.
Throughout the weekend Hearst kept hilury amusing rhe resr of the company: A few
days later Hearst received a large bill from
Rogers for senrices as a professional entertainer. Hearst telephonedRogersto protest: "I
didn't engageyou as an enteftainer. You were
invited as a guest." Rogers retorted, "'W'hen
someoneinvites me as a guest,they invite Mrs.
Rogers as well. til(hen they ask me to come
alone, I come as a professionalentertainer."

2 On a visit to Paris,Rogerssenta picture

postcardof the Venusde Milo to his young
niece.On the back he wrote: "Seewhat witl
happento you if you don't srop biting your
fingernails."
{This anecdoteis told of others.}
/
I
I
)

I Rogers had been asked by r firm of piano

manufacturers to write a short testimonial for
their instrumenrs. Unwilling ro endorse any
product that he could nor pur ro the rest,

I Mme Roland'scalmcouragein prisonand

at her execution becamefamous. As she
mountedthe stepsto theguillotine,shelooked
toward the claystatueof Liberty serup in the
Placede la Rvolutionand exclaimed,"O libert6!O liberte!Que de crimeson commeten
ton nom!" (Ohliberty!Oh liberty!til7hatcrimes
arecommittedin thy name!)
As' 48
ROMANOFF, Mike [Harry F. Gergusonl
(1890-1972),US restaurateur.
He was h wellknown figrrt in Hollywood in the 1940sand
1950s,claimingto be a Russianprince.
1 There were numerous Russian emigrCsin
New York in the 1,920s,and someoneinvited
the Grand Duke Dmitri of Russiaro meer his
"kinsman." The grand duke looked at Mike
Romanoff with deepsuspiciotr,then addressed
Iti-. rpjdly- in Russian. The bogus prince
headed for the exir, saying,"l donit think we
should insult our hosts by talking in any languagebut theirs."
2 Another attempt to discountenance Romanoff was made by r young acror playingwith
Romanoff in Frank Sinarra's Tony Rome in
1967. The actor addressedthe restaurateurin
fluent Russian,but was met by ^look of freezitg disdain. Afterward Romanoff complained,
"The vulgarity of a srranger'sspeakingio me in

475

ROOSEVELT, FRANKLIN

that tongue!We never spoke anything but

Frenchat court."
6., 48
ROOSEVELT, [Anna]Eleanor(1S84-1962),
USwriter and lecturer,wife of Franklin Delano
Her writings includeIt's Up to the
Rooseuelt.
Women (1933)and The Moral Basisof Democracy (1940).

to the idea of a woman's holding real power,

had a stormy meetingwith the presidentabout
' the appointment. According to a Washington
I story current at the time, Mrs. Rooseveltsym' pathizedwith her husband over the confrontation. "That's all rightr" he replied. "l'd rather
have trouble with them for an hour than trouble with you for the rest of my life."
3 The novelist Fannie Hurst wanted to surprise FDR with the change in her appearance
since she had been on a diet. She managedto
slip unannouncedinto his office.The president
looked up as sheentered,then gesturedfor her
to turn around in front of him. When shecompleted the turn, he commented, "The Hurst
may havechanged,but it's the sameold fanny."

I In her last yearsEleanorRooseveltwas

well as
probablythe mosteasilyrecognizedras
the mostbeloved,womanin theUnitedStates.
At this periodracialintolerancewasstill quite
marked.
Shewaswalkingoned^y on a crowdedstreet
in GreenwichVillage, New York, during a
rainstorffi,when a stationwagonbackedinto
her,knockingher down. Shegot up andwithout hesitationorderedthe driverto makeoff at
oncewithout delay.Then,her ligamentstorn,
shehobbled off to her next speakingengagement.
The driver wasblack.

4 Eleanor Roosevelt was particularly fond of

sweetbreads.In one week they appearedon the
rU7hiteHouse menu no fewer than six times.
The president eventually complained in a note
to hii wife: "I am getting to the point where my
stomachrebels,and this does not help my relations with foreign powers. I bit two of them
today."

A'' '-a'8
ROOSEVELT, Franklin Delano (18821945), US statesman;32d president of the
UnitedStates(1933-45).Despitean attackof
polio in 1921that left him paralyzedfrom the
waist down and threatenedto end his public
gouer"nor
of NeutYork
became
career,Rooseuelt
Stateand the only IIS presidentto beelectedfor
four terrrrs.The economicmeasuresof Rooseuelt'sNew Deal enabledthe countryto recouer
from the Depressionof the 7930s.After the
bombingof Pearl Harbor by the Japanesein
1941, Rooseuelt took the United Statesinto
World'War II. He died in officeiust beforetbe
end of tbe wAr.

,'5 The many detailswhich an inaugural committee must cope with in a short time inevitably
produce a few mistakes.Thus FDR, in 1937,
receivedan invitation to his own inauguration.
i Through the r$fhite House social bureau he
, solemnly sent word that the press of official
; businesswould keep him away. Then, relenti ing, he sent a further note in his own handwrit, ing: "I have rearranged my enagemgnls.and
' think I may be able to go. Will know definitely
January19. F.D.R."
6 It is said that Roosevelt once made a telephone call to Joseph Stalin during the days of
friendship between the United Statesand the
Soviet Union. The call had to pass through a
number of operators, but finally the connection was made. "Hello, Joe?" said Roosevelt.
"It's Frank. Giants three, Dodgers nothittg."
{Almost surely apocryphal but how
one wishes it weren't!)

wasintroducedto
I Asa smallboyRoosevelt
put hishandon
Cleveland
Cleveland.
President
the child'sheadandsaid,"I'm makinga strange
wish for you, little man,a wish I supposeno
one elsewould make.I wish for you that you
mayneverbe presidentof the UnitedStates."
'

I''

2 FDR appointedFrancesPerkinsas secre- I Z Roosevelt found the polite small talk of

rilThiteHouse somewhat
taryof labor- the firstwomanto hold a cabiI social functions at the
j
men
who
of
several
heads
the
net office over
i tedious. He maintained that those present on
for the positionby labor i', such occasions rarely paid much attention to
had beensuggested
leaders.The tradeunionists,opposedasalways i what was said to them. to illustrate the point,

476

ROOSEVELT, FRANKLIN

he would sometimesamusehimself by greeting i 2 S7hen the hotel in which Vice President

guestswigh the words, "l murdered my grandI Roosevelt was staying caught fire, he was ormother this morning." The responsewas in- ! dered down to the lobby with the orher guests.
variably one of polite approval. On one occa- /
After some time, prevented from returning to
sion, however,the presidenthappenedupon an {
his room, he protested:"But I'm the vice presiattentive listetler.On hearingRoosevelt'sout- I
dent!"
rageous remark, the guest replied diplomati- {
"Oh, that's differert," said the hotel official.
cally, "I'm sure she had it coming to her."
Then, as Teddy started up the stairs, "Wait a
i
'What
minute.
are you vice president of ?"
{Maxwell Perkins,the distinguishededii
tor, pepperedhis own small talk similarly I
"Why, of the United Stares,of course!"
at literary gatherings.Evidently writers,
"Then get the hell back down rhere. I
I
as well as politicians,don't listen to one I
thought you were vice presidentof this hotel!"
another.)
|
3 Before retiring to bed, Roosevelt and his
friend the naturalist tilTilliamBeebewould go
ROOSEVELT, Theodore(185S-1919),
US
out and look at the skies,searchingfor a riny
statesman;25th presidentof the United States
patch of light near the constellationof Pegasus.
(1901-09).A sickly bo.y;Rooseuelt
becamea
"That is the SpiralGalaxyin Andromeda," rhey
toughand self-sufficient
man who workedas a
would chant. "lt is aslargeasour Milky \Vay. It
rancher,went big-gamehunting,and fought in
is one of a hundred million galaxies.Ir consists
the Spani;h-AmericanWar (1898).As presiof one hundred billion suns, each larger than
dent, he centeredhis domesticpolicieson ltis
our sun." Then Rooseveltwould turn to his
SquareDealprogramto improuethelot of ordicompanion and soy,"Now I think we are small
nary citizensand his foreignpolicy on the dicenough.Let's go to bed."

tum " Speaksoftlyand carrya big stick." In his

administration,USinfluenceon Lptin America
increasedand control was established
ouertbe
PanamaCanal.
I During his time asa rancher,Rooseveltand
one of his cowpunchers,riding over the range,
lassoeda maverick, a two-year-old steer that
had neverbeenbranded.They lit a fire then and
there and prepared the branding irons. The
part of the range they were on was claimed by
Gregor Lang, one of Roosevelt's neighbors.
According to the rule among cattlemen the
steer therefore belonged to Lang, having been
found on his land. As the cowboy applied the
brand, Roosevelt said, "'Wait, it should be
Lang's brand, a thistle."
"That's all right, boss," said the cowboy,
continuing to apply the brand.
"But you're putting on my brand."
"That's right," said the man, "I always put
on the boss'sbrand."
"Drop that ironr" said Roosevelt, "and get
back to the ranch and get out. I don't needyou
anymore.t'
The cowboy protested, but Roosevelt was
adamant. "A man who will steal for me will
steal from ffi," he declared. So the cowboy
went, and the story spread all over the Badlands.

4 Some of Roosevelt'scritics complainedof

his tendencyto introduce moral issuesin matters where none existed.Speakerof the House
ThomasB. Reedonce told Roosevelt,"lf there
is one thing more than another for which I
admire you, Theodore, it is your original discovery of the Ten Commandments."
5 Shot in the chest in an assassinationartempt in October L912, Rooseveltwas determined to carry on with the speechhe had been
about to make."I will deliverthis speechor die,
one or the otherr" he declared.
{He gave the speechand after fifty minutes allowed himself to be taken to hospital for treatment.)
6 Shortly before he left the White House,
Roosevelt,planning a big-gamehunting trip to
Africa, heard that a famous white hunrer was
visiting rilTashington.He invited the man ro
come along and give him some advice.After a
two-hour tte-i-tOtethe hunter came our of
the president's office looking dazed. "'What
did you tell the president?" someone asked
idly. "My name," said the bemused visitor.
"After that he did all the talking."

A+ ".8

477

ROSENTHAL

ROOSEVELT, Theodore,Jr. (1887-1944),

US soldier,explorer,and politician, the son of
PresidentTheodoreRooseuelt.He sentedas a
maior and lieutenantcolonelin World'War I
and as a brigadiergeneralin World War II.
Betweenthe wars he led expeditionsto Asia
(1925, 1928-29)and was gouernorof Puerto
Rico(1929-32)and of the Philippines(193233).
I Roosevelthad arrangedto meethis wife's
train. Arrivingat the railroadstationat the appointedtime,he wasdismayedto seethe train
speedpastthe platformwithout stopping.His
wife wavedanxiouslyfrom the rearcarrtossing
out an envelopeas she passedher husband.
Rooseveltretrievedthe envelopewith some
difficultyand wasamusedto readthe follow"DearTed:Thistraindoesn'tstop
ingmessage:
here."
4., .8
ROOT, Elihu (1S45-1937),US lawyer and
statesman.He becamesecretaryof stateunder
PresidentTheodoreRooseueltand later was
senatorfor New York. He won the NobelPeace
Prizein 191,2.
a frail old man in his eighties,Root
I rU7hen
visitedby SolM. Linowitz,who
frequently
was
usedto readto him. One dty Root askedthe
youngmanwhat he wantedto do in life. Linowitz replied,"I'm not sure.Maybebea rabbior
perhapsa lawyer."Root'sreplywasimmediate:
z'Bea lawyer.A lawyer needstwice as much
religionasa rabbi."
{Linowitz took Root's adviceand belawyeranda roving
camea distinguished
ambassadorin the Carter administration.)
A.' {S
833-98),Frenchpainter,enROPS,Fdlicien(1"
grauer,and lithographer;illustratorof poemsby
SthphaneMallarm1.
I Art dealerAmbroiseVollard had occasion
to visit Rops a few yearsbeforethe painter's
warned him: "I'm expectinga
death. Rops
'S7hen
the bell ringsthreetimes,you
woman.
must leaveby the other end of the studio."
After sometime the bell rangaspredictedand
Vollard took hisleave.Glancingbehindhim as
he closedthe door, he sawan old housemaid

enterthe room. 'oComenow, monsieufr"she

said,"it's time for your tisane"(herbaltea).
As, .8
ROSENBLOOM, Max (1,904-76),
US light
boxer,world championin 1.930.
heauyweight
because
of hisskill as
I CalledSlapsie-Maxie
gloriedin hisability
a deft boxer,Rosenbloom
to win decisionswithout resortingto such
crudetacticsasactualknockdowns.Onceone
of his openglovesmadecontact,and his bewildered opponentcollapsedon the canvas.
Bellowed Maxie, "I7hy, you dirty doublecrossingrat!"
Al, ..6
ROSENTHAL, Moriz (1852-1946),Polish'
born pianist. He studiedwith Liszt and was
court pianist to the emperorof Austria and tbe
queenof RumaniA.He alsoplayedfor ten seasonsin the UnitedStates.
I

One d^y Rosenthalwas corneredinto hear-\

ing a recitalgivenby mediocrestringquartet.

\7hen the ordealwas"over,the secondviolinist
hurriedoverto themaestroto hearhisopinion.
"How did you like it?" he asked."Excellentr"
The playerwasstill unsatisfied.
lied Rosenthal.
"And our tempi- did theysuityou?"he went
on. "Brilliartr" said Rosenthal,"brilliantyours."
especially
2 When Rosenthalheard that pianistArtur
Schnabelhad failed his physicalfor the army,
he said,"What did you expect?No fingers!"
{This remarkis alsoattributedto others
about others.)
3 Coercedinto listeningto a child prodigy,
Rosenthalasked the boy how old he was.
"Sevenr"saidthe child.
"What areyou goingto play for me?"
"The Tchaikovskyconcerto,sir."
"Too old!" saidRosenthal.
4 Rosenthal used to make fun of a fellow\i
pianist much givento playing Liszt'ssixth Hun- !
garianRhapsodyat atempo Rosenthalconsid- i
Ired far tob slow. On oni occasionhe invited \
this friend to come and seehim. The man ex- l
cused himself, saying that he did not have the I
time. "Nonsense!" retorted Rosenthal."If you i
have time to play the sixth rhapsody like that, j
you certainly have time to pay me a visit."
I

R O SS

ROSS, Harold (1892-1951), US iournalist,

founder, and for many yearseditor of The New
Yorker.
| (Rossbeganhis journalistic careerat the age
of fourteen as a reporter on the Salt Lake City
Tribune.)
"One of his assignmentsthere was to interview the madam of a house of prostitution.
Always self-consciousand usually uncomfortable in the presence of all but his closest
women friends, the young reporter began by
sayingto the bad woman (he divided the other
'How
many fallen
sex into good and bad),
women do you have?"'
2 Shortly after Ross had obtained his discharge from the armed forces at the end of
\7orld \Var I, he met the former war secretary,
Newton D. Baker. He and Ross discussedthe
war at length, and Rosswas delightedwith the
frankness with which Baker covered a wide
range of topics. Taking leave of him, Ross remarked, "Well, Mr. Secretary,that cleansup
everything except how Joe Higgins was made
corporal of my squad."
3 RosslaunchedThe New Yorkerin 1 925on
a shoestring budget. The magazine'sfinances
continued to be very shaky for some time; its
equipment and resourceswere therefore minimal. When Ross asked Dorothy Parker why
she had not come in to do a piece she had
promised him, sheretorted, "someone elsewas
using the pencil."
4 (Ross'sunavailing but persistenratrempts
to bring order to the officesof The New Yorker
made life miserable for a seriesof assistanrs,
who included Thurber and M. B. Levick.)
"Levick's final frantic responsero the editor's demand for a method of keepingtrack of
everything was an enormous sheet of cardboard, six feet by four, divided into at least
eight hundred squares,with fine hand lettering
in each of them covering all phases of the
scheduling of departments and other office
rigmaroles.This complicatedcaricatureof System, this concentration of all known procedural facts, hung on a wall of the Talk meeting
room until one d^y it fell down of its own
weight. Ross had stared at it now and then
without saying a word. \(/hen it crashed, he
'Get rid
told his secretaryr
of that thing."'

478
5 A promisingyounglad soughta placeon
the staff of The New Yorkerand Rosshired
him. "Don't be too pleased
with yourself,"he
warnedthe new employee,"l hire any damn
fool who stickshis nosein here.And don't
think you'll be startingas a reporter.You'll
beginasmanagingeditor,like everyoneelse."
(ln a variant of this story, the new
memberof staff is identifiedas James
Thurber.)
6 As a practicalioke Thurberoncerolledt\
yerylargewaterbottle alongthe corridorpastI
the officesof The New Yorker.Hearingthe I
edi-|
racket,R.ossinstructedthe new managing
tor: "Go and find out what the hell is happ.nI
ing.But don't tell me."
7 In a pieceby S.J.Perelman,Rossnoticedan
allusionto "the woman taken in adultery." He
wrote in the margin, "What woman? Hasn't
been previouslymentioned."

8 For years Harold Ross had The Nai

Yorker'scover-design
character,EustaceTil- I
l.y, listedin the Manhatrantelephonebook.f
He was delightedwhen the city aurhoritiesf
eventuallysent this imaginaryfigure a per-{
sonal-property
tax bill.
i
9 Ross'sturnout was never very smart. After
a winter sports holiday in Connecticut with
Franklin P. Adams,someoneaskedRoss'shost
what Ross had looked like tobogganing.
"'Well, you know what Ross looks like not tobogganing," said Adams.
10 Hemingway's Death in the Afternoon was
reviewed for The l,trewYorker by critic Robert
M. Coates.After he had read the review, Ross
telephoned Coates in the country and said,
"'Woollcott tellsme there'sa hell of abad word
in the book - bathroom stuff." Coates asked
what the word was. "l can't tell you over the
phoner" said Ross.
(PeterDe Vries tellsthe story of Rossar an
ll
art meeting during which sketches were selected for possible inclusion in The New
Yorker.)
"The cover on the board showed a Model T
driving along a dusty country road, and Ross
turned his sharpshootingeyeon it for afull two
minutes. 'Take this down, Miss Terry,' he said.
'Better
dust.' "

479
12 Many of Ross'sNelz Yorkerwriterswere
lured away to Hollywood. \(/hen John
McNulty headedwest,Rossbadehim farewell
as"a memorable
with what Thurberdescribes
tagline":"'Well,God blessyou,McNulty, goddamnit."
SeealsoJeuns THunnER1,0.
13 A rivalcartoonistoncegrumbledto Ross,
"Why do you reject my drawingsand print
stuff by that fifth-rateaftist, Thurber?"
"Third -rater"correctedRoss.
ll,l935,King EdwardVIII
14 On December
of GreatBritainbroadcastto the world hishisAt
toric "the womanI love" abdicationspeech.
a cocktail party in New York, the polished
Nol Coward and the unbuttoned Harold
Rossburstinto
Rosslistenedto the broadcast.
uncontrollablelaughter.Coward,an Establishment man to his fingertipt,was shocked,and
reprovedRoss for this unseemlyexhibition.
Rosswould havenone of it. "You meanr"he
saidincredulously,"the king of Englandruns
awaywith an old Americanhooker and that
ain't funny?"
{Ross'syouthful puritanism- seeRoss
1 - seemsto havemellowedsomewhat
with age.)
Ar, '.6
ROSSETTI, DanteGabriel(182S-82),British
i ioinedwith
painterand poet.ln 1848Rosseff
Holman
Hunt,
William
Millais,
Euerett
]ohn
Brotherand othersto found thePre-Raphaelite
hoodand editeditsiounnal,The Germ (185051),in wbicb someof his bestpoems,including
"The BlessedDamozel," were published.He
married(1850)ElizabethSiddal,the modelfor
many of his paintingson medieualor religious
subiects.
I Rossettiannouncedthat he wantedto-.buy
an elephant,and,when his friendsasked'what
on earthfor, he replied,"So L.sdfrteachit to
\ilfhenthey
washthe windows of r-ny-h6use."
still seemedpuzzlefo{teadded,"Then everyone would sta#'and say, 'That elephantis
washingjF'windows of the housein which
lives E{nte GabrielRossetti,the famousart1.9't.}t'
' 2 \il7henRossetti'sbeautifulwife, Elizabeth
Siddal, killed herself with an overdoseof

ROSSINI

laudanum in 1,862,just two years after their

marriage, Rossetti's grief was ovenvhelming.
Most of his poems had been written for her or
to her. At her burial he wrapped the little book
containing the unique copiesof thesepoems in
her long golden hair and consignedthem to the
grave with her. As the years passed,Rossetti
beganto think with regret of the poems that he
had lost, concluding that it was pointless to
leavesome of the finestworks he had produced
to molder in the grave with the dead. After
much businessto obtain permission,the grave
was opened and the book retrieved. Its con-

tents,with a few additions,werepublishedin ,'

1870underthe titl e Poems,and the book wxs;'
immediatelysuccessful.
3 The negotiationson behalf of the Livefpool art gall.ry to buy Rossetti'sgreatpicture
Dante'sDream seemedlikely to be abortive
when Rossetddiscoveredthat oF of the inter-

had
mediarieswas a critic who bd'considered
insultedhim. A third pa#{, calledin to make
peace, succeededin -gonvincing Rossetti that
the man was "quyfrgood fellow at bottom."
Rossetti obsendd afterward, "I did not mencamehere he had better take care
tion that if."h:e
that the'placeat which he was a good fellow did

)?.rf.et

kicked"'
A.' 4

ROSSINI, GioacchinoAntonio (1792-1868),

Italian composer.He wasan outstandinglysuc'
cessfulcomposerof operas,many still in the
The ItalianGirl in
repertoire:Tancredi(1.8L3),
Algiers(1813),The Barberof Seville(1816),
The ThievingMagpie(1817),andWilliamTell
his
(1529).TonrrredosRossinicommemorates
as a cook.
inuentiueness
1 JacquesFrancoisHalvy,anotherpopular
composer,wasdrivennearlyto distractionby
an organ-grinderwho had stationedhimself
outsidehis window andwasbusygrindingout
the hit tunesfrom his rival'sBarberof Seuille.
Haldvywent out and saidto the man, "I will
giveyou one louis d'or if you will go to Rossini'slodgingsandplayoneof my tunesoutside
smiled."But,
his window." The organ-grinder
monsieur,M. Rossinihas paid me two louis
d'or to play his musicoutsideyour window."
2 In a Parismusicstorein 1856Rossiniencounteredthe celebratedmusic thcorist and

ROSSINI

scholar Francois-JosephFtis. On the counter

was displayed Feti s'sTreatise on Counterpoint
and Fugue."Must all this be learned?"inquired
Rossini,gesturingtoward the volume. "No t at
all," replied Fetis. "You yourself arethe living
proof to the contra ry."
3 Rossini congratulated the diva Adelina
Patti on her singing. "Madame, I have cried
only twice in my life," he informed her, "once
when I dropped a wing of truffled chicken inro
Lake Como, and once when for the first time I
heard you sing."
4 A singer gave a rendering of Rossini's
famous arra "Una uoce," embellished with
many showy fioriture. Vlhen she had finished,
Rossini courteously congratulated her upon
her technique."And whose is the music?" he
asked.
5 Rossini, who usually marked errors in his
pupil's compositions with crosses,returned a
manuscript to a mediocre student with very
few crosses on it. The young man was delighted. "l'm so pleasedthere are so few mistakes," he said happily. "If I had marked all the
blunders in the music with crosses,your score
would havelooked like a cemeteryr"said Rossini.
6 After a particularly excellent meal, Rossini's hostessturned to him and said he had
done her a greathonor by acceptingher invitation. She hoped he would dine with her again
soon. "Right awayr" said Rossini enthusiastically.

{ 7 An oboist in an orchestrathat Rossini was

conducting played an F-shatp instead of an F.

Rossinicorrectedhim, then added consolingly,
"In regardto the F-sharp,don't worry about it;
we'll find some other place to fit it in."
8 Rossini attended a concert rhat included a
set of variationson an afiafrom his own Moses
in Egypt, played on musical glassesfilled with
water to various levelsto sound the right pitch.
After the tenth variatiotr, Rossini's companion
suggestedthat they walk out. "Not until this
gentleman has finished washing Moses,"
replied Rossini.

480
9 One d^y a composer unknown to Rossini
brought him the scoresof two oratorios, seeking his opinion. Rossinitried to excusehimself,
citing poor health. But the composerinsisted,
statingthat he would return in a week for Rossini's judgment. He did so, finding Rossini in
his armchair, sereneand smiling, but quick to
saythat he had beenso ill and had slept so little
that he had been able to examineonly one of
the scores."And what did you think of it?" was
the eagerquestion. "There are good things in
it
but I prefer the other one."
10 I7hen Rossini was old and eminent but
still not rich, a group of his admirers raised a
subscription of twenty thousand francs for a
statueto their hero.
"Give me the twenty thousatrd," said Rossini, "and I'll stand on the pedestalmyself."
As' a8
ROTHSCHILD,
Sir Nathan Meyer, 1sr
Baron (1840-1915), member of the London
branch of the famous family of ] ewish financiers. He was A member of Parliament (155585)and the first ] ew to be admitted to the House
of Lords (LSSS).
1 Alighting from a hansom cab one evening,
Lord Rothschild gavethe driver what he felt to
be an adequate tip. "Your lordship" son
always gives me a good deal more than rhis,"
said the driver, eyeingthe money disdainfully.
"l daresayhe does," retorted Lord Rothschild.
"But then, you see,he has got a rich father: I
haven't."
As' q8
ROUTH, Martin (1755-1854),British Academic, president of Magdalen College, Oxford,
for sixty-threeyears (179 1-1854).
1 The ups and downs of collegelife had little
effect on the Venerable Dr. Routh, as he was
generallycalled. A breathlessdon once stumbled into the president's room, gasping, "A
Fellow of this college has killed himself!" Dr.
Routh held up a calming hand. "Pray don't tell
me who," he is reported to have said. "Allow
me to guess."
2 An admirer asked Dr. Routh for a precept
that could seffe as a rule of life to an aspiring
young man. The president thought for a

481
moment and then said, "I think, sir, sinceyou
come for the adviceof an old man, sir, you will
find it a very good practice always to uerify
your references!"
3 Routh sufferedan injury that troubled him
for along time; it was causedwhen he reached
up for a weighty volume on a high shelf and the
book fell, striking his left l.g. The elderly
was incensed."To be lamed by book
scholar
I1
"
written by a dunce!" he cried. "A worthless
i
volume! A worthless volume!"
4., 48
I

ROWLAND, Henry Augustus (1848- 190L),

US physicist, professor of physics at Johns
Hopkins Uniuersity (1575-1.901).He laid the
foundation for modern spectroscopy.
I Professor Rowland was summoned as an
expert witness at a trial. During cross-examination a lawyer demanded,"'What are your qualifications as an expert witness in this case?"
"l am the greatestliving expert on the subiect under discussion," replied the professor
quietly.
Later a friend, well acquainted with the professor's modest and retiring disposition, observed that he had been amazedto hear him
praisehimself in this way; it was completely out
of character. Rowland asked, "Well, what did
you expect me to do? I was under oath."
{This anecdote is also told of others.}
Al, ..S
Anton (L829-94), Russian
RUBINSTEIN,
pianist and composer. He wrote numerous
works for the piano, as well as operas and orchestral works. His concerts were acclaimed
throughout Europe. In 1852 he founded the St.
PetersburgC onsentatoire.
4 The telephone rang at abad time while the
rfraestrowas practicing. His seryant, Frangois,
fnswered the phone. It was a feminine voice
/tenderly asking to speak with Rubinstein. Al/though the sounds of the piano were clearly
'audible,
Francoisassuredthe lady that Rubin|tein was not in. "But I hear him playingr" she
paid. "You arc mistaken, madamer" replied
Frangois. "l'm dusting the piano keys."

Anton Rubinsteinliked to sleeplatein the

I fZ
Iv 1I mornings,often missingearlyappointmentsas

RUGGLES

a result.Mme Rubinsteinworkedout a ruseto

get him out of bed. Shewould play an unresolvedchord on the piano upsrairs,and her
husband,
who couldnot bearunresolved
dissonances,would run up in his nightshirtto resolveit into a perfecttriad.While he did this,
Mme Rubinsteinwould sneakdownstairsand
removethe bedclothesto preventhim from
returningto bed.
{If this is apocryphal,it is nonetheless
characteristic
of Rubinstein.)
Ar, 48
RUBINSTEIN, Arthur (1885-1982),Polishbornpianist,who becameaUS citizenin 1946.
His interpretationof ChoPin was the foundation of his internationalreputation.
1 (Clifton Fadimanrecallsa lunch with Rubinstein.)
'o'We. . awaited him in the restaurant.
He entered, his stride thirty-five years his
junior,satdown at the table,ordereddrinksin
he speakshe
Italian (from the eightlanguages
selectsoneasan ordinarymanwould a tie),and
startedto apologize:'So sorry to be late.For
two hoursI havebeenat my lawyer's,making
of a 1
this business
\)(rhata nuisance,
a testament.
one ar- |
testament.One figures,one schemes,
ranges,and in the end- what?It is practicallyI
impossibleto leaveanythingfor yourself!"' I
2 Rubinsteinwas standingin the lobby of a
concert hall watching the capacity crowd
streamingin to hear one of his recitals.The
attendantat the box office,thinking that he
hadnot seenthe "SOLD OUT" sign,calledout
to him, "l'm sorry,mister,but we can't seat
you.tt

"May I be seated at the piano?" inquired

Rubinstein meekly.

3 During a radio interviewwith Rubinstein,

the conversationtook a sharpturn awayfrom
music when the interviewersuddenlyasked,
"Mr. Rubinstein,do you believein God?"Rubinsteincalmlyreplied,"No. You see,what I
believein is somethingmuch greater."
Ar, '.8
RUGGLES,Carl (I876-L971),US composer.
I Henry Cowell, visitingRuggl.r at his stu- \
dio, found the composerat his piano playing \

482

RUGGLES

the same chordal agglomerate over and over

I again.
o''What
Eventually Cowell shouted,
on

earth are you doing to that chord?You've been

playingit for at leastan hour." Rugglesshouted
I back, "I'm giving it the test of time."

1{'
I

As' ..6
RUSKIN, John (1819-1900), British critic
and social reformer; SladeProfessorof Fine Arts
at Oxford (1870-84). Ruskin's works, such as
Modern Painters (1843-50), SevenLamps of
Architecture (1849),and The Stonesof Venice
(1851-53), did much to mold Victorian attitudes toward art and architectrtre.In the 1850s
lte becameincreasinglypreoccupied witb social
and economic questions and instigated seueral
practical experiments in the reuiual of smallscale craft industries, such as linen-weat)ing.
I In accordancewith his ideason the dignity
of labor Ruskin encouragedhis Oxford srudents to try their hand ar manual work. He hit
on the scheme of building a road from the
nearby village of Nonh Hinksey ro Oxford to
enable the villagers to reach the rown by a direct route across low-lying and often muddy
fields. Among the undergraduateshe recruited
was- of all people- OscarWilde. They set ro
work with a will under the direction of Ruskin's gardener, but somehow the charms of
manual labor diminished after a while and the
road was never completed. Final comment on
the episodecame from an anonymous resident
of North Hinksey: "I don'r think the young
gentlemendid much harm."
{The line of the road was sdll visible in
the mid-1960s.)

2 In the heydayof his careeras arr critic,

Ruskinusedalwaysto maintainthat it should
in no way affecthis friendshipwirh an arristif
hepannedhiswork. Theartists,of course,saw
mattersin a ratherdifferentlight. "Next time I
meetyou I shallknock you down," oneof his
victims retorted, "but I trust it will make no
differenceto our friendship."
3 Ruskin, tro lover of technologicalprogress,
was asked to comment on the completion of
the British-Indian cable. "'What havewe ro say
to India?" he asked.
Ao, ..6

RUSSELL,BertrandArthur William, 3d Earl

(1872-1970),
His PrinciBritishphilosopher.
(1910-13),writtenwithA. N.
piaMathematica
Whitehead,exploredthe relationshipbetween
puremathematics
andlogic.He campaigned
for
numeroussocial,political, and moral cnuses,
suffering imprisonmentfo, pacifism during
World War I (1915)and for ciuil disobedience
duringthe Campaignfor N uclearD i sarmament
(1961).He won the 1950NobelPrizefor literature.
1 The Americanpublisher\Tilliam Jovanovich in his studentdaysat Harvardoften ateat
a cafeteriathat servedcheap,ratherbad food.
BertrandRussellalsousedto eat ar rhe same
place.One d^y Jovanovich,unableto resrrain
his curiosity,saidto Russell,"Mr. Russell,I
know why I eathere.It is because
I am poor;
but why do you eathere?"Russell
replied,"BecauseI am neverinterrupted."
2 Russell's
friendG. H. Hatdy,who became
Professor
of puremathematics
at Cambridge
in
193I, once told him that if he could find a
proof that Russellwould die in five minures'
time,he would naturallybe sorryto losehim,
but the sorrowwould be quiteoutweighedby
pleasure
in the proof. Russell,wisein the ways
of mathematicians,
observed,"l entirelysympathizedwith him andwasnor at all offended."
3 (G. H. Hardy reporrsa nightmareonceexperiencedby BertrandRussell.In his dreamhe
foundhimselfon the rop floor of agrearlibrary
in aboutAD2100.)
"A library assistantwas going around the
shelvescarryingan enormousbucket, taking
down book after book, glancingar them,restoringthem to the shelvesor dumpingthem
into the bucket,At lasthe camero rhreelarge
volumeswhich Russellcouldrecognize
asthe
last survivingcopy of PrincipiaMathematica.
He took downoneof thevolumes,turnedover
a few pages,seemedpuzzledfor a momentby
thecurioussymbolism,
closedthevolume,balancedit in his handsand hesitated. . ."
4 A certain writer had compiled a book that
incorporated, without acknowledgment, a
good many of Russell's ideas. The plagiarist
then approachedRusselland asked him if he
would compose an introduction for the

483

R U S S E L L J, O H N

completed text. Russell's succinct reply:

"Modesty forbids."
5 S7henBertrandRussellrefusedto grantintenriewsaftera seriousillnessin China,in L920,
presscarriedthe newshe
a resentfulJapanese
haddied.EvenwhenRussellappealed
to them,
they refusedto retract the story. On his way
homehe stoppedin Japan,and the pressagain
soughtto interviewhim. By way of reprisalhe
hadhissecretaryhandout printedslipsto each
reporter.The slipsread:"SinceMr. Russellis
deadhe cannotbe interoiewed."
(Reportsof prematuredeatharenot uncomm

6 Russellwasonceaskedwhetherhe would
be preparedto die for his beliefs."Of course
notr" he replied.t'After all, I may be wrong."
oncefound the
7 A youngfriendof Russell's
philosopherin a stateof profoundcontemplation. "\ilflhy so meditative?"askedthe young
man. "BecauseI've madean odd discovetyr"
repliedRussell."Everytime I talk to a savantI
feel quite sure that happinessis no longer a
possibility.Yet when I talk with my gardener,
I'm convincedof the opposite."

Ar' e8
RUSSELL, Bill (L934- ), US basketball
player.A greatstar,heled the Uniuersityof San
Francisco to two national collegiatetitles in
and the BostonCelticsto eleuen
threeseAsons
nationalprofessionaltitles in thirteenselsons.
As a coach,be guided the Celticsto two more
crowns.
I Russellwas a tall center famous for his unselfish team play. Off court he became well
known for his philosophy of life. To an attractive young lady he met at aparty he said, "You
can get anything you want in life if you are
willing to give up enough to get it."
"I want a lot of motreyr" replied the girl,
"but I come from a poor family, I have little
education, and I have no specialtalents."
"You could become a prostitute."
"That's a terrible thing to say to someone
you just met and don't know. I would neverdo
such a thing.'o
"I didn't meanto insult your" saidRussell."I
was just proving my point. You're a pretty lady.

You could become a high-priced prostitute if

you wanted money badly enough.App"rently,
you don't want it enough to give up your virtue. But, if you wanted money badly enough,
and were willing to give up something that's
precious to you, you could get it."

2 Russelland \7ilt Chamberlainwere both

defensivestarsin the 1960s.Russell'steams
took eleventitles while \7ilt's won only two.
Chamberlain, however, received the first
contractin basketball.
When
$100,000-a-year
Russellwas offereda similardeal,he insisted
on a contractcallingfor $100,001.Needling
hisarch-rival,Russellremarked,"Poor Wilt alwaysa dollar short and a basketlate."
&r' 4S
RUSSELL, George William (1,857-1935),
lrish poet who wrote under the pseudonym
"AE.'; His ptay Deirdre(1902)wis largelyinstrumentalin the formation of the lrish National Theatre.His poetrydrawson a mystical
senseof theancientwisdomin lrish folkloreand
history.
I The Americandramaticcritic GeorgeJean
Nathanwasonceat aDublingatheringof literary figures.A disputearosein the courseof
whichRussell,crimsonwith indignation,stood
up and poundedthe table.Nathan remarked,
"AE's Irish rose."
2 When AE wasin Hamburg,he wasoffered
'oI
a drink. o'No,thankyour" he said. wasborn
intoxicated."
Ary 48
RUSSELL,John,lst Earl (1792-187S),British
primeminister(1846-52, 7855-56).
statesman;
A lifelong Whig, Russellwas instramental in
draftingthe 1832Reform Bill and in 1"835,as
homesecretary(1535-39),u)asresponsible
fo,
introducing the Municipal Reform Act. His
characteras a politician was admirably describedby SydneySmith: "He would perform
the operationfor the stane,build St.Peter's,or
assume- with or without ten minutes'notice
-the commandof the Channelfleet,and no
one uould discouerby bis mannerthat the patient had died, the church tumbleddown, and
the Channelfleethad beenknockedto atoms."

484

R U S S E L L ,J O H N

I During a fiery debate,the Tory Sir Francis

Burdett objected to somesentimentsfrom the
other side that he called "the cant of patriotism." Russellimmediatelyretorted, "There is
something worse than the cant of patriotism;
that is the recant of patriotism."
2 Russell was telling a friend about a party
and how he had left the Duchessof Inverness
and gone to talk to the Duchessof Sutherland
becausethe Duchessof Invernesshad beensitting very close to the fire and it had been intolerably hot. "l hope you told the Duchessof
Inverness why you abandoned her," commented his friend. Russellreflected,then said,
"No - but I did tell the Duchessof Sutherland."

3 Asked his opinion as to what would be the

proper punishment for bigamy, Russell
promptly answered,"Two mothers-in-la\ry."
A.* q8
RUTH, George Herman ["Babe"] (1S951948),US baseballplayer. In 1927 he hit sixty
home runs - a record unbroken until 1961.
I During the DepressionBabeRuth, askedto
take a cut in salary,held out for his $80,000
contract. A club official protested, "But that's
more money than Hoover gor for beingpresident last year."
"l know," said the Babe,"but I had a better
year."
2 Babe Ruth was enormously popular, a
larger-than-life-sizefigure in many respecrs,
given to overeating and overdrinking. The
most notorious occasionwas in the courseof
preseasontraining when, on a railroad ride to
New York, the Babegot off at a train srop and
consumed an estimated twelve hot dogs and
eight bottles of lemon-lime soda pop in a few
minutes. Soon afterward he was stricken with
"the stomachacheheard 'round the world."
(Lesspublicizedwere rumors that he had contributed to his miserywith the consumption of
large amounts of beer and booze.) For days
ominous headlines had his fans across the
country fearingfor his life. Recovering,Ruth is
reported to have said, "That soda pop will get
you every time."

3 Babe Ruth loved kids. On one occasion

when the family of a fan of the Babe's,a youngster who was seriously ill in the hospital, requestedan autographed baseballfor the boy,
the Babe went along to the hospital himself
gavehim the basebil, and promised to hit j
home run for him in the game that afternoorl.
Sure enough, the Babe came through with the
home run. The lad recoveredand Babe Ruth
observed,"Best medicinein the world, a home
run.tt

4 "Grantland Rice, the prince of sportswriters, used to do a weekly radio intenriew

with some sporting figure. Frequently, in the
interest of spontaneity, he would type out
questions and answersin advance.One night
his guestwas Babe Ruth.
" '\Well,you know, Grannyr'the Babereadin
responseto a question, 'Duke Ellington said
the Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing
fieldsof Elkton.'
" 'Baber' Granny said after the show, 'Duke
Ellington for the Duke of Wellingron I can
understand.But how did you everreadEton as
Elkton? That's in Maryland, isn't it?'
"'l married my firsr wife there,' Babe said,
'and
I alwayshated the goddamn place."'
t
5 Ruth once sufferedthe humiliarion of hav{
ing the great Walter Johnson of the Washing-I
ton Senatorsthrow three straightfastballspasr
him. He askedthe umpire if he had seenany of
the pitches. "No," replied the umpire. "Neither did I," said Ruth, "but that last one
soundedkinda high to me."
As' q8
RUTHERFORD, Ernest, lst Baron (18711937), British physicist, born in New Zealand.
He beld professorshipsat Montreal (15951907),Manchester(1907-19), and Cambridge,
where he was also director of the Cauendish
Laboratory 0919-37). He rcceiuedthe 1908
Nobel Prize for chemistry.
1 Rutherford's work and repuration made
the CavendishLaboratory the M eccafor experimental physicistsfrom all over the world.
As successfollowed success,someone obsenredto Rutherford that he was alwaysat the
crest of the wave. "'Well, after all, I made the
wave, didn't I?" said Rutherford.

&s, S qi
Eero (1910-61), Finnish archi-

the careersof a number of younger writers in the

French Romantic mouement.

I Saarinen,an exceptionally slow talker, was

beinginterviewedfor a televisionprogram.The
allotted time was rapidly running out, and the
anxious interviewerventured to ask Saarinenif
he could speak just a little faster. "No, sir,"
replied the architect, casually lighting up his
pipe. "Butr" he continued, more slowly than
ever,"I could say less."

I Although himself unpugnacious, SainteBeuvewas once compelled to fight a duel with

pistols.At the critical moment, just asthe order
to fire was about to be given, it started to rain.
Sainte-Beuvecalled for a pausein the proceedings while he went to his carriageand fetched
and opened alargeumbrella. He then faced his
opponent with the umbrella held in his left
hand and the pistol in his right. The opponent
protested at this derogation of the dignity of
the occasion. "I don't mind being killed,"
Sainte-Beuveresponded,"but I do mind getting wet."
{In the event neither happened.}
Ar, '.8

SAARINEN,
tect.

As' 48
SACKVILLE-WEST, Edward Charles, Sth
Baron (1901-65), British writer and critic.
I Sackville-\7estinherited the vasthouseand
estate of Knole in Kent from his cousin, and
this seemsto have put him somewhat out of
touch with how less fortunate mortals exist.
Told that a certain person owned a dog, he
exclaimed, "But how can he? He hasn't got a
park to exerciseit in."

SAINT-SAiINS, [Charles] Camille (1835I92I), French composer, best known fo, his
Third Symphony concertosin G minor and C
minor, and the opera Samsonet Dalila.

Ast "'8
SAGE, Russell(181'6-1"905),USfinancier. He
left his large fortune to be distributed in benefactions by his wife, who set up the RussellSage
Foundation (1907) to improue social and liuing
conditions in the United-llates.
I Sage'slawyer was delighted by the casehis
client had just laid before him. "It's an ironclad
caser" he exclaimed with confidence. "'We
can't possibly lose!"
"Then we won't suer" said Sage."That was
my opponent's side of the caseI gaveyou."

4., ".8
SAINTE-BEUVE, CharlesAugustin(180469),Frenchcritic and literaryhistorian,whose
prosestylewAsgreatlyadmiredand emulated.
His influenceasa critic enabledhim to promote

I Sir Thomas Beechamconducted a conceft

in London given in honor of Saint-Sans,for
which the principal piece was Saint-Sans's
Third Symphony. Beechamfound the tempi in
the symphony depressingly slow; so did the
players, 8s they made clear by the way they
played in rehearsal. Nor was the situation
presence.
helped by Saint-Sans's
Beecham finally exaggeratedthe accentuation on purpose to give a semblanceof life to
the musicwithout actuallyspeedingit up. Later
he asked Saint-Sanswhat he thought of the
interpretation. The aged composer replied,
"My dear young friend, I have lived a long
while, and I have known all the chefs d'orchestre. There are two kinds; one takes the
music too fast, and the other too slow. There is
no third."

486

SALINGER

In the 1930s,General Somervellwas administering the \ilfPA and was confronted with a "sit-down" strike. Union
members took over space in a public
building and would not leave.
The police had tried to end the strike
without much success.This time Somervell simply locked all the building's
bathrooms and left with the keys. The
strike was over in six hours.

- RalphL. Marquard,
Jokesand Anecdotes
for All Occasions

SALINGER, J. D. (1,91,9- ), US writer who

achieuedalmost ouernight fame with his nouel
The Catcher in the Rye (1951).The hero, Holden Caulfield, epitomized the dissatisfaction of
'War
post-World
II adolescents by making a
'stand
against what he called the "p'hony" adult
world.

SALK, Jonas E. (1914- ), US uirologist who

in 1954 deuelopedtbe first effectiueantipolio
uaccine.
1 Salk worked hard to publicize his discoveW, although he receivedno money from the
saleof it. Someoneonce askedhim who owned
the patent. He replied, "The people- could
you patent the sun?"
A$, a8
SANDBURG, Carl (1878-1967), US poet,
nouelist,and biographer.He is best known for
his multiuolume biography of Abraham Lincoln
and The People, Yes (1936), a free-uersecelebration of democracy.
I A young dramatist,anxious for Sandburg's
opinion of his new seriousplay, askedthe poet
to attend the dress rehearsal.Sandburg slept
'When
throughout the performance.
the dramatist complained, saying that Sandburghad
known how much he wanted his opinion,
Sandburgreplied, "Sleep is an opinion."
A.* q8

I When The Catcher inthe Ryewas chosenas

the main selection of the Book-of-the-Month
Club in 1,951,,the president of the club expressedanxiety over the book's somewhatambiguous title. Asked if he would consider a
change,Salingersimply replied,"Holden Caulfield wouldn't like that." The suggestionwas
not revived.
A$ '.8
SALISBURY, Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3d Marquess of (1830-1903),
British stAtesmAn,secretary for India (185557, 1874-7 8), Disraeli's foreign secretary
(1878), and three times Consentatiue prime
minister (1885-92, 1895-1900, 1900-02).He
was the chief architect of Britain's isolationist
policy at the end of the nineteenth century.
I In 1895, Salisbury made the undistinguished poet Alfred Austin Poet Laureate. It
was widely believed that the decision was
basedon Austin's political leaningsrather than
on his talent. Asked why he had chosena poet
of such inferior ability, Salisbury simply replied, "l don't think anyoneelseappliediot the
post,tt
Al,

48

SANDWICH, John Montagu, 4th Earl of

(I7I8-92), British politician. As First Lord of
tbe Admiralty (1745-51,,1771-82), he was responsible for the unpreparednessof the British
nauy at the outbreak of the American Reuolution. The earl gaue his name to the sandwich,
which he inuented as a snack to sustain him
through long hours of gambling.
L Entertaining at a dinner at which his chaplain was present, the earl brought in a large
baboon dressedin clerical garb to say grace.
The affronted chaplain left the room, pausing
on his way out to obsenre,"l did not know
your lordship had so near a relative in holy
orders.tt
2 Lord Sandwichwas remarkablefor his ungainliness;a contemporary wit said that he
could be reco gnizedfrom afar by the fact that
"he walked down both sidesof the street at
once." He liked to tell the following story:
During a stay in Parishe took dancing lessons.
Bidding farewell to his dancing master, he offered to recommendhim to membersof London society who might be visiting Paris. The
man bowed and saidearnestly,"I would take it
as a particular favor if your lordship would

487

S A R G E N T ,J O H N S T N G E R

never tell anyone of whom you learned to

dance.tt
Seealso TrusreN BnnNARD 7.

genius!"he said."For thirty-sevenyearsI've

practicedfourteenhoursa day,and now they
call me a genius!"

A'' 48

4., ,.8

SANTAYANA, George(1853-1,9
52),
Spanish-bornpbilosopherand poet. He spent
many yearsat Hantard (1889-1911)and at
Oxford. His philosopbyis bestset out in the
four-uolumeRealmsof Being(1927-40).
inheritedhis simpleand unosI I Santayana
i tentatioushabits from his father. Once he
i' xskedthe seniorSantayanawhyhe alwaystraveled third class."Becausethere'sno fourth
class."
{This anecdoteis also told of Albert
Schweitzer.)
2 ,I7hen Santayanacameinto a sizablelegacy,
he was able to relinquish his post on the Harvard faculty. The classroomwas packed for his
fina'l appearance, and Santayana did himself
proud. He was about to conclude his remarks
when he caught sight of a forsythia beginning
to blossom in a patch of muddy snow outside
the window. He stopped abruptly, picked up
his hat, gloves,and walking stick, and made for
the door. There he turned. "Gentlemenr" he
said softly, "I shall not be able to finish that
sentence.I have iust discovered that I have an
appointment with April."
4., {8
SARASATE [y Navascu6sJ,Pablo de (18441908), Spanish uiolinist. He composedA number of works, including Spanish dancesand fontasias, for the uiolin.
I By inviting Sarasateto dinner, his wealthy
hostesshad hoped to obtain a free violin recital
for her guests after the meal. During the course
of dinner she broached the subject, asking Sarasate whether he had brought his violin.
"Mais non, mAdnmq" replied the violinist,
"mon uiolon ne dine pls" (No, madame, ffiy
violin does not dine).
Seealso SrEpHrN CoLLrNs FosrrR 1.
2 In the latter paft of his career, Sarasatereceived a visit from a famous music critic who
acclaimed him as a genius. Sarasateaccepted
the compliment with .little enthusiasm. "A

SARAZEN, Gene(1.902- ), USgolfer,winner of two US Opens and three Professional

Golfers'Associationchampionsbip
s.
I In the early years of professionalgolf
"world championship"matcheswerearranged
betweenthebesttwo golferseachyear.ln1922
Sarazen
won over Walter Hagenwhen he defeatedhim overT2holes- 36 at Oakmondin
Pennsylvania
oned^y and36 at Westchester
in
New York the next d^y. At the end of the first
d"y Sarazen
wasjust two strokesbehind,having beenfour behindat one stageaftermissing
a five-footputt on accountof nerves.On the
cross-countrytrain ride that night Sarazen
complainedof stomachcrampsand could not
sleep,but on the following day,at the sixtyfifth holeof the match,he scoredan eagle(two
underpar)to takea leadhe held to the finish.
Four hours later he underwentan emergency
appendectomy.Commentingon the match
later, he said,"A sick appendixis not as difficult to dealwith asa five-footputt."
6r, ..6
SARGENT, John Singer (1855-1925),US
portrait painter who spentmuch of his life in
Britain and Europe.He excelledat portraitsof
the rich and famous,and alsoproduceda fine
series of watercolorsof World War I landscapes.
I The commissionto paintthe coronationof
EdwardVII went to an artist namedEdwin A.
Abbey.This hugecanvascontainedabout 120
portraits,and Abbeyworked on it from L902
to L904.Oneimportantsitterwasthe Princeof
'Wales,
the future George V. He surprised
Abbey by askinghim about Sargenr's
incoffi,
which apparentlywas much discussed
among
the portraitist'sfriends,of whom the prince
was one. "Do you supposeit's ten thousand
pounds?"guessedthe prince. "I would say
more likely twenty thousand,"repliedAbbey.
The heir apparentwas amazed:"My Godl I
wish I had twenty thousandpoundsa yearl"
2 Sargentdid not take kindly to criticismof
his work by his subjects.tilfhen a woman

488

S A R G E N T ,J O H N S I N G E R

objected to his treatment of the mouth in a

portrait he had done of her, his rejoinder
was: "Perhaps,madam,we'd better leaveit out
altogether."
{sargent suggested"A little something
wrong with the mouth" should be written on his tombstone.)
3 A woman who was paying $5,000 for her
portrait by Sargentsaid that there was something wrong with the nose."Oh, you can easily
put a little thing like that right when you get it
home," said Sargent,handing her the canvas.
4 Sargenthad been commissionedto do a
portrait of Teddy Roosevelt. Determined to
find the right setting, h. and the president
scouredthe X7hite House for a suitablebackdrop. By the end of the secondafternootr,after
trying a successionof posesagainstvarioussettings, Roosevelt had had enough. Pausingat
the bottom of a staircase,his elbow on the
newel post, he turned to the painter and said,
"'W'e'reafter the impossiblelwe'd better give it
up." Sargenttook in at a glancethe president's
pose and exclaimed, "D on't moue, Mr. President! We'ue got it!"
5 Sargentonce found himself sitting beside
an effusive young admirer at a dinner party.
"Oh, Mr. Sargent," she gushed, "l saw your
latest painting and kissed it becauseit was so
much like you."
"And did it kiss you in return?" asked the
artist.
"\7hy, no."
"Then it was not like me," said Sargentwith
a smile.
Ar, 44
SARGENT, Sir Malcolm (1895-1967), British conductor and organist who, ds chief conductor at the London Promenade Concerts
(1957-57), did much to bring classicalmusic
aliue for younger audiences.

child is born." Asking the ladiesto repeat the

'Just
a little more reversection,he requested:
ence,please,and not so much astonishment."
(For Sir Thomas Beecham'spreferences
as a conductor, seeBuECHAM7.)
3 As he was preparingto leavethe Albert Hall
after a concert one evening,Sir Malcolm overheard the following brief exchange bet*een
two young girls:
"How I envy Sir Malcolm."
"You mean his conducting?"
"Oh, flo, not that. I mean his neat little flat
behind."
4 At the ageof seventl, Sargentwas askedby
an interviewer:"To what do you attribute your
advancedage?'?
"Wellr" replied the conductor, "l supposeI
must attribute it to the fact that I haven't died
yet.tt

5 A. P. Herbert visited Sargentin the nursing

home shortly before he died and found him
chuckling over the remark of an earliervisitor,
Bob Boothby. Boothby had told Sir Malcolm
that he had just been preparing a magnificent
obituary for him, to be broadcast over the
BBC: "The only thing is, I don't get anything
until it's delivered."
As, *8
SAROYAN, William (1908-81), US writer.
His works include many short stories,the plays
The Time of Your Life (1939)and The Beautiful People (1941), and a nouel, The Human
Comedy (1943).
I Before his death in 198L, Saroyanphoned
in to the AssociatedPressa final Saroyanesque
observation: "Everybody has got to die, but I
have always believed an exception would be
made in my case.Now what?"
Ar, 48

when.tt

SATIE, Erik (I866-1,925),Frenchcomposerof

songsand piano pieces.His music is notablefor
its humor, its originality, and his eccentric instntctions to potential performers.

2 Conducting a rehearsalof Handel's Messiah, Sargentwas dissatisfiedwith the performance of the female singersin "For unto us a

L Satiewrote the following direction on one

of his piano compositions:"To be playedwith
both hands in the pocket."

| "'What do you have to know to play the

cymbals?"someone once asked Sir Malcolm
Sargent. "Nothingr" was his reply, "just

489

SCHLEIERMACHER

2 Satieattendedthe premiereof Debussy's

I^a Mer, the first paft of which is entitled
"From Dawn to Noon on the Sea."Askedby
the composerwhat he thought of the work,
Satiereplied,"I liked the bit about quarterro

"I'm the writer JosefVictor von Scheffel."

"Indeed.Showme your papers!"
A" 48
SCHICK, Bela (1,577-L967),HungarianAmericanpediatricianand allergist;inuentorof
the Schicktestthat indicateswhethersomeone
is immuneto diphtheria.

eleven.tt

Ar' 4t
SCARRON, Paul (1510-50),Frenchpoet,
playwrigbt, and nouelist.He excelledin burlesquesand comedies,especiallyhis unfinished
Romancomique(1551-57).For twentyyears
he enduredseuereill healthand constantpain.
His wife, Franeoised'Aubigne,later became
Louis XIV's secondwife,

| "ln the fall of 1923 Dr. Bela Schickassumedthe directorshipof the PediatricDepartmentat the Mount SinaiHospital,New York.
From the beginninghe held his grandrounds
and later his conferences
on Thursdays.He
startedpromptlyat 9:30 A.M. no matterhow
smallthe gatheringwas.One morning during
yearsin the thirtiestherewasan
the depression
overflowattendance.
Schickwasdelightedand
commented,'There must be an epidemicof
health.'
"The followingweek when the attendance
'Practiceapparently
fell off, Schickremarked,
is alreadybetter."'
4., ..8

1 Scarrondedicateda collectionof poemsto

his sister'sdog: "A Guillemette,chiennede ma
soetlr."Shortlybeforethe publicationof the
poems,however,Scarronquarreledwith his
sister,and as a resultthe following notice appearedamong the errataof the book: "For
chiennedema soeurlmysister'sbitch]readma
chiennede soeur[my bitch of a sister]."
2 At their marri^gethe notarydrawingup the
contract asked Scarronwhat dowry he intendedto bestowuponhisbeautifulbut pennilessyoungbride."Immortalityr"he replied.
Ary 48
SCHEFFEL,JosefVictor von (1826-85),German writer. His works includethe uersenArra(1854)and
tiue Der Trompetervon Sackingen
(1855).
He was
nouel
Ekkehard
the historical
the
alsoknownfor his Heidelbergstudentsongs,
igitur.
mostfamousof which fs Gaudeamus
1 \fhile Scheffelwas a studentand had alreadyachievedsomeliterary fame,he set out
on a walking trip alongthe right bank of the
Rhine.As the dty was hot, he decidedon a
swim,threw off all his clothes,andplungedin.
The current,however,wasfar strongerthanhe
strugglehe manexpected.After an exhausting
agedto reachshore- but found himselfon the
Ieftbank.Starknaked,he hadno option but to
walk to the nearestinn and appealfor help.It
happenedthat the district military policeman
hadalsostoppedby at theinn.Thelattergrimly
surveyedthehaked,drippingScheffel."'\ilfhere
did you comefrom?"he demanded.
"From the oppositebank,Officer."
"And what'syour name?"

SCHILLINGER, Joseph(1895-L943),Rzssian-bornmusicaltheorist.
i

i1 One of Schillinger's favorite tricks was to

iplaya pieceon the piano and then challengethe
jaudienceto namethe composer.After listeners
suggestedeveryonefrom Palestrinato Bach, he
would reveal, with a broad grin, that he had
based the melody upon the businesscuffe in
the financial section of The New York Times
that showed the fluctuations in wholesale
prices of agricultural produce. This he had
done by assigningmusicalvaluesto the units of
the graph, adding lines of harmony derived
from the Chicago grain market, the Nebraska
corn market, and the Georgia sugarcanemarket to create a musical composition in complete three-part counte{point.
Ar, ..6
Friedrich Daniel
SCHLEIERMACHER,
Ernst (L768-1834), German philosopher and
tbeologian.
| \7hen complimented on the popularity of
his sermons,which drew large audiencesfrom
many walks of life, Schleiermacherexplained,
"My audiences comprise mainly students,
women, and officers. The students come to

490

SCHLEIERMACHER

hearme preach,the women come to look at the

students,and the officerscome to look at the
women.tt

8., 48
Heinrich (1,822-90),GerSCHLIEMANN,
mAn archaeologist As a merchant, he acquired
knowledgt of ten languages and a fortune,
which enabledhim to pursue his childhood uision of prouing the historicity of Homer's Iliad
and Odyssey.Schliemann'sexcauationsat Hissarlik reuealeda sequenceof ancient cities, the
second oldest of wbich he identified with the
brought to
HomericTroy. His later erccauations
light the first remains of Mycenaean ciuilization.
1 "l have looked upon the face of Agamemnon," exulted Schliemann when his excavations in the citadel of Mycenae unearthed ^
gold death mask of a warrior king. Later,
doubts crept in, and his more scientificallyinclined colleaguesalmost persuadedhim that he
had discoveredthe remainsof a generationfar
earlier than the presumed date of Homer's
Agamemnon. Schliemann resisted these suggestionshotly at first, but later came to accept
them philosophically."\iltrh&tr" he said,"this is
not Agamemnon's body and these are not his
ornaments?All right, let's call him Schulze."
(Schulzeis the German equivalentof Smith or
Jones.) After that these remains were always
referredto as "Schulze."
As, e8
SCHNABEL, Artur (1882-19 51), Austrian
pianist, renowned fo, his interpretation of
Beetbouen.
I A piano student came to Schnabelto ask
him if he could study with him. Schnabeltested
him and agreedto take him on asa pupil. "How
much are your lessons?"the student asked.
'oFiveguineas
each."
"l'm afraid I can't afford that."
"I also give lessonsat three guineas- but I
don't recommendthem."
2 In 1,940,Schnabel'sson Stefan,an actor,
was visited by r publicity agent. Toward the
end of the interview sheasked:"Are your parents in America?"
"Yesr" replied Stefan.
"And your father - what does he do?"

"He is Artur Schnabel."

The lady looked bemused. seer"shesaid.
"But what does he do?"
"He's a pianistr" replied Stefan."He played
at CarnegieHall severaltimes this season."
"That's nice," said the agent."I'm alwaysso
glad to hear of a refugeegetting on well.'?
3 An elderly lady in the front row slept right
through one of Schnabel'sconcerts, waking
with a start as the final ovation rang around the
auditorium. Schnabelleanedacrossto apologrze,"lt was the applause,madamer" he whispered. "l played as softly as I could."
8s' 'ta
SCHODL, Max (1834-192I), Austrian stilllife painter.
7 Schodl was noted for his absentmindedness."'Where to?" asked the driver of a horsecab that the painter had hailed. Schodl
reflected."Number sixr" he said. "I'll tell you
the street later on."
A$.' a8
SCHOLL, Aurlien (1833-1,902),notorious
Belle Epoque boulevardier, iournalist, and
amorist.
I Scholl, for some reason known only to
himself, on severaloccasionscut his friend Catulle Mendds, the novelist and playwright.
Mendes decidedthat this kind of behaviorwas
unacceptable.Finding Scholl sitting at a table
in Tortoni's one afternootr, Mendds strode up
to him and pointed an accusingfinger at him,
shouting,"BONJOUR!" at the top of his voice.
Schollstudiedthe fingerfor a time, adjustedhis
monocle, then smiled and asked politely,
"'Where would you like me to put it, monsieur?"
2 "One challengerof Scholl'swasa bankerof
rather shady reputation who, on certain occasions,had carriedout a number of dealswhich
had all but landed him in prison. Angered by
some insinuating remarks Scholl had written
about him in his newspaper,the banker burst
into Tortoni's and challengedSchollto a duel.
Scholl,as alwaysadjustinghis monocle, stared
coolly up at the man and asked, 'You really
want to fight?'

491.

SCHOPENHAUER

"'Oui, monsieur!'roared the banker.

"scholl shrugged.'Bon,' he said. 'I daresay
that when we arrive on the grounds they'll remove your handcuffs."'
3 "He eventually married the daughter of a
rich London brew er,a far from felicitous marriage which in no way interfered with his successful pursuit of other women. His witty
approach had an individuality of its own.
When one little married woman, wanting to
give way yet struggling with her conscience,
pleaded piteously, 'Let me be for a time, ffiy
friend! Let me retire into myself,' Schollreplied
'Allow
with gallant ardor:
ffi, madame, to accompany you."'
6s, e4
SCHONBEIN, Christian Friedrich (17991858),German-Swisschemistand professorat
the Uniuersity of Basel. Discot)ererof ozone, he
was also a noted inuentor.
,il In 1845 Schonbeinwas carrying our an experiment with a mixture of sulfuric and nitric
acid in the kitchen of his home. This was a
practice expresslyforbidden by his wife, who
had banned the professorfrom her kitchen. In
her absencehe becameso absorbed in his experiment that he spilled a little of the dangerous mixture on her kitchen table. Aware that
his disobediencemight be disclosedby per" the
manentstain on the woodwork, he grabbed
first thing at hand, his wife's cotton apron, and
mopped up the offending liquid. He then hung
it before the fire so that it would be dry before
his wife returned. The resulting explosion,
causedby the nitration of the cellulosein the
cotton, eventually enabled the browbeaten
chemist to invent, market, and exploit the
smokelessgunpowder that becameknown as
guncotton.
A$, e8
SCHONBERG, Arnold (I874-I95L), Austrian composer, pioneer of atonality, the socalled twelue-tonesystem. His compositions include the tone poem Pelleas and Melisande
(1903), the song cycle Pierrot lunaire (1912),
operas, chamber music, and otber choral and
orchestralworks.
I Schonbergwas strolling through the streets
of his home town with a visiting friend one d^y,

nodding graciously at the respectful greetings

from the local people, many of them young
boys. His friend was impressedand not a little
surprised. "You really are famousr" he remarked. "Even the children know you."
"That is quite true," remarked Schonberg
with a smile."You see,my son is a halfback on
the high-school football team."
2 (The pianist Artur Schnabelin the course
of alecturetold this story about the composers
Schonbergand Stravinsky.)
"You may find this hard to believe,but Igor
Stravinskyhas actually published in the papers
the statement, 'Music to be great must be
completely cold and unemotional'! And last
Sunday, I was having breakfast with Arnold
Schonbrg,and I saidto him,'Can you imagine
that Stravinsky actually made the statement
that music to be great must be cold and
unemotional?' At this, SchOnberggot furious
'I
and said, said that first!"'
A+ 48
SCHOPENHAUER, Arthur (1788-1850),
German philosopber who deueloped seueral
aspectsof Kantian theory. He ftlt the human
willto bea profoundly distortingand corrupting
force, a uiew that underlay his deep pessimism.
1 Visiting a greenhousein Dresden, Schopenhauer becameabsorbed in contemplation
of one of the plants. His eccentric gestures
drew the attention of the attendant. "'Who are
you?" he asked. Schopenhauerlooked at him
o'If you
for some moments, then said slowly,
could only answerthat question for ID,I'd be
eternally grateful."
\ 2 Schopenhauer,living in lodgings at Frankfurt for the last yearsof his life, used to take his
meals at an inn frequented by English military
, prsonnel. At the start of each meal he would
:' place a gold coin on the table in front of him.
At the end of the meal he would drop the coin
back in his pocket. A waiter, who had been
, eyeingthe coin with interest,askedhim why he
did this. Schopenhauerexplained that he had a
little wager with himself every day: he would
drop the coin into the poor box on the first
I occasion that the English officers talked of
, znlthing other than horses,dogs, or women.
A.' 48

492

SCHUMANN-HEINK

"Max Schling, New York florist, ran an

advertisement in The New York Times
entirely in shorthand. A lot of businessmen cut it out and, out of curiosity,
askedtheir secretariesto translateit. The
ad asked secretariesto think of Schling
when the boss wanted flowers for his
wife."

-Jacob M. Braude,
Speaker'sand
Toastmaster'sHandbook

Ernestine (1861SCHUMANN-HEINK,
uas a noted interShe
contralto.
1936)rGerman
preter of Wagnerian roles.
I Schumann-Heinkwas an unashamedgourmand. Enrico Caruso, another lover of good
food in quantity, entered the restaurant at
which shewas dining. Seeingher about to begin
on a vast steak, he said, "Stina, surely you are
not going to eat that alone?" "No, tro, not
aloner" replied the lady, "mit potatoes."
{Told of others.}

remarked:"Thingsmust be reallybad whena

greatWagneriancontraltois forcedto do tencent shows.tt

"Young man," said Ernestinereprovingly,

"how cantimesbe badwhenchildrencanhear
for a dime?"
Schumann-Heink
As' "4
SCHWARTZ, Maurice(1890-19 54),Polishbornactorand theaterdirector,who cameto the
UnitedStatesin 1,901and foundedthe Yiddish
Art Theater(1918).
1 Schwartzwas frequentlyaccusedof monopolizingall the best roles.A friend of his
"On occasionMr.
hotly deniedtheallegations.
with theleadSchwartzhasbeenverygenerous
ing partsr"he said."Take, for example,his recent production of the BrothersAshkenazi.
Did he play both brothers?"
Ar, 48
SCHWARZENBERG, Felix,Prince(1800and diplomAt.A ruth52),AustrianstatesmAn
policyin the
Iessreactioftdr!:he masterminded
(1848years
reign
of
Francis
oseph's
first four
J
tlte emperor'spower through
52),strengthened
the 1849constitution,and foiled Prussia'sAtof Austrianweakness.
tempt to takeaduantage

2 When Mme Schumann-Heinkappearedas

the witch in Hansel and Gretel, her children,
watching from the auditorium, were appalled
at her fate at the end of the opera. "Mother!
Mother!" her little boy screamedas she was
pushed into the oven. A few minutes later she
was back on the stage for her curtain calls.
"There she is!" he cried out in relief. "There's
Mother! They didn't burn her after all!"

I Austriawas forced to rely on the help of

CzarNicholasI of Russiato crushthe HungarianuprisingagainstAustriandominionin 1,849.
After this had beenachieved,Schwarzenberg
showedno signsin hispolicyof favoringRussia
in any way. Asked whether he did not feel
underan obligationto the czarrSchwarzenberg
replied,"Austriawill astoundthe world with
the magnitudeof her ingratitude."

3 Conditions were rather cramped in the Detroit conceft hall where Schumann-Heink was
to perform. As the portly singer struggled
through the orchestrapit to make her entrance,
music racks crashedto the floor. The conductor looked on in alarm. "sidewoys,madamr" he
whispered urgently, "go sideways."
"Mein Gott!" cried the singer in reply. "I
haff no sideways!"

2 After the quellingof the 1849uprising,it

that it would
to Schwarzenberg
wassuggested
beprudentto showmercytowardthecaptured
Hungarianrebels."Yes,indeed,a good idea,"
he replied,"but first we will havea little hang-

4 In the Depression of the 1930s financial

problems forced Schumann-Heink out of retirement. Despite her age and ill health, she
signed a music-hall contract and took to the
road. A newspaper reporter interoiewing her

ittg."
3 Schwarzenberg'shealth failed quite suddenly when he was still comparativelyyoung. A
doctor calledin to examinehim warned him to
take more rest or he would die of an apoplectic
stroke. "That manner of death has my full
"pprovalr" snappedback the patient.
{He had the death he approved,dropping
dead as he was preparingto go to a ball.)

493
SCHWEITZER, Albert (1,875-1965),
Alsatian-bornmedicalmissioftctr!
t theologian,and
musician.Schweitzerstudiedtheologyand was
principal of thetheologicalfacultyat Strasbourg
beforehe abandonedhis brilliant academiccareerto train Asa medicalmissionary.He had
also gainedan internationalreputationas an
interpreterand studentof Bach'sorganmusic.
From 1913he workedat theiunglehospitalat
I-ambaren|in Gabon,Africa, which he establishedand for many yearssupportedwith the
proceeds
from his books,organrecitals,andlecturesgiuenon uisitsto Europe.In 1952he was
awardedthe NobelPeacePrizefor his work in
Africa.
I The phrase"reverencefor life" aptly sums
philosophy.On a visit to the
up Schweitzer's
UnitedStateshewasimportunedby manyvisitors,a groupof whom interruptedhisdinnerto
try to persuadehim to explainhis ethics.He
talkedpatientlyfor twentyminutes.Oneof the
visitorswantedhim to givea specificexample
said,"Revof "reverencefor life." Schweitzer
erencefor life meansmy answeringyour kind
inquiries; it also means your reverencefor my
dinner hour." Schweitzerwas able to return to
his meal.
2 His doctrine of "reverence for life" was to
be literally obeyed. It accounted for his vegetarianisffi, as well as for his attitude toward all
animals.The American TV star Jack Paar once
visited him at his hospital in Lambarnd.A dog
appeared, chasing a chicken. In French Dr.
Schweitzershouted, "No! No! Remember we
have won the Nobel PeacePrize!"

SCOTT

5 On a train journey in the AmericanMidwest, Schweitzerwas approachedby two

ladies."Havewe the honorof speaking
to ProfessorEinstein?"they asked."No, unfortunatelynotr" repliedSchweitzerr
"though I can
quite understandyour mistake,for he hasthe
samekind of hair as I have." He pausedto
rumplehis hair. "But inside,my headis altogether different. However, he is a very old
friendof mine- would you like meto giveyou
his autograph?"Takinga slipof paperfrom his
pocket he wrore: "Albert Einstein,by way of
his friend,Albert Schweitzer."
Alo ..6

SCIPIO NASICA SERAPIO, PubliusCornelius (fl. 138 BC),Roman politiciAn,elected

consulin 138 nc. Opposedto the reformsimplementedby Tiberius Gracchus,he took part
in his assassination
in 1,33nc.
I Scipio Nasica called on his friend, poet
, Quintus Ennius,only to be told by Ennius's
slavethat his masterwasnot at home.Nasica
caughtsight of the poet disappearing
into a
room at the back of the house.He did not
attemptto contradictthe slave,however,and
left without a word. Sometimelater, Ennius
returnedthevisit."Not at home!"criedNasica
as his friend arrivedat the door. "You can't
expectme to believethat- I recognizeyour
voicer" replied Ennius."'S(/hy,you're a nice
fellowr" retorted Nasica. "I believedyour
slave,and you won't believeme."
{The originalversionof an anecdotethat
has since been attributed to Jonathan
Swift.SeealsoSHrcEnuYosHrDA1..)
Ar, {S

3 Jack Paaralso recallsSchweitzer'sstandard

attire: white pith helmet, white shirt and pants,
black tie. He had worn one hat for forty years,
the tie for twenty. Told that some men owned
dozens of neckties, he remarked, "For one
neck?"
4 (African patients leaving Schweitzer'shospital frequently stole his chamber pots to useas
cooking utensilsin their jungle homes.)Traveling by train in Europe, Schweitzerwas asked by
an inquisitive fellow passengr,"'What do you
do for a living?"
"I supply Gabon with chamberpotsr" he replied.

SCOTT, Sir Walter (7771-1832),Scottish

nouelist.He first achieuedfamewith his poems
on the feudsand louesof the medieualfamilies
's7averley
liuing on theEnglish-Scottishborder.
(1814)establishedhim as a successful
nouelist
and was thefirst in a seriesof historicalnouels.
i f As a boy Scott was always the runner-up in
Jhis class at school. Try as he might, he could
i never displace the fluent, quick-witted, and
j studious boy who stood at the rop of the class.
, One dry Scott, watching his rival speaking in
class,noticed that the lad always fumbled with
a particular button on his vesr while he talked.
Stealthily Scott took a pair of scissorsand

494

SCOTT

snippedoff the button. The next time the master called upon the boy to answer a question,
he stood up and beganto speak,feelingfor the
, button. Failing to find it, he was so discon, certed that he stuttered and fell silent. Scott
seizedhis opportunity, answeredthe question,
and displaced his rival from the head of the
class,a position he maintained thereafrer.
2 Walking around the Abbotsford esrarein
spring, Sir S7alterand Lady Scott passeda field
full of gamboling lambs. "No wonder," said
Scott, "that poets from the earliesttimes have
made lambs the symbols of peace and innocence.tt
"Delightful creatures indeed," Lady Scott
assented,"especiallywith mint sauce."
3 Scott gleanedmany of the anecdotesand
traditional stories used in his novels from an
old Scottish lady, Mrs. Murray Keith. At the
height of the speculationabout the authorship
of Wauerley,Mrs. Keith challengedScott with
being "the Great Unknown" and refused to
accept his customary denial. "D'y. think I
dinna ken my ain groatsamong other folks'kail
[brothJ?" she exclaimed.
4 Scott's young son was ignorant of his father's fame asa novelist,but loved and admired
him for reasonscloser to a boy's heart. Once
when he was in his teenshe was in the company
of some older people who were discussing
Scott's genius."Ayar" put in young Scott, "it's
commonly him is first to seethe hare."
5 \Tilliam Wordsworth once declaredin the
course of conversationthat he had "the greatest contempt for Aristotle."
"But not, I take itr" remarked Scott, "that
contempt which familiarity breeds."
6 When Scott was declared bankrupt in
"1.826,
his friends rallied around with offers of
money. Scott declined their assistance,saying,
"No, this right hand shall work it all off." This
promisehe kept, although the incessantwriting
ruined his health,and he dictatedhis last works
from his deathbed while sufferinggreat pain.

&., -t
US
SCRIPPS,Edward Wyllis (1854-1,926),
newspaperproprietor.

1 "[A woman] who had been his mistressin

Detroit came to his office in Cincinnati where
he was just getting a good start with the Pos/
and tried to blackmail him. He summoned the
city editor and directed him to call up the two
rival papers and tell them to send over reporters. When the reporters arrived, he introduced his visitor.
"'Miss Brownr' he said, 'used to live with
me as my mistress.She was paid for what she
did and we parted on good terms.Shehascome
here today threatening to revive that story and
askingfor money. You areatliberty to print the
story. As far as I am concerned,the incident is
closed.'
"The story was run with big headlines,and
to the surprise of everybody, it did no harm
either to the circulation of the paper or the
standing of its editor."
F',cE
SEBASTIANO DEL PIOMBO, Fra (?1485L547), Italian painter. He collaborated with
Raphael in the decoration of the Farnesina,and
also becamea sought-afterportraitist. In 1.531
he was appointed keeper of the papal seals
(piombi), from which he took his nicknAme.
1 In later life Sebastianoceasedpainting and
was censuredfor his idlenessby certain busybodies.He rebutted such criticism by pointing
out, "There are now men of geniuswho do in
two months what I usedto do in two years,and
I believe if I live long enough I shall find that
everythinghas beenpainted. As thesestalwarts
can do so much, it is as well that there should
also be someone who does nothing, so that
they may have the more to do."

4., ..6
SEDGWICK, CatharineMaria (1789-1857),
US writer.
1 Like most Sedgwicks,
Catharinewas very
fond of her nativetown, Stockbridge,
Massachusetts,wherethe burialmarkersof the clan
in concentriccirclesknownasthe
arearranged
SedgwickPie.Someone
onceremarkedto Miss
Sedgwickthat shespokeaboutStockbridge
as
if it were heaven."l expectno very violent
transition,"shereplied.
&r, .8

S EF E R I S

Graffiti are everywhereon the Harvard

Bridge,linking Boston and Cambridge,
Massachusetts,
but none are as prominent as the regular "Smoot" markings
alongthe bridg. walkways.
In 1958,whenOliverReedSmoot,Ir.,
wasa freshmanpledgeat the MassachusettsInstituteof Technology,his fraternity, LambdaChi Alpha,decidedto use
Mr. Smootasa unit of measureto mark
off the bridge.Smoot was five feet, six
incheslongat the time,whichmakesthe
bridge exactly 364.4Smootslong, plus
one ear.
-The BostonGlobeMagazine,
NovemberLI, "1,984

SEDGWICK, John (1813-64),US generAl.

rilTilderness
I During
in the
'War,the battle of the
general
Civil
the
was inspecting his
troops.At onepoint he cameto a parapetover
which he gazedout in the direction of the
enemy.His officerssuggestedthat this was
unwiseand perhapshe ought to duck while
passingthe parapet."Nonsense,"snappedthe
general."They couldn't hit an elephantat
this dist-"
{The referencebooks say that General
Sedgwickwaskilled in actionat the battle of the \Tilderness.)
Ar, -8
SEDGWICK, Theodore (1746-1813),US
iudge;Speakerof the Houseof Representatiues
(1799-L801).
I The Sedgwickshad a black servantcalled
Mumbet, who rearedthe Sedgwickchildren
when their mother becameinsane.One d"y
Mumbet heard the Declarationof Independencebeingreadout at a town meeting.The
following dayshewent to seeTheodoreSedgwick in his office."Sirr" shesaid,"I heardthat
we areall born equal,and everyone of us has
the right to be free." Mr. Sedgwickpromptly
begana suit on Mumbet'sbehalfand a decree
was obtained in her favor. Mumbet was so

gratefulsheremainedwith the Sedgwickfamily

for the restof her life.
Ar, q8
SEDLEY, Sir Charles(1,639-1,701),
English
playwrightand wit. His writingsenioyeda high
reputationamonghis contemporaries,
who also
reueledin gossipabouttheauthor's scnndalous
personallife.
I Sir Charleshad one daughter,Catharine,a
shrewdandwitty girlwhomJames,
theDukeof
York, made his mistress.\ilfhen the duke
ascendedthe throne as JamesII, he resolved
not to seeher again,but within threemonths
their intriguewasrevived.In 1,686Jamescreated CatharineCountessof Dorchester.Sir
Charles,despitehis own notorietyas a libertine,wassincerelyupsetby hisdaughter'ssituation. "I hateingratituder"he said,"and asthe
king has mademy daughtera countessI will
endeavorto repaythe civility by making his
daughter a queen."
Thishedid by votingJames
II out of officein
precedingthe GloriousRevoluthe Parliament
tion of 1588,which broughtJames's
daughter
M"ry and her husband,'$fi[iamof Orange,to
the Englishthrone.
Ar, 48
SEELEY, Sir John Robert(1834-95),British
historianand essayist.
I In 1869Seeleysucceeded
CharlesKingsley
in the chairof Modern History at Cambridge,
which Kingsleyhad resignedon groundsof ill
health.Dr. William Thompson,the Masterof
Trinity College,observed
afterSeeley's
inaugural lecture,"Well, well, I did not think we
couldsosoonhavehadoccasionto regretpoor
Kingsley."
A.' 4S
(1900SEFERIS,George[GeorgeSeferiades]
71), Greek poet and diplomat. He won the
Nobel Prizefor literaturein 1.963.
1 (The Englishwriter and classicalscholar
PeterLevi met Seferisin Athensin 1953.)
"'Wetalkedaboutmermaids.
He saidpeople
knew he had a passionfor them,and senthim
presentsof mermaids.Therewasa mermaidof
bread, I think from southern Italy, hanging

496

SEFERIS

againstthewhitegardenwall.It hadbeenthere
threeyears.I saidshewas young,for a mermaid.'But it is old,' he said,'for bread."'
Ae, q8
SELLERS, Peter (1925-80),British comic
actor.He madehis nnmein the radio comedy
seriesThe Goon Show,first broadcastin the
1950s.He alsoappearedin manyfilms,notably
I'm All Right, Jack (1959),Dr. Strangelove
(1963), andthe" Pink Panther"series,
in which
heplayedthebunglingdetectiue
InspectorClou-

playedso many roles he sometimeswas not

onceby t
sureof hisown identity.Approached
fan who askedhim, "Are you PeterSellers?"
Evans says Sellersansweredbriskly, "Not
today,"and walkedon.
A$' '4
BritSELWYN, GeorgeAugustus(L71,9-91,),
ish politician,eccentric,and wit. HoraceWalpolesaidof him, "He louednotbingupon earth
so well as a criminal, exceptthe executionol
himj'

seilu.
I In their London flat one afternootr, Sellers
was busy in his study while his wife was working in the kitchen. On hearing the doorbell
ring, Anne Sellerswent to the door and was
presentedwith a telegram.The messageread:
"Bring me a cup of coffee.Peter."
2 Sellersonce received the following letter
from a Goon Show fan: "Dear Mr. Sellers,I
have been a keen follower of yours for many
yearsnow, and should be most grareful if you
would kindly send me a singedphotograph of
yourself." Encouraged by fellow-comedian
Harry Secombe,Sellerstook the writer at his
word. With the flanreof his cigarettelighter, he
carefully burned the edgesof one of his publicity photographsand sentit off by return mail. A
couple of weeks later, another letter arrived
from the sameaddress."Dear Mr. Sellersr"it
read, "Thank you very much for the photograph, but I wonder if I could trouble you for
another as this one is signed all round the
edge."
3 Blake Edwards,who directed Sellersin the
"Pink Panther" films, did not find him the easiest person to work with. One night, having
wasted an entire day on one particular scene,
Edwards was awakened by ^ phone call from
Peter."I just talked to God," he saidexcitedly,
"and He told me how to do it."
The following day, Edwards set the cameras
rolling to capture the resultsof Sellers'sdivine
inspiration. The results were disastrous.
"Peterr" sighed the harasseddirector, "next
time you talk to God, tell Him to stay out of
show business."
4 lnThe Mask Behind the Ma.sft,PeterEvans,
biographer of Peter Sellers,says that Sellers

| \il7henHenry Fox, Lord Holland, was

dying,Selwyncalledon him and left his card.
His lordship,told thathisold friendhadcalled,
instructedhis footman, "lf Mr. Selwyncalls
again,showhim up. If I amalive,I shallbeglad
to seehim,andif I amdead,I amsurehewill be
delightedto seeme."
2 PoliticianCharlesFox askedSelwynif he
had attendedthe executionof a highwayman,
also called CharlesFox. RepliedSelwyn,"I
never attend rehearsals.o'
3 Robert Walpole once remarkedin Selwyn's
hearing that the British systemof politics was
the sameunder GeorgeIII as it had beenunder
his grandfather, George II, and that there was
nothing new under the sun. "Nor under the
grandson," put in Selwyn.
{This remark has also been used in the
context of three generations- father,
son, and grandson- sharing the same
mistress,and is attributed to other wits.)
4 Staying at the fashionable resort of Bath
out of seasofl,Selwynwas compelled for want
of better company to cultivate the acquaintance of an elderly bore. Some months later
they met again by chance in a smart London
thoroughfare at the height of the London season. Selwyntried to slip pastunnoticed, but the
older gentlemanhailedhim, saying,"Don't you
recollect me?"
"Perfectlyr" said Selwyn, "and when I next
go to Bath I shall be most happy to become
acquaintedwith you again."
5 A fashionablesociety beauty was showing
off her new gown, which was covered with
silver spanglesthe size of shillings. "How do
you like it?" she asked George Selwyn. "You

497

SHAFTESBURY

will be changefor a guinea,madamr"he replied.

SENECA, Lucius Annaeus(?4 Bc-65 AD),

Roman statesman,author, and philosopher;
tutor and aduiserto EmperorNero until he fell
from fauor and uas obligedto commit suicide.
Nine of his playssuntiue.

I (Thefollowinganecdoteis keptin the original Frenchsinceit doesnot lenditselfto translation.)

A sa fillt qui lui demAnde:"Est-ce
urai, mAdame, Qil,dans un diner, ricemment le mot
'foutre' uottsait 6chappA?"
"Non," rpond-elle,"i'ai dit F et i'ai pass6
orJtre."
6., 48
SEWARD, William Henry (1801-72), US
statesman.Gouernorof New York and later a
senatorfrom that state,hewasa stalwartopponent of slauery.He becamesecretaryof state
under Lincoln and in 1857 arrangedthe purchaseof Alaskafrom Russia,A mouebranded
"seward'sfolly" by his enemies.

I Seneca'sinfluenceupon the vicious and

mad Nero grew weakeras the yearspassed.
Nonetheless,
Senecatried to curb his charge's
cruelty,warninghim on one occasion,"Howevermanyyou put to death,you will neverkill
your successor.tt
Ar, '.8

I After a debatein which StephenA. Douglas

had delivereda fi.ry diatribe against"niggerworshipers,"Sewardwalked home with him
from theCapitol.Awarethat Douglashopedto
securethe Democraticpresidentialnomination, Sewardremarked,"Douglas,tro manwill
ever be presidentof the United Stateswho
spellsnegrowith two g"."

.1., 6

Selwynonceasserted
that no womancould
write a letter without addinga postscript.One
of the ladiespresent,determinedto provehim
I wrong,senthim a letter the following day.To
I
Selwyn'sglee,however,his triumphantcorrejl spondenthad added afterher signature:"P.S.
rU7hois right now, you or I?"

;l
t :l

:l

!1

A.' at

SERVETUS, Michael (1511-53),Spanishandphysician.His unorthodox

borntheologian
uiewson theTrinity angeredbothRomanCathand ledto his executionas
olicsand Protestants
a heretic.
1 Hiding from the Inquisition in Calvin's
Geneva,Servetuswas caught,tried, and condemnedto be burnedat the stakefor hisviews.
"I will burn, but this is a
He saidto his judgs,
'Sfe
shallcontinueour discusmereincident.
sionin eternity."
Al,d
SEUSS, Dr. [Theodore Seuss GeiselJ
(1904- ), US humorouswriter and illustrator
of children'sbooks.
1 An eight-year-oldonce sent him a letter
you surethunk up a lot
, saying:"Dear Dr. Seuss,
i of funny books.You surethunk up a million
i funny animals. . who thunk you up, Dr.
1Seuss?"
Al, '.8
SE,VIGNE,Marie de Rabutin-Chanral,
Marquisede (1626-96),Frenchwriter, known for
her brilliant letters.

2 Sewardwasin an assemblyof peoplewho

; wr speculatingabout the probabledestination of a secretmovementof troops.A lady,
: noticing his silence,challengedhim: "'Well,
Governor Seward,what do you make of it?
'Where
do you think they are going?"Seward
srniled."Madam," he replied,"if I did not
know I would tell you."
4., ..S
SHAFTESBURY, Anthony AshleyCooper,
lst Earl of (I52L-83), British stAtesmAn.
He
beganas a supporterof Charles/, thenioined
the Parliamentarians,and fi"ally made his
peacewith Charles II. Hauing becomelord
chancellorin 1.57
2, hewasdismissedthefollowing year.Later restoredto office,he supported
theDukeof Monmouth'srebellion,wlscharged
with high treason,and fled to Holland.
| 1 Shaftesbury's
religiousbeliefsremaineda
mystery;very likely he was a deist. He once
remarkedthat all wisemenareof but one religion."Which is that?"hewaspromptlyasked.
"'Wisemen nevertellr" he replied.
2 CharlesII, hearingsomegossipaboutLord
Shaftesbury,remarked to him jestingly, "l

498

SHAFTESBURY

believe you're the wickedest rogue in England."

"Of a subject,sire, I believeI am," was the
prompt reply.
{BenjaminDisraelialsosawthe versatility
in "subject." SeeDlsnaELI 5.)
Ar, "o8
SHAKESPEARE, William (1 554-151,6),English dramatist. He came to London from his
natiue Stratford-upon-Auon probably in the
mid-1580s. By the time he joined an acting
company known as the Lord Chamberlain's
Men in 1594,he was alreadyan establishedpoet
and playwright with patronage in court circles.
Shakespeare'sown acting abilities were not
great, and he was fortunate to haue other
actors of stature to createsuch roles as Hamlet,
Lear, and Richard III. Shakespeare'splays are
known and performed in euery country of tbe
ciuilized world, and he is consideredthegreatest
of playwrights. Yet comparatiuely ft* definite
facts are known about his life, nor Are the
handful of anecdotes ebout bim necessnrily
autbentic.
| "Mr. William Shakespearewas born at
Stratford upon Avon in the county of Warwick. His father was a butcher, and I havebeen
told heretofore by some of the neighbors,that
when he was a boy he exercisedhis father's
trade, but when he killed a calf he would do it
in a high style, and make a speech."
{It seemsthat "the neighbors" were pulling someone'sl.g; John Shakespeare,
the
poet's father, was a glover. This story,
told by John Aubrey, would be more
likely to have originated among Shakespeare's rivals on the London literary
scene.)
2 At a time when Richard Burb agewas playing the title role in Richard III, he made an
assignationwith alady who lived near the playhouse. "Announce yourself as Richard III,"
shesuggestedcautiously- asuggestionShakespeareoverheard.The dramatist slipped out of
the theater before the end of the play and
hastened to the woman's lodgings. Here he
announced himself as Richard III and was
admitted to her bedroom. A short while afterward a messagewas brought up that "Richard
III" was at the door. Shakespearesent a messageback to Burbage, saying that rUfilliam the
Conqueror came before Richard III.

3 Shakespearewas godfather to one of Ben

Jonson's children and after the christening appearedsunk in deepthought.Jonsonaskedhim
replied that
what was the matter. Shakespeare
he had beenponderingwhat to give the child as
a christeningpresent,but now he had made up
his mind: "l'll give him a dozen good latten
spoons and thou shalt translatethem."
{The ultimate sourceof this witticism is a
collection of "Merry Passages
and Jests"
in a manuscript in the British Library.
Latten was a yellow metal, similar to
brass in composition, which was commonly usedfor householdutensilsin the
sixteenth and seventeenthcenturies;the
second part of the pun relies upon the
alchemists'supposedpractice of "translating" base metals.ilto gold. Whether
apocryphalor not, this is a pleasantillustration of the difference that their contemporaries perceived between the
learnedBen and the "unlatined" Shakespeare.)
4 Once when Shakespeare
was acting the role
of a king, Queen Elizabeth thought she would
seeif she could distract him from his part and
purposely let her handkerchief flutter to the
stageat the actor's feet. Shakespearedid not
hesitate. "Take up our sister'shandkerchief,"
he instructed one of the stagecourtiers in his
train.
{There seemsto be no reliable contemporary source for this pretty tale. Compare the old theatrical tradition that
Shakespeare
neverreachedany eminence
as an actor greaterthan that of the ghost
in his own Hamlet.)

4., ..S
Omar [Michel Shalhoub]
SHARIF,
(1932- ), Egyptianactor. His films include
Lawrence of Arabia (1952), Dr. Zhivago
(1965),and FunnyGirl (1958).
| "Tell ffi, Mr. Sharif,"askeda journalist,
"with your reputationas a ladykiller,what
should one talk to women about?" "Their
beauty,of course,"repliedthe actor without
hesitation."But what if theyareugly?""Then
aboutotherwomen'sugliness."
&.' q8
Britishwriter.
SHARP, William (1855-1905)
In the 1890shis work assumed
a mysticalcast,

499

S H A W , G E O R G EB E R N A R D

often drawing upon Celtic myth and legend.

These productions appeared under the nom de
plume "Fiona Macleod," and Sharp strongly
insisted on her separateexistence.
1 The Englishscholar'W.P. Ker learnedfrom
a mutual acquaintancethat Sharpalways wore
women's clothing to write his "Fiona Macleod" romances."Did he?The bitch!" saidKer.
4., q8
SHAW, George Bernard (1356-1950), Irish
playwright. Born in Dublin, he went to London
at tbe age of twenty, where he remained for the
rest of bis life. After writing firt unsuccessful
nouelshe becamea music and drama critic and
an actiue socialist. He wrote more than forty
plays, many of which haue retained their enormous popularity. He was a witty speaker and
writer of letters.
I When Shaw was a young man just embarking on his lite rary career, he met Oscar til7ilde,
then at the height of his fame, in the rooms of a
mutual friend in London. Shaw told the company about a magazine that he intended to
found, speakingwith such enthusiasmthat his
Irish brogue became increasingly evident.
Eventually Oscar Wilde interrupted to saythat
Shaw had not told them what the magazine
would be called."Oh, asfor that, what I'd want
to do would be to impressmy own personality
on the public - I'd call it Shaw's Magazine.
Shaw,Shaw; Shaw," he went otr, pounding the
table. "And how would you spell it?" inquired
\filde.
2 Before Shaw became famous, one of his
plays was consistently turned down by t certain producer. After Shaw achieved success,
the producer suddenly cabled an offer to stage
the rejectedwork. Shaw cabled in reply: "Better never than late."
3 rU7hileShaw was still a music critic, he was
dining with a friend in a restaurant that provided for entertainment an orchestra that was
at best mediocre. The leader, recognizing
Shaw, wrote him a note asking him what he
would like the orchestrato play next. "Dominoesr" replied Shaw.
4 The first performance of Arms and the Man
(April 21, 1894) was boisterous. The author

took a curtain call and was received with

cheers. \(hile they were subsiding, before
Shaw could utter a syllable,a solitary hiss was
heard from the gallery. It was made by R.
Goulding Bright, who later becamea very successfulliterary agent. Bright hissed,it later appeared,under the misapprehensionthat Shaw's
satire on florid Balkan soldiers was, in fact, a
reflection on the British army. Shaw did not
know this at the time, however,and ashe stood
on the stagehe raised his hand to silencethe
cheers.Bowing in Bright's direction, he said,"I
quite agreewith you, sir, but what can two do
against so many?"
5 The Theatre Guild had started rehearsals
for the American premiere of Shaw's Saint
J oan. Everything was progressing smoothly,
except that the play was found to run for three
and a half hours, long past the normal curtain
time. Suburban playgoerswould miss the last
trains home. This information was cabled to
Shaw, together with a request that he cut the
play. Back came the reply: "Begin at eight or
run later trains."
6 The successof Shaw's dramatic writings
was an embarrassmentto his socialisticideals.
To the play representativewho had sent him a
draft of money with promise of more to come,
he wrote: "Rapacious Elisabeth Marbury:
What do you want me to make a fortune for?
Don't you know that the draftyou sent me will
permit me to live and preach Socialismfor six
months? The next time you have so large an
amount to remit, pleasesend it to me by installments,or you will put me to the inconvenience of having a bank account."
7 "George Bernard Shaw, a staunch vegetarian, refused to attend a gala testimonial becausethe bill of farewas a vegetarianmenu. He
'The thought of two thousand people
i said:
i crunching celery at the same time horrified
i r[.t

tt

8 During the rehearsalsof Pygmalion, Shaw,

dissatisfiedwith Mrs. Patrick Campbell's rendering of Eliza Doolittle, ticked her off for her
flamboyant style. Mrs. Pat, unused to such
treatment, remarked, "You are a terrible man,
Mr. Shaw. One d^y you'll eat a beefsteakand
then God help all women." The vegetarian
Shaw blushed-perhaps.

500

s H A r r , G E O R G EB E R N A R D
9 It is said that the dancer Isadora Duncan
wrote to Shaw that good eugenics indicated
they should havea child together. "Think of it!
With my body and your brains, what a wonder
it would ber" she said. Shawreplied, "Yes, but
what if it hrd my body and your brains?"
10 "At a performance given by an ltalian
string quart(:t, Shaw's companion remarked
approvingly, l'Thesemen have been playing to'Surelyr'
'we
gether for twblve years.'
said Shaw,
have been here longer than that."'
At a dinner party one evening, Shaw sat
n
next to a pompous young bore who proved to
be a mine of uninteresting information. After
suffering his neighbor's interminable monologue throughout the meal, Shaw observed,
"You know, between the two of us we know
all there is to know." His interlocutor was fascinated. "How is that?'n he asked. "'$fellr"
replied Shaw, "you seem to know everything
except that you're a bore. And I know that!"
12 The military theorist and historian B. H.
Liddell Hart once observedto Shaw,"Do you
'sumac'and 'sugar'are
know that
the only two
words in the English languagethat begin with
su and are pronounc ed shu?"
"Surer" answered Shaw.
{Authenticity not guaranteed.}
Shaw was once approached by the adver\ tf
i tising executive of a company manufacturing
electric razorsrin the hope that the great writer
would endorse their new product by shaving
off his beard. By way of reply, Shaw explained
the reason why he, and his father before him,
had chosen to grow a beard. "l was about five
at the timer" said Shaw,"and I was standingat
my father's knee whilst he was shaving.I said to
him, 'Daddy, why do you shave?'He looked at
me in silence,for a full minute, before throwing
''Sfhy
the razor out of the window, sayitrg,
the
hell do I?' He never did again."
I t+ An anthologisr wrote ro Shaw requesting
, permission to include one of his pieces in an
i anthology. He explained that he was a very
I young man and therefore would not be able to
: pay Shaw'susual fee. GBS responded,"I'll wait
for you to grow up."
15 Arnold Bennett visited Shaw in his apartment and, knowing his host's love of flowers,

' wassurprisedthat therewasnot a singlevaseof

flowersto be seen.He remarkedon their absenceto Shaw:"But I thought you were so
fond of flowers."
"I amr" said Shaw,"and I'm very fond of
childrentoo, but I don't chop their headsoff
and standthem in pots about the house."
bloodsports
Irc Knowingthat Shawdetested
j asmuch asshedid, LadyAstor remarkedthat
, shehated"killing for pleasure."As Shawsaid
nothing, someonechallengedhim: "Do you
hatekilling for pleasure?"
"That dependson whom you kill," he said.
17 A lady notoriousfor coufting celebrities
sent Shawan invitation reading:"Lady
will be at homeon Tuesdaybetweenfour and
six o'clock." Shawreturnedthe card annotated,"Mr. BernardShawlikewise."
18 "Are you enjoyingyourself,Mr. Shaw?"
anxiouslyinquiredthe hostess,who had noguestwasstanding
ticedthat her distinguished
alone in a corner. "Certainlyr" he replied.
, "There is nothingelsehereto enjoy."
(This is alsoattributed to OscarWilde,
and probablyhasbeentold by others.)
19 SamGoldwyn,the Americanmoviemagnate, attemptedto buy from Shaw the film
rightsof hisplays.Therewasa protractedh"ggle over what the rights should cost, which
endedin Shaw'sdecliningto sell."The trouble
is, Mr. Goldwynr" saidShaw,"you are interestedonly in an and I am interestedonly in
money.tt

20 A country clergyman, hearing that Shaw

was an expeft in the brewing of coffee, wrote
to ask him for the recipe. Shaw obliged, adding
as an afterthought that he hoped the request
was not an underhanded way of obtaining his
autograph. The clergymancut Shaw'ssignature
from the letter, returned it with a note thanking him for the coffeerecipe,and concluded:"I
wrote in good faith, so allow me to return what
it is obvious you infinitely prize,but which is of
no value to D, your autograph."
2l Shaw once came acrossa copy of one of
his works in a secondhandbookshop. Opening
the volume, he found the name of a friend
inscribed in his own hand on the flyleaf: "To

501

SHAW, WILBUR

i with esteem,GeorgeBernardShaw."He
ptomptly
bought the bJok and returnedit to
i
his
friend,
adding the inscription:"\fith reI
newedesteem,GeorgeBernardShaw."
I
22 In conversationwith Shawand his wife,
writer PatrickMahony askedMrs. Shawhow
shehadcopedwith herhusband'smanyfemale
admirers.By way of reply,Mrs. Shawbeganto
recountan anecdote:"After we weremarried
therewasan actresswho pursuedmy husband.
Shethreatenedsuicideif shewerenot allowed
toseghim...

tt

"And did shedie of a brokenheart?"

"Yes, she didr" interrupted Shaw. "Fifty
yearslater."
23 Showing a friend the ponrait bust
sculpted for him by Rodin, Shaw remarked:
"lt's a funny thing about that bust. As time
goes on it seemsto get younger and younger."
24 Once when sitting for the photographer
Yousuf Karsh, Shaw said that Karsh "might
make a good picture of him - but none as
good as the picture he had seen at a recent
dinner pafty where he glimpsed, over the
shoulder of his hostess, a perfect poftrait of
'Cruel, you understand, a diabolical
himself:
caricature,but absolutely true.' He had pushed
by the lady, approaching the living image, and
found he was looking into a mirror!"
25 On July 26, L946, Shaw celebrated his
ninetieth birthday. Interviewed by journalist,
he commented: "I've been offered"titles, but I
think theyget one into disreputablecompany."
Ie Among the guests George Bernard Shaw
received on his ninetieth birthday was Fabian,
Scotland Yard's celebrated detective. At Fabian's suggestion Shaw agreed to have his
fingerprints recorded for posterity. To the
amazement of both, Shaw's fingerprints were
so faint no impression could be obtained.
"Wellr" announced Shawr"had I known this
sooner I should cenainly have chosen another
profession."
27 On a visit to GBS shortly after Shaw's
ninetieth birthday, comedian Danny Kaye
sought to compliment the plapvright by saying, "You're a young-looking ninety." "Nonsenser"came the crusty reply. "l look exactly

like a manof ninetyshouldlook. Everyoneelse

looks older becauseof the dissolutelivesthey
lead."
Ar' 48
SHAW, Irwin (1913-84),US nouelist.His
books,inuoluingcontemporarypolitical and social themes,includeThe Young Lions (1948)
The TroubledAir (1951),and Rich Man, Poor
Man (1970).
! 1 After waitinganunacceptably
longtime for
the waiterto takehis order in a Frenchrestaurant, Irwin Shawwasfinallyapproachedby the
maitred'h6tel.When the man informedShaw
that snailswerethe specialtyof the house,the
writer nodded his head."I knowr" he said,
"and you'vegot them dressedaswaiters."
2 Shawwasin an airport about to go to Europe. \(rith him washis smallson,who clearly
did not want to go anpvhereand was causing
somethingof an uproar.\7hen airlineofficials
somethingwaswrongwith the child,
suggested
Shawsaid,"Not at all. He's just my troubled
heir."
Aro {6
SHAW, Wilbur (1902-54),US racingdriuer,
first three-timewinner of theIndianapolis500.
He was presidentof the Indianapolis Motor
Speedwayat the time of his death in a plane
crasb.
1 Shawwasfrustratedat Indianapolisuntil he
won his first 500 at the advancedageof thirtyfive.He wasleadingrunner-upRalphHepburn
by three miles(morethan a lap on the 2l-mile
course)with thirty-fivelaps left when an oil
leak developed.Findingout from his pit crew
that he was one minute and fourteenseconds
ahead of Hepburn, Shaw swiftly calculated
how muchhe couldslowdown to conservehis
dwindling oil and still finish ahead.He cut
speeddrastically;Hepburnstaftedto catchup,
passedShawto "un-lap" himself,and now on
the samelap spedaround,alwaysclosingthe
gap.On the last turn of the last lap Hepburn
came evenwith Shawand nosedahead,but
Shawtook a chance,accelerated,
and crossed
the finishline 2.'1,6
secondsin front. His engine
quit as he pulled into "Victory Laner" but he
had won the closestrace in Indianapolis500
history. "I don't wish to be immodest,but

502

s H A r $ ( /W
, ILBUR

sometimes smart pays offr" remarked Shaw

later.
As, q8
SHEARING, George[Albert] (1,919- ), US
jazz pianist, born in Britain. Blind from birth,
he made bis name in British iazz clubs before
settling in the United Statesin 1947. His compositions include "Lullaby of Birdland" (1945).

Askedwhy he robbedbanks,the notorious Americanbank robberWillie Sutton is reputedto haveremarked,"Becausethat'swherethe moneyis."

- Theodore\ilfhite,
Americain Searchof Itself

'

I Asked by an admirer whether he had been

, blind all his life, Shearingreplied. "Not yet."
{A variant of a traditional retorr.}
2 One afternootr, at rush hour, he was waiting at a busy intersection for someoneto take
him acrossthe street when another blind man
tapped him on the shoulderand askedif Shearing would mind helping him ro ger across.
"'What could I do?" saidShearingafterward.
"l took him acrossand it was the biggestthrill
of my life."
As, q8
SHEEN, Fulton J[ohn] (1895-1979), US
Roman Catholic clergymnn, educator, and author, created a bishop in 1951. He broadcast
regularly on the radio from 1930 and was An
instructor of Catholic conuerts.His writings includeThe Moral Universe(1 936)and War and
Guilt (1941).
I Accepting a televisionaward for spontaneiry, comedian Garry Moore facetiously paid
tribute to "the four guys responsiblefor my
spontaneity-my writers." The next award
went to Fulton Sheen."l also want to pay tribute to my four writers," said the bishop.
"Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John."
2 Having studied his contract for atelevision
program in detail, the bishop came to the conclusion: "The big print giveth and the fine print
taketh away."
3 In Baltimore to addressan interfaith rally,
Bishop Fulton J. Sheenwasgreetedby
"pplause
upon his appearance.He raised a hand
for silence,then said:
"When you applaud me at the start, that's
faith; midway through, that's hope. But, ah, my
dear friends, if you applaud me at the end, that
will be charity!"
6s, q8

SHELBURNE, William Petty,lst Marquis of

-1 805), British politicinn.
Lansdowne (1,737
I In March 1780 Lord Shelburne fought a
duel with a Lieutenant Colonel William Fullerton over some remarks that the former had
made in the House of Lords. Shelburnewas
slightly wounded in the groin. As his anxious
secondsbent over him, he reassuredthem, saying, "l don't think Lady Shelburnewill be the
worse for it."
8s, "48
SHELLEY, Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin
(1797-1851), British author. The daughter of
political radicals and writers William Godwin
and Mary'Wollstonecrnft, she eloped with ShelIey, wbo married her in 1816 after the death of
Harriet, his first wife. While liuing in Italy with
Shelleyshewrote Frankenstein(1518)and after
Sbelley'sdeath prepared editions of his works.
1 During the summer of 181,6 Byron and
Shelley were neighbors on the shores of the
lake of Geneva.The two poets, together with
Byron's friend Dr. John Polidori and Shelley's
companions,Mary Godwin and her stepsister
Claire Clairmont, spent many an eveningconversing.One night Byron initiated a discussion
of ghosts and the supernatural. Polidori recalled that Shelley was so distressedat the
conversationthat he ran from the room, maintaining that he had seenthe women's breastsas
eyes. Meanwhile Byron suggestedthat all of
them write their own ghost stories. From this
evening emerged an effort begun by Byron
about the ruins of Ephesus,nevercompleted;a
tale by Polidori eventually published as
The Vampyre; and, by the seventeen-year-old
M"ry, the tale of Frankenstein-a story that
probably hasfrightenedmore peopleand led to
more spin-offsthan any other ghost story in the
world.

s03

SHERIDAN,RICHARD

2 Shelley's utter disregard for convention

may have beena trial to his wife. After his death
she was urged to send her surviving son, Percy
Florence, to an advancedschool at which the
boy would be taught to think for himself. "To

hismother."Oh,
I think for himself!"exclaimed
\ -y God,teachhim to think like otherpeople!"
\ {pt rcy Florence Shelleywas sent to
\, Harrow.)
F., -8
(1792-1,822),
British
SHELLEY, PercyBysshe
poet.
atheistic, mystic,
RebellioLts,
Romantic
Shelleywas onceconsideredas, next to Shakespeare,thegreatestinfluencein Englishpoetr!,
accordingto StephenSpender.In the twentieth
century his reputation suffered,but recently
his dazzlingimagscholarshauereinuestigated
ery and remarkableintellectualpower. The irregularityof his personallife led Shelleyto ltaly
in 1818,wherehe spenthis remainingyears,
writing most of his finestpoetry.
| (Thomas Jefferson Hogg records an early
exploit of Shelley's.)
As a young man he went on a short journey
in rural Sussex.There was a full complement of
passengerson the outside of the coach, bu!
Shelleytook an inside seat and for a time had
the interior to himself.Then the coach stopped
and picked up a large elderly woman carrying
two vast panniers, one filled with apples, the
other with onions. In the stuffy coach the smell
of apples,onions, and sweatyold woman soon
becameoverwhelming. Seatinghimself on the
floor, Shelley fixed his unwanted companion
with a wild glare and began to recite Richard
II's lament from Shakespeare'splay -c6ps1
God's sake let us sit upon the ground . . ."
When he got to the words, "All murder'dr" the
old woman's neffe could standit no longer and
sheyelledat the coach driver to stop and let her
out. She duly exited, and Shelleywas able to
complete his journey in comfort.
2 Early in 1822 Shelley's household was
joined by the young English adventurer Edward J. Trelawny, a sportsman and extrovert
who greatly admired the impractical and wayward poet. Trelawny found a deep pool in the
river where he liked to bathe. One d^y, after
watching Trelawny performing various aquatic
feats, Shelley said wistfully, "Why can't I
swim?" Trelawny immediately offered to teach

him. Shelleystripped off his clothes and leaped

in - plunging straight to the bottom of the
pool, where he hy motionless. Trelawny
jumped into the water and managedto haul the
poet out. Shelleywas not at all flusteredby the
narrowness of his escape."I always find the
bottom of the well and they saytruth lies there.
In another minute I should have found it, and
you would have found an empty shell. It is an
easy way to get rid of the body." Only a few
months later Shelleywas drowned while sailing
near Leghorn in squally weather.

4., '.6
SHERIDAN, Philip Henry (1831-88),US
aftr1yofficer.His mostfamousfeatwasbis uictory at CedarCreek(1854),which he brought
about by a twenty-miledash on horsebackto
He
rally his troops againstthe Confederntes.
later becamecommnnderin chief of the US
aftny (1883).
{i

helda conference
In January!869 Sheridan

with Indian chiefs at Fort Cobb in the then

Indian Territory (now part of Oklahoma).
\7hen the Comanche chief Toch-a-way was introduced, he said to Sheridan, "Me Toch-away, me good Indian." "The only good Indians
I ever saw were deadr" retofted Sheridan.
{This remark was modified later to the
proverbial "The only good Indian is a
d Indian.")

2 While commanding the Military Division

of the Gulf, Sheridan spent time at San Antonio, Texas. Asked by a local reporter his
opinion of Texas as a country to live in, he
answered,"If I owned two plantationsand one
was located in Texas and the other one was in
hell, I'd rent out the one in Texas and live on
the other one." This comment was printed
with a note from the editor that read: "'Well,
damn a man that wonot stand up for his own
country."

6''
"8
(175L-1.816),
SHERIDAN,RichardBrinsley
Anglo-Irish playwright. Born in Dublin, he
liued in England from childhood on. His bestknown comediesare The Rivals (1775) andThe
School for Scandal(1777). He wAs managerof
the Drury Lane Theatre in London and a
member of Parliament from 1780 to 1812. Although he neuer achieued political power, he

504

SHERIDAN, RICHARD

acquireda reputationas a winy parliamentary

orAtor.
I Lord Thurlow produced a bottle of particularly good Constantia wine, specially sent
from the Cape of Good Hope, at a dinner at
which Sheridan was a guest. Sheridan greatly
appreciatedthe wine and tried, by praising and
hinting, to persuadeLord Thurlow to bring out
another bottle. The host, however, was determined not to be overgenerouswith this rare
treat, and Sheridan eventually saw that his efforts were vain. Turning to his next neighbor,
he gestured toward the decanter of Madeira
and said, "Pass the decanter.I must return to
Madeira since I cannot double the Cape."
2 A lady anxious to take a walk with Sheridan
observedthat the weather had clearedup sufficiently for them to set out. Sheridan, equally
anxious to avoid the tte-t-tOte, replied, "It
may have cleared up enough for one, but not
enough for two."
3 Two royal dukes, meeting Sheridanin London's Piccadilly, greeted him familiarly. Said
one, "l say, Sherry, we were just discussing
whether you are more rogue or fool."
"Why," replied Sheridan, taking each duke
by the arm, "I believe I am between both."
4 Once a senrant dropped a heap of plates
with a tremendous crash.Sheridanrebuked the
man, saying, "l suppose you've broken all of
them.tt
"No, sir, not oner" said the man.
"Then, you mean to say you have made all
that noise for nothing!"
i5 Sheridan'sfinancial affairswere constantly
i in disorder, and debt was a chronic state with
I him. "Thank God, that's settledr" he is reported to have said, handing over an IOU to a
i creditor.
i 6 A long-sufferingcreditor importuned Sheridan to name a date for payment. "The day of
iudgroentr" cried the harassedauthor. "But,
, no - stay- that will be a busy d"y. Make it
the d^y after."
: 7 Sheridan had borrowed five hundred
i pounds from a friend, who took every opportunity to remind him of the debt. On one such
i occasion Sheridan added insult to iniury by

asking for a further twenty-five pounds to pay

for a journey he had to make. On receivingthe
inevitable refusal Sheridan complained, "My
dear fellow, be reasonable;the sum you ask me
for is a very considerableone, whereasI only
ask you for twenty-five pounds."
8 Sheridan'stailor grew tired of asking the
writer to pay off his bill. "At least you could
pay me the interest on itr" he reasoned."It is
not my interest to pay the princip?lr" replied
Sheridan,"nor my principle to pay the interest.tt

9 Edmund Burke was delivering one of his

stupendous orations in the House of Commons. At the climax he underlined his point by
brandishing the daggerhe had brought into the
chamberwith him and plunging it into the desk
in front of him. In the srunned hush that followed this piece of histrionics the voice of
Sheridan was heard saying, "The honorable
gentleman has brought his knife with him, but
where's his fork?"
10 One of the nine members of Parliament
controlled by the Earl of Lonsdale under the
pre-Reform Bill electoral systemmade a highly
bombastic speechin the House of Commons.
Edmund Burke replied with savageand devastating sarcasm.The cheersand applauseat the
end of his speechwere still echoingaround the
House when Charles Fox entered and asked
Sheridanwhat had beengoing on. "Nothing of
consequencer"replied Sheridan,"only Burke
has knocked down one of Lord Lonsdale's
ninepins."
n
Sheridanhad been askedto apologizefor
insulting a fellow member of Parliament."Mr.
Speakerr"replied Sheridan,"l said the honorable member was a liar it is true and I am sorry
for it. The honorable member may place the
punctuation where he pleases."
12 Richard Cumberland was a dramatistspecializingin a brand of sentimentalcomedy that
was rendered unfashionableby the comedy of
Goldsmith and Sheridan. Nonetheless, he
agreed to take his children to see Sheridan's
School for Scandal.The children would have
enjoyed themselveshugely,but everytime they
laughed, Cumberland hissed, "What are you
laughing dt, my dear little folks? You should
not laugh, my angels.There is nothing to laugh

505
he snapped:
at." Finally, in exasperation,
'When
"Keepstill,you little dunces."
this story
sometimelater,he obwasretailedto Sheridan
sewed,"lt wasveryungratefulin Cumberland
with his poor children
to havebeendispleased
for laughingat my comedy;for I went the other
night to seehis tragedy,and laughedat it from
beginningto end."
(Cumberlandstronglydeniedthe truth
of this story and eventuallyconvinced
Sheridanof its falsehood,but in the
meantimeSheridanhad exacteda neat
revengeby satirizingCumberlandin his
comedyTheCritic (1779)underthecharacterof Sir Fretful Plagiary.)
..13 Like his father,Sheridan's
son Tom was
,'perpetuallyshort of money. Father and son
A few days later,
; ooc had a disagreement.
i Sheridantold Tom that he had madehis will
and cut him off with a shilling."f'm sorry to
hear that, sirr" said Tom. Then, after a moment'sthought,he added,"You don't happen
to havethe shillingaboutyou now, do you?"
!t+ Sheridan'sson Tom was talking someparabouta prospective
i what sanctimoniously
i liamentarycareer."Many menwho are called
greatpatriots in the House of Commonsare
reallygreathumbuBSr"saidhe. "For my own
,paft, when I get into Parliament,I will pledge
myselfto no partyrbutwrite uponmy forehead
'To Be Let."'
in legiblecharacters
"And underitoTomr" saidSheridan,"write
' 'Unfurnished."'
15 On the night of February24, 1809,the
House of Commons was suddenly illuminated
by r blazeof light. It was learned that the Drury
Lane Theatre, of which Sheridanwas the manager at that time, was on fire. A motion was
made to adjourn the House, but Sheridan,who
was in the chamber, said calmly, "'Whatsoever
might be the extent of the private calamity, I
hope it will not interfere with the public businessof the country." He then left the House
and walked to Dru ry Lane, where he watched
the blazing theater with apparent calm. \7hile
he was sitting in the nearby Piazzacoffeehouse,
a friend approached him and remarked on the
philosophic calmnesswith which he bore his
misfortune. Sheridan answered, "A man may
surely be allowed to take a glassof wine by his
own fireside."

SHERMAN

16 Sheridanwas sufficientlyintimate with

the future GeorgeIV to makegentlefun of his
suchas his habit of taking the
idiosyncrasies,
credit for anythinggood that happenedin England. After an unusuallyfine summer one
year, Sheridanremarked,"What His Royal
Highnessmostparticularlyprideshimselfupon
is the excellentharvest."
17 Sheridan showed little concern when
warnedthat his heavydrinkingwould destroy
the coat of his stomach."'W'ell,thenr" he replied, "-y stomachmust just digest in its
waistcoat."
Aro ..S
SHERMAN, William Tecumseh(1820-91),
USgeneral.His strategicplanning,and in particularhis marchto thesea(1564)from Atlanu
of the
to Sauannah,werecrucialto the success
[Jnion forcesin the AmericanCiuil WAr.
I After the Mexican War, Shermanwassent
by PresidentZachary Taylor to suryey the
newlyacquiredlandsof New Mexico,Arizona'
and California.On his return, Taylor asked
Sherman:"'Well,Captain,will our newpossessionspay for the blood and treasurespentin
the war?" Recalling'thearid landshe had iust
explored,Shermanreplied,"Betweenyou and
ffi, General,I feel that we'll haveto go to war
again." Taylor was aghast."'What for?" he
'em take the darn country
asked."To make
backlo'saidSherman.
in
lZ During one of his many engagements
Georgiain lS64rShermanwashavingdifficulty
breakingthroughthe enemyfront. He decided
to sendGeneralCox's division to attack the
positionedhimselfon a
opposingleft. Sherman
high hill to watch the operationsandgaveCox
his final ordersfor the circuitousmarch:"See
here,Cox, burna few barnsoccasionally
asyou
go along.I can't understandthosesignalflags,
but I know what smokemeans."
{3 Receiving a telegram from the Republican
I convention asking him to be the presidential
i candidatein 1884;Shermanwired back: "I will
i not accept if nominated, and will not serve if
\elected."
, {This is better known in the pithier veri sion: "If nominated, I will not accept. If
elected, I will not serre.")

505

SHI HUANGDI

SHI HUANGDI (late 3d century BC),first

emperor of China. He wds notorious for the
seuerity of his rule, during which he executed
hundreds of opponents and burned all books
that conflicted with his autocratic policies.
Toward the end of his life he liued in total seclusion, gouerning through officials from whom he
demanded instant obedience.
1 Shi Huangdi died while on ; journey to
seek the elixir of life. Two of his confidants,
Zhao Gao and Li Si, feared that the crown
prince, who objected to his father's harsh regime, would dismissand perhapsevenexecute
them if he became emperor. They therefore
hatched a plan to place another of Shi
Huangdi's sonson the throne. The first part of
this plan involved concealingthe old emperor's
death from the world. Enclosing the body in
his traveling carrrage,they gaveorders to return
to the capital. The weather was warm and the
corpsesoon beganto putrefy. Zhao Gao and Li
Si therefore affanged for the imperial carriage
to be closely followed by a cart laden with
rotting fish.The stenchof fish was so overpowering that not even the emperor's bodyguard
detected the smell of the putrefying body, and
the conspiratorssucceededin reachingthe capital without the emperor'sdeath being discovered.There they usedthe emperor'ssealto sign
a decree commanding the crown prince to
commit suicide, whereupon they established
their own candidate on the throne of China.
A$, q8
SHOR, Toots (died L977), New York restaurant owner.
I A fervent Giants fan, Shor was chatting one
eveningin his place with Sir Alexander Fleming, the discovererof penicillin. A waiter told
Shor that the Giants' managr,Mel Ott, had
just arrived.
"Excuse me," Shor said to Fleming, "but I
gotta leave you. Somebody important iust
came in.tt

2 "Toots once argued his dear friend Leo

Durocher into a delicatetrap that looked like it
would disrupt their palship. Toots, who consideredhimselfa masterbaseballstrategist,had
informed Durocher that he had madea colossal
blunder, and Durocher told Toots he was insane.

" 'You're a slimy,creepy,crummy crumbum

and alsoa pieceof raisincake,'Toots snarledat
Leo, who had thought up to that time that they
'You're
a baseballimbecile.'
were buddies.
"'Why, Iou walrusr' screamedDurocher,
'when we beat Clevelandin the seriesyou saidI
was a genius- thanks to your help.'
"'You bald-headed slob!' roared Toots.
'Why,
if I was to name the 10 best baseball
managslS-'
"'Name them; go ahead and name them!'
shoutedLeo. He was furious in this moment of
''Who's first?' he challenged Toots.
truth.
'stengel?'
'Why, you
"'Casey Stengel?'bawled Toots.
baseballimbecile!The No. 1 baseballmanager
is Leo Durocher!"'
3 "In Shor's,all men were equal,which is to
say everybody was a crumb-bum. The celebrated,accustomedto obsequiousbowing and
scraping,encountereda different reception in
the brick house. There was the night Charles
Chaplin was annoyedby an invitation to wait in
line for a table.
"'It'll be about a half-hour, Charlie,'Toots
bawled. 'Be funnv for the folks."'
4., 48
SHUTER, Edward (1728-76), British comic
actor.
1 Chided for having holes in his stocking,
Shuter replied that he would rather have
twenty holes than one darn. "A hole is the
accident of a day,while a darn is premeditated
poverty."
{This sayingis also attributed to others.)
As, *t
SIBELIUS, Jean (1855-1957),Finnish composer. In addition to his seuensymphoniesand
his uiolin concerto he wrote seueraltone poems
based on Finnish legends, including En Saga,
The Swan of Tuonela, Finlandra,and Tapiola.
He ceasedto compose in 1929, although An
eighth symphony is thought to haue been written and subsequently destroyed by the composer.
I Sibeliuswas hostingaparty at which many
of those invited were businessmen."\(/hy businessmen?"asked one of his other guests.
"What do you talk about with them?"

s07
I

SIDDONS

"About music,of courser"repliedthe composer."I can't talk about music with musicians.All they talk about is money."
SeealsoGeoncn BEnNARD
SHew L9.
6r, {6
SICKERT, Walter Richard (1850-1942),
British Impressionist painter. Between 1895
and 1905 he produced two fire seriesof paintingsof Veniceand Dieppe. He is also knownfor
his music-hall scenesand depiction of domestic
life.
I Two young men who cameto havetea with
Sickert at his studio rather overstayed their
welcome. As they were leaving, Sickert said,
quite amicably, "And do come back, when
you've a little lesstime to spare."
2 Sickert was on vacation in Dieppe with his
friend, artist Walter Taylor. The two men went
out to bathe one morning, Taylor remaining
close to the shore as he was not a strong swimmer. Sickert swam out for about half a mile.
Turning back, he saw that Taylor was in difficulties and watched, helpless,ashis friend sank
below the surface.He immediately struck out
for the shore, where he was amazed to find
Taylor calmly sunbathing."Good God, man!"
he cried. "I saw you sinking!"
"Yes," replied Taylor in his slow, deliberate
mannetr"l . . . did . . . sink, but. . . whgn
o . . I . . . r e a c h e d ., . t h e . . . b o t t o m , L . .
tlf
said, o . to . . . myself, . . . I o, . walk
, . . u p h i l l, . 1 . . s h a l .l . . g e t . . . t o . ! .
t h e . . . s h o r e . t A n d s o . .. 1 . . . w a l k e d . . .
uphill . . and . ., here . . . l . . . amltt
The astounded Sickert could only Basp,
"\7hy does anybody ever drown!"
3 At a dinner party Sickert was in dazzling
conversational form, much to the irritation of
the novelist and portrait-painter \Tyndham
Lewis, who himself liked to dominate the conversation. Toward the end of the meal Sickert
insisted upon Lewis's acceptinga cigar:"I give
you this cigarbecauseI so greatly admire your
writings." Lewis'smorose expressionlightened
but only for amoment, as Sickert went otr, "If I
liked your paintings,I'd give you a biggerone."
Ar, '.8
SIDDONS, Sarah (1,755-183I),British tragic
actress,sister of John and Charles Kemble and

aunt of Fanny Kemble.Sheexcelledin Shakespeareanroles.

I The daughterof the theatrical manager
Roger Kemble,Sarahwas brought up in the
stage environment.Her father nonetheless
strictly forbade his beautiful and talented
daughterto marryan actor.Despitethisprohibition, shebestowedher affectionson \U(rilliam
Siddons,a lowly constituentof her father's
RogerKembleleccompany.The exasperated
turedSarahon herchoice,concludingwith the
statementthat not only wasWilliam Siddonsa
memberof a dubiousprofessionbut alsothe
worst one in the troupe."Exactlyr" saidSarah
sweetly."No one cancall him an actor."
2 When Sir Joshua Reynoldspainted his
famousportrait of SarahSiddonsasthe Tragic
Muse,headdedhisnameby workingit into the
borderof herrobe.Mrs. Siddonsexaminedthe
pictureminutelyandsmiled.Reynoldssaid,"I
could not losethis opportunityof sendingmy
name to posterityon the hem of your g rment.tt

3 (In 1783 SarahSiddons paid a call on Dr.

Johnson, then in his seventies.)
"When Mrs. Siddons came into the room,
there happened to be no chair ready for her,
'Madaffi,
which he obseroing,said with a smile,
you who so often occasion a want of seatsto
other people, will the more easily excuse the
want of one yourself."'
4 SarahSiddons'shigh dramatic style tended
to spill over into her everydaylife. (As Sydney
Smith obseryed of her at the dinner table, "It
was never without awe that one saw her stab
the potatoes.") In Bath to play some of her
favorite tragic roles, she visited a draper's shop
to buy some fabric. Picking up a piece of muslin, shelooked with greatintensity at the shopman and said with the utmost solemnity and
dramatic effect, "Did you say, sir, that this
would wash?" The draper suspectedthat he
had a lunatic in his shop. Mrs. Siddons recollected herselfat the sight of his surprise,apologized, and repeated the question in a more
normal tone of voice.
5 During a tour of the north of England, Mrs.
Siddons was playing the role of a tragic queen
who commits suicide by taking poison. At one

508

SIDDONS

performance,as sheraisedthe cup of poison to

her lips, the spellboundsilenceof the audience
was shattered by a shout of encouragement
from the gallery: "That's reet, Molly. Soop it
oop, ma lass,soop it oop."
Ac' 48
SIDNEY, Sir Philip (1554-85),Englishwriter,
soldier, and courtier, whose talents and charm
made him the model of Elizabethan behauior.
His posthumously published writings include
the loue sonnets entitled Astrophel and Stella
(1591), the prose romance Arcadia(1590),and
the critical treatise An Apologie for Poetrie
(1598). He died fighting the Spaniards in the
Netherlands.
I At Zutphen Sidney was wounded in the
thigh. As he was being carriedalong to havethe
wound dressed,he sufferedgreatly from thirst,
owing to loss of blood. A water bottle was
found and brought to him. Putting it to his lips,
he caught sight of another wounded man, a
humble soldier,looking longin glyat the water.
Sidney at once passedthe bottle to him with
the words, "Thy needis yet greaterthan mine."
Seealso ArpxaNDER THE Gnner 9 and
CoNrucIUs 2.
0s' qt
SIEYES, Emmanuel-Joseph,Abbe de (17481835),Frenchclericand statesman.He had considerable influence ot)er the course of the ReuoIution. He later held postsunder Napoleon.
I After the Terror, a friend inquired of the
abbe what he had done during those terrible
years. "l'ai udcu I sunrived]," he said.
As' q8
SIGISMUND (1368-1437),Holy Roman Emperor (1414-37).
1 The emperor was once askedhis recipe for
lasting happiness in this world. "Only do
alwaysin health what you have often promised
to do when you are sick," he replied.
As, 48
SILLS, Beverly (7929- ), US operatic soprano. Sheioined the New York City Opera in
1955 and in L979 was named its director.
I One of Miss Sills's elder brothers was a
well-known obstetrician. Someone remarked

to her that he did not attendmanyof her performances."Why shouldhe?"shereplied."l

don't attendhis deliveries."
&.i, 48

SILVERMAN, Fred (1,937- ), US broadcaster and former president of CBS.

1 A few daysbefore Yom Kippur Fred Silverman was askedby t friend if he would be going
home for the holiday. Silvermanaskedon what
dry the event fell. "Wednesday," the friend
informed him. "'Wednesday?"cried Silverman.
"You meanthey'vescheduledYom Kippur opptrsite Charlie's Angelsi"
As, e8
SILVERS, Phil (1912-85), US screen and
teleuision comedian, well known to teleuision uiewers as Sergeant Bilko.
1 A friend of Phil Silverswho saw him as the
Man Who Has Everything and could think of
no gift specialenough,found the perfect solution when Silversarrived for a weekend visit,
driving, appropriately, a Rolls-Royce Silver
Cloud.
"You won't need that bus this weeketrd,"
saidthe host. "Let me take it in for acheckup."
Silversnot objecting, his friend arranged for
the surreptitious overnight installation of a
built-in bar, a high-fidelity cassetteplayer, a
color television set, and a videocassetterecorder. The Rolls was delivered just before
Silverswas to leave Mon d^y morning, and his
friend remarked casually,"You'd better check
before you start out, Phil, just to be sure everything is in shape."
"Oh, that doesn't matterr" said Silvers."lt's
a rented car."
As' aB
SIMENON, Georges (1903-89) , Belgian
nouelist. He is best known as the creator of
Inspector Maigret, the Parisian commissaire
de police, but the Maigret detectiue stories
are only a small part of his prolific output.
I As a young man Simenonwas proud of his
athletic abilities.Once after a late-nightdiscussion in a Lidge bar with a stranger, he challenged the man to a hundred-yard dash. The
course was marked off between lampposts in
the desertedstreet.The racewas run. Much to

509

SINGER

Simenon's chagrin, the stranger held him to a

tie. It was only afterward that he found out that
the man was an Olympic runner.
2 One of the reasonsfor Simenon's prolific
output was the speedat which he was able to
produce a novel. Director Alfred Hitchcock
happened to telephone him from the United
States while he was working on his 158th
novel. Madame Simenon took the call. "l'm
sorry," she said, "Georges is writing and I
would rather not disturb him."
"Let him finish his book," replied Hitchcock. "I'll hang on."

3 Strollingdown ^ Parisianboulevardwith
the playwrightMarcel Pagnolone afternooo,
Simenonsuddenlyexclaimed,"Goodness,she
must be very pretty!" Looking ahead,Pagnol
could seeonly ^ coupleof youngmenwalking
he asked.
in their direction."'Who?\U7here?"
"She's behind us," replied Simenon."Then
how canyou seeher?"askedPagnol."l can'tr"
saidSimenon."But I can seethe look in the
men."
eyesof the approaching
4., -8
SIMON, John Allsebrook, lst Viscount
(1,87
3 -1,954), British politician;lord chancellor
(1940-45).HewasaLiberalMP formanyyears
(1905-78,1922-40),andhelda numberof cabinet offices.
I Simon's talent for temporizing was not appreciated by other politicians. Lloyd George is
'John
Simon has sat
said to have complained,
on the fence so long that the iron has entered
his-er-soul."
6ro ..6
SIMON, Richard Leo (1889-1960),USpublisher. In 1924, with Max L. Schuster(18971971"),he founded the pubtishiing company
Simon and Schuster.
1 Launching a new children's book, Dr. Dan
the BandageMan, Simon decided to include a
free gift of six Band-Aids with each copy. He
cabled a friend at the manufacturers,Johnson
and Johnson: "Please ship half million BandAids immediately." Back came the reply:
"Band-Aids on the way. \7hat the hell h"ppened to you?"
Ar, .8

SINATRA, Frank (1915- ), US singerand

fil* actor.He appearedin a numberof successfrl films, including From Here ro Eternity
(1953),for which he won an Oscar,Guysand
Dolls (1955),and The ManchurianCandidate
(1952).
I In thesummerof L943ratthe open-airStadium in New York City, the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, one of the world's
greatest,gaveits usual distinguishedperformance.The guest"aftist" was Frank Sinatra,
who came up with "Sunday, Monday, or
Always" and similargems.At the closeof his
performance,
acknowledging
the shrieksof his
youngadmirers,Sinatraturnedwith a gracious
gestureto the dazedmusicians
behindhim and
said,"On behalfof myselfand the boysin the
'thanks!'"
band- I want to say
2 Havingsuffereda seriesof faintingfits,Sinatraconsultedhis doctor."How muchmoney
do you earn,Mr. Sinatra?"askedthe doctor.
"somewherebetweenfour hundredthousand
and a million dollarsa yearr" repliedSinatra
"ln that case,"advisedthe doctor,
carelessly.
"I suggestyou go right out and buy yourself
somered meat.You're sufferingfrom malnutrition."
3 Sinatraoften traveledmanymilesout of his
way to visit hospitalizedfriends and sing to
them. It was said that the more seriousthe
illness,the morepunctilioushe wasin visiting.
One friend, who was sufferingfrom a minor
complaintbut wasafraidthatthe doctorswere
not tellinghim the truth, awokesuddenlyin his
hospitalroom to find Sinatraat his bedside.
The singerhad beenin the neighborhoodand
had just calledin. The patientwasappalled."l
knew it!" he yelled."They've been lying to
me!"
Ary ..6
(1904- ), USwriter,
SINGER, IsaacBashevis
born into aJewishfamily in Poland.His works,
written in Yiddish, often deal with traditional
Jewishlife in Poland;they includeGimpel the
Fool (1957),The Slave(1950),and collections
of short stories.SingerwAsawardedthe 1978
NobelPrizefor literAtttre.
I An interviewerasked Singerwhether he
was a vegetarian for religious reasons or

510

SINGER

becauseof his health. "It is out of consideration for the chicken," he replied.
2 Singer was asked whether he believed in
free will or predestination."'We haveto believe
in free willr" he replied."'We'vegot no choice."
A+ e4
SITWELL, Dame Edith (1887-1954),British
poet, daughter of Sir GeorgeSitwell. Sheioined
her brothers Osbert and Saclteuerellas rebels
against bourgeois philistinism. Her most
famous workis Fagade (1922),a seriesof poems
recited to music composed by William Walton.
I Miss Sitwell broke the news to her parents
that she was leaving the family home. "I can
write so much better when I'm aloner" she explained. "And you prefer poetry to human
love?" asked her father. "As a professionr" replied Edith, "yes."
2 (Osbert Sitwell tells about a guest at the
Sitwells' home, Renishaw Hall:)
"A man whom we had neverseenbefore was
wished on us for luncheon one d"y. He was
placed next to my sister, and took it into his
head to enquire of her: 'Do you rememberthis
house being built, Miss Sitwell?' Mrs. [Alice]
Keppel overheardthis, and saidto him quickly:
'My
dear man, be careful!Not even the nicest
girl in the world likes to be askedif she is four
hundred yearsold."'
3 Edith Sitwell was accustomedto ferocious
attacks on her poetry. At one gathering at
which shehad beenreadingsome of her poems
aloud, a woman came up to her and announced, "l just wanted to tell you, Miss Sitwell, that I quite enjoyed your last book of
poems." Shepausedand then seemedabout to
go on when Edith Sitwell interrupted her.
"Now please don't say any morer" she said.
"You mustn't spoil me. It isn't good for me to
be spoiled."
\4

In 1954 Edith Sitwell was given the title

Dame of the British Empire. On a visit to the
United Statesan American came up to her and
aggressively,"Why do you call
isaid rather
'Dame'?"
fyourself
I "I don'tr" she replied. "The queen does."

4., ..t

SITWELL, Sir GeorgeReresby(1850-1943),

British antiquarian and eccentric. His foibles
Are recalledby his son Sir Osbert Sitwell in his
autobiography and in his book of essays,Tales
My Father Taught Me (1952).
I Having in a fit of unsociability banishedall
visitors from his home, Renishaw Hall, Sir
George was soon overcome by boredom. He
confided to Osbert that he felt like taking a
holiday and describedthe sort of hotel that he
thought would suit him: a secluded country
housewith fine grounds,good views,and a few
congenialfellow gueststo whom he could talk.
Osbert immediately recalled a newspaperadvertisement he had seen that morning for
what was clearly an expensiveprivate institution for the mentally deranged.He described
the "hotel" in glowing and inventive terms. Sir
Georgeagreedthat it sounded exactly what he
was looking for. Sir George'ssecretarywas told
to book a room for the month of September,
and the whole Sitwell family joined in extolling
the virtues of the supposedhotel. The eagerly
awaited confirmation of the booking arrived.
Unfortunately, the asylum director had added
a postscript: "Ought a strait-waistcoat to be
sent for Sir Georgeto wear during the journey,
which will be made by van?Three strong and
practisedmale nurseswill, of course, be in attendance, and prepared to quell any disturbance on the way."
2 (Sir Osbert Sitwell recalls a narrowly
avertedcontretempsat atea party at which one
of the guests was a certain Mrs. Brooke. Sir
Georgehad begunthe conversationwith a spirited attack on modern art and from there he
moved on to modern poetry.)
"He was just saying: 'Then there was that
young man who died in the Dardanelles- I
forget his name- they try to make out he wasa
genius,but no good, no good, I canassurelou,'
when with a startlingsuddennessI realizedwhy
Mrs. Brooke's face was so familiar-from
photographsin the Pressof Rupert Brooke: the
resemblancewas very marked; she must be his
mother. I gavemy father a good kick under the
tea-table,but he did not evenpause;only the as
yet undreamt-of H-bomb could have stopped
him. He went on: 'His poems were grossly
over-praisedin the Press.' . . . I could hardly
believemy ears.Could it be true that this was
really happening, or was it just a nightmare

511

S L EZ A K

instalment of an instant in hell? Before, however, his memory could supply the missing
name, the crowning horror was skilfully
'Sir
averted. . . .
Georger' our hostessbravely
oyou
intervened,
are sitting next to Mrs.
Brooke, the mother of that wonderful young
poet, Rupert Brooke. I must tell you, becaus,'
she proceeded, drawing on her imagination,
'before
tea you were just sayingto me - but we
were interrupted - how much you admired his
'how
workr'and continued,
different it is from
the work of that other young poet - I, too,
forget his name for the moment - of whom
you were speaking.'
"My father looked puzzled but said no
more.tt
A$ .4
English poet
SKELTON, John (?1,460-1529),
at the court of Henry VIII. He is best remembered for his lament for the death of a Pet bird,
Phylyp Sparowe.
I Enjoying the position of a licensedjesterat
Henry VIII's court, Skelton could satirize the
great and powerful with virtual impunity. At
last, however, with Why Come Ye Nof to
Courtel he went too far in his attack on Cardinal \7olsey, and the cardinal threw him into
prison. In the Merie Tales, which contain a
number of (probably fictional) anecdotes
about Skelton, he is shown as kneeling before
\tr(olseyto ask for pardon. The cardinal ranted
at him for some time. At last Skelton said, "l
pray Your Grace to let me lie down and wallow, for I can kneel no longer."
A" 't6
SKELTON,
comediAn.

Red [Richard] (1913-

), US

I In 1951 Red Skelton and a party of friends

flew to Europ, where Skelton was to app earat
the London Palladium. As they were flying
over the SwissAlps, three of the airplane's engines failed. The situation looked very grave
and the passengersbeganto pray. Skelton went
into one of his best comic routines to distract
them from the emergency as the plane lost
height, coming closer and closer to the
ominous-looking mountains. At the last moment the pilot spied a large field among the
precipitous slopesand made a perfect landittg.
Skelton broke the relieved silence by sayirg,
"Now, ladies and gentlemen,you may return

to all the evil habits you gave up twenty minutes ago."

t
a

A" "8

SKINNER, CorneliaOtis (1901-1979),US

actressand writer.

Fo' 44
SKINNER, Otis (1858-1942),US
stageactor,
father of Cornelia Otis Skinner.He starredin
many plays,includingHamlet (1895),Kismet
(1911-14),and Bloodand Sand(1921-22).
I At the rehearsal
for hisdaughter's
wedding,
Skinneraskedthe ministerwhat he was supposedto sayin reply to the question:"Who
giveththis woman . . ."
"You don't saya thing, Mr. Skinnerr"repliedthe minister."You justhandyour daughter over.tt
"Nonsenser" said Skinner. "l've
played a walk-on part in my life."

never

A'' 48
SLEZAK, Leo (1,873-1946), Czechoslouak
tenor. A tall and imposing fig4re, he won widespread acclaim for his heroic roles, particulorb
in Wagnerian opera.
I At the end of Wagner's opera Lohengrin a
magic swan appears,drawing a boat to take the
hero back to rejoin the fellowship of the
Knights of the Holy Grail. On one occasion
when Slezakwas singing Lohengrin, the apparatus failed to function properly and sailed off
back into the wings, leavingthe tenor stranded
on the stage.Amid consternation among performers and stage hands Slezak muttered,
"'When does the next swan leave?"
{This story is also told of Lauritz Melchior and JosephTichatschek, but Frederick Jagel, another tenor, vouches for
Slezak.)
2 Slezakhad just left his residencein Vienna
for a performance in Zwich when his valet
discovered that the singer had left behind an
important part of his costume- a magnificent
crown studded with artificial jewels. He

512

SLEZAK

wrapped it up in a sheet of newspaper and

rushed off to the station, where he just had
time to thrust the packageinto his employer's
handsasthe train moved away. During the long
overnight journey, d customs officer boarded
the train. "Anything to declare?"he askedashe
passed through Slezak'scompartment. "No,
nothing," replied the singer,who had been trying to catch a few hours' sleep.The customs
officer glanced around the compartment.
"Open that!" he snapped, pointing at the
hastily wrapped package. With ill-disguised
irritatioo, Slezak tore off the newspaper and
uncovered the crown. The customs officer
gasped. Then, standing to attentioD, he ex' claimed, "Oh! Incognito! Please excuse ffi,
Your Majesty."
A" 't8
SMITH, Adam (L723-90), Scottisheconomist
and philosopher. His fame restson his Inquiry
into the Nature and Causesof the \U(ealthof
Nations (1776).

Turning to Walker,Smithsaid,"Gee, I hopej

we're right!"
d
2 Irritatedby the constantinterruption,of
aI
heckler,Smithoncepausedin the middleof "f
speech."Go ahead,Al, don't let me botherI
you," shoutedthe heckler."Tell 'em all you I
know. It won't take you long." Smith was\
quick to respond."lf I tell 'em all we both t
knowr" he cried, "it won't take me any \
longer."
3 During one of his termsasgovernor of New
York, Smith was late for a broadcast he was
due to make. He haileda taxi to take him to the
radio station, but the driver, who did not recognize the governor, refused to take him. He
explained that he was in a hurry himself, anxious to be home in time to hear Governor
Smith talk on the radio. Smith, flattered, held
out a five-dollar bill and repeatedhis request.
The driver's eyeslit up. "Hop in, mister," he
said, "and to hell with the governor."
Al, ..6

I Smith was known for his absentmindedness.One Sunday morning he wandered into
his garden wearing only a nightgown and soon
becameengrossedin philosophicalcontemplation. Totally absorbed in his train of thought,
he went out into the street and beganwalking
in the direction of Dunfermline. He had covered the twelve miles to the town before the
ringing of the church bells aroused him from
his reverie. Regular churchgoers arriving for
the morning servicewere astonishedto find the
eminent philosopher in their midst, still clad
only in his nightgown.

Al, ..6
US
SMITH, Alfred Emanuel (1,873-1.944),
politician.Electedgouernorof Neut York State
four times(1918,1922,1924,1925),hecarried
out many reforms.
I Smith was in Albany for a political convention, along with James \il7alker,Herbert Lehman, and many others. One morning, after a
night of heavy drinking, Smith and Walker,
both Cadyalic, felt that they ought to go to
early massasit was a Roman Catholic holy d"y.
Tiptoeing through the hotel suite, they looked
wistfully at Lehman and their otherJewish colleagues,who were still peacefully sleepingoff
the effects of the previous night's excesses.

SMITH, Bessie (1894-1,937), US black iazz

singer,known as the"Empress of the Blues." At
the height of her fame in the 1920s she made
records with Louis Armstrong and Fletcher
Henderson.
I In September1937 BessieSmith, traveling
with her white businessman agernear Clarksdale, Mississippi, was seriously iniured in an
auto accident.The doctor who arrived on the
scenedirected that the manager,who was suffering from concussion,should be sent to the
nearbyhospital but that the singershould go to
a "blacks only" hospital many miles away. She
bled to death before she got there.
Ar' 48
SMITH, F[rederick] E[dwin], lst Earl of Birkenhead (1872-1930), British banister and
Consentatiue politicinn. He was attorney general from 1915until 1919,when he becamelord
chancellor. In this capacity be wls responsible
for the prosecution of the lrish nationalist Sir
RogerCasement. An extremely capable lawyer
w;ih a ready wit, Smith was the subiect of MargotAsquith's quip: "Very cleuer,but his brains
go to his head."
1 A distinguishedOxford don had a panicular way of snubbing clever young undergradu-

,
I

I
I
t
I

I
t

513
ates.He would invite the studentto accompany hip on a long walk, leaving it .to his
companionto start the conversation.After a
lengthysilencethe embarrassed
studentwould
usuallymake somebanalremark,and would
immediatelybe crushedby the don's reply.
The undergraduate
F. E. Smith,awareof the
don'stactics,setoff for the walk with his own
plan of action carefullyworked out. The two
menwalkedin completesilencefor morethan
an hour, and for onceit wasthe don's turn to
feelembarrassed.
"They tell mer"hewasfinally
compelledto utter, "they tell meyou'reclever,
Smith.Are you?"
"Yesr" repliedSmith..
No further word was exchangeduntil the
men returnedto the college."Goodbye,sirr"
saidSmith,"I've so much enioyedour talk."
'u2

As a young man Smith represented a tram-

way companyin a suit broughtby a boy who

had beenblinded.The judgedirectedthat the
boy belifted onto a chairso that theiury could
seehim properly.Thinkingthismadean undue
emotionalappealto the iury'ssympathy,Smith
protested:"Your Honor, wh)rnot passthe boy
aroundthe iuty box?" The iudgerebukedhim
for his improperremark."Promptedr" Smith
said,"by an equallyimpropersuggestion."
Preferringnot to pursuethat one,the judgetried
to quashthe young lawyerby quoting Francis
Baconat him: "Youth and discretionare illweddedcompanions."Smithwasreadywith a
counter-quotation:"My lord, the sameBacon
alsosaidthat a much-talkingjudgewaslike an
ill-tunedcymbal."The judgefrowned."Now
you are beingoffensive,Mr. Smithr" he said.
"W. both arer"agreedSmith."The difference
fi'*is
that I am tryingto be,andyou can'thelpit."
3 Smith once cross-examined
a young mani 1f\
claimingdamagesfor an arm injury causedby, {
the negligence
of a busdriver."\fi[ you pleasef
showushow highyou canlift your arrnnow?'l
askedSmith.The youngmangingerlyraisedhiC
arm to shoulderlevel,his face distortedwitli
pain. "Thank your" said Smith. "And nowL
pleasewill you showushow highyou couldliff
it beforethe accident?"The youngmaneagerlf'
shothisarmup abovehishead.He losthiscas{
4 Smith was cross-examining
a rather ner-r
-bran
vous witness. "Have you ever
married?".
he asked.

SMITH, F. E.

5 Smith was conducting a lengthy and complicated casebefore a judge whom he regarded
as slow and pedantic. As the case drew to its
close, the iudge intimated that some of the
issues involved were no longer clear to him,
upon which Smith gavethe judge a short but
very cogent account of all the issuesand their
implications. As Smith sat down, the iudge
thanked him courteously, but added, "I'm
sorry, Mr. Smith, but I regret that I am none the
wiser." Smith rose wearily to his feet again

"Possibly,my lord, but you are better in

formed."
6 WinstonChurchill'spowersof oratorybecamea legend;hisbroadcasts
to the nadonand
his speeches
in the Houseof Commonsduring
World War II are world-famous.Not all his
friends,however,werecomplimentary.In the
L920s,for example,F. E. Smith complained,
"'S7instonhasdevotedthe bestyearsof his life
to preparinghis impromptuspeeches."
7 Smith annoyedthe patrons of London's
AthenaeumClub, of *fri.t he was not a
member,by frequenllymakinguseof their toilet facilitieson hisway to the Houseof Lords.
One daya porter drewhisattentionto the fact
that the clubwasfor membersonly."Ohr" said
Smith,"is it a club aswell?"
8 F. E. Smith was a guest at \il7ilton House.
His host, Lord Pembroke, was showing him
the family portraits. He explained that wheneverone of his ancestorshad had an illegitimate
child their practice had been to give it the surname Montgomery. Smith turned this over in
his mind and then said, "If such an untoward
event should happen to me, God forbid that I
should deny my child the name of Smirh."
9 Smith teased Lord Chief Justice Gordott I
Hewart about the size of his stomach, asking f
him if he was expectinga boy or a girl. "If it's ai

boy,I'll callfri*1ohrr,;?r.pniaHeirrr,"andif f

I
I

\
)
|
I
I
/t

51,4

SMITH, F. E.

it's a girl I'll callher Mary. But if, asI suspect,

it's only wind, I'll callit F. E. Smith."
Taft mak{The USversionhasPresident
ing this retort to SenatorChauncey
Depew.)
As, e8
British
SMITH, LoganPearsall(1855-1945),
writer and critic.
I Logan PearsallSmith was asked shortly
before his death whetherhe had found any
, meaningin life. "Yes," he replied,"there it t
; meaning;at leastfor me,thereis onethiry that
i' matters- to set a chimeof words tinkling m
the mindsof a few fastidiouspeople."
As' '4
SMITH, Sydney(177I-1845)
, Britishclergyman and author.He liuedAsa youngman in
Edinburgh,wherehe becamepart of a brilliant
andhelped
circleof politiciansandphilosophers
found the EdinburghReview.His quick wit
madehim a fauoriteof Londonsocietywhenhe
mouedsoutb.
1 In Edinburgh Smith was out walking with a
friend one day when they came across two
women screaminginsults at each other from
second-storywindows on opposite sidesof a
narrow street. "Those two will never resolve
their differences," Smith remarked to his
friend. "They are speakingfrom separatepremises.t'
2 At a garheringSydneySmith met the lawyer
and philosopherSirJamesMackintosh with his
young Scottishcousin,an ensignin one of the
Scots regiments. The young man asked Sir
Jamesin an undertone whether this was "the
great Sir SidneySmith," hero of the defenseof
Acre against Napoleon in 1'799. Before Sir
Jamescould put the young man right, Sydney
Smith had embarkedon an account of the siege
of Acre, completewith descriptionof gunsand
attacks and counterattacks.The young ensign
was entrancedby this displayof friendlinesson
the part of the famousadmiral,while the rest of
the party scarcelyknew how to keep a straight
f ace.
A few dayslater SirJamesand his cousin met
SydneySmith and his wife walking in the street.
Smith introduced his wife and they talked for a
few minutes. As the Smiths moved otr, the

young Scot said in a low voice, "I didna think

the great Sir Sidneywas married."
"Why, r, ooro' said Sir James,floundering
f.or a moment before inspiration struck, "no,
not exactly married- only an Egyptian slave
he brought over with him. Fatima- you know
- you understand."
The nickname"Fatima" stuck to Mrs. Smith
for a long time thereafter among her friends.
3 Vhen Francis Jeffrey was lord advocate,
the polar explorerJohn Rosstried to persuade
him to get the government to financean expedition to the North Pole.A man who agreedto
act as intermediary called on Jeffrey at an unlucky moment, when he was just about to go
out riding and did not want to be detained.
Jeffrey becamemore and more impatient and
eventuallyburst out, "Damn the North Pole!"
The aggrieved intermediary complained to
SydneySmith about Jeffrey'slanguage."Never
mind," said Smith, "never mind his damning
the North Pole. I have heard him speakdisrespectfully of the equator."
4 Sydney Smith becameembroiled in an ar- !
gument with a country squire who was being J
fbusiue about the Churih of England. Th; f
sq-uireconclua:4 by sayingthat if lt. had a sonJ
who was a fool he would make him a parson.i
"V.ry probably,"
'of retorted Smith, "but I seei
a different mind."
your f"itttt *"i
5 A lady was moaning about the oppressive
heat. Smith courteously agreed with her:
"Heat, madam!It was so dreadful that I found
there was nothing for it but to take off my flesh
and sit in my bones."
6 The lady seatednext to him at dinner rejected an offer of gravy."Madam," saidSydney
Smith, "l have been looking for a personwho
disliked gravy all my life; let us swear eternal
friendship."
7 Sydney Smith was disturbed one morning
at his work by self-important little man who
announcedthat" he was compiling a history of
the distinguishedfamilies of Somersetand was
calling to identify the Smith arms. Sydney
Smitlr regretted he was unable to help: "The
Smiths have never had any arms' and have invariablysealedtheir letterswith their thumbs."

515

SNEAD

8 SydneySmith called on the newly appointed bishop of New Zealandro bid him
farewellbeforehe setsailfor hisdiocese.
Bearingin mind the repurationof thenariveinhabitants as cannibals,Smith advisedthe bishop
alwaysto keep"a smokedlittle boy in the baconrack and a cold clergymanon the sideboard.As for yourselfr"he continued,"all I
cansayis that whenyour new parishioners
do
eatyou, I sincerelyhopethat you will disagree
with them."
9 S)mtritl
ithI O<)n(ce3 COmrpl
rlai
iln redofr thr
tne: Pr!
rorsiness
off
r are: w'ril
)me
so)m(
S;er
rerm
m(
ronl
g )r ' Threy
onl S t, sayir
ng
ntten as if
'eto
n wverre
beetaken
sir
:or be
r oul
o r t (o f ma
t
r an
n lil
l ik ef''
Eve out of
(
A(dan
m - bv
rtting
h;
rin
)u
m to sle
e ep.
eD.t
vYpP
(3'

tt

10 On receivinga basketof strawberries

from
one of his parishioners,
Smithwrote in reply,
"'Whatis realpiety?What is trueattachmenrto
the Church?How are thesefine feelingsbest
evinced?
The answeris plain:by sendingsrrawberriesto a clergyman.Many thanks."
ll
Someoneremarked that philosopher and
mathematician William Whewell's forte was
science."Yesr" said Smith, "and his foible is
omniscience."
12 A plan was mooted to lay awooden pavement around St. Paul's cathedral in London.
"Let the dean and chapter lay their headstogether and the thing will be done," said Smith.
3 SydneySmith neverattainedthe eminence
in the church that might have been expected,
mainly becausethe Anglican esrablishmenrdisapproved of his attitude toward Roman Catholic emancipation,evincedin the PeterPlymley
Letters (1807-08). Comparing his own career
with that of his brother, Robert Percy,Sydney
Smith obsenred,"He rose by gravity; I sank by
levity,"

A" a8
SMUTS, JatrChristiaan(1,870-1950),
South
Africanphilosopherand statesman;
prime minister of the Union of SouthAfrica (1919-24,
L939-48),which he was instramentalin forming in 1910.
| \Triter and journalist\il7ynfordVaughanThomasonceaccompanied
Smutson a "morning stroll" up Table Mountain. The yearwas

1,947; Smuts was sevenry-six and VaughanThomas some thirty-eight years younger. As
the writer arrived at the summit, a full ten minutes after his companion, Smutsremarked with
a smile: "Young man, at my age I haven't as
much time as you for loitering."
Ar, {8
SMYTH, Dame Ethel (1858-1944), British
composer and author. Her struggleto becomea
musician in the face of her father's opposition
made her an ardent feminist. Sbe composed a
number of large-scalechoral works.

I (LeonardandVirginialilToolfinvitedDame
Ethel, then quite elderly,to dinner at their
houseat Rodmellin Sussex.)
"DameEthelbicycledthe twgntymilesfrom
the villagewhereshelivedto Rodmell,dressed
in rough tweeds.About two miles from her
destinationshe decidedthat perhapsshewas
not suitably dressedfor a dinner party. She
thoughtthat possiblycorsetswererequiredto
smartenup her figure.Accordingly,shewent
into a villageshopandaskedfor somecorsets.
Therewerenone.Distressed,
shelookedround
the shop and her eyelighted on a bird cage,
which shepurchased.
About twenty minutes
later,Virginiawent into hergardento discover
DameEthelin a stateof undressin the shrubbery strugglingwith the bird cage,which she
was wrenchinginto the shapeof corsetsand
forcingunderher tweeds."
Ary ".8
SNEAD, Sam(1912- ), US golfer.He won
three Masters tournamentsand three ProfessionalGolfers' Association cbampionships,and
wls stillplayingcompetitiuelywhenin his sixties.
I Passingthrough Rome in L96L, Snead
stoppedfor an audiencewith PopeJohn.The
golferhadnot beenplayingwell for somerime,
and he confessedto one of the papalofficials:
"I broughtalongmy putter,on the chancethat
the popemight blessit." The monsignornodded sympathetically.
"l know, Mr. Sneadr"he
said."My puttingis absolutelyhopeless
too."
Sneadlookedat him in amazement.
"If you liue
here and can't puttr" he exclaimed,"what
chanceis therefor me?"
Ar, -8

515

SOBF{UZA II

kingofSwaziland
SOBHVZ AII (1899-1982),
(1921.-82).
I KingSobhuza calleda meetingof hisministo discussrecentmissionsto
tersand advisers
otherAfricanstates.Suddenly,for no apParent
reason,he askedall his officials,with the exceptionof Dr. SamuelHynd, the ministerof
hellth, to leave.Turning to the doctor, Sobhuza said,"l am going." Hynd, a little surprised,askedtheobviousquestionr"'Whereare
you going?"By way of reply, the king simply
smiled,raisedhis hand in a farewellgesture,
and died.
Ar, -4
SOCRATES (c. 469-399sc), Greekphilosopher. Although he wrote nothing himself,his
ideassuntiuein thewritingsof Platoand Xenophon. Socratesbrokewith earlierphilosophical
traditionsand laid the foundationsfor the deuelopmentof both ethicsand logic.Refusingto
bow to tyrannlt whetherexercisedby the mob
or by oligarchs,Socrateswastried on thecharge
of c:omrptingthe youngpeopleof Athensand
to deathby drinking hemlock.
sentenced
I Knowing the frugaliry of Socrates'way of
life, a friend was surprised to discover the philosopher studying with rapt attention some
flashy wares on display in the marketplace. He
inquired why Socrates came to the market,
since he never bought anything. "I am always
amazedto see iust how many things there are
that I don't needr" replied Socrates.

2 Socrates'wife, Xantippe, visited him in

prisonand bewailedthe jury'scondemnation.
"They are by their naturealso condemnedr"
Socratessaid."But the condemnationis uniust!"persistedXantippe."'S[ouldyou preferit
to be iust?"askedSocrates.
A''

ttg

SOLOMON (c.973-c.933BC),kingof Israel.

He is renownedfor hauingbuilt thefirst temple
at ! erusalemand for his greatwisdom, uthich
becameprouerbial.
1 Two prostitutesliving alone in the same
house had babieswithin three days of each
other.Onebabydied,and its motherstolethe
other while the mother slept,substitutingthe
corpseof her own baby.Although the other

woman noticed the deception,the first woman

refused to relinquish the baby. So they came
before King Solomotr, each claiming that the
living child was hers.The king commandedhis
officers to bring a sword and when it was
brought ordered that the baby be cut in two;
one half would then be given to one woman
and the other half to the other. The rightful
mother, stirred with love and pity for her child,
said, "O -y lord, give her the living child, and
in no wise slay it." But the other woman said,
"Let it be neither mine or thine, but divide it."
The king, perceiving that the compassion of
the first woman had idendfied her as the true
mother, ordered that the baby should be given
to her.
{Among the most famous judgments in
'\trVestern
history.)
Ar, ..6
SOLON (c. 639-c. 559 BC),Greek legislator
and statesmnn.Coming to power in Athens in
594 BC,he remodeled the constitution, introduced new laws, reformed weights and measuresand the coinage,encouragedindustr!, and
prohibited loans on the security of the borrower's person.
I Solon's sweepingchangesnaturally camein
for a good deal of criticism. Solon himself ac-,
knowledged that there were imperfections inl
his legal code. Challengedto say whether he
had given the Athenians the best laws, he replied mildly, "No, but the best that they could
receive."
2 Asked what measurescould be taken to
eliminate law-breaking and crime within a
state,Solon replied, "'Wrongdoing can only be
avoided if those who are not wronged feel the
sameindignation at it as those who are."
AD, 48
SOMERSET, Charles Seymour' 6th Duke of
(1,662-1748),Britisb courtier, known as "the
Proud Duke."
I The duke's first wife was Elizabeth,heiress
to the great name and fortune of the Percys,
dukes of Northumberland. When she died in
L722, he married again; his second wife was
Charlotte Finch, third daughter of the Earl of
Nottingham. Charlotte once made the mistake
of tapping playfully on her husband'sarm with

517

SPELLMAN

her fan to attract his attention.He turned on

her and saidicily, "Madam,ffiy first wife wasa
Percy,and shenevertook sucha liberty."
Ar, ..6

find it comfonlngrhat,beginningwith our very I

first 9.I, ry. find ourselvesin Juch compl,t'rf
unanimity."
I
6r, .16

SOPHOCLES(496-405BC),Greekdramatist.
He wroteabout 120plays,whichwonbimfame
andpopularrlyamonghis contemporariesi
only
leuen tragediessuraiue,amongthem Oedipui
Rex and Antigone.

SPEAIGHT, Robert William (1904-I97G),

EnglishactorandAuthor.He playedmostof the
maior Shakespearean
rolesat the OldVic, London, in the 1930s.He alsowrote a numberof
biographies.
\\
I Speaight
oncesuffereda mosrembarrassing
I
momentwhileplayingthetitle rolein a produc- II
tion of Hamletat the old vic. A ratheiviolent l n
lungein the fight scenecausedhim to rip his Ji \I \
tightsand inadverrendyexposehimselfto the
audience.KnowingSpeaight
to beanextremely i\
sensitive
man,the restof the companyractfully I
i
"forgot" the incident. Later that season
Speaightgave a magnificenrperformanceas i
:
King John. Standingbesidehim in the gentle1
men's lavatory one evening,a fellow actor
!
struggledto think of somethingro sayto the i
great man. "By the way, Bobbyr" he finally
ventured,"m ay I sayhow muchI admiredyour
John?"
Ar, .e6

I At the ageof eighty-nineSophocleswas

broughtbeforea court of law by his son,who,
suspecting
that the playwrightintendedro cur
him out of hiswill, wishedto havehim certified
as sufferingfrom senility.Sophoclessaidsimply, "If I am Sophocles,
I am nor our of my
mind;if I am out of my mind,I am not Sophocles."He thenproceededto readto the court
passages
from the Oedipusat Colonus,which
he had lately written but not yer staged.The
the case.
iudgesdismissed
Al,

'i

i
i

.16

SOUTHEY, Robert (1774- 1843),Britishpoet

and prosewriter; poetlaureate(1813-43).His
proseworks includea Life of Nelson (1813),
many letters,essays,
and criticism.
I Southeyenjoyedmaking a paradeof thel
regularityof his life and the industriousness
ofi
his habits. Intending to impress a certain
Quakerlady,he told her the full routineof his
d"y; risingat 5:00 A.M.,readingSpanishfrom
5:00to 8:00,readingFrenchfrom 8:00to 9:00,
writing poetry for rwo hours, writing prose I
ditto, and so on through to bedtime.The lady t
heard his recital out and then asked,"And I
pray,Friend,when dost thou think?"

I
T

I
I

SPELLMAN, FrancisJoseph(1839-1967),
US RomanCatholiccardinctl,nicknamed"the
AmericAnpope."
I As a boy of eight Frank Spellmanusedto
hglpout in hisfather'sgrocerystore.Onepiece
of advicethat SpellmanSr.gavehissonstuckin
the future cardinal'smind: "Always associate
with peoplesmarterrhan yourself,and you'll
\
haveno difficultyfindingthem."

Ar, 48
SPAAK, Paul Henri (1899-1,972),Belgian
statesman;socialistprime minister(1935-39,
1947-50) and four times foreign minister
(1935-39,1939-46,1954-57,1951_55).
He
w.as?residentof the first GeneralAssemblyof
the United Nations (194G)and from 1957to
1961was secretarygeneralof NATO.
I Presidingover the first GeneralAssembly\
meeting,Spaakclosed it with these wordsrI
"Our agendais now exhausted.The secretary|
generalis exhausted.
All of you areexhausted.iI

2 Receivinga generousdonarionfor charity

from the Roman catholic organization thl
Knights-ofColumbus,CardinalSpellmanpresentedthe newlyappointedGrandKnightwith
a medallionof PopeJohn XXIU. Tha Grand
{4gttt, overcomeby nerves,droppedthe medallionand hastilybent down to iCtrieveit. As
he did so, he heard the cardinal murrnur,
"Heads!"
3 In conversation
with a localbusinessman
in
a busy New York post office,CardinalSpellman happenedto remark that he was feeling
rathertired. "Tell ffi,Your Eminencer"askeJ
the businessman,
"with all thework you do, do

518

SPELLMAN

you everget so tired that you forget to sayyour

prayers
- 'iNo,"at night?"
replied Spellmanwith a smile."'When
I'm so tired I can't keep my eyesopen, I simply
'D.earGo-d,-yo-ukryowI've beenworking
say:
ll
your uneyard all d^y.If you don't mind, could
we skip the details till morning?"'
As' qt
SPENCER, Herbert (L 820-1903),British phi'
losopher and economist. He was a warm su?poie,
of Darutinism and coinedthe phrasg"th.e
-suntiual
of the fittest" in his Prrnciplesof Biology (1854, L867). He applied Darutinism to
social and economiclife in his numerouspublications.
I Spencerwas playing billiards with a subaltern who was a highly proficient player. In a
game of fifty up Spencergavea miss in balk and
his opponent made a run of fifty and out in his
first inning. The frustrated philosopher remarked, "A certain dexterity in gamesof skill
arguesa well-balancedmind, but such dexterity as you have shown is evidence'I fear, of a
misspentyouth."
{This anecdoteis also ascribedto Robert
Louis Stevenson.)

A'' '4
SPENSER,Edmund(?1552-99),Englishpoet.
met
After studying at Cambridge.,Spe,nse.r
Pbilip Sidney,-withwhom he formeda llterary
by thisliterary
club,-theAreopagts.Encouraged
be publishedhis first maiorwork,
atmosphere,
Calender (1579),and began
The Shepheardes
The FaerieQueene(1589'
his epic-romAnce
He wasgranteda postin Ireland(1580)
1,596).
and spentmuch of the restof his life there.I.n
1598his residence,Kilcolman castle,was destroyed in a rebellion,and the poet returned
desiituteto England,wherehe died soonafteru,thrd.
presentedsomeof his poetry to
I Spenser
who receivedit graciously
Elizabeth,
Queen
Lord Burghatrainstructedthe lord treasurer,
l.y, to paythe poet a hundredpounds.Burghl.y, a piudentkeeperof the royalpurse-strings,
a recomprotestedthat it wasfar too generous
i.nt..
-qu..n,"Then givehim whatis reason,"saidthe
forgot
however,conveniently
Burghley,
waitedP"to makethe payment,and Spenser
hedecided
Eventually
tientlyfor somemonths.

that he would have to petition the queen himself, so he found an opportunity to presentto
her the following rhyme: "l was promised on a
time/ To have reason for my rhyme;/ From
that time unto this season,/ I received nor
rhyme nor reason." Elizabeth scolded Lord
Burghley and ordered immediate payment.
2 When Spenserfirst showedportions of The
FaerieQueenetothe Earl of Southampton,that
great connoisseurof literature was enchanted
by what he read. "Go bear Master Spensera
tItD 4Lathe uullllltarr(.rsttl
Ils
commanded his
gift of
of twenry
twenty pounds,"
POuItgS,
$ft
iendants. He read on, and againthe charms of
the poetry encouragedhim to further generosi'Go
bear Master Spenseranother twe-nty
ity:
pounds." Still he went on reading, ald then
lried out a third time, "Go turn that fellow out
of my house, for I shall be ruined if I read
further."
A$, ..6
Mickey [Frank Morrison]
SPILLANE,
(1918- ), US writer of detectiuestoriesfeatur'
ing the characterMike Hammer.
I Authors become impatient with eagerstudents of their work who find symbolismwhere
none was intended.When the subiectcameup
at a meeting of the Mystery lilTritersof America, Spillane dismissedany profound conclusions that might have been drawn from the
drinking habits of his most famous character.
"Mike Hammer drinks beer, not cognac, becauseI can't spell cognacr" he declared.
Ar, 48
SPOONER, William Archibald (1844-1930),
British scholar, Warden of New College, Oxford (1903-24). He gauehis nnme to the uerbal
trick, accidental or otherutise, known as a
spoonerism- the transposition of the initial
litters of words, especiallyto giue a comic effect;
for instance,"a half-walmed fish" for "a halfformed wish."
1 Announcing the next hymn in a senricein
New College chapel, Warden Spooner said,
"Kinquering congstheir titles take."
{This seemsto be one of the best-attested
spoonerisms, but there are of course
scoresof likely but probably apocryphal
examples: calling Victoria "our queer
old dean" in a seruice for her Jubilee;
scolding an undergraduatefor "hissing

519

STAEL

his mystery lectures" and telling him to

leave Oxford by "the next town drain"l
etc.)
2 Meeting a srranger in the New College
quad?ngle, \Tarden Spooner could recall only
that the man was a recent addition to the college Fellows. "Come to tea tomorrowr" he
said hospitably, "I'm giving a little party for the
new mathematicsFellow."
"But, \ilfardenr" said the stranget,"I am the
new mathematicsFellow."
\ "Never mind. Come all the same."
3 \7hen Christian Socialismwas first becoming a significant movement, someone asked
Spooner whether there were many Christian
Socialistsat New College.After pondering the
question, Spooner said that he thought there
were just two: Dr. Rashdall (a clerical Fellow
of New College)and himself. "Butr" Spooner
continued, "I'm not very much of a socialist
and Dr. Rashdall isn't very much of a Christian.tt
4 "Mr. Spoonerwas one eveningfound wandering disconsolately about the streets of
'I've
Greenwich.
been here hoursr' he said. 'l
had an important appointment to meet someone at "The Dull Man, Greenwichr" and I can't
find it anywhere; and the odd thing is no one
seemsto haveheard of it.' Late at night he went
'You idiot!'
back to Oxford.
exclaimed his
'*hy,
it was the Green Man, Dulwich,
wife;
you had to go to."'
f

5 (Sprinklingsalt over wine spilled on a linen

tablecloth is said to prevent a stain.)
At dinner one d^y, Dr. Spooneraccidentally
upset the salt-cellaron the clean white linen
I tablecloth. tilTithouta moment's hesitation,he
reached for his wine glass and poured a few
drops of claret over the spilled salr.
{Authenticity not guaranteed.}

A'' ..r8
SPURGEON, Charles Haddon (1834-92),
British Baptist minister. While still in his early
twenties, Spurgeon became famous as a
preacher and continued fo, many years to
command a uast audience for his oratory and
writings, which had a pronounced Caluinist
character.
1 \7hen Spurgeonwas involved in one of the
many controversies that marked his career,a

friend remarked jocularly, "I hear you are in

hot water again."
"I'm not the one in hot waterr" retorted
Spurgeon."The other fellows are. I'm the man
who makes the water boil."
2 "Oh, Mr. Spurgeotr,that was wonderful!"
cried an admirer after one of Spurgeon's sermons.
"Yes, madam- so the devil whispered into
my ear as I came down the stepsof the pulpit."
As' 4t
SQUIRE, Sir John Collings(1884-1958),British poet, anthologist, and critic. A leaderamong
the Georgian poets (1918-25), he edited the
London Mercury fo, many years and wrote
popular parodies and esslys.
I Squire wrote an article for the London
New Statesman about Shakespeare'sA Midsummer Night's Dream.Vhen the proofs were
sent to him, he observedthat the name "Hermia" appeared as "Hernia." He let it stand,
adding an asteriskand an author's note: "l cannot bring myself to interfere with my printer's
first fine carelessrupture."
Ar, q8
STAEL, Anne Louise Germaine, Baronne de
(1,756-1817), French writer. The daughter of
tbe French financier and statesman Jacques
Necker, Madame de Stael wAs deeply inuolued
in French political life from the Reuolution to
the ouerthrow of Napoleon. Among her many
louers she numbered Talleyrand. Once a great
admirer of Napoleon, she became implacably
opposed to him. He exiled her and suppressed
her books.
I In 1,797Napoleon still seemedto Mme de
Stael the epitome of the hero who would
bring peaceand sanity back to France.Shepur- t
sued and flattered him, but he eluded her at- \
tentions wheneverpossible.On one occasion
shecalledat his house,demandingto be admitted at once to Napoleon'spresence.The butler
explained that that was impossible since the
generalwas in his bathtub. "No matter!" Mme
de Staelcried. "Genius has no sex!"
li

2 In 1803 Mme de Staelpublishedher feminist novel Delphine, in which she herself appears, flimsily concealed,as the heroine. The

520

STAEL

! opinions and character of Talleyrand are em-

in thefictionalfigureof thebook'svilUbaiea
Mme de vernon.when Talleyrand
lainess,

next saw Mme de Stael,he greetedher with the

; words: "They tell me we are both of us in your
i nouel, in the disguiseof women."
'
I

3 Mme de Stael's officiousnesscould be a

trial even to her friends. Talleyrand remarked
: that shewas such a good friend that shewould
1 throw all her acquaintancesinto the water for
I the pleasureof fishing them out again.
4 Mme de Staeltold the story of how sheand
the beautiful Mme R6camier were seated at
dinner on either side of a young fop, who announced,"Here I am betweenwit and beauty."
"Quite sor" saidMme de Stael,"and without
either."
possessing
5 Told by Napoleon that it was not fitting for
a woman to take an interest in politics, Madame de Stael retorted, "ln a country where
women havebeendecapitated,it is only natural
''Why?"'
for other women to ask
As, q8
STAFFORD, Jean (1'91'5-79), US writer;
Pulitzer Prize winner in 1970 for her Collected
Stories.
1 An old cowhand in Colorado, learningthat
Jean Stafford was a writer, observed,"That's
real nice work, Jean.It's somethingyou can do
in the shade."
Al,

q8

STALIN, Joseph[Iosif Dzhugashvili](18791953), Russianleader.He becamegeneralsecretary of the C ommunist party (1922). On Lenin's
death Stalin ruthlessly eliminated all his riuals
and emergedas unchallengeddictator at the end
of the 1920s. His fiue-yearplans for collectiuization in industry and agriculture led to a reign
of terror in which millions died. He led the Souiet Union througbout lYorld War II and at the
peace
conferencesafterutard establishedSouiet
-hegemony
in Eastern Europe, while attacking
with increasingbitterness his erstwhile allies in
the noncommunist world.
1 Lady Astor was one of a group of eminent
Englishvisitorsto Russiain 193I. Never one to

minceherwords,sheaskedStalin,"How lon$
areyou goingto go on killing peoplg?_'
repliedStalin. i
"As longai it's necess4Ar"
2 During the 1.945 conferenceat Yalta in the
SovietUnion, Winston Churchill and the British delegationwere housed in the Alubka p?lace. On the grounds was a marble statue of a
dozing lion, its head resting on its front paws,
to which Churchill took a greatliking. As he
explainedto Stalin,"lt's so like me." He added
that he understood there was a Russiantradition of presentingthe best thingsin the country
to important visitors. "Yes, indeed," responded Stalin. "The best thing we have in
Russia now is socialism." The lion stayed
where it was.
As, 48
STANLEY, Sir Henry Morton (1841-1904),
British explorer and iournalist. He was sent by
the New York Herald to look for the explorer
Dauid Liuingstone,wbo was missing on A iourney in central Africa. After meetingat Uiiii, they
explored Lake T anganyika together.
| (Stanley,encouragedby rumors of a white
man on the shores of Lake Tanganyika,
'1.87I.)
reachedUjiii on November L0,
"As I advanced slowly towards him, I noticed he was pale, looked wearied, had ^ Sray
beard,wore a bluish capwith a faded gold band
round it, had on a red-sleevedwaistcoat and a
pair of graytweed trousers.I would haverun to
him, only I was a coward in the presenceof the
have embraced him, only, he
mob-would
being an Englishmao,I did not know how he
would receiveme. So I did what cowardiceand
false pride suggestedwas the best thing walked deliberatelyup to him, took off my hat
'Dr. Livingstone, I presume?''Yesr'
and said,
saidhe with a kind smile,lifting his cap slightly.
I replacemy hat on my head,and he puts on his
cap, and we both grasp hands, and I then say
aloud -'l thank God, Doctor, I havebeenper'I
mitted to seeyou.' He answered, feel thankful that I am here to welcome you."'
As' a8
STANTON,
colonel.

Charles E. (1859-1933), US

1 On the Fourth of July I9L7 the American

Expeditionary Forces,newly arrived in Europe

52r

STEIN

to fight in World War I, senra conringenttoi

visit the graveof Lafayetrein Paris.Genera{
Pershingasked Colonel Stanton to make d
speechon behalfof the A.E.F.Stantonmadd
the memorablysimple announcement:"L^f
fayette,we are here!"
I
{The words havealsobeenattributedto I
Pershinghimself,who claimedneverro I
havesaid"anythingso splendid.")
Ar, '.E
STANTON, ElizabethCady (1815-1902),
US reformer and campaignerfo, utomen's
rights.
I At a women'srightsconventionin Rochester, a marriedclergymanrebukedMrs. Stanton
for speakingin public. "The apostlePaul enioined silenceupon womenr" he said."Why
don't you mind him?" "The apostlePaulalso
enjoinedcelibacyupon the clergy," reroft
Mrs. Stanton."\il7hydon't you mind him?"
{For SusanB. Anthony'ssimilarretort to
a sexistabolitionist, seeANrHoNy 1..)
Ar, '.8
STARK, John (1728-1822),US generAl.He
sentedin theFrenchand Indianwar and in the
American Reuoluti on,securinga notableui ctory
at Benningtonin 7777.He becamea maiorgeneralin 1.783.
I On August'l.5r1,777
rStark'smenfacedtwo
detachments
of Burgoyne'stroopsat Bennington, Vermont.Beforethe battleStarkmadean
impassionedappeal to his men's pride and
courage."Yonder arethe Hessians.
Theywere
boughtfor sevenpoundsand tenpence a man.
Are you worth more?Prove it. Tonight the
Americanflagfloatsfrom yonderhill or Molly
Starksleepsa widow!"
Ar, {6
STEELE, Sir Richard (7672-1729),British
dramatistand essay-writer.He is bestrememberedfor his collaborationwith JosephAddison
on The Tatler (1709-11)and The Spectator
(1711,-1,2).
He also wrote a numberof sentimentalcomedies.
I Steelewas frequentlyin debr.A group
- of
friendsinvited to dine at his houseone d^y
werethereforeastonished
to seethenumberof

seryantswho attendedthem at dinner. After

dinnera guestinquiredhow it wasthat Steele
couldaffordsucha lavishestablishment.
Sreele
explainedthat the attendantswerein fact bailiffs, who were in the houseon their official
business.
As he could not get rid of them,he
had madethe bestof the situationby dressing
them up in seryants'liveries,and stationing
them aroundhis diningroom. His guesrswere
so amusedthat theypooledtheir moneyro pay
Steele'sdebtsand rid him of the bailiffs.
Ar,4
STEFFENS, Lincoln (1,866-1936),
US iournalist, author of the famous Autobiography
(Ie31).
| \7hen Steffensvisited Russiain '1,919,
he
wasableto observethe Bolshevikrevolutionat
first hand.On his return he madethe famous
statement:"I have seen the future, and it
works."
{Accordingto tUililliamBullitt, Steffens's
travelingcompanion,Steffensmade up
the remarkbeforehe evengot to Russii,
and it existedin variousforms until he
finallypolishedit ro rhiswell-knownsentence.Perhapsthe wisestcommentever
madeon Steffens's
famousjudgmentwas
that of journalistMax Nomad:"Vlell, so
doesthe atom bomb.")
A" tg
STEIN, Gertrude(1874-1946),US writer of
prose.After 1903sheliuedmainly
experimental
in Paris with her companionAlice B. Tokhs.
Her worksincludeThreeLives(1905),Tender
Buttons (1914),and The Autobiographyof
Alice B. Toklas(1933).
I In 1929GertrudeSteinwasinvitedto lecture at Oxford. Shedelivereda well-arguedaddressin her cusromarysryle.Her lucidity and
platformpresenceconfoundedthosewho had
mainlycometo jeer,althoughtherewassome
laughterwhen she said in the courseof her
lecture,"Everythi.ngis the sameandeverything
is differenr."At the end rwo hecklersiumped
to their feetin differenrparrsof the lecturehail
andfiredthe samequestionat her:"Miss Stein,
if ry.rything is the same,how caneverythingbe
differenr?"Miss Steinreplied,"Coniiderrlhe
two of you, you iump up one after the other,

522

STEIN

that is the samething and surelyyou admit that

the two of you are always different."
2 (ErnestHemingway describesthe probable
origin of a famous phrase.)
"She had some ignition trouble with the old
Model T Ford she then drove and the young
man who worked in the garageand had served
in the last year of the war had not been adept,
or perhapshad not broken the priority of other
vehicles, in repairing Miss Stein's Ford. Anywly, he had not been serieux and had been
corrected severelyby the patron of the garage
after Miss Stein'sprotest. The patron had said
'You
are all a generationperdue.'
to him,
'That's
"
what you are.That's what you all
'All
of you young people
arer'Miss Stein said.
who servedin the war. You are a lost generation.t

tt

3 A friend asked Gertrude Stein what it was

that writers most wanted. "Praise, praise,
praise," she replied, laughing.
4 Gertrude Steinhad a good opinion of herself,which gaveriseto a number of pronouncements recorded by her contemporaries. She
told the sculptorJacquesLipchitzth^the knew
very little about English literature. "Besides
Shakespeareand ffie, who do you think there
is?" she said.
'

5 One of the few people who refused to be

; overawed by Miss Stein's astounding flow of
' rhetoric was Mortimer Adler, the philosopher,
educator, and author of How to Read a Book.
, He and Gertrude got into a violent argument
, one evening.Alice B. Toklas, trembling on the
i outskirts oT the battlefield, was heard to rei mark, "Dear me! Gertrude is sayingsome things
1 tonight that she won't understand herself for
six months."
6 When Gertrude Steinwas dying of cancer,
she turned to Alice B. Toklas and murmured,
"'$7hat is the answer?" Miss Toklas made no
reply.Miss Steinnodded and went oo, "ln that
case,what is the question?"
7 The American composer and writer Ned
Rorem made his first visit to Alice B. Toklas's
home after Gertrude Stein'sdeath. He noticed
on the wall two remarkable Picassoswith
which he was not familiar. He expressedhis

admiration. Miss Toklas said thoughtfully,

"Yes, Gertrude alwaysusedto say:if the house
were on fire and I could only take one picture,
it would be those two."
{Mr. Rorem remarks that the wise Gertrude knew there is no such thing as first
best.)
As, at
STEINBECK, John (1902-58), US nouelist.
His most famous nouels are The Grapes of
Wrath (1939)and Eastof Eden (1952),both of
which were successfrllyfilmed. In 1962 he won
the Nobel Prize for literature.
1 Steinbeckin his earlierdaysgenuinelydisliked personalpublicity. After yearsof penury
and unrewardedlabor, he finally achievedsuccesswith Tortilla FIat and so could not entirely
escapeinterviewers.He was enragedwhen the
journalist Ella Winter, in a profile of him, did
not abideby his requestthat he be judgedby his
work, not his personality."'What did I saythat
'Winter.
"You
was so personal?"asked Miss
mentioned that I had blue eyes,"he replied.
2 Five thousand copies of Steinbeck'snovel
TheWayward Bus were destroyedby fire when
the truck carrying them from the bind.ry was
involved in a collision. The causeof the accident was a wayward bus, traveling on the
wrong side of the road.

3 In 1965 Steinbeck passed through San

Franciscoon an automobile journey with his
poodle, Charlie. He sat at a sidewalk caf6 with
and readvertisingexecutiveHoward Gossage
'Woods
Charlie I
marked, "Yesterday in Muir
lifted his leg on a tree that was fifty feet across,
t
a hundred feet high, and a thousand yearsold. I
'$ilhat's
left in life for that dog after that supreme moment?" Gossagereflecteda moment
and then said, with his slight stammer, "'W-w- l
well, he could always t-t-teach."

I
I

I
I
I

I
I
I

t
I
I

4 During a conversation about women, a

conceited young man remarked derisively:
"'Women? They're a dime a dozen."
"Sure, women ate a dime a dozenr" agreed
Steinbeck. "lt's when you cut the number
down to one that it gets expensive."
5 During his later years,when he was famous,
his wife, Elaine, brought home a paperback

523

STERNE

book entitled John Steinbeck,by Frank \fil- [

liam Watt. Steinbeck,who often felt he hadJ
beenmisinterpreted
by manyof the commen-I
tators on his life and work, readit with greatl
interest.Finished,he remarked,"This boold
doesn'tseemto be about me, but it's prettd
interesting
aboutsomebody."
As' 4S
STEINBERG, William (L899-1,978),(JS
conductor, born in Germany; music director of the
Boston and Pittsburgh symphony orchestrAs,
among others.
I With time rWilliam Steinberg became totally bald. Relating an episode in his musical
career,he once told his audience,"And there I
was tearing my hair." Then he paused,gripped
his bare skull, and added, "What am I saying?"
A.' qt
STEIN MET[ CharlesProteus(t 855- 1923),
US electrical engineer, born in Germany. He
made important contributions to the theory of
electricity, especially on alternating-cttrrenf systems, and also inuented some 200 deuices.
I When "the Electrical Wizard" was working at General Electric, he was annoyed to find
in his office a sign reading "NO SMOKING."
Steinmetz left a note reading "NO SMOKSTEINMETZ." After that it was
ING-NO
decided that the rule should not be applied to
him.
2 After retiring, Steinmetz was recalled by
General Electric to try to locate a breakdown
in a complex systemof machines.The causeof
the breakdown baffled all GE's experts. Steinmetz spentsometime walking around and testing the various parts of the machine complex.
Finally, he took out of his pocket a piece of
chalk and marked an X on a particular part of
one machine.The GE people disassembledthe
machine, discovering to their amazementthat
the defect lay preciselywhere Steinmetz'schalk
mark was located.
Some days later GE received a bill from
Steinmetz for $10,000. They protested the
amount and asked him to itemize it. He sent
back an itemized bill:
1
Making one chalk mark o . . . . . ., $
Knowing where to place it . . . . . . $91999
Ar, e8

STENGEL, Casey (1890-1.975),US baseball

celebrity;astute and wixy managerof the champion New York Yankees fo, thirteen years
(1949-52) and the New York Mets from 1952
until 1965.
| "Stengel was coaching ar third one afternoon in a ding-dong conresr at the Polo
Grounds when a Dodger batter named Cuccinello hammered a hit to the bull pen in right
field. [Mel] Ott fielded the ball brilliandy, and
threw to third base. 'Slide! Slidel' screamed
Stengel,but Cuccinello came in standing up,
and was taggedout. 'l told you to slide,' roared
'You'd
Stengel.
have been safe a milel \il7hy
didn't you do what I told you?' 'Slide?'repeated
Cuccinello with some dignity, 'and bust my
cigars?'"
2 Asked about the art of managirg, Stengel
replied, "Managing is getting paid for home
runs someoneelsehits."
3 "Casey Stengel'seye for talent was often as
keen as his wit. Early in his managerialcareer
with the New York Mets, he was askedabout
the future prospects for two of his twentyyear-old players. 'ln ten years, Ed Kranepool
has a chance to be a starr' said Casey.'ln ten
yearsthe other guy hasa chanceto be thirty."'

4 At a baseballgameone d"y Stengelwas

exasperated
by demandsfrom the crowd for a
playerhe had on the bench.He finally called
for the playerin question."Am I going in?"
askedtheplayereagerly."Nor" repliedStengel,
"I don't want you. Go up in the standswith
your fans.Theywant you."

t\

5 Explaininga point of strategyto young

baseballstarMickey Mantle, seventy-year-old
Stengeldescribedan incident from his own
daysasa player."You played?"askedMantle,
astonished.
"SureI playedr"saidStengel.
"Did
you think I was born at the ageof sevenry
sitting in a dugout trying ro manageguyslike
you?"
6 In his old lge, Stengelwas askedhow he
wasdoing.He sighedandsaidr"Not bad.Most
peoplemy agearedead.You couldlook it up."
Ar, {6
STERNE, Laurence(17L3-68),Britishwriter
and clergyman. His comic nouel Tristram

524

STERNE

Shandy, of which the first two uolumes were

published in 1759, won the obscure Yorkshire
parson 4 succesde scandale.

candidate for the presidency(1952, 1955), he

was defeated both times by Dwight D. Eisenbower.

I "Soon after Tristram appeared, Sterne

asked a Yorkshire lady of fortune and condi'I
tion whether shehad readhis book. havenot,
'and to be plain
Mr. Sterner'was the answerl
with you, I am informed it is not proper for
'My
dear good ladyr' replied
female perusal.'
'do not be gulled by such stories;
the author,
the book is like your young heir there' (pointing to a child of three yearsold, who was rolling
'he
shows at
on the carpet in his white tunic)
times a good deal that is usuallyconcealed,but
it is all in perfect innocence!"'

1 Harry Truman finally persuadedStevenson

to campaignfor the Democratic nomination in
1,952.Stevensonstayedovernight at the White ifi
House and was put in the Lincoln Room. He t
wandered around the roo m, gazingwith awe at
the things in it, unable to bring himself to lie in
the bed. So he spent the night on the sofa. He
was unawarethat in Lincoln's time the bed was
not there, but the sofa was.

/,,

As, q8
STEVENS, Thaddeus(1792-1858),US politician and lawyer, congressmanfrom Pennsyluania (1 849-53, 1,859-68).
I At the beginningof the 1 861,congressional
session,a woman admirer broke into Stevens's
officeand beggedfor alock of his hair. Stevens
removed his chestnut wig and invited her,
"Prayrmadam, selectany curl that strikesyour
fancy."
2 In a scandalover the awarding of army contracts in the early 1850s,it was widely rumored
that Simon Cameroo, the secretaryof war, had
been less than strictly honest. Thaddeus Stevens was on record as saying that Cameron
would steal anything except a red-hot stove.
Cameron appealedto Lincoln, who askedStevens to say that he had been misquoted. "Certainly I'll say I've been misquoted," said the
unrepentant Stevens."'What I actually said was
that Cameron would stealanythitg, euenaredhot stove."
3 A visitor who called on Stevensduring his
last illness remarked on the patient's appearance."lt's not my appearancethat troubles me
right nowr" Stevensreplied."It's my disappear-

i\ r. 1 a n c g . t t
I
li
I

4., 48
STEVENSON, Adlai E[witg] (1900-55),US
He wasinsttumentalinthefounding
statesman.
of the United Nations and as gouerrtorof
Illinois (1949-53)was ableto bringabout important public reforms. Twice Democratic

2 It was probably during his first campaign

against Eisenhower that Stevensonwas approached by an enthusiasticwoman supporter
who said to him, "Governor, every thinking
person will be voting for you." Stevensonreplied, "Madam, that is not enough. I need a
majority."
3 At a Labor Day rally during the 1'952 presidential campaign a photographer took a
famous picture of Stevenson,showing him
with a hole in the bomom of one shoe.When
the photographer won a Pulitzer Prize for the
picture, Stevensonsent him a telegramreading:
"Congratulations. I'll bet this is the first time
anyone ever won a Pulitzer Prize for a hole in
one.tt

4 Alistair Cooke, talking to Stevenson

shortly after his defeat in the 1952 election,
was heartened to find him able to view the
situation with objective humor. "After all," he
said, "who did I think I was, running against
George Washington?"
Four yearslater Eisenhower again defeated
Stevenson in the presidential election, and
Cooke sent Stevensona cable reading simply:
"How now?" Back camethe reply: "'Who did I
think I was, running against George \Tashington twice?"
5 Stevensonwas much praised in the European pressfor his condemnation of the American U-2 reconnaissanceflights over Europe.
Stevensonread the favorable comments and
said w4rly, "The trouble is, I alwaysrun in the
wrong continent."
6 Stevensonarrived late to addressthe American Society of Newspaper Editors. Apologizing, he said he had been delayedat the aiqport

52s

STOPPARD

by the arrival of President de Gaulle from

France. "It seemsto be my fate always to be
getting in the way of national heroesr" he
added.

7 Duringhis 1956electioncampaignStevensonaskedsomechildren,"How manychildren

in this audiencewould like to be a candidate
for presidentof the United States?"A number
of handswentup.Stevenson
continued:"How
many candidatesfor presidentof the United
Stateswould like to be children again?"He
raisedhis own hand.
8 The New York Times.reportedthat when
was the US delegateto the United
Stevenson
Nations,the questionwasput to him: "Here's
Soviet Russia pushing for votes for her
satellites,even one as improbableas Outer
Mongolia;how canthat be counterbalanced?"
replied,"It's easy.\U7e
Stevenson
giveTexasher
independence
and changeher nameto Outer
Arkansas."
9 As President-elect
John F. Kennedytapped
four of Adlai Stevenson's
law partnersfor top
governmentposts.Assessing
the situation,Stevensonwryly quipped:"I onlyregretthat I have
but one law firm to losefor my country."
Ar' 48
STEVENSON, Robert louis (1850-94),
Sconish writer, celebratedfor nouelssuch as
TreasureIsland (1883),Kidnapped(1855),and
Dr. Jekylland Mr. Hyde (1886),and thelyrical
A Child'sGardenof Verses(1885).He died in
\
Samoa.
\
1 A young friend of Stevenson's
had .o--)
plainedto him about beingborn on ChristmasI
Day.Shereceivedpresentsonly onceayearandI
felt cheated.\fhen Stevenson
drew up his will I
as deathapproached,he rememberedthe girll I
and bequeathedhis own birthdry to her. He | [
subsequently
addedthe following clause:"lf, I
however,shefailsto usethis bequestpropetly, I
all rights shall passto the Presidentof the I
UnitedStates."
Ar, .8
STILLMAN, James A. (1850-1918),US
banker and friend of William Rockefeller.He
was president
the National City Bank
(1891-1909). "f

I After visiting the famous L9I3 Armory ll

Show,the firstexhibitionof thework of avant- ft
garde Europeanpainters for the American ll
public, Stillman remarked, "something is | |
wrongwith the world. Thesemen know."
ilJ
Ar, {6
STIMSON, HenryLewis(1867-1950),
USattorneyand statesman.His distinguishedcareer
includedterms as secretaryof utar (1911-13
and 1940-45)and secretary
of state(1929"-33).
I Secretaryof StateStimsononce #fl.a ro
closedown the Americancounterintelligence
and deciphermentsources(known as "the
Black Chamber").SaidStimson:"Gentlemen
do not readeachother'smail."
4., .8
STOKOWSKI, Leopold(1882-1977),British
conductorwbobecame
aUS citizenin 1.915.
He
conductedmany of the leadingUS orcbestras,
amongthemthe Philadelphia(1912-38).
I During a performance of Beethoven's
I*onora OvertureNo. 3, the offstagetrumpet
calltwice failedto soundon cue.The ovefture
finished,Stokowskidashedfrom the rostrum
in a fury to seekout the erranttrumpeter.He
found the playerin the wingswrestlingwith a
burly janitor."You can't blow that damnthing
here, I tell you," the janitor was insisting.
"There'sa concertgoingon."
{The samestoryis told aboutotherconductorsand concerthallsin Europeand
America.)
2 Stokowski was intensely irritated by'l
membersof the audiencewho coughedduring
a performance.At the end of a seriesof concertswith the Philadelphiaorchestra,shortly
beforehisdepartureon a six-monthtour of the
Far East,he turned to the audienceand said,
"Goodby. for a longtime.I hopewhenI come
backyour coldswill all be better."
Ar, '.8
STOPPARD, Tom (1,937- ), British pkywright, born in Czechoslouakia.
He madehis
namewith theplay RosencrantzandGuildensternAre Dead(1957);his later works include
Night and Day (1975)and The Real Thing
(L984).

s26

S T O PP A R D

I Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead

becamea sensationalsuccessin England, the
United States,and even Tokyo and Buenos
Aires. On its first production a friend, puzzled
by its enigmatic character, asked, "Tom,
what's it about?" RepliedStoppard,"lt's about
to make me a rich man."
A.* q8
STOUT, Rex (1885-1,975),US nouelist,creator of the fictional detectiueNero Wolfe.
Stout was surrounded by books from an
il
early age.His father had a personal lib rary of
ti
over a thousand volumes,and his mother, Lui
I cetta, was constantly engrossedin one book or
i!
ii
il
another. Although she had nine children, her
!l
T
reading was rarely interrupted - thanks to a
il
simple expedient. She kept a bowl of cold
water and a washcloth beside her chair: any
child who dared to disturb her would have his
or her face thoroughly washed.
i
I

he would not be able to produce earsof corn

with odd numbers of rows come the following
harvest.In the springStout went out to his corn
field and carefully cut out a singlerow from no
fewer than 100 young earsof corn. At harverttime he found that he had about a dozen
eleven-rowed ears on which no trace of his
operations could be detected. He sent the
"proof" off to the farmer, who duly mailed
back a check for $100. Stout returned the
check, sayingthat he could not win money by
betting on a ce*rinty.
5 c r uJ gr3',t ,.\Yut* qg

2 As a young man Rex Stout decidedto ioin

the navy. Examined by medical board, he was
" to have his tonsils out
told that he would have
before he could be accepted.This was a blow;
He
two dollarswas all the money he possessed.
managed,however,to find a young doctor who
agreed to perform the operation at a bargain
rate. No operating theater was available, of
course,but a local barber offered surgeonand
patient the use of one of his chairs during a
slack period. The doctor duly removed the
tonsils. Stout bled profusely, and the barber,
alarmed at the sight of the gore and thinking
that it might deter other clients, beggedStout
to leave,Stout, feelingrather groggy,remained
in the chair. "l'll giveyou two bits to go away,"
said the barberin desperation.The mention of
cash roused Stout; he accepted the money,
crawled out of the shop, and, after lying down
for a time in a vacant lot, went back to the
recruiting board, which forthwith accepted
him.
3 An old midwestern farmer once ponderously announcedthat no ear of corn ever had
anything but an even number of rows in it,
normally twelve. Out of sheer contrariness,
Stout maintained this was not the case, although, 8s a midwesterner himself, he knew
that what the farmer said was true. It was
winter when this conversationtook place,and
the farmer made a $100 wager with Stout that

STOWE, Harriet Beecher(18L1'-96),US nouelist. Her antislauerynouelUncle Tom's Cabin

(1852) did much to enlist sympatby fo, the
causeof abolition.
1 [JncleTom's Cabin quickly achievedfame.
A woman came up to Mrs. Stowe and askedif
she could clasp the hand of the woman who
had written the greatwork. "l did not write it,"
said Mrs. Stowe, "God wrote it. I merely did
his dictation."
{'William D. Howells saw it differently:
"As for the author of UncleTom's Cabin,
her syntax was such a snareto her that it
sometimesneededthe combined skill of
the proofreadersand the assistanteditor
to extricate her. Of course nothing was
ever written into her work, but in
changesof diction, in correction of solecisms, in transposition of phrases,the
text was largelyrewritten in the margin of
her proofs. The soul of her art was
present,but the form was so often absent,that when it was clothed on anew,it
would have been hard to say whose cut
the garment was of in many places."The
practical inspiration for Uncle Tom's
Cabin camefrorn a readingof a pamphlet
written by ^ runaway Maryland slave,Josiah Henson, describingthe degradation
of a slave'slife.)
2 The feelings engenderedby Uncle Tom's
Cabin did much to pola rrze opinion between
North and South,contributing to the outbreak
'War.
'1,862,
when Mrs. Stowe
In
of the Civil
visited PresidentLincoln at the White House,
he greetedher (asrecollectedby Harriet's son'
who was present)with: "So this is the little lady
who wrote the book that made the big'war."

527

STRAVINSKY

STRACHEY, [GilesJLytton (1880-1932),

British writer and a leading member of the
Bloomsburygroup. His Eminent Victorians
(1918)explodedVictorianhagiographyand inauguratedthe modernstyleof biography.
(OsbertSitwelltellsthe followingstory:)
"'$(/emight recallwhat he [Lytton strachey]
saidto a clever,charming,rathernoisyyoung
man who had once been taken ro stay wit[
him. I do not know whetherrhevisit could be
considered
a success,
but whenthe guestnext
saw his former host, a whole lustrum had
passed.'Mr. Strachey,do you realizeit's five
yearssincewe met?'the youngmanasked.He
received
thereply:'Rathera niceinterval,don't
you think?"'
I

STRAUSS, Richard (1"864-1949),

German
composer and conductor. Strauss wrote a
numberof symphonicpoems:Till Eulenspiegels lustigeStreiche(1594-95),Also sprlch
Zarathustra(1595-95),and Ein Heldenleben
(1898). His fifteen operas include Salome
(1905),Elektra(L906-08),Der Rosenkavalier
(1909-10),and Ariadneauf Naxos(1912).
| \fhen Salomewas produced,KaiserWilhelmII, no loverof modernmusic,remarked,
"It will do Straussa greatdealof harm." The
royal remarkcameto Strauss'searslhe commented,"l wasableto build -y villa in Garmisch,thanksto the harm."
A+ e8
STRAVINSKY, Igor (1S82-1,971),
Rzssianborn composerwho becamea US citizen in
L945. He first achieuedfame with bis baliet
scores commissionedby impresario Sergei
Diaghileu-The Firebird (1910), Petrushka
(1911),and Le Sacredu printemps(1913).
The dissonnnces
and rhythms of theseworks
exercizeda powerful influenceon subsequent
twenti eth-century musi c; Strauinsfty's own later
works taereinfluencedby classicaland baroque
styles,adaptedto modernidiom.

2 When military conscriptionbecamecom- I

'War
pulsoryduringWorld
I, Strach.yappliedi
for exemptionas a conscientiousobjector. i n
This meant that he had to appearbefore a i i \
tribunalthat would assess
the genuineness
of I
his objectionsand rule accordingly.The mili- I
tary representative
on the board boomedout
questionsthat he usuallyfound disconcerted
the applicants."l understand,Mr. Strachey,
that you havea conscientious
objectionto all
I Although the more discriminatingmemwars?"he began."Oh, no, not at allr" replied
"Only to thisone."Themilitaryman
Strachey.
bersof the audienceat the historicParispretried again: "Tell ffie, Mr. Strachey,what
miereof Le Sacredu printempsrecognrzedthe
would you do if you saw a Germansoldier
work asa masterpiece,
the fashionable
and igattempting to rape your sister?" Strach.y t
norant were outragedat its novelty.Sporadic
lookedaroundat hissisters,
interruptionsswelledto a full-scaletumult.
who weresittingin ,
thepublicgalleryof thecourtroom,andsaidin
Overthe noisecouldbe heardthe voiceof the
his piping voice,"l shouldtry and come be-.
impresario Gabriel Astruc yelling at the
hecklers,"First list enlTben boo."
tween them.tt
i,).4 cv 1 rc4gi \ ?,-r.):,rl'"f.,'i
i
i
i

l . l
t ,
I

{He got his exemption, but only after further examination by military doctors.)

3 The basisof Dora Carringtgrrlsdevotion to

egoceqrnc'Strachey puzzled
the homosexual,
'{befl"Arthur
Waley asked her
all their friends.
what it was about Stracheythat could possibly
appealtohdr, she replied ecstatically,"Oh, it's
his knees!"
4 Asked what he considered the greatest
thing in life, Strachey inclined his reedlike
body, complete with owl eyes and spectral
beard, and, in his elegant,high-pitched voice,
languidly piped: "'Why, passion,of course."
Ao' e8

2 (Theyoungmusiccritic CarlVan Vechten

attendedthe premiereof Le Sacredu printemps.)
\
"I wassittingin a box in which I hadrented
one seat.. . Threeladiessatin front of me
and a youngman occupiedthe placebehind
me. The intenseexcitementunder which he
waslaboring,thanksto thepotentforceof the
music,betrayeditselfpresentlywhenhe began
to beat rhythmicallyon the rop of my head
with his fists.My emotionwas so greatthat I
did not feel the blows for somerime. They
were perfectlysynchronizedwith the beat of
the music.ril7henI did, I turned around.His
'$7e
apologywassincere. hadboth beencarried
beyondourselves."

1
i

STRAVINSKY

3 When Stravinskywasfifty-seven'he settled

t f in the UnitedStatesand ayearlaterdecidedto
il apply for Americancitizenship.He made an
lt
ti
to seethe appropriateofficial.At
1 t appointment
his first interviewthe officialaskedthe famous
he replied,
composerhisname."Stra-vin-skyr"
distinctly."You could
syllable
each
speaking
\\
changeit, you knowr" tuggestedthe official.
tt

* !
i t

l !
i 9
t i
I
t
t
I
t

t
l
!
t
!

4 DrinkingScotchat the exclusivePetroleum

Club in Houston,Texas,Stravinskyremarked
happily,"My God, so much I like to drink
I think my nameis Igor
Scotchthat sometimes
StrarWhiskey."
5 Stravinskywrote a ballet for Billy Rose's
Broadwayshow The SeuenLiuely Arts.After
the openingone of the dancerssenta wire to
but if you
the compoiert"Balletgreatsuccess
pas
instead
deur
de
play
would aflowviolin to
Stravinsky
triumph."
be
a
it
would
of trumpet
cabledback:"Satisfiedwith greatsuccess."
6 Stravinskywasonceofferedfour thousand
dollarsto composethe musicfor a Hollywood
film. He refused,on the groundsthat the sum
was too small.The producerarguedthat anthe same
otherfamouscomposerhadaccepted
fee for the scoreof a recentfilm. "He had
talentr" repliedStravinsky."I havenot, so for
me the work is more difficult." The figurewas
raisedaccordingly,and the producerlater remarked,"Now I've learnedthat the musical
',scalebeginsand endswith dough."
i {sibeliushad a similarview of his own
SeeJnnN Stnr,llus1.)
colleagues.
7 Stravinskyonce had an argumentwith an
airport official who insisted that he pay a
chargefor excessweight. The official, quite
usedto dealingwith suchsituations,beganto
explainthe reasonfor the extracharge."I quite
understandthe logicof it," Stravinskysaidimpatiently. "'What I am obiecting to is the
money.t'

8 In the 1950s the Venice Festival commissioned Stravinskyto write an original composition. \U7hen the piece was submitted, its
' *t length - only fifteen minutes was found uni & satisfactory. Stravinsky was unruffled. "'Well,
:i i
thenr" he said, "play it again."
I

9 In L9 52, thirty-nine yearsafter its tumultuous premie re, I-e Sacredu printemps was again

528
performed in Paris and received ecstatic applause. Pierre MonteuX, the conductor on
both occasions,commented, "There was iust
asmuch noisethe last time, but the tonality was
different."
10 A lady approached Stravinsky and told
him that, of all his works, she liked Schebera'
zade best. "But, madame, I did not coffipose,
ScheherAznde,"he protested. "Ohr" said his i
'
[
admirer, "don't be modest."
17 Stravinsky was inveighing against some ll
critics who had treated his work rather harshly. /
A friend tried to reassurehim: "No one can 1i
pleaseeveryone.Even God does not pleasetu- f i
eryone." Stravinskyjumped up, shoutiog, "Et- !f i
pecially God!"

12 ChoreographerGeorge Balanchinetells
the followingstory:"stravinsky'sCircusPolka
was composedpreciselyfor the circus- for
the Ringling Brothers, Barnum and Bailey
wanted
Circusin 1942.The circusimpresarios
Theyaskedme to
to do a balletfor elephants.
arrangethe danceand told me I could choose
I telethe composer.\fho elsebut Stravinsky?
phonedhim, not givingawaythe whole story.
" ''W'hatkind of music?'he asked.
66
6Apolkar'I said.
"'For whom?'he wantedto know.
"'Elephants.'
"'How old?'
"'Young!'
"'Okay, if theyareveryyoung,I'll do it.'
\
"'What he did servedits purposevery well, \\
wasdoneno lessthan 425
andour ballet
times."
I

13 Stravinsky, greatly concerned with his

health, would sometimesput himself on a diet
of raw vegetables.During one such period he
dined on raw tomatoes and potatoes at a restaurant with composer Nicholas Nabokov.
Nabokov left some of his cutlet at the side of
his plate, and Stravinsky asked if he might finish it. Swallowing the morsel with a generous
helping of sour cream, he declared:"I want to
astonish the raw potato in my stomach."
14 Stravinsky'spublisher, impatient to publish his latest composition, urged him to hurry
its completion. "Hurry!" exclaimed the
enraged composer. "I never hurry. I have no
time to hurry."

il

529

SUMMERALL

STUART, JamesEwellBrown(1833-64),US
Confederate commander. He was mortally
woundedat Yellow Tauern,Virgtnit.
I In the summerof 1862Stuartwasvisitinga
housethat was raided by Union cavalrymen,
and in the confusionof hishastydepartureleft
behindhishatandplume.A weekor rwo later,
Stuartand hismenattackedth. foi.;;;e;;:
eral Popeand plunderedthe Federalcamp.In
the morningStuan displayedhis boory- the
blueuniform coatof GeneralPopehimself.He
lost no time in sendingthe followingproposition to Pope:"General:You havemy hat and
plume.I haveyour bestcoat.I havethe honor
to proposea cartelfor a fair exchangeof the
prisoners."
Ar, ,.$
STUBBS, John (1543-9I), English pamphleteer.
I In 1 579it seemed
that QueenElizabethwas
likely to marry the Duke of Anjou, much to
the consternationof her Protestantsubjects.
Stubbswrote an intemperatepamphletagainst
the marriageentitled The Discoueryof a Gaping Gulf to SwallowEngland.The queenwas
furious; author, printer, and booksellerwere
apprehendedand condemnedto have their
right handscut off. The printer waspardoned,
but the historian\il7illiamCamdenwasan eyewitnessto the executionof sentence
on Stubbs
and the bookseller.He recordsthat assoonas
his right hand had been struck off, Stubbs
raisedhis hat with his left hand,wavedit, and
shouted,"God savethe Queen!"
Al, -8

said. "Where were you sitting?" Davis .tU- ?

lengedhim. "l wassittingon Nevers'sneckr"j
(
saidthe other man."f'm Harry Stuhldreher."
Ar, 48
SUDERMANN, Hermann (1857-1928),
Germanplaywrightand nouelist.
I Sudermannand fellow-dramatistRichard
Voss dislikedeachother. \il7hena dramarisrs'
guild was founded, their colleaguesbrought
them together to effect a reconciliation,8s
their nameswere of importanceto the guild.
After much hesitationthey werepersuadedto
shakehands.Vossadded,"Herr Sudermann,
I
wishfor your nextplaythe samesuccess
asyou
wishme."Sudermann
turnedto theonlookers:
"Did you hearthat?Therehe goesagain!"
A.' -.6
SULLIVAN, Sir Arthur Seymour (1,8421900),British composerand conductor.His
greatestsuccesses
werethe comic Sauoyoperas
on which he collaboratedwith W'.S. Gilbert.
I Returninghomeone night aftera convivial
party,Sullivanfound he could not identify his
own house in the terracedrow of identical
dwellingson his street.Fortunatelyhis acute
tonal sensedid not desert him. He walked
alongthe row, pausingto kick the metalshoe
scrapersthat stood by the sidesof the front
entrances.One rang a familiar note. Sullivan
kickedit again."That's it: E-flatr"he muttered
and walkedconfidentlyinto the house.
{This or a similar tale is told of orher
musicians.)
4., ..6

STUHLDREHER, Harry (190I-65), US

football stAr. He wls one of Notre Dame's
famous "Four Horsemen" in the 1920sand
later becamea successfulcoAch.

SULLIVAN, JohnLawrence(1858-19L8),US
heauyweightboxer. He becamechampion in
L882,beatingPaddyRyanat MississippiCity,
and held the title for ten yenrs.

I In a certainRoseBowl game,Notre Dame

defeated Stanford. The great Stanford star
ErnieNeverswasoutstandingin defeat,but the

I Sullivanwas once accostedin a bar Uy r\ 1

puny little drunk, who challengedthe burly I I
championto a fight. "Listen, your" growled I t
Sullivan."If you hit me just once- and I find I I
,
out aboutit . . ."
I
4., {6

turning point of the game came when he was

stopped at the goal line on a fourth down. For
years Californians insisted that he had crossed
the goal line and should have been given a
score. One night George Davis, I Los Angeles
sportswriter, was arguing the point when a little fellow joined in. "I say he didn't score," he

SUMMERALL, CharlesPelot (1867-1955),

USgenerAl.He servedin Franceduringworld
War I, taking commandof the first diuision in

530

SUMMERALL

Iuly 1918. Appointed chief of staff of the US

army in 1925, he retired in 1930 and became
presidentof The Citadel (1931-53).
I Summerall's division had suffered heavy
casualtiesat the Argonne in \7orld War I.
Asked how much longer he could continue,he
replied, "As long as there are enough men for
my division to be organizedin depth."
"How many men will that take?"
"Two," replied Summerall."One behind the
other.tt

As, ai
SUMNER, Charles(1811,-74),US statesman.
greatlyaduanced
His courageand persistence
tbe abolitionistcnuse.
I A possibly apocryphalstory tells how
Sumnerin hisyoungerdayswassuddenlytaken
ill, so ill that he couldnot be condangerously
veyedhome.He waslaid upon a couchin his
officein greatpain. The friend who waswith
him, expectinghis imminent death,askedif
therewasanythingthat hewouldwishto do by
way of spiritualpreparation."l ampreparedto
die," whisperedSumner,"l havereadCalvin's
Institutesthroughin the original."
Ar, e8
SUSANN, Jacqueline(191,8-74),US author
of highly popular nouels,of which Valley of
the DollsandThe LoveMachineu)ereperhaps
the most successful.She also excelledat the
put-down wisecrack,As her husband,In,ing
Mansfield,recallsin his book about her. Mr.
Mansfieldwas the producerof the successful
teleuisionshows Talent Scoutsand This Is
ShowBusiness.

K
T\

I The Loue Machine wascompetingin the

best-sellerlists with Philip Roth's Portnoy's
Complaint,which dealtin part with masturbation. Asked her opinion of Roth, Jackiereplied,"He's a finewriter, but I wouldn't want
to shakehandswith him."
2 A certain young lady, eager to appear on
Talent Scouts, sent Mansfield a provocative
photograph of herself. "l'll do anything to get
on your showr" she wrote, "and when I say
anything, I mean anything." Unfortunately, it
was Jackie who opened the letter. "I am Mrs.
Mansfield," she replied, "and I do everything

for my husband- andwhenI say

J
l everything,
"'llI i
meaneverything."
{Also told of Dorothy Thompson^"d I I
I J
SinclairLewis.)
3 Jackie and her husband were dining at
Maurice Chevalier'scountry home.The dinner
was elegantlyserved,but the portions were extremely small.After this insubstantialmeal,the
party retired to Chevalier's study. "What
would you like to drink,Jacqueline,ma ch\re?"
asked her host. "Mauricer" she replied, "l
never drink on an empty stomach."
{For another responseto an insubstantial
meal, see ATFREDHlrcHCocK L ).
6$, q8

SUVOROV, AlexanderVasilievich(17291800),Russiangeneral.
1 On his campaignsSuvorovlived as an ordinary soldier. Asked if he ever took off his
clothes at night, he replied, "No; when I get
lazy and want to have a comfortable sleep I
generallytake off one spur."
Ar, q8
SVYATOPOLK (11th century AD), grand
prince of Kieu and son of Saint Vladimir, who
ruled for four years(1015-19) until his brother
Yaroslau took control.
I The city-state of Novgorod liked to consider itself a free republic. Although it was
under the nominal chargeof an electedprince,
control was really exercisedby the merchantaristocrats of the area. Thus, the suggestion forcibly put forward by Grand Prince
Svyatopolk that the city accept his son as its
prince was coolly received.The Novgorodvans
discussedthe ideaand sentback their message:
"Send him here if he has a sparehead."

6., ..6
(1862-1939),
SWANSON,ClaudeAugustus
US politician. He wAs gouernorof Virginia
(1905-10),senatorfrom Virginia (1910-33),
of the nauy(1933-39).
and US secretary
I Swansonmade a particularly long and rambling speechat a banquet one evening.An old
lady came up to him afterward to shake his
hand. "How did you like the speech?"asked
Swanson."I liked it finer" she replied, "but it

531

SSYINBURNE

\ t..-s to me you missedseveralexcellentopiportunities."Swansonlooked puzzled."Sev[eral excellent opportunities for what?" he

\asked."To quitr" shesnapped.
A'' 48
SWEDENBORG, Emanuel (1588-1772),
Swedishmystic,scientist,and philosopher.He
pioneeredin the fields of crystallographyand
magnetictheory.In 1787his followersin London establishedthesectcalledtheChurchof the
New Jerusalemor simply the Swedenborgians.
I Swedenborg
wasa verypracticalman.In a
little inn in Londonone d^y,he waseatinghis
dinnerveryrapidlywhen he thoughthe sawin
the cornerof the room a visionof JesusChrist.
The visionutteredtwo words:"Eat slower."
Thissensible
advicewasthe beginning
of all his
visionaryexperiences.
6$, 48

SWIFT, Jonathan(1667-I7 45), Anglo-Irish

clergymnn,sAtirist,andiournalist,authorof the
satiricalmasterpiece
Gulliver'sTnvels (1725).
He ioinedthehousehold
of SirWilliamTemple,
the diplomat,in 1.589and after his ordination
(1594)continuedto serueA,ssecretary
thereuntil
Temple's death (1699). He then receiueda
churchappointrnentin lreland, but frequently
uisited London. He becamedean of St. Patrick's,Dublin, in 17L3.
| \UfhenSwift first startedto visit a fashionableLondoncoffeehouse,
the regularclientele,
comprisingsomeof the foremostliterarymen
in England,were so amazedby the eccentric
behaviorof the unknown parson that they
concludedhe must be mad.Dr. John Arbuthnot, the queen'sphysician,waswritinga letter
andneededsomesand,asthecustomthenwas,
to blot it. Spyingthe strangeparsonnearbyand
thinking to havesomefun with him, he said,
"Pray,sir, haveyou any sandabout you?"
"No, sirr" saidSwift, "but I havethe gravel,
and if you will give the letter to me, I'll piss
upon it." From this unlikely start, a warm
friendshipgrewup betweenthe doctorandthe
divine.
2 On his travelsSwift stoppedat a house
wherethe hostess,anxiousto pleaseher eminent visitor,askedhim what he would like for
dinner. "'Sfill you havean applepie, sir?Will

1
you have a gooseberrypie, sir?A plum pie? A
currant pie?A cherry pie?A pigeon pie -"
"Any pie but a magpie,madamr" interrupted J
Swift.
3 On a iourney by foot one d^y Swift was
caught in a heavy thunderstorm and took
shelter under a large tree. Presently he was
joined by rough-looking man and a pregnanr
"
woman. Falling
into conversation with them,
Swift learned that they were en roure ro the
nearby town to be married. As the woman
seemed likely to give birth at any moment,
Swift's offer to marry them was happily accepted and Swift performed the marriageceremony. The pair were about to go on their way
when the husband rememberedthat a certificate was necessary to validate the marriage.
Swift obliged by writing: "Under an oak, in
stormy weather,/ I joined this rogue and
whore togeth er;/ And none but he who rules
the thunder/ Can put this rogue and whore
asunder."
4 Dean Swift was reprimanded for preaching
a charity sermon at such inordinate lengrh that
by the end the audiencewas very little inclined
to contribute to the causeconcerned. On the
next occasiohthe dean determined to make it
terse.He announcedhis text from Proverbs19:
"'He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth
unto the Lord; and that which he hath given
will he pay him again.' You have heard the
terms of the loanr" Swift continued, "and if
you like the security,put down your money."
Then he sat down: The resulting donations
were generous.
5 Lady Carteret, wife of the English viceroy
in lreland, was on friendly terms with Swift. \
t
One d"y when shehappenedto remark on how I
good the air was in Ireland, Swift fell on his I
knees and besought her, "For God's sake, I
madam, don't say that in England, for if you l
do, they will surely tax it."

6 At the ageof fifty Swift gazedatthe with- |

eredcrown of a treeandremarkedto the poetJ
EdwardYoung,"lshallbelike that tree;I shalU
die from the top."
I
{This prediction,sadly,was fulfilled by f
Swift'smentaldecayin his last years.)
Al,

48

532

SWINBURNE

SWINBURNE, Algernon Charles (18371909),English poet, known best for his Poems
and Ballads (1856). His heauy drinking and
defianceof conuentionalsexual morality made
him a scandalousfigrrrc in V ictorian literary
circles.
| (Swinburne had a hard time at school; Sir
Osbert Sitwell records the reminiscencesof an
eighry-six-year-oldformer schoolmate.)
'He told me how much he had enjoyedhis
'lf man long life.
or a schoolboy for that
a
'does not get
matter-' he continued,
on well,
it's his own fault. I well remember,when I first
went to Eton, the head-boycalled us together,
and pointing to a little fellow with a mass of
curly red hair, said, "If ever you seethat boy,
kick him - and if you are too far off to kick
him, throw a stone." . . . He was a fellow
'He
namedSwinburne,'he added.
usedto write
poetry for a time, I believe,but I don't know
what becameof him."'
4., e$
SZELL, George (1897-1,970),Hungarian conductor. He conducted the GermAn Opera and
Philharmonic Orchestra in Prague (1929-37),
the Metropolitan Opera in New York (194245), and spent the remainder of his professional
Iife with the Cleueland Orchestra.
( 1

,-\'

1 Szell,not ordinarily renowned for his sense

of humor, once made the.{ollowing obseryation in a letter to a friend: 'Just now I bought a
new bottle of Sheaffer'sfountain pen ink (the
kind you tip before opening so as to let some
ink flow into a small compartment, which
makesit easierto fill the pen).There'sa label on
the bottle with the following admonition:
SCRE\TTIGHTLY BEFORETIPPING. What
would you think of making it obligatory to
hang this sign around the necks of all hotel
chambermaids?"
? 1

SZ ENT- GYO R GYI, Albertvon Nagyrapolt

(1893-L985), US biochemist,born in Hungary. In 1937 he won the Nobel Prize fo,
medicine.
1 Szent-Gyorgyi
oncesenta paperto the scientificjournal Nature, describinga new sugar
that he had isolated.As this sugarhad to be
calledby nameendingin -ose,like all other
sugars(for" example,glucose),but was of unrryi suggested
the
known structure,Szent-Gyo
name"ignose."The editorsof Naturerejected
suchfrivolity,andthe authorof the paperwas
askedto think again.He resubmitted"Godknows,tt
A'' .'48
SZILA RD, Leo (1898- 19 64),Hungarian-born
US physicist. After leauing Hungary he worked
first in England, emigrating to the United States
in 1937. With his fellow-Hungarian Edward
Teller he persuaded Albert Einstein to write to
President Rooseuelt,warning him of the possibility that Germany might make an atom bomb
first.
1 On one occasion Szilard was discussiru
with his colleagueEnrico Fermi the possibility
of the existenceof other life in the cosmos.
Fermi held forth on the vastnessof the universe,the likelihood that stars other than the
sun would haveplanetary,systems,the aeonsof
time that would enabletife to emergeon some
of theseplanets,and the probability that intelligent beingsnot only would exist elsewherein
the universebut would be capableof traveling
to our own earth. "lf all this has been happening," concluded Fermi, "how is it that they
have not arrived?\ilflhereare they?"
"They are already among us," replied Szilard, "but they call themselvesHungarians."

As'T d
TAFT, HoraceDutton (1890-1936),US
educAtor, brother of William Howard Taft. He
f ounded the Taft School, Watertotuft, Connectict,tt,in 1890 and remainedheadmasterthere
until his death.

expresstrain would stop only if a number of

people wanted to board it. Taft.wired the conductor: "Stop at Hicksville. Large paftywaiting
'W'hen
to catch train."
the train stopped, Taft
boarded and reassuredthe confused conductor: "You can go ahead. I am the large party."

1 \fhen the son of apompousbusinessm"n

1
was expelled from Taft's school, his enraged
father was determined to have him readmitted.
He stormed into Taft's office without knocking and roared, "Mr. Taft, you think you can
run this school any damned way you please,
don't you?" Taft looked at him calmly. "Your
manner is crude and your languagevulgar," he
replied, "but you have somehow got the
point."

2 Taft was askedto comment on his specracular defeat rn the l9I2 presidential election,
when he ran for reelection against lilToodrow
Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt."'Well, I have
one consolationr" remarked Taft. "No candidate was ever elected ex-president by such a
large majority."

Ary qE
sculptor.His
TAFT, Lorado(1850-1936),US
works includeA numberof portrait busts,the
ColumbusMemorialFountainin Washington,
D.C., and theFountainof Time in Chicago.
I Taft was working on a classicalsculpture\
which requiredthe effectof windblownrobes.
LeavingtheArt Instituteof Chicagoonewindy
d^y,the sculptorfoundhimselfwalkingon the
oppositeside of the street from two nuns,
whoseswirlingrobesoffereda perfectmodel
of the effect he hoped to create.Taft then realized that a man was closely following the nuns.
Somewhat concerned, he crossed the street
and accosted the man - only to find himself
face to face with a fellow sculptor.

1
i',

I On one occasion Taftrstranded at a small

country railroad station, was informed that the

ocean,tt

Ar, 4t
TALLEYRAND-PERIGORD,
Charles
Maurice de (1754-1838),Frenchstatesman,
twice foreign minister at critical periods in
Frenchhistoryft797-1807,18L4-15).He intrigued with the allies againstNapoleoit after
L808,and his diplomacyu)ctscrucialto'obtaining a reAsonablesettlementfor Franceat the
1 Talleyrandhad a faithful but inquisitiv

Aro ..6
TAFT, William Howard (7857-1930), 27th
president of the United States (1909-13) and
Chief Justice of the SupremeCourt (1921-30).
His obesity occasionedmany anecdotes.

3 At BeverlyBry, Massachusetts,
clad in
"1
vastbathingsuit, Taft plungedinto the wavesf
and was disportinghimselfin the water whenl
one of his neighborssuggested
to a friend thad
theyalsoshouldgo for a swim."Betterwaitr"l
the friend replied."The presidentis usingtheJ

t;
It
! q
I

seryant. One d^y, after entrusting a letter to

him for delivery, he glancedour of the window
and observed the man reading the leffer. The
following day Talleyrand senr another letter,
this time with a postscript: "You may send a
verbal answer by the bearer; he is perfectly acquainted with the whole business,having taken
the precaution of reading this prior to its
delivery."

534

TALLEYRAND-PEnIGORD

2 Examining a draft budget prepared by

Louis XVIII, Talleyrandpointed out that no
provisionhad beenmadefor paymentof the
deputies."l think they shouldperform their
dutieswithout anypaymefltr"saidthe king."It
shouldbe an honoraryposition."
"'Sfithout anypayment?"exclaimedTall.yrand. "Your Majesty,that would cost us too
much!"
3 During the French Revolution Talleyrand
spent some time in exile in America. On his
return to Francehe said of the United States,"l
found there a country with thirty-two religions
and only one sauce."
4 Pierre Roederer, charged with preparing
the consular constitution, observedto Talleyrand, "A constitution should be short and -')
"Yes, short and obscurer" Talleyrand interrupted, thus cutting off Roederer'sintention of
adding "clear."
5 Talleyrand was sitting between Mme de
Stael and the famous beauty Mme Rcamier,
his attention very much engaged with the
latter. Mme de Stael made a bid to get into
the conversation. "Monsieur Talleyrand, if
you and I and Madame Rcamier were shipwrecked together and you could save only
one of us, which would you save?"Talleyrand
replied with his deepestbow, "Madaffi, you
know everything, so clearly you know how to
swim.tt
6 Claude Rulhidres, author of a celebrated
work on the Polish Revolution, Histoire de
I'anarchie de Pologne (1807), complained in
Talleyrand's hearing that people said that he
was mischievous, "although I have done only
one mischievousthing in my whole life."
"And when will that end?" inquired Talleyrand.
7 Talleyrand had expressed his impatience
with the behavior of the chamber of peers,to
which a friend replied that at least one could
find consciencesthere. "That I don't disputer"
said Talleyrand. "Take Semonville, for instance;he has at least two."
8 Talleyrand, sealing letters in a hurry, put
the letter for recipient A into the envelopefor
recipient B and vice versa,and discoveredhis

mistaketoo lateto rectifyit. "lt is of no consequence,"he said."Neither of themwill believe

me.tt

9 During Napoleon's reign the military were

at their most arrogant, referring contemptuously to civilians as pequins (weaklings).
Talleyrand askeda certaingeneralfor an explanation of the derogatory term. "Nous appelons
pequin tout ce qui n'est pas militaire lV e call
weakling anybody who is not militaryl," he replied. " Ah, outi," saidTalleyrand, " commenous
autres appelons militaires tous ceux qui ne sont
pas ciuiles[Ah, yes,as we call military all those
who are not civil]."
10 Talleyrand made no secretof his opposition to Napoleon's invasion of Spainand Portugal. This led to the notorious scene of
January 28, 1809, when Napoleon abused
Talleyrand in the grossestlanguagein front of
his other ministers, ending by shouting,
"Tenez, t)ous Atesde Ia merde dans un bas de
soie" (You're shit in a silk stocking).Talleyrand
said nothing under this attack, only remarking
as he left the council chamber, "'What a pity
such a greatman should be so ill-bred!"
At the Congressof Vienna Alexander I of
fl
Russia inveighed againstthose who, like King
Frederick Augustus of Saxotry,had "betrayed
the causeof Europe" in not joining the alliance
againstNapoleon. Talleyrand, mindful of the
czar'sown former concili atory attitude toward
the erstwhile French emperor, obsenred,"But
that, sire, is merely r question of dates."
12 A rationalist colleaguecomplainedto Talleyrand about the difficulty of converting the
French peasants."'What can one do to impress
these people?" he asked. "'Well," replied Talleyrand, "you might try getting crucified and
rising again on the third d^y."
(This anecdote is often ascribedto Voltaire.)
13 Talleyrand once reprimandeda visitor for
swallowing a glassof expensivebrandy in a single gulp. "The first thing you should dor" explained Talleyrand, "is take your glass in the
palms of your handsand warm it. Then shakeit
gently, with a circular movement, so that the
liquid's perfume is released.Then, raise the
glass to the nose and breathe deeply." His

535

TAYLOR, LAURETTE

"And then,my lord?"he

visitorwasfascinated.
asked."And then,sirr" continuedTalleyrand,
"you replacethe glasson the table and talk
aboutit."

I
I

I
I

I
l
I
I

f1
I
!
I
t

I
I

I
t
t
t

I
I
I
t

14 The role playedby Talleyrandbehindthe

in the July Revolutionof 1830,which
scenes
broughtLouisPhilippeto the throne,remains
asobscurenow asit wasto hiscontemporaries.
A widely told story relateshow the elderly
sitting in his housein Parisduring
statesman,
the threedaysof riots,heardthe pealingof the
bells and remarked,"Ah, the tocsin! We're
winning."
"'Who'swe, mon prince?"
Talleyrandgesturedfor silence:"Not a
word. I'll tell you who we are tomorrow."
was unimpressed
lrs The veteranstatesman
lby LouisPhilippe'shandlingof the manycrises
Ithat besethis reign."How do you think this
f governmentwill end?"someoneonceasked.
I "Accidentally,"saidTalleyrand.
t
*48
(L851-1905),Italian
TAMAGNO, Francesco
tenor,renownedfor his perfotmAncein the title
role of Verdi's Otello.
I The leading tenor of an American opera
company, rehearsingTamagno's famous role in
Otello, was puzzled by a request from the stage
director. During a brief rest in the tenor part he
was to walk upstage,pause,then return downstageand continue singing.The action seemed
pointless and difficult to execute in the time
allowed. "But it is the tradition of the roler"
insisted the director. "Tamagno did it." The
tenor submitted with reluctance. In Italy the
following year, he visited Tamagno and asked
him to explain this strange"tradition." The old
man's face lit up. "It is very simpler" he said.
"Note that in the final passageOtello must sing
a high B-flat. So while the chorus was singing I
went upstageto spit."
Al, 48

TAMIRIS, Helen[HelenBeckerl(1905-56),
and danceteacher,
US dancer,choreographer,
notedfor her ability to expressin dancesocial
and political ideas.Shewas principal choreographer of the WPA Federal Theater Proiect
(1937-1939).

I The head of the \U7PAdance proiect was

Lincoln Kirstein. For his first production he
convened all the dancers and choreographers
and describedhis plan to presenta cavalcadeof
the great dancersof history. "For exampler"he
said, "Gluck-Sandor, you could dance the
part of Niiinsky. Felicia Sorel, you might be
Taglioni. And Tamiris, you could play Isadora
Duncan.tt
"Yes," said Tamiris, "but then who will play
me?"
As, 48
TAYLOR, Elizabeth (1932- ), US film actress.As a cbild, she starrediz National Velvet
(1944). Of her adult roles, the most acclaimed
wAs inWho's Afraid of Virginia Woolft (1955)
with Richard Burton, to whom sbe was twice
married.

I MissTaylor'sfabulousdiamondring ar.*\
the notice of PrincessMargaret, who re- I
marked,"That'sa bit vulgar."MissTaylorper- |
suadedthe princessto try on the ring. "There, I
it's not so vulgarnow, is it?" shesaid.
I
48
Ar,
TAYLOR, John (1703-72),British oculist.
Nicknamed"the Cheualier,"Taylor was a familiar figrre at most of the courts of Europe,
whereheseemsto haueachieueda greatreputa'
cures,despitethe charlation for his successful
tanry of his writings.
1 At dinnerin Edinburgh,Taylorwasholding
forth with much impudence,boastingamong
other things that he could read anybody's
thoughtsby lookingat their eyes.His hostess,
the Countessof Dumfries,angeredby his behavior, contemptuouslyinquired whether he
knew what she was thinking. Taylor confidently assertedthat he did. "Ther," saidthe
countess,"it's verysafe,for I am sureyou will
not repeatit."
A" tt6
TAYLOR, Laurette(1884-1946),US actress,
bestknown for ber performancein Tennessee
William.s'sThe GlassMenagerie.
l
I At a pafty after a poorly attendedperfor--t,
manceone evening,Miss Taylor was engaged
in amiableconversitionwith one of her fellow
guests,a completestranger.After sometime,

s36

TAYLOR, LAURETTE

he politely took his leaveand walked over to a

group of people at the opposite side of the
room. Miss Taylorns smile suddenly disappeared and she turned angrily to her hostess.
"That man walked out on me tonight at the
theater!" she cried. "Are you sure?"asked her
hostess."Of course I'm sure. I sometimesforget a face, but I neuer forget a back!"
A!' ''8
TAYLOR, Maxwell D[avenport] (1901-87),
US army officer, military aduiser to President
Kennedy. He was the first US general to fight
in France in World War lI.
I At one stage of the parachute drop into
Normandy on D-Day in 1944, the ratio of
officersto men was L0 to 49. Commented Taylor: "Never in the history of human combat
have so few been led by so many."
{This remark was, of course, a play on
Winston Churchill's famous statement
after the battle of Britain in L940: "Never
in the field of human conflict was so
much owed by so many to so few.")
Ar' 48
TAYLOR, Paul (1930choreographer.

), US dancer and

During a modern-danceprogram, Paul

aylor contributeda solo in which he simply
tood motionless on stage for four minutes.
he reviewer for Dance Obsenter magazinere-

pondedin kind: his reviewconsistedof just

our inches of white space.

A.' 48
chief of the
TECUMSEH (c. 1768-1,813),
AmericanShawneeIndians,wbo organizedan
Indian confederacyto resistwhite encroachments.General(laterPresident)William Henry
Harrison defeatedhim at Tippecanoe(1811.).
Tecumsehwaskilled in thebanleof theThames
Riuer(1513),fiShtingon the British sidein the
War of 18L2.
1 In 1810Harrisotr,thengovernorof Indiana
Territory, was negotiatingwith Tecumsehin
orderto try to preventopenhostilities.He ordereda chairto bebroughtfor theIndianchief.
The man who brought it said,"Your father,
GeneralHarrison,offersyou a seat."
"My father!" Tecumsehexclaimed."The

sunismy fatherandtheearthismy mother,and

on her breastwill I lie." Ignoringthe chair,he
stretchedhimselfout on the ground.
Ar, 48
BritishenTELFORD, Thomas(1757-1834),
gineer.He was responsiblefor building many
roads,canals,bridges,and aqueductsall ouer
Britain. His best-knownstructureis perhaps
the Menai suspensionbridge, completedin
1825.Robert Southeynicknamedhim "the
Colossusof Roads."
I In his later yearsTelford was something of
a celebrity,aswell asbeingdelightful company.
In London he stayedat the Ship Inn in Charing
Cross, which was always crowded with his
friends. A new landlord purchased the inn
without knowing that Telford was about to
move into a house of his own in Abingdon
Street.\fhen he found out, he was utterly dismayed. "Not leauingl" he exclaimed. "l have
just paid sevenhundred and fifty pounds for
you."
4., 4S
TEMPLE, Frederick (1,82I-L902), British
clergyman, archbishop of Canterbury 0895-

1e02).

I Archbishop Temple had a reputation for

intimidating his cletry, and ordinands pafticularly dreaded their pre-ordination inter'.'iew
with him. To one young man he said,"I will lie
down on that couch and pretend to be ill. You
'sick-visit'
leavethe room, come in again,and
me." The ordinand did as he was told. Coming
up to the archiepiscopalcouch, he gazed intently at the recumbent figure and then said
reprovingly, "Why, Freddie, you're on the
drink again!"
Ar, q8
TENG SHIH (6th century BC),Chinesephilosopher and administrator.
I A wealthy man from Teng's state had
drowned in the tU7eiRiver. The corpse was recovered by a man who refused to return it to
the mourning family until he had received a
large payment. The relatives of the drowned
man sought Teng's advice. He told them,
"'W'ait, no other family will pay for the body."
Fonified by this counsel, they waited, and in

537

TENNYSON

due course the finder of the corpse grew worried and also consulted Teng. "'Wait," Teng
advisedr"for nowhere elsecan they obtain the
body."
{The ruler of the state eventually tired of
Teng's equivocationsand had him put to
death.)

4., ..6
TENNYSON, Alfred, lst Baron Tennyson
(1809-92),British poet;poet laureate(185092). Tennyson'sfirst important book of uerse
in 1,830.
appeared
In 1832he traueled
with his
Cambridgtfriend Arthur Hallam on the Continent.Hallam'sdeath(1833)mouedTennyson
to begin his elegiacsequenceIn Memoriam,
which was not publisheduntil 1550.Someof
his finestuerseappearedin thecollectionof poetry he publishedin 1.842,including "Morte
d'Arthuf' and "Ulysses."Amonghis laterlong
poemsare The Princess(1847),Maud (1855),
and the reworkingsof Arthurian legendcalled
The Idyllsof the King (1859-85).

f\
I

I
I

I?

I The Duke of Argyll and his family,on holid^y near the Tennysons,were invited for
dinner. When the Argylls arrived,Tennyson
apologizedfor not havingchanged:"I can't
dressfor you, for I neverdressfor anyone.If I
madean exceptionanddressedfor a duke,my
butlerwould setme down asa snob."
2 The great Shakespeareanactor Henry lrving was staying with the Tennysons. One evening after dinner when they were having poft,
the butler filled lrving's glass,then set the decanter down by Tennyson. Tennyson was talking and continued absentmindedly to fill his
own glass,failing to notice when Irving's was
empty. The decanteremptied, he calledfor another bottle. Again the butler filled Inring's
glassand left Tennyson the decanter,which he
finished as before. Next morning Irving found
Tennyson standing solicitously at his bedside,
inquiring how he felt. "Ah, but pray, Mr. Irvirg, do you always drink two bottles of port
after dinner?"

Maud
| \ I The critics'receptionof Tennyson's
I f was predictablyhostile,for the poem dealt
murder,suicide,hysteria.
I f with love,madness,
reviewer
suggested
One
that Maud had one
I N
I I voweltoo manyin the title, and that it would
I I makesenseno matterwhich wasdeleted.

4 One of Tennyson'sadmirers,a little girl

calledElspethThompson,usedto accompany
the poet on hislongwalksaroundLondon.As
he trampedthroughthe streets,the child trotting besidehim, the poet madea strikingfigure
in his swirling Spanishcloak and great sombrero.Passersby
would often turn to look at
him. Tennysongrumbledto Elspeth,"Child,
your mother shoulddressyou lessconspicuously;peoplearestaringat us."
5 Tennysonwas offered a baronetcyfour
times,asa markof honorfrom the nation,and
eachtime declined.He camearoundto thinkingthathehadmadea mistakein decliningand
wishedto accept.Accordingly,^ friend,acting
as intermediarybetweenhim and Gladstone,
the primeminister,conveyedTennyson's
willIt wasfurthersuggested
ingness.
thatTennyson
ratherthana baronmight be offereda peerage
etcy,but Gladstonemused,"Ah! CouldI bean
accessoryto introducing that hat into the
Houseof Lords?"
6 Oscar Browning,well known as a snob,
soughtout Tennysonon the Isleof Wight.He
marchedup to him, shook him by the hand,
and announced,"l am Brownittg."Tennyson,
who knew only one Browning- the poet
Robert- looked at him coolly, said, "No,
you'renot," and turnedon his heel.
7 Tennyson was entertaining a Russian nobleman at his house on the Isle of Wight. One
morning the Russian set off on a shooting expedition, returning later that d"y with the
proud news that he had shot two peasants.
Tennyson politely corrected his guest's pro'two pheasantsr"' he
nunciation. "You mean
said."Nor" replied the Russianr"two peasants.
They were insolent, so I shot them."
{Authenticity not guaranteed.}
8 As a young man Tennyson was afflicted
with a painful attack of piles. Accepting advice,
he visited a young but well-known proctologist
and was so successfullytreated that for many
yearshe had no further trouble. However, after
he had become a famous poet and had been
raised to the peerage,he suffered a further attack. Revisiting the proctologist, he expected
to be recognizedasthe former patient who had
becomethe greatpoet. The proctologist, however, gave no signs of recognition. It was
only when the noble lord had bent over for

538

TENNYSON

t.

i examination that the proctologist exclaimed,

I "Ah, Tennyson!"
t
{This story is also told of others.}
1 9 On a holiday in 1883 Tennysonwas holdt ing forth to Sir William Harcourt on the pleasuresof tobacco, telling him that the first pipe
i' after breakfast was the best. "The earliestpipe
of half-awakenedbards," obsenredHarcouit,
parodying a well-known Tennysonian line.
Tennyson was not amused.
A'' 48
TERESA of Avila, Saint (1515-82),Spanish
Carmelite nun. She founded a conuentat Auila
(1552) and later, witb the aid of Saint John of
the Cross, seueral other religious houses at
which the reformed Carmelite rule was practiced. She wrote A number of books describing
ber mystical experiences.
' 1 A young nun came to Saint Teresa with
exaggeratedtales of her spiritual trials and the
fearful sins into which she had lapsed. After
listening to her recitation, Saint Teresa said
briskly, "'We know, sister, that none of us is
perfect. You must just be sure that your sins
don't turn into bad habits."
&s, e8
TERRY, Dame Ellen (1,847-L928),Britishactress.She wls particularly successfulin Shakespeareanroles.
1 Ellen Terry was at the height of her career
when the director of aproduction in which she
was starringturned out to be a rather opinionated and fussyyoung man. He told her exactly
how she should play a particular scene,down
to the most minute detailsof action and delivery. The star listened patiently and did precisely as she was told. \fhen she had finally
gone through the sceneto his satisfaction,she
turned to him and said, "Now, if you don't
mind, I'll just do that little extra somethingfor
which I am paid my enormous fee."
\ 2 At the turn of the century Ellen Terry was
\ in her earlyfifties and, though still at the height
1 of her powers asan actress,complained:"Now
nobody will ever write a
i I am a grandmother,
'W'hen
for
me."
Bernard
Shaw heard this
lpl"y
he
immediately
wrote
Captain BrassIremark,
I bound's Conuersionfor her. Consequently,in

in the role of i
I90I sheenjoyeda greatsuccess
LadyCicelyWaynflete."He only did it," Ellenf
Terry observedof Shaw,"out of a naturalde-|
sireto contradict."
t
A$, 48

TETR AZZINI, Luisa (187I-1940), Italian

soprano. Her coloraturt singing wls acclaimed
in AmericA, Europe, and Russia.
1 T etrazzintwasconcernedneither about her
sizenor about the amount she neededto eat.
She shared her predilection for Neapolitan
disheswith her friend Enrico Caruso. On one
occasion after a late spaghettilunch with Caruso she had to sing Violetta in La Trauiata.
\fhen her co-starJohnMcCormack attempted
to raisethe dying Violetta in his arms,it felt, as
he said later, as if he were fondling a pair of
Michelin tires. He did not know that she had
consumedso much spaghettithat she had had
to remove her corsets.The amazementthat he
could not conceal started her giggling,and to
the audience'sastonishment both performers
in this tragic death scenewere soon convulsed
with laughter.
As, q8
THACKERAY, William Makepeace(181163), British writer. After trying his hand at the
law and iournalism, Thackeray becamea nouelist. Among his noted uolumes are Yanity Fair
(1847-48), Pendennis(1848), Henry Esmond
(1552),andThe Newcomes(1553-55).He also
wrote t)erse, including some entertaining ballads, and was a popular lecturer.
I On a lecturing tour of the United States
Thack eruy was invited to a feast of Massachusetts oystersby his publisherJamesT. Fields,
who knew the author's great desire to taste
these delicacies.Thackeray, overcome at the
sight of the six huge oysters set before him,
asked in a tremulous voice how he should
begin on them. Fieldspromptly gavea demonstration and swallowed his first oyster. Plucking up courage,Thackeray did likewise. Fields
askedhim how he felt. "As if I had swalloweda
baby," replied Thack eray.
2 Thack eny blackballed a man named Hill,
proposedfor membershipin London's Garrick
Club. This Mr. Hlll was a self-mademan with a
strong cockney accent. "I blackballed him
./

s39

THALES

becausehe is a liar*]] T.hackerayexplained. "He

callshino,self'"ilf"when he isn't. "
3 At his club one d"y Thack erz,ywas accosted by pompous Guards officer who ex"
Thackeray, old boy, I hear
claimed, "Ha,
you're having your portrait painted." Disliking
the man's patronizing tone, Thack eray briefly
assented."Full length?" inquired the officer
superciliously. "No, full-length portraits are
for soldiers,so we can seetheir spurs," replied
Thack eray. "\il7ith authors, the other end of
the man is the principal thing."
$r, qi
THALBERG, Irving J. 0,899-1936),US producer who had an important hand in the successof some of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's most

famousfilms.
I Thalberg usually had his working hours
on
double-or triple-bookedwith conferences
the manyfilmscurrentlyin production.Important and self-importantpeoplemight haveto
wait weeksfor appointments,and when they
arrivedoften found theyhadto cool theirheels
for hours in Thalberg'santeroom.lU7henthe
Marx brotherscameto talk to Thalbergabout
to
A Night at the Opera,they weredispleased
be told they would haveto wait. Lightingup
two cigarsapiece,they stationedthemselves
around the door of his sanctumand busily
puffed smoke through the crack. Eventually
Thalbergemerged."Is there a fire?"he asked.
"No, there'sthe Marx brothersr"Groucho,
Chico,and Harpo told him.
{The next occasionon which the Man<
brothers were told that Thalberg was
busy,they took reprisalsby rearranging
the furniturein his outer officein sucha
way that it was virtually impossiblefor
him to get out of it.)
2 Another victim of the "million-dollar
bench" in Thalberg's offices was George S.
Kaufman. Concerning one such occasion, he
remarked warily, "On a clear day you can see
Thalberg."
'1,936,
3 In
shortly before Thalberg's early
death from pneumonia, his literary scout Al
Lewin brought him the synopsis of a book
about to be published. He was grearly excited
about its potential as a film and as a vehicle for

Clark Gable. The book's title was Gone with

theWind.Thalberg agreedto readthe synopsis,
but kept putting it off. Lewin went on reminding him and asking him about it until at last
Thalberg said that he had read it and he agreed
with everythingLewin had saidabout it. "Burr"
he continued, "I havejust made Mutiny on the
Bounty and The Good Earth. And now you're
askingme to burn Atlanta. No, absolutelynot!
No more epicsfor me now. Just give me a little
drawing-room drama. I'm just too tired."
Ar, '.8

THALES (?640-?546
BC),Greekphilosopher
born at Miletus, on the west coastof modern
Turkey. Thales,none of whose writings has
suntiued,foundedthe earliestschoolof Greek
philosophy.He heldthat therewAsa singleeternal unchangingsubstanceunderlyingall physical phenomena;this he identified with the
elementwnter.
I According to Herodotus (writing a century
afterThales' death),Thales usedhis knowledge
of Babylonianastronomy to predict an eclipse
of the sun. The eclipse occurred just as the
Medes and the Lydians were on the point of
advancing into battle. It so terrified their
armies that they packed their tents and re1
turned home. Modern astronomical investiga- \
t
tions have pinpointed the only eclipse in
Thales' time as that occurring on May 28, 585
BC,a rareinstanceof establishinga precisedate
\
for an early historical event.
t
t
I
I
I
I

2 Aristotle(writingabouttwo centuriesafter I
Thales'death)showsthe philosopherasentre- I
preneur.Peopleoften tauntedThales,sayingI
that all hiswisdomhadfailedto makehim rich. l
Thalesrespondedby buying up all the olivef
presses
in Miletusin ayearwhenhisknowledgeI
of meteorologyenabledhim to predict af
bumpercrop of olives.By chargingmonopo-l
listic pricesfor the useof his newly acquiredl
presses,
he becameextremelywealthyin one[
season.Havingprovedhis point, Thalesthenl
sold all the presses
againand returnedto phi-l
losophy.
I
{SeeHENny Devtp THonEAu 5 for a I
similarapproachto capitalism.)
3 Plato (writing about a centuryand a half
after Thales' death)tells a more typical story
of philosophicalunworldliness.Thales was

540

THALES

walking along a road with his head thrown

back, studying the stars, when he stumbled
into a well. In responseto his cries for help a
seryantgirl cameand pulled him out, obsewing
that while he was eagerto know about thingsin
the sky, he failed to seewh atlay at his own feer.
4 When Thales entertained the grear Athenian lawgiver Solon at Miletus, Solon teased
the philosopher about why he did nor marry
and havechildren.Thalesmadeno reply.Shortly
afterw ard a stranger came to his house and
Thales took him aside for a few words before
introducing him to Solon. The man informed
Solon that he camefrom Athens. Solon eagerly
asked for news. "No newsr" said the stranger,
"apart from the funeral of a great man's son."
"Whose son was this?" inquired Solon.
"l cannot recollect the namer" replied the
stranger, "but the father is a man of great
honor, who is currently traveling abro ad."
Solon,whose forebodingshad beengrowing
throughout the conversation, burst out with,
"'Sfas it the son of Solon?"
"Yes, that was the namer" said the stranger.
\trVhenSolon began to weep and expressextreme grief, Thales took him by the hand and
saidgently, "These things that can strike down
evena man asresoluteasSolonwith uncontrollable grief are the things that prevenr me from
marrying and raisinga family. But take courage,
not a word of the man's story is true."
5 Thales used to saythat there was no essential difference between being alive and being
dead.Someoneaskedwhy, if that was the case,
he choselife insteadof death."Becausethere is
no difference," Thales replied"
Ar, 48
THATCHER, Denis (1915- ), British businessman,husband of British premier Margaret
Thatcher.
I When the Thatchersmoved into L0 Downing Street, the British prime minister's official
residencein London, a reporter asked Denis
Thatcher, "Who wears the pants in this
house?" He answered,"I do, and I also wash
and iron them."

A.' -8
THEMISTOCLES (?527-?450 BC),Athenian
statesman, responsible fo, the Greek uictory

ouer the Persian inuaders at Salamis (480). Ten

years later he was exiled from Athens and in
disgust offered his senticesto the Persian king.
I Themistoclesalienatedthe alliesof Athens
by extorting money from them. Anchoring his
fleet off a small island,he sent a messagesaying
that he had two powerful deities on his side
who would compel them to pay up - Persuasion and Force. The islanderssent back a message saying that they had two equally porenr
gods on their side- Poverty and Despair.

2 Themistocles
wasoverheard
to remarkthat
his youngson ruled all Greece.Askedto explain, he said, "Athens holds sway over all
Greece;I dominateAthens;my wife dominates
me;our newbornson dominates
her."
Compare EuznnETH THE QueeN
MoTHER4.
Fs, 48
THEODORIC [Theodoric the Great]
(c.454-526),kingof theOstrogoths
andof ltaly
(493-525).Hiscourtat Rauenntwasa centerof
lateRomanculture.
1 Althoughan Arian,Theodorichada Cath- |
olic ministerwhom he rrusted.This minister, I
thinking to ingratiatehimselfwith the king, I
announcedthat he wasrenouncinghis tenets il
to embraceArianism.Theodorichad him be- I
manisnot faithfulto his
L."{.9, saying,".lfthis
I
God, how can he be faithful to ffie, a mere i
man?"
As, q8
THIBAUD, Jacques
(1880-1953)
, Frenchuiolinist. He formed a uery successfultrio witb
Alfred Cortot and PabloCasals.
I Thibaud'sliking for gourmetfood, vintage
wines,and beautifulwomenprecludedanyseriousviolin practice.His repertoirewasconsequentlylimited.This did nor affecthis brilliant
successas a performer, however, and he was
immensely popular. After a concert one evening, Thibaud was talking to Moriz Rosenthal
in the greenroom when a young admirer came
in and asked Thibaud to write a few words in
his autograph book. "What shall I write?"
askedThibaud.
"\(/hy not list your repertoire?" suggested
Rosenthal.

5 41,

THOMAS, NORMAN

2 Thibaud once engagedin an amorous escapade, covering his tracks with a flurry of
telegrams to his wife at home: "Concert in
Berlin fantastic success.Sevenencores.Love,
Jacques.""Rome recitalsold out. Immediately
re-engaged.Je t'embrasse.Jacques.""'SV'arsaw
concert unbelievabletriumph. Mille baisers.
Jacques."
Finally he returned home. During dinner-a
that eveningthe seffant brought a telegramfor
Madame Thibaud: "BrusselJappearancesen- t
I
sational.Rave reviews.I miss you. Jacques."
$.D, q8
THIERS, Louis Adolphe (1797 -1877),French
statesmanand historian; first president (L87073) of the Third Republic.
1 Someoneremarkedin Thiers'shearingthat
the great statesman'smother had beena cook.
Thiers, intending to imply that she had been
worthy of a higher estatein life, rushed to her
defense:"She was- but I assureyou that she
was a very bad cook."
4., ..6
THOMAS, Dylan (1,914-53),rYelshpoet. His
talents as a reader of poetry and radio actor
brought bim success,but he was perpetually
short of money. He died prematurely of alcobolism soon after presentingin New York his play
'Wood.
for uoices,Under Milk
I On one occasionwhen Dylan Thomas had
beendrinking and talking freely for some time,
he suddenly stopped. "Somebody's boring
mer" he said."l think it's me."
2 (Donald Hall, who later wrote about his
friendshipwith Thomas, once had an exchange
with the poet that became particularly poignant after Thomas's death.)
"l was complaining about some Sunday
'death-wish.'
papercritic who usedphraseslike
'What
I added,
a
Out of brutal innocence
'$fho
wants to die?' Dylan
dumb idea anyway.
'Oh, I dor' he said. ''Why?'I
looked up at me.
demanded.Just for the changer'he said."
3 "There is a story of [Thomas's]friend in the
funeral parlour, who looked down at the poet's
painted face, loud suit, and carnation in his
'He
would never
buttonhole, only to declare,
have been seendead in it."'

After a successfulcareeroD stal

stage,Julius
resin HollyTannen came upon hard times
ring iob, he
wood. Unable to get an actinl
finally at leastobtained an auditi
iition for an
drama.
editor's role in a newspaperdra
rd, worried
He dressed carefully and,
)upee.After
about his baldness,wore a toup
rok his head
the audition the producershool
think you
and said, "l'm sorry. I don'tt ti
yslvisualized
will do for the part. I've always
tt
lart.
a bald-headedman for the part
rm his head.
Juliuspulled the toupeefrom
"l think I can satisfyyou on tha
that scorer"
he beamed,
rnnen'spolThe producer studied Tann
I te
again."l'm
ishedskull but shook his head
rn't visualize
sorry,Mr.Tannen, I simplycan't
you as a bald-headedman."
- Ben Hecht , A Child of the Century

THOMAS, lPhilip] Edward (1878-191,7),

British poet and critic. His early works conprose;only after
sistedlargelyof miscellaneous
befriendingRobert
Frostin 1912did hebeginto
werewritten
write poetry.Many of his poems
'War
I. He was
while he was sentingin World
killedin actionin 1917.
\
Thom
maswas
I Ear
ny
rl ' i n W orrl<
1d\WarI,, T
asked,f( I
r
ghr
Ittl
he
nB fcor. Bendingl
ew what hne was Ifiel
rinS
e l kne
I
)oe
dc
OV
ot rnd, tlhe
e tp(
)et prickedup al I
wn to> t h e gilc:ou
ha
mb
rbl,
le<
an
ndfu
u l (of dirtt a2I1t
and crur
ed
titt
, h rep
. ( s 'Literal
gers.
fin
ng
llvYY,r for
thiisr' he
e
j
As, ,4

t"l
l,::X.""
/

THOMAS, Norman(1884-1958),
US
ist politician and reformer.
I Norman Thomas campaigned regularly
and unsuccessfullyfor the presidenq"-from
1928to L 948. When Franklin D*Riiosevelt was
president, Thomas visited""'himin the \fhite
House. In the course"'6fthe interview Roosevelt said, "Norman, I'm a damned sight better
politician than you." Thomas replied, "Certainly, Mr. President;you're on that side of the
deSk,and I'm on this.o'
2 (ln the 1960s Thomas's fears of thermonuclear war colored many of his speeches.)

542

THOMAS, NORMAN

"'lf you cannot learn to live with Com'then you

munists,'he told his audiences,
might begin to think about dying with
them.' . . . 'Kennedysaidthat if we had nuclearwar we'd kill 300 million peoplein the
firsthour,'hewould declarein a typicalthrust.
Thentherewould bea rhetoricalpauseandthis
clincher:'McNamara [secretaryof defense],
and likesto save,
who is a good businessman
saysit would be only 200million."'
3 Thomas had many distinguishedsupporters, but lacked mass popular backing.
Complimentedon the lofty characterof his
campaigns,he replied, "l appreciatethe
flowers; only I wish the funeral weren't so
complete."
4 Lookingbackat his recordof failurein his
Thomascomcampaignsfor the presidetrcy,
mented,"While I'd ratherbe right thanpresident,at anytime I'm readyto be both."
Seealso HENnv Crnv 5 and THoues
Rnno2.
As, ..6
THOMSON, Sir GeorgePaget(1,892-1975),
British physicistwho usedelectrondiffraction
experimentsto confirmthesugestionof Prince
deBrogliethat elementaryparticleshauea wAue
natureas well as a particlenature.He was the
of theelecsonof I. ]. Thomson,the discot)erer
tron. Sir Georgewas chairman of the Maud
Committee,which aduisedthe gouernmentin
1940that a fissionbombcouldbe made.
I The Maud Committee was given its name
as a result of a telegram that Niels Bohr, the
famous Danish physicist, managed to send to
his friends in England shortly after the German
occupation of Denmark. The telegramended:
'oPleaseinform Cockcroft and Maud R"y,
Kent," after having assuredhis friends that he
was well. The messagewas mistakenly thought
to be in code and skillfully decoded to mean
"make uranium d"y and night." It was later
found that Maud Ray had been Bohr's English
governess.
As, 48

THOMSON, Joseph(1858-94),British explorer.An expertin geologyand naturalbistory,

hemadeimDortantcontributionsto our knowledgeof Africa.

1 In 1878Thomsonmadehisfirstiourneyto
Africa asgeologistand naturalhistorianin an
expeditionled by AlexanderKeith Johnston.
Barelysix weeks after departtng Zanzibarfor
the interior,Johnstondied,leavingthe twentyone-year-oldThomsonleaderof the expedition. He carried on to the great lakes and
brought the expeditionto an almost entirely
conclusion.On his return to Lonsuccessful
don he wrote the book To Africnn l^akesand
Back, and becamea celebrity.J. M. Barrie
askedThomsonwhat wasthe most dangerous
part of his travels. "Crossing Piccadilly
Circus,"saidThomson.
As' -.6
THOMSON, Robert(1923- ) US baseball
player,born in Scotland.
I No team in the history of American baseball hascome from asfar behind to win a league
pennant as did the National League's New
5"1,.In mid-August they
York Giants in "1,9
trailed the Brooklyn Dodgers by I3t games,
but in the last sevenweeksof the seasonmoved
up to tie for the top spot, forcing a best-ofthree play-off. After each team had won one
game, the Giants, in the final game, with the
score4 to L againstthem, went into the last half
of the last inning, scored a run, picked up one
out, and had two men on base.Dodgerspitcher
Ralph Branca entered the fray to try to get the
other two outs his team needed.Then Bobby
Thomson cameto bat and hit a three-runhome
run to win the game 5 to 4 and the league
pennant for the Giants. Pandemonium broke
out in New York's Polo Ground, and this became one of the best-rememberedmoments in
American baseballhistory.
Looking back on his career,Thomson said,
"l played fourteen or fifteen years in the
maiors. I got more than 11,700 hits and more
than 100 home runs. But I'd be forgotten except for that one."
(Curiously, Ralph Branca expressed a
similar sentiment about that same moment: "l pitched nine or ten yearsin the
big leagues.I threw thousandsof pitches.
And no one has ever let me forget that
one.")
Ar'.<"I
THOMSON, Roy Herbert, lst Baron Thomson of Fleet (1'894-L976), British newspaper

543

THORNDIKE

magnate,born in Canada.Theownerof a numberof Canadianand(JS newspapers,

hebecame
a British citizenin L953.In 1966he took ouer
The Times. His worldwide conglomerate
was
estimatedin the mid-1970sto be worth some
290 million pounds.
I Driving to the officeone dry, Thomson's
son Kenneth,joint chairmanof the Thomson
Organization,took out a copy of The Times
and beganto leaf throughit. "'Wheredid you
get that?" snappedLord Thomson.
"At the shoparoundthe cornerr"repliedhis
son.
"'Well,Kenr"saidthe multimillionaire,"you
take it right back and let someoneelsebuy it.
You canhaveminewhen I've finished."
A" t8
THOREAU, Henry David (1817-62),US
philosopher.His
writer and transcendentalist
best-knou)n
work,Walden(1854),wasthefruit
of two and a half yearsof life in a solitary hut
by Waldenpond. It is admiredfor its descriptions of naturalphenomenaand itsexploration
of man's ielationshipwith nature.

/)

I A friendaskedThoreauwhat hethoughtof
theworld to come."One world at atimer"said
Thoreau.
2 Thoreau'sA Week on the Concord and
Merrimack Riuersdid not sell.Eventuallyhis
publisher,who neededthe space,wrote to ask
Thoreauhow he shoulddisposeof the remaining copies.Thoreauaskedthat they be sentto
him-706 copiesout of the editionof 1,000.
rU7henthey arrived and were safely stowed
away,Thoreau noted in his journal, "I now
havea libraryof nearlynine hundredvolumes,
over sevenhundredof which I wrote myself."
3 (Thoreaumadethe following entry in his
journalon September
8, 1859:)
"I went to the storethe other d^y to buy a
bolt for our front door, for asI told the srorekeeper,the Governorwascominghere.'Ayr,'
saidhe, 'and the Legislaturetoo.' 'Then I will
take two bolts,' saidI. He saidthat therehad
beena steadydemandfor bolts and locks of
late,for our protectorswerecoming."
4 Thoreauwaslanguishing
in jail afterhehad
refusedto pay the Massachusetts
poll rax in

1843. Ralph Waldo Emerson came ro visit him

and asked him why he was there. "'Waldo, why
are you not here?" said Thoreau.
5 Thoreau, whose father had been a manufacturer of lead pencils, was confidenr that he
could improve on the type of pencil in use ar
that time. His early experiments were a great
successand presentedhim with the opportunity to make his fortune. Thoreau, however,
surprisedhis friends by announcing that he had
no intention of making any further pencils.
"\il7hy should I?" he said. "I would not do again
what I have done once."
Seealso THnI-Es 2.
6 Asked whether he had traveled much,
Thoreau replied, "Yes - around Concord."
7 Toward the end of his life Thoreau was
urged to make his peacewith God. "l did not
know that we had ever quarreledr" he replied.
Al, e8

tr

lr

THORNDIKE,
Dame Sybil (1882-1,976),
British actress. In her long and distinguished
cnreersheplayed many memorable Shakespearean roles and created the title role in Bernard
Shaw's SaintJoan (1924).
I Dame Sybil was the daughter of the canon
of Rochester.At evensongone Sunday,shenoticed that her father seemeda little distracted
as he gave the blessing. She later asked him
what he had been thinkirlg about at the time.
"My dear!" he exclaimed. "I was thinking how
wonderful it would havebeenif I had beenon a
trapezeswinging across the aisle."
2 Sybil Thorndike was married to Sir Lewis
Casson,himself a distinguishedactor, and they
frequently toured together, giving dramatic recitals.After his death shewas askedabout their
long and h"ppy marriage. "Did you ever think
of divorce?" was one of the questions. "Divorce?" she said. "Never. But murder often!"

3 DameSybilThorndike appearedin a play\

with DameEdith Evans.Th; ih."t.r manager\
was facedwith a dilemma-to which of the l
two distinguishedactresses
should the Num- f
ber One dressingroom be allocated?In des- i
peration, he consulted Dame Sybil herself.i
"The Number Two dressingroom is equally'

544

THORNDIKE

"but it hasthe disadluxuriousr"he explained,

top
of aflightof stairs."
at
the
being
of
vantage
"There'sno problemat all,my dear,"replied
DameSybil."Let Edith haveNumber One./
canclimb stairs."
As, ..t
US athleteof
THORPE, Jim (1SS8-1953),
AmericanIndian descent.He wasanAll-Americanfootballplayerat CarlisleUniuersity,latera
professional.He won the decathlonand Pentathloneuentsat the 1912Olympicsand wasa
playerfor six
professionalbaseball
major-league
seasons.He was strippedof his Olympic gold
that hehadbeen
medalswhenit wasdiscouered
playingminor-leaguebaseballfor pay in 1909
and 1910and thushad losthis amateurstatus.
Kilngt G
V of Sweden presented
IrTh(
ze bust during the 1,912
rpe
pew
>nz
norl
wit h a brror
rUStSV

pic
al told him, "You, sir,
kh(
rholn
C S Iand
rlm ,Olymp
Sto,
ock
gteatestad
rhllette in the world."
e r:he
hle gr(
are
tts
"Tl
hank
dd Thorpesimply.
fha
nks, king,''sai

a?

2 Questioned about his running ability in

football, Thorpe smiled and said, "l give 'em
the hip, then I take it away."

f 3 When word got around that the Carlisle

I maians had an outstandingtrack team, Harold
Lafayette
I Anson Bruce, coach of the powerful
'$Tarner's
"Pop"
invited
team,
athletes
College
I
Day.Reluctantly,
meet
Alumni
he
dual
on
to
a
I
pay
gvarantee.
large
The
meet
a
was
agreed
to
I
I sold out. But when Bruce went to greet the
a few
I visitors, he was disconcertedto find only
'$(/arner.
getting
train
young
men
off
the
with
I
demanded.
t "\Utrhereare your Indians?" Bruce
'$farner.
"l've
got
answered
enoughr"
\
I "How many?"
\ "Five."
I "But, Pop, I've got a team of forty-six; it's an
leleven-eventprogram. This is a disaster.You
lhaven'ta chance."
'Warner.
| "Wanna bet?" asked
f fnorpe won the high iu-p, the broad iu-p,
ithe pole vault, the shot put, and the low hur/ dles, and was second in the L00. Two others
I ran first and second in the half-mile, the mile,
/ and the two-mile; another won the quarterf mile, and the fifth the high hurdles. Carlisle
won 7I-3t.
/

A* '4

Stories involving amnesia are not rare.

One of the most endearingis told about
the father of the poet Alfred Tennyson.
Once, visiting a new parishioner,he was
politely asked by the seryant admitting
him to identify himself. He found he
could not remember his own name,
turned away, walked, lost in thought,
through the village, and encountered a
rustic who respectfully greeted him:
'ee,
"Good dty to
Dr. Tennyson."
"By God, my man, you're right!" exclaimed Dr. Tennyson.
- Michael Innes, The Gay Phoenix

THRONBERRY, Marv (1933- ), US professional baseballplayer.

1 "During their worst earlyyearsno one symbolizedthe haplesscondition of the New York
Mets better than first basemanMarv Thronberry. He was the good natured butt of many
Mets
of the better (and somewhatexaggerated)
stories. Like the time managerCasey Stengel
got a cake for his birthday and someonein the
clubhouse askedwhy Manrelous Marv hadn't
''We
got one on his birthday.
were afraid he
might drop it,' Stengelexplained."
As, at
US cartoonTHURBER, James(1894-1,961),
ist, short-story writer, and humorist. He contributed to The New Yorke r for many years.
Perhapshis finest book is the autobiographical
My Life and Hard Times (1933).
I The offices of The New Yorker were constantly being altered on Editor Harold Ross's
orders and the sound of hammeringand drilling filled the air as partitions were moved
around by squadsof workmen. Thurber once
hung up a sign outside the elevator that read:
..ALTERATIONS GOING ON AS USUAL
DURING BUSINESS.''

sestetl-i{epfvplt"sr-Wtz.g1*t
2 when T!?_q
Danny Kay-ein the title role, became a hit
that he would
-ouid, S; dld.ryn-dffid
like to haveThurber as a permanentpart of his
team of writers. He tried to lure Thurber to
Hollywood with an offer of $500 ^ week.

545
Thurber, quite content to go on working for
Harold Rossat The New Yorker,wrore back
after a decent interoal,decliningGoldwyn's
offer with "Mr. Rosshas met the increase."
Goldwyn wrote again, raising the offer to
$1,000a week,then$1,500,andfinally$2,500.
On eachoccasionthe response
wasthe same.
Goldwyn decidedto drop the marrer for a
while. Then one d^y he wrote again,bur this
time the offer had droppedro $1,500.Back
cameThurber's reply: "I am sorry, but Mr.
Rosshasmet the decrease."

that he kept no record of the checkshe wrore.

"Then how do you know how much money is
in your account?" asked the manager. "I
thought that was your businessr" retorted
Thurber.

3 (Someof Thurber'stalent for joking may

have been inherited from his mother, M"ry
AgnesFisherThurber.)
"One of her finermomentsin prankishness
camewhen she borrowed a wheelchairat a
faith-healingmeeting,rolled down the aisle,
suddenlystood up, and proclaimedthat she
could walk. With hallelujahssoundingabout
her,shefledon foot asthe ownerof the wheelchairrecognizedhis property."

them.tt
Six months later, the couple separated.

4 One of Thurber's favorite stories concerneda conversationhe had with a nurse

while he was in the hospital."\U7harsevenletter word hasthree,t's in it?" he askedher.
The nurseponderedand then said, "I don't
know, but it must be unusual."
CompareGnoRGEBEnNnRDSHA\trL2.

{
i

I
I

THURLOW

5 At a party a womanlurcheddrunkenlyup
to Thurberandtold him shewouldlike to have
a babyby him. "surelyyou don't meanby unartificialinsemination!"protestedThurber.
lle At anothercocktailparty a womanwaxed
f f enthusiasticover Thurber'swork, sayingthat
f f she found it evenfunnier in Frenchthan in
ll English."Yes,I alwaysseemto losesomething
ll in the original," agreedThurber.

t,

7 Thurber and a friend attended the premiere

of aHollywood specacular. As they *.t. leaving the theater, Thurber inquired what his
companion had thought of the movie. "Well,
not to mince words, I thought it starkr" was
the response."I can't say I liked it that wellr"
murmured Thurber thoughtfully.
8 Having overdrawn his bank account,
Thurber was summoned ro a meering with the
bank manager. The humorist freely admitted

9 Thurberattendeda friend'sparty after hef

hadlost hissight.4r a certainc_ouple
departed,f
he remarkedto his host, "They're going d
breakup."
t
"That's not possible!"exclaimedhis friendl
"I've neverseensuchfriendliness
andsmiling.']
"Yesr"saidThurber,"you snwthem.I heard\
\
I

10 In the fall of 196l Thurber underwenr/

surgeryfor a bloodclot on the brain.He made,
apaftialrecoverybut thencontractedpneumo-i
nia anddiedon the afternoonof November2i
Accordingto legend,hislastwordswere:"Go4
bless. .: Goddamn.'r\\
I
SeealsoHenoLD Ross 12.
Ar, 48
THURLOW, Edward, lst Baron (I73I1805), British statesman, lord chancellor
(1778-83, 1783-92).Tburlow'scommnnding
presence
and powersof patronagemadehim an
important political force. CharlesJames Fox
saidof him: "No maneuertals aswiseasThurlow looks."
I As an undergraduate
at Gonvilleand Caius
College,Cambridge,Thurlow was principally
distinguishedfor his idlenessand unruliness.
His tutor summonedhim andbeganto rebuke
him: "Sir,I nevercometo thewindow but I see
you idling in the court." Adopting the tutor's
tone, Thurlow replied,"Sir, I nevercomeinto
the court but I seeyou idlingat the window."
2 As lord chancellor, Thurlow held the disposal of a number of church beneficesand so
was constantly being approached by various
eminent people who wished him to confer such
wealthy benefices,or livings, on their proreges.
One d"y a poor country curate came to-his
office. Thurlow addressed him in his usual
brusque manner: who was he? what did he
want? in which lord's name did he come?and so
on. The curate stammeredout his nameand the
name of the parish for which he had come ro
apply. "l have no interest, my lordr" he said,

545

THURLOW

"and I come to you in no lord's name, but in

the name of the Lord of Hosts."
"The Lord of Hosts!" said Thurlow. "The
Lord of Hosts! You are the first person to apply
to me in that lord's name,and I'll be damnedif
you don't have the living."

pistol, which he ran slowly over his sitter. "I

find you are two and a half pistols tall," the
painter concluded. "Now - go!" From that
time oo, Tintoretto had no further trouble
with Aretino.

3 The lord chancellor and a certain bishop

had the right to take turns in presentinga partiqular living. Thurlow got into an argument
with the bishop asto whose turn.it was to make
the presentation.Eventuallythe bishop senthis
secretaryalong to seeThurlow. The secretary
said, transmitting his superior's compliments,
that he believedthe next turn belongedto the
bishop. Thurlow replied, "Give your lord my
compliments and tell him that I will see him
damned before he shallpresent." The secretary
turned pale. "My lord, this is a very unpleasant
messageto have to give to a bishop." Thurlow
considered.Then he said, "You are right. It is
indeed. Tell my lord bishop that I will be
damned before he shall present."

(c. 1488-1 576),Italian painter who

.-TITIAN
workedmainly inVenice. He painted numerous
formal portraits, mythological scenes,and religious works. Many of his female subiectshaue
hair of "Titian red," a deep rich auburn color.

4 At the adjournment of the court for the

long vacation, Lord Thurlow, failing to take
the customary leave of the bar, was about to
depart the room in silence."He might at least
'Damn your"'
said a young barrister
have said
in a stage whisper. Thurlow heard, returned,
and obliged.
Aro ".8
TINTORETTO
[Jacopo Robusti] (151894), Italian painter. His nicknallt, which
means "little dyer," refers to his fatlter's profession of silk-dyeing. Most of his masterpieces
were executed in Venice.
1 The satirist Aretino was a highly partisan
supporter of the other great Venetian painter
of the High Renaissance,Titian. He lost no
opportunity to jeer at the dyer's young son.
When Tintoretto beganto obtain commissions
that Aretino consideredshould have been Titian's, the satirist doubled his venom, Tintoretto's poverty and pride making him an easy
target. Tintoretto let it be known that he was
willing to paint Aretino's portrait gratis, an
offer Aretino could not resist.He went to his
victim's studio, took a chair, and struck a pose.
"Stand upr" ordered Tintoretto. "First I must
measureyou." Aretino stood, and Tintoretto
came toward him, drawing out a long horse-

&s, q8

I The Duchessof Urbino, although ugly and

advanced in years,persuadedher husband to
commissionTitian to paint her in the nude. As
Titian was reluctant, his friend, the satiristand
poet Pietro Aretino, suggesteda way around
the prob.lem,T-h.y hil.4 | prostitute, agryl*tjh
an exquisitely beautiful figure, to pose for the
body, and Titian produced an tdeahzedportrait of the duchess for the head. She was
was chrisdelighted, particularly as the picture
'When
it was
tened The Venus of Urbino.
shown to the duke, he sighed and said, "lf I
could have had that girl's body, even with my
wife's head,I would havebeena happierman."
Aretino, to whom this remark was addressed,
laughedso much that he suffereda stroke and
died.
SeePlnrno AnsrlNo 1".
r

2 When very old, Titian finished one of his {I

masterpieces,laid down his brush, and said, "l
think I am beginningto learn somethingabout
painting."
&l, .cE
TOLSTOY, Leo [Nikolaevich],Count (18281910), Russian writer. After an aimless existence as a young man about town in Moscow
and an officer in the Crimean War, Tolstoy returned to his family estateof Yasnaya Polyana,
where he beganthe social experiments that were
to take up much of the rest of his life. His mnrriage to Sonya Bers (1552) Ied to the creatiue
period in which he produced War and Peace
(1S55-59) andAnna Karenina (1,875 -77 ). F rom
1880 he liued according to a doctrine compounded of pacifism and asceticism.
/"t

1 In his last hours Tolstoy firmly resistedthE i

effortsof those who tried to persuadehim to i
reconcilehimself with the Russian Orthodo>* i

rl

547

ll

TOSCANINI

church. "Even in the valley of the shadow of

death, two and two do not make six," he said.
.

As, qt

TOOKE, John Horne (1736-181,2),British

radical politician and philologist. Horne Tooke
founded the Society for Constitutional Information (1771) to campaign for parliamentary
reform. His support of the French Reuolution
occasionedhis trial (1794) fo, high treason; he
was acquitted.
I r$flhenTooke was at school, a masterasked
him in a grammar lesson why a certain verb
governed a particular case. "I don't knowr"
answered Tooke. "That is impossibler" said
the master. "l know you're not ignorant, but
obstin ate." Tooke, however, pers-istedin saying that he didn't know, so the masterbeat him.
The beating over, the master quoted the rule
that coveredthe verb in question."Oh, I know
thatr" said Tooke at once, "but you asked me
the relson, not the ru\e."

q 2 Horne Tooke wasadvisedto take a wife.

i "'Wirhall my heattr" saidhe."'Whosewife shall
,l it be?"
{ {Alsotold of Tom, sonof RichardBrinsi ley Sheridan.)
$s' e8

TOSCANINI, Arturo (1857-1,957), Italian

conductor.He conductedat La Scala,Milan,
and the Metropolitan Opera, Neut York, and
from 1937until his deathwasconductorof the
NBC SymphonyOrchestra.
I During a rehearsal Toscanini flew into a
tantrum with a player and ended by ordering
him from the stage.As the man reachedthe exit
he turned around and shouted, "Nuts to you!"
"It's too late to apologizer" yelled back
Toscanini.
{This retort is also, wrongly, attributed
to SergeiKoussevitzky.)
2 A trumpet player had attracted Toscanini's
wrath during a rehearsal."God tells me how
the music should sound," shoutedthe exasperated conductor, "but you stand in the way!"
3 Just before a concert a clarinetist came up
to Toscanini and said that he would be unable to play since the E-natural k.y on his

instrument was broken. Toscanini thought /

deeplyf.or amoment and then announced,"It's \
all right; you don't have an E natural tonight." I
{There are many other tales of Tosca,
nini's extraordinary musical memory.)
|
4 Every Christmas,composer Giacomo Puccini would have a cake baked for each of his
friends. One year, having quarreled with
Toscanini just before Christmas, he tried ro
cancelthe order for the conductor's cake. But
it was too late - the cake had already been
dispatched.The following day, Toscanini receiveda telegramfrom Puccini: "Cake sent by
mistake." He replied by return: "Cake eatenby
mistake."

5 Puccinihavingdiedshortlybeforefinishing
his opera Turandot,the work was completed
'When
for performanceby Franco Alfano.
Toscanini,who had a profoundreverence
for
Puccini'smusic,usedto conductTurandof,he
alwayslaid down his baton at the point in the
lastact at which Puccinibrokeoff. "Here died
the maestro,"he would announceto the audience,and two minutes'silencewould then be
kept beforeToscaninilaunchedinto Alfano's
finale.
6 Exasperated
by the shortcomingsof an orchestra,Toscaninisuddenlyburstout, "When
I retire,I opena bordello.You know what that
is?Or areyou allcastrati?lwill attractthe most
beautifulwomenin the world for my bordello
- it will be the La Scalaof passion.But I will
lock the door againsteueryoneof you!"
7 Toscanini used to sing with the orchestra
during rehearsals.Engrossedin the music, he
sometimesforgot about this habit. At Salzburg
once during a dress rehearsal,his voice could
be heard above the instruments. Suddenly he
stopped the orchestra and exclaimed, "Foi the
love of God, who's singing here?"
8 The orchestra's librarian was vexed by
Toscanini's habit of hurling valuable scoresar
the orchestra if things went badly during a rehearsal. Obsewing him closely, he noticed
that the conductor's first action when enraged
was to take his baton in both hands and attempt to snap it. If the baton snapped,Toscanini usually calmed down and the rehearsal
went on; if it did nor, he beganthrowing scores.

548

TOSCANINI

The librarianthereforearrangedfor a supplyof

relativelyflimsybatonsto be availableduring
If things went badly, Toscanini
rehearsals.
might break as many as six batons and the
librarian would have to send for spares.
"Lumber, lumber," he would shout to his
assistant.
9 Arrivin g at a town on July 3 during a South
American tour with the NBC Symphony Orchestra,Toscanini told the disgruntledplayers
that he wished them to assembleat the theater
the following morning. The players,who had
beentravelingfor some time, were looking forward to a couple of days' rest from rehearsals.
They obeyedwith an ill grace.When they were
assembled,Toscanini asked them to rise and
Banner."
led them through "The Star-Spangled
"Today is the Fourth of Julyr" he announcedat
the end, and dismissedthem.
10 During a rehearsalof Debussy'sLa Mer,
Toscanini found himself unableto describethe
effect he hoped to achieve from a particular
passage,After a moment's thought, he took a
silk handkerchieffrom his pocket and tossedit
high into the air. The orchestr\ mesmerized,
watched the slow, graceful descent of the
silken square.Toscanini smiled with satisfaction as it finally seffled on the floor. "There,"
he said, "play it like that."
Ar, q8
TOSTI, FrancescoPaolo (1,846-1916),Italian
musician and composer who became singing
master to the British Royal Family. His charming drawing-room songs,notably "Good-bye!,"
were uery popular.
I The young sons of Tosti's friend Mrs.
Seligmanused their own word, "gobinghir" to
describe anything that was ordinary or mundane, and Tosti picked the word up from the
little boys. Once at a dinner party at which the
company promised to be rather boring, Tosti
obsenredin Italian to Mrs. Seligman,"There're
a large number of gobinghi here."
"Oh, you naughty manr" said the hostess
coyly, "you forget I know Italian and I understand every word you say."
"Not euerywordr" said Tosti.

6r' <8

TOWNSHEND, Charles(1725-67), British

politician;
chancellorof the exchequer(1755- i
'57).
His prematuredeathpreuentidb;m fro* (
of his un-|
seeingthe catastrophicconsequences
populartaxeson the Americancolonies.
t
;
I A certainJamesHarris, author of some
book i
anda once-celebrated
moralistictreatises
r, waselectedto Parlia-I
on a
menr After he had madehis maiden,p...h, I
Townshenddemandedto know who hi was. i
"Mr. Harris of Salisbury,who has written a i
very ingeniousbook of grammarand anotheri
on virtuer"someoneinformedhim. "'Whatthei
devilbringshim here?"Townshenddemanded.i
"I am rurEhe will find neitherthe onenor thei
otherin the Houseof Commons."
4., 48
TRACY, Spencer (1900- 67), US fil* actor.
His films includeBoy's Town (1938),Father of
the Bride (1950),and The Old Man and the Sea
(195 S).He frequently co-starredwitb Katharine
Hepburn, notably in Adam's Rib (1949), Pat
and Mike (1952),and GuessWho's Coming to
Dinner (1967).
I When askedwhat he looked for in a script,
Tracy's immediate reply was, "Days off."
2 Tracy was asked by director Garson Kanin
why he alwaysinsistedon first billing when he
co-starred in films with Katharine Hepburn.
"\ilfhy not?" askedTracy. "Well, after allr" reasoned Kanin, "she's the lady and you're the
man. Ladies first?" Retorted Tracy: "This is a
movie, not a lifeboat."
3 When a young actor asked SpencerTracy
for help with his acting, Tracy gavesome of the
'Just learn your
most valuableadvice to date:
lines and don't bump into the furniture."
A.'t6
TRAVERS, William R. (1819-87),USlawyer
and wit.
I A bore who had beendiscoursingtediously
throughout dinner turned to William Travers
and inquired, "Do you think oysters have
brains?"
"Y-y-yes," Travers replied in his celebrated
'J-i-iust enough b-b-brainsto k-k-keep
stutter.
their mouths s-s-shut."

549

TREN9H

2 Travers was in a group of people watching

the end of a yacht race at Newport. As boat
after boat glided across the finish line, the
namesof the owners were announced- every
one of them a wealthy stockbroker. Gazing at

the glitteringflotilla, Traverspiped up, "And

-w-where are the c-c-customers'yachts?"

6.' ..6
TREE, Sir Herbert Beerbohm(1853-1917),
Britisb actorand theatermanage6known especially for his Shakespearean
roles.He was Sir
Max Beerbohm'shalf-brother.
I Tree was directinga rehearsalof a play in
which he felt that the actresses,
with their
rathersophisticated
had not capappearance,
spiritof theirroles.Stopping
turedtheessential
them,he said,"Ladies,justa little morevirginity, if you don't mind."
2 Encountering a man one d"y in the street
staggeringunder the weight of a grandfather
clock, Tree stopped him and inquired, "My
good man, why not carry a watch?"
{There are numerous versions of this
story, more or lesscircumstantial,attributed to severalpeople.)
3 Tree showed Max Beerbohm a letter that
he had receivedfrom an admirer who had seen
him act the night before. Max read it and commented, "That's very nice."
"V.ryr" said Tree happily. "l can stand any
amount of flattery so long as it's fulsome
enough."
4 One of the more btzarreproductions of the
silent-film era was a version of Macbeth produced in L 91,6by D. W. Griffith, who was ambitious to raisethe cultural standing of the film
industry. Castin the title role, Tree did not take
easilyto the medium; it is said that on the first
d^y of shooting he pointed to the cameraand
said, "Take that black box away. I can't act in
front of it."
{Tree eventually becameaccustomedto
the presenceof the camera.He categorically refused, however, to cut any of
Shakespeare's
text, despite the fact that
none of it would be heard. To avoid
wasting expensivefilm, the director was
obliged to tell the cameramanto pull the
crank out of the camerauntil it was necessaryto shoot some action.)

5 Duringthe rehearsal
of a scenethat wasnod
working out too well, Tree directeda youngI
actorto stepbacka little.Themandid so.After I
a while Tree stoppedthe rehearsalagain:" Al
little furtherback,please."Againthe actordid
ashe wasbiddenand the rehearsalcarriedonl
Tree stoppedit a third time: "Further bacf
still," he requested."But if I go anyfurthS
back,I'll be right off the stage,"prorestedrhb
actor."Yes,that'srightr" saidTree.
t
6 The writer Hesketh Pearson was once
waiting to speak to Tree at His Majesty's
Theatre in London. Another man, a strangerto
Pearson,was also presenton the samemission.
When Tree finally arrived, he looked at the two
men for a moment, then sat down between
them. "Consider yourselves introduced," he
said, "because I only remember one of your
names,and rhat wouldn't be fair to the other."
7 Tree had little money sense,and his financial manager at the Haymarket Theatre was
constantly warning him againstbeing overgenerous. As an example of unnecessaryexpenditure, he once cited Tree'shabit of taking him to
lunch at the Carlton every d"y and paying the
bill out of petty cash.Tree thanked him for his
advice and promised immediate reform. At
lunchtime that d^y, he dutifully took his
manager to a nearby teashop and said ro the
waitress, "Madam, will you please give this
gentleman anice glassof milk and alargebun."
Then, turning to his colleague,Tree saidamicably, "Pick me up at the Carlton when you have
had enough- but do have enough."
8 Tree once had cause to criticize a young /
actor for his overbearingconceit. "l assureyour l
sir," retorted the actor indignantly, "that I am I
not sufferingfrom a swelled head."
I
"lt isn't the swelling that causessufferingr" I
remarked Tree. "lt's the subsequentshrinkageI
that hurts."

Ar, ..6
TRENCH, Richard Chenevix (1807-85),
Britisb diuineand biblicalscholar.He u)asdean
of Westminster(1.856-54)and archbishoptf
Dublin (1554-84).
I In I875 a fall fracturedboth of Trench's
knees,afterwhich he neverfully recoveredhis
health,living in fear of paralysis.
A lady sitting

TRENCH

ss0
a

next to him at dinner noticed that the elderly

cleric was agitated and muttering to himself,
"It's come at last; I can't feel a thing; I'm paralyzed." She asked Trench what was wrong.
"I've beenpinching my leg for the last five minutesand I can't feela thing," he replied."l must
be paralyzed."The lady colored. "lt's all right,
Your Grace," shesaid,"it's my leg you've been
pinching."

hisarchbishopric
2 In 1884Trenchresigned
on ground.sof ill heaith.Sometime later his
mvited him and Mrs. Trench back
successor
for ashortstayat thebishop'spalacein Dublin.
Feelingcomfortableand at homein the house
wherehe had livedfor so long,Trenchforgot
, that hewasnot thehost.At a mealat whichthe
,food wasratherpoor he suddenlyboomedout
iacrossthetableto hiswife,"My dear,you must
ilcountthis cook asone of yo,rt failures."
Ar' '4
TRILLING, Lionel (1905-76),US educator
and author. Professorof Englishat Columbia
Uniuersity,he wrote many works of criticism,
includingTheLiberal'World
Imagination(1950)and
(1972).
Mind in the Modern
I "The eruditeLionelTrillingandtheerudite
JacquesBarzun[also a Columbiaproffessor]
got into a punningmatchwhena student,discussingMalthus'sEssay on Population,cited
themotto of theOrderof theGarter, Honi soit
qui maly pense-'Shameon him who imputes
ill to it.' Barzunremarked,'Honi soit que
Malthuspense.'Trilling rejoined,'Honi soit
qui mal thuspuns."'
As, q8
TROLLOPE, Anthony (1815-82),British
nouelist.He workedmostof his life for the Post
Office,and his many nouelsweremainly written between5:30 A.M.and breakfast,beforehe
left for work. His greatestworks fall into two
series:the Barsetshirenouels,which centeron
and theirfamiliesin an imaginary
theclergymen
cathedralcity, and the political nouels,which
dealwith high-societylife.
Trollopeas one
I t MichaelSadleirdescribes
himself
to think, but
"scarcely
giving
time
I
\ splutteringandroaringout aninstantly-formed
\ opinion couched in the very strongestof
f terms." At a meetingof surveyors,Trollope

suddenlyfired at the speakerwho preceded I

him, "l disagree
with you entirely.What wasit
you said?"
I

2 A lady sitting next to Trollope at dinner

observedthat he helped himself liberally from
every dish that was offered to him. "You seem
to have a very good appetite, Mr. Trolloper"
she remarked, rather impertinently. "Non e at
all, madam," he replied, "but, thank God, I am
very greedy."
3 The character of Mrs. Proudie, the insufferablewife of the bishop of Barchester,in the
Barsetshirenovels is one of Trollope's greatest
successes.In his Autobiography he owns to
taking great delight in his creation of her. One
morning he was sitting writing in the drawing
room of his London club, the Athenaeum,
when he overheard two clergymen talking
about his work. They were complainingthat in
different books Trollope kept on introducing
the samecharactersagainand again."If I could
not invent new characters,I would not write
novelsat all," saidone. Then the other beganto
complain about Mrs. Proudie. This was too
much for Trollope, who approached them,
confessingthat he was the author of the novels
they were criticizing. "As to Mrs. Proudie, I
will go home and kill her before the week is
overr" he promised. The two clergymen,much
embarrassed,begged Trollope to overlook
their comments, but Trollope kept his word.
The novel he was working on was The Last
Chronicle of Barset, and in it he describesthe
suddenand shocking death of his old favorite,
Mrs. Proudie.
4 (ln 1858 the Post Office dispatchedTrollope to the \WestIndies with the title of "missioner" to investigateand make suggestionsfor
reorganizing the postal system in Britain's
Caribbeanand Central American colonies.)
"Trollope was determined to prove that a
certain distancecould be coveredon muleback
in two days. The local postal authorities declared that the journey would take three, and
to support their claim purposely provided the
troublesome visitor with an uncomfortable
saddle. In consequencethe first day's ride reduced the missioner to the extremes of raw
discomfort. The morrow (if he were to carry
his point) must be another, equally fatiguing
d"y. Only one remedy was possible,and that a

551

TRUDEAU, EDITARD

drastic one. He ordered two bottles of brandy,

poured them into a washbasin,and sat in it."
Al, 48
TROLLOPE, Frances (1730-1853), British
nouelist, trAueler,and mother of Anthony Trollope. Forced to support her family by writing,
she published some well-receiued nouels, including The \7idow Barnaby (1838).
I There was constant friction between Mrs.
Trollope and the local vicar, a well-known
'Sf.
evangelicalcalled J.
Cunningham. Objecting to Mrs. Trollope's allowing her daughters
to act charadesat parries, he asked whether
she considered play-acting a'suitable amusement for young ladies. ::\tlhy nor?" said Mrs.
Trollope. "Mrs. Cuqniirgham has eveningparties at which we,afL always glad to heat-yout
daughterspl4y'{he piano."
"Yesr" sait the vicar, "but they always keep
their backs to the audience."
2 (The novelist Sabine Baring-Gould reimembers meeting Mrs. Trollope at Pau one
i winter when shewas a child and Mrs. Trollope
an old lady.)
"The English residentswere not a little shy
her, fearing lest she should take stock of
of
,
i them and use them up in one of her novels;for
she had the character of delineatingmembers
of her acquaintance,and that nor to their advantage.Someoneasked her whether this was
'Of
courser' answered Mrs.
t not her practice.
'I
Trollope, draw from life - but I alwayspulp
my acquaintancesbefore seroingthem up. Youi
' would never recognize a pig in a sausage."'
t
Ar, '.S
TROTSKY, Leon [Lev Davidovich Bronstein]
(1,879-1940), Russian reuolutionary. Witb
Lenin he organized the Nouember Reuolution.
Elected commissAr for war, he created the Red
Army. He fell from fauor after Lenin's death in
1,924,and was finolb expelledby Stalin (1.929).
He was assassinatedin Mexico City.
I 1 A Russian migr6 in Vienna during \7orld
, \Var I, Trotsky spenr much of his time playing
; chessin the Cafe Central and was regarded by
those who knew him as a harmless, almost
pathetic figure. In March I9I7, the Austrian
foreign minister was informed by an excited official that revolution had broken our in Russia.

"Russiais not a landwhererevolutionsbreak

out," saidthe ministerskeptically,dismissingI
the credulousyoung man. "Besides,who on I
earthwould makea revolutionin Russia?
Per- I
hapsHerr Trotsky from the CafeCentral?"
I
I
a.o48
TROY, Hugh (1,906-64),US
artistandpracticalioker.
I In 1935the Museumof ModernArt sponsored the first American exhibition of van
Gogh's art. Troy suspectedthat many of the
vast crowds of peoplewho throngedto the
show were more attractedby the sensational
detailsof van Gogh'slife than sincerelyinterestedin his art.He madea replicaof an earour
of chippedbeefand had it mountedin a little
blue velvetdisplaycase.Under it was a card
reading:"This was the ear that Vincent van
Goghcut off and sentto his mistress,a French
prostitute,24 December1888."The earwas
placedon a tablein thegalleryandwasimmediatelya prime draw for the crowd.
A+ e$
TRUDEAU, Edward Livingsron (1S48191,5),pioneerin thefiShtagainsttuberculosis.
| "Many patientscameto Dr. Trudeauwith
insufficientfunds.'Doctorr'saidone of them,
'before you
do anything- I have very little
money. . . . How muchwill it cost?'
"'D.pends on how much you'vegot, and
how sickyou are.'Hepreparedto examinethe
'James (Quick)

Tillis, the young heavyweight...

is a cowboy from Oklahoma who now fights our of Chicago. He
still remembershis first day in the rilTindy
City after his arrival from Tulsa.
"'I got off the bus with rwo cardboard
suitcasesunder my arms in downtown
Chicago and sroppedin front of the Sears
Towerr' Tillis said. 'I put the suitcases
down, and I looked r'tpat the Tower and I
said to myself, I'm going to conquer
Chicago.'
''When
"
I looked down, the suitcases
were gone.tt'
'!,99I
- Los AngelesTimes,
July ZS,

552

TRUDEAU, EDWARD

patient'schest.'You see,it's thisway,If you're

not verysick,it will costyou quitea lot, soI can
usethe moneyon thosewho areverysick.'He
'But if you'rein
proceeded
to the examination.
-'
way,
why
a bad
"'How badam I, doctor?'
finishedtheexam"'Quiet, please.'Trudeau
ination.And then, his facefloodedwith tenhe handedhispatienta ten-dollarbill.
derness,
'lt will helpa bit in the daysahead."'
Ar' qt
TRUDEAU, PierreElliott (1919- ), CanaLiberalprime minister(1958dian statesman;
79, L980-84).He opposedFrenchseparatism,
despitehis own FrenchCanadianbackground,
and dealt with separatistagitation in Quebec
(1970)by imposinga periodof martiallaw.
I Trudeau faced some criticismwhen opposition memberslearned that anonymous
donorswerefinancinga newswimmingpool at
the prime minister'sofficialresidencein Ottawa."You maycomeoverat anytime to practice your diving," Trudeau told one of his
opponents."Even beforethe wateris in."
Ar, {E
TRUMAN, Harry S.(1884-1972),US statesman; 33dpresidentof theUnitedStates(194553).Shortlyaftertakingoffiteuponthedeathof
Franklin Rooseuelt,he ordered the atomic
bombingof two Japanesecitiesto end the war
with Japan. In foreignpolicy he initiated the
Truman Doctrine, sendingmilitary and economicaid to statestltreatenedwith interference
from otherpowers.His MarsballPlan (1948)
assistedEurope'spostwarrecouer!,andhepromoted the formation of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization(NATO). His Fair Deal
programfor domesticreformachieuedimprouementsin old-agebenefitsand slum clenrance.
I Trumanhad acceptedthe vice presidency
On April 12,1945rhe
with extremereluctance.
wassummonedto the \7hite House.Therehe
was shown into EleanorRoosevelt'ssitting
room and she told him gentlythat President
wasdead.After a moment'sstunned
Roosevelt
silence,Trumanaskedher,"Is thereanythingI
can do for you?"
Sheshook her head."Is there anythingwe
cando for you?"shesaid."For you'rethe one
in troublenow."

2 In December 1950 President Truman's

daughter, Margaret, gavea public singing recital in Washington, which was unenthusiastically received by Paul Hume, the Washington
Posf'smusic critic. He characterizedher voice
as having "little size and farcquality," said she
sang flat much of the time, and complained
that there were "few moments . . when one
can relax and feel confident that she will make
her goal, which is the end of the song."
Truman penned the following letter: "l have
just read your lousy review buried in the back
pages.You' sound like a frustrated old man
'lrho never made a success,an eight-ulcerman
on a four-ulcer iob, and all four ulcersworking.
I have never met you, but if I do you'll need a
new noseand plenty of beefsteakand perhapsa
supporter below. Westbrook Pegler,a guttersnipe,is a gentlemancomparedto you. You can
take that as more of an insult than as a reflection on your ancestry."
{This letter was madepublic and causeda
considerablefuror, but most Americans
seem generally to have approved Truman's fatherly readiness to leap to his
daughter'sdefense.)
3 After Truman had referred to a certainpolitician's speechas"a bunch of horsemanure," it
was suggestedto Bess Truman that she persuadeher husband to tone down his language.
Mrs. Truman replied, "You don't know how
many yearsit took me to tone it down to that!"
{This is one of many varrantsof a probably apocryphal story.)
4 It may have been Truman who started the \t \
joke about one-handed economists. "All my tt \\
'on
the one hand . . . on the t \
economistsSxy,
il
other.' Give me a one-handedeconomist!"
l \

t\

5 As president,Truman kept two signson his

desk. One quoted Mark Twain: "Always do
right. This will gratify some people and astonish the rest." The other read, "The buck stops
here."
6 During an informal discussion with Truman, an eageryoung student asked,"How do I
get started in politics, sir?"
"You've alreadystartedr" replied the former
president. "You're spending somebody else's
money, aren't you?"

553

TTTAIN

7 In her book SouuenirMargaretTrumanrecalls the Christmasof 1955. The president

found his wife at the fireplacedisposingof lettershe hadwritten to her overthe years."But
tlrink of history," he protested."l haue," repliedBess.
{Actuallyhundredsof theselemerswere
saved;a selectionis availablein Dear
Bess:The Letters from Harry to Bess
TramAn,1910-1959,editedby Robert
H. Ferrell.)
As' 48
TRUTH, Soiourner[IsabellaVan \Tagener]
(c. 1797-1883), US euangelist,abolitionist,
femini st,andorator.D uringtheReconstruction
periodfollowingtheUSCiuilWar shehelpedin
the resettlement
of emancipatedslAues.
I SojournerTruth wasoneof the firstblacks
to test the streetcarantidiscrimination
law in
WashingtonD.C.Havingfailedto gera trolley
to stopfor herwhenshesignaled,
sheshouted
at thetop of hervoice,"I wantto ridelI wantto
ride!I want to ride!" A largecrowd gathered,
andthe streetcar
wasunableto continueon its
way.SojournerTruth jumpedaboardandwas
told by the angryconductorro go forward to
wherethe horseswereor hewouldput herout.
Truth satdown quietlyand informedthe conductorthat shewasa passenger
andwould not
be bullied:"As a citizenof the EmpireStateof
New York, I know the law aswell asyou do."
Sosaying,sherodethecarto theendof theline
and left it with the words,"BlessGodl I have
hada ride."
6$

48

TURNER, Joseph Mallord William (17751851),British landscapepainter. His later work

is remarkablefor its brilliant useof color, shown
in such masterpiecesas The Fighting T6mdraire
and his Venetian scenes.
1 A naval officer complained to Turner that
the shipsin his view of Plymourh had no porrholes.The painter retorted, "My businessis to
paint not what I know, but what I see."
2 Handed a salad at the table, Turner remarked to his neighbor, "Nice cool green,that
lettuce, isn't it? and the beetroot pretty red not quite strong enough; and the mixture, delicate tint of yellow rhar. Add some mustard,
and then you have one of my pictures."

3 Other artists loathed being hung nexr ro

Turner at exhibitions, as the brilliance of his
colors had a disastrouseffect on the pictures
on either side. \fhen Cologne was hung between two paintings by Sir Thomas Lawrence,
the greatportraitist complainedso bitterly that
Turner good-naturedlytoned down the golden
sky in his painting to an overalldullness."'What
haveyou done to your picture?" askeda friend
in horror when he saw the change."'W'ell,poor
Lawrence was so unhsppy," explained Turner.
"lt's only lampblack. It'll all wash off after the
exhibition."
4 Turner always regretted selling his paintings and would wear an expressionof woe for
days after a sale."l've lost one of my children
this week," he would explain.

?
!
i
I

5 The watercolorist Thomas Girtin was the

exact contemporary of Turner, and their talents for evoking atmosphere by use of color
'When
were astonishingly similar.
Girtin died
young in 1802, Turner observedin his characteristicallygenerouswayr"lf Girtin had lived, I
would have stanred."
6 One of Turner's most famous and popular
pictures was his painting of the fire that destroyed the old Houses of Parliamenrin 1834.
It is remarkable for its evocation of an immenselycomplex scenecaught at amoment of
high drama. Firsr exhibited at the British Institution, it was hung in a far from complete state.
For three hours before the public were admitted, Turner work{d busily on it. tVhen he had
finished,he just wflked aw^yrneverturning his
head to have a lopk at the completed picture.
The historical pfinter Daniel Maclise, who
witnessed this e{traordinary scene,obseroed,
"There, that's mhsterly; he does not stop to
look at his work; he knows itis done and lre is
off.tt

Ar' 48
TWAIN, Mark [SamuelLanghorneClemens]
(1835-L9I0),UShumorist,writer,andlecturer.
4t ! boy liuingon thebanksof the Mississippi,
hebecameenchanted
with theromanceof tiie-on
thegreatriuer.Althoughapprenticedto a printer
at an ear! dge,he neuerdid settledown to any
one profession,but made his liuing as a riuir
pilot, a prospectorin theFarWest,a newspaper
reporter. When he finolly began writing in

T'$TAIN

earnest,he took his pseudonym from the riuerI man's term for water iust barely deepenoughfor
\safe nauigation.Tom Sawyer(1575) and Huckleberry Finn (1884) Are consideredthe masterpieces in his prolific output As writer and
lecturer Mark Twain proiected an enormously
popular shrewd and comic personA. Consequently, innumerable anecdotes haue become
attached to him.
1 In order to apply for the post of reporterat-large on the Territorial Enterprise, Samuel
Clemenswalked 130 miles to Virginia City in
Nevada Territory. He arrived at the newspaper's
offices one hot afternoon in August, a dustcovered, weary strangerin a slouch hat, with a
revolver slung on his belt, and a roll of blankets
on his back. He wore a blue woolen shirt and
dusty trouserstucked into his boots. Dropping
into a chair, he announced,"My starboardleg
seems to be unshipped. I'd like about one
hundred yards of line; I think I am falling to
pieces." He added, "My name is Clemensrand
I've come to write for the paper."
{Albert Bigelow Paine commented, "It
was the master of the world's widest estate come to claim his kingdom.")
2 When Mark Twain was an impoverished
young reporter in Virginia City, he was walking
along the street one d^y with a cigar box under
his arm. He encountered a wealthy lady he
knew who said to him reproachfully, "You
promisedme that you would giveup smoking."
"Madam," replied Twain, "this box does
not contain cigars.I'm iust moving."
r J As a cub reporter' Mark Twain was told
never to stateas fact anything that he could not
personally verify. Following this instruction to
Itte letter, he wrote the following account of a
galasocial event: "A woman giving the name of
Mts. JamesJones,who is reported to be one of
the society leadersof the city, is said to have
given what purported to be a party yesterdayto
"
i ^ number of allegedladies.The hostessclaims
I to be the wife of a reputed attorney."
4 On board ship on an expedition to the Holy
Land, Clemens made the acquaintance of
CharlesJ. Langdon, a young man from Elmira,
New York, who was a greatadmirer of his. At
some point Langdon showed him a miniature
of his sistet, Olivia. Clemens could not forget

554
her face and resolved to meet her. He later
maneuveredan invitation to visit the Langdon
home for aweek, and in that week he fell thoroughly for Livy, 2s the family called her. On
the last d^y of his visit he said to Langdoo,
"Charley, my week is up, and I must go home."
Langdon did not presshim to stay longer, but
said, "'We'll have to stand it, I guess,but you
mustn't leavebefore tonight."
"l ought to go by the first trainr" said Clemens gloomily. "l am in love."
"ln what?"
"ln love - with your sister,and I ought to
get away from here."
Langdon was now genuinely alarmed: no
one was good enoughfor his sister,the family's
darling. "Look here, ClemenSr" he said,
"there's a train in half an hour. I'll help you
catch it. Don't wait till tonight. Go no\ry."
(ln fact, Clemensdid stay until after din- I
ner. He and Langdon were about to set
off for the station when the seat of their
wagon, not properly locked into place,
threw them into the street. Neither was
seriously hurt; Clemens was only dazed,
but made surethat he did not recovertoo
quickly. He was taken back into the
house, where he remained for another
two weeks. Li'ny did become his wife.)
5 Mark Twain's wife did her best to censor
the more picturesqueflights of her husband's
language.One morning he cut himself shaving
and cursed long and loud. \fhen he stopPed,
his wife tried to shamehim by repeatingto him
verbatim all the profanities that he had iust
uttered. Twain heard her out and then remarked, "You have the words, my dear, but
I'm afraid you'll never master the tune."
6 A businessmannotorious for his ruthlessnessannouncedto Mark Twain, "Before I die I
mean to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. I
will climb Mount Sinaiand read the Ten Commandmentsaloud at the top."
"I have a better idear" said Twain. "You
could stay home in Boston and keep them."
\Z Arriving at a small town in the courseof a
ilecture tour, Mark Twain went to the local
barber
\barbershop for a shave, and told the'oYou've
lthat it was his first visit to the town.
l.hor.n a good time to comer" said the barber.
f'Mark Twain is going to lecture here tonight.
fYou'll want to go, I suppose?"

555
r--l
rI

TlTAIN

'

--

gu
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.)

8 There were alwayscats at Mark Twain's

farm,and favoritecatshadtheir own namesBlatherskite,SourMash,StrayKit, Sin,Satan.
His childreninheritedhis love of them. His
daughterSusyonce said,"The differencebetweenPapaand Mammais,that Mammaloves
moralsand Papalovescats."
f | 9 As Twain and his good friend the writer
I I \Tilliam Dean Howells were leavingchurch
| | one Sunday,it startedto rain heavily.Howells
I llooked up at the cloudsand said,"Do you
I lthink it will stop?"
\ | "It alwayshas,"repliedTwain.
l{
10 tU7hen
the printingplateswerebeingpreparedfor the illustrationsto HuckleberryFinn,
a mischievousengraver(whoseidentity was
neverdiscovereddespitethe postingof a reward)madean additionto the pictureof old
SilasPhelps.He drewin a malesexorgan,thus
alteringentirelythe implicationsof the pictured Aunt Sally'squestion,"'Who do you
think it is?"The alterationwasdiscovered
only
afterthousandsof the bookshad beenprinted
and bound,and the offendingillusrrationhad
to be cut out by handand replaced.
ll

After severalattempts,Mark Twainat last

obtained an appointment to see General

UlyssesS. Grant at home. He was elatedat this
prospect, but when he actually confronted
Grant and looked at that square, imperturbable, unsmiling face, he found himself , for the
first time, unable to think of what ro say.
Grant, noted for his taciturnity, nodded
slightly and waited. Mark Twain hesitated,and
then inspiration came. "Gene ralr" he said, "I
seemto be a little embarrassed,are you?" This
broke the ice, and there were no further difficulties.
Twelve yearslater the two men met again in
Chicago, at a reception for GeneralGrant after

his world tour. Twain arrived in time for the

largewelcoming procession.On the way to the
reviewing stand, the mayor of Chicago said,
"General, let me present Mr. Clemens,a man
almost as great as yourself." The two men
shook hands,and there was a pause.Then the
general looked at Twain gravely. "Mr. Clemensr" he saidr"I am not embarrassed,
are you?"
They both laughed.
12 Mark Twain often did his writing in bed,
regardlessof the time of day. On one occasion
his wife came in to tell him that a reporter had
arrived to interview him. \fhen Twain showed
no sign of being ready to get up, she said,
"Don't you think it will be a little embarrassing
for him to find you in bed?"
"Why, if you think so, Liry," Twain responded, "we could have the other bed made
up for him."
13 Henry Iroing was telling Mark Twain a
story. "You haven't heard this, have you?" he
inquired after the preamble. Mark Twain assured him he had not. A little later lwing again
paused and asked the same question. Mark
Twain made the sameanswer. Irving then got
almost to the climax of the tale before breaking
off again-t'Are you quite sure you haveni
heard this?" The third time was too much for
his listener."I can lie oncer" saidTwain, "I can
lie twice for courtesy'ssake,but I draw the line
there. I can't lie the third time at any price. I not
only heard the story, I invented it."
14 When Mark Twain was in London, a
rumor of his death or imminent death reached
the editor of the New York tournal, who senr
its London correspondentthe following cablegrams: "IF MARK TWAIN DYING IN POVERTY IN LONDON SEND 5OO\UTORDS''
and "IF MARK T\7AIN HAS DIED IN POV'WORDS."
ERTY SEND 1000
The lournal's
man showed the cables to Mark Twain, who
suggestedthe substanceof a reply to the effect
that a cousin, JamesRoss Clemens,had been
seriouslyill in London, but had recovered.The
reply ended with "REPORT OF MY DEATH
GREATLY EXAGGERATED.''
15 One night a group of Twain's friends and
admirers in New York, rememberingit was the
writer's birthd^y, resolved to send him birthd"y greetings. The globe-troming Twain was

556

TWAIN

awayon histravelsandnoneof themknewhis

address.So they maileda letter superscribed
'Where."
Some
"Mark Twain, God Knows
weekslaterthey receivedan acknowledgment
readingsimply:"He did."
CompareSln HuupHRYDRvv L.
16 After attending a service conducted by
Dr. Doane, later bishop of Albany, Mark
Twain congratulated him on an enjoyable service. "l welcomed it as an old friendr" he went
on. "l have a book at home containing every
word of it." Dr. Doane bristled. "l am sureyou
o'lndeed
I have,"
have not," he replied huffily.
Twain persisted."'Well, I'd like to have a look
at it then. Could you sendit over to me?" The
following day Twain sent him an unabridged
diction ary.
17 A devoteeof cigars,Mark Twain was contemptuous of those who made a great to-do
about giving up smoking. He always claimed
that it was easyto quit: "l've done it a hundred
times!"
18 Mark Twain, carelessabout his dress,one
d^y called on Harriet BeecherStowe without
his necktie. On his return Mrs. Clemens noticed the omission and scolded him. A little
Mrs. Jtows
s
Stowe's
uP on rvlrs.
turned up
i later a messengerrurneq
\doorstep and handed her a small package.Inlsidewas a black necktie,and a note: "Here is a
lnecktie.Take it out and look at it. I think I

istayedhalf an hour this morningwithout this

At theendof thattime,will you kindly
;necktie.
i
lreturn it, as it is the only one I have.Mark
t

lTwain."
19 Mark Twain loved to bragabout his hunting and fishing exploits. He once spent three
weeks fishing in the Maine woods, regardless
of the fact that it was the state'sclosed season
for fishing. Relaxing in the lounge car of the
train on his return journey to New York, his
catch iced down in the baggagecar, he looked
for someoneto whom he could relatethe story
of his successful holiday. The stranger to

whom he beganto boastof his sizablecatch\

then positivelyI
appearedat first unresponsive,
grim."By the way,who areyou, sir?"inquiredI
Twainairily."l'm the stategamewarderr"wasj
the unwelcomeresponse."Who are you?"f
Twainnearlyswallowedhiscigar."'Well,to bef
perfectlytruthful, warden," he said hastily,l
"l'm the biggestdamnliar in the wholeUnitedi
States.

tt

20 Twain was tired of receivingphotographs

from men claiming to be his double. To cope
with the heavycorrespondencethis entailedhe
composed the following form letter and had
his printer:run off a few hundred copies: "My
dear Sir, I thank you very much for your letter
and your photograph. In my opinion you are
more like me than any other of my numerous
doubles. I may even say that you resembleme
more closelythan I do myself. In factr l intend
to use your picture to shaveby. Yours thankfully, S. Clemens."
2I "ln a world without women," Twain was
once asked,"what would men become?"
"Scarce, sir," replied Twain. "Mighty
scarce.tt

22 In later life Mark Twain sufferedperiodically from bronchitis and arthritis. Whenever
the newspapersreported that he had had another attack, well-wisherswould sendhim prescriptions, remedies,nostruffis, and elixirs of
life in the hope of bringing about his recovery.
He had a standard reply for acknowledging
theseunsoliciteditems:"Dear Sir (or Madam),
I try everyremedysent to me. I am now on No.
87. Yours is 2,653. I am looking forward to its
beneficialresults."
23 When Mark Twain was born in Not
vember 1835, Halley's comet blazed in the\
night sky. Twain often referred to this, and \
cameto think of himselfand the comet as"un- |
accountablefreaks" which, havingcome in to- I
gether, must go out together. He was right: I
when he oied in AprilLglO, Halley'scomet was t
again in the sky.

As,I-l 4
UCCELLO, Paolo (1397-1475), Italian
painterand craftsmanwho workedin Florence
underthe patronageof the Medicis. His paintingsshow his preoccupationuith perspectiue
and foreshortening.
I Uccello'sfascinationwith perspective
kept
him up all night drawingelaborarepolygons
'lfhen
and other figures.
his wife tried to ger
him to cometo bed, he responded,"'Sfhit a
delightfulthing this perspective
is!"
Ar' 48
ULBRICHT,
Walther (1893-1973), East
German statesman.
I Extolling the glories of the East German
State,Ulbricht declared:"The millennium is on
the horizon."
"That was a wonderful speech," anaide said
to him afterward. "But is the millennium truly
on the horizon?"
"Of courser" said Ulbricht. "Don't you
know the diction ary defines 'horizon' as 'an
lmaginary line which recedesas you approach
it'?"

A" -.5
UNITAS,John (1933- ), USfootballplayer;
quarterbackand passingstar in the National
FootballLeague(1956- 63).
I The National Football League
-the championship game of 1956, in which
Baltimore
colts defeated the New York Giants at New
York's Yankee Stadium 23-'1.7,was the first
overtime game in leaguehistory. The colts had
entered the game favored by 3| poinrs: meani_ngthat they had to win by more ihan 3| points
for bettors to win their bets. The reams were
tied 17-17 at the end of regulation rime. In
overtime unitas led the colts within range of a

three-point field goal, which would have won

the game. Instead of going for the easierfield
goal, he went for a six-point touchdown. He
completeda risky cross-fieldpass,rhen handed
the ball to Alan Ameche,who ran acrossfor the
winning touchdown. Later Unitas was asked if
the passmight not have been intercepted and
run back for a winning touchdown the other
way. "When you know what you're doing,
they're not interceptedr" he said. The questioner then asked why he had nor called for a
field goal. "l went for the touchdownr" said
Unitas with a grin, "because I had bet a few
thousand on the game and I had given 3t
points."
Ar, ".6
UNTERMEYER,
Louis (1885-1977), US
poet and writer. Besidesproducing many uolumes of poetry and critical writings, he edited a
number of poetry anthologies.
I Untermeyer once returned his speaker'sfee
to a small and impoverished group, enjoining
them to put the money to good use. A little
while later, happeningto inquire what good use
they had found for the money, he was told that
they had put it into "a fund ro ger better
speakersnext year."
{This ancedote is told of others.}
2 At a New Year's Eve costume party Louis
Untermeyer entered fully into the spirit of the
thing, donning a funny paper hat and making
an uproarious racket upon a horn. A student
walked up, looked closelyat him, then turned
on her heel, snorting contemptuously, "And
he's Required Reading!"
Ar, 48
UNZELMANN,
Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand
(1753-1832), German actor and singer.

s58

UNZELMANN

I WhenUnzelmannwasplayingat the Berlin

theater,the other actorsfound his ad libs so
told him to
distractingthat the management
$top.The following night, as he madehis entranceon horseback,the horsecommittedan
indiscretion.Laughterspreadthroughthe audience."Don't you rememberr"said Unzelmannsternlyto his steed,"that we areforbidden to improvise?"
A.' {8
USTINOV, Peter(I92I- ), Britishactor,director, playwright, and raconteur.His many
includeQuo Vadis (1951),
fil* appearances
Spartacus(1950), and Death on the Nile
(1975).Amonghis pkys areRomanoffandJuand The Love of
liet (1955),filmed in 1961",
Four Colonels(1951.).
1 As a fathertakinghisverywell-brought-up
youngdaughterto the operafor the first time,

Ustinov was unwise enough to choose the

Baths of Caracalla in Rome. The opera was
Aida: during one particular scene the whole
stage seemed to be covered with animalscamels,elephants,horses,unwanted cats, and
so on. At a climactic point, almost all the animals relieved themselvessimultaneously.As he
stared aghast at this incredible sight, Ustinov
felt a light tapping on his shoulder, and his
daughter's earnest voice -66p4ddy, is it all
right if I laugh?"

2 Ustinovonce receivedan irate letter from

of his son'sschool.The boy
the headmaster
persistentlyplayedthe fool in lessons,making
laugh,and it was felt that Ushis classmates
tinov should use his influenceto control the
that
child. Ustinovremindedthe headmaster
the only reasonhe was able to afford the
school'shigh fees was that he was paid for
doingpreciselythe samething.

As,V qB
poliVAN BUREN, Martin (1782-L862),US
tician,8th presidentof tbeUnitedStates(183741).Thoughcarefullygroomedby his predecessor,Andrew]ackson,VanBurenwasbedeuiled
by problemsarising from Jackson'seconomic
policies.He w*s glad to retire to his fo*, when
defeatedin the 1,840election.
I Van Burenwasso obnoxiousto the southern statesthat he receivedonly nine popular
votestherein his 1848campaign,all from Virginia. His supportersraiseda cry of fraud.
"Yes,fraudr" saida Virginian,"and we arestill
lookingfor the son-of-a-bitch
who vorednine
times.tt

4., {6
VANDERBILT, Alice(c.1845-c.1930)
,wife
of CorneliusVanderbiltII, the financier.
I While havingluncheonone d^y at the old
Ambassador
Hotel with her sonReggieandhis
new secondwife, Gloria,Alice VanderbiltenquiredwhetherGloriahad receivedher pearls.
\7hen Reggieansweredthat he had nor yer
boughtany becausethe only pearlsworthy of
his bridewerefar beyondhisprice,his mother
calmly ordered that a pair of scissorsbe
broughtto her.When the scissors
arrived,she
proceededto cut off about one-thirdof her
own pearls,worth some$701000,
and handed
them to her daughter-in-law.
"There you are,
Gloria," shesaid."All Vanderbiltwomenhave
peads."
A'' 48
VANDERB ILT, Cornelius(1794-1877),US
businessmnn.His nicknattt,"Commodore,"
deliuedfrom his ownershipof a fleet of cargo
schooners.
He thenturrtedto steamboAts,
competing in the Hudson Riuer trade.After an aduenturousdecadeestablishinga New York-to-

California line uia Nicaragua,in the 1850she

an interestin railroadcompaniesand
deueloPed
by the time of his death had createda maior
AmericAntransportationsystem.
I After a prolonged absencefrom his office
the commodore returned to find that Charles
Morgan and C. K. Garrison, his associatesin
the AccessoryTransit Company, had taken advantageof the power of attorney he had vested
in them and had done considerabledamageto
his interests. Recovering from his initial rage,
Vanderbilt dictated the following letter to
them: "Gentlemen: You have undertaken to
cheat me. I won't sue you, for the law is too
slow. I'll ruin you."
{He did not quite succeed in ruining
Morgan and Garrison, but he thwarted
and humiliated them and regained control of his company.)
2 One of Vanderbilt's sons-in-law, needing
$50,000 to set up a business,approachedthe
commodore for the loan. The old man inquired
how much he expected to make from the investment. "About five thousand a yearr" was
the reply. "l can do better than that with fifty
thousand dollars," said Vanderbilt. "Tell you
what I'll do. I'll pay you five thousand a year
hereafter,and you may consider yourself in my
employ at that salary."

rl
t
i

t
I.
'It l

,I

3 CorneliusVanderbiltwasan admirerof the !

famousand unconventional\ilToodhullsisrers,I
one of whoseinterestswasspiritualism.In his 1
seventieshe expressed
a wish ro ger financial 1
advicefrom hisdeadfriend,JimFiske.Victoria f
Woodhull offeredto contac his spirit. In t!t.
I

ensuing s6anceshe managedto materialize the

spirit of Vanderbilt's dead wife, Sophia. The
old man was not interested."Businessbefore
pleasurer" he declared."Let me speakto Jim."

550

VANDERBILT, WILLIAM

VANDERBILT, William Henry (1,821-85),

US railroad magnate, son of "Commodore"
Cornelius V anderbilt.
1 William asked if he could buy the manure
from his father's horse-carstablesto enrich his
land at New Dorp on StatenIsland. The elder
Vanderbilt agreed,and the price was settledat
four dollars per load -a generous figure. A
few weeks later, the commodore was surprised
to learn from his son that only one load had
beenferried acrossto the island;he had seenat
leasttwenty wagonloadsput on the scow. The
younger Vanderbilt replied, "No, Father, I
never let them put more than one load on at a
time - one scow load, I mean." Cornelius was
quick to realtze that his son's talent could be
put to better use and persuadedhim to enter
the world of finance.

Vanderbilt,
2 A reportercornered\UTilliam
headof the New York CentralRailroad,declaringthat the publichad a right to know his
mind on a particularissue.Vanderbiltpushed
"The public be damned.I
pasthim snappitrB,
my
for
stockholders."
am working
3 After William Vanderbilt'sdeathhis forShortly
tune was estimatedat $200,000,000.
beforehe died he saidof this wealth,"l have
had no realgratificationor enioymentof any
sort morethanmy neighboron the next block
who is worth only half a million."
4., -8
US Poet
VAN DOREN, Mark (1894-1972),
and literarycritic. He wasprofessolof English
at ColumbiaUniuersity(1942-59).
I A bore once blunderedin uninvitedto a
literarygatheringhostedby Mark Van Doren,
and immediatelyspreada pall of dullnessover
the wholeparty.After his departurethe interSomeone
thetopicof discussion.
loperbecame
o6servedthat it must be heartbreakingfor
to
like thatto seethefaceof everyone
someone
whom he spokefreezewith distasteand boredom. "You forget that a personlike that has
neverencounteredany other kind of expressionr"saidVan Doren.
\

2 A group of young men askedVan Doren

what ihey-should do with their lives. The

professorwasquiteclearin hisanswer."'What-[
everyou want," he told them,"just so longasI
you don't miss the main thing!" \7hen the I
youngmenaskedwhat that was,hesaidsimply,I
"Your own lives."
t
As' "tE
VARAH, Chad(19II- ), BritishclergymAn.
a telephone
In 1953hefoundedtheSamaritans,
seruicefor the suicidaland despairing.The organization, which started with a single telephone,now hasbranches
throughouttheBritish
Islesand the UnitedStates.
1 When Chad Varah decidedto start his telephone senricefor the despairing,he wanted to
find a simple, easilyrememberednumber that
had something of an emergencyfeel about it.
His center, in the crypt of the church of St.
Stephen\Talbrook, was in the Mansion House
telephone are of London, so its telephone
number would have the prefix MAN. Varah
decided on MAN 9000. His next step was to
find out from the Post Office whether the
number was availablefor his use. Standingin
the crypt, he noticed for the first time that
there was a dusty old telephonein a corner' To
his surprise,he found it was still working. He
rang the Post Office telephone sales department and made his request. The Post Office
clerk askedhim from what number he was calling. Rubbing the center of the dial with his
handkerchief,Varah wasastoundedto readthe
number- MAN 9000.
Ar, -8
VATEL (?1522-71), French chef.
I Louis XIV was to be the guestof honor at a
dinner at Chantilly prepared by Vatel. The
chef, having ordered a large quantity of fish
from the nearestports, rose earlyto inspectthe
quality of the fish as it was delivered.He found
to his horror that only two hampershad been
brought, not nearly enoughfor the royal p?ryy.
"Is that all there is?" he asked."Ysr" said the
fishmonger,meaning that no more would be
coming Trom his particular fishing fleet. Vatel
misunderstood; he thought that there would
be no more fish coming at all. "l cannot endure
this disgrace,"he cried. Going to his room, he
fixed hii sword into the door and ran upon the
point.

55r

VESEY

VEGA CARPIO, LopeFlixde(1562-1535),

Spanishplaywright and poet. He wrote some
eighteenhundredplays,of which fewer than a
third are extAnt.

j/

I On his deathbedin 1635,Vegaaskedhow

muchtime he had left. Assuredthat his death
wasat hand,he murmured,"All right, then,I'll
sayit: Dantemakesme sick."
Ar, '.8

VERDI, Giuseppe(1813-190I),Italian operatic composer.He wrotea numberof theworks

most frequentlyperformedin the grand opera
repertoire,includingRigoletto (185 1), La T raviata (1853),Il Trovatore (1853),and Aida
(1871).His gloriousRequiem(1574)wAscomposedfor AlessandroManzoni.
I ThoughpatrioticItalianscheeredVerdi at
every performance,the enthusiasmwas not
solelyascribableto their devotion to grand
opera.By a fortunatechancethe composer's
surnamewas the acronymof a phrasedearto
all Italian nationalistsafter 1,851:"Vimorio
Emmanuele,
Re d'ltalia."
2 OnesummerVerdi renteda largecottagein
a fashionable
Italianresort.A visitorwassomewhat surprisedto find the composerapparently occupyingonly one room, which served
as bedroom,sitting room, and study. "Why
don't you usethe restof the house?"heasked.
Verditook him into theotherrooms;everyone
of them waspackedto the ceilingwith barrelorgans- ninety-fivein all. "They were all
churningout operasof mine,"Verdiexplained,
"Rigoletto- Il Trouatore- and all the others.
It wasclearlyimpossible
for me ro work under
such conditions,so I havehired the organs
from their owners.It will cosrmeaboutfifteen
hundredlirefor thesummer,bur thatis not roo
largea price to pay for peace."
Ar, .c6
VERLAINE, Paul (1844-96),Frenchpoet,a
precursorof the Symbolistmouement.Hauing
shot the young poet Arthur Rimbaud in th-e
wrist afteran argument,Verlaine
wAssentenced
(1873)to two years'imprisonment.While in
prisonhewrofeRomances
sansparoles (1874);
his later works includedthe critical study Les
PoEtesmaudits(1884).

I Poet and painter F. A. Cazals,a friend of

Verlain e, arrangedto meet the poet at a cafe,
but was unavoidably late. When he finally did
arrive, he was a trifle neryous, for Verlaine
drunk was unpredictable.A mutual friend met
Cazalsat the door and warned him that Verlaine, hopelessly drunk, was "furious with
you." Cazals entered to find Verlaine surrounded by his acolytes,but a little lessdrunk
than he had been described.Cazalstook courage:"l hear that you were abusingme just a few j
i
minutes ago."
"'Who told you that?" cried the furious
Verlaine.
"Somebody you don't know," replied .
Cazalsprudently.
i
"Somebody I don't know!" exclaimedVerlaine. He beganto weave his way through the
crowded cafe. "l'm going outside, and the first r
passerbyI don't know,l'il - I'll - lll smash ;
'
his iaw!"
A'' 48
VERRALL, Arthur Wooll gar (1851,-1,91,2),
British classical scholar, who taught at Cambridge for thirty-fiue years.

I A pupil of Verrall'stold him that mutual\

friendsof theirshadmovedto 58 oakleystreetI
andremarkedthat hewas afraidthat58 would I
be a difficult numberto remember."Not at \
all," Verrallcontradicted
him. "The Septuagint
t
minusthe Apostles."
Ar, ,.8
-91), British society
VESEY, Elizabeth (?1,715
hostess.
1 In the late 1740s, Mrs. Vesey invited the
naturalist Benjamin Stillingfleetto her salon at
Bath. Shecountered his protesr that he had no
clothes suitable for such a fashionablegarhering by assuringhim he need nor mind about
dress.His arrival at the salon in blue worsted
stockings caused some comment among the
society leaders.Stillingfleetsoon became a habitu6, however, and so the salon gained the
nickname of the "Blue Stocking Society."
{The term "bluestocking," first applied
to the female members of Mrs. Vesey's
salon, is still in use today.)
Ar, {6

s62

VESPASIAN

VESPASIAN [Titus FlaviusSabinusVespasianusl(ep 9-79), Romanemperor(70-79).

humbleorirosefrom comparatiuely
Vespasian
ginsthroughhis military prowess;his successes
so enhancedhis reputationthat he was proclaimedemperorto resoluethe confusedsituation that aroseat Nero'sdeath.As emperorhe
, worked hard to improuethe conditionof the
Romanpeople.
L Vespasian'savarice was one of the few
faults held againsthim. On one occasiona favorite servantof Vespasian'sasked for a stewardship for a man he claimed was his brother.
Vespasiantold him to wait and askedthe candidate for the stewardshipto come to him for a
private interview. "How much commission
would you havepaid my servant?"he inquired.
The applicantmentioned a sum. "You may pay
that directly to me," said the emperor and
granted him the desiredpost. Later the senrant
alluded to the matter, and Vespasiantold him,
"You'd better go and find yourself another
brother. The one you mistook for yours turned
out to be mine."
2 Vespasian imposed taxes on many commodities to restore the Roman state to solvency; he even taxed Rome's public urinals.
When Vespasian'sson Titus obiected to this
tax as beneaththe dignity of the state' Vespasiantook a handful of coins obtained from this
sourceand held them to his son'snose'saying,
"See,my boy, if they smell."
{kt France a public urinal is still sometimes known as a uespasienne.)

&s' qt
Duke
VICTOR AMADEUS II (1'666-1732),
kingof Sicily
of Sauoy(1575- 1732). He became
in 1713,but wasforcedto giueup his crownin
1720 in exchange
for that of Sardinia.He ruled
Sardiniauntil his abdicationin 1730.
q

" ,i"1
In the eighteenthcenturythe little kingdom
:;
' -"
Of Sardiniasufferedseverelyunder the burden
of taxation imposed by its ambitious rulers.
,..
r : Once Victor Amadeuson a journey stoppedto
ju
ask a laboring peasant how he was faring.
"'Well, master,about aswell as things can go in
a holy land like ours."
"Holy land?"
"Yes, surelywe must be a holy land because

here the Passionof the Savior repeatsitself except in reverse."

"l don't understand."
"What's to understand?In those days
died for us all. Here all of us die for one.
&s' '-'8
VICTORIA (1819-1901,),queenof the United
Kingdom (1837-1901). She came to the throne
on the death of her uncle, William IV , and during her long reign built up the prestige of the
British Crown. The ratlter stuffy rectitudeof her
personallife and her deuotion to duty exemplifitd nineteenth-century Britain. She married
(1840) her cousin, Prince Albert of SaxeCoburg-Gotha (1819-61,),by whom she had
nine children. Her inuoluement with policymaking sometimesouerrodethe proper bounds
of a constitutional monarchy, resulting in an
uneasyrelationship with her ministers, particularly rt illiam Gladstone.
I Victoria was eleven years old when she
learned that she stood next in line to the
throne. Her governessshowed her a list of the
kings and queens of England with her own
name added after those of GeorgeIV and \filliam IV. The child burst into tearsas the implications sank in. Then she controlled herself
and said solemnly,"l will be good."
2 As a young woman Victoria was a keen
theatergoer.At a performance of King LeAr,
however, the tragedy failed to engageher attention, and for most of the early part of the
play she chatted to the lord chamberlain,who
was in her box. At last she beganto pay more
affention to the stage.After a while the lord
chamberlain ventured to ask her what she
thought of the play. "A strange,horrible business,"shereplied,"but I supposegood enough
dty."
for Shakespeare's
3 Victoria's mother, the Duchessof Kent, totally dominated her daughter'supbringing and
clearlyhad ambitions to be the power behind
the throne once Victoria becamequeen. The
princessslept in her mother's room and was
never allowed to talk to anyone except in the
presence
of her Germangovernessor the duch-ess.
The very d"y that \Tilliam IV died and
Victoria ascendedthe throne' the Duchessof
Kent cameto Victoria afterthe statedignitaries

563
had departed and inquired if there was anything she could do for her. "I wish to be left
alone," replied Victoria, and the sameday she
gave orders for her bed to be moved from the
duchess'sroom.
4 Stafford House, the London house of the
Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, was the
center of high society in the early years of
Queep Victoria's reign. The duchess was a
closefriend of the queen.The magnificenceof
Stafford House led Victoria to remark to her
libstesson one of her frequent visits, "I have
come from my house to your palace."
5 Before she made the announcementto her
councillors of her decisionto marry Prince Albert, Queen Victoria was seento be trembling.
Someoneasked her if she was newous. "Yes,
but I havejust done afar more neffous thing,"
replied the queen. "l proposed to Prince
Albert."
6 \WhenVictoria was about to marry Prince
Albert, shewished to havethe title "King Consort" bestowedupon him by act of Parliament.
Lord Melbourne, knowing the depth of opposition to such a move on behalf of an unknown
German princeling, strongly advisedagainstit.
"For God's sake,ma'am,let's haveno more of
that. If you get the Englishpeople into the way
of making kings,you'll get them into the way of
unmaking them."
I

I
il

i
I\

7 Victoria and Albert had a quarrel shortly

after their marriage. Albert stalked out of the
room and locked himself in his private apartments. Victoria hammered furiously upon the
door. "'Who's there?" called Albert. "The
queen of England, and she demandsto be admitted." There was no responseand the door
remained locked. Victoria hammered at the
door again."Who's there?" The reply was still
"The queen of Englandr" and still the door
remained shut. More fruitless and furious
knocking was followed by a pause.Then there
was a gentle tap. "'Who's there?" The queen
replied, "Your wife, Albert." The prince at
once opened the door.
8 After the birth of her ninth child Queen
Victoria was advisedby her chief physician,Sir
JamesClark, to have no more children. "Oh,

VICTORIA

SirJamsr"shereplied,"can I haveno more fun

in bed?"
{This question was probably euphemistic, in that the queen was trying to find
out as delicatelyas possibleexactly what
her chief physician implied. A more exaspect of
pected attitude to the sex_u_al
marriageappearsin one of Victoria's letters concerning the marriage of one of
her daughters: she remarks that it is
doubtful whether a refined young lady
could go through the wedding ceremony
if she were fully aware of the physical
horrors on the other side of it.)
9 In the earlyyearsof their marri t1e,Victoria
and Albert visited Florence several times,
greatly impressed by the city's architectural
treasures.Of these,the Brunelleschidome surmounting the cathedralwas their personal favorite. Victoria returned to Florence some
years afterAlbert's death to find that the dome
had been magnificentlyrestored. She ordered
the carriage to stop in the piazza outside the
cathedraland rolled down the window. Opening up the locket that hung around her neck,
she turned the miniature of her beloved husband to face the building, so that he could
share with her the splendor of the newly restored dome. Then, after a few moments' silent
contemplation,sheclosedthe locket and drove
away.
10 It was well known that the queen disapproved of tobacco and had bannedsmoking in
the royal residences. Her sons, however,
smoked a great deal, and, according to a popular story, had appropriateda room in Windsor
to use as a smoking room. Panic ensuedwhen
they learned that their mother intended to
make an inspectionof everyroom in the castle,
until the Princeof \U7ales
thought up a solution.
The letters \ilfc were without delayput up over
the door.
l1 The queenand her daughter,the Empress
Frederick of Prussia,who had distinctly different literary tastes, were arguing about the
merits of the popular romantic novelist Marie
Corelli. The queen claimed that Marie Corelli
would rank as one of the greatestwriters of the
time; the EmpressFrederick thought her writings were trash. The empress summoned a

564

VICTORIA

gentleman-in-waiting, who had not heard rhe

beginning of the discussion, and asked his
opinion of Marie Corelli. He replied that he
thought the secret of her popularity was that
her writings appealedto the semieducated.The
subject was dropped very quickly.
12 On a crossingto Ireland the ship in which
Queen Victoria was traveling encountered
rough weather. A gigantic wave causedsuch a
violent lurch that the queen was almost
knocked off her feet. Recoveringher balance
she said to an attendant, "Go up to the bridge,
give the admiral my compliments,and tell him
he's not to let that happen again."

',
13 "ln order to hearhow HMS Eurydice,a
i frigate sunk off Portsmouth,had been salvaged,QueenVictoria invited Admiral Foley to
lunch. Having exhaustedthis melancholy subject, Queen Victoria inquired after her close
friend, the Admiral's sister. Hard of hearing,
Admiral Foley replied in his stentorian voice,
'\il7ell, Ma'am,
I am going to have her turned
over, take a good look at her bottom and have
it well scraped.'The Queenput down her knife
and fork, hid her facein her handkerchief,and
laughed until the tears ran down her cheeks."
d\'t .
r
l{^\h b
tii

,riv I
v < ' '*1l

rai r{

14 On visitsto the London home of Baroness

Burdett-Coutts, Victoria could often be found
sitting beside the window on the top floor.
From there she would watch, with a childlike
fascination,the traffic streampassbelow her in
'Piccadilly.
Sheonce explainedto the baroness:
"Yours is the only place where I can go to see
the traffic without stopping it."
15 During a visit by some of her grandchildren, the queen heard them roaring with laughter and proceeded to investigate.It appeared
that one of them had made a joke of a somewhat "advanced" nature, and they were reluctant to repeatit. Eventually the queenprevailed
upon one of the boys to comply with her royal
command, and, hearing the ioke, realizedthat
it was not to her taste.Shedrew herselfup and,
with the dignified rebuke, "'We are not
amused!" left the room.
(There are anumber of storiesrelatingto
QueenVictoria's useof this phrase;this is
a plausible one. What all the anecdotes
have in common is that they relate to a
ioke, story, or piece of buffoonery that

was out of place in its context as being

disrespecdulor too risqu6 for the company, especially if young unmarried
women were present. The queen apparently did not object to occasionalrisqu
storiesif told in the proper company,but
"'We are not amused" may well havebeen
her stock expressionto cut off any train
of conversationthat sheconsideredinappropriate.)
16 Victoria once received a letter from a
prodigal grandson,askingfor an advanceon his
allowance.Rather than sendthe motry,Victoria replied with a long letter extolling the value
of thrift, diligence,and initiative. The boy took
the queen'sadviceto heart- he sold the letter
for twenty-five pounds.

17 On the anniversary
of QueenVictoria's
death,her childrenwould visitthe mausoleum
at Frogmore.One yearrastheykneltpiouslyin
prayer,a doveenteredthe mausoleum
andflew
about. "lt is dear Mama'sspiritr" they murmured."No, I am sureit's notr" contradicted
PrincessLouise. "It must be dear Mama's
"No, it isn'tr" saidPrinspiritr"theypersisted.
cessLouise."Dear Mama'sspiritwould never
haveruinedBeatrice's
hat."
original
for this story was
source
{The
PrinceHenry, later the Duke of Gloucester.)
Ac' 48
VIDAL, Gore(1925- ), USwriter,authorof
Burr, Lincoln, and other nouelsand works of
nonfiction.
I

I The English novelist Anthony Powell, tt- I

tending an international writers' conferencein I;
Sofia,Bulgaria,found himself alongsideVidal, tI
t
inspectingsome pictures taken of the session. I
Severalof theseshowed Vidal besidean Indian
delegate."I always sit next to a man in a turban," explainedVidal. "You get photographed
t

more.tt

4., 4S
MexicanreuoVILLA, Pancho(?1877-1923),
lutionary.
i tt As PanchoVilla lay dying,his last wordsI I
\ \were,"Don't let it endlike this.Tell themI saidi I
\ !o-.thing."

VOLTAIRE

555
VILLIERS de L'Isle-Adam,Auguste,Comte
de (1838-89),Frenchwriter of the Symbolist
school.His works includePremiiresPoesies
(1855-58),tbe nouellsis (1552),shortstories,
and plays.
| "Villiers de L'Isle-Adam,who wasleavingl
thefollowingd"y for Londonto bemarried,anf
which wasneverrealized,camlrof
expec-tation
r.. Mdlarm6and . . askedto betaughtEn1
'\(/illingly,' replied Mallar-e{
glish at once.
'but I cannotbeginthe lessonsfor two days.'l
'Oh,' repliedVilliers,'we cansimplifymatters.l
As it is a questionof a comingmarriage,youl
might teachme only the future tensesof theI
tt
verbs.t

As' e8
VIRCHOW, Rudolf (L821-L902),German
pathologistand politiciAn.A reformerin politics,hewastbeoutspokenopponentof Otto uon
Bismarck.He playeda largepart in modernizing Berlin,and as directorof Berlin'sPathoIogiial Institute led or inspiredmuch original
research.
1 Bismarck, enraged at Virchow's .otttt"ttt]
criticisffis,had his secondscall upon the scien-|
tist to challengehim to a duel. "As the chal-|
lenged party, I have the choice of weaponsr"I
said Virchow, "and I choose these." He heldf
aloft two large and apparently identical sau-l
sages."One of theser" he went otr, "is infectedl
with deadlygerms;the other is perfectly sound.l
Let His Excellencydecidewhich one he wishesl
to eat, and I will eat the other." Almost imme-f
diately the messagecame back that the chan{
cellor had decided to laugh off the duel.
I
2 The French ethnologist Armand de
Quatrefageswas incensedby the damagedone
to Paris's natural history museum by German
shellsduring the Franco-PrussianWar of 1870.
He declaredthat the Prussianswere by racenot
Nordic or Teutonic but descendantsof the
barbarianhordes of Huns who ravishedeastern
Europe during the Middle Ages.Virchow was
outragedby this racial slur. As a member of the
Prussian Parliament, he introduced a bill by
which the physical characteristics of every
schoolchild in Prussia- six million in number
- could be examinedand assessed.
The suryey
was carried out, head measurements,bones,
hair, and teeth were all analyzedrand Virchow

proved scientificallythat the Prussianswere in

origin Franks- cousins,in fact, of the French
themselves.But the epithet, "Hun" was applied derogatorily to the Germans thereafter,
especially by Germany's enemies in the two
world wars.
3 Appendectomy first became widely andl
safelypracticed in the late nineteenth century.f
SomeoneaskedVirchow whether it was indee{
true that human beingscan suryivewithout th{
appendix. "Human beings, yes," replied Vir{
I
chow, "but not surgeons."
A$, qB

Arouet](1694VOLTAIRE [Franeois-Marie
writer,and wit. His '
1778),Frenchphilosopber,
inquiringmindandskepticalui ews,particutarlyl
on mattersof religion,epitomizetheFrenchE"- I
lightenment.Frequentlyin troublewith the authorities, he was briefly imprisonedand enexilein England(1725-29).
dureda three-year
For many yearshe liued with the philosopher
Mme du Chdtelet,authorof a commentaryon
Newton. After her deathhe mouedfor a short
time (1750-53)to the court of Frederickthe
Greatand thereaftermadehis homemainly in
Switzerland. His huge output included wellreceiueduersedramas,histories,philosophical
treatises,criticism, and the prose romance
Candide(1759),satirizingthe philosophyof
Leibniz.
1 In 1717 Voltaire, in consequenceof a satire
directed againstthe regent,_fhi[gpe d'Orl6ans,
was imprisoned in the Bastille for eleven
months. Liberated, Voltai re, ahighly adaptable
man, thanked the regent for the gracious pardon. The latter, awareof Voltaire's power, was
equally anxious to effect a reconciliation and
made all the appropriate apologies.Voltaire replied: "Your Highness, I am most grateful for
your generositywith respectto my board but in
the future you need not worry yourself about
my lodging."
2 Voltaire and a selectgroup of friends were
running through Voltaire's latest play before its
production. During the reading of a lengthy
speech,Montesquieu fell asleep."'Wake him
upr" said Voltaire. "He seemsto imagine that
he's in the audience."
3 In 1725 Voltaire became involved in a
stupid quarrel with the Chevalier de Rohan-

s66

VOLTAIRE

Chabot, a short-temperedaristocrat, possibly

over Voltaire's mistress, the famous actress
Adrienne Lecouvreur. There was an exchange
of insults at the Opra, in which the chevalibr
cameout badly and left the theater threatening
revenge.A few days later Volraire was dining
with a patron when he was told that someone
wished to speakto him. In the srreeta number
of ruffians hired by the chevalier fell on him
and beat him up. The chevalier,who watched
the whole episode from his own coach, cried
out, "Be careful not to hit him on the head.
Somethingmight come out of that one d^y."
4 Voltaire was in exile in London ar a rime
when popular feelings ran high against the
French. One d^y on the street he was surrounded by an angry mob shouting, "Hang
him. Hang the Frenchman!" Turning to face
the mob, Voltaire said, "Men of England!You
wish to kill me becauseI am a Frenchman.Am I
not punished enough in not being born an Englishman?"This hctful speechso pleasedthe
crowd that they cheered and escorted him
safely back to his lodgings.
5 Rousseausenta copy of his "Ode to Posterity" hot off the press to Voltaire for his opinion. Voltaire read it through and commented,
"I do not think this poem will reach its
destination."
6 A notoriously dissolutegroup of Parisians
invited Voltaire to participate in an orgy. He
accepted,giving such a satisfactoryaccount of
himself that the very next night he was askedro
come again."Ah, oo, my friendsr" saidVoltaire
with a slight smile. "Once: a philosopher;
twice: a peryert!"
7 Though it enjoyed an unprecedentedsuccess,Voltaire's Oedipe drew the criticism of
the aged Fontenelle,who told the author that
he consideredsome of the verses"too strong
and full of fire."
"To correct myself I shall read your Pastorales," Voltaire replied.
8 After a long absence a royal favorite returned to the court of Frederick the Great.
Many rumors circulated as to the reason for
her absence.Shecomplained to Voltaire, "The
things they say about me are incredible! They
evensayI retired to the country in order to give

birth to twins!" Voltaire replied,"Don't let i

that disturbyou. I believeonly half of wha, t/
hearat the court."
9 At the funeral of a certain nobleman, Vol- |
taire declared, "He was a great patriot, a hu- |
manitarian, a loyal friend - provided, ofl
course,that he really is dead."
I
10 In 1759 Casanova, the author of the
famou s Mhmoires, set out from Parison a twoyear journey around Europ, in the course of
which he visited Voltaire in Switzerland.Voltaire had beenreadingsomeof the works of the
Swissphysiologist and polymath Albrecht von
Haller. He praised them to his guest. "That
praise is ill returnedr" said Casanova,"for he
has been sayingthat your work is nonsense."
Voltaire smiled. "Perhaps we are both mistakenr" he said.
ll

Voltaire drank prodigious guantities of

coffeethroughouthislife. S-ome
bfr6 warned
him that he shouldgive up the beveragebecauseit wasa slowpoison."I think it mustbe
slow," the elderlyphilosopherreplied,"for I
havebeendrinking it for sixty-fiveyearsand I
am not deadyet."
{This rejoinderis alsoattributedto Bernard Fontenelle,who died lessthan a
month before reachinghis hundredth
birthday.)
12 Visitorsto Voltaire'smodelvillageat FerneynearGenevaremarkedon the churchthat
the old skeptichadbuilt therefor thevillagers.
Over the door was the dedication:"DEO
EREXIT VOLTAIRE." Voltaireliked to observethat it wasthe only churchin Europethat
waserectedto God.
13 At Fertrey,Voltaire once had as guestsa ,
certain Huber and also the noted mathematician Jean d'Alembert. It was proposed that
each ad-lib a story involving thieves. Huber's
invention was received with acclamation, as "--")
was d'Alembert's. It was now Voltaire's turn.
f
"Gentlemenr" he said, "there was once a tax ' '
collector . ! good Lord, I've forgotten the
rest of the story,"
'(
14 In the last year of his life the famous inva'I
I lid, domiciled at the Marquis de Villette's manI sion, was visited by hordes of admirers, anx,l

VUKOVICH

567
, l

, f ious to pay their last respects.Among them

| {were two mediocredramatists,Antoine Le[mierre and Dormont de Belloy. Voltaire rei \markedto them,"Gentlemen,asI takefarewell
bf life, I am consoledby the knowledgethat I
lleavebehindmeLemierreanddeBelloy."After
/ Voltaire'sdeathLemierrewasfond of recalling
I thesewords,neverfailingto add,"And poor de
I neiloy neversuspectedthat Voltaire wasmakI ittg fun of him."

I The noted mathematician

John von Neu- \
mannwasan incurablepracticalioker. During
I
\forld \ilVarII, whenhe constructedhisfamous
electronicbrainfor the government'he identified it on deliveryasa MathematicalAnalyser, !
NumericalIntegrater,and Computer.
Scientistsworked with it for severaldays
before they realizedthat the first letters of
the name its inventor had given it spelled
MANIAC.
I

I
I
!

Voltairelayon hisdeathbeda priest

15 \U7hen
arrivedto shrivehim. The philosopherasked:
"\7ho sentyou here,MonsieurI'Abbe?"
"God himself,MonsieurVoltaire."
"Ah, my dearsir,andwhereareyour credentials?"
Ar, 48
US
VON NEUMANN, John (1903-1'957),
mathematician.

4., 4t
VUKOVICH, Bill (L918-55), US racing
driuer. He won the lndianapolis 500 in L953
and 1954,and was in theleadin the 1955rAce
when he crashedto his death.
I Asked the secretof his Indianapolissuccess,Vukovich said,"There'sno secret.You
iust pressthe acceleratorto the floor and steer
left."

es, \(/ q8
WADDELL, Rube (1876-1,914),US baseball
player, pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics.
J

| (Many tall storieshave been told about the

inimitable Rube \Uaddell, not all of them true.
The following incident, however, really did
happen to Rube while playing for the Athletics.)
"He wielded a pretty hefty bat for apitcher,
and was allowed to swing for himself one day in
the eighth inning with the score2-l againstthe
Athletics, two out, and tying run on second.
The catcher of the opposingnine saw a chance
to pick off the runner at secondand heavedthe
ball in that generaldirection. It endedin center
field, and the runner hot-footed for the plate.
He'd have made it, too, with plenty to spare,
but as the throw came into the plate, \faddell,
to the amazement of everybody in the park,
swung at the ball, bashed it out over the right
field fence, and was promptly declared out for
'Why did you do it?'wailed Maninterference.
'They'd been feeding me
agerConnie Mack.
curves all afternoor,' explained the Rube
'and
this was the first straight ball
sheepishly,
I'd looked at!"'
Ary ".8

poliWALKER, JamesJohn(1S81-1945),US
tician, mayorof New York (1925-32).

,')
(
r

I Henry ("Light-Horse Harry") Lee's famous toast to GeorgeWashington,"To the

memory of the man,firstin war, firstin peace,
and first in the heartsof his countrymenr"was
repeatedat a Washington'sBirthdaycelebra-tory banquetby Jimmy \(alker. After a brief
pausethe mayorwent oD,"No one'severunto marryawidow."
derstoodhow hehappened
6r, ".8

WALLACH, Eli (1915- ), US actor. After

sixteen years on the stage he made his screen
debut inBaby Doll (1956). His subsequentfilms
include The Moonspinners (1964), The Tiger
Makes Out (1957),and The Sentinel(1977).
I At the 1964 opening on Broadway of the
immenselysuccessfulLuu, \fallach gazedcontentedly at the long line of people at the box
office and remarked to a fellow performer:
"There's something about a crowd like that
that brings a lump to my wallet."
A* e8
WALLER, Edmund (1606-87), British lyric
poet. In 1543, after a plot to seizeLondon for
Charles I failed,Waller barely escapedwith his
life and went into exile. He subsequentlymade
his peace with the opposing Cromwell and returned to England (1551) but at the Restoration
reuerted to the royalist side, enioying the fauor
of both Charles II and J ames II.
'Waller's
most successfulpoems
I One of
with a political theme is his panegyricon Oliver
Cromwell. His later laudatory verses on
CharlesII were generallyconsideredinferior in
poetic merit. The king having commented
upon this difference, \Taller replied, "Poets,
sire, succeedbetter in fiction than in truth."
4., 48
WALN, Nicholas (1742-1813), US lawyer
and a prominent member of the Quaker
community.
1 A Quaker meeting having detected some
fault in Walo, I deputation of elderswas sentto
remonstrate with him. They knocked and
knocked at his front door but without result.
At last an upstairs window was thrown open

IUTALTON

s69
headpokedout. "My Friendsr"he
and'Waln's
calleddown,"you neednot comein; the Master hasbeenherebeforeyou."
Ar, '.8
WALPOLE, Horace, 4th Earl of Orford
(1717-97),British writer. Walpole'shouseat
StrawberryHill, outsideLondon' was a trendsetterfor the Gothic architecturalreuiual.His
writings includememoirs,antiquarianstudies,
and the famous
a uastpriuatecorrespondence,
gothicnouelt
\TSSL
| \(/alpole had a stormy intenriewwith an
elderlyuncle concerninga proposedmarriage
in the family.Departingunplacated,he wrote
hisrelativea furiousletterending:"I offi,sir,for
the last time in my life, Your Humble Servant
Horace\falpole."
A.t '.8
WALPOLE, Sir Robert, lst Earl of Orford
He was im(1676-1745),British stAtesmnn.
(1712)
times
and
seueral
peached
corruption
for
Iostoffice,but uas twice FirstLord of theTreaasthe
is regarded
suryQ715-17,1721-42).He
first prime minister under the political system
that euoluedduringHanouerianrule.Walpole's
unpopular
foreign policy, culminatingin the
'War
ofJenkins'EaragainstSpain(1739),euentually broughtabout his foll.
him to drink
I Walpole'sfather encouraged
deep.For everytime he filled his own glasshe
filledhisson'stwice."Coffie,Robert,"saidthe
seniorWalpole,"you shalldrink twice while I
drink once,for I cannotpermit the son in his
to witnessthe intoxicationof his
sobersenses
father."
2 After his arduous years in office, \Talpole
looked forward to retirement in his splendid
mansion, Houghton Castle. Entering the library, he took down a book, perused it for a
few minutes, and then returned it to the shelf.
He took down another, but held that only half
as long before replacing it and taking a third.
This he immediately put back, and, bursting
into tears, exclaimed, "I have led a life of businessso long that I have lost my taste for readirg, and now-what shall I do?"
Ar, 48

New collegeinstructorsoften find hard\

challengesin coping with brashyoung
At ColumbiaUniversity
undergraduates.
'Weaver
the young ProfessorRaymond
gavehis first classin Englishliterature
their first quiz.The youngmen,who had
beentrying to makethingshard for the
new instructor,whistledwith ioy when
Weaverwrote:"'S7hichof the booksread
so far has interestedyou least?"They
weresilent,however,whenhe wrote the
second,andthe last,question:"To what
defectin yourselfdo you attributethis
lack of interest?"
-Jacob M. Braude,Speaker's
and
Handbook
ToastmAster's

GermanconWALTER, Bruno (1876-1962),

ductor. He directedthe Vienna Court Opera
(1901-12)and becamerenownedfor his interpretationsof GustauMahler.At the beginning
of WorldWar ll, hemouedtotheUnitedStates.
1 When Bruno Walter first conductedthe
New York Philharmonic,Alfred Wallenstein
was the first cellist.\Talter noticed that Wallenstein ostentatiouslyignored him during
both rehearsalsand concerts. Rather than
asked\Tallenmakea scenein public,\U7alter
stein to come and speak to him privately.
"What is your ambitiotr, Mr. \Tallenstein?"
\'il0alter
inquiredmildly."SomedayI'd like to be
a conductor,"repliedthe cellist."'Well,when
neverhave\Tallensteinin
you arerl hopeyou'S7alter.
front of your" said
Ar' 48
WALTON, Sir William [Turner](1902-83),
British composer.He first attractedpublic notice with Facade(1.922),a musicalseningof
poems by Edith Sitwell. I-ater works include
symphonies,concertos,incidental music fo,
LaurenceOliuier'sShakespearean
films, theoratorio Belshazzaf
s Feast(1937),and theopera
(1954).
Troilusand Cressida
for the first performance
1 At the rehearsals
of Fac.ade,the playerswere at first irritated,
then interested,and finally delightedby the
strangeand difficult new sounds that the

s70

\TALTON

young\falton, ascomposer-conductor,
asked
themto make.Duringoneof the pauses
in the
rehearsalthe clarinetistlooked up from his
scoreandasked,"Excuseme,Mr. Walton,has
a clarinetplayereverdoneyou an injury?"
2 Until the success
of his film scorefor LaurenceOlivier'sHenry V in L942Walton was
poor, and as he himselfadmittedin later life,
livedby scroungingoff the Sitwellfamily.Lady
Aberconway,a closefriend of the Sitwellsand
a well-knownLondon hostessof the 1930s,
recalledthat Walton was known to them by
the nickname"Lincrusta." It was the tradenamefor a particularkind of embossed
wallpaperthat was extremelydifficult to detach.
Ar'

tti

WARBURTON, William (1698-1779),

British clergymanand literary scholar;bisbop of
Gloucester(1759-79). Besidestheologicalpolemic, Warburton brought out an edition of
Shakespeare's
works(1747)that wasmuchcriticized.
I During a debatein the House of Lords
upon the Test Laws,underwhich thosewho
wishedto standfor public officewereobliged
to professthe Anglicanfaith, the witty and
profligateEarl of Sandwichcomplained,"I
haveheardfrequentuseof the words 'orthodory' and 'heterodor.y'but I confessmyselfat
a loss to know preciselywhat they mean."
BishopWarbufton enlightenedhim in a whispr,"Orthodo*y is my dor.y;heterodor.yis another man'sdoxy."
8ro '.8
WARD, Artemus [Charles Farrar Browne]
(1834- 67),US humorouswriter.
andlucrativelecturetour
I After a successful
of the easternstates,Ward headedwestin October 1853.The managerof the SanFrancisco
operahousesenthim a telegramaskingwhathe
would takefor forty nightsin California.\fard
wired back:"Brandyand water.A. Ward."
2 Artemus Ward spent Christmas Eve 1863
with Mark Twain and some other cronies at
Barnum's Restaurant in Virginia City. A great
deal of liquor was consumed, and toward the
end of the eveningWard proposed "a standing
toast." He made severalineffectual attempts to

get to hisfeet,while hiscompanions

remained
slumpedat the table. "'Well," he said,abandoninghis efforts,"considerit standing."
As' ''8
WARNER, Jack(I892-I978),USmouieproducer,co-founderof WarnerBrothers.Warners
pioneeredsoundmouiesin 1925,and in 1927
producedthe first fullJengh talkie, The Jazz
Singer.Someof the greatestHollywood stars
and screensuccesses
camefrom the Warners'
studio.
I The actor Pat O'Brien recallsthat Jack
Warner bought Sinclair Lewis's worldwide
best-seller
Main Streetand changedthe title to
I Marrieda Doctoronthegroundsthatnobody
"would want to seea pictureabouta street."
The moviedied.
2 In 1,946,when British Field MarshalBernard MontgomeryvisitedCalifornia,Mr. and
Mrs. SamuelGoldwyngavea dinnerfor him.
Goldwynbegan:"It givesme greatpleasureto
welcometo Hollywood a very distinguished
soldier.Ladiesandgentlemen,
I proposea toast
to MarshallField Montgomery."The silence
'Warner's
was broken by Jack
voice saying,
"MontgomeryWard,you mean."
{MarshallFieldis a Chicagodepartmenr
store;Montgomery\il7ardis a major US
mail-orderchain.)
3 Warner was in the habit of taking an afternoon nap in his office at'Warner Brothers,and
it was an unwritten rule of the studios that he
should not be disturbed. On one occasion,
however, Bette Davis burst into the office
while Warner was asleep and began ranring
about a script that did nor meer with her ap'Warner
proval. tVithout opening his eyes,
reachedfor the phone and called his secrerary.
"Come in and wake me upr" he said. "I'm having a nightmare." Miss Davis could not help
laughing, and the crisis over the script was resolved in a few minutes.
As' 48
WASHINGTON, George(1732-99),USgeneral and statesman,first president of the United
States(17 89-97). As a young mnn Washington
gained a bigh military reputation in the Seuen
YeArs'War (17 55-63).While a memberof Virginia's House of Burgesses(1759-74), he be-

WASHINGTON

571
cAmean implacableenemyof British rule,and
on the outbreakof war with Britain was appointed commanderin chief of the Americnn
forces.Ouercominglack of equipment,discipline, and euenfood, Washingtonweldedtogetherhis army throughyearsof indecisiueuictoriesand costlydefeatsuntil hewasable,with
Frenchaid, to force the surrenderof General
Cornwallisat Yorktown (1781).He presided
ouertheConstitutionalConuention(1787)and
was unanimouslyelectedpresidentof tlte new
Republicafter tbe Constitution had beenapproued.
I ParsonWeems'sLife of Washington(L800)
containsmany apocryphalstoriesabout his
than fachero and ranksmore ashagiography
tual biography.His best-known fabrication
(introduced
into the 1805edition)is the story
'Washington
andthe cherrytree.Acof George
cording to Weems,when he was about six,
GeorgeWashingtonwas givena hatchet.He
went aroundhis father'sfarm,testingit on all
mannerof things,includinga fineyoungcherry
sumthe damage,
tree.His father,discovering
monedthe boyandsaidsternly,"Do you know
who killedthisbeautifullittle cherrytree?"The
child was silentfor a momentbut then cried
out, "I cannottell a lie;you know I cannottella
lie.I cut it with my hatchet."His fatherat once
forgot his angerin his delight at the child's
truthfulness.
{This story hashad an enormouseffect
on the American people, having succeededin making GeorgeWashington
the sworn enemyof all smallchildren.)
2 After a skirmishin the courseof the Seven
Years''War,Washingtonwasrepoftedto have
said,"I heardthe bulletswhistle,and believe
charmingin thesound."
ffi,thereis something
When King GeorgeII of Englandheardof this
remark,h. said,"He would not sayso had he
beenusedto hearmany."
3 During the American Revolution an officer
in civilian clothes rode past a group of soldiers
busy repairing a small redoubt. Their commander was shouting instructions but making
no attempt to help them. Asked *hy, he retorted with great dignity, "Sir, I am a corporal!"
The strangerapolo gizedrdismounted,and proceededto help the exhaustedsoldiershimself.
W'hen the iob was completed he turned to the

corporal and said,"Mr. Corporal,next time \

you havea job like thisandnot enoughmento I
in chief,andI will I
do it, go to your commander
comeand help you again."Too late,the cor- |
I
GeneralWashington.
poral recognized
4 During the bitterly cold winter at Valley
Forge,Washington con{stantlywent the rounds
of his men, encouraginband comforting them.
One dry he came acrossPrivate John Brantley
drinking some stolen wine with his companions. Already a little drunk, Brantley cheerily
invited his commander to "drink some wine
with a soldier." Replied Washington, "My
boy, you haveno time for drinking wine." And
he turned away. "Damn your proud soulr" exclaimed Brantley. "You're above drinking with
'Washington
turned back. "Come, I
soldiers."
will drink with you," he said and took a pull at
the jug and handed it back. "Give it to your
seryants," said Brantley, gesturing toward
Washington's aides. The jug was duly passed
around. "Nowr" said Brantley, when he once
more had his iug, "I'll be damned if I don't
spend the last drop of my heart's blood for
you.tt

5 Early in the Revolutionary'War, \Tashington sent one of his officers to requisition

horsesfrom the local landowners. Calling at an
old country mansion, the officer was received
by the elderly mistressof the house. "Madaffi, I
have come to claim your horsesin the name of
the governmentr" he began. "On whose
orders?" demanded the woman sternly. "On
the orders of General George Washington,
commander in chief of the American armyr"
replied the officer. The old lady smiled. "You
go back and tell General George \ilTashington
that his mother says he cannot have her
horsesr" she said.
6 As \U7ashingtonwas sitting at dinner one
evening,the heat from the fire behind him becameso intensethat he saidhe had better move
farther from the hearth. Someonein the company said jokingly that it was only right and
proper for a general to be able to stand fire.
"But it doesn't look good if he receivesit from
behind," replied Washington.
7 During the Constitutional Conventio\
someonesuggestedthat the sizeof the army be I
restricted to five thousand men at any one
I

TTASHINGTON

572

time. \Tashington saw the impracticality of

this, but as chairman he was prevented from
making a counterproposal. Instead he whispered to a delegatesitting near him that they
ought to amend the proposal to provide that
"no foreign army should invade the United
Statesat any time with more than three thousand troops."

8 \il7alkingin Philadelphia
with an American

fi
{l

cquaintance, an English visitor expresseda

wish to see President \il7ashington.A few moments later, the presidenthappenedto passthe
two men on the opposite side of the street.

Pointing at the solitary figure,the American

said, "There he goes." The Englishmanwas
urprised."ls that PresidentWashington?"
he
exclaimed."'Where'shis guard?"The American struck his breast proudly. "Herer" he delared.

9 Gilbert Stuart, who painted a famous portrait of \Tashington in 1,795,remarked afterward to GeneralHenry ("Light-Horse Harry")
Lee on the strong passionsthat he could perceive beneath the president's dignified exterior. A few dayslater GeneralLee mentioned to
the \Tashingtons that he had seenthe portrait,
adding, "stuart says you have a tremendous
'Washington's
temper." Mrs.
color roseand she
said sharply, "Mr. Stuart takes a great deal on
himself to make such a remark." General Lee
checked her: "But he added that the president
'Washington
has wonderful control."
said, almost smiling, "He's right."

10 In 1797 the French revolutionist and freethinker Constantin Volney visited the United
States and asked \(ashington for a letter of
recommendation. Not wishing to offend the
Frenchman,but also anxious to avoid controversy over the man's opinions, \Tashington
simply wrote: "C. Volney needsno recommendation from Geo. Washington."
4., 48
WATERTON, Charles (L782-1855), British
eccentricand naturalist. His ornithological and
other studies took him to North and South
America, the West Indies, and Madagascar. In
1.805 he inherited Walton Hall, Yorkshire,
which he turned into a bird sanctuary.
1 While in the United States,as Edith Sitwell
describesit, Waterton sprainedhis ankle, and

"beingextremelyannoyedby inquiriesof other

gentlemen,staying in the
less-adventurous
hotel, as to the progressof his 'goutr' he rememberedthat in the past,whenhisanklehad
beenbadlysprained,
a doctorhadorderedhim
to hold it underthe pumptwo or threetimesa
dry. It struck him thereforethat it might be a
kind of super-cure
if heheldhisankleunderthe
'Which
NiagaraFalls."
he did.
4., 4E
WATSON, Richard (1737-1815),British
clergyman,
bishopof Llandaff(1782-1815).He
had preuiouslyheld the chairs of chemistry
(1754-71) and diuinity (1771)at Cambridgt
Uniuersity.He wrote a famous refutation of
Thomas Paine calledApology for the Bible
(1796).
1 The landlord of the well-known Cock Inn
at tilTindermerein northwest England wish
to compliment Dr. Watson, who had a hou
nearby. He changed the name of the inn to
"The Bishop" and hung out a sign bearing a
portrait of the eminent cleric. A rival landlord
of alesspopular establishmentacrossthe street ,I
I ne LocK,
Cockr" il II
his lnn
inn slgn
signto "The
thereupon cnangeo
tnereupon
changednls
and thus attracted a lot of the customersof the { I
I
former Cock Inn. The landlord of the latter I
decided that he must make the identity of his j
inn clear to visitors to the town. When Dt.i
Watson next passedthrough Windermere, he;l
was not at all flattered to see painted under- l,
neath his portrait on the inn tigtt the words: i
"This is the old Cock."
,

4., {6
WATT, James(1736-1819),Britishengineer.
how to improuetheefficiencyof
He discouered
the modelof Newcomen'ssteamenginethat he
was repairing.His discouerycontributedto the
deuelopmentof effectiuesteam power. He
coinedthe term "horsepou)er,"and the metric
unit of power is namedafter Ltim.
I According to tradition, the solution to the
problem of preventingthe loss of energyin the
Newcomen engineoccurred to Watt as he observeda kettle boiling on the fire at his home.
His aunt came in and rebuked him for idly
fiddling about with the kettle, holding a spoon
over the spout, pressingit down, and so on. She
suggestedthat he go out and do something
useful.

l
I

I
n
I

!
I

t
I
t

\
\
t

s73
In First l-ady from Plains, Rosalynn
Cartergivesan insightinto someof the
lesser-knownstories about the White
House:
"'$7e learnedsome wonderfullv odd
thingsaboutthe housethat night;Abigail
Adamshung the presidentiallaundryin
the EastRoom; ThomasJeffersonused
the samespacefor hissecritary,who had
to find better quarterswhen the ceiling
literally fell in; the portrait of George
\Tashingtonin the EastRoomis the only
obiectknown to have alwaysbeenin the
WhiteHouse,exceptwhenDolleyMadison had it torn from its frameasshefled
when the British were comingin 7814;
AndrewJackson
onceplaceda fourteenhundred-pound
in the CrossHall
cheese
and invitedthe public in to eat it. They
came in droves, eating and treading
crumbsinto the carpets,and the smell
lingered for weeks. Thomas Jefferson
had a pet mockingbirdthat he taughtto
peckfood from hislipsandto hop up the
stairs after him; the Garfield children
rode large, three-wheeledvelocipedes
while they carriedon pillow fightsin the
East Room; and the five children of
TheodoreRooseveltslid down the staircaseson trays stolen from the pantry,
stalkedthe hallon stilts,andwhenoneof
thechildrenhadthemeasles,
hisbrothers
took a pony into his second-floorbedroom after riding up in the President's
elevator."

WAUGH

employee; Mr. Smith. He was amazed and

overioyed when \Tatterson replied in the affirmative. After the conductor had gone, the
young man thanked rU7attersonfor savinghim
from a difficult situation. The other smiled.
"Compose yourself, young man. I don't hrppen to be Colonel \U(Iatterson,but I am riding
on his railroad pass."

Ar, {4
WAUGH, Evelyn(1903-66),British nouelist.
Declineand Fall(1928)andVile Bodies(1930)
establishedhim as a social satirist. After his
cont)ersion
to RomanCatholicismin 1930religious themesplayedan increasingpart in such
nouelsAs BridesheadRevisited(1945).Later
books includehis uartime trilogy- At Arms
(1952),Officersand Gentlemen(1955),and
UnconditionalSurrender(1951).
I Randolph Churchill, the journalist son of
'Silinston
Churchill and not remarkable for the
sweetnessof his character,went into the hospital to havea lung removed. It was announced in
the press that the trouble was not cancer.
rilTaugh commented: "A typical triumph of
modern science to find the only paft of Randolph that was not malignant and remove it."

2 EvelyntU7augh
and Harold Acton toured
southern Italy together. It turned out tghe one

of thosevacations
when everythiggfr,onspires
'When
to go wrong.
they got td Nrples, the
British consul cameto pay thp{na couftesy call.

Theywereboth feelingrgtKerout of sorts,and

the conversation
. In a desperate attempt to enlivent{the consul said to'S7augh,
"l have a may6f Mount Ararat, which I think

"W
WATTERSON, Henry (1840-192I), US
iournalistand newspapereditor.
I All journalists in Watterson's time were issued with special railroad passes,which were
nontransferable. Nevertheless, abuse of the
systemwas widespread.A young man traveling
on the Louisville and Nashville Railway was
using the passof a certain Mr. Smith, a correspondent on Watterson's paper. The suspi'$Tattercious conductor took "Smith" to see
son, who happened to be on the same train.
The impostor drembledasthe conductor asked
Watterson if this young man was indeed his

shouldit?" saidWaugh."Has theArk

found?"
3 In 1935, Waugh was sent to cover the ltalian invasion of Ethiopia. While he was there,
his editor heard a rumor that an English nurse
had beenkilled in an Italian air raid and cabled:
"Send two hundred words upblown nurse."
\7augh made exhaustiveenquiries,but was unable to substantiatethe story. He finally cabled
back: "Nurse unupblown."
4 \il7augh's commanding officer was impressed by his courage during the battle of
Crete in 1941,. On the return journey, the

574

WAUGH

uwriter was askedfor his impressionof the battle, his first experienceof military action. "Like
':
German ope tar" he replied, "too long and too
loud."
5 (JosephEpstein tells this story about Evelyn Waugh:)
"Once, when he had behavedwith particular
rudenessto a young French intellectual at a
dinner pafty in Paris at the home of Nancy
Mitford, Miss Mitford, angry at his social brutality, asked him how he could behave so
meanlyand yet considerhimselfa believingand
'You haveno idea,'Waugh
practicingCatholic.
'how much nastierI would be if I was
returned,
not a Catholic. Without supernatural aid I
would hardly be a human being."'
(Epsteinalso reports this incident:)
"Finally, from the thesaurus of Wavian anecdotes, Christopher Sykes,in his biography,
reports visiting \7augh in the hospital, where
he found him grumbling in great pain in the
aftermath of an operation for piles. Attempting
to solace his friend, Sykes remarked that he
assumedthe ope.ration,painful though it might
seemnow, was m any casenecessary,
'the
operation was
"'Nor' Waugh replied,
not necessary,but might conceivablyhave become so later on.'
'Then
why did
"'Not necessaryl' said Sykes.
you have it done?'
" 'Perfectionism."'

Ar, 48
Archibald Percival, 1st Earl
WAVELL,
(1883-1950), British field marshal; uiceroy of
India (1943-47). In World War II he defeated
the ltalians in Africa, but was less successful
againstRommel. Sent to southeastAsia, he tried
utith inadequate forces to stem the] apanesetide
and u)as superseded.
| (One of the greatest disappointments of
'j.941,
\il7avell'slife came at the end of June
when he was replacedby Claude Auchinleck as
commanderin the Middle Easternbattle zone.)
"A signal from the Prime Minister [ChurchillJ telling him that Auchinleck and he were to
changeplaceshad arrived in the small hours of
the morning, and been taken to GeneralArthur
had at once dressed and gone
Smith, who
'Wavell's
house on Gezira. He found
round to
him shaving,with his face covered with lather

and his razorpoised.He readout the signal.

\il7avellshowedno emotion. He merelysaid:
'The Prime Minister's quite right. This
iob
wantsa new eyeanda newhand';andwent on
shaving."
4., {4
WEBB, Sidney IJames], Baron Passfield
(1859-1947),British socialistpolitician and
economist.He wAsa founderof theFabianSociety (1854)and the London Schoolof Eco-t
(1.858-L943),
nomics(1895).His wife,Beatrice
with him on booksthat hauehada,
collaborated
of socialist
lastingimpact on the deuelopment
i'''
thoughtin Britain.
front
I Askedto accountfor theharmonious
presentedon the importantissues
the \il7ebbs
of the time, Beatriceexplainedthat they had
agreedearlyin their marriedlife alwaysto vote
alike on great issues."sidney was to decide
which way we voted. I was to decidewhich
werethe greatissues."
As' e8
US lawyer
WEBSTER, Daniel (1,782-1852),
Born into a poor New Hampand statesman.
shire farming family, Daniel Webstershowed
signsof his great intellectualpowersfrom an
earlyage.He first becamea law!r, his remarkable skill as an orator quickly winning him a
distinguishedposition.He thenenteredpolitics
and becameknown for his staunchdefenseof
the Constitution. He rAn unsuccessfullyfo,
president,but acbieuedlastingfamewith some
His later yearsweredarkened
of his speeches.
by political disappointments,family sorrows,
and financialsetbacks.
I Temporarilyabsentfrom home, Captain
\Tebsterleft Daniel and his brother Ezekiel
with specificinstructionsas to the work they
wereto do that d"y. On hisreturnhefoundthe
hissons
andquestioned
taskstill unperformed,
"'Whathaveyou
severely
about their idleness.
beendoing,Ezekiel?"he asked.
"Nothing, sir."
"'Well,Daniel,what haveyou beendoing?"
"HelpingZeke,sir."
2 As a boy, DanielWebsterworked in his I
father'sfields.Oned^yrtoldto do the mowing,i
he madea thoroughlybadiob of it; sometimes\
it I
his scythestruckthe groundand sometimes

575
swung too high and missed the grassentirely.
He complained to his father that the scythewas
not hung right. Various attempts were made to
hang it better, but with no success.At last his
father told him that he might hang it to suit
himself, whereupon he hung it on a tree and
said, "There, that's just right."

3 As a lad at school Webster committed

somepeccadillofor which he wascalledup to
the teacher'sdeskto havethe palmof his right
hand caned.Aware that his handswere very
dirty, he madean effort to rub off someof the
dirt ashe walkedup to the desk.Nevertheless,
the hand he held out was exceedinglygrimy.
The teacherlookedat it sternly."Daniel,if you
can find anotherhand as dirty as that in this
schoolroom,I'll let you off." Out from behind
the boy'sbackcamethe left hand."Here it is,
sir," saidyoungWebster.The teacherhad to
abideby his offer.
not to at4 A friend advisedyoung\ilUebster
tempt to enterthe legalprofession,which was
alreidy overcrowdedand posed formidable
obstaclesto a man without eithermoneyor
family connectionsto help him. "There's

ffilfr
saidWebster
thet_op,"
aly?n:9:T_11

5 Daniel Webster met Grace Fletcher, who

was to become his first wife, when he was a
young lawyer at Portsmouth. He was allowed
to call on her, and on one of his visits was
making himself useful by holding skeinsof silk
thread for her. Suddenlyhe stopped and said,
"Grace, we have been engaged in untying
knots; let us seeif we can tie a knot which will
not untie for alifetime." Then Webster took a
piece of tape and began to tie a complicated
knot in it, which he gaveto her to completethis they regardedas the ceremony of their engagement.
.
I t {Grace died in L828 and Webster remar| | ried two yearslater. After his death, howI I ever, in the little box that he had marked
I | "Ptecious Documents," were found the
I I letters of his early courtship with Grace
I
J and this knot, never untied.)
6 At the beginning of his legal career,Daniel
\il7ebsterwas engagedas associatecounsel by a
lawyer acting for a gentleman from Grafton
County. The lawyer made known his choice to

V E B S T E R ,D A N I E T

the client, who asked if this was Daniel \febster, son of old Ebenezerof Salisbury.Receiving an affirmative reply, he cried, "What! That
little black stable-boy who once brought me
some horses!Then I think we might aswell give
up the case." It was too late to engageanother
associatecounsel, and the case went ahead.
The dejectedclient satin court, not listeningto
the proceedings.Then he found that his attention was gradually arrested by the associate
counsel'svoice. He was held spellbound until
the end of the speech.The lawyer turned to his
client and asked, "'What do you think of him
now?"
"Think! Why, I think he is an angel sent
down from Heaven to saveme from ruin, and
my wife and children from misery!"
7 The lawyerJeremiahMason was Webster's ;
d
colleagueand friend in Portsmouth. The two
were often opposed in important cases,and
performed impressively against each other in j
'
loutt. One d^i when a new casewas called,the
clerk of the court asked who was counsel on i
i
eachside."Which sideareyou on in this case?"
Mason asked Webster. "I don't knowr" said I{
lUfebster."Take your choice."

8 (\flebster had an immenselyimpressive

in court,wherehismagnifpresence,
especially
icent voice and his dark, beetle-browedeyes
were of great advantage.Van Wyck Brooks
recounts the story of how Daniel \Ufebster
lookeda witnessout of court.)
"He had set his greateyeson the man and
him throughandthrough;then,asthe
searched
causewent otr, and this fellow's perjury was
not yet calledfor, Websterlookedroundagain
to seeif he was readyfor the inquisition.The
witnessfelt for his hat and edgedtoward the
lookedon him,and
door.A third time\il(ebster
the witnesscould sit no longer.He seizedhis
chance and fled from the court and was no
where to be found."
9 A Nantucket gentlemanstopped a friend in
the street and told him, "I am in trouble and
wish your advice."
"What's the matter?"
"Oh, I'm in a lawsuit, and \0febsteris against
me. til7hatshall I do?"
"My advice is that your only chance of
escapeis to send to Smyrnaand import a young
earthquake."

576

W E B S T E R ,D A N I E L

{Compare SydneySmith's description of

lU7ebster:
"A steam enginein trousers.")

{Shornof its questionmarks,thisbecame

a catchphrase
of the Tarzanfilms.)

10 Daniel \Tebster attended a particularly illustrious dinner party. After the ladies had retired, the host produced a bottle of Madeira
for the gentlemen.This wine, he said,had been
bottled by his grandfather more than seventy
yearsbefore. One of the guestsdid somecalculations on the back of a letter and remarked
that if the wine was worth twenty-five cents
when bottled, its presentvalueat current interest would reacha hundred dollars. At that moment a seryantannounced that the carriagehad
arrived to take Mr. \Tebster to a ball given in
his honor. Some of the guestsescorted Webster to his carriage.As one of them was folding
up the carriagestep after he had climbed in, he
found \Tebster's foot in the wxy, and asked
whether he wished to alight. "Yesr" said \febster quicklyr"l want to go back and help our
mathematical friend stop the interest on that
damned expensivebottle of wine."

2 In 1959, when Fidel Castro's guerrilla

troops were battling Fulgencio Batista's soldiers in Cuba, Weissmuller,part of a celebrity
golf tournament, was on his way to the golf
coursewith some friends and two bodyguards.
Suddenlytheir car was surroundedby ^band of
guerrillaswho disarmedthe guardsand pointed
their rifles at Weissmuller and his party. \7hat
to do? Weissmullerdrew himself up to his full
height, beat his chest, and let out the famous
yell. The guerrillaswere stunnedfor a moment.
Then: "T arzanlT arzan!Bienuenidol Welcome
to Cuba!" An international incident had been
averted.Indeed,it turned into an autographing
party, followed by triumphal procession to
the golf course. "

Ar' 48
WEBSTER, Noah (1758-1.843),US lexicographer. His American Dictionary of the English
Language(1828) was the forerunner of a great
p rocession of American di ctionaries bearingth e
name Webster in their titles.
I Going unexpectedlyinto the parlor of their
house one d^y, Mrs. Webster discoveredher
husband embracing their maid. "Noah, I am
surprised!" she exclaimed. Webster released
the maid and reassumedhis professional dignity. "No, my dearr" he corrected his wife,
"it is I who am surprised; you are merely
astonished."
{The authenticity of this old chestnut is
doubtful.)
At, 4t
WEISSMULLER, Johnny (1904-84), US
sutimmer. He ,Don firt Olympic gold medals
(1924, 1928)and w*s the first man to swim 100
meters in under a minute (1922). He later becameA successfulfil* actor, noted especiallyfo,
his characterization of Tarzan.

{r
It

ri

I Asked if he would do a screentest for the

part of Tarzan in the first sound movies of the
iungle saga, \(Ieissmuller is reported to have
exclaimed, "Me? Tarzan?"

Ao, 48
WEIZMANN,
Chaim (I874-I9 52),] ewish
statesman;first president of Israel (L949-52).
Weizmann, trained as a cbemist, in 1915 discouered a manufacturing process for the production of acetone. Because he was already
prominent in the Zionist mouement,his discot)ery gauehim status in his dealingswith tbe British gouernment that resultedin the Balfour DecIaration (1917).
I As a chemist at Manchester University,
\Teizmann came into the constituency of the
Conseruativepolitician Arthur Balfour. There
was a proposal at that time to establishaJewish
"homeland" in Uganda, a suggestion hotly
countered by the Zionists. A mediator ab
ranged for Weizmann to meet Balfour to put
him straight on the unacceptability of Uganda
and to explain the emotional and spiritual attraction of Palestine. Trying to get this idea
'Just
acrossto Balfour, Weizmann said,
suppose, Mr. Balfour, I were to offer you Paris
insteadof London; would you accept it?" Balfour, off guard, said somewhat crassly, "But,
Dr. lilTeizmann,we already haueLondon." Replied Weizmann: "But we had Jerusalemwhen
London was a marsh."

4., {8
WELLES, Orson (1915-85), US fil* actor
and director. His first fil*, Citizen Kane
(1941),becamea classicouernight,but earned
him the bostility of William Randolpb Hearst,

577
on whom the principal character is based. As
an Actor, he appeared in many mouies, perhaps most notably inThe Third Man (1949).
I Film director Vincent Korda and his son
Michael once had to chaseOrson \il7elles,who
was running from contract obligations, across
Europe. Landing in Venice, Naples,Capri, and
Nice, they finally caught up with him in
Cagnes-sur-Merand hoisted him off to a private airplane. Michael and Welles shared the
back seatswith a giant basket of fruit, which
Vincent had carefully selectedin Nice, wedged
between them. Michael eventually fell asleep.
\7hen he awoke, he eyed the basket- and realized that Welles had systematically taken a
single bite out of each piece of fruit. Having
thus effectively destroyed Vincent's fruit,
Welles now slept soundly, his immaculate appearancemarred only by r few spots of juice on
his shirt front.

2 One Saturdayduringthe productionof his

film The Lady from Shanghai,Ylelles
decided
that a certainsetneededrepaintingfor the following Monday'sfilming.Havingbeentold by
production managerJack Fier that this was
quite impossible,Wellesgatheredtogether a
group of friends.They broke into the paint
departmentlateon Saturdayevening,repainted
andleft a hugesignoverthe
the setthemselves,
entranceto the studio:"THE ONLY THING
\TE HAVE TO FEAR IS FIER HIMSELF.''
When the officialsetpaintersarrivedfor work
on Monday,they immediatelycalleda strike.
Fier was obligedto pay a hefty sum to each
memberof the crew as compensationfor the
work done by nonunion
labor. He deducted
'$(/elles's
fee and had a new
the money from
bannerpainted"ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS
\7ELLES.'' \07hereupon
the two men, bitter
enemiesup to that point, calleda truce and
ultimatelybecamegreatfriends.
A$ '.8
WELLINGTON, Arthur Welleslry,lst Duke
of (1769-1852),Britishgeneraland stAtesman,
nicknamed"the lron Duke." After seruicein
India, Wellesley led the Britisb campaign
againstNapoleonin Spainand Portugal-the
PeninsularWar (1508-14).For this achieuementhewasmadea duke.He and thePrussian
general
Blticher finally defeatedNapoleon at
'Waterloo
(1815). In 1828 he becameTory

TTELLINGTON

prime minister. Although a supporterof the

Roman Catholicemancipationbill (1829),he
opposedparliamentaryreformand waseuentually forcedto resign(1830).
I On a seavo yagethe vesselin which \il7e1]
lington was travelingencountereda violent'
stormandseemedin imminentdangerof sinking.The captaincameto Wellington'scabinat
duskandsaid,"lt will soonbeall overwith us."
Wellington,aboutto go to bed,replied,"Very
well, then I shallnot take off my boots."
was in
2 When the young Arthur \U(ellesley
India,hewasin chargeof negotiationsafterthe
of an Indian
battleof Assayewith an emissary
rulerwho wasanxiousto know whatterritories
would be cededto his masterasa resultof the
treaty. Having tried variousapproachesand
found that the generalwasnot to be drawnon
the subject,the Indianofferedhim fivelacsof
rupees(about f50,000) for the information.
"Can you keep a secret?"askecilil7ellesl.y.
"Yes,indeed,"saidthe Indianeagerly.
"So can
I," saidWellesl.y.
3 Wellington's soldiersnicknamed him "Old , ,
Nosey" on account of his prominent nosd.
\
Riding up one d.y during 6is Spanish cam- '
paigns"toinrpectan .*porei positi,cn,\Telling-, ,
ton, about to be challenged,forgot the coun-"
tersign. The sentry, an lrishman, nonethelessi
brought his musket to the salute and said,.i
"God blessyour crooked nose; I would rather
:
seeit than ten thousand men!"
{This remark is quoted by many of the
officers who seroedunder \Tellington in
i
the Peninsular'$Var.)
4 During the PeninsularWar a detachmentof i
energetic but inexperienced young officers ar'Wel-,
rived to strengthen Wellington's forces.
lington obsewed, "l don't know what effecd
they will have upon the enemy, but by God,;
'
they frighten me."
,
5 Although the cavalry regiments rended to
get more of the limelight,'Wellington was fully
aware of the crucial importance of the infantry.
A few weeks before the battle of \Taterloo an
Englishman encountered the duke in a square
in Brusselsand asked if he thought he could
defeat Napoleon. Wellington pointed to a soldier from one of the infantry regiments, who

I$(/ELLINGTON

578

was doing some off-duty sightseeing in the

town. "lt all dependsupon that article therer"
he said. "Give me enough of it, and I am sure."
6 At one point during the battle of Waterloo
an officer commanding a gun battery sent a
messageto Wellington saying that he could
clearly discern Napoleon among the enemy
troops, his guns were in position, and he requestedpermissionto fire. Wellington forbade
him. "lt is not the businessof generalsto shoot
one another."
7 At Waterloo, the Marquess of Anglesey,
who was in command of the British, Hanoverian, and Belgian horse, was standing by the
Duke of \$Tellingtonwhen a shot hit his right
knee. "By God, sir,'ohe remarked to Wellington, "l have lost my leg."
"By God, I believeyou have," replied Wellington laconically.
{The leg had to be amputated,and it was
buried, with an obelisk erected over its
last resting place.)
8 The hero of Waterloo was sitting in his
office one dry when the door flew open and a
man rushed in, crying, "l must kill you!" \7ellington did not raise his head from his papers.
He merely said, "Does it have to be tod ayl"
The intruder looked confused. "'Well, they
didn't tell me o . but soon, surelyr" he replied. "Good," said Wellington briskly. "A little later on then, I'm busy at the moment." The
man withdrew and was promptly seizedby the
police, who had been informed that there was
an escapedlunatic on the rampage.

\ur

ngton was co mlpelled to srt

\t Vi enna Velli
EII]tmgt
At
rov
ve:n'sBattleof
namce
tceof Beeth
ughzaperforIrmal
thrrroul
t,intr
',gton
7
Victo
Afterwardl a
W
illin5
ell
ton's
viictor
or,
oria (or,
I
) .1
ry).
ske,
:dt h
hii m if the MUiUSic had been
sked
envoy' atsker
Rt
tuss
;ia
iiane
ussia
,al
rid
rea
rei
ng."B yr tG]o,
od, nor" sai
I th
thinl
hi like t:he
hing
eereal
nyt
ryrhi
an
hat
, r l'd have ruun
had tbeen like t:ha
hre
edu
<
th,
iu
luke. "If ii t had
1 vyself."
wat
vayy m
10 When some French officers, cut to the
heart at France'sdefeat, turned their backs on
Wellington at Vienna, an onlooker spoke sympathetically to the snubbed duke. Wellington
smiled. "I have seen their backs before,
madamr" he said.

11 \Ufhen Sir John Steell was executing the

colossalequestrianstatue of lilTellingtonto be
placed in Edinburgh, he was troubled by the
fact that his sitter did not look particularly
warlike. All his efforts to get a more animated
expression,by urging the duke to recall the
glorious victories of the Peninsularcampaigns
and Waterloo, failed to produce their effect.At
last in desperationhe suggestedthat he should
model the duke ashe was on the morning of the
Battle of Salamanca,"as you galloped about
the field inspiring your troops to deeds of
valor." The duke snorted. "lf you really want
to model me as I was on the morning of Salamanca, you must show me crawling along a
ditch on my stomach,holding a telescope."
12 Wellington once came upon a little boy
sitting at the side of the road, crying as if his
heart would break. "Come now, that's no way
for a young gentleman to behave.What's the
matter?" he asked."l haveto go away to school
tomorrowr" sobbed the child, "and I'm worried about my pet toad. There'sno one elseto
care for it and I shan't know how it is." The
duke reassuredhim, promising to attend to the
matter personally.
After the boy had been at school for little
more than a week, he received the following
letter: "Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington
and
presentshis compliments to Master
has the pleasureto inform him that his toad is
well,"
13 Lord Douro, the duke's eldest son, was
extraordinarily like him in appearance.A lady
once asked the duke if the numerous caricatures of him that had been published had ever
annoyedhim. "Not a bit, not a bit," saidWellington, then added after a pause, "There is
only one caricature that has ever caused me
annoyance- Douro."
14 Sparrowsinvaded the newly built Crystal
Palace and became trapped under the glass
roof, with predictably messyresultsfor the exhibits and visitors. Queen Victoria sought the
views of her eldest statesmanon how to deal
with the problem. "sparrowhawks, ma'amr"
was Wellington's laconic advice.
15 The French actressMlle George boasted
that she had slept with both Napoleon and

579

WESLEY

\Tellington. Asked in later life who was the

better lover, she replied, " Ah, monsieur, le duc
6tait de beaucouple plus fort" (Ah, sir, the duke
was by far the more vigorous).
16 In his later years$Tellington resentedany
kind of attention that implied he was decrepit.
One evening, as lilfellington was waiting to
crossPiccadilly to reach his house,a gentleman
nearly as old forcibly took the Duke's arm and
made a considerable parade of escorting him
across the busy thoroughfare. "I thank you,
sir," said\Tellington when he reachedhis door.
The other claspedhis hand and broke into effusive speech,concluding with, "I never dared
to hope that I might seethe d^y when I might
render the slightest assistanceto the greatest
man that ever lived." \Tellington surveyedhim
serenely."Don't be a damn fool, sirr" he said,
and walked into his house.
A$ ..8
WELLS, H[erbert] G[eorge] (1866-1946),
British nouelist. His nouels foll into two main
categories: imaginatiue romnnces or futuristic
fantasies, such as The War of the Worlds
(1895); and nouelsof social comedy or bumor,
such as The History of Mr. Polly (1910). His
social commentaries and popularizations of
knowledgt were important in their time.
I On leaving a Cambridge pafty, \fells accidentally picked up a hat that did not belong to
him. Discoveringhis mistake,he decidednot to
return the headgear to its rightful owner,
whose label was inside the brim. The hat fit
\fells comfortably; furthermore, he had grown
to like it. So he wrote to the erstwhileowner: "I
stole your hat; I like your hat; I shall keep your
hat. Whenever I look inside it I shall think of
you and your excellent sherry and of the town
of Cambridge.I take off your hat to you."
2 At a dinner one evening H. G. Wells expounded his theory that mankind had failed.
The dinosaur had failed becausehe had concentrated upon size.Homo sapienshad failed
had not developedlhe right type of
becausehe'S7ells
claimed, we will first destroy
brain. So,
ourselves,then die out as a species,and reveft
to mud and slime."And we shalldeseroeitr" he
added.One of the guestsobjected that surelyit
wouldn't be as bad as that. "One thousand

'Wells.
years morer" said
"That's all Homo
sapienshas before him."

3 (C. P. Snowrecountsa soberingconv.rt"{

tion with H. G. \fells that took placewell afterl
midnight in a hotel lounge,where they were[
sittingunderthe pottedpalms,glasses
of whis-)
k.y by their chairs. Snow comments that I
\ilfells'sburstsof intimacytendedto be lugu|
ott'?I.H'l*ically
for [\rells] the converr"rior,I
tailed off. The silencesgot longerand longer.I
Without any introduction,he broke into the I
quiet.It wasa simplequestion.He said,'Ever I
thought of suicide,Snow?'I reflected.I said, I
'Yes,H. G., I have.'He replied,'SohaveI. But
I
not till I was past seventy.'He was then sev-fl
enty-two. \U7edrank some more whisky and
\
looked sombrelyat the palms."
Ar, 4E
of
WERFEL, Alma Mahler(1879-1964),wife
composer Gus,tauMahler,thenarchitect Walter
Gropius,and finolb writer Franz Werfel.The
louer of many Central Europeanwriters and
painters,shewAsregardedas the femmefatale
of turn-of-the-centuryV iennA.
I The German playwright Gerhart Hauptmannwasa greatadrnirerof Alma's,although
he had neverbeenher lover. He said to her,
"Alma, in anotherlife we two must be lovers.
May I make my reservationnow?" Frau
Hauptmann was standing close enough to
overhearher husband'sremark."Oh, darlingr"
shesaid,"I am sureAlma will be bookedup
there,too,"
A"

tt6

WESLEY, John (L703-91),British religious

leader.Preachingan appealingmessageof repentanceand faith, he and his brotherCharles
encounteredmuch hostility from the Anglicnn
hierarchy,which sometimeshired ruffians to
Thebrotbershad
disrupttheWesleys'meetings.
no wish to splitwith theAnglicanChurch,and
the Wes[eyin Methodist Church taas formed
only after their deaths.
I At a stormy meetinga ruffian raisedhis I
handto strikeJohnrU7esley
on the head,but as
he broughtit down he checkedhis blow and
murmured,"'What soft hair he has!"

s80

WESLEY

2 Preaching one d^y, Wesley noticed that

some of his congregation were fast asleep.
"Fire! Fire!" he suddenly cried. The sleepers
awoke with a start and leaped to their feet.
"'Where?" they asked, looking anxiously
around them. "In hellr" replied til(Iesley,"for
those who sleep under the preaching of the
word.tt
6r, ..6
WEST, Mae (L892-1980), US mouie star and
actress;the sex symbol of the 1930s.Her bestknown films were She Done Him Wrong
(1933),Klondyke Annie (1936),and My Little
Chickadee(1939).
| "Goodness, Maer" said a friend, on greeting her, "where did you get those beautiful
pearls?"
"Never mindr" saidMae West, "but you can
take it from me that goodnesshad nothing to
do with it."
{Mae'West used this riposte,which may
well have been apocryphal,as the title of
one volume of her autobiography,Goodness Has Nothing to Do with It, published in 1959.)
Aro .4
WEST, Dame Rebecca (1892-1983), British
nouelist and political iournalist. Among her
books are Black Lamb and Grey Falcon (1942),
The Meaning of Treason (1949), and A Train
of Powder (1955), the laner about the Nuremberg trials.
I On a visit to New York RebeccaWesr encountered a well-known society figure and his
young friend. The two men, despitethe difference in their agesand heights, wore identical
outfits - suits, shirts, cravats, and even hairstyleswere all the same.Surveyingthem, Miss
West remarked, "They look like a nest of
tables."
2 Someone at a party remarked of Cecil
Chesterton (brother of GKC) that although he
had a "dinry" complexion he was in fact very
clean. The speakerwent on to say that when
Cecil bathed at Le Touquet, "he came out of
the water just asgray-blueaswhen he went in."
Rebecca'Westinterposed,"But did you look at
the Channel?"

3 In 1,945 aNazi death list was discov.r.f,""i

that included the namesof RebeccaWest and.'.
I
Nol Coward. When Rebecca\ilfest heard of
this, sheimmediatelywired Coward: "My dear
-the people we should have been seen dead
with."
As, e8
WESTINGHOUSE,
George (L846-I9I4),
US inuentor and manufacturer.
I In 1872 \07estinghousetook out his first
patent for an automatic air brake that would
functio n far more quickly and safely than the
clumsy hand brakes then in use. The railroad
companies,however,were deeplysuspiciousof
the invention. When he wrote to Cornelius
Vanderbilt, presidentof the New York Central
Railroad,pointing out the advantagesof the air
brake, Vanderbilt returned the letter with the
words "l have no time to waste on foolsr"
scrawled on the bottom.
Alexander J. Cassatt of the Pennsylvania
Railroad, next approached,saw possibilitiesin
'$Testinghouse
the new brake, and gave
money
to continue developinghis invention. The tests
were successful.News of them reached Vanderbilt. He wrote \ilTestinghousea letter inviting him to come and see him. Back came the
letter, endorsed "I have no time to waste on
fools. George'Westinghouse."
Ar, 48
WHARTON,
Edith Newbold (1862-1937),
US writer; noted for Ethan Frome (L911) and
The Age of Innocence (1920), which was
awarded the Pulitzer Prize.
'S7harton
I At the age of eleven, Edith
artempted her first novel. It began:" 'Oh, how do
you do, Mrs. Brown?' said Mrs. Tompkins. 'lf
only I had known you were going ro call, I
should havetidied up the drawing room.' " Her
mother's solecomment, on perusingthis promising effort, was a gelid "Drawing rooms are
always tidy."
Ar, 4t
WHEATCROFT, Harry (1898- ), British
rosespecialist.He begangrowing rosesin 1.919,
on A singleacre of land. By the mid-1970s his
company wAs producing ouer one and a half
million roses each yeAr. He has introduced

581

\THISTLER

many commercial uarieties of roses and has

written seueral books on the subiect of rosegrowing.
I Wheatcroft was known for his flamboyant
dress. One afternooo, he arrived at a flower
show in his familiar brightly colored attire. Instead of the usual rosebud in his buttonhole,
however, he sported a magnificent carnation.
"What's this, Harry?" commented a friend.
"No rose today?"
"Shh," whispered Wheatcroft. "I'm incognito!"
A" "t6
WHEELER, Joseph (1835-L906), US aftny
officer and politician. At the outbreak of the
Spanish-American War he was commissioned
maior general. He wAs a member of the US
House of Representatiuesin the late nineteenth
century.
| \Theeler had beena Confederategeneralin
he
the Civil'War. In the Spanish-American'$Var
commandedsix regimentsin the attack on Santiago. On the road to the city his.men suffered
senouscasualtiesfrom the superior fire power
of the enemy. Nevertheless,at a certainpoint
the Spanishabandoned their entrenchments.
General Wheeler, directly behind his men, inspired them with his imperishableand unreconstructed cryr"'We'vegot the damn Yankees
on the run!"
Ar, 48
WHEWELL, William (1794-1866), British
scientist. He was Master of Trinity College,
Cambridge, from 1841 and won a considerable
philosophical reputation with his History of
the Inductive Sciences(1 837).
I During the Victorian era the River Cam in
Cambridgewas still usedasthe town sewer.On
a visit to CambridgeQueen Victoria pausedon
one of the bridges,surrounded by collegedignitaries.Sheremarkedon the quantity of paper
she could see in the stream. "All that paper,
ma'amr" said \ilfhewell, "carries notices to inform visitors that the river is unfit for bathing."
2 \fhewell, well read in many subjects,could
speakwith authority on any topic of conversation that arose in the Trinity Senior Common

Room, to the infuriation of some of his colleagues.Gathering up a number of reference

books, including an old encyclopedia,they selected the obscure subject of Chinesemusical
instrumentsand studied it assiduouslyfor several days. During the after-dinner conversation the next Sunday, they introduced the
topic. Those who knew nothing of the conspiracy were astounded at the unexpected erudition of their colleagues; even l7hewell remained silent for a while. Then, turning to one
of the conspirators,he remarked,"l gatheryou
have been reading the encyclopedia article on
Chinese musical instruments I wrote some
years back."
Ar, ..6
WHISTLER, JamesAbbott McNeill (18341903), US painter who liued most of his life in
London after 1.860.Cantankerousand opinionated, he made many enemiesin the art world see his The Gentle Art of Making Enemies
(1890).

1 Duringa WestPoint examination\Thistler

his examinersby not knowingthe
scandalized
dateof the battleof BuenaVista."'What!"said
oneof them,"supposeyou went out to dinner
and the companygot talkingabout the MexicanWar, and you, a West Point man,did not
know the dateof this battle.What would you
do?"Politelybut decisively
\Thistlerreplied,"I
should refuseto associatewith peoplewho
talkedof suchthingsat dinner."

fi
t l
l l

2 rilThistler's
failurein his'S7est
Pointchemistry examinationonceprovokedhim to remark
in laterlife, "lf siliconhad beena gas,I should
havebeena majorgeneral."
3 A

snobbish Bostonian approachedl

Whistler at a party one evening. "And where

were you born, Mr. tUThistler?"she asked.
"Lowell, Massachusettsr"replied the painter.
"'Whateverpossessed
you to be born in a place
like that?" ixclairned'the lady. "The explanation is quite simpler" said tDfhistler."I wished
to be near my mother."

4 An Americanself-mademillionairevisited
Whistler'sParisstudio,intendingto buy some
picturesfor his palatial house. He glanced
aroundthe studiowith its clutter of canvases
and said,"How muchfor the lot?"

WHISTLER

"Four million," saidWhistler.

"What!"
"My posthumousprices."

'l
12 "A woman said to lU7histler, just came
up from the country this morning along the
Thames, and there was an exquisite hazein the
atmosphere which reminded me so much of
some of your little things. It was really a perfect
seriesof t$Thistlers.'
'Yes,
"
madam,' respondedWhistler gravely,
'Nature is
creepingup."'

to painta
6 Whistlerhadbeencommissioned
life-sizenudeportrait of FrenchactressCleode
M6rode. With her mother sitting nearbyas
chaperone,Mlle de Mrodedrapedherselfon
llt1 the couch, wearing nothing but a bandeau
il
I aroundherhead.\Thistlerwasnot totallysatisfied with the effect. He steppedforward to
readiustthe bandeau,which completelycovered the actress'sears.Her mother instantly
roseto her feet."Oh, tro, tro, Do,monsieur!"
shecried."My daughter'searsarefor her husband."

13 A friend of rVhistler'scameup to him in a

London street as the aftist was talking to a
particularly grimy urchin selling newspapers.
Whistler asked the lad how long he had been
doing the work.
"Three years,sir."
"How old are you?"
"Seven,sir."
"Oh, come, you must be older than that."
"No, I aintt, sir."
rUThistler
turned to his friend. "l don't think
he could get that dirty in sevenyears.Do you?"

irZ \Thistler had dined and wined extremely

, nwellat a friend'shouse.He left the partyanda
, $fewsecondslatera loud crashannouncedthat
i Jhe hadfallendown the stairs.As hewaspicked
f f up, he indignantlydemandedthe nameof his
{ $ host's architect."Norman Shaw," was the
reply."I might haveknown it," said'S7histler.
"The damnedteetotaler."

14 A supposedconversationbetweenWhistler and Oscar \7ilde having been published in

Punch, r$(/ildesent Whistler the following telegram: "Punch too ridiculous. \il(/henyou and I
are together we never talk about anything except ourselves." Back came the reply from
\ilThistler:"No, tro, Oscar, you forget. \7hen
you and I are together \rye never talk about
anything except me."

ll

II

I
I
I

I
I
I
I

n
Some blank canvasesthat rilThistlerhad
ordered had been lost in the mail. Asked
whether the canvaseswere of any great value,
Whistler replied, "Nor It, not yet."

5 Whistler,priding himselfon his fluencyin

French,insistedon doingtheorderingin a fashionableParisrestaurant.His companiontried
to intelveneand wastold, "I am quite capable
of orderinga mealin Francewithout your assistance.""Of courseyou ater"saidhis friend
placatingly,"but I iust distinctly heard you
ordera flight of steps."
{Did he useescalierfor escalope?}

Iil

t
I

582

whether
8 A femaleadmireraskedr$(/histler
"I cannottell you
hethoughtgeniushereditary.
that,madamr"he replied."Heavenhasgranted
me no offspring."
er at a
9 A notorious bore approachedr$(/histl
gathering and launched into conversationwith
"You know, Mr. Whistler, I passedyour house
last night -"
'S7histler.

15 rUfhistlerwas once printing etchings with

the painter Walter Sickert. During the course
of their work, Sickert clumsily dropped one of
the copper plates. "How like you!" said
rWhistler derisively.
A few minutes later, however, the sameaccident befell \Thistler himself. "How unlike
me!" he exclaimed.

"Thank your" said

10 Someoneannoyed by Whistler's constant

self-applausesaid pointedly, "It's a good thing
we can't seeourselvesas others seeus."

'S7histler.
"I know ln
"Isn't it?" responded
),
I would grow intolerably conceited.

my case

16 \ilThistler disliked Joseph Turner's work

and made no secret of his opinion. Someone
once asked him if he would give advice as to
wheth er a certain picture was a genuineTurner
or an imitation. "That is a fine distinctionr"
'S7histler.
said

s83

WHITNEY

presidency
of theRoyalSocie-ty
17 Whistlerns
of BritishArtistswas short-lived.In 1888 he
resignedafter his autocraticwayshad caused
him to quarrelwith most of the members.To
his followershe saidof this debacle,"It is very
simple. The artists retired. The British remained.t'
18 PoetandcriticTheodore\7attsaddedthe
name Dunton, his mother'ssurname'to his
own in !895. Whistler,the deadlyfoe of all
socialpretension,signalizedthe eventwith a
three-word note to his erstwhile friend:
"Theodore,Watts Dunton?"

ideasabout thingsr"I
"Why, I should imagine
t
\Thiteheadreplied.
2 In 1933JamesBryant Conant, who had
made his career in organic chemistry, was
electedpresidentof Harvard.Whiteheadexpressedsurprisethat a chemisthad beenchosen for this post. A colleagueremindedhim
that the greatCharlesW. Eliot (presidentfrom
had alsobegunasa chemist.Said
1,869-1,909)
\Thitehead,"Ah, but he wasa bad chemist."
A" ..'8
WHITELAW, WILIAM [Stephenlan], lst
ViscountWhitelawof Penrith(1918- ),British ConseruatiuepoliticiAn, chairman of the
party (1974-7 5).
Consentatiue

Au e6
WHITE, Andrew Dickson(1832-19L8),US
scholarand uniuersityadministrator.In 1855
hewasappointedfirst presidentof CornellUniuersity.

I At a receptionat the AmericanEmbassy,

Whitelawfound himselfchattingaboutoneof
golf, to a manwhoseface
hisfa"oritepastimes,
seemedvaguelyfamiliar. Sometimelater, he
askeda friend,"Do tell me,who is that AmericanI wastalkingto?He doesn'tappearto have
much senseof humor."
"Bob Hoper" wasthe reply.
Al, -.6

\fhite
I A sticklerfor academicexcellence,
to Cornell'sfootballsqua{
refusedpermission
to travelto a gameagainstMichigan:"I will not
permit thirty mento travelfour hundredmiles
to agitatea bagof wind."
Ar, ..8
ediWHITE, William Allen (1S5S-L944),US
tor and iournalist.

poet.He is
WHITMAN, Walt (1819-92),US
best known for Leavesof Grass(1855),freet)ersepoemsthat expresshis democraticidealism and passionateloueof life.

I "William Allen \fhite once said that his

h"ppy quipsjust seemedto cometo him from
heaven.This one soundslike it; he wasat the
poetry was
I The stir causedby rU7hitman's
1928conventionof the DemocraticParty,and
suchthat somepeoplehailedhim asa prophet
was practicallyforced to attend a dinner for
him
SenatorJim Reed, of Missouri, who was anA1o.
t and othersabused asa monsterof deprav\Thitman
waswalkingpastthe
ity.
One
day,
as
aspirantfor the nomination.TheloneRepubli:"*l
rU7hite
pointed
he
House,
was
out to President
\7hite
hesitated,
then
said,$'
Mr.
present,
can
'I'd betternot. I don't want God to kno- l'-/3/
he looks like a man" was the
Lincoln. "'S(/'ell,
president's
comment.
Aro '.6
Ar, '.8
rtv!'

vv"

vYE'rD

vv$

Dv

'\rrvYt

"''

here."'

WHITEHEAD, Alfred North (1851-1947),

British mathematicianand philosopher.At
with
Cambridgt(1584-1910),he collaborated
Bertrand Russellon Principia Mathematica
(1910-13).After ten yearsas professorof applied mathematicsat tbe Uniuersityof London
(1.914-24),
a cltairof philosophyat
heaccepted
Hantard.

r1
I
I

II

A scholarasked\Thiteheadwhich he believedto be more important,ideasor things.

WHITNEY, Stephen(c. 1850-c. L920),US

businessmAnand cousin of the inuentor Eli
Whitney.A highlysuccessful
speculatorin cotton and real estate,he left a fortune of fifteen
million dollars.
I On hearingthe newsof StephenWhitney's
death, the diarist GeorgeTempleton Strong
commentedthat he had neverusedany of his
moneyfor the benefitof eitherhimselfor anyone else."His last act was characteristicand

STHITNEY

584

fitting," Strongobserved."He locked up his

checkbookand died."
4., ..6
WIENIAWSKI, Henri (1835-80),
Polishuiolinist and composer.He wrotea numberof concertosand studiesfor the uiolin.
I Wieniawskionce played to a half-empty
auditoriumin Bostorl.Despitethepoorattendance,hewasurgedto returnandperformthere
again."Oh, ilo," repliedthe violinist."l'll get
out of the habit of playingin public."
Ar' 48
WI LD, Jonathan(?1682-L725),
Englishcriminal. In debtors'prison he made the acquaintanceof a numberof thienes.
On his release
heset
up a complexsystemfor the disposalof stolen
goodsand nmstermindednumerousrobberies,
using organizedgangsof thieuesand ex-conuicts. He was finally arrestedfo, theft and
hangedat Tyblrn.
| '$fild remaineda criminal literally to his
death.As he steppedup to the gallowsat Tyburn, the unrepentantroguedeftlypickedthe
pocketof thepriestadministering
thelastrites.
He diedwavinghistrophy,a corkscrew,triumphantlyat the crowd below.
Ar, 48
WILDE, Oscar(1"854-1900),
British aesthete,
writer, and wit. He wrotea numberof brilliant
comedies,including Lady \Tindermere'sFan
(1892)and The Importanceof BeingEarnest
(1595),ds wellas poetryand a nouel,The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891).His affair with
Lord Alfted Douglasresultedin a sensational
courtcasein 1895,endingin a two-yearprison
sentencefo, Wilde. From 1897 he liued in
Franceunderan assumedname.
I In thenineteenth-century
Oxford examinations therewasa compulsorydivinitysectiotr,
and candidateswere required to translate
aloudfrom the Greekversionof the New Tesa passage
dealingwith
tament.Wilde,assigned
the Passion,beganto translatefluentlyandacsatisfied,
told him he
curately.The examiners,
could stop. Ignoringthem, he continuedto
in halting
translate.Eventuallytheysucceeded
him."Oh, do let mego orr" t$(lilde
said."I want
to seehow it ends."

2 In 1882 \filde went on a lecturetour of the

United States.A New York customs official
askedif he had anything to declare."No. I have
nothing to declare)'-til(lilde paused-66s>rgspg
my genius."
3 "'sTonderful man, Columbus!" exclaimed
an American eagerto strike up a conversation
with \filde. "Why?" asked\7ilde. "He discovered America," replied the other. tilTildeshook
his head: "Oh tro, it had often beendiscovered
before, but it had always been hushed up."
Compare Mtro ZnooNG 1..
4 Frank Harris, then editor of the Saturday
Reuiew, gave a dinner at the Cafe Royal to
which some of London's most brilliant wits
were invited. Harris dominated the conversation, ignoring all hints to quiet down. Oscar
\filde grew more and more restlessas Harris
told the company about all the great housesat
which he had beena guest.Eventuallyhe broke
in with "Dear Frank, we believeyou; you have
dined in every house in London- once."
{Sir \Tilliam Rothenstein, another guest .
at that dinner, recallsthis as the sole oc- I
casion on which he heard Oscar Wild.;
say an unkind thing. In another versionI
the speakeris rilThistlerand the once-only
diner, Wilde himself.)
5 lil(rildewas asked his opinion of a play that
had been generally accounted a fiasco. "The
play was a great successr"he replied, "but the
audiencewas a disaster."
6 \filde and \Thistler frequently exchanged
insults in a feud that owed more to both parties' addiction to the limelight than to any genuine rancor. "l wish I had saidthat!" exclaimed
Wilde after a particularly scintillating remark
from \Thistler. "You will, Oscar, you willr"
said \Thistler.

feud, )
7 In the courseof theirwell-publicized
rU7histleraccused'$7ilde of plagiarizinghis t
ideason art. Wilde replied:"As for borrowing t
ideasabout art,the only thor- f
Mr. tilThistler's
oughlyoriginalideasI haveeverheardhim e*- I
to hisown superiorityf;
presshavehadreference
asa painteroverpaintersgreaterthanhimself ." fi
'When
8
the poet laureateshipfell vacant on
the death of Tennyson, the names of several

58s
likely candidatescameup frequently.Not included was that of the prolific poetasterSir
LewisMorris. "It's a completeconspiracyof
silenceagainstffir" Morris complainedto
OscarWilde. "What oughtI to do, Oscar?"
'Join it," said\7ilde.
9 Talking to an admirerof Dickens,Wilde
moved his heareralmost to tearsby the eloquence of his enthusiasmfor the master's
powers. And then Wilde concluded,"One
would haveto havea heartof stoneto readthe
deathof Little Nell without laughing."
10 After playingfor some time the role of
Lord Illingworth in rilfilile'splay A Womanof
No lmportance,BeerbohmTree showedsigns
of unconsciouslyadopting the character's
mannerismsin real life. 'V7ildewas delighted
with this phenomenon."Ah, everyd"y dear
Herbert becomesdeplusenplusOscaris6,"he
declared."It is a wonderfulcaseof natureimitating art."
tUilhenasked to make certain changesin
n
one of his plays,Wilde protested: "Who am I
to tamper with a masterpiece?"
12 Wilde was staying with friends at a country house, where his eccentric behavior and
manner of dressstartled his fellow guests.One
morning he came down to breakfast looking
very pale and drawn. "l'm afraid you are ill, Mr.
IU7ilde," remarked another member of the
party. "No, not ill," replied \filde, "only tired.
The fact is, I picked a primrose in the wood
yesterday, andit was so ill I havebeen sitting up
with it all night."
13 Wilde's legal battle with the Marquis of
Queensberry, father of Lord Alfred Douglas,
began when '$(ilde brought a caseof criminal
libel againstthe marquis for publicly accusing
him of sodomy. Shortly after the trial began,
S7ilde met an actor friend, Charles Goodh art,
in Piccadilly Circus, where every newspaper
placard displayed his name and the newsboys
were shouting it on every corner. Goodhart,
feeling embarrassed,talked about the weather.
\(/ilde, however, put him at his ease:"You've
heard of my case?Don't distressyourself. All is
well. The working classesare with me . . . to
a boy."

TTILDE

14 Sbntenced
to two years'hardlabor,Ifilde
stood handcuffedin driving rain waiting for
transportto prison."If this is the way Queen
Victoria treatsher prisoners,"he remarked,
"she doesn'tdeseroe
to haveany."
15 Ada Leverson was a devoted friend of
Oscar \7ilde, who alwayscalled her "Sphinx."
It was she who gave him refuge when he had
nowhere to go to escapethe public scandal
after his first trial in 1895. When Wilde was
releasedfrom prison two years later, she, her
husband, and a very few others went early in
the morning to the house of amurual friend to
greet him before he departed for France.It was
a difficult ordeal for all concerned, but \7ilde
immediately put his friends at their ease.\
"SphinXr" he said as soon as he entered the \
room, "how marvelousof you to know exactly \
the right hat to wear at seven o'clock in the
morning to meet a friend who hasbeenaway." \
16 (Yeats recounts a story he was told of
Ifilde's visit to a brothel in Dieppe after he had
been releasedfrom prison. "Dowson" is the
poet Ernest Dowson.)
"Dowson pressedupon him the necessityof
'more
acquiring a
wholesome taste.' They
emptied their pockets onto the caftable, and
though there was not much, there was enough,
if both heapswere put into one. Meanwhile the
newshad spread,and they setout accompanied
by r cheering crowd. Arrived at their destination, Dowson and the crowd remainedoutside,
and presently t$(lildereturned. He said in a low
voice to Dowson, 'The first theseten years,and
it will be the last. It was like cold mutton' . .
and then aloud, so that the crowd
might hearhim,'But tell it in England,for it will
entirely restore my character.'"
17 \7ilde died of cerebral meningitis in a
hotel in Paris. He was offered and accepteda
drink of champagne,remarking as he did so, "I
am dying beyond my means."
{Another version of this quip is "I
suppose I shall have to die beyond
my meansr" spoken to a doctor who
mentioned an exorbitant fee for an
operation.)

18 Stillanotherversionof rilTilde's
lastwordst I
hashim staringat his shabbyParisbedroo-. I \
He is reputedto havesaid,"Either that wall- I \
I I
papergoes,or I do."

s85

WILDER

A congressmanwas once askedabout his

attitude toward whiskey. "If you mean
the demon drink that poisons the mind,
pollutes the body, desecratesfamily life,
and inflamessinners,then I'm againstit,
But if you mean the elixir of Christmas
cheer, the shield againstwinter chill, the
taxable potion that puts needed funds
into public coffers to comfort little crippled children, then I'm for it. This is my
position, and I will not compromise."

- Mark EdwardLenderand
JamesKirby Martin, Drinking
in America:A History

WILDER, Billy [Samue[(1906- ), US film

directorand screenwriter,born in AustriA.His
filmsincludeSunsetBoulevard(1950),'Witness
(1958),and SomeLike It
for the Prosecution
Hot (1959).
| \Tilder was sent to Berlin at the end of
'$Var
II to help reestablishthe German
World
entertainmentindustry. Having authorized the
resumption of the Oberammergau Passion
Play, he was asked if a certain actor, a known
supporterof the Nazis, could reassumethe role
of Christ, which he had played before the war.
"Certainly," replied Wilder, "rf you use real
nails."
2 Before their marriage,Wilder's wife lived in
a rather shabby p^rt of town, and \il7ilderdisliked havingto pick her up there for a date."I'd
worship the ground you walked or," he told
her, "if only you lived in a better neighborhood."
3 \Tilder was going to Europe for the opening of Some Like It Hot His wife, who had
recently returned from a trip to Paris, asked
him to sendback someCharvet ties for afriend
and a bidet for herself.A couple of weekslater,
Wilder cabled from France: "Charvet ties on
way but impossible to obtain bidet. Suggest
handstand in shower."
t

I,
E
I
I

4 Wilder was asked by iournalist to name

"
his personal favorite among his many films.
" Some Like It Hot," he replied instantly. The
tilTilderhad not
iournalist was surprised that

suchasSunsetBoule-f
namedoneof hisclassics,
Billy,"but i
uard."A nicelittle picture," agreed
in thosedaysI wasn'tvgettinga percentageof I
I

thegross."r

5 Wilder had some difficulty understanding i

the concept of existentialism,evenwhen it wasr
explained-to him by Jean-PaulSartre himself.\ --.
His researchinto the subject, however, gave\ I
him the idea for a new film. "lt's a greatbi'or,"i i
he said enthusiastically."This boy falls in lovef
with his mother and marriesher. They live toJ
gether quite happily until one dty he learnsthaf
in. isn'i his moiher. So he commits suicide.'f
As, aB
WILDING, Michael (L91'2-79),British Actor.
His films include SailorsThree (1940)' Piccadilly Incident (1946),and Spring in Park Lane

(le48).
I Wilding was once asked whether actors
had any distinguishingfeatures that set them
apart from other human beings. "'Without a
doubtr" he replied. "You can pick out actors
by the glazedlook that comes into their eyes
when the conversation wanders away from
themselves."
6s, e4
PAULINE
HELENA
WILHELMINA
MARIA (1830-1962), queen of the Netherlands (1590-1948); mother of Queen luliana,
who came to the tbrone after Wilbelmina's abdication in 1948 and reigneduntil 1980.
I
I At a meeting with \Tilhelm II during \forld
'War
I, Que.tt rUflilhelminawas not intimidatedX
by the kaiser's exaggerated boasts. "O.tt1fi
guardsmenr"he declared,"ate sevenfeet t-"I!."NI
"And when we open our dikes," replied thefi I
queen,"the waters are ten feet deep."
\ I
{For similar quantitative combat see rt
I \'
jel"rEs rWersoN GTnARD L ')
As, q8
WILKES, John (1'725-97), British politician
and iournalist. He becameA member of Parliamen'tin 1757, wls arrestedfor libel in L753, and
was outlawed the following year. Returning in
1768 from Paris, where he had liued in exile, he
was t;wice electedMP for Middlesex, but was
preuented
from taking his seatuntil 1774-As an
-MP,
he secured important political freedoms

587
with respect to the liberty of the pressand the
indiuidual and the conduct of elections.
I A voter once answered Wilkes's canvass
with the words: "I'd sooner vote for the devil
than you."
"And if your friend isn't standingl" inquired
\il(ilkes.

2 A RomanCatholicwasarguingwith\Tilkes
about religion."'Wherewas your religionbefore Luther?"askedthe Catholic."Did you
washyour facethismorning?"rejoined\(ilkes.
\(/hen his opponentsaidthat he had, \flilkes
went oo, "Then, pt"y, where was your face
beforeit waswashed?"
3 As the popular leader of the London mob,
Wilkes was often honored by having public
housesnamedafter him and their signspainted
with his picture. A lady, seeingone of these
signs hanging out over the street, remarked,
"Wilkes swings everywhere but where he
ought."
4 Aftei" James Boswell had dined with the
sheriffs and judges at a formal dinner at London's Old Bailey law courts, he complained
that his pocket had been picked and his handkerchief stolen. "Poohr" said \filkes, "this is
nothing but the ostentation of a Scotsmanto
let the world know that he had possesseda
pocket handkerchief."
5 After 1,786,when Wilkes became a supporter of Pitt, and hence of the government,
the Vhigs liked to taunt him for his fickleness.
The Prince of S7ales,I7ilkes's b4te noire, one
evening recited to him Sheridan's mocking
'Johnny
verses beginning,
Wilkes, Johnny
\ilfilkes, You greatestof bilks." I7ilkes waited
for revengeuntil a gathering at Carlton House,
when the prince called for toasts.Knowing the
prince's loathing for his father and his glee at
the king's illness, \Tilkes gave the toast: "The
king; long life to him."
"Since whenr" sneeredthe prince, "have you
been so anxious about my parent's health?"
"Since I had the pleasure of Your Royal
Highness'sacquaintancer"replied \Tilkes with
a most courteous bow.
6 Wilkes dined one night with the Earl of
Sandwich in London's Covent Garden, tt the
famous Beef SteakClub. After afair amounr ro

WILLIAM

drink Lord Sandwichsaidto Wilkes, "I have

would bring
often wonderedwhat catastrophe
you to your end; I think you must die of the
pox or the halter." "My lord," repliedr07ilkes
"that will dependon whether
instantaneously,
I embraceyour lordship'smistressor your
"
lordship'sprinciples.
{This retoft hasalso beenattributed to
SamuelFoote, speakingto Lord Sandwich, and, quite improbably,to Benjamin Disraeli,speakingto Gladstone.)
Ar, 44
WILLARD, Frances Elizabeth Caroline
(1839-98), US educatorand reformer, Actiue in the causesof temperance,u.tomen's
rights, and industrial codes fo, tt)omen. In
1879 she becamepresident of the national
Women'sCbristian TemperanceUnion, and
in 1,888presidentof the National Council of
Women.
I FrancesWillard, a graduateof the North
\U7estern
FemaleCollegein Evanston,Illinois,
spentthe formativeyearsof her careerthere.
Although she died in New York, she always
plannedto returnto Evanstonto die.Knowing
shewas mortally ill, she said,"'When I reach
heaven,I want to registeras from Evanston."
CompareRerPH \WALDoEunnsoN 7.
A.' {6
WILLES, Sir John (1685-1751),British law!r, lord chiefiustice(1737-67).
I Rumors of irregularconduct in the lord
chiefjustice'shouseholdbecameso rife that a
dissentingclerg-yman
decidedto talk with him
andperhapsbringhim to repentance.
After approachingthe matter in a roundaboutwry,
which \il7illesaffectednot to understand,the
clergymancameto the point: "They saythat
one of your maidseryants
is now with child."
"'What'sthat to me?"said\7illes.
"But theysaysheis with child by your lordship."
"'$7hat'sthat to you?"
Ar, {6
WILLIAM I ['$filliamthe Conqueror](102787), king of England(1055-87).As Duke of
Normandy,William hada tenuousclaimto the
Englishtbrone,which he assertedon the death

588

TTILLIAM I

of Edward the Confessor.He defeatedand

killedhisAnglo-Saxonriual,King Harold,at the
banleof Hastings(1055)and imposedNorman
rule throughoutEngland.
1 Leadinghir arml of invasionashoreat PeEngland,\Ufilliamstumbled
venseyin southeast
menaroundhim exandfell.The superstitious
claimedat the bad omen,but tilTilliamquickly
stoodup and,holdingout his muddiedhands,
cried,"By the splendorof God I havetaken
possession
of my realm;the earthof Englandis
in my two hands."
{A similaranecdoteis told of JuliusCaesar'slandingin Africa.)
Ar, 48
king of Prussia
WILLIAM I (1797-1888),
(1551-88)andemperorof Gelmany(1871-S8).
During his reign,guidedby Bismarck,Germany
was united underthe leadershipof Prussia.
I At a Berlin subscription ball, open to those
of lesser rank as well as to high society, the
emperor noticed his court tailor and greeted
him amiably:"A lovely ball, isn't it?" The tailor
bowed deeply, observing in a tone of servility,
"These balls, Your Majesty, seem to draw a
somewhat more mixed group of guests than
formerly." The emperor smiled, then said,
"True, but what can we do about it? \(re can't
invite tailors only."
2 Daily at noon the emperor would station
himself at the corner window of his Berlin palace and show himself to the thousandsof subjects and visitors who came to pay homage to
this embodiment of imperial power. During his
later years as his health declined, his doctors
were emphatic in beseeching him not to
weaken himself with this daily activity. It was
in fact difficult for the old emperor, but he
refused to obey his doctors. "No, there's no
help for it. My daily appearance is listed in
Baedeker."
Ar, 48
'GerWILTIAM II (1859-1941), emperor of
made
he
(188S-1918).
accession
his
On
many
plain his determinationto build Germany into a
great power under Prussian hegemony.Kaiser
Bill, as he uas called, clashed with Britain ouer
its colonial possessionsin Africa, and his support for Austria-Hungary after the assassina-

tions at Saraieuo(1914) inuolued Germany in

'WorldWar
I. After Germany's defeathe liued in
exile in the Netherlands.
I As part of his program to build up the German travl, the kaiser himself designed a warship. I7hen the plans were complete, he sent
them to the Italian minister of the marine, Admiral Brin, who was then considered the
world's leading naval architect. In due course
the admiral's report was transmitted to the
kaiser.The ship would easilyoutgun any existing battleship;its rangeand speedwere likewise
far in excessof any other vessel.Moreover, its
internal arrangementswere so well thought out
that everyonesailingin it, from the commander
to the humblest cabin boy, would find it a miracle of convenience and efficiency. The only
problem, the report concluded, was that if the
ship were actually put in the water it would
sink like a lump of lead.
6s' qE
III (1550-1702), king of EnWILLIAM
gland (1559-1702) and Stadholder of the
United Prouinces (1572-1702). In 1577 he
married James II's daughter Mary ft552-94)
and in 1.688ioined the opposition to his fatherin-law. After the Glorious Reuolution he wAs
proclaimed ioint raler, with Mary, of England.
I During a journey by carriagethrough a village not far from Windsor, a woman who was
determined to seethe king pressedup closeto
the window to peer at the occupant. Having
satisfiedher curiosity, she stepped back and
remarked, "ls that the king? My husband is a
handsomer man than he." King William overheardher, leanedout, and said,"Good woman'
do not speakso loud. Pray considerthat I am a
widower."
As, q8
WILLIAMS, TENNESSEE [Thomas Lanier
rVilliams] (191'1-83), US dramatist. His bestknown works include the partly autobiographical The Glass Menagerie (1945), A Streetcar
Named Desire (1947), and Cat on a Hot Tin
Roof (1955).
L Newspaperreports in L96Lannouncedthat
tilTilliamshad decided not to attend any further
sessionswith his psychoanalyst.Asked the reason for this decision, the playwright replied,

s89

wtLSoN, stR HAROLD

"He was meddling too much in my private

life."
{According to his biographer, Donald
Spoto, \Tilliams was not aware of the
humor in his reply.)

words for which he will be remembered:

"'What was good for the country was good
for GeneralMotors, and viceversa.The differencedid not exist."

2 One d^y Williams and one of his leading

ladies,SylviaMiles, were walking through Piccadilly when Sylvia saw a very thin young girl.
She whispered to Williams, "Oh, Tennessee,
look - anorexia nervosar" and without the
slightesthesitation he shot back, "Oh, Sylvia,
you know everybody!"
(He appreciated his own joke; it appeared later in Clotbes fo, a Summer
Hotel.)

WILSON, Edmund(1895-1972),
US literary
critic and essayist.

3 (When Williams received the gold medal

for dtama from the National Institute of Ans
and Letters, his brief acceptancespeechconsistedalmost entirely of an anecdote:)
"One time, Maureen Stapleton received a
phone call from a friend who said that so-andso was getting married, and the caller said,
'Why
is she marrying that man, you know he is
a homosexualr'andMaureen said,'Well, what
about the bride?'And the caller said, '\U7ell,of
coursewe know she'sa lesbian.And you know
they're not even being married by a realminister, but by one who's been defrocked!' And
Maureen said, '\Ufiil you do me one favor?t$fill
you pleaseinvite TennesseeWilliams? Because
he'll s?y, "Oh, they're just plain folks!" "'

.
$'
.5
g

! + The plapvright once visitedthe fabulous

\thirty-nine-roomGramercyPark home of the
collecIfamouspublicistand art-and-celebrity
Accordingto Ben
Jtor BenjaminSonnenberg.
lSonnenberg,Jt.'s account, \Tilliams, after
f beingshownthroughthe ornaremansion,relpaired to the bathroo', stayedthere briefly,
\andwaslaterheardro say,"lt lookedsoshabby
lwhenI took it out, I couldn'tgo."
6r' -8
WILSON, CharlesErwin (1890-1,961),US
industrialist. He becamepresident of General
Motors Corporationin 1941and u)asIJSsecretary of dtfense(1953-57).
| \7ilson, presidenrof GeneralMotors, was
nominatedby President
Eisenhower
to be secretaryof defense.At his Senateconfirmarion
hearing, Wilson uttered perhaps the only

Ar, {6

I Like all successfulwriters, $Tilson was

besetby peoplewantinghisadviceor helpin all,
mannerof literaryand other marters.To deal
with the flood of lettershe had the following
postcardprinted: "Edmund Wilson regrets
that it is impossiblefor him ro: Readmanuscripts,write articlesor books to order,write
forewordsor introductions,makestatements
for publicitypurposes,
do anykind of editorial
work, judgeliteraryconrests,give interviews,
takepart in writers'conferences,
answerquestionnaires,contributeto or takepart in symposiumsor'panels'or anykind,contributemanuscriptsfor sales,donatecopiesof his booksto
libraries,autographworks for strangers,
allow
his nameto be usedon letterheads,
supplypersonalinformationabout himself,supplyopinionson literary or othersubjects."He wasthen
pesteredby peoplewho wroreto him simplyin
order to obtaina copy of the postcard.
Ar, {6
WILSON, Sir Harold (1,916- ), British
statesman;l^abourprime minister (1954-70,
1974-76).After a careerAsa gouerrrment
economist, be becamea memberof Parliament.In
1963he becameLabour leaderand the following year prime minister. His administration
was increasinglydoged by economicand in- t
dustrial relationsproble/ns.
I At a rally in the mid-1960s,\il7ilsonwas
interrupted by a cry of "Rubbish!" from a
hecklerar the back of the crowd. withour
missinga beat,Wilson replied:"'S7e'lltake up
your specialinterestin a moment,sir."
2 On one occasionduring Harold \$Tilson's
administration,tilTillieHamilton, the vociferous memberfor Fife Central,haranguedthe
prime minister for his indecisivenesion the
issueof Britain'sentryinto the EuropeanCommon Market. "First we'rein, then we're outr"
cried the irate Labour member."It's exactly
like coitusinterruptus."The House,stunned

590

ITILSON, SIR HAROLD

into silence,
eruptedwith laughterwhena Tory
membershouted,"\7ithdraw."
A+ q8
WILSON, Harriette (1786-1,846),British
courtesan.She had a seriesof distinguished
louers and acquaintancesin English high
society.
I Around 1820 Harriette, finding herself
shortof money,decidedto write hermemoirs.
The enterprisewas widely publicized,Harriettemakingno secretof the factthat shewas
namingnames.Someformer "friends" were
ableto buy themselves
out of the narrativeby
substantialcashpayments.The Duke of \7ellington, otr beingofferedsuch a deal,is said
to have respondedwith "Publish and be
damned!"Harriettedid publish;the publisher
sold thirty editionsof the book within a year.
Ar, 44
WILSO N, Richard(I7 14-82),Welsbpainter.
He trainedas a portraitist, but after a uisit to
Italy in the 1750schangedhis interestto landHe becamethefirst notableBritishlandscapes.
scapepainter.
painting
1 The Italiantradition of landscape
were
and the beautiesof the Italianlandscape
the factorsthat causedWilson'schangeof allegiancein mid-career.
On a visit to the famous
waterfallat Terni,he is saidto haveexclaimed,
"'Well-donewater- bv God!"
Al, ..6
WILSON, lThomas]Woodrow(L856-1.924),
US statesman;presidentof PrincetonUniuersity(1902-10);gouernorof New Jersey(191113);28th presidentof the UnitedStates(1913position in the
21).After maintaininga neutral
'Wilson
euentually
first yearsof World War I,
(1917)broughtthe United Statesinto the conflict, following upon Germansubmarineoutrages.His FourteenPoints, incorporatedinto
the Treaty of Versailles,laid thefoundationfor
the Leagueof Nations.
1 As presidentof PrincetonUniversity,\filsonwasonceinterrogatedat lengthby an anxious mother who wanted to be sure that
Princetonwasthe bestplaceto sendher son.
"Madamr" said Wilson, his patience ex-

hausted,"we guaranteesatisfactionor you will

get your son back."
2 One afternoon during his time as governor
of New Jersey,Wilson received news of the
suddendeath of apersonalfrien draNewJersey
senator.He was still recoveringfrom the shock
when the telephone rang again.It was a prominent New Jersey politician. "Governor," he
said,"I would like to take the senator'splace."
Wilson replied, "It's perfectly agreeableto me
if it's agreeableto the undertaker."
3 Shortly after the L glzpresidential election,
rUfilsonvisited an agedaunt whom he had not
seenfor some time. "What are you doing these
days, \Toodrow?" she asked. "l've just been
elected presidentr" replied \filson. "Oh, yes?
Presidentof what?" inquired the aunt. "Of the
United States." The old lady snorted impatiently. "Don't be silly!" she said.
4 President\Wilson had refused to receivea
deputation of lrish-American leaders headed
by the agitator Daniel F. Cohalan.Wilson's private secretary, Joseph P. Tumulty, aware of
Cohalan'sgreatinfluence,tried to persuadethe
president to changehis mind. "Think what a
terrible impressionit will make on his followers
if you don't," he said. "That's iust what I
wanted it to do," replied \7ilson, "but I think
it will make a good impression on decent
people,"
5 During the Versailles peace negotiations,
\il7ilsonopposed the ceding of the Adriatic pon
of Fiume to Italy. The head of the Italian delegation, V. E. Orlando, argued eloquently that
Italy's right to the city was undeniable,sinceits
language, population, and cultural affinities
were all predominantly ltalian. "I hope you
won't pressthe point in respectto New York
City," countered Wilson, "or you might feel
like claiming a sizable piece of Manhattan
Island."

4., 48
Shelley [Shirley Schrift]
WINTERS,
(1922- ), USactressof stage,screen,and teleuision,celebratedmainly for her comedyroles
andhercandor.Her manyfilmsincludeADouandThe
bleLife (1948),A Patchof Blue(1955),
PoseidonAdventure(1972).

59r

WOLFE

I Al Horwits workedat onetime for UniverOneof

salPicturesin thepublicitydepaftment.
'Winters.
his clients was the young Shelley
Scheduledto meeta certainItalianproducer,
she called Honvits to get some background
information. Said Horwits, "He's a terrible
wolf. He'll tear the clothesoff your back."
"So I'll wearan old dress,"saidShelley.
Ar, -.6
rabbi,
Samuel(1874-1949),US
WISE,Stephen
born in Hungary.In 1907he foundedthe Free
in Neu York City. He was also the
Synagogue
founderand presidentof theJewishInstituteof
Religion.
I1

Having acceptedan invitation to addressan

anti-N azimeetingin Brooklyn, \fise receiveda
number of threatening letters. Undaunted, the
rabbi attended the meeting as scheduled and
opened his speechwith the words: "I have been
warned to stay away from this meeting under
pain of being killed. If anyone is going to shoot
Er*.t.

vr

vv.!.t'

-:---vy.

-^

---J

--

i melet him do it now. I hateto beinterrupted."

4., .'.6
WODEHOUSE, Sir P[elham] G[renville]
(188I-L975), British humorousnouelistwho
liued much of his life abroad, becominga US
citizen in 1955. His most famouscharacters
includeBertie Wooster,An upper-chssidiot of
1920suintage,and his impeccable
mansewant
leeues.Wodehouse'sfriends calledhim Plum.
I EthelrU(lodehouse
wasa naruralpartygiver,
and on occasionher inclinationswereallowed
to overridePlum's.Once when Ethel gavea
pafty, someguestsarrived rather late. tU7hen
they rangthe bell, the front door wasopened
not by the butler but by Plum. He suryeyed
them carefully and, recognizing them as
friends,put out both handsin a gestureto push
them away."Don't comeinr" he said,"don't
comein. You'll hateit!"
2 \U7odehouse's
terror of casualhumancontacts assumedalmost pathologicalproportions. The Wodehouseswere looking for an
'S7odeapaftmentin New York, and as Mrs.
housewas dbout to go out to continuethe
searchher husbandcalledher back."Get one
on the ground floorr" he said. "\Vhy?" she

asked. "l never know what to say to the lift

boyr" was the answer.
3 On a visit to the zoo \Todehousewandered
into the monkey houseand was confronted by
a ferocious-looking monkey. For a while the
two stared at one another. Finally the monkey
turned and stalked off, revealing for the first
time its scarlet, purple, and orange behind.
Plum shook his headsadly."That monkey," he
declared, "is wearing its club colors in the
wrong place,"
Al, ..6
WOFFINGTON, Peg(c. 1714-60),Irish actress. She excelled in Restoration comedies,
often taking male roles,and was mistressof and
leading lady for Dauid Garrick.
I After one of her triumphs in a "breeches"
part, Peg\foffington withdrew backstage,szying exultantly, "Half the pit really took me for
a man.tt

"'What's the good of that, when the other

half knows preciselythe opposite?"said one of
her female colleagues.
Alo ..6

WOLF, Hugo (1850-1903),Austrian composer.A discipleof Wagner,he composedmore

thantwo hundredsongs,
theoperaDer Corregidor (1895),and a number of instrumental
works.
I In 1897, \U7olfwent mad and was committed to an asylum. He was still sane enough,
however, to be aware of his condition. "Is that
clock right?" he once asked,pointing to a large
clock that hung in the dining room of the asylum. "As far as I knowr" replied one of the
attendants. "Then what's it doing here?" inquired \Ufolf.

6r, -8
WOLFE, James(1727-59),Britishsoldierwho
diedleadingtheattackon Quebecin whichBritain seizedthe city from tbe Frenchduring the
SeuenYeArs'War.
| \7olfe's energyand self-confidence
did nor
endearhim to his fellow commanders.
One of
themcomplainedto KingGeorgeII that tUfolfe
was mad. "Mad, is he?" said the monarch.

592

WOLFE

\"Then I wish he'd bite some of my other

jgenerals."
I {SeeUryssESS. GneNr 5 for Lincoln's
remarkabout his general.)
Ar, e8
WOODBRIDGE, FrederickJamesEugene
(L857-1940),US professor,born in Canada.
He becameprofessorof philosophyat Columbia Uniuersityin L902and wts alsodeanof the
facultiesof political science,philosophy,and
(1912-29).
purescience
I Oneof Woodbridge'sformerstudentsrecollectsstrollingon the campuswith the distinguishedphilosopher.The deanremarkedre"The Cathedralof Chartreswasbuilt
flectively,
by the spirit of the Virgin; the Universityof
Virginiawasbuilt by the visionof ThomasJefferson;Columbiawas built by McKim, Mead
and'White."

Parker'sposition in American letters is such as

to make shamefulthe petty refusalswhich she
and Alan haveencounteredat many hotels,restaurants, and department stores. \fhat if you
never get paid?\ilfhy shouldn't you stand your
shareof the expense?"
3 Woollcott was constantlyreferredto in the
Broadway and literary columns. At one stage,
the popular columnist Walter \Tinchell quoted
a whole seriesof jokes and wisecrackshe attributed to Woollcott. In fact, they had been
made up by Inring Mansfield,whom Woollcott
had hired for the pu{pose.Mansfield,who later
became a well-known television producer,
soon ran out of funny things to sdl, and \7inchell's column no longer contained bons mots
attributed to Woollcott. After a couple of
weeks \Toollcott sent Mansfield a telegram:
"Dear Inring, whatever happenedto my sense
of humor?"

4., q8
WOOLLCOTT, Alexander (1887- 1,943),U S
writer, drama critic, broadctster, and New
York wit.
'War
I,
I In his early yearsof servicein \U7orld
as a sergeantin the Medical Corps, Woollcott
and his outfit camped at Le Mans in appalling
conditions. The tents leaked,and the men were
obliged to put up their rickety beds in muddy
pools of rainwater. Shortly aftenvard, \7oollcott was transferred to the Paris office of The
Stars and Stripes, the US army newspaper.He
spent the remaining war years in luxury, fre'
quenting the boulevard cafesand dining at the
Ritz each evening.After the Armistice he h"ppened to meet one of his former colleagues
from the Medical Corps. "You made an awful
mistake leaving our unit when you didr" said
the soldier."The week afteryou went, they put
wooden floors in our tents."
2 Opening an account at a New York department store, Dorothy Parker and her new husband, Alan Campbell, cited \Toollcott as a refThey were
erencefor their financialreliability.
'Woollcott's
ensoon to regret their choice.
dorsement read: "Mr. Alan Campbell, the
presenthusband of Dorothy Parker, has given
his attempt to open
my name as a rcferencein'We
all hope you will
an account at your store.
extend this credit to him. Surely Dorothy

4 On seeingplaywright Moss Hart's sumptuous country mansionand landscapedgrounds,

lilToollcott remarked, 'Just what God would
have done if he had the money."
5 The writer Ludwig Lewisoht, of Jewish
to Woollcott about getting
stock, complained
'Woollcott
remarked, "Ludwig
a bad review.
thinks he gets bad reviews becausethe critics
are anti-Semitic.Actually it's becauseLudwig
has halitosis."
6 While \(/oollcott was a regularcontributor
rc The New Yorker, he attendeda dinner party
in London at which the guestof honor was the
Prince of Wales, the future Edward VIII. The
ladieshad left the room and the gentlemenhad
started on their port and cigars, when the
prince intimated that he would like a few
words in private with Mr. I7oollcott. The gentlemen withdrew after the ladies, leaving
rilToollcott tOte-i-tte with royalty, his head
filled with visions of splendid commissions
from the prince. "l understand, Mr. Woollcott, that you have something to do with that
States,The New Yorker,"
m gazinefrom the'Woollcott
admitted that he
began the prince.
had. "Then why the devil don't I get it more
regularly?"demandedHis Highness."Do look
inio it, will you?" Then they ioined the rest of
the party.

s93

!7REN

7 After \Toollcott gave a lecture in a midwestern town, 4D elderly lady approached him
and told him that his lecture had given her
much pleasure."Andr" she went otr, "I was
encouraged to speak to you becauseyou said
that you loved old ladies."
"Yes, I do," replied lilToollcott, "but I also
like them your age."
8 Childless himself, the redoubtable Alexander Woollcott was, on nineteen occasions,
godparent to the children of friends. At the
baptism of Mary MacArthur, daughter of
Charles MacArthur and Helen Hayes, tilToollcott was heard to exclaim with characteristic
gusto: "Always a godfather, never a god!"
Ar, 48

WORDSWORTH, William (1770-1850),

English Romantic poet. After leauing Cambridgehe went on a walking tour in Europe.
While in France(1791-92),he had an affair
with a Frenchgirl; AnnetteVallon,by whom he
had a daughter.At that time he was fired with
enthusiasmfor tbe idealsof the FrenchReuolution. In 1,795Wordsworth,markinga new era
in Englishpoetry, met Coleridge.The Lyrical
Ballads(1798)wAstheoutcom'e
of theircollaboration. Vordsworth senledwith his wife and
his sisterin the EnglishLake district, wherehe
liued the rest of his life. Here he wrote The
Prelude,not publisheduntil afterhis death.
I As Wordsworth'spoeticarterieshardened,
he becamean ardentpatriot and an establishmentfigure.At a gatheringat which the youthful JohnKeatswaspresent,Keatsattemptedto
breakinto Wordsworth'smonologuewith an
enthusiasticagreementwith what the older
poetwassaying.Mrs. lilTordsworth
leanedover
and checkedhim. "Mr. \Wordsworthis never
interruptedr"shewhispered.
2 Wordsworth boastedin CharlesLamb's
hearing,"I couldwrite like Shakespeare
if I had
a mind to."
"So it's only the mind that'slackingr"murmuredLamb.
3 At the time when \ilTordsworthand Tom
Moore werethe heroesof London literarysociety,both wereinvitedro a receptionat which
Moore promptlybecamethe centerof attraction, monopolizingthe guests'artentionwith

his wit and gaiety.The hostessnoticed Wordsworth standing on the fringes of the group,
looking a little sour. "Oh, Mr. \Wordsworth,"
she said, thinking to draw him into the fun,
"isn't Mr. Moore amusing?He sayssuch entertaining things."
"Very amusing; very entertainingr" said
Wordsworth glumly. "You know I have only
once in my life ever said anything very amusing." The hostessclappedher handsfor silence
and asked \Tordsworth to repeat that mot for
the guests,who all fell silent and waited expectantly. "l was walking along near Grasmerer"
Wordsworth began, "when I met a dalesman
who appearedto be looking for something,and
when he saw me the man hurried over and
asked me if I had seenhis wife an) Mherealong
the road. And you know what I said?I said,'My
good man, I didn't even know that you had a
wife.' That was the one time in my life that I
have ever said anything very amusing."

A'' -.5
WORSLEY,"Gump"llorne](1,929-), Caplayer.
nadianice-hockty
I In 1,963 the New York Rangers traded
Worsley to the Montreal Canadiens for
Jacques Plante. A television producer called
both men to ask them ro appear on a spofts
show to discussthe controversial deal. Plante
asked how much he would be paid. The producer said that guestson the show were not
usually paid, but he was prepared to make a
payment to each man of fifty dollars. Planre
'Worsley.
then telephoned
"Are they paying
you a hundred dollars too?" he demandedsus'Sforsley.
piciously. "Yeahr" said
Plante then
telephoned the producer again. "'W'hy are you
paying Gump a hundred bucks and me only
fifty?" he asked. The producer protested that
he was not, and managed to convince Plante
that each man was gerring only fifty dollars.
Planteshowed up for the program, \il7orsleydid
not. Plante then gor in touch with'V7orsley ro
ask why he had not appeared."'Why should I?"
exclaimed !7orsley. "They were paying you a
hundred dollars and me only fifty."
Ar, '.S
WREN, Sir Christopher (1632-1723), British
architect, mAthematician, and astronomer. He
designedmany new buildings, the greatestbeing
St. Paul's Cathedral in London.

\
"-

594

\TREN

| \ilhen Wren designedthe insideof Windsor Town Hall, his ceilingwas supportedby
pillars.The buildinginspectorsfelt he had not
put up enough.Wren felt differently.He put in
four more pillars that did not actuallytouch
the ceiling;theyonly lookedasif theydid.The
inspectorswerefooled, and the four fake pillarssdll stand.
Ar, ..6
arWRIGHT, FrankLloyd (1869-1955),US
chitect.He producedstrikingly originaldesigns
for both priuatedwellingsand public buildings,
includingthe lmperial Hotel, Tokyo, and the
GugenheimMuseumof Art, New York.
I In 1937,Wrightbuilt a housein Wisconsin
for industrialistHibbardJohnsonand his family. One rainy eveningJohnsonwas entertainguestsfor dinnerwhen
ing somedistinguished
the roof began to leak. The water seeped
through the ceiling directly above Johnson
himself,drippingsteadilyonto the top of his
baldhead.Irate,heput a callthroughto Wright
in Phoenix,Arizona. "Frankr" he said,"yo,t
built this beautifulhousefor me and we enjoy
it verymuch.But I havetold you theroof leaks,
and right now I am with somefriendsand distinguishedguestsand it is leakingright on top
of my head."Wright's replywasheardby all.
"Well, Hibr" he said,"*hy don't you move
your chair?"
{This anecdoteis told by SamuelC.
Johnsoo,x memberof the Johnsonfamily, famous wax manufacturers.It appearsin a brochureissuedby theJohnson
Foundation.)
2 In 1930novelistRexStoutbuilt a fourteenroom house,with hisown hands,on a hilltop in
Danbue/,Connecticut.Laterhe invitedFrank
Lloyd \Tright out to seeit andwaitedpatiently
for hisevaluation.Wright examinedit carefully
should
andthensaid,"A superbspot.Someone
build a househere."
Al, {S
WRIGHT, Orville (1871-L948)and Wilbur
(I8 67 -L9L2)rUSpioneerauiators.I n D ecember

1903theymadethefirst poweredflightat Kitty

Hawb North Carolina.
| \Vearyof explainingthe principlesof their
Flyer's performanceto the inquisitive, the
Wright brothers said simply, "The airplane
staysup becauseit doesn't havethe time to
fall."
Ar, ..6
BritWYCHERLEY, William (1640-171,5),
such
ish playwright.His scintillatingcomedies,
As The Country Wife (1573)and The Plain
Dealer (?1574),satirized the manners and
moralsof Restorationsociety.
I Onedty when\Tycherleyanda friendwere
in a bookstorethey overhearda fashionable
the booksellerif he had
young lady asking
'sfycherley's
friend at once
The Plain Dealer.
pushedhim acrossto the ladyandsaid,"Here,
madam,is the PlainDealerhimself."The lady
turned out to be the widowed Countessof
Drogheda. She and Wycherley exchanged
compliments,and as they partedshesaid,"I
love plain dealingbest of a11."Acting on this
hint, \Tycherleywooed her in the mannerapandthey
provedby the heroesof his comedies
marriedin 1,580.
Ar, qE
WYLIE, Elinor (1885-L928),US poet and
nouelist.
I The novelistandshort-storywriter Katherine Anne Porterwasrousedfrom sleepby the
On the stepwas Elinor
doorbellat 4:00
Wylie, who announced, "I have stood the
crassnessof the world as long as I can and I am
going to kill myself. You are the only person in
ihe world to whom I wish to say goodbye."
Since at the time Elinor Wylie was richly endowed with all the material advantages her
friend lacked, Katherine Anne Porter was not
disposed to be sympathetic. "Elinorr" she
said, "it was good of you to think of me.
Goodbye."

As,Xd
XERXES (died 465 nc), King of Persia
(455-455 nc), who led the great Persian expedition against Greece in 480 nc. The Bible calls
him Abasuerus.

l-l

I Xerxes, surveying the great army he had

assembledfor the invasion of Greece,seemed
at first very h"ppy, but presently began to
weep, "I am moved to pityr" he said, "when I
think of the brevity of human life, seeingthat
of all this host of men not one will still be alive
in a hundred years'time."

2 On his retreat from GreeceXerxes boarded

a Phoenicianship to transport him back to Asia
Minor. On the way a fearful storm blew up and
the ship seemedlikely to founder, especiallyas

it was overloaded with Persianswho had accompanied Xerxes.The king asked the pilot if
there was any hope of safety. The man replied
that there was none, unlessthe ship's load was
substantiallylightened. Xerxes then turned to
the Persianson deck and said,"lt is on you that
my safetydepends.Now let some of you show
your regardfor your king." A number of those
who heard him made obeisance to him and
then threw themselvesoverboard. Thus lightened, the ship came safely to harbor.
After he landed Xerxes immediately ordered
that a golden crown be presentedto the pilot
for presenringthe king's life; however, he also
commandedthat the man's head should be cut
off, as he had causedthe loss of so many Persian lives.

As,Y q8
YEATS, William Butler (18d5-I939),Irish
poetandplaywright.His earlypoemsreflectthe
decadentromanticmood of 1890spoetry,but
his maturework, much of which appearedin
The Tower (1928) and The Winding Stair
(1929),dealspowerfullywith tragic themesold dge,the impermanence
of humanendean)or,
and tbe biner choicesin Irish history. With
I-,adyGregoryhe founded (1904) the Abbey
Theatre,Dublin, and wrote many playsfor it.
| (Yeatshad a lifelonginterestin the occult.
The conversationcenteredon this topic when
LouisMacNeiceandE. R. Dodds,professorof
Greek at Oxford, went to tea with him in
1934.)
"He talkeda greatdealabout the spiritsto
whom his wife, being a medium, had introducedhim. 'Haveyou everseenthem?'Dodds
asked (Dodds could never keep back such
questions).
Yeatswas a little piqued.No, he
said grudgingly,he had never actually seen
them . . but - with a flashof triumph- he
had often smeltthem."
2 In the 1930sa certainDr. Steinachclaimed
to be ableto rejuvenateagingmen by implanting new sex glands.Yeats read a pamphlet
about this treatment and was impressed
enoughto askhisphysicianasto the advisability of the operation.\il7henthe physicianrefusedto commithimself,Yeatswent aheadand
had the operationin London in May t934.
Back in Dublin he was fully convincedof the
success
of the treatment.His friend Oliver St.
John Gogarty,also a doctor by training,was
Yeatscloselyaboutit.
appalledandquestioned
"What was wrong with you?" Gogarty inquired."f usedto fall asleepafterlunchr" replied Yeats.
Fr, -6

YOSHIDA, Shigeru(1878-1967),Japanese
politiciAn.Hauingsentedin a numberof foreign
capitalsbeforeWorldWarII, hebecame
foreign
minister in 1945and prime minister in May
1945,as the new headof the Liberalparty.
I Yoshidawasambassador
to Englandin the
late1930s.Anxiousto avoida certainJapanese
cabinetministerwho wasvisitingLondon, he
told his staff:"\U7henever
that manphones,tell
him I'm out." The orderwasobeyed;the ministertried in vainon severaloccasionsto reach
the ambassador.
Suspicious,
he decidedto call
at the embassy
in person.He happenedto pass
Yoshidain the foyerandaskedhim if he might
speakto the ambassador.
"No, sirr" replied
Yoshida."The ambassador
is out." The minister lookedat him with a suddenflashof recognition. "But aren't you the ambassador?"
he
asked."I amr" saidYoshida."And, sir, when
you hearfrom Yoshidahimselfthat Yoshidais
out, you can believeit!"
SeealsoSclptoNesIce SEnePIo1.
Ar, -.6
YUSUPOV, Prince Feliks (datesunknown),
RussiannoblemAn.
He wasoneof thecbiefconspiratorsin the murderof Rasputinin 7975.
I In the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayerfilm Raspu-\
tin and theEmpressthe studiosoughtto avoid , \
trouble with PrinceYusupovby changingto \ |
PrinceChegodieffthe name of the character U
who played his role in the story. They had , I
reckonedwithout the prince'sproprietaryarri- \ [
tude to the murder.He suedthe studio in a r I
London court for deprivinghim of the credit I
for hisactions.He won hiscaseandthe studio I
had to pay a considerablesum in damages. I
Then a real PrinceChegodieffcameforward t
and suedfor the libeloususeof his name.He I
also won his caseand MGM paid off once J
more.

As, Z q8
BritishnouZA N GWILL, Israel(L864-1,926),
elist and playwright of Jewish parentage.He
depicted]ewish life in a seriesof nouels,beginThe Childrenof
ningwith thehighlysuccessful
the Ghetto(1592).He followedTheodorHerzl
as leaderof the Zionist mouement.
I Zangwill was watching a tedious Sardou
melodrama.Halfway through he remarked,
part of my body;it
"My legis the only sensible
hasgoneto sleep,"
2 Zangwill, tired and careless of his surrounditrBS,yawned in the face of the lady sitting next to him at dinner. "Mind your Jewish
o'I
nr"-nn.rsr" said she. thought you *.ti going
to swallow me."
| "Have no fear, madam," replied Zangwill.
"My religion prohibits my doing that."
\ I Andrew Lang wrote to inquire of his friend
\lsrael Zangwill whether he planned to attend a
[certain event. The reply came back: "If you,
F"rg, will, l. Zangwill."
4 Anouueau-richepeer,whoseaccentdid not
match his social position, was feeling the effects of a heavy drinking sessionof the night
before. "Oh, my'ead! My'ead!" he moaned.
"What you need is two aspiratsr" recommended Zangwill.
8l, ".6
ZENO (c. 335 -c.263 BC),Greekphilosopher,
born at Citium (Cyprus). He was the founder of
the Stoic school of philosophy, which he established in Athens around 300 nc.
i

Zeno caught his slavestealing,and gavehim

il aI good
The slave,something of a phiil losopherbeating.
himself, pleaded, "Bur it was fated

'l

lf
t l that I should steal."
{f
"And that I should beat your" retorted
tt
1!
Zeno.
t

ZEUXIS (c. 424-c.380 BC),Greekpainter.

I Zeuxis'spaintingof a boy holdinga dishof
grapes(seeSlnGoornsy KNELLER
2) wasexecuted by Zeuxisto provethat he could outdo
his rival Parrhasiusin trompe-l'oeil effects.
When the birdsattackedthe grapes,it seemed
certainthat victory would go to Zeuxis,who
then calledupon Parrhasius
to draw back the
curtain concealinghis own painting.But this
supposed
curtainwasitselfpainted,andZeuxis
hadto concedethat while he had beenableto
had beenableto
deceivethe birds,Parrhasius
deceivehim.
6't ''8
ZIE GFELD, Florenz (1867-1932),UStheatrical producer.He createdthe famous Ziegfeld
Follies (1907-32) and such sbows as Sally
(1920)and ShowBoat (1927),besideslaunching many starson their careers.
1 Ziegfeldonce offeredGracieAllen $750a
week to appearin one of his London shows.
Sheaskedwhat he would offerif her husband
and straight man, George Burns, were included."Five hundredr"wasthe answer.
SeealsoGnoucHo MaRX 8.
&.' 48
ZOG I, King of Albania(1895-L95I),kingof
Albaniafrom 1928to 1.939,forcedinto exileby
Mussolini.
I In 1940Zog,accompanied
by hisroyalrerinue,arrivedat the Ritz hotelin London.Some
of the luggageseemedremarkablyheavy,exciring the curiosityof George,the hall porter.
Georgeaskedthe kingwhethertheycontained
anything very valuable."Yes," replied Zog,
"gold."

Nicholas Mu rray Butler and ProfessorBrander Matthews of Columbia University were

having a conversation and Professor Matthews was giving his ideas as to plagiarism,
from an article of his own on that subject.
"In the case of the first man to use an anecdote," he said, "there is originality; in the
caseof the second,there is plagiarism; with
the third, it is lack of originality; and with
the fourth it is drawing from a common
stock."
"Yesr" broke in PresidentButler, "and in
the caseof the fifth, it is research."
- B. A. Botkin,
A Treasury of American Anecdotes

(? SOI-JRCE,
LIST ?
Sourcesfor the anecdotesare given wherever possible.Only namesand titles are cited; full
bibliographical information is given in the Bibliography,which follows this list. Abbreviations
usedin the list:
Richard Kenin and Justin Wintle, Dictionary of Biographical Quotation
DBQ
Dictionary of National Biograpby
DNB
EncycloPaediaBritannica
EB
OBALA Oxford Book of American Literary Anecdotes,ed. Donald Hall
Oxford Book of Literary Anecdotes,ed.John Sutherland
OBLA
AenoN L: B. Ueckerand M. Herskowitz,Catcher
in the Vry
AND Cosrrno L: D. Straussand F.
Annorr
'V[orth,
Hollywood Triuia
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Furrrn, MTvILLE, L: E. Fuller,2500 Anecdotes
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SO U R C E L I S T

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1: O. Sitwell, Laughter in the Next
Room; 2: The Obseruer,Feb.7, t982
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1r J. Bartlett, Familiar Quotations
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in B. Botkin, Treasury of American Anecdotes; 2: J. Kaplan, Mark Twain and His
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L: L. Cannon, Reagan;2: D. Niven,
Horses
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2: \UTilliamGordon, History of the Indepen'
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1: E. Sitwell,EnglishEccentrics
'$TersoN
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and A. Durant, The Storyof Ciuili\(Ierr 1:
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WnrtERsoN 1.:B. Botkin, Treasuryof American
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Acton, More Memoirsof an Aesthete;3z R.
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l: B. Fergusson,
Wauell
Wnns l: L. Missen,QuotableAnecdotes
WrnsrER,D., 1-2: C. Lanman, The PriuateLife
of Daniel Webster;3:B. Botkin, Treasuryof
American Anecdotes;4: Oxford Dictionary

'J :V"
v: t.'T::::;
rl:u!;,X7,"
"?,:"Bxli,,f'

S O U R C EL I S T

STsnsrnn(continued)
Daniel Webster;B: V. Brooks, Life of Emerson; 10: RichardLathers,Reminiscei,nces,
in
'Wit,
C. Shriner,
Wisdom, and Foiblesof tbe
Great
WrnsrER,_ N., 1: R. Marquard, Jokes and
Anecdotes
wnrssrvrult.ER
1: M. Ringo, Nobodysaid It Better; 2: D. Wallechinsky,The CompleteBook
of the Olympics
\ilTrrzuANN1: R. St.
John, Tbey Came From
Eueryuhere
'S7rrrns
1: M. Korda, CharmedLiues
ITnrrrNGToN1, J. Timbs, Centuryof Anecdote;
2: Recordsof the ConferencesbetweenWellington and Scindiak after the Battle of Assaye,'inD. George,A Book of Anecdotes;
3,
5: A. Bryant, The Agt of Elegance;4: N.
McPhee,SecondBook of Insulis; 6: George,
Anecdotes;7: D. Duf f, Albert and Victorja;
8: H. Hoffmeister,Anekdotenschatz;
9-"1,0:
N. McPhee,SecondBook of Insults;11: E.
Fuller,2500Anecdotes;
!2: M. Garland,The
tilTilliam
Changing
Faceof Childhood; 13,"1,5:
'Words
Fraser,
of Wellington, in C. Shriner,
Wit,'Wisdom, and Foiblesof the Great; 14:
The New Yorker,Mar. 10, 1,951
\UTnrrs"1.:E. Fuller, 2500 Anecdotes;2: H. Nicolson, Diaries; 3: C. Snow, Variety of Men
'S7rnrr.r
L: I. \ilfallaceet al.,Intimate SexLiuesof
FamousPeople
Wrsrry 1: H. and D. L. Thomas, Liuing Biographiesof ReligiousLeaders;2: E. Fuller,ZSOO
Anecdotes
'Wnst,
'Wish
M., L: K. Edwards,/
I'd Said That
Too
'S[rst,
R., 1: B. Cerf, ShakeWell Before Using;
2: G. P. \Ufells,H. G. Wellsin Loue; 3z Times
Literary Supplement,Oct. '1.,1982
'$TrsuNcHousr
'W.'Walsh,
1:
Handy Book of Curious Information
'sfharron,
\UTHnnroN
A Backward Glance
'STHnrmn 1":E.
1: P. Smith, The Rise of Industrial
America
Wnrwprr
'S7. 1":L. Missen,QuotableAnecdotes;2z
Keddie,Literary and ScientificAnecdote
WHTsTLER
L. Russell
l-2: 'Wish
, EnglishWits;3: K.
Edwards,I
I'd Said That Too; 4,7-8,
12-13, 17: D. Seitz,WhistlerStories;5: B.
Cerf, The Life of the Party; 5: P. Mahony,
BarbedWit and MaliciousHumor; 9: L. and
F. Copeland,L0,000Jokes,Toastsand Srories; 10: H. Pearson,The Man Whistler; l1:
H. Gerwig, Fifty Famous Painters; 14: J.
Whistler,On tbe GentleArt of Making Enemies; 15: J. Braude, Speaker'sand Toastmaster's Handbook;
16: E. Fuller, 2500
'sfallechinsky,
Anecdotes;18: D.
I. and A.
\Vallace,The Book of Lists2

636
\il7Hrrr,A., l: D. x7allechinskyand I.
$7allace,
The People'sAlmanac
ITHrrE, W., 1: Book-of-the-MonthCtub News,
April 1944
'1.:
\ilTHrrEHEAD
American Scholar, XVI, no. 1
(le46-47)
\ilTHrrelAw1: R. Morley, SecondBook of Bricks
rTHrrnaauL: c. Fadimanand c. van Doren, The
American Treasury
'STHrrNny
1: P. Smith, The Nation Comesof Ag,
\il(IrnNnwsKr1: N. Slonimsky,A Thing or' Tio
about Music
I7rrn
'WtrorL: H. Bagust,London Throughthe Ages
1: Miss JoyceHawkins, in j. Sutherland,
ed., OBLA;2:
'Wilde, HeskethPearson,The Life of
Oscar
in Sutherland,OBLA; 3, 9, 13;
H. Pearson,Liuesof the Wits;4: Sir \il7illiam
Rothenstein,Men and Memories,in Sutherland,OBLA;5: R. Marquard,Jokes
and Anecdotes;5: B. Cerf,ShakeWellBefore(lsing;
'S7alter
7, I. Bartlett,Familiar Quotations,.8:
'Wits,
in SutherJerrold,A Book of Famous
land, OBLA; 10: G. Brandreth,Great Theatrical Disasters;11: G. Mikes, Laughing
Matter; 12: A. Hare, The Story of My Life;
l4z N. McPhee,Book of Insults; 16: 'W.
Yeats,Autobiograhies;"1,7:
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'S7allace,
and I.
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2500 Anecdotes;3-4: J. Timbs, Centuryof
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6: P. Stockdale, Memoirs of the Life and
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1: DNB
Wrrrmu I (Pnussre)L: W. Scholz,DasBuchdes
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\(lrsoN, R., 1: D. Piper,Paintingin England
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'1.972
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SO U R C E L I S T

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George,A Book of Anecdotes

D.

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M. Cowley, The Vieu from 80
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2:
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As,INDE,X OF NAME,Sq8
This index lists the nameof everypersonappearingin the book (exceptfor those in the boxed
anecdotes).Boldfaceindicatesthosepersonswho havebiographiesand anecdotesof their own.
Thesepeoplemay be mentionedaswell in other persons'anecdotes,asindicatedby any indented
nameslPeisonswhose namesare set in lightface type appearonly in other persons'anecdotes
or biographies(denotedas bio). Numbers are those of anecdotes'not pages.Thus:
Albert, Prince
Coward 5
Disraeli 15
Victoria bio, 5-7,9
means that Prince Albert has anecdotesand a biography of his own, and is mentioned in
anecdote5 for Noil Coward, anecdote 16 for Benjamin Disraeli, and the biography and
anecdotes5-7 and 9 for QueenVictoria.

Aaron, Henry Louis ["Hank"]

Abbott, Bud
Abbey, Edwin A.
Sargent,J. S., 1
Aberconway,Lady
Walton 2
Abercrombie,Lascelles
Abernethy,John
Acheson,Dean [Gooderham]
HolmeS,O. W., Jr.r9
Acton, Harold
I7augh 2
Adam, rUfilliam
Fox, C. J.r 2
Adams, Alexander Annan
Adams, Ansel
Adams, Franklin Pierce
Marshall,T. R., 1
Ross9
Adams,John
Adams,J. Q., bio
Jeffersor,T., bio, 10
Adams,John Quincy
Addams,Jane
Addison,Joseph
Steele&lo

Ade, George
Adee, Alvey Augustus
Adenauer,Konrad
Adler, Hermann
Adler, Mortimer
Hutchins 3
Stein5
Adler, Stella
Clurman t-2
Adolf, Crown Princeof Sweden
Baker,J., 1
AE. SeeRussell,GeorgerU7illiam
Aeschylus
Porson2
Aesop
La Fontarnebio
Agassiz,Jean Louis Rodolphe
Agate,James
Braithwaite2
Campbell,Mrs. P., 9
Agnew, Spiro
Ford, G., bio
Agoult, Comtessed'
Liszt bio
Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius
Julia L

Agrippina
Nero bio, I
Aidan, Saint
Albemarle,William Anne Keppel, 2d Earl of
Albert, Prince
Coward 5
Disraeli16
Victoria bio, 5-7, 9
Albert, Eugdned'
Albert I, King of Belgium
Elisabethbio
Leopold lI 2
AlbertusMagnus
Aquinas L
Alcibiades
Alcott, Abigail May
Alcom,A. B., I
Alcott, Amos Bronson
Alcott, L. M., bio
Eddy 1
Alcott, Louisa May
Alcott,A.8., bio
Eddy 1
Alcott, M"y
Alcott, A. 8., I

INDEX

OF NAMES

Alembert,Jeanle Rond d'

du Deffand bio
Hume 4
Voltaire 13
AlenEon,Duc d'
AlenEonbio
AlenEon,Sophie-Charlotte,
Duchesse
d'
Alexander I, Czar
Talleyrand11
AlexanderII, Czar
Muraviev 1
AlexanderIII, Czar
Patti 1
AlexanderIII [Alexanderthe
Great], King of Macedon
AnaximenesL
ApellesI
de Gaulle3
DiogenesL, 3, 6
Gardner,I. S.,2
Maria Fedorovna,bio I
Philip II bio, 1,
Alexander VI, Pope
Alexander,Sir George
Alexander,Grover Cleveland
Alexander,Harold, 1st Earl
[Alexanderof Tunis]
Alexander,Samuel
Alexandra,Queen
Edward YII bio
Alfano, Franco
Toscanini5
Alfonso X
Alfonso XIII
Alfred [Alfred the Great]
Ai, Muhammad [CassiusClay]
Ali, Muhammad
Ibrahim L
Allais, Alphonse
Allen, Ethan
Allen, Fred
Allen, Gracie
Burns L
Ziegfeld I
Allen, Walter
PlomerL
Allinghzffi,William
Carlyle 2
Alma-Tadema,Sir Lawrence
Altenbrg,Peter
Alvanley,William Arden, 2d
Baron
Ambrose,Saint
Ameche,Alan
Unitas L
Amory, Cleveland
Hepburn 1
'Amr Ibn Al-as
'Omar L

652
Anaxagoras
Anaximenes
Anders,William A[lison]
Andersen,Hans Christian
Hugo 4
Anderson,Sherwood
Andrew, Father Agnellus
Anglesey,tilTiliamHetrry,
Marquessof
S7ellingron7
Anglin, Margaret
Fiske1
Angoulme,Marie Th6rdse
Charlotte,Duchessed'
Anjou, Duke of
Stubbs1
Anne, Princess
Anne, Queenof England
Bolingbroke bio
Marlborough,J. C., bio
Anne of Austria
Lenclosbio
Mazarrn bio
Anne of Cleves
Henry VIII 2
Howard, C., bio
Anson,Baron George
Keppel bio
Antheil, George
Anthony, SusanB.
AntiochusIII, King of Syria
Hannibal bio, I
Antisthenes
Antony, Mark
Augustusbio, I
Cicero bio
Apelles
Aquinas,SaintThomas
Arbuthnot,John
Swift 1
Archelaus
Archer, William
Archimedes
Arditi, Luigi
Aretino, Pietro
Tintoretto L
Titian 1
Argyll, Duke of
TennysonL
Aristides
Aristippus
Diogenes4
Aristogiton
IphicratesL
Aristotle
Scott5
Thales2
Arlen, Michael [Dikran
Kouyoumdjianl
Coward 4

Armour, Philip Danforth

Armour, Mrs. Philip Danforth
Lillie 3
Armstrong,Louis ["Satchmo"]
Smith,8., bio
Armstrong, Neil
Armstrong-Jones,
Anthony. See
Snowden
Arne, Thomas Augustine
Arnim, Harry Karl Kurt
Eduard,Count von
Arno, Peter[Curtis Arnoux
Peters]
Arnold, Matthew
EmpedoclesI
Arnould, [Madeline]Sophie
Galiani 1
Arp, Jean
Brown 2
Arria
Arthur, King
Edward III 1
Arundel,Earl of
Bacon5
Asche,fiohn StangerHeiss]
Oscar
Ashcroft, Peggy
Gielgud1
Ashe,Arthur [Robert]
Asoka
Asquith,Anthony
Asquith,M., bio
Asquith, Herbert Henry, 1st
Earl of Oxford and
Asquith
Asquith,M., bio
Asquith, Margot
Balfour 1
Smith,F. E., bio
Asquith,Violet
Churchill,W., 5
Astaire,Fred [Frederick
Austerlitzl
Astaire,Phyllis
Astaire3
Astor, John Jacob
Astor, Mary
Kaufman 20
Astor, Mary Dahlgren
Astor, Nancy Witcher Langhorne, Viscountess
'Vf.,
7
Churchill,
Shaw,G. 8., L5
Stalin 1
Astor, Waldorf, Viscount
Churchill,W., 7
Astor, rVilliam 17aldorf
Astor,M. D., bio
Astruc,Gabriel
Stravinsky1

653
Atkinson, ChristopherThomas
Atlas, Charles
Attlee, Clement
Bevin bio
Churchill,W., 37
Gielgud5
Atwater, Edith
Hart L
Auber, Daniel FrangoisEsprit
Aubernon, Euphrasie
Aubign6,Frangoised'
Scarronbio
Aubign6,Jean Henri Merle d'
Aubrey,John
Charlesll 2
Coke L
Corbet 1
Raleigh4
L
Shakespeare
Auchincloss,Louis
Marquand 3
Auchinleck,Claude
\favell 1
Auden, Wystan Hugh
Eliot, T. S., 5
Plomer L
Auerbach,Arnold Jacob
["Red"]
Augustineof Hippo, Saint
Augustus[GaiusJulius Caesar
Octavianus]
Juliabio,2-4
Aumale, Henri, Duc d'
FerdinandI, King, 1
Austin, Alfred
Salisbury1
Austin, Warren Robinson
Auteroches,M. d'
Hay I
Avempace[Abu Bekr Ibn Baija]
Avery, Oswald
Aym6, Marcel
Azeglio, Massimo Taparelli,
Marchesed'
Babbage,Charles
Bacall, Lauren
Bogart bio
Baccaloni,Salvatore
Bing 1
Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel
Bach,Johann Sebastian
Bach,C. P. 8., bio
Cortot L
Enescobio
Landowska1
Bacon, Francis,lst Baron
Verulam and Viscount
St. Albans

INDEX

Bader,Sir DouglasRobertStuart
Baeyer,Johann Friedrich
Wilhelm Adolf von
Baeyer,Lydia
BaeyerL
Bahr, Hermann
Baignidres,
Mme
AubernonL
Baillie,Joanna
Byron 2
Bailly, Jean Sylvain
Baker, Josephine
Lillie 7
Baker,Newton D.
Ross2
Baker,Russell
Johnsotr,L. B.r 2
Bakst, L6on
Balanchine,George
Astaire bio
Diaghilevbio
StravinskyL2
Baldwin, Stanl.y, lst Earl
Barrie 2
Churchill,\Uf.,10
Balfour, Arthur James,lst
Earl of
Clemenceau9
WeizmannL
Balmain, Pierre
Balsan,Consuelo
Balsan,Colonel Lieutenant
Jacques
Balsanblo
Balzac,Honord de
Bancroft, Sir Squire
Bankhead,Tallulah
Bankhead,\WilliamBrockman
Bankhead 9
Banks,SarahSophia
Banks,Sir Joseph
Banksbio
Barber,Robert
Reynolds1
Barbirolli, Sir John
Barentin,M. de
Louis XVIII 1
(Abulfarai)
Bar-Hebraeus
'Omar L
Barham, Richard Harris
Baring-Gould,Sabine
Trollope, F., 2
Barnes,Dr. Albert
Picasso3
Barnes,Diuna
Barnum, PhineasTaylor
Barr, Stringfellow
Barrie, Sir J[ames]M[atthew]
Beerbohm2
Bernard2

OF NAMES

Betty 1
Thomsoo,J., 1,
Barrow, Isaac
Barry, George
Eddy 1
Barrymore, Ethel
Barrymore,M., bio
Connelly2
Barrymore,John
Barrymore,8., bio
Barrymore,M., bio, 2-3
Cowl L
Barrymore,Lionel
Barrymore,E., bio
Barrymore,M., bio
Barrymore, Maurice
Bart6k, B6la
Barton, Clara
Baruch,BernardMannes
Barzun,Jacques
Trilling 1
Basie,"Count" [William]
Basire,James
Blake,W., 2
Batista,Fulgencio
Weissmuller2
Baugh,Sammy
Baum, L[yman] Frank
Baylis,Lilian
de Valois bio
Baylor, Elgin
Hundley 2
Bazaine,Achille FranEois,
General
Aumale 3
Lady
Beaconsfield,
Edward VII 3
Bean,Roy
Bean,Russell
Jackson,A., 2
Beaton,Sir Cecil
de Gaulle 1
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 9
Losch L
Beatty,David Beatty, lst Earl
Beauharnais,
Jos6phinede
NapoleonI bio,2, 5
Beaumarchais,Pierre-Augustin
Caron de
Beaumont,Francis
Coward 8
Keats3
Beauvoir,Roger de
Dumas fils 3
Beaverbrook,William Maxwell
Aitken, lst Baron
L
Castlerosse
Churchill,R. F. E. S.r2
Luce,C. 8., L

TNDEXOF NAMES

Beckett,Samuel
Joyce,James,10
Beckett,Suzanne
Beckett5
Beckett,Thomasi
Henri II 1
Beckford, William
Becquerel,Henri
Curie bio
Bee,GeneralBarnard
Jacksotr,T. J., I
Bee,Clair
Luisetti 2
Beebe,Lucius
Mellon 1
Beebe,til(illiam
Roosevelt,T., 3
Beecham,Thomas
Beecham,Sir Thomas
Beecham,T., bio
Cortot 1
Edward VII 9
HessL
Saint-Sadns
I
Beecher,Henry Ward
Beerboh-, Julius
Beerbohm,4
Beerbohm,Sir Max
Archer 1
Drew 1
Harris, F., 2
James,H., I
Pater 2
Tree bio, 3
Beeston,Sir Hugh
Raleigh7
Beethoven,Ludwig van
Albert, E., bio
Brahms5
Cortot 1
Elman 1
Furnryinglerbio
Paderewski3
Previn2
Schnab
el bio
\U(ellington9
Begin, Menachem
Behan,Brendan
Behrman,S. N.
Archer 1
Beerbohm5
Coward 7
Belinsky,Robert ["8o"]
Bell, Alexander Graham
Bell, Joseph
Bell, Mabel (Hubbard)
Bell,A. G., 2
Belloc, floseph] Hilaire [Pierre]
Chesterton5

564
Bellows, GeorgeWesley
Belloy,Dormont de
Voltaire14
Belmont,August
Belmont,Mrs. August
Marquand 3
Bembo,Pietro
Benchley,Marjorie
O'Hara 2
Benchley,Nathaniel
Benchley15
Benchley,Robert Charles
O'Hara 2
Ben6t,tilTilliamRose
Morley, C., 1
Ben-Gurion,David
Eshkol bio
Bennett,[Enoch]Arnold
Caine1
Herford 5
Shaw,G. 8., 15
Bennett,JamesGordon
Benny,Jack
Allen, F., bio
Burns2
Bentley,Richard
Barham2
Pope,Alexander,2
Benton,Thomas Hart
Jackson,A., 6
Beresford,Lord Charles
Edward VII 1
Bergen,Edgar [fohn]
Bergman,Ingrid
Bogart bio
Hitchcock 2
Beria, Lavrenti Pavlovich
Berkeley,George
Johnsor,S., 1,7
Berkeley,Lennox
Boulangr,N., bio
Berle,Milton
Berlioz,Hector
Heine 4
Bernadotte,JeanBaptisteJules
Bernard, Tristan
Berners,Gerald TyrwhittWilson, l4th Baron
Bernhardt, Sarah
Bernoulli, Jacques
Bernoulli,Jean
Newton 10
Bernstein,Henri
Bernstein,Leonard
Bernstein,Robert
Berra, Lawrence["Yogi"]
Aaron I
Bers,Sonya
Tolstoy bio

Betterton,Thomas
Cibber1
Betty, William Henry West
Beuno,Saint
Bevan,Aneurin ["Nye"]
Bevin1, 3
Bevin,Ernest
Bewick, Thomas
Bialik, Chaim Nachman
Biddle,ColonelJames
Edward VII 5
Bilia
Gelon 1
Billingsl.y,Sherman
Jessel2
Billington,Elizabeth
Haydn 4
Bing, Sir Rudolf
Kennedy,I. F., 7
Nilsson 1, 3
Bion
Bismarck,Otto Eduard
Leopold, Princevon
Arnim 1
Virchow bio, 1,
tilTilliamI (Prussia)bio
Black, Hugo
Blacklock,Thomas
Hume 3
Blackwell, Alexander
Blackwell,Elizabeth
Blackwell bio
Blake,Catherine
Blake,V., I
Blake, Eubie fiamesHubert
Blakel
Blake, William
Constable2
Blakeway,Alan
Clark, A. C., I
Blanchard,Laman
Dickens4
Bland-Sutton,Sir John
Blech, Leo
Blessington,Marguerite,
Countessof
Orsay bio
Blondel
Richard I 1
Blondel,Luisa
Azeglio 1
Blondin,Charles
Dumaspire 7
Bloomingdale,Alfred
Kaufman 7
Bloy, Leon
Huysmans1
Blticher,GebhardLeberechtvon
\Tellington bio

INDEX

665
Blume,Jody
Blumenthal,Oskar
Boas,Franz
Bogarde,Dirk
Bogart,Humphrey
Bacallbio, 2
Huston L
Bohr, Niels Henrik David
Einstein5
Thomson,G., L
Boileau [-Despr6aux],Nicolas
Boleyn,Anne
ElizabethI bio
Bolingbroke,Henry St. John,
Viscount
Bolt, Tommy
Bonaparte,Marie Louise
Francisll bio
Bonaparte,Napoleon.See
NapoleonI
Lady Violet
Bonham-Carter,
Asquith,M., 3
Fry 1
BonifaceVIII, Pope
Giotto 1
Bonnemain,Margueritede
Boulangr,G., 1
Bonner,John
Bonneuil,Countessde
AlexanderI 1
Boone,Daniel
Booth, Edwin
Howe, J. V., 1
Booth, John Wilkes
Booth,J.8., bio
Booth, JuniusBrutus
Boothby,R.
Sargent,M., 5
Borge, Victor
Borges,Jorge Luis
Borges,Leonor Acevedode
BorgesL
Borghese,PrinceCamillo
Borghesebio
Borghese,PrincessMarie
Pauline
Borgia,Cesare
Alexander Yl bio
Borgia,Lucrezia
AlexanderVI 1
Borgia,Rodrigo.SeeAlexander
VI
Borodin, Alexander
Borromeo,Saint Charles
Bosquet,PierreFrangoisJoseph
Bossuet,JacquesB6nigne
Boswell,James
Johnsor,S., bio ll, 13-14,
t7-19

rilTilkes4
Boswell,Margaret
Boswell2
Bothwell, Earl of
Mary, Queenof Scots,bio
Botticelli, Sandro[Alessandro
di Mariano Filipepil
Bottoml.y, Horatio William
Bougainville,Jean-Pierre
Duclos 1
Bougenel,General
Mathilde 2
Bouhours,Dominique
Boulangr,GeorgesErnestJean
Marie
Boulangr,Nadia fiuliette]
Boulay de la Meurthe, Count
Antoine
NapoleonI 5
Boult, Sir Adrian
Bourbon,Duchessof
Franklin 9
Bourget,Paul
Mugnier 3
Bourrienne,Louis Antoine
Fauveletde
NapoleonI 5
Bowen, ElizabethDorothea Cole
Bowen, Louise de Koven
Bowles,William Lisle
Bowra, C. Maurice
GladstoneL
Boyle,Kay
Lowell, A., 4
Bradford, John
Bradley, Henry
Brady, William A.
Brahe,Tycho
Kepler bio
Brahms,Johannes
Biilow bio
Richter bio
Braithwaite,Dame [Florence]
Lilian
Brakhage,Stan
Bramante
Raphaelbio
Branca,Ralph
Thomson,R., I
Brancusi,Constantin
Joyce,John, 2
Modigliani bio
Brandeis,Louis Dembitz
Brando,Marlon
Graziano 2
Brandt, Willy
Brantley,John
rU7ashington
4
Braque,Georges

OF NAMES

Picassobio
Brawne,Fanny
Keats bio
Bremer,Fredrika
Kemble,F., 2
Breshkovskaya,Catherine
Breuer,Josef
Freudbio
Brian Boru
De Valera4
Briand, Aristide
Bridger,Jim
Bridges,Robert
Bright, John
Disraeli13
Bright, R. Goulding
Shaw,G. B., 4
Brillat-Savarin,Anthelme
Brin, Admiral
\Tilliam II (Germany),1
Brisbane,Arthur
Hearst 3
de
Brissac,Duc and Duchesse
NapoleonI 8
Britannicus
Nero bio, 1
Britten, Benjamin
Plomerbio
Brodie, Sir BeniaminCollins
Brodie, Steve
Brodie, William
Broglie,Louis Victor, Princede
Thomson,G., bio
Bromfield,Louis
Goldwyn 15
Bront,Anne
BrontE bio
Brontd,Branwell
Bront bio
Bront, Charlotte
Bront6,Emily
Bronte bio
Brooke,Alan
Montgomery,B. L.r 2
Brooke,Rupert
Firbank2
Sitwell,G. R., 2
Brookfield, CharlesHallam
Elton
Brooks,Emily Margaret
Frith 1
Brooks,Mel
Brooks, Phillips
Brooks,Van lU7yck
Webster,D., 8
Broughflffi,

Lady

Edward VII 7
Broughoffi,Lord
Cunard2

INDEX

OF NAMES

Broughtffi, Henry Peter,Baron

Brougham and Vaux
Broun, [Matthew] Heywood
Campbell
Marx, C., 3
Brown, CharlesArmitage
Keats1, 2
Brown, John Mason
Brown, Sir Thomas
Gossebio
Browne, Lewis
Brownirg, ElizabethBarrett
Brownitrg,R., bio, 3
Brownirg, Oscar
Tennyson5
Brownirg, Robert
Brownitrg,E. 8., bio, I
Jerrold 1
Bruce,David
Donovan I
Bruce,Harold Anson
Thorpe 3
Bruce,James
Brummell, GeorgeBryan
["Beau"]
Brunelleschi,
Filippo
Columbus2
Victoria 9
Bruno, Giordano
Brutus,MarcusJunius
Caesar5, 10
Bryan,Bear
Namath 1
Bryan, William Jennings
Buchanan,James
Buchwald,Art
Mitford, N., 2
Buck,Jack
Berra5
Buckingham,GeorgeVilliers,
2d Duke of
Buckland, William
Buckley,William F[rank]
Galbraith 1
Buddha,Gautama
Hideyoshi1
Bud6,Guillaume
Budge,J. Donald
Buffalmacco,Buonamico
Bull, John
Bull, Steve
Nixon 8
Buller, Sir RedversHenry
Bullitt, William
Steffens1
Btilow, Cosimavon
Biilow bio
Biilow, FlansGuido, Baron von
Liszt bio

665
Bunn,John
Luisetti 1
Bunsen,Robert Wilhelm
Kirchhoff bio
Bufruel,Luis
Dali 1
Burbage,Richard
Shakes
peare2
Burdett,Sir Francis
Russell,J., I
Burdett-Coutts,Baroness
Victoria 1,4
Burghley,Sfilliam Cecil,Lord
Coke 1
Spenser1
Burgoyne,John
Stark 1
Burke, Edmund
Reynolds bio
Sheridar,R. B., 9-10
Burke,Maud. SeeCunard,
Emerald,Lady
Burnett, Carol
Burney,Charles
Handel2
Burns,Arthur
Eisenhower3
Burns, George
Benny3
Ziegfeld 1
Burr, Aaron
Hamilton bio
Marshall,J., bio
Burton,IsabelArundell
Burton,Sir R., bio, 2
Burton, Richard
Lawson1
Taylor,8., bio
Burton, Sir Richard
Busby,Richard
Busch,Fritz
Butler, BenjaminFranklin
Butler, Henry Montagu
Butler,NicholasMurray
Addamsbio
Boas1
Kelland2
Butler, Richard Austen ["Rab"]
Churchill,W., 34
Butler, Samuel
Liszt 1
Butterworth,Charles
Benchley7
BuzzelLCharles
Millay 1
Byrg, John
Byrd, William
Byron, GeorgeGordon, Lord
Bowlesbio

Lamb, Caroline, bio

Lewis,M. G., 1
Melbourne bio
Shelley,M., 1,
Cabell,JamesBranch
Cadbury,Elizabeth
Cadbury1
Cadbury,George
Caen,Herbert Eugene
Caesar,GaiusJulius
Augustusbio
Cicero bio, 2
Murray, Sir George,1
William I 1
Cagliostro,Alessandro
Cagney,James
Caine,Hall
Calhern,Louis
Chase,I., I
Calhoun,John C.
Clay,H., 5
Caligula[GaiusCaesar]
Callas,Maria
Bing 9-10
Gabor3
Onassis bio
Callisthenes
Diogenes3
Calverley,CharlesStuart
Calvin,John
Sumner1
Cambridge,GeorgeWilliam
FrederickCharles,2d
Duke of
Cambronne,Pierre-Jacques,
Baron de
CambysesII
CyrusII 1
Camden,tUfilliam
Stubbs,J., 1
Cameron,Julia Margaret
Cameron,Donald
Cameronof Lochiel 1
Cameron,Sir Simon
Dana 1
Stevens2
Cameronof Lochiel,Sir Ewan
Campbell,Alan
Parker,D., 5, 17
\(/oollc ott 2
Campbell,Donald
Campbell,Lady Jeanne
Luce,C. B., 1
Campbell,Sir Malcolm
Campbell,D., bio
Campbell, Mrs. Patrick [Beatrice Stella Campb ell, nde

INDEX

667
Tanner]
Barrymore,J., 3
Shaw,G. B., 8
Campbell,Thomas
Cane,Facino
Canfield,Cass
BalsanL
Canfield,Michael
Kennedyrl. F., 3
Canning,George
Cannon,CorneliaJames
Cannon,\U(alterB.
Cannon bio
Canova,Antonio
Borghese1.
Cantor, Eddie
Durante L
Canute [Cnut]
Capa,Robert
Capone,Al
Capra,Frank
Cohn 4
Capus,Alfred
Cardano,Girolamo
Cardozo,Beniamin
Carleton, Henry Guy
Carlos I, King of Portugal
Carlson,Tom
Nash,O., I
Carlyle,JaneS7elsh
Carlylebio, 4
Carlyle,Thomas
Babbage2
Camerotr,J. M., 1
Emersonbio, 3
Fuller,Margaret,1
Carmarthen,Lord
Foote 5
Carne,Michael
Gabin bio
Carnegie,Andrew
Morgatr,J. P., 7
Carol II, King of Rum ania
Caroline,Duchessede Berri
Carolineof Ansbach
Carolineof Brunswick
GeorgelY bio
Caroto, Giovanni Francesco
Carpendale,Charles
Boult 1
Carrington,Dora
Strachey3
Carroll, James
Carroll, Lewis [Charles
Lutwidge Dodgsonl
Carroll, Madeleine
Hitchcock 8
Carson,Johnny
Mountbatten 2

Carswell,G. Harrold
Hruska L
Carter, A*y
Carter t, 3-4
Carter, Jimmy
Reagan4
Carter, Rosalynn
Carter 2
Carteret, Lady
Swift 5
Cartland, Barbara
Cartwright, Peter
Lincoln,A., 9
Caruso,Enrico
Chaplin4
Louis,J., 3
1
Schumann-Heink
Tetrazzini 1
Carvaial,John de
FerdinandIV 1
Cawajal, Peterde
FerdinandIV 1
Carver, GeorgeWashington
Casals,Pablo
Thibaud bio
Casanova,GiovanniGiacomo
Voltaire 10
Case,Frank
Faulkner3
Casement,Sir Roger
Srnith,F. 8., bio
Cassatt,AlexanderJ.
Westinghouse1
Cassatt,Mary
Casson,Sir Lewis
Thorndike 2
Castiglione,Nicchia Countessdi
Castlerosse,Valentine Browne,
Lord
Castracani,Castruccio
Fidel
Castro,
's7eissmuller
2
Catesby,Robert
Fawkes1"
Cather,Villa
Faulkner5
Catherineof Aragon
Boleynbio, 1
Cranmer bio
Henry Ylll bio
Latimerbio
Mary I bio
CatherineII [Catherinethe
Greatl
AlexanderI 1
Diderot 1
Cato [the Censor]
Catton, [Charles]Bruce
Fuseli1

OF NAMES

Cavalieri,Lina
Chaloner1
Cavell, Edith Louisa
Bellows1
Cavendish,Henry
Herschel1
Cazals,F. A.
VerlaineL
Cecil,Lord David
Asquith,M., 4
James,H., I
Cecil, William
Cerf, Bennett
Edman3
La Guardia 1.
CervantesSaavedra,Miguel de
Cetewayo
C1zanne,Paul
Fry 1
Modigliani bio
Chaffee,Nancy
Kiner L
Chagall,Marc
Korda 5
Chagall,Mme
Korda 5
Chain, Ernst
Fleming,A., bio
Chaliapin, Feodor Ivanovich
Chalmers,Thomas
Aubign6 1
Chaloner,John Armstrong
Chamberlain,[Arthur] Neville
Churchill,'W.,bio
Halifax, E., bio
Chamberlain,Joseph
Chamberlain,Sir [foseph]
Austen
Chamberlain,Wilt
Russell,Bill, 2
Champm6l6,Marie Desmares
Racine1
Chanel,Coco [GabrielleChanel]
Channirg, Carol
Gielgud4
Channon,Henry ("Chips")
Cunard 1
Chapin,CharlesE.
Cobb 1
Chaplin, Charlie
Doyle 1
Shor 3
Chapman,John
Chapman,John Jay
Charlemagne
Charles,Princeof Wales
Diana bio, I
CharlesI of Ausria
Otto bio

INDEX

OF NAMES

CharlesI, King of England

Coke bio
Cromwellbio, 1,4
Davenantbio
Davies,E., I
Denham 1
Holles bio, I
Jonson1
Milton bio,2
Quin 1
Shaftesburybio
Vlaller bio
Charles[, Kirg of England
Buckinghambio, I
BusbyL
Davenantbio
Dryden bio
Gwyn 1
Shaftesburybio, 2
\ilfaller bio, I
CharlesII, King of Spain
Philip Y bio, I
CharlesV, King of Spain
CharlesV, Holy Roman
Emperor
FrancisI bio
CharlesX, King of France
Caroline,Duc[resse
de Berri,
bio
Michelet 1
CharlesXII, King of Sweden
OscarII 1
CharlesXIII, King of Sweden
Bernadotte bio
CharlesFerdinand,Duc de Berri
Caroline,Duchessede Berri,
bio, 1
CharlesFrancisJosephfCharles
I of Austrial
Charlotte of MecklenburgStrelitz
Charolais,Comte de
Louis XV 3
Charondas
Chase,Ilka
Chase,SalmonPortland
Chasins,Abram
Paderewski5
Chastellux,FrangoisJeande
Necker 1
Chateaubriand,FrangoisRen6,
Vicomte de
Chatelet,Mme du
Voltaire bio
Chatfield,Alfred, 1st Baron
Beatty 1
Chatham,Earl of
Pitt bio
Chatterton, Thomas

668
Chaulnes,Duc de
Beaumarchais1
Chauvelin,M. de
Louis XV 5
Chegodieff,Prince
Yusupov 1
Chekhov,Anton Pavlovich
Cherubini, Maria Luigi
Chesterfield,Philip Dormer
Stanhope,4th Earl of
Heidegger1
Chesterton,
'S7est, Cecil
R., 2
Chesterton,G[ilbert] K[eith]
Dickens
'$7est, 7
R., 2
Chevalier,Maurice
Susann3
ChiangKai-shek
Luce,H. R., I
Chigi, Agostino
Chigi, Fabio
Marie de M6dicis 1
Chilly, CharlesMarie de
Bernhardt 2
Choate,JosephHodges
Reed 1
Cholmondley,Lord
Bottomley 1
Chopin, Fr6d6ric
Adams,Ansel, L
Cortot bio
Field,1., bio
Pachmannbio, 2
Rubinstein,Arthur, bio
ChristianIX, King of Denmark
Maria Fddorovnabio
Christian X, King of Denmark
Christie, Dame Agatha
Gabor 3
Christie,John
Christina, Queenof Sweden
Descartesbio, I
Churchill, Clementine
Churchill,W., 4
de Gaulle 1
Churchill, Randolph Frederick
Edward Spencer
Acheson2
Churchill,W., 35
tU7aughL
Churchill, Lord Randolph
Henry Spencer
Churchill, Sarah
Churchill,UI., 27
Churchill, Sir Winston
Acheson2
Astor, N., 2, 5
Ben-Gurion,David, 1

Bevin bio
Churchill,R. F. E. 5., bio
Churchill,R. H.5., bio
Clemenceau7
de Gaulle2
Grey 2
Herbert L
Lindemannbio, 1.
Montgomery,B. L., bio
Onassis bio
Pfitain 2
Smith,F. E., 5
Stalin2
Taylor, M., I
tUfavell1
Chwolson, Daniel Abramovich.
Ciano, Count Galeazzo
Churchill,W., 27
Cibber, Colley
Cicero,Marcus Tullius
Caesar5
Clark, A. C., bio
Cimabue,Giovanni
Giotto 2
Cimon
Cinque,Joseph
Claire, Ina
Clairmont,Claire
Shelley,M., I
Clarence,Duke of . See
William IV
Clark, Afibert] C[urtis]
Clark, Bobby
Connelly2
Clark, Sir CasparPurdon
Morgan 4
Clark, GeorgeRogers
Clark, Sir James
Victoria 8
Clark, Mark Wayne
Clarke, CharlesCowden
Barham2
Clarke, Creston
Field,E., I
Claudel,Paul
Gide 1
Claudius,Emperor
Agrippina bio
Nero bio, 1,
Clay,Cassius.
SeeAli,
Muhammad
Clay, CassiusMarcellus,Sr.
Clay, Henry
C l a y ,C . M . , I
Reed2
Clemenceau,Georges
Paderewski5
Clemens,JamesRoss
Twain 14

669
Clemens,Olivia Langdon
Twain 4, 5, 8, 12, 18
Clemens,Samuel.SeeTwain,
Mark
Clemens,SusyL.
Twain 8
ClementVII, Pope
Michelangelo2
Cleveland,FrancesFolsom
Cleveland,G., I
Cleveland,[Stephen]Grover
Cleveland,F., bio
Lamar bio
Roosevelt,F. D., 1
Clive, Robert, Baron Clive of
Plassey
Clodius,Publius
Caesar2
Clurman, Harold
Coates,Robert M.
Ross10
Cobb, Irvin S[hrewsbury]
Cochrane,Alexander
Jackson,A., 3
Cockcroft, Sir John
Thomson,G., L
Cocteau,Jean
Chanel3
Diaghilev2,3
Coghill, Nevill
Lewis,C. S.,2
Cohalan,Daniel F.
I7ilson,'W.,4
Cohan, GeorgeM.
Cohen, Morris Raphael
Cohn, Harry
Mankiewicz I
Marx, G., 9
Cohn, Jack
Cohn 214
Coke,Desmond
Ouida 1
Coke, Sir Edward
Colbert, Claudette
Coward 11
Cole, Dr. Harry
Coleridge,SamuelTaylor
Emersonbio
Green,J. H., bio
Lamb, Charles,8
Wordsworth bio
Coleridge,rUfilliam
Bowlesbio
Colette [SidonieGabrielleClaudine Colettel
Collins, Joan
Collins, Michael
Collins, tU7ilkie
Lytton L

INDEX

Colte,Jane
More, T., I
Colte,John
More, T., 1
Colum, Mary
Hemingway4
Columbus,Christopher
tU7ilde3
Comte, Auguste
Compton, Arthur
Fermi 2
ConanDoyle.SeeDoyle
Conant,JamesBryant
Fermi 2
rU7hiteh
ead2
Condorcet,Marie Jean Antoine
de Caritat, Marquis de
Confucius
Congreve,William
Gossebio
Hyde, C., bio
Conn, Billy
Louis,J., 1, 5
Connelly, Marc
Kaufman 8
Connolly, Cyril
Conrad,Barnaby
Coward 14
Margaret, Princess,1
Conrad,Joseph
Caine 1
Mencken L
Constable,John
Constantine[Constantinethe
Greatl
Constantine,LearieNicholas,
Baron
Conti, PrinceLouis-Armand II
de
Cook, Thomas
Cooke, Alistair
Eden,A., 1
Stevenson,
A. 8., 4
Coolidge,[John] Calvin
Hoover L, 3
Coolidge,Mrs. Calvin
Coolidge5, 9-I0, 14
Cooper,Alfred Duff (Viscount
Norwich)
Cooper,D., bio,2-3
Cooper, Lady Diana
Coward 5
ElizabethII 4
Lowell, R., 1
Cooper,Doris
Cooper,Gladys,I
Cooper,Duff
Lowell, R., 1
Cooper, Gary

OF NAMES

Cooper, Dame Gladys

Coote L
Cooper, Sir William
Cooper,Lady (Mrs. tU7illiam)
Cooper,W., 1
Coote, Robert
Cope, Edward Drinker
Copeland,CharlesTownsend
Copernicus,Nicolaus
Galileo bio
Kepler bio
Copland, Aaron
Boulangr,N., bio
Copley,John Singleton
Fuseli1
Lyndhurst bio
Copp6e,FrangoisEdouard
Joachim
Corbet, Richard
Corbett,Jim
Brodie,S., 1
Corday, Charlotte
Corelli, Franco
Nilsson 1
Corelli, Marie
Victoria ll
Corneille,Pierre
Dumaspire I
Rachel3
Corneille,Thomas
Dumaspire I
Cornelia
Cornwallis,GeneralCharles,
lst Marquis
\U(Iashin
gton bio
Corot, Jean-BaptisteCamille
Corrigan, Douglas
Cortez,Hernando
CharlesV of Spain2
Cortot, Alfred
Thibaud 1
CosimoIII, Archduke
Fagiuoli 1
Costello,Lou
Coster,Dirk
Hevesy,Georg,bio
Cottin, Emile
Clemenceau
10
Courteline,Georges[Georges
Moineaux]
Courtneidge,Dame Cicely
Coward, Sir Nol
Churchill,R. F. E. S., I
Elizabeththe QueenMother 7
Olivier bio, 2
Ross14
West, R., 3
Cowdray, Lord
Poole1

INDEX

670

OF NAMES

Cowell, Henry
Ruggles1
Cowl, Jane
Cox, ChanningH.
Coolidge4
Cox, JacobD.
Sherman2
Crabbe,George
Melbourne4
Cramm, Baron Gottfried von
Budge1
Cranmer, Thomas
Cole bio
Crawford, Cheryl
Clurman 1
Crawford, Joan
Creighton,Bishop
Butler 4
Crescendi,Girolamo
Grassini1
Crick, Francis
Avery bio
Cripps, Sir Stafford
Churchill, W., 25
Crockett, Davy
Crockford, William
Croesus
Croll, James
Cromwell, Oliver
Aubign6 bio
Carolineof Ansbach1
Holles &ro
\U7allerbio, I
Cromwell, Thomas
Henry VIII 2
Crosby,Bing [Harry Lillis]
Hope bio
Crosby,Caresse
Joyce,John, 2
Crosby,Harry
Joyce,John, 2
Crouse,Russel
Graziano 2
O'Neill 2
Cukor, GeorgeDewey
Culbertson, Ely
Culpeper,Thomas
Howard, C., 1
Cumberland,Duke of
Foote 2
Cumberland,Richard
Sheridao,R. 8., 12
Cummings,E[dward] Elstlin]
Barnes1
Cummings,Marion
Cummings1
Cunard, Emerald,Lady
Maugham2
Moore, G. A.r 4
Cunard, Nancy

Castlerosse1
Moore, G. A.r 4
Cunctator,Quintus Fabius
Hannibal bio
Cunningham,J. If.
Trollop, F., 1,
CunninghameGraham, Robert
Bontine
Curchod,Suzanne.SeeNecker,
Suzanne
Curie, Marie
Curie, Pierre
Curie bio
Curley, JamesMichael
Curran,C. P.
Joyce,James,3
Curran, John Philpot
Roche2
Curtiz, Michael
Curzon, Lord
l,loyd George5
Cushman,Charlotte
Cuvier, GeorgesL6opold,
Baron
Cuzzoni,Francesca
Handel 3
Cyrus II [Cyrus the Great]
CambysesII bio
Cyrus of Panopolis
Czolgosz,Leon
McKinley 2
Dahlgren,Mrs. J. H.
Lamar L
Dahn, Felix
Dale, Valentine
ElizabethI 3
Dali, Gala
Dali 4
Dali, Salvador
Niarchos L
Dalton, Hugh
BevanL
Churchill,W., 24
Dalton, John
Daly, Augustin
Rehanblo
Dana, Richard Henry
Daniel, Clifton
Gulbenkian3
Lillie 8
D'Annunzio, Gabriele
Dusebio
Dante Alighieri
Blake,\1., bio
Giotto 3
Vega 1
Danton, GeorgesJacques
Darius, King of Persia
AlexanderIII 5

Darius I, King of Persia

Darnley, Lord
Mary, Queenof Scots,bio
Darrow, ClarenceSeward
Darwin, CharlesRobert
Agassizbio
Darwin, E., bio
Huxley, T. H., bio, I
Darwin, Emma
Darwin,C., 2
Darwin, Erasmus
Daudet,Alphonse
Daumier,Honor6
Corot L
Davenant,Sir William
Davenpoft,Guy
Barnes1,
David, Sir Edgeworth
Davidson,Jo
Gandhi,M., 4
Davies,Lady Eleanor
Davies,Sir John
Davies,8., bio
Davies,Marion
Hearst4
Parker,D., I
Davies,Peter
Barrie 5
Davies,Tom
Boswell 1
da Vin ci. SeeLeonardoda
Vinci
Davis, Bette
\ilarner 3
Davis, George
SttrhldreherL
Davis,Jefferson
Lincoln,A., 19
Davis,Sam
Duse L
Davy, Sir Humphry
Faradaybio
Dawes,CharlesGates
Fletcher1
Dawson,Lord
Asquith,M., 4
Dawson,Joe
De PalmaL
Day, Dr.
Kelvin 1
Dayan, Moshe
Dayrolles,Solomon
Chesterfield5
Dean, Jay Hanna f"Dizzy"f
Dean,Paul
Dean bio
Debs,EugeneVictor
Debussy,Claude
Bart5k 1
Maeterlinck bio

6 71
Satie2
Toscanini10
Degas,[Hilaire Germain]Edgar
Cassattbio
de Gaulle,Anne
de Gaulle5
de Gaulle, CharlesAndr6
JosephMarie
Churchill,W., 24
Kennedy,J. F., 13
Montgomery,B. L., 1"
Palewskibio
P1tain 2
A. 8., 6
Stevenson,
de Gaulle,Yvonne
de Gaulle5, 10-12
Dfiiazet, Pauline Virginie
de la Mare, Walter
Delibes,Leo
Hellmesberger1
De Lisio, Mike
Auden 2
Delon,Alain
Burton, R., 1
De Moivre, Abraham
Demosthenes
Dempsey,Jack lWilliam
Harrison]
Denbigh,Earl of
Denham, Sir John
Denis, Marie-Louise
Denis,Saint
du Deffand 1
Dennis,John
DePalma,Ralph
Depew, Chauncey Mitchell
Choate 3-4
Smith, F. E., 9
Derby, Lord
George V 5
Dereham, Francis
Howard, C., L
Descartes, Ren6
Fonten elle bio
Deschanel, Paul
Clemenceau 4
de Seversky, Alexander
Procofieff
Deslion, Anna
Napoleoh, J. C. P., 1.
Desnos, Robert
Picasso 1.5
Detourbey, Jeanne
De Valera, Eamon
de Valois, Dame Ninette
Baylis bio
de Vere, Edward
Elizabeth I 2
Devonshire, Spencer Compton
Cavendish, 8th Duke of

INDEX

Baldwin 3
Gibbon2
De Vries, Peter
Ross11
Dewey,Fred
Dewey,J., 1,
Dewey,John
Dewey,ThomasE.
Dewey,Mrs. T. E., bio, I
Gallup 1
Longworth 2
Dewey, Mrs. Thomas E.
[FrancesE. Hutt]
de tU7ilde,Brandon
Lillie 5
de Wolfe, Elsie
Astor, N., 1
Diaghilev,Sergei[Pavlovich]
Bakst bio, 1
Cockteau bio
Karsavinabio
Monteux bio
Nijinskybio,2
Stravinsky bio
Diana, Princessof Wales fnde
Spencer]
Cartland L
Charles,Prince, bio
Dickens,Charles
Andersen 2
Carlyle 5
Forsterbio
tU7ilde9
Dickens,John
Dickens1
Dickinson,Charles
Jackson,A., 1
Dickinson,Emily
Coolidge7
Diderot, Denis
Alembertbio
Dietrich, Marlene [Maria Magdalenevon Losch]
Dietz, Howard
Digby, Sir Everard
Dillinghaffi, Charles
Houdini 2
DiMaggio, Joseph
Diogenes
Antisthenes2
Plato 3
Dionysiusthe Elder
Aristippus 2-3
DionysiusI
DionysiusII bro
DionysiusII
Diophantus
Fermat 1
Dirichlet, PeterGustav Leieune
Disney,Walt[er Elias]

OF NAMES

Disraeli,Beniamin,1st Earl of
Beaconsfield
Bismarck8
Devonshire1
Gladstonebio
Mill 1
Napoleon,E. L. J. J., 3
tUfilkes5
Disraeli,Mary Anne
Disraeli3-4
Divine, Father
Dix, Dorothea Lynde
Dixwell, Mrs.
HolmeS,J., 2
Dmitri, Grand Duke
Romanoff 1
Doane,William Croswell
Twain 15
Dodds,E. R.
Yeats 1
Dodge, Mary Mapes
Doherty, John
Dolin, Anton
Bakst 1
Donaldson,Frances
Lonsdale2
Donat, Robert
Hitchcock 8
Donatello
Donne,John
Gossebio
Donovan, William Joseph
["\rild Bill"]
Dooley, Thomas Anthony
Dorset,CharlesSackville
Dryden 3
Dorsey,Jimmy
Goodman 1
Dos Passos,
John
Faulkner5
Doubled^y, Frank
Carnegie4
Douglas,Lord Alfred
tUfildebio, 13
Douglas,Charles
Hyde, C., bio
Douglas,StephenA.
Lincoln,A., 10-11, 13
SewardL
Douglas-Home.SeeHome
Douglass,Frederick
Douro, Lord
\U7ellington13
Dowson, Ernest
I7ilde 15
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
Bell,J., bio
Drake, Sir Francis
Drake,John
GatesL

INDEX OF NAMES

Dreiser,Theodore
Drew, John
Dreyfus,Alfred
Francebio
Dreyschock,Alexander
Drogheda,Countessof
S7ycherley1
Dryden,John
du Barry, Marie JeanneB6cu,
Comtesse
Duchitel, Comte
Rachel4
Duckett, Al
Horne 1
Duclos,CharlesPinot
du Deffand,Marie Anne,
Marquise
Dudley, John William Ward,
lst Earl of
Metternich,K., I
Rogers,S., 3
Duff, Lady Juliet
Nifinsky 2
Dufferin, Lord
MacDonald 1
Duke, Vernon fVladimir
Dukelskyl
Dulles,John Foster
Dumas,Adolphe
Dumaspire I
Dumas,Alexandrelpirel
Dumas, Alexandre tfilsl
Dumaspire 2
Peard1
Rachel5
Dumas,Ida
Dumas fils 3
Dumfries,Countessof
Taylor,J., I
Duncan,David Douglas
Picasso17
Duncan,Isadora
D'Annunzio 1,
Shaw,G. 8., 9
Tamiris 1
Dunsany,Edward John Moreton Drax Plunket, 18th
Baron
Duperr6,Baron Victor Guy
Mathilde 2
Du Pont,PierreS.
Coolidge6
Du Pont, Thomas Coleman
Duquesnel,Felix
Bernhardt 2
Durante,Bartolomeo
Durante3
Durante,Jimmy ["Schnozzola,'f
Lederer1

572
Durocher,Leo
Shor 2
Duse,Eleonora
Duval, Claude
Duveen,Henry
Morgan I
Duveen,Joseph,Baron Duveen
of Millbank
Morgan I
Dvoi6k, Anronin
Richter2
Dvorsky,Michael
Hofmann bio
Dyson, Sir Cyril
Eaton,John
Jackson,A., 5
Eaton,Peggy
Jackson,A., 5
Eckermann,JohannPeter
Goethe5
E{dington, Sir Arthur Stanley
Eddy, Mary Baker
Eden,[Robert] Anthotry, lst
Earl of Avon
Churchill,R. F. E. S.,4
Eden bio
Khrushchev2
Eden,Sir William
Edison,Charles r
Edison,ThomasAlva
Edison,C., bio
;
Edman, Irwin
Edward I, King of England
Robert I I
EdwardII, King of England
EdwardI 1
Edward III bio
RobertII bia
Edward III, King of England
Henry IY bio
EdwardVI, King of England
and lreland
Cardano1
Cole bio
Mary I bio
Edward WI, King of the United
Kingdom
Alexandra bio, 1.
Campbell,Mrs. P., 2
CarlosI 1
GeorgeV 1
Langtry bio, l
Latimer bio
Sargent,
J. S., I
Victoria 10
Edward VIII, King of the
United Kingdom
Baldwin bio

Elizabeththe QueenMother
bio
GeorgeV 5
GeorgeYI bio
Ross14
I7oollc ott 6
Edward the Black Prince
Edward I 1
Edward lll 2
Edward the Confessor
S7illiamI (England)bio
Edwards,Blake
Sellers3
Egerton,Sir Thomas
Donne 1,
Einstein,Albert
Chaplin 1
Schweitzer5
Szilardbio
Einstein,Elsa (Mrs. Albert)
'l,l-12,
Einstein
17
Eisenhower,Dwight David
Bing 4
Dulles blo
Kennedy,J. F., 12
Lincoln,A., 10
Ir{acArthur,D., 3
Nixon bio, 1, 3
Patton2
Stevens
on bio, 2, 4
Wilson,C. E., I
Eisenhower,
Julie
Meir 2
Eldon, Lady
GeorgeIII 3
Knox, R., 5
Eldon, Lord
GeorgeIII 3
Eleanorof Aquitaine
Henry ll bio
Hepburn 2
Elgar,Sir Edward
Kreisler bio
Eliot, CharlesWilliam
rU7hiteh
ead2
Eliot, John
Eliot, T[homas]S[tearns]
Acton 1
Elisabeth,Queenof Belgium
ElizabethI, Queen of England
and Ireland
Bacon2, 3
Bull 1
Cole bio, I
Dale 1
Drake bio
Gladstone3
JamesI bio
Mary, Queenof Scots, bio

573
Raleighbio, l-2, 4, 6
peare4
Shakes
Spenser1
Stubbs1
ElizabethII, Queenof the United
Kingdom
Anne, Princes
s, bio
Charles,Prince,bio
Churchill,Ul., 26
Coolidge11
Elizabeth the Queen Mother
bio, 4-s
Hartnell bio
Margaret,Princess,bio
Philip, Prince,bio, I
Elizabeththe QueenMother
GeorgeYl bio, 3
Hartnell bio
Ellenborough,Edward Law, lst
Baron
Napier 1"
Ellington, Duke
Fitzgerald,8., bio
Ruth 4
Elliot, Hugh
Elliston, Robert William
Ellsworth,Annie
Morse 1
Elman, Mischa
Godowsky 1
Kreisler3
Emerson,Ralph Waldo
Dodge L
Thoreau4
Empedocles
Enesco,Georges
Engels,Friedrich
Engheim, Louis Antoine Henri
de BourbonCond6,duc d'
NapoleonI 5
Englund,George
Collins,J., 1
Ennius,Quintus
ScipioNasicaSerapio1
Epictetus
Epstein,Sir Jacob
Epstein,Joseph
tU7augh
5-5
Erasmus,Desiderius
Eric the Red
Erne,Lord
Norbury 3
Erskine,John
Erskine,Thomas, lst Baron
Esher,Lord
Alexandra 1
Eshkol, Levi
Esparb6s,
Mme d'
Louis XV 1

INDEX

Esposito,Phil
Essex,Earl of
ElizabethI bio
Este,Alfonso d'
AlexanderVI 1
Este,Borso d'
Esterhdzy,Prince
Haydn 2
Euclid
Pascal1
Eugdnie
Castiglionebio
Euler, Leonhard
Diderot 1
Euripides
Porsonbio, 2
Eusebiusof Caesarea
Constantine[the Great] |
Evans,Sir Arthur [John]
Evans,Dame Edith
Coward 8
Gielgud 1
Thorndike 3
Evans,Peter
Sellers4
Evarts,William Maxwell
Hayes,R. 8., L
Everett,Edward
Ewell, Richard S.
Jacksotr,T. J., 3
Fabian
ShawG
, ,8.r 26
Fadiman,Clifton
Dali 3
Durante2
Goldwyn 15
G u n t h e r1 , 2
Kaufman 6
Rubinstein,Arthur, 1
Fagiuoli, Giovanni Battista
Fairbanks,Douglas
FaisalIbn Abdul Aziz
Falla, Manuel de
FalliEres,[Clement]Armand
GeorgeV 1
Fangio,Juan Manuel
Faraday,Michael
Farouk I
Nasserbio
Farquhar,Sir Walter
Farragut,David Glasgow
Faulkner,William
Anderson bio
Hemingway6
Faur6,Gabriel Urbain
Favras,ThomasdeMahay, Marquis de

OF NAMES

Fawkes,Guy
Felecki
Molndr 3
F6lix, Elisa.SeeRachel
Ferber,Edna
Coward 4
Ferdinand,King of Spain
Columbusbio
FerdinandI, Emperor of Austria
FerdinandI, King of Bulgaria
FerdinandIV, King of Castile
FergusI, King of Scotland
Gardner,I. S.,2
Fergusson,George,Lord
Hermand
Fermat, Pierrede
Fermi, Enrico
Rabi 1
Szilard1
Fernandel[FernandJosephD6sir6 Contandinl
Ferrara,Duke of
AlexanderVI 1
Ferrell,Robert H.
Truman 7
Festing,Michael
Arne 1
F6tis,Frangois-Joseph
Rossini2
Feydeau,Georges
Field, Eugene
Field, John
Field, Marshall, III
Fielding,Henry
Fields,JamesT.
Thackeray1
Fields, W. C. fU7illiam Claude
Dukenfieldl
Connelly2
Fier,Jack
tU7elles
2
Fifield,rU7illiam
Cocteau4
Marceau 1
Fillmore, Millard
Firbank, Ronald
Fisher,Eddie
Kaufman2l
Fisher,Sir Admiral John
M"ry, QueenConsort, I
Fiske,Jim
Vanderbilt, C., 3
Fiske,Minnie Maddern
Fitzgerald,Ella
Fitzgerald,F[rancis]Scott [Key]
Campbell,Mrs. P., 5
Fitzgerald,2., bio, I
Hemingway4
Parker,D., 15

674

INDEX OF NAMES

Fitzgerald, Zelda
Fitzgerald,F. 5., bio
Fitzsimmons,Robert
Flaherty, Robert
Flaman,Fernie
Henry, C., 1
Flanner,Janet
Flaubert,Gustave
Fleetwood,Sir William
Fleming,Sir Alexander
Shor 1
Fleming,Ian
Fletcher,Grace
\7ebster,D., 5
Fletcher,Henry Prather
Fletcher,John
Beaumontbio
Coward 8
Keats3
Florey,Sir Howard
Fleming,A., bio
Flynn, Errol
Curtiz l-z
Foch, Ferdinand
Fokine,Michel
Bernhardt13
Diaghilev bio
Foley,Admiral
Victoria 13
Fonda,Henry
Fontaine,Joan
Cohn I
Fontanne,Lynn
Connelly2
Lunt bio, l, 2, 3
Fontenelle,Bernard de
du Deffand bio
Voltaire7, ll
Fonteyn,Dame Margot
Foote,Henry S.
Benton2
Foote,Samuel
Garrick 1
Wilkes 5
Forain,Jean-Louis
Degasl, 3
Forbes,Bryan
Evans,E., 5
Ford, Betty
ElizabethII 5
Ford, Edsel
DuveenI
Ford, Gerald R.
ElizabethII 5
Nixon bio
Reagan4
Ford, Henry
Duveen5
Edison, T., 7

Ford,Jack
ElizabethII 5
Ford, John
Fordyce,George
Forgy, Howell Maurice
Forrest,Nathan Bedford
Forster,John
Fosdick,Harry Emerson
Foster,Lady Elizabeth
Gibbon 2
Foster,StephenCollins
Fouch6,Jacques
AlexanderI 1
Fouch6,Joseph,Duc d'Otrante
NapoleonI 5
Fouiita
Noailles1
Fowler, Gene
Cooper,Gary, 1.
Fox, CharlesJames
Selwyn2
Sheridatr,R. B., 10
Thurlow bio
Fox, George
Fraguier,Claude FranEois
France,Anatole
Harris, F., 1
FrancisI, King of France
CharlesV (Spain)1
Henry VIII 1
FrancisII, Holy Roman
Emperor
FrancisII, King of France
Mary, Queenof Scots,bio
FrancisFerdinand,Archduke of
Austria
FrancisJosephbio
FrancisJoseph,Emperor of
Austria
CharlesI (Austria) bio
Dreyschock1
Ferdinand I bio
FrancisFerdinandbio
Schwarzenbergbio
Francisof Assisi,Saint
Franck,James
Oppenheimer1
Franco,Francisco
Frangoisd'Orl6ans,Princede
Joinville
Rachel1
Franiu,Georges
Godard 1
Frank,Philipp
Einstein3
Franken,Rose
Golden 1
Franklin, Beniamin
Jefferson,T., 3

Paine1
Pringle1
Franks,Sir Oliver Shewell
Frasso,Countessdi
Cooper,Gary, L
Frederick,theEmpress(Victoria)
of Prussia
Victoria "l,l
FrederickII [Frederickthe
Greatl
Bach,C. P. E., 1
Franklin 5
Elliot 1
Euler bio
FredericktUfilliamL
Maria Theresa bio
Voltaire bio
FrederickAugustusI, King of
Saxony
NapoleonI 4
Talleyrand11
FrederickWilliam I, King of
Prussia
FrederickX7illiam,Crown
Prince
Pdtain1
FrederickWilliam IV, King of
Prussia
French,David Chester
Emerson5
Freud, Sigmund
Frick, Henry Clay
Friedman,Benny
Nagurski 2
Frisco,Joe
Frith, Isabelle
Frith 1
Frith, William Powell
Frohman,Charles
Barrymore,J., 3
Frost,David
Nixon 9
Perot 1
Frost, Robert Lee
Thomas,lP.l E., bio
Fry, Roger
Fugger,Johann
Fuller, Margaret,Marchioness
d'Ossoli
Peabodybio
Fuller, Melville Weston
Fuller, Richard Buckminster
Fullerton,Villiam
Shelburne1
Fulton, Robert
Furtwingler, Wilhelm
Prokofiev1,
Fuseli,Henry [fohann Heinrich
Ftisslil

675
Gabin, Jean
Gable,Clark
Faulkner5
Goldwyn t2
Thalberg3
Gabor, Eva
Coward 14
Gabor, Zsa Zsa
Gainsborough,Thomas
Gaisford, Thomas
Galbraith, John Kenneth
Galen
Galento,Tony
Louis,I., 4
Galiani, Abb6 Ferdinando
Raynal 1
Galileo [GalileoGalilei]
Galli-Curci, Amelita
Grange 1"
Gallup, peorge Horace
Galois, Evariste
Galvani, Luigi
Gandhi, Indira
Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand fMahatma]
Halifax, E., bio
Garbo, Greta [Greta Louisa
Gustafsson]
Garcia,Manuel
Malibran bio
Gardner,Erle Stanley
Gardner,IsabellaStewart
["Mrs. Jack"]
Garfield,JamesAbram
Lincoln, R. T., I
Garibaldi,Giuseppe
Peardbio, I
RochefortL
Garland,Judy [FrancesGumm]
Hayward bio
Garner,John Nance
Garrickr'David
Arne 2
Foote 8
Johnsoo,S., 19, 24
Reynolds bio
rU7offin
gton bio
Garrison,C. K.
Vanderbilt,C., 1
Garrison, William Lloyd
Garrod, HeathcoteWilliam
Garth, Sir Samuel
Pope,Alexander,I
Garvey,RichardC.
Coolidge5
Gates,John Warne
Gatti-C as^zz^,Giulio
Gaucher,Lolotte
Albemarle1

INDEX OF NAMES

Gauguin,Paul
Fry1
Gaulle, de.Seede Gaulle
Gauss,Karl Friedrich
Gaxton, I7illiam
Kaufman L
Gty, John
Hyde, C., bio
Gehrig, [Henry] Lou[is]
Gelon
Genet.SeeFlanner,Janet
Geoffrin, Marie-Th6rdse
George,Grace
Brady bio
George,Mlle (Marguerite-Josephine Weimar)
rUfellingtonL5
GeorgeI, King of Great Britain
and Ireland
Bolingbroke bio
GeorgeII, King of Great Britain and Ireland
Carolineof Ansbachbio, 2
Chesterfieldbio
FrederickWilliam I 2
Pope,Alexander,3
Selwyn3
tU7ashin
gton 2
rUfolfe2
GeorgeIII, King of Great Britain and Ireland
Burke bio
Charlottebio
Franklin 5
GeorgeIY bio
Gibbon 3
Hancock 1
Herschel bio
Hunter bio
M"ry, QueenConsort,bio
Nelson L
North 3
Pringle1
Selwyn3
Wilkes 5
GeorgeIV, King of Great Britain and Ireland
Brummellbio, 3, 4
Carolineof Brunswickbio, l,
3-4
Georgelll bio, 3
North 3
Sheridan16
Victoria L
tUTilkes
5
GeorgeV, King of the United
Kingdom
Asquith,M., 5
Cadbury L

Mary, QueenConsort,bio
Sargent1
GeorgeVI, King of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Armstrong,L.r Z
Bennett,4., 3
ElizabethII 1
Elizabeththe QueenMother
bio, 5-7
M"ry, QueenConsortr2
Montgomery,B. L.r z
George-Brown,Baron
Gerard,JamesWatson
Gerguson,Harry F. SeeRomanoff, Mike
Gerry, Elbridge
Harrison,B., 1
Gershwin,George
Gershwin,1.,bio
Kaufman bio
Levant bio
Marx, G., 5
Gershwin,Ira
Gest,Morris
Cooper,D., I
Gesvres,Bernard Frangois
Potier, Marquis de
Getty,J[ean]Paul
Dempsey3
Ghiberti, Lorenzo
Michelangelo6
Giampetro,Joseph
Gibbon, Edward
Necker bio
Gibbs,JosiahWillard
Gide, Andre
Gielgud, $ir John
Gieseking,Valter
Enesco1
Gifford, tVilliam
Hazlitt 2
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey
Gilbert, John
Claire 1
Lillie 9
Gilbert, W[illiam] S[chwenck]
Dreyschock1
Sullivan,A. 5., bio
Giles, Frank Thomas
Robertson
Gill, Brendan
Liebling 1
Gilot, Frangoise
Giolitti, Giovanni
Giorgione[Giorgioneda
Castelfranco]
Giotto [Giotto di Bondone]
Gipp, George
Gerard,Stephen

INDEX

676

OF NAMES

Gerard (continued)
Greeley3
Girardi
FrancisJosephI
Giraudoux,Jean
Giroux, Robert
Elioq T. S., 8
Girtin, Thomas
Turner 5
Gladstone,Catherine
Gladstone2
Gladstone,William Ewart
Chamberlain,
J., bio
Disraeli5-7, 15
Faraday1
Labouchere4
Napoleon,E. L. J. J., 3
Tennyson5
Victori a bio
\X/ilkes5
Gleason,Jackie
Gloucester,\ilfilliam Henry,
Duke of
Gibbon 3
Gluck, ChristophWillibald
Arnould bio
Gluck-Sandor
Tamiris L
Glyn, Elinor
Gobbo,Il
Michelangelo1
Godard,Jean-Luc
Godiva, Lady
Godowsky,Leopold
PachmannL
Godwin, \Uflilliam
Shelley,M., bio
Goering, Hermann Wilhelm
Baker,I.r 2
Goethe,August
Goethe4
Goethe,Johann Wolfgang von
BeethovenL
Hugo 5
Reinhardt bio
Gogarty,Oliver IJoseph]St.
John
Yeats2
Gogol
Pushkin1
Goldberg,Arthur J[oseph]
Golden,John
Goldsmith,Oliver
Boswell1
Sheridan,R. 8., 12
Goldwater,Barry
Kennedy,
I. F., L0
Goldwyn, Frances

Goldwyn18, 22
Warner 2
Goldwyn, Samuel
Arlen 1
Ford,J., I
Korda 2
Marx, G., 14
Mayer bio, 5
Shaw,G. B., 1,9
Thurber 2
Warner 2
Goldwyn,Samuel,Jr.
Goldwyn 17
Gomez,Vernon ["Lefty"]
Goncourt,Edmondde
Balzac6
Goodhart, Charles
tUfilde13
Goodman,Benny [Benjamin
Davidl
Goodman,Dodie
Goodwin, Nat
Carleton1
Gordon, Lord George
Gordon,John Brown
Lee 3
Gordon, Richard
Gordon,Ruth
Kaufman 15
Parker,D.r 20
Gore-Booth,Paul Henry, Baron
Gorki, Maksim [AlekseiMaksimovich Peshkovl
Caine1
Gossage,
Howard
Steinbeck3
Gosse,Sir Edmund
James,H.r 2, 4
Maugham I
Gould, Jay
Grable,Betty
Gracchus,Gaius
Cornelia1
Gracchus,Tiberius
CorneliaI
ScipioNasicaSerapiobio
Gracchus,TiberiusSempronius
Corneliabio
Grace,Princess
Kelly, G., bio
Rainierbio
Grace,W[illiam] G[ilbert]
Graham,Billy
Evans,E., I
Graham,Frank
Rice 1
Grahamof Claverhouse
Cameron,E., bio

Grainger,PercyAldridg.
Gramont,Comtede
Louis XIV 7
Grange,Red [Harold]
Nagurski 1
Grant, Cary [Archibald Leach]
Grant,Julia Dent
Grant,U. S., l, 13
Grant, UlyssesSimpson
Benchley5
Greeleybio
Lee,R. E., 3
Mizner,'W.,3
Twain 11
Grasset,Bernard
Cocteau5
Grassini,Giuseppina
Graves,Amy
GravesL
Graves,Robert Ranke
Lawrence,T. E., 112
Murray, Gilbert, 2
Gray, Thomas
Blake,VI., bio
Graziano,Rocky fThomas
RoccoBarbellal
Greeley,Horace
Greeley,Mrs. Horace
Fuller,Margaret,2
Green,Hetty [Henrietta
Howlandl
Green,JosephHenry
Greene,Graham
Greenwood,Frederick
Gregory I, Saint
Gregory,Lady Augusta
Yeatsbio
Grenfell,JoyceIrene
Greville,Mrs. Ronald [Maggie]
Chamberlain,
H.,2
Grey, Edward, lst Viscount
Grey of Fallodon
Grieg, Edvard Hagerup
Cortot L
Grainger1
Rachmaninoff1
'W.
Griffith, D.
Previn1
Tree 4
Grimaldi,Joseph
Abernethy5
Grimm, Charlie
Gromyko, Andrei
1"
Kissinger
'$Talter
Gropius,
\Xlefiel bio
Grote, George
Grote bio

677
Grote, Harriet
Guggenheim,Peggy
Guiche,Comte de
Louis XIV 4
Guimard, Marie
Arnould l.
Guimond, Esther
Guinan,Texas
Edward VIII 1
Guines,Adrien-Louisde
Bonniires, Duke of
Guinness,Sir Alec
Guinness,Gloria
Cooper,D., 2
Guinness,Loel
Cooper,D., 2
Guitry, Lucien
Bernhardt15
Guitry, 5., bio
Guitry, Sacha
Guitry, L., bio
Guizot, FranEois
Lieven 1
Gulbenkian,CalousteSarkis
Gulbenkian bio
Gulbenkian,Nubar Sarkis
Gunther,Frances
Gunther 3
Gunther,John
La Guardia2
Gunther,Johnny
Gunther 3
GustavV, King of Sweden
Thorpe 1
GustavusAdolphus,King of
Sweden
Christina bio
OscarII 1
GustavusVasa,King of
Sweden
OscarII 1
Gwenn, Edmund
Gwyn, Nell [Eleanor]
Charlesll 9
Haas,Bob
Edman 1
Haddad,William
Kennedy,I. F., t7
Hadrian
Haeseler,Count Gottlieb
YOn
Hagen, Walter
Sarazen L
Hailsham, Lord
Marten 1
Halbe, Max

INDEX

Halberstam,David
Johnsor,L. B.r 2
Haldane,J[ohn] B[urdon]
S[anderson]
Haldan,R. 8., bio
Haldane,John Scott
Knox, R., 4
Haldane, Richard Burdon,
ViscountHaldane
Hale, Edward Everett
Howe, J. W., 2
Hale, Nathan
Hal6vy,JacquesFranEois
Rossini1
Haley, Alex
Halifax, CharlesMontague, lst
Earl of
Halifax, Edward Frederick
Lindley Wood, Earl of
Halkett, Colonel Hugh
Cambronne1.
Hall, Sir Beniamin
Hall, Donald
Thomas,D., 2
Hall, Radclyffe
Goldwyn 5
Hallam, Arthur
. Tennysonbio
Haller, Albrechtvon
Voltaire 10
Halsey,William Frederick,Jr.
Hamid II, Abdul, Sultanof
Turkey
John,A., 1
Hamilton, Alexander
Burr bio
Hamilton, Lady Emma
Nelsonbio, 5, 7
Hamilton, Sir \U7illiam
Nelson 5
Hamilton, \U(Iillie
S7ilson,H., 2
Hammarskjold,Dag
Khrushchev1
Hammerstein,Dorothy
Hammerstein2
HammersteinII, Oscar
Rodgersbio, I
Hammett, Dashiell
Bankhead1
Hampshire,Susan
Charles,Prince,L
Hamsun, Knut
Hancock,John
Franklin 3
Handel, GeorgeFrideric
BroughamL
Georgell bio, 1,

OF NAMES

Hannibal
Hanska,Evelina
Balzac t
Harcourt, Sir Ifilliam
Devonshire2
Tennyson9
Hardie, fiames]Keir
Harding, Chester
BooneL'S7arren
Harding,
G.
Debs1
Lardner 3
Hardy, G[odfrey]H[arold]
Ramanujanbio, I
Russell,Bertrand,2-3
Hardy, Thomas
Barrie 2
Caine1
Hardy, ThomasMasterman
Nelson6-7
Harlow, Jean
Asquith,M., 1,
Harmodius
IphicratesL
Harold, King
William I bio
Harriman,E. H.
Muir 1
Harriman, W[illiam] Averell
Harris, Frank fiamesThomas]
Bennett,A., 1
Wilde 4
Harris, George
Harris, Jarnes
TownshendL
Harris, Jed
Kaufman 9
Harris, Roy
Boulanger,N., I
Harris, Sam
Marx, G., 8
Harrison, Beniamin ("Signer")
Harrison, Beniamin (Pres.)
Harrison, George
Harrison, I7illiam Henry
Harrisoo,B. (Pres.),bio
Tecumsehbio, t
Hart, Lorenz
Rodgersbio, I
Hart, Moss
Brooks,M., 3
Harris,J., bio
Kaufman bio
\U7oollcott4
Harte, [Francis]Bret
Hartington, Lord
Lamb, Caroline,2
Hartleben, Otto Erich

INDEX

678

OF NAMES

Hartley, David
Burke 2
Hartnell, Norman
'Sfarren
Hastings,
Burke 4
Hatto
Hatton, Lady Elizabeth
Coke 1
Hatton, Sir Sfilliam
Coke 1
Hauptmann,Gerhart
Werfel I
Havemeyer,Louisine Waldron
Elder
Hawkins, Anthony Hope
Betty 1
Hawkes,Howard
Faulkner5
Hawthorne, Nathaniel
Melville 1
Peabodybio
Hawtrey, Sir CharlesHenry
H"y, Lord Charles
H"y, John
Harte 2
Hayakawa,S. I.
Haydn, FranzJoseph
Mozart 4
RegerL
Hayes,Helen
Connelly2
MacArthur, C., bio
I7oollcott 8
Hayes,Rutherford B.
Haymes,Dick
Hayworth 1
Hayward, Sir John
Bacon2
Hayward, Leland
Faulkner 2
Hayworth, Rita
Hazlitt, William
Hearst, William Randolph
Bennett,J. G,, 2
Davies,M., bio
Fowler 2
Parker,D., 4
Rogers,W., I
Sfelles&io
Heath, Edward
Beaverbrook,I(/., 1,
Hecht, Ben
Lederer 1
MacArthur, C., bio
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm
Hegermann-Lindencrone,
Lillie
de
Lincoln,A., 17
Heggen,Thomas

Heidegger,John James
Heifetz, Jascha
Godowsky 1
Kreisler3
PerlmanL
Heine,Eugenie
Heine2
Heine, Heinrich
Meyerbeer1,
'$Terner
Heisenberg,
Einstein5
Helen,Princessof Greece
Carol lI bio
Albert, Prince,3
Hellman, Lillian
Bankhead1
Hammett 4
Parker,D., 17
Hellmesberger,Joseph
Helpmann,Robert
Berners4
Helprin, Mark
Helv6tius,Mme
Franklin 1
Hemingway, Ernest
Anderson bio
Berra 3
Faulkner5
Hayward bio
O'Hara 1
RossL0
Stein2
Hemingway,Hadley
Hemingway2
Hemingway,Patrick
Hemingway7
Hemingway,Pauline
Hemingway2
Henderson,Fletcher
Smith,8., bio
Hendrick
Johnson,'W.,L
Henri III, King of France
Henri IY bio
Henri IV, King of France
Marie de M6dicis bio
Henry, Duke of Gloucester
Victoria 1.7
Henry I, King of England
Henry Il bio
Henry II, King of England
Eleanorof Aquirainebio, 1
Henry IV, King of England
Henry V, Holy Roman
Emperor
Fugger1
Henry VI, Holy Roman
Emperor
RichardI bio

Henry VIII, King of England

Boleynbio, 1,2
Catherineof Aragon bio, 1
Churchill,V/., 34
Cole bio
Cranmer bio
Elizabeth I bio
Howard, C., bio, 1
Kingsalebio
Latimer bio
Mary I bia
More, T., bio
Skelton,J., bio, I
Henry, Camille
Henry, O.
Henson,Josiah
Stowe L
Henze,Hans Werner
Christi,J., 1,
Hepburn, Katharine
Barrymore,J., 5
Bogart bio
Tracy bio, 2
Hepburn,Ralph
Shaw,W., 1
Hepburn,Dr. Thomas
Hepburn L
Herbert, A[lan] P[atrick]
Montgomery,B. L., 1
Sargent,M., 5
Herbert, tUTilliam[3rd Earl of
Pembrokel
Pembrokebio, I
Herford, Oliver
HermBs,Emile-Maurice
Dietrich 2
Herodotus
Thales1
Herrmann,Bernard
Levant 3
Herrmann,Max
Bunsen1,
Herschel,Caroline
Herschel bio
Herschel,Sir William
GeorgeIII 1
Hervey, Lord
Pope,Alexander,3
Herzl, Theodor
Zangwlll bio
Ffess,Dame Myra
Heth, Henry
Lee,R. E., 2
Hevesy,Georg de
Hewart, Gordon, lst Viscount
Smith,F. E., 9
Heyerdahl,Thor
Hicks, Seymour
Lonsdale1

679
Hideyoshi
Hiero I
Archimedesbio 1,r2
Higgins,Joe
Ross2
Higginson,Thomas'U7entworth
Howe, J. V., 2
Higham,Thomas
Knox, R., 3
Hilbert, David
Hill, John
Hill, Rowland
Hillary, Sir Edmund
Mallory 1
Hindemith, Paul
Hindenburg,Paul von
LiebermannL
Hippias
IphicratesL
Hitchcock, Sir Alfred
Simenon2
Hitler, Adolf
Budge1
Chamberlain,N., bio, 1
Chaplin bio
Forgy 1
Goeringbio
P1tain bio
Hoar, GeorgeFrisbie
Hoare, Sir Samuel
GeorgeV 6
Hobbs,Jack [Sir John Berry]
Hobhouse,John Cam
Byron 2
Hobson,Laura Z.
Hobson,Thayer
Hobson,L., I
Hobson, Thomas
Hocking, Agnes
Hocking bio
Hocking, William Ernest
Hodson, Henrietta
Gilbert,W. S., 5
Hoffmann, Ernst Theodor
Wilhelm
Hofmann, JosefCasimir
Hogarth, William
HeideggerL
Hogg, ThomasJefferson
Shelley,P. 8., I
Hokusai
Holbach,Baron d'
Geoffrin 1
Holbein,Hans
Henry VIII 2
Holding, Michael
Johnston,8.,2
Holland, Lady
Orsay2

INDEX

Holland, George
Holland, Henry Fox, Lst Baron
Selwyn1
Holles, Denzil Holles, lst
Baron
Holliday, Judy [Judith Tuvim]
Cukor 1
Holmes, Fanny Dixwell
Holmes,O. W., Jr.r4
Holmes,John
Holmes,John Clellon
KerouacL
Holmes,Oliver Wendell,Sr.
HolmeS,J., bio, I
'W.,
Holmes,O.
Jr.r2, 4
Holmes,Oliver Wendell,Jr.
Emerson5
Lincoln,A., 2l
Holmes,F. D., bio, 213
Holmes,O. W., Sr., 8
Home, Alec Douglas-,Baron
Home of the Hirsel
Home, YI., bio
Home, Lady DouglasHome, A., 1
Home, RachelDouglasHome, V., 1
Home, William DouglasMorley, R., I
Homer
Pope,Alexander,bio
Homer, Winslow
Hook, Theodore Edward
Hooker, Joseph
Lincoln,A., 24
Hooper, Admiral
Fermi 1
Hoover, Herbert
Long 2
Ruth 1
Hoover, Mrs. Herbert
Horowitz 3
Hoover, J. Edgar
Johnsor,L. B., 4
Hope, Bob [LeslieTownes]
rU7hitelawL
Hopkinson,Charles
Holmes,O. \(/., Jr., 5
Hoppner,John
Porson3
Horace
Porson1
Hore-Belisha,
Leslie
GeorgeV 9
Hornblow, Arthur, Jr.
Mankiewicz2
Horne, Lena
Jessel2
Horowitz, Yladimir

OF NAMES

Horthy de Nagybinya, Mikl6s

Horton, Edward Everett
Al
Horwits,
'Winters
L
Hotham, Lady Gertrude
Chesterfield3
Houdini, Harry [Ehrich Weiss]
Houghton, GeorgeH.
Holland 1
House,Colonel
L0
Clemenceau
Housman,A[lfred] E[dward]
Barrie I-2
Housman,Laurence
Housman2
Howard of Effinghaffi,Lord
Drake 2
Howard, Catherine
Howarci,Lady Elizabeth
Dryden 2
Howard, Frank
Namath 1,
Howard, Leslie
Howard, Lady Lorna
Baldwin 2
Howard, Lady Mary
Murray, Gilbert, I
Howarth, David
Drake 2
Howarth, Humphrey
Howe, Elias
Howe, Gordie
Ford, G., 1
Howe, Julia Ward
Astor,J., 1
Howells, William Dean
Stowe L
Twain 9
Howells,Mrs. \Tilliam Dean
Howells 2
Hruska, Roman Lee
Hubbard, Cal
Nagurski 1
Hughes,William Morris
Hugo, Victor
Hulbert,Jack
Courtneidgebio, 1
Hulbert, Merritt
Goldwyn 3
Hull, Cordell
Hoover 3
Humboldt, FriedrichHbinrich
Alexander,Baron von
n, T ., 7
Jefferso
Hume, David
Hume, Paul
Truman 2
Humes,John
Humphry,Hubert Horatio

INDEX

OF NAMES

Huncke, Herbert
Kerouac1
Hundley, Rodney
Hunt, Leigh
Carlyle 5
Hunt, William Holman
Rossettibio
Hunter, John
Hurst, Fannie
Roosevelt,F. D., 3
Huston, John
Hutchins, Robert Maynard
Huxley, Aldous Leonard
Huxley,1., bio
Huxley, Sir Julian
Huxley,A., 2
Huxley, Thomas Henry
Huxley,A., bio
Huxley,J., I
Huysmans,Joris Karl
Hyde, Lady Catherine
Hyde, William
Hyde-White, Wilfrid
Hylan, John F.
Hynd, Dr. Samuel
SobhuzaII 1
Hyrtl, Joseph
Ibn Saud
Ibrahim Pasha
Ibsen,Henrik
Archer bio
Dusebio
Fiskebio
Gossebio
Reinhardt bio
Ikku, Jippensha
Inchbald, Elizabeth
Inge, William Ralph
Bridges2
Ingemann,BernhardSeverin
Andersen1
Ingersoll,Robert Green
Beecher4
Brooks,P., I
Ingyo
Duchessof
Inverness,
Russell
, J., 2
Iphicrates
Irving, Sir Henry
Tennyson2
Twain 13
Irwin, Ben
Laughton2
Isabella,QueenConsort
Edward llI bio
Isabella,Queenof Spain
Columbusblo
Isabey,Jean-Baptiste

580
Isherwood,Christopher
Auden bio, I
Jacks,Arthur
Lardner 2
Jackson,Andrew
Adams,J. Q., bio
Buchanan1
Van Buren bio
Jackson,Charles
'W'.,
Holmes,O.
Sr., 4
Jackson,JudgeHowell
Edmunds
HolmeS,O. W., Jr.r4
Jackson,Joe
Jackson,Rachel
Jackson,A., 1.
Jackson,ThomasJonathan
["Stonewall"]
Jacobi, Karl GustavJacob
Jacobi,M. H.
Jacobi,K., 1
Jagel,Frederick
Slezak1
Jakes,John
Lewis,S., 2
JamesI, King of Englandand
Ireland
Bacon4
Coke bio
Digby bio
FawkesL
GeorgeI bio
Jonsonbio
Mtry, Queenof Scots,bio
Raleighbio, 8
JamesII, King of England,
Scotland,and lreland
CharlesII 5, 9
Jeffreysbio
Milton 2
Sedley1
Valler bio
tVilliam lll bio
JamesV, King of Scotland
Mary, Queenof Scots,bio
JamesVI, King of Scotland. See
JamesI
James,Henry
Alexander,G., 1
Gossebio
James,\U(/.,bio, 3, 4
Peabodybio
James,Jesse
James,William
Jarcy,Alfred
Jefferson,Joseph
Jefferson,Martha (Skelton)
Jefferson,T., 2

Jefferson,Thomas
Adams,J., 2
Burr bio
Clay,H., 3
Franklin2
Kenned/,J. F., 15
tVoodbridge1
Jeffkins,Robert
DePalma1
Jeffrey,Francis
Smith,S.,3
Jeffreys,George,lst Baron
Jeffreysof Wem
Jeffries,JamesJ.
FitzsimmonsL
Jekyll,Dr.
Hyde,'V(/'.,
1.
J6r6me,King of Westphalia
Mathil de bio
Jerome,Jennie
Churchill,R. H.5., bio
Jerrold, Douglas
Barham2
Jessel,George
Joad, Cyril Edwin Mitchinson
Joan of Arc
Churchill,UI., 24
de Gaulle4
John XXIII, Pope
Snead1
Spellman2
John III Sobieski,King of
Poland
John, Mr.
Lee,G. R., 1
John, Augustus[Edwin]
Firbank 1
John of the Cross,Saint
Teresaof Avil a bio
Johnson,Andrew
Johnson,Hibbard
Wright, F. L., I
Johnson,Lyndon Baines
Humphrey bio
Oppenheimer3
Johnson,Nunnally
Cooper,Gary,2
Monroe 1
Johnson,Samuel
Boswellbio, 1,2
Dennis2
Goldsmith bio, I
Reynolds bio
Siddons3
Johnson,SamuelC.
F. L., 1
Wright,'$Talter
Johnson,
Ruth 5
Johnson,Sir William

68r
Johnston,AlexanderKeith
Thomsotr,J., I
Johnston,Brian [Alexander]
Jolley, Smead
Jolson,Al [Asa Yoelson]
Jones,Dean
Marlborough,J. C., 1
Jones,Henry Arthur
Jones,Henry Festing
Butler,S., I
Jones,Inigo
Jonsonbio
Jones,James
Jones,John Paul
Jones,ThomasG.
Gordon,J. B., 1
Jonson,Ben
Corbet bio
Shakespeare
3
Jordan,Dorothea
Betty 1
JosephII, Holy Roman
Emperor
CatherineII 1
Maria Theresa bio
Joule,JamesPrescott
Kelvin 2
Jovanovich,Ifilliam
Russell,Bertrand,1
Jowett, Beniamin
Joyce,James
Gogarty bio
John, A., bio
Joyce,John, bio, 2-3
Nerval L
Joyce,John
Joynson-Hicks,Grace
Joynson-Hicks1
Joynson-Hicks,William
Juang-zu
Julia
Augustus5
Julian
Juliana,Queen
Vilhelmina bio
Julius II, Pope
Michelangelobio
Julius III, Pope
Jullien, Louis Antoine
Jurg, Carl
Freud 1
Jungmann,Elisabeth
Beerbohm5, 6
Jusserand,
JeanAdrien Antoine
Jules
Kac, Mark
Kahn, Otto H.
Kallio, Kytisti

INDEX

Kames,Henry Home, Lord

Kanin, Garson
Tracy 2
Kant, Immanuel
Karajan,Herbert von
Nilsson 2
Karl Alexander
Karno, Fred
Chaplin bio
Karnow, Stanley
Luce,H., I
Karsavina,Tamara
Karsh,Yousuf
Armstrotrg,N., 2
Casals4
Hemingway8
John XXIII 3
Shaw,G.8.r 24
Karsh,Mrs. Yousuf
Armstroog,N., 2
Kasner,Edward
Katte, Lieutenant
FrederickI(rilliam I 1
Kaufman,Beatrice
Adams,F. P., 213
Kaufman 4
Levant5r 6
Kaufman,GeorgeS[imon]
Adams,F. P., 2
Harris,J., bio
Levant 5
Marx, H.r 2
Thalberg2
Kaunitz-Rietburg,Wenzel
Anton, Princevon
Kaye,Danny
ShawG
, .8.r 27
Thurber 2
Kean,Edmund
Macready bio
Keating,Fred
Bankhead 4
Keats,John
Lowell, A., bio
Wordsworth L
Kefauver,Estes
Kennedy,J. F., 3
Keith, Lieutenant
FredericktUfilliamI 1
Keith, Mrs. Murray
Scott 3
Kekul6 von Stradonitz, [Friedrichl August
Kelland, ClarenceBudington
Keller, Helen Adams
Kelly, George
Kelly, Grace.SeeGrace,
Princess
Kelly, Michael

OF NAMES

Kelly, tUfalt
Perry 1
Kelvin, William Thomson, lst
Baron
Kemble,Charles
Siddons bio
Kemble,Fanny [FrancesAnne]
Kemble,C., bio
Kemble,J. P., bio
Siddonsbio
Kemble,John Philip
Kemble,5., bio
Siddonsbio
Kemble,Roger
Siddons1
Kemble,Stephen
Kendal,Madge
Bernhardt5
Kennedy,Caroline
Kennedy,
J. F., L5
Kennedy,Edward M.
Kennedyrl. P., bio
Kennedy,Ethel
Kennedy,J. P.r4
Kennedy,Jacgueline.See
Onassis,Jacqueline
Kennedy,John Fitzgerald
Galbraith bio, 2
Goldber92
Johnsor,L. 8., bio
Kennedy,J. P., bio, 4
Khrushchev4
Ledru-Rollin 1
Lyautey 1
Nixon3,4
Oppenheimer3
Stevenson,
A. E.r 9
Taylor,M., bio
Thomas,N., 2
Kennedy,John F., Jr.
Kennedy,J. F., "1,7
Kennedy,JosephPatrick
Kennedy,
J. F., 2, 16
Kennedy,Robert F.
Kennedy,J. F., 8
Kennedy,J. P., bio, 4
Kent, Victoria, Duchessof
Victoria 3
Kepler,Johannes
Keppel,Alice
Sitwell,E.,2
Keppel,AugustusKeppel,lst
Viscount
Ker, William Paton
Gosse1.
Sharp1
Kern, Jerome[David]
Dietz bio
Hammerstein2

INDEX

682

OF NAMES

Kerouac,Jack
K6rouaille,Louisede
Gwyn L
Ketchel,Stanley
Mizner, V., 819
Keynes,John Maynard, lst
Baron
Galbraith bio
Khrushchev,Nikita Sergeyevich
Kennedy,J. F., 7, 14
Macmillan L
Kieran, John
Kiner, Ralph
King, Alan
Garland2
Kinglake, Alexander William
Kingsale,Michael William de
Courcy, Baron
Kingsley,Charles
Seeley1
Kipling, fioseph] Rudyard
Barrie 2
Bridges1
Dodge 1
Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert
Bunsenbio
Kirstein,Lincoln
Tamiris 1
Kissinger,Henry
Meir 3
Kitchener,Horatio Herbert, lst
Earl of Khartoum and
Broome
Asquith,M., 3
Kittredge, GeorgeLyman
Klein, Charles
Klemperer,Otto
Kliipfer, Eugene
Klopp, Onno
Churchill,W., 35
Kneller, Sir Godfrey
Knighton, Sir rUfilliam
GeorgeIV 1
Knoblock, Edward
Lubitsch 1
Knopf, Alfred A.
Knox, PhilanderChase
Knox, Ronald
Knox-Johnston,Robin
Koestler,Arthur
Koo, Wellington
Koppay, Joszi Arpid, Baron
von Dr6toma
Korda, Sir Alexander
Korda, Michael
Welles1
Korda, Vincent
Elizabeththe QueenMother 5
rUfelles1

Landers, Ann [Esther Pauline

Lederer, nde Friedman]
Landis, Kenesaw Mountain
Landor, Walter Savage
Landowska, Wanda
Landru, Henri D6sir6
Lang, Andrew
Zangwill 3
Lang, Gregor
Roosevelt, T., I
Lang, [tU7illiam] Cosmo Gordon,
Baron Lang of Lambeth
Langdon, Charles J.
Twain 4
Langdon, Olivia. See Clemens,
Olivia Langdon
Langevin, Sir Hector
MacDonald 1
Langrishe, Sir Hercules
Langtry, Lillie [Emilie Charlotte
le Bretonl
Lansdowne, Lord
Rogers, S., 1
Laplace, Pierre-Simon, Marquis
de
Labouchere,Henry
Larbaud, Valery
Laemmle,Carl
Lafayette,Marie JosephGilbert
Joyce, James, 7
Lardner, Jamgs
du Motier, Marquis de
O'Hara L
Stanton,C. E., I
Lardner, Ring [Ringgold
Lafitte,Jacques
Wilmerl
NapoleonI 13
La Fontaine,Jean de
La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt,
Duc de
Lagrange,Joseph-Louis
Laplace 2
Louis XVI 2
La Guardia, Fiorello
Larwood, Harold
Laird, Melvin
Latimer, Hugh
Laudon, Gideon Ernst von
Lais
Frederick II 9
Lamar, Lucius Quintus
Laughlin, James
Cincinnatus
Lamarr, Hedy
Nabokov L
Mature 2
Laughton, Charles
Lauzun, Armand Louis de
Lamb, Lady Caroline
Melbournebio
Gontaut, Duc de
Lamb, Charles
Laval, Pierre
Coleridge3
George V 6
Elliston 2
Lavater, Johann
\U7ordsworth2
Lichtenberg bio
Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent
Lamb, Mary
Law, [Andrew] Bonar
Lamb, Charles,bio, 1,
Lamb,William. SeeMelbourne, Law, Isabel Bonar
rU7illiamLamb, 2d Viscount
Law L
Lawrence D[avid] H[erbert]
Lambrino,Zizi
Lawrence, Gertrude
ll bio
Carol'\trfard
Elizabeth the Queen
Lamon,
Mother 7
Lincoln,A., 3
Lawrence, James
Lamour,Dorothy
Lawrence, Sir Thomas
Hope bio
Turner 3
Elsa
Lanchester,
Lawrence T[homas] E[dward]
Laughton 1.

Korda, Zoli
Korda 3
Kortright, C. J.
Grace2
Koussevitzky,Sergei
Toscanini1
Kranepool,Ed
Stengel3
Krasna,Norman
Cohn 3
Kraus,Karl
Altenberg1
Kreisler,Fritz
Krementz,Jill
FlannerL
Krock, Arthur
Kennedy,I. F., LL
Kroll, Leon
Homer L
Kruger, Paul
Rhodesbio
Kurland, Bob

683
Lawrence,William
Lawson,Wilfrid fWilfrid
\Torsnop]
Lazar,Irving Paul ["Swifty"]
Lazzeri, Tony
Alexander,G. C., L
Leach,Elsie
Grant, C., 1,
Leachman,Cloris
Collins,1., 1
Leadbeter,Don
Nixon 5
Leahy,William Daniel
Lear, Edward
Leblanc,Georgette
Maeterlinck2
Leblanc,Leonide
Aumale 1,-2
Lecouvreur,Adrienne
Voltaire 3
Lederer,Charles
MacArthur, C., 1
Ledru-Rollin, Alexandre
Auguste
Lee,Gypty Rose[RoseLouise
Hovickl
Lee,Harry
\Talker L
Lee,GeneralHenry
Washington9
Lee, Nathaniel
Lee,Robert E[dward]
Mizner, V., 3
Le Gallienne,Richard Thomas
Legros,Alphonse
Lehman,Herbert
Smith,A. E., L
Lehmann,Lilli
Leibniz,Gottfried \Tilhelm
Newton bio, 10
Leicester,Earl of
ElizabethI bio
Leigh, Augusta
Byron bio
Leigh,Vivien
Richardson2
Leighton, Frederic,Baron
Leighton of Stretton
Lely, Peter
Cromwell 1
Lemaitre,Jules
Detourbeybio
Lemierre,Antoine
Voltaire 14
Lemmon,Jack
Cukor L
Gwenn L
Hayworth 2
Lenclos,Ninon de

INDEX

Leng, Kyrle
BeatonL
Lenin,Vladimir
Trotsky bio
Stalin bio
Lenya,Lotte
Leo X, Pope
Aretino bio
Leofric, Earl of Mercia
Godivabio
Leon,Jean
Baker,J.r 2
Leonardoda Vinci
BellowsL
Caroto bio
Leonidas
Leopold,Prince
Bach,J. 5., bio
Leopold II, King of the
Belgians
Lepka,Louie
Lowell, R., 2
Leschetizky,Theodor
Lessing,Gotthold Ephraim
Levant,June
Levant 8
Levant,Oscar
Gershwin,G., L-2, 4,7
Hart L
Marx, H.r 2
Leventhal,Albert
Bernstein,R., L
Leverson,Ada
Wilde 15
Levi, Peter
Seferis1
Levick,M. B.
Ross4
Levine,Joseph
MastroianniL
Ldvis,Duc GastonPierre
Marc de
Levy, Alan
Nabokov 2
Lewin, Al
Thalberg3
Lewis,Cflive] S[taples]
Lewis,G. N.
Cockcroft L
Lewis,Joe E.
Lewis, Matthew Gregory
["Monk"]
Lewis, Robert
Clurmanlr 2
Lewis, Sinclair
Susann2
Warner L
Lewis,Wyndham
Sickert3

OF NAMES

Lewisohn,Ludwig
\floollcott 5
Lexell
Euler 2
Liberace,Wladziu Valentino
["Liberace"]
Li Bo
Lichtenberg,Georg Christoph
Liddell, Alice
Carroll bio
Liddell,Dr. Henry George
Carroll. L., bio
Liddell Hart, B. H.
Shaw,G. B., Lz
Liebermann,Max
Liebling, Abbott Joseph
Lieven,Dariya Khristoforovna,
Princessde
Lieven,Khristofer de
Lieven bio
Liliencron, Detlev von
Lillie, Beatrice
Barrymore,E.r 2
Connelly2
Lincoln, Abraham
Booth,J. W., bio, L
Buchanan 2
Chase,S. P., bio
Garfield 1
Grant, U.
Jessel2
Labouchere2
Lincoln, R. T., bio
Mitford, N., 2
Pope,A. U., I
Sewardbio
Stevens2
A. E., 1
Stevenson,
Stowe2
\Thitman L
Lincoln, Robert Todd
Lind, Jenny
Lindbergh,Charles
GeorgeV 4
Lindemann,FrederickAlexander, Viscount Cherwell
Linowitz, Sol M.
Root 1.
Liouville,Joseph
Kelvin 4
Lipchitz,Jacques
Stein4
Li Si
Shi Huangdi 1
Lister,Joseph,lst Baron Lister
Liszt, Cosima
Liszt bio
Liszt, Franz
Brahmsbio

INDEX

684

O F NAMES

Liszt (continued)
bio
Reisenauer
Rosenthalbio, 4
Littlewood, J. E.
Ramanuian1
Liveright, Horace
AndersonL
Livermore,Mary Ashton Rice
Livia Drusilla
Julia 3
Livingston,David
Stanleybio, 1
Livingstone,Mary
Benny 5-6
Burns2
Llewelynab Gruffydd
Edward I 1
Llewelyn-Davies,
Sylvia
Barrie9
Lloyd, Chris[tine]Evert
Lloyd George,David, lst Earl
Asquith,H., 1,
Chamberlain,
A., I
De Valera4
Grey 2
Reading1
Joynson-Hicks1
Simon,J. A., I
Lobengula,King of the
Matabele
Locke,John
Lockhart, Sir Robert Bruce
Carol II 1
Loew, Marcus
Kennedy,J. P.r2
Lombardi, Vince
Long, Huey Pierce
Long, RussellB.
Hayakawa2
Longfellow,Henry'$Tadsworth
Dodge 1
Emerson10
Longstreet,James
Lee,R. 8., 1
Longworth, Alice Roosevelt
Connelly1
Coolidgebio
Longworth, Nicholas
Connelly L
Lonsdale,Frederick
Lonsdale,Hugh Cecil Lowther,
Earl of
Asquith,M., 2
Lonsdale,JamesLowther, lst
Earl of
Sheridan,R. B., 10
Losch, Tilly
Louis, the Child King
Hatto bio
Louis VII, King of France

Eleanorof Aquitaine bio, 1.

Louis XI, King of France
Louis XII, King of France
Juliusll bio
Louis XIII, King of France
Louis XIV 1
Marie de M6dicis bio
Louis XIV, King of France
Boileaubio, 3, 4
Bossuet2
EdwardVII 2
Fontenellet
Lenclosbio
Lully bio
Maintenonbio
Mansart 1
Mazarin bio
Molidrebio
Philip Y bio, 1
Scarronbio
Vatel 1
Louis XV, King of France
Du Barry bio, 1,
Franklin 5
Maurepas bio
Messie
r bio
Pompadourbio, I
Quesnay1
Louis XU, King of France
Angoul6mebio
Favrasbio
Fouch61
Franklin 5
Louis XV 5
Maurepas bio
Marie Antoin ettebio
Maury 1
NapoleonI 8
Necker bio
Louis XVII, King of France
Louis XYIII bio
Louis XVI[, King of France
CharlesX bio, 1,2
Laplacebio
Louis Philippe bio
NapoleonI 13
Richelieu bio
Talleyrand2
Louis,Joe
Louis,Rudolf
Reger2
Louis Philippe, King of France
Aumale bio
Lafayette bio
Michelet 1
Napoleonlll bio
Rachel1
Talleyrand14-15
Louise,Princess
Victoria 17

Lowe, Joseph
Lowell, Abbott Lawrence
Lowell,A., 1
Lowell, Amy
Lowell, Robert
'sfalter
Lowenfels,
BeckettL
Lubitsch,Ernst
Luce,Clare Boothe
Longworth 2
Parker,D., 18
Luce,Henry R.
Churchill,\f., 41
Luce,C. B., bio, 1
Lucullus,Lucius Licinius
Luisetti,Hank
Lully, Jean-Baptiste
Lunt, Alfred
Connelly2
Fontanne1
Lupescu,Magda
Carol Il bio
Lushington,Dr.
Corbet L
Luther, Martin
Adrian YI bio
Lutyens,Sir Edwin Landseer
Lyautey,Louis Hubert
Gonzalve
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 1
Lycurgus
Lyndhurst,John Singleton
Copley,Lord
Lyons,Leonard
Coward14
Lytton, Edward GeorgeEarle
Lytton Bulwer-Lytton, lst
Baron
Lytton, Rosina,Lady
Lytton 1
Mably, Gabriel Bonnet,Abb6 de
MacArthur, Charles
Chaplin3
Hayes,H., 1
LedererL
Woollcott 8
MacArthur, Douglas
MacArthur, Mary
Hayes,H., 1
\Toollcott 8
Macaul^y, Thomas Babington,
lst Baron
McAuliffe, Anthony Clement
MacCarthy,Frank
Coolidge5
McCarthy,JosephR[aymond]
McClellan,GeneralGeorge
Brinton

585
Lincoln,A.r 23
McCormack, John
Tetrazzini 1
McCormick, Edith Rockefeller
McCormick, Harold
McCormick bio
McCoy, Kid [Norman Selby]
McCrea, Joel
Goldwyn t6
McCullers, Carson
MacDonald, Sir John
Alexander
MacDonald, Ramsay
Bankhead 6
Barrie 2
McEwen, John
Grevillebio
McGinl.y, Phyllis
Guinness1
McGrath, Leueen
Kaufman 18
Machault, Comte de
Maurepas1
Mack, Connie
tU[addell1
McKinley, Ida
McKinley 2
McKinlty, William B.
Adee 1
Lincoln, R. T., 1
Mackintosh,Sir James
Smith,S., 2
Macklin, Charles
Foote 1
Maclaine, Shirley
Goldwyn 22
Khrushchev5
Maclise,Daniel
Turner 5
MacMahon, Marie Edm6 Patrice Maurice, Comte de
McMein, Neysa
Connelly2
Macmillan, [Maurice] Harold,
lst Earl of Stockton
Butler, R. A., L
Churchill,W., 34
Macmillan, Maurice
Macmillan 2
MacNamara,Ed
Caruso3
McNam ara, Robert
Johnsol, L. B., 5
Thomas,N., 2
MacNeice,Louis
Yeats L
McNulty, John
Ross12
Macpherson,James
Johnson,S., 20

INDEX

Macready,William Charles
Madison,James
Maeterlinck, Maurice
Goldwyn 9
Magruder, John B.
Mahaffy, Sir John Pentland
Mahler, Gustav
tUferfelbio
Mahony, Patrick
ShawG
, .8.r 22
Mailer, Norman
Buckley2
Maillol, Aristide
Renoir 2
Maintenon, Frangoised'Aubign6, Madame de
Nerval 2
Malesherbes,Chr6tiende
Louis XVI 3
Malherbe, Frangoisde
Malibran, Maria Felicia
al-Malik al Kamil, Sultan
Francis,Saint, L
Mallarm6, St6phane
Rops bio
Villiers de L'Isle-Adam1
Mallory, GeorgeLeigh
Mallowan, Max
Christie,A., 1.
Malthus, Thomas
Trilling 1
Mancroft, Lord
Churchill,W., L7
Mankiewicz, Herman J.
Hearst L
Mankiewicz,JosephL.
Fitzgerald,F. S., L
Mankiewicz,Sara
Mankiewicz 3
Mann, Erika
Auden 1
Mann, Frederic
Brandt 1
Mann, Thomas
Auden 1
Brandt L
Faulkner5
Manners,Lady Diana. See
Cooper,Lady Diana
Manning, Hugh Gardner
Mannix, EdgarJ.
Mayer 2
Mansart, Frangois
Mansfield,Irving
Susannbio, 2, 3
Woollcott 3
Mansfield, William Murray, lst
Earl of
Norton 1
Mantegna,Andrea

OF NAMES

Caroto bio
Mantle, Mickey
Stengel5
Manzoni, Alessandro
Yerdi bio
Mao Zedong
Marat, JeanPaul
Corday bio
Marbury, Elisabeth
Shaw,G. 8., 5
Marbury, Elizabeth
Astor, M. D., L
Marceau, Marcel
Marcellus
Archimedes4
Margaret [Rose],Princess
Beaton2
Elizabeththe QueenMother

2, 4-s

Taylor, E., 1
Maria Fdorovna
Maria Theresa,Empressof
Austria
Franklin 5
FrederickII 10
Josephll bio
Kaunitz-Rietburg1
Marie Antoinette
Angoulilmebio
Cagliostrobio
Louis XV 5
Louis XYI bio
Lutyens2
Mozart 2
Marie de M6dicis
Marie Louise,Princess
Disraeli15
Marie-Louiseof Austria
Francisll bio
NapoleonI bio
Marini, Marino
GuggenheimL
Marivaux, PierreCarlet de
Chamblainde
Allais 2
Marks, Alfred
Morley, R., 1
Marlborough, John Churchill,
lst Duke of
Churchill, \U7.,bio
Peterborough1
Marlborough, 9th Duke of
Balsanblo
Marlborough, John SpencerChurchill, 10th Duke of
Marlowe, Christopher
Coward 8
Marquand,Jlohn] P[hillips]
Marquis, Don[ald Robert
Perryl

686

TNDEX OF NAMES

Marsh, Edward
'Sf.,
3-4
Churchill,
Cunard 2
Firbank 2
Lawrence, T. E., 3
Marshall, Herbert
Marshall, John
Marshall, Thomas Riley
Marten, Neil
Martin, George
Harrisotr, G., I
Martin, Kingsley
Martin, Mary
Merman 1,
Martinelli, Giovanni
Marx, Chico [Leonardl
Kaufman 12
Marx, G., 8-9
Perelman bio
Thalberg I
Marx, Groucho $ulius]
Kaufman 1,2-13
Mature 2
Perelman bio
Thalberg 1
Marx, Harpo [Arthur]
Kaufman 12
Marx, G., 8, 12, 14
Perelman bio
Thalberg 1
Marx, Karl
Bonner L
Engels bio
Marx, Susan
Marx, H., I
Marx, Zeppo [Herbert]
Kaufman 12
Marx, G., 8
Perelman bio
Thalberg 1
Mary I, Queen of England and
Ireland
Catherine of Aragon bio, 1,
Cole bio, 1,
Cranm er bio
Mary II, Queen of England,
Scotland, and Ireland
Sedley 1
Mary, Queen Consort of
George V of Great Britain
Budge 1
Cadbury I
G e o r g eY b i o , 8 - 9
M"ry, Queen of Scots
Cooper, D., 1,
Elizabeth I bio, 1
James I bio
Latimer bio
Masaryk, Jan
Mascagni, Pietro

Mason, Jeremiah
\ 7 e b s t e r ,D . , 7
Massenet,Jules
Massey, Raymond
Coward 7
Kaufm an 19
Masters, Edgar Lee
Mencken 3
Mastroianni, Marcello
Mathews, Charles
Hook 2
Mathilde, Princess
Matilda
Henry ll bio
Matisse, Henri
Diaghilev 3
Fry 1
Matthews, A[lfred] E[dward]
Mature, Victor
Maughoffi, Wfilliam] Somerset
Parker, D., L6
MaurepaS, Jean-Fr 6d6ric Ph6lippeaux, Comte de
Maurice, Frederick Denison
Jowett 1
Maury, Jean Siffrein
Mawby, Sir Joseph
North 2
Mawson, Douglas
David L
Maxentius
Constantine (the Great) 1
Maxwell, Robert'W. ["Tiny"]
M"y, Phil[ip William]
M"y, Samuel
Anthony 1
Mayer, Louis B.
Arlen I
Garbo 1
Goldwyn 20
H a y e s ,H . , 2
Mayer, Milton
Hutchins 5
Mayer, Sir Robert
Elizabeth II 4
Mayo, Charles Horace
Mayo, \Tilliam James
Mayo bio
Mayo, William Worrall
Mayo bio, I
Mazarin, Jules, Cardinal
Mazzini, Giuseppe
Fuller, Margar et, bio
Rochefort 1
Medici, Lorenzo de' (the
Magnificent)
Leo X bio
Megabates
Agesilaus1
Mehmed II

Mehta, Zubin
Mehul, Etienne
Cherubini 1
Meir, Golda
Melanchthon, Philipp
Luther 1
Melba, Dame Nellie [Helen
Porter Armstr ong, nde
Mitchelll
Melbourne, William Lamb, 2d
Viscount
Churchill, \f., 34
Lamb, Caroline, bio, 1
Victoria 5
Melchior, Lauritz
Slezak 1
Mellon, Andrew William
Duveen 4
Melville, Herman
Mencken, H[enry] Lfouis]
Dreiser 1
Mendelssohn-Barthol dy,
George de
Klempe rer 2
Mendes, Catulle
Scholl 1
Mendle, Sir Charles
de \7ol fe bio
Menelik II
Menotti, Gian-Carlo
Callas 2
Menshikov, Alexander Sergeievich, Prince
Menuhin, Yehudi
Perlman 1
Menzies, Sir Robert
Gordon
Churchill, !f., 45
Meredith, George
Beerbohm 2
Merman, Ethel
M6rode, Cl6o de
Whistler 5
Merrill, Robert [Robert
Millerl
Messier, Charles
Metaxas, Ioannis
Metternich, Klemens, Prince
von
Auber 4
Francis ll bio
Metternich, Prince Richard
Metternich, P., bio
Metternich, PrincessPauline
lnee CountessSdndorl
Meurisse, Paul
Meyerbeer, Giacomo
Liszt 1
Michael, King of Rumania
Carol ll bio

687
MichelangeloBuonarroti
Carlyle2
Ghiberti 1
Julius ll bio, I
Medici 1
Michelet, Jules
Michell, Louis
Rhodes3
Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig
Mikes, George
Milanov, Zinka
Bing 7
Milbanke,Anne Isabella
Byron bio
Mildmay, Audrey
Christie,J., bio
Miles, Sylvia
I7illiams 2
Miil, John Stuart
Carlyle L
KoestlerL
Millais, John Everett
Rossettibio
Millar, Andrew
Fielding1
Johnson,S., 3
Millay, Edna St. Vincent
Millay, Mrs. Henry Tolman
Millay 1
Millay, Norma
Millay 1
Miller, Arthur
Harris, J., bio, I
Monroe bio
Miller, Jonathan
Marx, H., 1
Millikan, Robert Andrews
Milne, Allan] A[lexander]
Courtneidge1
Milne, Christopher
Courtneidge1
Milne L
Milnes, Richard Monckton, lst
Baron Houghton
Hugo 3
Milo
Milton, Elizabeth
Milton L
Milton, John
Fuselibro
Hobson, T., bio
Porson4
Mirabeau, Flonor6 Gabriel Riqueti, Comte de
Maury 2
Mises, Ludwig von
Mitchell, Sharon
Mitchum, Robert
Mitford, Diana
Mitford, N., blo

INDEX

Mitford, Jesstca
Mitford, N., bio
Mitford, Nancy
Cunard L
Evans,E., 3
Mitford, T., bio
Palewskibio
Waugh 5
Mitford, Thomas
Mitford, Unity
Mitford, N., bio
Mitterrand, Frangois
Reagan5
Mitterrand, Mme
Reagan5
Mizner, Addison
Mizner,V., 13, t4
Mizner, Wilson
Coolidge27
Mizner,A., bio
Modigliani, Amedeo
Mohr, Franz
Horowitz 2
MoliEre [Jean-Baptiste
Poquelinl
Allais 2
Lenclosblo
Reinhardt bio
Moln6r, Ferenc
Mommsen, Theodor
Monboddo, Lord
KamesL
Moncey, Bon Adrien Jeannot
de
Napoleon| 7
Monet, Claude
Cassattblo
Monica, Saint
Augustinebio
Monmouth, Duke of
Shaftesbwybio
Monroe, Marilyn
DiMaggio 1
Miller bio
Montagu, Charles[Lst Earl of
Halifaxl
Pope,Alexander,1,
Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley
Montagu, CharlesEdward
Montaigueof Limoges
MessierL
Montebello,Count
Bembo 1
Montecuccoli, Raimund, Count
Montefiore, Sir Moses
Montespan,Mme de
Maintenon bio
Montesquieu,CharlesLouis de
Secondat,Baron de
du Deffand bio

OF NAMES

Voltaire 2
Monteux, Claude
Monteux 3
Monteux, Pierre
Stravinsky9
Montgomery,BernardLaw, lst
ViscountMontgomery of
Alamein'W.,
18
Churchill,
\U7arner2
Montgomery,James
I\,[ontmorency,Anne, Duc de
Moore, Bessie
BowlesL
Moore, Garry
Sheen1
Moore, GeorgeAugustus
Moore, GeorgeEdward
Moore, JiCohan4
Moore, Kate
Edward VII 2
Moore, Thomas
Byron 2
1
Bowles
'V7ordsworth
3
Moran, Edward
Fillmore 1
More, Anne
Donne L
More, Hannah
More, Margaret
More, T., 2
More, Sir Thomas
Moreau, Gustave
Matissebio
Morel, F6d6ric
Morgan, Charles
Vanderbilt,C., 1
Morgan, John Pierpont,Sr.
Astor, M., 1
Bryan3
Morgan, John Pierpont,Jr.
Green,H., 1
Morgan, John Hunt
ForrestL
Moriot, Cardinal
J6r6me1
Morley, Christopher
Morley, Robert
Hartnell 1
Morris, Clara
Morris, Sir Lewis
Wilde 8
Morris, William
Morrow, Dwight
Cecil 1
Morse, SamuelFinley Breese
Mortimer, Roger (IV) de
Edward lll bio

INDEX

588

OF NAMES

Morton, \trflilliam
Holmes,O. W., Sr.,4
Moscard6,Jos6
Moser, Mary
Fuseli1
Moses
Campbell,Mrs. P., 9
Mosley, Sir Oswald
Mitford, N., bio
Moss, Howard
Bowen,8., 1
Mott, Lucretia Coffin
Mountbatten of Burma, Louis,
Lst Earl
Gandhi,M. K., 1
Moyers,Bill
Johnsoo,L. B.r 7
Mozart, Leopold
Mozart bio
Mozart, Wolfg^ng Amadeus
Brahms3
Christi,J., 1
Muggeridge,Malcolm
Mugnier, Abb6 Arthur
Muhammad ShahI
Muir, Frank
Norden bio
Muir, John
Mumbet
Sedgwick,T., I
Munsey,Frank
Henry, O.r 2
Murad II, Sultan
MehmedII 1
Muraviev, Count Mikhail
Muraviev-Apostol,Sergei
Muraviev 1
Murphy, Arthur
Burke 1
Murphy, CharlesF.
Murphy, Gerald
Campbell,Mrs. P., 5
Fitzgerald,2., I
Murphy, Sara
Campbell,Mrs. P., 5
Fitzgerald,2.,I
Murray, Sir George
Murray, [George]Gilbert
IAim6]
Einstein9
Murray, Sir James
Bradley bio
Murray, John
Byron 4
Murray, Margaret Alice
Musset,Alfred de
Mussolini,Benito
Baldwin bio
Chamberlain,N., bio

Churchill,W., 27
Gandhi,M. K., 3
GeorgeV 5
Giolitti I
Zog I bio
Mussolini,Edda
Churchill,W., 27
Mussorgsky,Modest Petrovich
Borodin 1
Myron
Lais 1
Mytton, John
Nabokov,Nicholas
Stravinsky13
Nabokov, Vladimir
Nagurski,Bronko
Namath,Joe
Napier, Sir CharlesJames
NapoleonI
AlexanderI bio, 2
Beethoven3
Bernadotte bio
Borghese bio
Campbell,T., I
Carolineof Brunswick4
Chateaubriand1
Churchill,\U7.,5
de Gaulle4
Edison, 7., 5
Fouch6bio, 1,2
Fox, C. J., bio
FrancisII bio, 1
FrederickAugustusI bio
Georgelll bio
Goethe2
Grassini1
J1r6mebio
Lafayette bio
Laplace1
Louis XVIII bio, I
Napoleon lll bio
Pitt bio, 3-4
Richelieu bio
Staelbio, 1, 5
Talleyrand
bio, 9,10, ll
\Ufellingtonbio, 6, 15
NapoleonII
NapoleonI bio
NapoleonIII
Auber bio
Blessington
I
Btilow 2
Castiglionebio
Eug6niebio, 2
Feydeau1
Jdrdmebio, 1
Metternich,P., bio
MommsenI

Napoleon, E. L. J. J., bio, 3

Napoleon, J. C. P., bio
Napoleon, EugEne Louis Jean
Joseph
Eug6nie bio
Napoleon, Joseph Charles Paul,
Prince
Napoleon, E. L. J. J., 3
Narni, Erasmus da
Donatello 1
Narviez, Ram6n Maria
Nash, N. Richard
Goldwyn 18
Nash, Ogden
Nasser, Gamal Abdel
Nast, Thomas
Nathan, George Jean
Russell,G. V., I
Necker, Jacques
Gibbon 1
Necker blo
StaEl bio
Necker, Suzanne
Gibbon 1
Nehru, Jawaharlal
Gandhi, I., bio, 1
Nelson, Horatio, Viscount
Napoleon I bio
Nelson, Lindsey
Kiner 1
Nepos, Metullus
Cicero 4
Nero
Agripprna bio, "1.
Petronius bio, I
Senecabio, I
Vespasian bio
Nerval, G6rard de
Nesbit, Evelyn
Mizner, W., L0
Neugebauer, Otto
Einstein 1
Nevers, Ernie
Stuhldreher 1
'V7.
Nevinson, H.
Montague 1
Newcastle, Lord
Pitt 2
Newman, Paul
Graziano 2
Newton, Sir Isaac
Beerbohm 5
Fonten elle bio
Niarchos, Stavros
Nicholas I, Czar
SchwarzenbergL
Nicklaus, Jack William
Niewekerke, Count
Mathilde 1

689
Nightingale, Florence
Cambridge1
Niiinsky, Vaslav
Bernhardt13
Diaghilevbio
Karsavinabio
Tamiris 1
Nilsson, Birgit Marta
Bing 5
Nitocris, Queen
Darius I 2
Niven, David
Astaire2-3
Curtiz L
Garbo 2
Huston L
Khrushchev5
Nivernais, Louis JulesMancini
Mazann, Duc de
Nixon, Richard Milhous
Armstrong,N., 1
Castro L
Ford, G., bio
Humphrey bio
Hruska L
Kissinger bio
Laird 1
Landers2
Lazar I
Meir 2-3
Reagan4
Noailles, Anna-Elisabeth,Comtessede
Nomad, Max
SteffensL
Norbury, John Toler, lst Earl
of
Carolineof Brunswick2
Norden, Denis
Nordica, Lillian
LehmannL
Norgay, Tenzing
Hillary L
North, Frederick,Lord
Fox, C. J.r 2
Northcliffe, Alfred Charles
William Harmsworth,
Viscount
Kitchener 1
Northcote, James
Northumberland,Duchessof
Gray L
Norton, Fletcher,lst Baron
Grantley
Noyes,John Humphrey
Nuffield, William Richard
Morris, lst Viscount
Nureyev,Rudolf
Astairebio

INDEX

Fonteynbio
Nurmi, Paavo
Oates,LawrenceEdward Grace
O'Brien,Pat
Warner L
Ochs,Adolph S.
Koppay 1
Ochs,Iphigene
Koppay 1
O'Connell,Daniel
Disraelil, 2
O'Connor, Edwin
Curley bio
Octavia
Nero bio
Odets,Clifford
Clurman L
Adam Gottlob
Oehlenschliger,
AndersenL
Offenbach,Jacques
O'Hara, John [Henry]
Oldfield, Anne
Oliphant
Cockcroft 1
Oliver, Vic
Churchill, Ul., 27
Olivier, Laurence[Kerr] Baron
Coward 10
Gielgud5
Richardson2
Olivier, Tarquin
Coward 10
Olympias
AlexanderIII 1
'Omar
Onassis,Aristotle [Socrates]
Niarchos 1
Onassis,JacquelineBouvier
Kennedy
Kennedy,
J. F., L3
Onassisbio
O'Neal, Tatum
O'Neill, Eugene
Cohan bio
Oppenheimer,George
Parker,D.r 20
Oppenheimer,J. Robert
Orlando,V. E.
Ifilson, W., 5
Orphen,I7illiam
Lang 1
Orsay, Alfred-GuillaumeGabriel, Count d'
Blessington1
Orsini, Felice
Eug6nie2
OscarII, King of Sweden
Ossian.SeeMacpherson,James

OF NAMES

Ossoli,Marquis d'
Fuller,Margarct,bio
Oswin, King
Aidan 1
O'Toole, Peter
Ott, Mel
Shor 1
StengelL
Otto
Ouida [Marie Louisede la
Ram6el
Ovid
PorsonL
Owen, Robert
Paar,Jack
Allen, F., 3
Bankhead8
Garland1
Goodman,D., bio, 1
Levant 8
Muggeridge1
Schweitzer2-3
Pachmann,Vladimir de
Paderewski,IgnaceJatt
Leschetizkybio
Masaryk 1
Paetus,Cecina
Arria bio, I.
Pagnal,Marcel
Simenon3
Paige,Leroy Robert ["Satchel"]
Paine,Albert Bigelow
Twain 1
Paine,Thomas
\U7atson
bio
Painter,GeorgeD.
AubernonL
Palewski,Gaston
Paley,William
Palm,Johann
Campbell,T., 1.
Palmer,Arnold
Nicklaus 1
Palmer,BertheHonore
Gardner,I. S., 4
Palmerston,Henry John Temple, 3d Viscount
Park, Mungo
Parker,Dorothy
Asquith,M., bio
Bankhead 2
Benchley9, 12
Coolidge27
Kaufman LL
Ross3
Woollcott 2
Parker,Henry Taylor

INDEX

690

O F NAMES

Parker, Sir Hyde

Nelson 4
Parker, Quannah
Parmenion
Alexander III 6
Parr, Samuel
Parrhasius
Zeuxts "1,
Parrish, Maxfield
Parsons,John
Norbury 1
Partridge, John
Pascal,Blaise
Pasteur,Louis
Lister bio
'Walter
Pate,
Budge 1
Pater, Walter
Patti, Adelina
Rossini 3
Patton, George Slmith], Jt.
Paul l, Czar
Alexander I 1
Paul III, Pope
Michelangelo 3
Paul IV, Pope
Rizzuto 1
Pavlen, Adrian
Nurmi 1
Pavlova, Anna
Diaghil ev hio
Payne, John Howard
Peabody, Elizabeth
Peard, John Whitehead
Pearson,Hesketh
Tree 5
Pearson,Richard
Jones,J. P., 1-2
Peary, Robert Edwin
Peck, Gregory
Peel, Robert
Byron 1
Peel, Sir Robert
Llllie bio
Pegler,Westbrook
Truman 2
Pembroke, Thomas Herbert,
8th Earl of
Smith, F. E., 8
Pembroke,'S7illiam,3d
Earl of
Pembroke bio
Penfield, \Tilder
Galvani 1
Penn, \Tilliam
Charles II 5
Fox, G., 1
Pennell,Joseph
Bellows I

Penrose,Roland
Braque 1"
Picasso18
Perdiccas
Alexander III 3
Perelman,S[idney] J[oseph]
Ross 7
Pericles
Alcibiades 1
Anaxag oras bio
Perkins, Frances
Roosevelt,F. D.r 2
Perkins, Maxwell
Fitzgerald,F. S., 2
Hemingway 3-4
Roosevelt,F. D., 7
Perlman, Itzhak
Per6n, Eva Duarte de
Peron, Juan
Borges 1
Peron bio, I
Perot, H. Ross
Perry, Oliver Hazard
Pershing,John Joseph
Fairbanks I
Stanton, C. E., 1
Perugino, Pietro [Pietro di Cristoforo Vannucci]
Raffael bio
P6tain, [Henri] Philippe
Peter I [Peter the Gre at], Czar
Peter Ill, Czar
Alexander I 1
Catherine Il bio
Peterborough, Charles Mordaunt, 3d Earl of
Peterson,Oscar
Fitzgerald,E., bio
Peterson,Verita
Bogart t
Petrie, Sir Flinders
Murray, M., bio
Petronius, Gaius ["Petronius
Arbiter"]
Pettit, Charles
Rodgers 2
Phaedrus
La Fontaine bio
PharnacesII
Caesar 5
Phelps, William Lyon
Philip, Prince, Duke of
Edinburgh
Elizabeth II 2,, 5
Philip II, King of Macedon
Alexander III bio, 1, 2
Demosthenesbio
Dionysius II 1
Philip II, King of Spain

Mary I bio, 1,
Philip III, King of Spain
'l'
Cervantes Saavedra
Philip V, King of Spain
Philip the Acarnanian
Alexander III 5
Philip, John Woodward
Philipp, Isidore
Bart6k 1
Philippe,Duc d'Orl6ans
Voltaire 1,
Phillips, Captain Mark
Anne, Princess, bio
Phillips, Wendell
Phocion
Demosthenes1
Piatigorsky, Gregor
Furrwdngler 1
Heifetz 3
Picabia, Francis
Picasso,Claude
Gilot bio, 1
Picasso,Pablo
Braque bio, 1
Diaghilev 3
Gilot bio
Stein 7
Picasso,Paloma
Gllot bio
Piccard, Auguste
Piccard,Jean Felix
Piccard 1
Pickford, Mary
Fairbanks bio, 1
Picon, Molly
Pillet, Leon
Meyerbeer 3
Pinckney, Charles C.
Adams,I., 1,
Pinza, Ezio
Piper, John
George VI 2
Pitt, William
Fox, C. J., bio
S7ilkes 5
Plante,Jacques
'Vforsley
1
Plasteras
Churchill, W., 39
Plato
Emerson 6
Socrates bio
Thales 3
Pliny [Pliny the Younger]
Plomer, William
Plon-Plon. SeeNapoleon
Joseph Charles Paul
Plotinus
Plutarch

69r
Caesar4
Poe,Edgar Allan
PoggioBracciolini, Gian
Francesco
Polidori,John
Shelley,M., L
Polignac,Cardinal de
du Deffand, 1
Polk, JamesK.
Buchanan1"
Pollini
Previn 2
Polya,George
Hilbert!,2
Pompadour,Jeanne-Antoinette
Poisson,Marquise
d'Etoiles
Louis XV 4
Maurepasbio
Pompeia
Caesar2
Pompey
Caesarbio, 4
Pompidou,Georges
Nixon 5
Poole,Oliver Brian Sanderson'
lst Baron Pooleof Aldgate
Pope,Alexander
Bowlesbio
Cibber bio
Dennisbio
Hyde, C., bio
Kneller 1
Pope,Arthur UPham
Pope,GeneralJohn
Stuart L
Porson,Richard
HousmanL
Porter,KatherineAnne
\7ylie 1
Portland,Lord
Devonshire1
Portman,Eric
Evans,E., 5
Porus
AlexanderIII 7
Pougnet,Jean
Beecham,Sir T., "l'2
Pound,Ezra
Abercrombie1
PourtalEs,Melanie de
Eug6nie1
Poussin,Nicolas
Powell,Anthony
Vidal 1
Powell,ThomasReed
Dewey,J., 2
Preminger,Erik Lee
Lee,G. R., L

INDEX

Previn,Andr6
Monteux L
Pringle,Sir John
Prokofiev,Sergei
Protogenes
Apelles1
Proust,Marcel
Mugnier bio
PtolemyI
Euclid 1
Puccini,Giacomo
Toscanini4-5
Pulitzer,Joseph
Hearst2
Purcell,Henry
Dennis2
Purchas
Coleridge2
Pushkin,Alexander
Putnam,Israel
Pyl., ErnestTaylor
Pyrrhus
Pythagoras
Quatigiani family
CastracaniL
Quatrefages,Armand de
Virchow 2
Queensberry,William Douglas,
4th Duke of
Queensberry,Marquis of
rU7ilde13
Quennell,Peter
Fleming,I., 1
Quesnay,Frangois
Quin, James
Quincy,Josiah
Livermore L
Rabelais,Frangois
Rabi, Isidor Isaac
Rachel
Rachmaninoff,Sergei
Racine,Jean
Allais 2
Boileaubio,23
Rachel3
Radiguet,Raymond
Cocteau4
Raft, George
Raglan,FitzRoy JamesHenry
Somerset,1st Baron
Raikes,Alice
Carroll, L., 2
Rainier III [RainierLouis Henri
MaxenceBertrandde
Grimaldil
Raleigh,Sir Walter
'Vf.,
34
Churchill,

OF NAMES

Coke bio
ElizabethI bio
Gilbert,H., bio
Ramanuian,Srinivasa
Ramsey,[Arthur] Michael
Randolph,John
C l a y ,H . , 2
Ransom,Herbert
Adams,F. P., I
Raper,Kenneth
Bonner L
Raphael[RaffaelloSanzio]
Caroto bio
Julius ll bio
LeoXl
Picasso19
Sebastianodel Piombo
bio
Rasputin
Yusupovbio
Ravel,Maurice
Gershwin,G., 5
R"y, Maud
Thomson,G., L
Raynal, Abb6 Guillaume
Thomas Frangois
Reading,Rufus Daniel Isaacs,
1st Marquessof
Reading bio, I
Reading,Stella,Marchionessof
Reagan,Ronald
Dempsey1
Eisenhower3
R6camier,JeanneFranEoise
Julie Adelaide
Stadl4
Talleyrand5
Reed,
Ji- 'W.
'S7hite,
A., L
Reed,Thomas Brackett
Roosevelt,T., 4
Rees,Llewellyn
Morley, R., 2
Reger,Max
Rehan,Ada
Reiman,Donald H.
Brougham2
Reinagle,Ramsay
ConstableL
Reincken,J. A.
Bach,J. S., 1
Reiner,Carl
Brooks,M., 3
Reinhardt, Max
Coward 6
Reisenauer,Alfred
Remington,Frederic
Hearst L

INDEX

592

OF NAMES

Renoir,Jean
Gabin bio
Renoir, PierreAuguste
Picassot 8
Repplier,Agnes
Reuther,Walter
Revilus,Caninius
Cicero3
Reynolds,Sir Joshua
Fuseli1
Gainsborough2
Haydn 4
Siddons2
RezaPahlavi,ShahMohammed
Bacall1
Rhodes,CecilJohn
Rice, Grantland
Lardner3
Ruth 4
Rich, John
Richard I, King of England
[RichardCoeurde Lion
(theLionheart)l
Eleanorof Aquitarnebio
RichardII, King of England
Henry IV 1
Richards,I. A.
Eliot, T. S., 1
RichardsonJonathan
Carolin- of Ansbach1
Richardson,Sir Ralph
Richelieu,Armand-Emmanuel
du Plessis,
Duc de
Richelieu,Armand Jeandu
Plessis,
Duc de [Cardinal]
Marie de M6dtcis bio, I
Mazarin bio
Richelieu,Louis FranEoisArmand de Vignerot du Plessis,Duc de [Mar6chal]
Louis XVI 1
Richter,Hans
Riddell,GeorgeAllardice,Lord
Greenwood1
Ridley,Nicholas
Latimer 1
Rigaud, Hyacinthe
Riley,JamesWhitcomb
Rimbaud,Arthur
Verlaine bio
Ritchie,Anne Thackeray
Butler,5., 2
Rivarol, Antoine de
Rivera, Antonio
Rizzuto, Phil
Robbe-Grillet,Alain
Nabokov 3
Robert I [Robert the Bruce],
King of Scotland

Robert, L6opold
Robespierre,MaximilienFranqois-Marie Isidore de
Danton bio
de Gaulle 4
Fouche bio
Mirabeau 3
Paine bio
Robey, George
Dreyschock 1
Robinson, Edward G.
Goldwvn 4
Robinson, Edwin Arlington
Robinson, Jackie
Robinson, Sugar Rty
L o u i s ,1 . , 2
Rochambeau,Jean Baptiste
Donatien de Vimeur,
Comte de
Latzun bio
Roche, Sir Boyle
Rochefort, Comtessede
Nivernais 1
Rochefort, fVictor] Henri,
Marquis de RochefortLuEay
Daudet 1
Rochester,John Wilmot, Earl
of
Barrow 1"
C h a r l e sI I b i o , 3 , 8
Rockefeller, John D[avison], Sr.
McCormick bio
Rockefeller, J., Jr., bio
Rockefeller, \/., bio
Rockefeller, John D[avison], Jr.
Rockefeller, William
Stillman bio
Rockne, Knute
Gipp 1,
Rodgers, Richard Charles
Hammerstein bio
Rodin, Auguste
'].,
Brancusi
Fallidres I
Renoir 4
Shaw, G. B., 23
Rodzinski, Artur
Roederer, Pierre
Talleyrand 4
Roger of \ilTendover
Godiva 1
Rogers, Ginger
Astaire bio, 3
Hayward bio, 1
Rogers, John
HolmeS,J., 4
Rogers, Samuel
Byron 2

Porson 5
Rogers, Will
Coolidge 13
Marshall, T. R., 1,
Rohan-Chabot,Chevalier de
Voltaire 3
Roland, Jean
Roland bio
Roland, Jeanne Manon
Romanoff, Mike fHarry F.
Gerguson]
Bogart 1
Rommel, General Erwin
Montgomery, B. L., bio
Wavell bio
Romney, George
Fuseli 2
Roosevelt, [Anna] Eleanor
Kaufman 17
Roosevelt,F. D.r 2, 4
Truman 1
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
Churchill, lUU.,20,22
Einstein 10
George VI 3
Leahy bio
Long 2
MacArthur, D.r 2
Mayer 1
Roosevelt, 8., bio
Thomas, N., 1,
Truman bio, 1
Roosevelt, Theodore
Astor, N., 5
Holmes, F. D., I
Hoover 2
Jusserand1,r2
Knox, P. C., 1,
Longworth bio, 1
Morgan 9
Parker, Q., I
Robinson, E. A., bio, 2
Roosevelt, T., Jr., bio
Root bio
Sargent,J. S., 4
Taft, W. H., 2
Roosevelt, Mrs. Theodore
Jusserand3
Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr.
Root, Elihu
Roper, til(illiam
More, T., 2
Rops, F6licien
Rorem, Ned
Stein 7
Rose, Billy
Stravinsky 5
Rosenbloom, Max
Rosenthal, Moriz

693
Pachmann2
Paderewski2, 5
Thibaud 1
Ross,Harold
Benchley2
Parker,D., 1
Thurber t-2
Ross,John
Smith,S.,3
Rossetti,Dante Gabriel
Rossini,GioacchinoAntonio
Liszt 1
Malibran bio
Meyerbeer2
Rostand,Edmond
Guitry 3
Roth, Philip
SusannL
Rothenstein,lU(lilliam
Wilde 4
Rothschild,Alfred
Asquith,H., 1
Rothschild,Sir Nathan Meyer,
lst Baron
Rousseau,
JeanJacques
Voltaire 5
Roussyde Sales,Raoul de
Goldwyn 14
Routh, Martin
Rowland, Henry Augustus
Royall, Anne
Adams,J. Q., 1
Royce,Josiah
'W.,
1"
James,
Rubinstein,Anton
Rubinstein,Arthur
Heifetz 3
Laughton3
Rachmaninoff1
Rudolf, Crown Prince
FrancisFerdinandbio
Ruggles,Carl
Rulhidres,Claude
Talleyrand5
Ruskin, John
Buckland1
Russell,Beniamin
Lawrence,J., L
Russell,Bertrand Arthur
William, 3rd Earl
Belloc2
Eden,A., 1
Moore, G. E., 1
\Thiteh eadbio
Russell,Bill
Baylor 1
Russell,GeorgeWilliam
Joyce,James,2
Russell,John, lst Earl

INDEX

Arnim 1
Ruth, GeorgeHerman ["Babe"]
Aaron bio
Caruso2
Rutherford,Ernest,lst Baron
Bohr bio
Cockcroft bio, I
Ryan, Paddy
Sullivafi,J. L., bio
Ryland,William
Blake,W.r 2
Ryleyev,Kondraty
NicholasI 1
Rysanek,Leoni
Bing 10
Ryskind,Morrie
Kaufman 12
Saarinen,Eero
Sackville,Lady Katherine
Giles 1
Sackville-West,Edward
Charles,5th Baron
Sadat,Anwar
Begin bio
Sadleir,Michael
Trollope,A., 1
Sage,Russell
CharlesAugustin
Sainte-Beuve,
Charlesde
Saint-Evremond,
Marguetelde Saint-Denis,
Seigneurde
Lenclosbio
Saint-Sans,
[Charles]Camille
Bart6k 1
Duc de
Saint-Simon,
GesvresL
Salinger,J. D.
Salisbury,Countessof
Edward III 1
Salisbury,Robert Arthur
Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil,
3rd Marquessof
Churchill,R. H. S., bio
Salk,JonasE.
Gilot bio
Salmond,Felix
Hofmann 1
SaloteTupou, Queen
Churchill,W., 25
Samson
Corday 1
Sand,George
Chopin bio
Mussetbio
Sandburg,Carl
Herford 2
Sanders,Red
Lombardi1

OF NAMES

Sandwich,John Montagu, 4th

Earl of
\Tarburton L
rUfilkes5
Santayana,George
Sarasate[y Navascu6s],Pablo
de
Sarazen,Gene
Sardou,Victorien
Zangwill 1
Sargent,John Singer
Sargent,Sir Malcolm
GeorgeVI 1
Saroyan,William
Arlen 3
Sartre,Jean-Paul
de Gaulle 7
rUfilder5
Satie,Erik
Diaghilev3
Satyrus
2
Demosthenes
Duke of
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha,
Albert, Prince,bio
Saxton,May
LivermoreL
Scala,Can Grandedella
Dante 1
Scarron,Paul
Maintenon bio
Scheffel,JosefVictor von
Schelling,FriedrichWilhelm
Josephvon
Emersonbio
Schick,Bela
Schiller,JohannChristoph
Friedrichvon
Goethebio
Hugo 5
Schillingr,Joseph
Friedrich
Schleiermacher,
Daniel Ernst
Arthur M., Jr.
Schlesingr,
CannonL
Marian Cannon
Schlesingr,
Cannon1
Hocking 1
Schliemann,Heinrich
Schnabel,Artur
Horowitz I
Rosenthal2
Schonberg2
Schnabel,Stefan
el 2
Schnab
Schiidl,Max
Scholl,Aur6lien
Schcinbein,Christian Friedrich
Sch6nbrg,Arnold
Arthur
Schopenhauer,

INDEX

694

OF NAMES

Schubert, Franz
Reger 1
Schumann, Robert
Brahms bio
Cortot 1
Schumann-Heink, Ernestine
Schuster,Max L.
Simon, R. L., bio
Schwartz, Arthur
Dretz bio
Schwartz, Maurice
Schwarzenberg, Felix,
Prince
Schweitzer, Albert
Santayana1
Scipio Africanus
Cornelia bio
Scipio Nasica Serapio, Publius
Cornelius
Scopes,John T.
Bryan bio
Darrow 3
Scott, Lady
Scott, W., 2
Scott, Sir Peter
Norden 1
Scott, Robert Falcon
Oates bio, I
Scott, Sir Walter
Byron 2
Robert I 1
Scribner, Charles
Hemingway 3
Scripps, Edward Wyllis
Seagrave,Sterling
Luce, H. R., 1,
Sebastiano del Piombo, Fra
Secombe,Harry
Sellers2
Sedgwick, A. C.
Marquand 1
Sedgwick, Catharine Maria
Sedgwick, John
Sedgwick, Theodore
Sedley,Catherine
Sedley 1
Sedley, Sir Charles
Seeley,Sir John Robert
Seferis, George [George
Seferiadesl
Seligman,Mrs.
Tosti 1
Sellers,Anne
Sellers 1
Sellers, Peter
Selwyn, Edgar
Goldwyn 1
Selwyn, George Augustus
Bruce 1

Selznick,
David O.
Goldwyn 1,2
Semonville
Talleyrand 7
Seneca,
LuciusAnnaeus
Senz,Eddie
Chaliapin3
Servetus,Michael
Servilia
Caesar5
Seuss,Dr. [TheodoreSeuss
Geisell
Severn,Joseph
Keats3
S6vign6,Marie de RabutinChantal,Marquisede
Sevitzky,Fabien
Rodzinski1
Seward,William Henry
Shackleton,Ernest
David bio
Lloyd George5
Shaftesbury,Anthony Ashley
Cooper,1st Earl of
Shakespeare,
John
Shakespeare
1
Shakespeare,
William
Adams,F. P., 3
Allais 2
Arditi I
Auden3
Bridger2
Copland1
Cushman1
Fuselibio
Gilbert,W. S.,2
Johnson,5., bio
Jonsonbio
Pembrokebio
Porson4
Reinhardt1
Shelley,P. B., I
Stein4
Tree4
Victoria 2
Sharif,Omar [Michel
Shalhoubl
Sharkey,Thomas
Mizner,W., 7
Sharp,William
Shaw,Charlotte
S h a wG
, .8.r22
Shaw,GeorgeBernard
Barrie2, 8
Caine1
Chesterton4, 5
Churchlll,UI., 29
Epstein1
John,A., bio

Reinhardt bio
Skinner,C. O., I
Terry 2
Thorndikebio
Shaw,Irwin
Shaw,Norman
Whistler7
Shaw,Wilbur
Shearer,Norma
Hayes,H.r 2
Shearing,George[Albert]
Sheean,Vincent
O'Hara 1,
Sheed,\X/ilfred
Belloc3
Sheen,FultonJ[ohn]
John XXIII 3
Shelburne,William Petty, Lst
Marquis of Lansdowne
Shelley,Harriet
Shelley,
M., bio
Shelley,Mary Wollstonecraft
Godwin
Shelley,PercyBysshe
Shelley,M., bio, 1-2
Shelley,PercyFlorence
Shelley,
M., 2
Sheridan,Philip Henry
Sheridan,Richard Brinsley
Fox, C. I., 4
Kelly, M., 1,
Tooke 2
Sheridan,Tom
Sheridan,R. B., 13-14
Tooke 2
Sherman,William Tecumseh
Sherwood,Robert
Benchley13, 15
Mencken2
Shi Huangdi
Shor,Toots
Shorey,Paul
Hutchins3
Short,Bob
Hundley 1,
Shostakovich,
Dmitry
Dmitriyevich
Rodzinski1
Shriver,Eunice
de Gaulle10
Shuter,Edward
Sibelius,Jean
Sickert,Walter Richard
Whistler 15
Siddal,Elizabeth
Rossettibio, 2
Siddons,Sarah
GainsboroughI
Kemble,J. P., bio

695
Siddons,William
Siddons1
Sidney,Sir Philip
Confucius2
r bio
Spense
Abbd
Sieyds,Emmanuel-Joseph,
de
Sigismund,Holy Roman
Emperor
Sills, Beverly
Silverman,Al
Ali s
Silverman,Fred
Silvers,Phil
Chevalier3
Simenon,Georges
Gabin bio
Simmons,Samuel
Milton 1
Simon,John Allsebrook,lst
Viscount
Simon,Richard Leo
Warfield
Simpson,'Wallis
Edward Ylll bio
Sinatra,Frank
Romanoff 2
Singer,IsaacBashevis
Sitwell, Edith
\U7altonbro
'Waterton
L
Sitwell,Sir GeorgeReresbY
Sitwell,8., bio, I
Sitwell,Sir Osbert
Huxley,4., 4
Lutyens2
Sitwell,E., bio,2
Sitwell,G., bio, t-2
Strachey1
Swinburne1
Sitwell,Sacheverell
DiaghilevL
Sitwell,E., bio
SixtusIV, Pope
Juliusll bio
Skeat,Walter rU7illiam
Gosse4
Skelton,John
Skelton,Red [Richard]
Cohn 1
Skinner,Cornelia Otis
Skinnerbio, I
Skinner,Otis
Slezak,Leo
Smith, Adam
Smith,Alfred Emanuel
Smith, Bessie
Smith,Catherine
Smith,S., 2
Smith,F[rederick]E[dwin], lst

INDEX

Earl of Birkenhead
Collins,M., I
Smith,GeneralArthur
til(ravell1
Smith,H. Allen
Fowler 3
Smith,LewisJ.
Divine 2
Smith, Logan Pearsall
Smith,MysteriousBilly
Mizner,'W.,5
Smith, Robert Percy
Smith,S., 13
Smith,Sir Sidney
Smith,S.,2
Smith, Sydney
Brougham l-2
CanningL
EllenboroughL
Grote L
Macauley3
Russell
, J., bio
Siddons4
\U7ebste
r, D ., 9
Smuts,Jan Christi aan
Smyth, Dame Ethel
Edward VII 9
Snead,Sam
Snow,C. P.
tU(Iells
3
Snowden,Antony Charles
Robert Armstrong-Jones,
Earl of
Beaton2
SobhuzaII, King
Socrates
Antisthenes2
Sokolova,Lydia
Karsavina1
Solomon,King
Solon
Franklin 10
Thales4
Somerset,CharlesSeymour,
6th Duke of
Somerset,CharlotteFinch
SomersetL
Somerset, ElizabethPercy
Somerset1.
Beniamin
Sonnenberg,
Williams 4
Beniamin,Jr.,
Sonnenberg,
\Tilliams 4
Sontag,Henriette
Malibran L
SophiaDorothea,Queen
Euler 1
Sophocles
Franklin10

OF NAMES

Porson2
Sorel,Felicia
Tamiris 1
Sorenson,Ted
Nixon 4
Sothern,Edward
Lincoln,A., 38
Soustelle,
Jacques
de Gaulle5
Southampton,Henry
\ilfriothesley,3rd Earl of
Spenser2
Southampton,Thomas
Wriothesley,4th Earl of
Cromwell 14
Southey,Robert
Brontd 2
Coleridge bio
Nelson617
Porson4
Telford bio
Souvre,Marquis de
Louis XV 2
Spaak,Paul Henri
Speaight,Robert William
Spellman,FrancisJoseph
Spencer,Herbert
Spencer,Raine, Lady
Cartland1
Spencer,SeldenP.
Coolidge12
Spender,Stephen
Connolly 1
P.8., bio
Shelley,
Spenser,Edmund
Olga
Spessiva,
Bakst 1
Spillane,Mickey [Frank
Morrison]
Spooner,William Archibald
Spoto,Donald
Williams 1
Springer,William M.
Reed2
Sprott,Walter John
KeynesL
Spurgeon,CharlesHaddon
Spurinna
Caesar9
Squire,Sir John Collings
StaI,Anne Louise Germaine
[Necker],Baronnede
Gibbon 1
Necker blo
Talleyrand5
Stafford,Jean
Stair,John Dalrymple,
Earl of
Louis XIV 8

696

INDEX OF NAMES

Stalin,Josephfiosif
Dzhugashvilil
Beria bio, I
Khrushchev4-5
O'Toole 2
Roosevelt,F. D., 5
Trotsky bio
Stanfield,Clarkson
Constable1
Stanley,Sir Henry Morton
Edison,T., 5
Leopold lI bio
Stanton,CharlesE.
Stanton,Edwin
Lincoln,A., 28
Stanton,ElizabethCady
Stapleton,Maureen
tUfilliams3
Stark,John
Steele,Sir Richard
Addisonbio
Garth 1
Steell,Sir John
S(reilingtonL1
Steffens,Lincoln
Stein,Gertrude
Balmain1
James,UI., 2
Picasso2-4
Steinbeck,Elaine
Steinbeck5
Steinbeck,John
Steinberg,William
Steinmetz,CharlesProteus
Stengel,Casey
Shor 2
Thronberry 1
Stern,Isaac
Ali 4
Perlman1
Sternaux,Ludwig
Blumenthal1
Sterne,Laurence
Johnson,S., 2L
Stevens,'Wallace
Thaddeus
Stevens,
Levant4
Stevens,
Mrs.'S7allace
Levant4
Stevenson,
Adlai E[wirg]
Lincoln,A., 10
Stevenson,Robert Louis
Arnold 3
Gossebio
Spencer1
Steyne,Geoffrey
Broun 1
Stillingfleet,Benjamin
Vesey1

Stillingfleet,Edward
Charlesll 7
Stillman,JamesA.
Stimson,Henry Lewis
Stokowski,Leopold
Stoppard,Tom
Story,Joseph
Marshall,J., 1,
Story, Mrs.
Marx, G., LL
Stout,John
Stout L
Stout,Lucetta
Stout L
Stout,Rex
!(rright, F. L., 2
Stowe,Harriet Beecher
Beeche
r bio
Twain 18
Strachey,[Giles]Lytton
Strasberg,Lee
Clurman 1
Straus,Genevidve
Haldvy
Aubernon1
Strauss,Johann
Brahms8-9
Strauss,Richard
Stravinsky,Igor
Dali 2
Nijinsky 1
Schonberg2
Stresemann,
Gustave
Briand 1
Strong,GeorgeTempleton
Dix 1
I7hitney 1
Stuart,Gilbert
Washington9
Stuart,JamesEwell Brown
Jackson,T. 1., 6
Stubbs,John
Stuhldreher,Harry
Stukeley,William
Newton I
Sudermann,Hermann
Suetonius
Agrippina 2
Nero 2
Sullivan,Anne Mansfield
Keller I
Sullivan,Sir Arthur Seymour
'W.
Gilbert,
5., bio, 3
Sullivan,Ed
Burns4
Sullivan,John Lawrence
Sulzbergr,
IphigeneOchs. See
Ochs,Iphigene
Summerall,CharlesPelot
Sumner,Charles

Grant, U. S., L0
Howe, J. W., I
Susann, Jacqueline
Sutherland, Donald
Bankhead 12
Sutherland, Harriet, Duchess of
Russell, J., 2
Victoria 4
Suvorov, Alexander Vasilievich
Svyatopolk
Swaffer, Hannen
Coward 7
Swanson, Claude Augustus
Swedenborg, Emanuel
Swift, Jonathan
Addison bio
Partridge 1
Scipio Nasica Serapio 1,
Swinbuffi, Algernon Charles
Gosse bio, 2-3
Sykes, Christopher
rUfaugh 5
Sykes, Sir Frederick
Law 1
Sylvester, Robert
Frisco &io
Szell, George
Szent-Gyrirgyi, Albert von
Nagyrapolt
Szilard, Leo
Rabi 1
Tacitus
Bacon 2
Taft, Horace Dutton
Taft, Lorado
Taft, William Howard
Beecham,Sir. T., 9
Hutchins 1
Lowell, A., 1
Robinson, E. A.r 2
Smith, F. E., 9
Taft, H. D., bio
Taglioni, Marie
Tamiris 1
Talleyrand-P6rigord, Charles
Maurice de
Alexander I 1
Charles X 2
Chateaubriand 2
Fouch6 2
Hamilton, A., I
Isabey 1
Mirabe au 2
Napoleon I 5, 1,4
Richeli eu bio
Stadl 2-3
Tamagno, Francesco
Tamiris, Helen [Helen Becker]

INDEX

697
Taper,Bernard
Balanchine1
Tauber,Richard
Moln6r 8
Taylor, A. J. P.
FerdinandI 1
Taylor, Elizabeth
Burton,R., bio
Taylor, Jeremy
Gossebio
Taylor, John
Taylor, Laurette
Taylor, Maxwell D[avenport]
Taylor, Paul
Taylor, Rosemary
Previn
3
'sfalter
Taylor,
Sickert2
Taylor, Zachary
Fillmorebio
ShermanL
Tchaikovsky,Pyotr Ilich
Cortot 1"
Rosenthal3
Rodgers2
Tecumseh
Telford, Thomas
Teller, Edward
Szilard bio
Temple, Frederick
Temple,Sir lfilliam
Swift bio
Teng Shih
Tennyson,Alfred, 1st Baron
Tennyson
BabbageL
Brownitg, R., 1
Cameroo,J. M., 1
Carlyle4
\7ilde 8
Teresaof Avila, Saint
Terry, Dame Ellen
Olivier L
Tertia
Caesar5
Tetrazzini, Luisa
Thacketay, William MakePeace
Thalberg, Irving J.
Cantor 2
Mayer 2
Thales
Thatcher, Denis
Thatcher,Margaret
Thatcher bio, I
Thaw, Harry K.
Mizner,W., 10
Nesbit 1
Themistocles
Aristides bio

Theodoric [Theodoricthe
Greatl
TheodosiusI
Ambrose bio
TheodosiusII
Cyrus of Panopolisbio
Thibaud, Jacques
Thiboust,Lambert
Napoleoo,J. C. P., I
Thiers, Louis Adolphe
Thomas,Dylan
John A., bio
Thomas, [Philip] Edward
Thomas,Norman
Thompson,Dorothy
Lewis,5., t-z
Susann2
Thompson,Elspeth
Tennyson4
Thompson,I7illiam Hepworth
SeeleyL
Thomson,Sir Basil
Foch 3
Thomson, Sir GeorgePaget
Lindemann bio
Thomson,Joseph
Thomsoo,J. J.
Bohr bio
Thomson,G., bio
Thomson,Kenneth
ThomaS,R. H., 1
Thomson, Robert
Thomson,Roy Herbert' lst
Baron Thomson of Fleet
Thoreau, Henry David
Dodge L
Thorndike, Rev. A. J. \U(/.
Thorndike L
Thorndike, Dame Sybil
Thorold, A. L.
Labouchere5
Thorpe, JiThronbrry, Marv
Thucydides
Edman L
Thurber, James
Ross4-5, l2-I3
Thurber,Mary AgnesFisher
Thurber 3
Thurlow, Edward, lst Baron
Burke 5
Sheridatr,R. B., 1
Tichatschek,Joseph
Slezak1
Ticknor, George
Hamilton, A., L
Tintoretto fiacopo Robusti]
Titian
Giorgionebio

OF NAMES

Titus
Vespastan2
Toch-a-way
Sheridan,P. H., I
Todd, Ann
Korda L
Togo, Admiral
Bryan 1"
Toklas,Alice B.
Balmain1
Steinbio, 5-7
Tolstoy, Leo [Nikolaevich],
Count
Tolstoy, Countess
McCullersL
Tooke, John Horne
Tooker,JosephH.
CushmanL
Toscanini, Arturo
Tosti, FrancescoPaolo
Henri
Toulouse-Lautrec,
Goldwyn 11"
Townshend,Charles
Toye, \fendy
Coward 3
Tracy, Spencer
Hepburn bio
Traian
Hadrian bio
Trapp family
Haydn 2
Traubel,Helen
Durante4
Travers,Ben
Hawtrey L
Travers,William R.
Tree, Sir Herbert Beerbohm
Bancroft I
\ililde 10
Trelawtry,Edward John
Shelley,P. B., 2
Trench, Richard Chenevix
Trilling, Lionel
Trollope, Anthony
Trollope, F., bio
Trollope, Frances
Trotsky, Leon [Lev Davidovich
Bronstein]
Troy, Hugh
Trudeau,Edward Livingston
Trudeau, PierreElliott
Truman, Bess
Levant 8
Truman 317
Truman, Flarry S.
Blake,E., bio
Dewey,F., I
Gallup 1
Leahy 1.

INDEX

698

OF NAMES

Truman (continued)
Levant8
Nixon 2-3
Stevenson,
A. E., I
Truman, Margaret
Truman217
Truth, SoiournerflsabellaVan
Wagenerl
Tshombe,Moise
Kennedl,J. F., 11
Tumulry,JosephP.
S7ilson,W., 4
Tunnard,Viola
Grenfell1
Tunney,Gene
Dempsey l-2
Tuohy, Patrick
Joyce,James,5
Turner, Glenn
Johnston1
Turner, JosephMallord
William
I7histler 15
Turner, Nancy Byrd
Robinson,E. A., 1,
Twain, Mark [Samuel
LanghorneClemens]
Coolidge7
Depew L
Dodge 1
Truman 5
Ylard 2
Tweed,William Marcy
("Boss")
Cushman1
Nast 1
Tyler, GeorgeC.
Kaufman8
Tynan, Kenneth
Carson2
Tyrawley,JamesO'H ara,2d
Baron
Chesterfield4
Uccello, Paolo
Udall, Stewart
Khrushchev3
Ulbricht, Walther
Unamunoy Jugo,Miguel de
De Val era2
Unitas,John
Untermeyer,Louis
Eliot, T. S.,2
Unzelmann,Karl Wilhelm
Ferdinand
Urban, Joseph
Mizner,W., 10
Urbino, Duchessof
Titian 1

Urbino, Duke of
Aretino I
Titian 1
Ustinov, Peter
Utrillo, Maurice
Modigliani 1
Valdes,Ramiro
Castro2
Valeriani,Richard
Kissinger2
Vallon, Annette
Wordsworthbio
Valois,Margueritede
Nerval 2
Valois,Ninette de
Baylis bio
Van Buren, Martin
Vanderbilt,Alice
Vanderbilt,Cornelius
Vanderbilt,V. H., bio
Westinghouse
1
Vanderbilt,Cornelius,II
Vanderbilt,A., bio
Vanderbilt,Gloria
Vanderbilt,A., 1,
Vanderbilt,Grace
Astor, N., 5
Vanderbilt,Reginald
Vanderbilt,A., 1
Vanderbilt,Sophia
Vanderbilt,C., 3
Vanderbilt, William Henry
Van Doren,Mamie
Belinsky1
Van Doren, Mark
Van Dyck, Anthony
Gainsboroughbio, 2
Van Gogh, Vincent
Fry 1
Troy 1
Van Vechten,Carl
Stravinsky2
Varah, Chad
Vasari,Giorgio
Columbus2
Michel angelo7
Vatel
Vaucanson,Jacquesde
du Deffand 3
Vaughan,Herberr Alfred,
Cardinal
Adler 1
Vaughan-Thomas,'V7ynford
SmutsI
VaughanI7illiams, Ralph
Beecham,Sir T., 4
Vega Carpio, Lope F6lix de
Verdi, Giuseppe

Bing 10
Liszt 1
Tamagno bio
Verlaine, Paul
Verrall, Arthur Woollgar
Vesey, Elizabeth
Vespasian fTitus Flavius
SabinusVespasianus]
Victor Amadeus II
Victoria, Queen
Albert, Prince, bio, 1-2
Bismarck 8
Cambridge bio
Carroll, L., 1,
Cetewayo bio
Coward 5
D i s r a e l i5 , 1 5 , 1 6
Edward YII bio, 3-5
Eug6nie bio
George V 8
Grant, U. S., 13
Kingsale 1
Lear 1,-2
Melbou rne bio
Mountbatten bio
Paderewski I
Palmerston 2
\ilTellington 1"4
Whewell I
tilTilde 14
Vidal, Gore
Vig6e-Lebrun, Marie-Louise
Marie Antoinette 3
Villa, Pancho
Villard, Oswald Garrison
Frick 1
Villars, Claude-Louis-Hector
Louis XIV 3
Villiers de L'Isle-Adam,
Auguste, Comte de
Vinay, Ramon
Bing 5
Virchow, Rudolf
Visconti, Luchino
Callas 2
Vitellius, Aulus
Caligula 2
Vladimir, Saint
Svyatop olk bio
Voiture, Vincent
Bossuet L
Vollard, Ambroise
Cezanne I
Mallarm6 1
Rops I
Volney, Constantin
'S7ashington
L0
Voltaire [FranEois-Marie
Arouetl

699
Allais 1
Bolingbroke1
Byng bio
Condorcet bio
CongreveL
de Gaulle 7
Denisbio
Diderotbio
du Deffand bio
Franklin 10
Frederick lI bio
Lenclos5
Newton L
Philip V 1
Talleyrand12
von Neumann,John
Voroshilov,Kliment
Beria L
Voss,Richard
Sudermann1
Vukovich, Bill
Rube
Waddell,
'Sfagner,
Cosima
LehmannL
'Wagner,
Richard
Biilow bio
Furnrri ngler bio
LehmannL
Liszt bio, 2
Meyerbeerbio, 3
Richter bio
Wolf bio
tU7aldegrave,
Lady
Macauley1
Waley, Arthur
Strachey3
Walker, JamesJohn
rUfallace,
Mike
Perlman1
Wallach, Eli
Wallenstein,Alfred
\Talter t
Waller, Edmund
Waller, "Fats"
Basiebio
Waln, Nicholas
Walpole,Hor ace,4th Earl of
Orford
du Def fand bio
Macauley1
Selwynbio
til(ralpole,
Robert
\falpole, Sir R., 1
Walpole, Sir Robert, lst Earl of
Orford
Selwyn3
Walter, Bruno

INDEX

Walton, E. T. S.
Cockcroft bio
'Walton,
Sir William [Turner]
Sitwell bio
Warburton, William
Quin 1
Ward, Artemus [CharlesFarrar
Browne]
A., 25
Lincoln,
'Ward,
JamesAllen
Churchill,'W.,14
Warden,\(illiam Gray
Mizner,A., 1
\U7arder,
Betsy
'W.,
Holmes,O.
Jr., 8
\7arhol, Andy
Mascagni1
Warner,Glenn "Pop"
Thorpe 3
Warner, Jack
'Warnod,
Andr6
1"6
Picasso
'Warren,
Herbert
Lewis,C. S., L
'Warren,
Leonard
Merrill 1
\Ufarwick,Lord
Addison 4
Washington,George
Adams,J., bio, I
Coolidge20
Franklin 5
Lafayette bio
Painebio
A. E-, 4
Stevenson,
rUfalker1.
\U7ashington'
Martha
\(Ialker t
\Tashington9
Charles
Waterton,
'Watson,
JamesDeweY
Avery bio
Richard
Watson,
'Watson,
ThomasAugustus
Bell,A. G., L
Watt, Frank William
Steinbeck5
Watt, James
Watterson,Henry
\7atts-Dunton,Theodore
Vhistler 18
Waugh, Evelyn
Wavell, Archibald Percival,lst
Earl
\[ebb, Beatrice
\7ebb bio
\(rebb, Clifton
Coward 13
Webb, Sidney[ames], Baron

OF NAMES

Passfield
'S7eber,
Karl Maria von
Ivleyerbeerbio
Webster,Daniel
Adams,J. Q., 2
Clay,H.r 7
Everettbio
Jackson,A., 5
Jeffersoo,T., 10
\Uflebster,
Captain Ebenezer
'Webster,
L
'S7ebster, D.,
Ezekiel
'$(rebster,
D., L
Webster,Noah
I7edekind,Frank
Reinhardt bio
\7eill, Kurt
Lenya bio, 1
'S(eiss,
Ottocaro
Joyce,James,9
Weissmuller,Johnny
Chaim
Weizmann,
'Weizsicker,
Carl Friedrichvon
Hutchins 5
\il7elk,Lawrence
Heifetz 4
Welles,Orson
Barrymore,J., 8
Hearst L
Welles,Utica
Beecham,Sir T., 1
Wellington, Arthur WellesleY,
1st Duke of
Carolineof Brunswick3
GeorgelV 2
Isabey1
NapoleonI 14
PalmerstonL
Raglanbio, 1'
tU7ilson,
Harriette, L
\Ufellington,2d Duke of
Grant,U. S., 9
Wells, H[erbert] G[eorge]
Caine L
Werfel, Alma Mahler
\ilferfel, Franz
Ylerfel bio
\Wesley,Charles
Wesleybio
Wesley,
'!7est, John
Beniamin
FuseliL
West, Mae
West, Dame Rebecca
Westbury,Lord
Lear 4
Westinghouse,George
Westminster,Duke of
Chanel2

INDEX

700

OF NAMES

Wharton, Edith Newbold

Astor,M., I
Mugnier 2
\ilharton, Thomas'S7harton,
Duke of
Addison2
Wheatcroft, Harry
Wheeler,CharlesN.
Ford, H.r Z
Wheeler,Joseph
Whewell,William
Smith,S., 11
Whistler,JamesAbbott
McNeill
Buller 1
Leighton1
Wilde 6-7
W'hite,Andrew Dickson
White, Sanford
Mizner,W., 10
Nesbit 1
White, William Allen
Whitefield,George
Chesterfield1
Whitehead,Alfred North
Plato bio
Russell,Bertrand, bio
Whitelrw, William [Stephen
Ian], lst ViscountWhitelaw of Penrith
Whitman, Walt
rVhitney,Eli
Whitney bio
Whitney, Stephen
IThittier,John Greenleaf
Dodge 1
Emerson7
\7hyte, L. L.
Einstein5
'V(ridor,
Charles-Marie
Bart6k 1
Wieniawski,Henri
\07ilberforce,
Samuel
Huxley, T. H., 1.
Wild, Jonathan
Wilde, Oscar
Bernhardt9
Harris,F., I
Ouida 1
Pater1,-2
Ruskin 1
Shaw,G. B., l, 18
Whistler14
Wilder, Billy [Samuel]
Monroe 2
Wilding, Michael
WilhelmII, Kaiser.SeeWilliam
II, Emperor of Germ any

Wilhelmina Helena Pauline

Maria, Queen
Wilkes, John
Willard, Francis Elizabeth
Caroline
Willes, Sir John
\filley, Peter
Johnston 2
Williarn I lsfilliam the Conqueror], King of England
William I, King of Prussia and
Emperor of Germany
Bismarck bio
William II, Emperor of
Germany
Bismarck bio
Btilow 1
Edward YII bio
George V 7
StraussI
Wilhelmina 1
William III, King of England
Cameron bio
Halifax, C. M., 1,
\Tilliam IV, King of England
Alvanley 3
Dalton 1,
Northcote 1,
Victoria bio, 1, 3
'Sfilliam
of Orange
Sedley 1
Williams, Tennessee[Thomas
Lanier tilTilliamsl
B a n k h e a d1 l
Taylor, L., bio
Wilson, A. N.
Belloc 4
Wilson, Charles Erwin
Wilson, Edmund
Wilson, Sir Harold
Bevan 1
Butler, R. A., 1,
Macmillan 3
Wilson, Harriette
ril7ilson,
John
Campbell, T., 3
Wilson, Richard
Wilson, [Thomas] Woodrow
Bryan bio
Clemenceau8, 10
Garfield 1
Taft, W. H., 2
Winchell, Walter
tU(oollcom3
\7inter, Ella
Steinbeck 1
Winterfeldt, General von
Frederick II 7

Winters, Shelley fShirley

Schriftl
Wise, Stephen Samuel
'V7ise,
T. J.
Gosse3
Iilfither, George
Denham L
Wodehouse,Sir P[elham]
GIrenville]
McCoy 2
\ilodehouse, Ethel
\ilTodehouse1-z
Woffington, P.g
\Tojechzleschki,Stanislaus
Nixon 7
Wolf, Hugo
Wolfe, Humbert
Churchill, W., 10
Wolfe, James
Wolfe, Thomas
Fitzgerald,F. S., 2
\ilfolff, Umberto. SeeWolfe,
Humberr
\Tollstonecraft, Mary
Shelley,M., bio
\7olsey, Thomas Cardinal
S k e l t o n ,1 . , 1
Woodbridge, Frederick James
Eugene
\Toodhull, Victoria
Vanderbilt, C., 3
\ilfoolf, Leonard
Smyth 1
\7oolf, Virginia
Smyth 1
Woollcott, Alexander
Adams, F. P., 4
Bankhead 3
Chesterton 12
Dietz I
Kaufman ll
MacArthur 1
Ross 10
Wordsworth, Mary
\Tordsworth I
Wordsworth, William
Coleridge bio
Emerson bio
Housman I
Scott 5
Worsley, "Gump" [Lorne]
Wren, Sir Christopher
Wright, Frank Lloyd
Wright, Orville and Wilbur
Wyatt, James
Beckford bio
Wycherley, William
Wyler, William

70r
Goldwyn3, 17
Wylie, Elinor
Xantippe
Socrates2
Xenophon
Socrates bio
Xerxes,King
Yaroslov
Svyatopolk bio
Yasodhora,Princess
Buddhabio
Yeats,William Butler
Campbell,Mrs. P., 1
Gogarty 2
Joyce,James,2
Moore, G. A.r 2

INDEX

tWrilde15
Yerkes,Myra Moore
Mizner,'W.,12
Yoshida, Shigeru
Young, Edward
Swift 6
Young, Sir John
Jonson2
Yusupov, PrinceFeliks
Zangwill, Israel
Zanuck, Darryl
Goldwyn 2
Zeno
Zeuxis
Kneller 2
Zhao Gao
Shi Huangdi 1

OF NAMES

Ziegfeld, Florenz
Houdini 2
Zimmerman, Arthur
Gerard 1
Zimmermann, Georg von
FrederickII 11
Zog I, King
Zola, Emile
Holmes,O. \U(/.,
Jt., 3
Zukofsky, Louis
Barnes1
Zukor, Adolph
Kaufman15
Zuloaga, Ignacio
Falla 1
Zuppke, Bob
Grange1

$--'INDEX OF SUBJECTSa24
abolitionists
Anthony 1
Garrison 1
Phillips 1,-2
Seealso
absentmindedness.
forgetfulness
Bowlesl-2
Brodie,B. C., 1
Cecil 1
Chesterton9-ll
Dewey,J., 2
Dudley 1
Edman 1-3
Hilbert l-2
Hofmann
'!(/.,3
3
James,
Lawson L
LessingL
Newton 11
RamseyL
Schodl1
Smith,A., 1
Tennyson2
Thales3
ToscanimT
Trollope, A., 1.
academics.Seealso scholars
Agassiz1
Atkinson 1
Auden 3
Bradley1
Cohen 1
Copeland1
Edman 1
Kittredge 1
Oppenheimer 1
Phelps 1
Trilling 1
accents, foreign
Bevin 1
Chesterton 1
Choate 5
Curtiz 1
Heyerdahl 1

Meir 3
Shaw,G. B. 11
Thackeray2
accidents
Adams,F. P., 2

Aeschylus1
EdwardVII 11
Lewis,C. S., 5
L i l l i e2 , 9
Lindemann1
Mahafty I
Nagurski 4
Napoleon,E., 3
Nixon 5
Richardson2
Routh 3
Smith,B., 1
Thales3
Twain 4
accomplishment
Armstrotrg,N., 1
accountants
O'Neal 1
accusations
Jeffreys1
acrobats
Dumaspire 7
Heiferz I
acronyms
Verdi 1
von Neumann 1.
acting
Barrie 10
Barrymore,J.r 2-S
Hitchcock 2
Seealso
actorsand actresses.
theater
movies;rehearsals;
Astaire1, 3
Bankhead10
Barrymore,M., 3
Benchley ll
Bernhardt2, 4, 6-7, 14-15
Booth,J. B., tr 34
Braithwaite1
Burton, R., 1
Calhern 1
Campbell,Mrs. P., 2
Capus1
Chaplin1
Cibber 1
Cohan 1
Cooper,D., 1
Cooper,Gary, 1
Cooper,Gladys,1

Courtneidge1
Coward 1-3, 5-5, 8, 11'
Cowl 1
Crawford L
Cukor 1
Davies,M., 1
Denis 2
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 7
Evans,8., t-2, 5
Faulkner5
Field,E., 1
Fiske 1
Fonda 1
Foote L
Garbo I-2
Garrick l-2
Gielgud l-2, 5
Gilbert,J., I
Gilbert,V. S., 5-5, 9
Goldwyn 4, 12
Graziano 2
Guitry 3
Gwenn 1
Hayes,H., l-2
Hitchcock2,8
Holland 1
Horton L
Howard, L., 1
Johnson,S., 19
KaufmanL, 19
Kemble,F., 2
. Kemble,J. P., t-2
Kern L
Klopfer L
Korda 1
Lawson 1
Lincoln,A., 38
Lunt 1-3
Macready 2
Manning 1
Matthews 1-2
Mature 1, 3
Merman L
Merrill 1
Moliire 1
Monroe 2
Morley, R., 1
Morris, C., 1

INDEX

704

OF SUBJECTS

actors,actresse
s (continued)
Nabokov 3
Olivier 1-2
O'Neal 1
O'Toole 2
Parker,D., 8, ll
Rachel3, 6
Racine 1.
Rehan1
SchwartzI
Sellers4
Shakespeare
l, 4
Shaw,G.8.r 22
Siddons1, 34
Skinner,C. O., 1
Skinner,O., L
Speaight1
Taylor, L., 1
Terry l-2
Thorndike 3
Tracy 1-3
Tree 1, 3-5
UnzelmannI
Ustinov 2
rUfallachI
rU[ilder1
Wilding 1
Woffington 1
Ziegfeld 1
Adam
Smith,S.,9
admiration
Churchill,W., 1,4
Goethe2
Modigliani 1
admirers
Alcott, L. M., L
Allen, F., 3
Anders L
Bart6k 1
Bennett,A., 5
Brooks,M., 3
Cabell 1
Cantor 8
Carroll,J., 1
Galli-Curci1
Gray 1
Guinness1
Hemingway9
Holmes,O. \U(/.,Sr.r7
Jacksotr,T. J., 5
Joyce,James,8
Klein 1
Koussevitzky1
Lind 1
Paderewski5
ShawG
, .8.r 22
Stengel4
Stravinsky10

Weissmuller2
adolescents
Blume 1
advancement
Ambrose1
advertising
Martinelli 1
Pulitzer1
'W.,
Rogers,
3
advice
Butler,S., 3
Clark,M.'W., 1
Curie 1
Eliot, T. S., 5
Emerson5
Foote 7
Gabor 5
Gaisford 1
Harris, G., I
Hartleben L
Hitchcock 2
Horowitz t
Huxley, A., 5
Paige1
Root 1
Routh 2
Spellman1
SwedenborgL
Tracy 3
Truman 5
tUflright,F. L., 1.
affectations.Seealsosnobbery
Jowett 2
Lenclos2
Kern 1
tUThistler
18
afterlife
Thomas,D., 2
Thoreau 1
ege
Gabor 4
Sirwell,8.,2
agents
Hayward 1
Lazar I
aging.Seealso old age
Auber 2
Churchill,\f., 5
Grant, C., I
Maugham 2
Niven 2
Picasso2
Swift 5
Yeats2
agnostics
Brooks,P., 1
Darrow 3
Fields6
agreements

\U7ebb1
airplanes.Seealso flying
Corrigan 1
Metaxas L
Philip, Prince,4
alibis
Auerbach1
alliances,national
Pfltain 2
Philip V t
Talleyrand11
ambiguity
Croesus1.
Darius I 1
Sheridan,R. 8., 1,1
ambition
Agrippina 1
BeatonI
BeckettL
Bernstein1
Caesar7
Churchill,$(/.,5
EmpedoclesI
GeorgeIII 3
Henry VIII 1
Herford 4
John XXIII 5
Kennedyr
l. P., 3
Montgomery,B. L.r 2
Picasso1
Renoir2
Rhodes3
RichardI 2
Russell,Bill, I
America
Talleyrand3
rU7ilde3
Americans
Acheson2
Gorki 1
amputation
Raglan 1
amusement
parks
Gorki 1
anagrams
Davies,E., 1,
ancestors
Astor, N., 5
Gladstone3
Kaufman10
LiliencronL
ancestry
Dumaspire 3
Gardner,I. S.,2
Iphicrates1
Margaret L
Smith,S., 7
anecdotes
Harris, F., I

705
Scott3
anger
Hunter L
Lincoln,A., 28
animals.Seealso cats; dogs;
pets
Bland-Sutton1"
Goering2
Grey 2
Ustinov 1
anonymity
Newton 10
anticlericalism
Greeley3
antiques
France2
Mizner, W., 13
. Seealso Jews
anti-Semitism
Belmont L
Chwolson 1
Disraeli 1
Hobson,L. 2., I
Kaufman11
Marx, G., 3
Montefiore L
'Sfise
1
tU7oollcott5
apologies
Barrie 1
Beaverbrook1
Blackwell 1
Chesterton9
Choate5
Churchill,R. F. E. S., 3
Hope 1
Lowe L
Sheridan,R. B., LL
Skelton,I., t
Toscanini1
Voltaire 1
apothecaries
Macready 1
appeals
Philip II 1
appearance
Aquinas L
Bankhead 2
Braque 1
Broun 2
Campbell,Mrs. P., 6
Charlotte 1
Chesterton2
Crockett 2
Darrow 1.
Eden,A., 1
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 9
Hardie 1
Hayakawa 2

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

Home,A. D., 1
James,H., 1
JohnXXIII 3,7
Kelly, G., 1
Lais 1
Lardner L
Lincoln,A., 18, 31
Longworth 2
Morley, R., 2
Rigaud 1
Roosevelt,F. D., 3
Ross9
Sargent,M., 3
Shaw,G. B., 217
Twain 20
'West,
R., l-2
William III 1
appendixes
Virchow 3
applause
DiMaggio 1
Sheen3
apples
John XXIII 1
Arabic language
NasserL
archaeologists
Christie,A., 1
Evans,A., 1
Schliemann1
architects/architecture
Franklin14
Mies van der Rohe 1
Mizner, A., 1
Mizner,'W.,10
Wren 1
\7right, F. L., l-2
arguments
Bing 6
Brummell 3
Cohn 4
Geoffrin 1
Goldwyn 3, 19-20
Gosse4
Hammett 4
Johnson,N., 2
Lincoln,A., 12
Louis,J., 3
Lubitsch 1
Mazarin 1
Modigliani 1
M o l n d r3 , 9
PeterI 2
ScarronL
Shor 2
Smith,S., 1
Stein5
Toscanini4
Trollope,A., L

Victoria 7
Voltaire 3
tUfalpole,H., 1
aristocrats.Seealso royalty
Angyo 1
Chesterfield2
Condorcet 1
Cooper,D., 3
Jones,J. P.r 2
Korda 2
Lincoln,A.r 29
Sackville-West1
SomersetL
Tennyson5
Armenians
Arlen 3
arrest
Jackson,A., 2
Orsay 1
arrogance
Alcibiades1
Ali 2-3
Galbraith 2
Howe, J. V., 1
Joyce,James,2, 6
Julia 4
Khrushchev4
Landers1.
Macmillan 3
Parker,D., 3
Somerset1
arson
Nero 2
art
Beaton1
Beckford2
Brown 2
Caroto L
DuveenL
Fry 1
GeorgeVl 2
Matisse1
Picasso4, 6, l3-I4
Stillman1
Turner 3
art collections
Beckford2
Frick 1
art dealers
Duveen1-3, 5
MorgaD,J. P.,
arthritis
Renoir34
artificial limbs
Bader 1
de Seversky1
artists,visual.Seealso sculptors
Apelles1
Bellows1

INDEX

705

OF SUBJECTS

artists,visual (continued)
3
Blaker'W.,
Brancusi1
Caroto 2
Cassatt1"
Clzanne 1,
Churchill, \Uf.,4344
Constablel-2
Corot 2-3
Dali 4-5
Degas2
Fry 1-2
Fuseli2
Gainsborough1
Gilot 1
Giotto 1-3
Hocking 1
Hokusai 1
Homer L
Kneller2
Koppay L
Leighton 1
Liebermann1
Marie Antoinette3
May L
Medici 1
Michelangelo3, 5
Modigliani 1
Morse 2
Northcote 1
Parrish1
Perugino1
PicassoI-19
Poussin1
Raphael1
Renoir 14
Reynolds1
Robert,L., I
Rossetti1
Sargent,J. S., 1
Sickert3
Tintoretto 1,
Titian 2
Turner 1,-6
Uccello1
\Thistler4, ll-"1.2, 15-17
tU7ilde7
\Ufilson,R., 1,
Zeuxis 1
ascetics
Gandhi, M. K., l-2
assassinations.See also execution; murder
Alfonso XII 1
Caesar 8, 10
Clemenceau 1"0
de Gaulle 12
Francis Ferdinand 1
Garfield 1

Henry II 1
Lincoln,R. T., 1
McKinley 2
Reagan2-3
Roosevelt,T., 5
Wellington 8
asthma
'SV'.,
Sr., 2
Holmes,O.
Astrodome
RainierL
astrologers
CardanoL
Louis XI 1
astrology
Newton 3
astronauts
Armstrong,N., I-2
astronomers
Galileo 1
Herschel1
Kepler 1
Messier1.
astronomy
Alfonso X 1
Einstein14
GeorgeIII 1
Newton 1, 3
Roosevelt,T., 3
Thales1
asylums
Wolf 1
atheists
Bufruel1
Tolstoy 1
athletes
. Seealso sports,specific
sports
Ali 5
Hundley 1
Nurmi 1
Russell,Bill, 2
Ruth 1
Thorpe 1-3
Thronberry 1
atomicweapons
Koestler3
Leahy 1
Oppenheimer2-3
Thomas,N., 2
Atomic EnergyCommission
Oppenheimer3
atonement

Gardner,I. S.,3
attention
Vidal 1
auctions
Cherubini2
Degas2
audacity

rrild 1

audiences
Acton L
Addison 1
Albert, Prince,I
Alexander,George,L
Antheil 1
Auden 3
Benchley10
Bernhardt1, 3, 8
Berra 1
Bing4, 10
Blumenthal1
Borge 2-3
Btilow 2
Calhern1
Churchill,\f., 32
Clay,H.r 6
Coolidge8
Cooper,Gladys,1
Courtneidge1
Cowl 1
Dumaspire 8
EdwardVII 9
Erskine,J., 2
Feydeau4
FrederickWilliam lV 2
GarrisonL
GeorgeII 1
Goldwyn 17
Hitchcock 5
Horton L
Kaufman8, 1,6
Klemperer3
Lamb, Charles,5
Nilsson5
Parker,D., 1,
ProkofievI
Rachel5
Rubinstein,Arthur, 2
Schleiermacher
L
Schnabel3
Siddons5
Stokowski2
Taylor,L., 1
Twain 7
Voltaire 2
Wallach 1,
Wilde 5
auditions
Astaire1
Gatti-CasazzaI
Australia
Kemble,J. P., 2
Austrians
FrancisFerdinand1
authority
Allen, E.r 2
Chesterton1.2
auto racing

707
DePalma1
Fangio1
Shaw,W., 1
Vukovich 1
autobiography
Parker,D., 20
autographs.Seealso
inscriptions
Beerbohm2
Bennett,A., 5
Copland 1
Hoover 4
Hugo 4
Kipling 2
Lincoln,A., 30
Merrill 2
Nash L
Nijinsky 2
Nixon 7
PaigeL
10-11
Picasso
ProkofievL
Rachel2
Schweitzer5
Shaw,G. 8., 20
automation
ReutherL
automobiles
Arno L
Gulbenkian1
Mizner,'W.,L5
ReutherL
Silvers1
aviators
Corrigan L
awards
Bismarck3
France3
GarrisonL
Sheen1
awkwardness
Nixon 5
babies
Churchill,W., 3 L
bachelors
Chevalier2
Hart 1.
HolmeS,O. W., Ir.r 2
Nivernais L
bailiffs
Dumaspire 5
SteeleL
baldness
AeschylusL
Burns4
Campbell,Mrs. P., 8
Connelly 1
Marx, G., 5

INDEX

M"ry, Queenof Scots,I

Philip, Prince,L
rg 1
Steinbe
ballet. Seealso dancers
Bernhardt13
de Valois 1
Diaghilev 2-3
Nijinsky 1
Stravinsky12
banality
Coolidge5-7, 21
bandages
Simon,R. L., L
bankers
Eliot, T. S., L
NapoleonI 13
PooleL
bankruptcy
Hyde-White 1
Joyce,John, 3
banks
Marx, G., 13
Thurber 8
barbers
ArchelausL
Fernandel1
FrederickAugustusI L
Macaulay 4
bargaining
L
Clemenceau
baseball
Aaron 1.
Alexander,G. C., 1"
Berra 1.
Dean I-2
Durocher L
Eliot, C.r 2
Gehrig L-2
Grimm L
Jacksotr,J., 1
Jolley 1
Rizzuto L
Robinson,J., L
Roosevelt,F. D., 6
Ruth 1.,3, 5
Shor 2
StengelL-2, 4-5
Thomson,Robert,L
Thronberry L
Waddell 1
basketball
AuerbachL
Baylor L
'U7.
Chamberlain, 1,
Hundley 2
Kurland 1
Luisetti l-z
bathrooms
Caen L

OF SUBJECTS

Maeterlinck1
NapoleonI 4
OnassisI
Smith,F. 8., 7
tUfilder3
I(illiams 4
baths
Hoffmann L
battles
Beatty 1.
Caesar3
Forgy L
Jones,J. P., 1'
McAuliffe 1
NapoleonI L1
Nelson 3-4
Perry L
P6tain1
Stark 1
\Tellington 7
\U7heeler
1
beards
AlexanderIII 8
Keppel 1
Piccard1
Shaw,G. B., 13
bears
Nixon 8
BeatGeneration
KerouacL
beauty
Charlotte L
Dumas fils a
Fuller,R. 8., 1.
Henry VIII 2
Hyde, C., I
Koppay 1
Lenya L
Moore, G. A.r 4
Sharif1
Simenon3
Talleyrand5
bedsidemanner
Temple 1
begging
Altenberg1
Jerrold 4
beliefs
Russell,Bertrand,5
bequests
Benny5
Cooper,V., 1
Graves1
Nelson 5
bereavement.
Seealso grief
Coward 13
de Gaulle 5
Galois 1
MessierL

708

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

bets
Brodie,S., I
Cohn 2
Coolidge2, 1,3
GatesL
Goldwyn 3
Guitry 2
HeideggerL
Johnson,S., 15
Landers2
Marquis 2
Mozart 4
2
Schopenhauer
Stout3
Unitas L
Bible,the
Byron 4
Cohn 2
Grant,U. S., 10
Menelik 2
Paine2
Racine1
\filde 1
bidets
tUTilder3
Big Ben
Hall 1
bigamy
Russell
, J., 3
billiards
Louis XIV 7
Spencer1
bills
Burns2
EdwardVIII 3
Houdini 1
Kennedy,I. P., 4
Lister 1
Steinmetz 2
biography
Balanchine1
Carlyle 2
Coolidge20
Goethe5
Lee,R. E., 5
Parker,D., 20
Steinbeck5
\Ufilson,Harriette, I
birds
Albert, Prince,3
Augustus3
Barrymore,M.r z
Huxley,J., 2
Ker 1
Lillie 4
Norden 1.
Victoria 17
birth announcements
Dirichlet 1

birth control
Darrow 4
birthdays
Adams,F. P., 3
Bismarck9
Lamb, Caroline,1,
Stevenson,
R. L., I
Twain 15
birthpiaces
Whistler3
blackmail
Adams,J. Q., I
Armstrong,L., I
Brougham 2
Hogarth 1
Scripps1
Teng 1
\Ufilson,Harriette, I
blacks.Seealso racisrn
Roosevelt,E., 1
Robinson,J., 1
blessings
SneadL
blindness
Huxley,A., 3
Keller 1
North 4
g l-2
Shearin
Thurber 9
Blitz, the (World War II)
Elizabeththe QueenMother
3-4
bluestockings
Vesey1
bluffing
Porson2
blunders
de Seversky1
Esposito1
Gesvres1
Gielgud1
HeggenI
Kipling 1
Lowell,R., 1
Metaxas1
Morgatr,J. P., Sr.,5
NapoleonI 5
Nixon 5
Norden L
O'Toole 2
Previn1, 3
S i t w e l lG
, .,2
Spooner5
Talleyrand8
Trench2
boasting
Acheson3
Ali 1-3
Archimedes2

Aumale2
GerardL
GrazianoL
Greeley2
Jackson,A., 3
Jarry 3
Kennedy,
J. F., 16
McCullers1
MascagniI
Reed1
Taylor,1., I
Twain 19
\Tilhelmina1
bombing
Lunt 3
books
Abercrombie1
Carroll,J., I
ChestertonL3
Coolidge14
Cooper, Gary,2
Dickens 2-3, 5
Dryden2
Duveen5
Hardy 1
Hazlitt 1
Menelik2
Omar 1
Routh 3
Shaw,G. B.r2l
Thoreau2
Twain 10
borders
3
Jusserand
PhilipV 1
boredom
'W.
Austin,
R., 2
Beerbohm4
Coward 14
Darwin 2
Dumaspire 8
Edison,T., 8
EdwardVII 9
FrederickWilliam lV 2
Gosse2
Guitry 1
Huxley,J., 2
La Fontaine1
1
Queensberry
Richardson1"
Sandburg1
ShawG
, . B.,10,18
bores
Adams,F. P., 5
Andersen 2
Bernard3
Bismarck7
Browning2
Burke2

709
Campbell,Mrs. P., 3
Canning2
CharlesII 3
Churchill,R. H. S., L
Connelly4
Connolly 1
Herford 5
Jerrold 3
Selwyn4
Shaw,G. B., ll
Smith,S., 9
Thomas,D., L
Travers L
Twain 13
Van Doren L
rUilhistler9
til(rilde4
borrowing. Seealsodebts;
loans
Hazlitt 1
Boston,Massachusetts
Emerson7
Gardner,I. S., 1-2
boxers
Ali 4
Dempseyl-4
FitzsimmonsL
Graziano t-2
Louis,J., 1, 3-5
McCoy l-2
Mizner, W., 619
Rosenbloom1
Sullivan,I. L., I
brandy
Talleyrand13
Trollope,A.r 4
breakingwind
ElizabethI 1
breasts. Seealso d6colletage
Aubernon2
Churchill,W., 28
Dumas fils 2
LenclosL
Louis XV 5
Mature 2
Parker,D., LL
brevity. Seealso taciturnity
Coolidge1, t9
Eisenhower3
Getty 1
Henri IV 6
Perry 1.
Swift 4
bribery
Dryden 3
Jacksoo,J., 1
bridges
Richelieu2
British,the

INDEX

Coote 1.
Gabin t
Broadway
Chesterton14
Brocken specter
GosseL
brothers
CharleslI 6
Holmes,J., 1
Jacobi1
Buddhism
Asoka 1
Buddha1
bullfights
Coward 14
bullies
Swinburne1
bureaucracy
Nelson 2
burials. Seealso funerals
Darius I 2
Donovan 1.
Dumaspire 5
Jonsonlr 2
Juang-zuI
Molitsre L
Nelson 7
Rossetti2
buses
Plomer L
businessmentality
Ford, H., 1
businessmethods
Alexander,H., 1
Carnegie3-4
Ford,H., 1, 6
Goldwyn 2, l0
Ross 4-5
ThalbergL-2
calamity
Disraeli7
Napoleon,E., 3
callousness
Evans,A., 1
Gauss2
Labouchere5
Louis XV 5
McCormick 1
Marie Antoinette 1.
Mayer 2
Morel 1
Nabokov L
NapoleonI 11
Richelieu3
Rossini9
Routh 1
Russell,Bertrandr2
Vanderbilt,C., 3

OF SUBJECTS

\U7ilson,
UI., 2
tilTylie1
calmness
Carver L
Casals2
Green,J. H., 1
HolmeS,F. D., 3
Lunt 3
Montgomery,B. L., 4
Sheridan,R. 8., 15
Wellington 7-8
camouflage
Picasso4
cancer
Dooley 1
candidates.Seeelections;
politicians; presidents
cannibalism
Smith,S., 8
cards/cardgames
Adams.F. P., 1,
Campbell,D., 1
Cole 1
Culbertson 1.
Eliot, T. S., 5
Elliston 2
Foote 7
Gershwin,I., L
Hull 1
Kaufman3, t4
Locke 1
Louis XV 5
MiznerrW., 2
Parr 3
careers.Seealso employment
Beaton L
Browne 1
GeorgeV 1
Kennedy,J. F., 3
Pope,Alexander,3
Root 1
Smith,S., 13
caricatures
tUfellington13
cartoonists
Nast 1
Ross13
castration
Grassini1
Catholics
Adler 1
Andrew 1
Fields5
cats
Evans,E.r 2
Newton 5
Parker,D., 19
Twain 8

71 , 0

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

cautlon
LL
Clemenceau
Hoover 3
celebrations
Cunard 1
celebrities
Claire 1
DiMaggio 1
Telford L
Twain 11
celebrity. Seefame
celibacy
Stanton,E. C., 1
censorship
PompadourL
Stubbs1
challenges
Cleveland,F. F., 1
Mallory 1
champagne
\(rilde 17
championships
Louis,J., I
change
Lloyd George3
chariry
Abernerhy4
Aidan 1
Bankhead 7
Beechaffi,T., 1
Benny2
Bernard10
Bright 1
Carlyle5
Carnegie1
Fontenelle 2
Ford, H., 5
La Guardia 1
O'Hara 1.
charlatans.Seefrauds
charm
Disraeli15
Kennedy,
I. F., L3
chastiry
Augustine1
cheating
Culbertson1
Foote 7
Gates1
McCoy 2
Mizner,W., 11.
chefs.Seecooks/chefs
chess
Begin1
Borromeo1
chickens
Borge4
Coolidge9
child labor

Owen 1
child prodigies
Auber 1
Einstein1
GaussL
Huxley, A., 1
JamesI 3
Johnsor,S., 1
Knox, R., I
Koestler1.
Macaulay1
Mozart 1.,3
Pascal1
Rosenthal3
child rearing
Coleridge 4
Picabia1
children.Seealso child prodigies;parents
Andersen3
Aubernon3
B a r r i e3 , 5 , 9
Basie1
Benny4
Betty 1
Caesar10
Cantor 1
Carter 4
Chanel1
Clemenceau
5
Cornelia1
Courtneidge1
Coward1, 10, 13
CyrusII 1
de Gaulle5
Dewey,J., I
Diana 1
Diogenes5
Duse2
Einsteinl, 19-20
ElizabethII 5
Engels1
Feydeau1
Field,M., 1
Fitzgerald,E., 1
Fry 2
GeorgeV 5
Gibbon 1
Giotto 3
Goethe4
Grable1
Grant, C., I
Graves1
Gunther3
Hayes,H., I
Huxley,J., I
Johnson,S., 6
Julia 1
Kennedy,
J. F., 1,6-17

Koestler1
Lamb, Charles
, l, 4
Laughton3
Lillie 5
Lincoln,A., 8
Macaulay1
Macmillan 2
Marx, G., 11,
Monteux 3
Mountbatten L
Olivier 1
OscarII L
Picasso1.9
Raleigh5
Schonberg1
2
Schumann-Heink
Scott4
SeussL
SolomonL
A. E.r 7
Stevenson,
Themistocles
2
Truman 2
Wellington 12-13
tVhistler13
chivalry.Seegallantry
choreographers.
Seealso ballet;
dancers
Diaghilev2-3
ChristianScience
Eddy 1
Christianity.Seereligion
churches
Edison,T., 5
Voltaire 12
CIA
Castro2
cigars
Coolidge17
Freud2
Haeseler1
Humes L
Knopf 1
Laird 1
Marshall,T. R., I
Marx, G., LL
Stengel1
Twain 17
circumcision
Cantor 2
circuses
Barnum2
Stravinsky12
citizenship
Einstein7
Legros 1.
civil disobedience
Thoreau4
civilization
Gandhi,M., 5

7tr
Garrod 1
Park L
classics,study of
Gaisford 1
cleanliness
Edison,T.r 7
Elliston 2
Fleming,A., I
'S7est,
R., 2
clergy
AmbroseL
Andrew 1
Augustine 1
Bernhardt 6-7
Bossuet2
Browne L
Chesterfield1
Churchill,W., L5
Evans,E., 1
GeorgeIII 1
George-BrownL
Grant,U. S., 14
Greeley3
Gregory I 1
Henry II 1
Hill, R.,2
Holmes,O. W., Sr., 1.
Hume 2
JamesI 2
John XXIII 5-6
Johnson,S., L8
Lang 1
Luther 3
Marx, G.r 2
Morgao,J. P., Sr., 3
Mugnier 2, 5
Paley1
Phillips2
PoggioBracciolini 1
Sandwich1
L
Schleiermacher
Smith,S.,4, 8, L0
Swift 3
Temple 1.
Thurlow 2-3
Trench 1
Voltaire 15
\U7esley
2
tU7ilkes1
clocks
Tree 2
clothing. Seealso costumes;
fashion
Acheson3
Alexander,S., 1
Astor, N., 4
Beecham,Sir T., 2
Bernard7
Campbell,Mrs. P., 5

INDEX

Chanel4
Churchill, \f., 48
Coward 34
Darrow L
Depew2
Eden,A., I
Faisal1
Fuller, Margaret, 2
Gielgud2
Grote L
GuinesL
Harrison,G., 1.
Julia 2
Montagu 1
Poe 1
Rhodes1
Ross9
Smyth 1
Taft, L., I
TennysonL, 4-s
Twain 18
clubs
Adams,F. P., L
Foote 5
Marx, G.r 3-4
Mature 1.
clumsiness
Jolley 1
Macaulay 4
Whistler 15
coaches
Luisetti 1
coal miners
Owen L
cobblers
Apelles1
Cockneyaccent
Choate5
codes,secret
Thomson,G., L
coincidence
Adams,J., 2
Churchill,\7., 1.2
Coleridge5
Divine 1
FerdinandIV 1
Hyder'W.,1.
Jefferson,T., L0
Lincoln, R. T., 1
ck 2
Steinbe
Thurber 4
Twain 23
Varah L
coins
Cromwell 5
collaboration
Gilbert,W. S., 3
Porson5
Rodgers1

OF SUBJECTS

collections
Guitry, S., 2
colonials
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 5
color blindness
Dalton L
colors
Turner 2-3, 5
comedians.Seealso humorists
Abbott 1
Abernethy5
Benny3
Burns 1.
Carson2
Chaplin 1
Durante L
Frisco L'W.,
1
Rogers,
Ustinov 2
tU7hitelaw1
comedy.Seealso humor
Chaplin3
Gwenn 1
comets
Mazarin 2
Twain 23
comfort
Hepburn2
'S(/'.,
Holmes,O.
Jr.r4
Maria Theresa1.
Suvorov1
communication
Ruskin3
communism
Elisabeth(Belgium)L
Galbraith 1
Hutchins 4
Noyes 1
Steffens1
Communists
Clemenceau6
compassion
Abernethy4
Aidan 1
Bader 1
Mencken4
NapoleonI 10
Philip,J. W., I
compensation
Gluck 1
Nelson 2
competitiveness
Butler,R. A., 1.
complaints
Heifetz 4
compliments
Abernethy6
Brahms8

712

INDEX OF SUBIECTS

compliments(continued)
Braithw aite 2
Bull 1
Chase,S. P., 1
Choate 1
Churchill,W., 12
Denis2
Dumaspire I
Durante5
Fiske1
FranklinL, 11
Gielgud1
Guinness1
Haydn 4
Heifetz 2
Hofmann I
HolmeS,J., 3
Jefferson,T., 3
Kennedy,J. F., 15
Lincoln,A., 2l
Nijinsky 2
O'Hara 2
Pater L
Rossini2-3, 6
Siddons2
Speaight1
Thorpe 1
Thurber 5
Victoria 4
r$filde15
\U7oollc
ott 7
composers.Seealso conductors; musicians;singers
Auber 1
Antheil 1.
Beethoven2-3
Borodin 1
Brahms11
Brilow 3
Cherubini1,3
Cowell 1
Duke 1
Gershwin,G., 5, 7
Gilbert,\U(/.S., l, 5-6
Hammerstein2
Handel2, 4
Haydn 1
Jullien2
Kelly,M., 1
Liszt 1
Mahler 1
Meyerbeer1-3
Mozart 3
OffenbachL
PayneL
Rodgers2
Rossinil-2, 4,9
Ruggles1
1
Saint-Sadns

Satie1
StraussL
Stravinsky2, 5-5, 8, 10, t2
Verdi 1,-2
Walton 1
compromise
Alvanley2
Russell,Bill, 1
comradeship
Washington4
conceit. Seealso selfimportance
Adams,F. P., 3
Alcibiades1
AntisthenesL
Asquith,M., 3
Astor, N., 4
Atlas 1
Bakst 1
Callas2
Carnegie2
CharlesI 1
Chateaubriand2
Churchill,W., 5
Clurman L
Coolidge25
Disraeli13
DreiserL
Dulles1
Gabor 4
Gershwin,G., \, 5
Greville 1
GuinesL
Gulbenkian2
Isabey1
James,H., I
Jarry 1
Johnson,S., L5
Joyce,James,2
Kaufman 19
Kittredge 1
Kneller 1
Lunt 1
Marx, G.r 6
Mazarin 1
Mugnier 4
Noailles1
Pachmann1
Pompadour2
Sheridan,R. 8., 16
Spurgeon2
Stein4
Tree 8
Whistler 8-12, 14-1.5
Vilde 10-11
\Tilding 1
concentration
Lloyd, C. E., L
concerts.Seealso audiences;

composers;conductors;
musicians;rehearsals
Albert, Prince,I
Antheil L
GeorgeVI 1
Grant,U. S., 11
Heath 1
Levant2, 5, 7
Pachmann1-3
Parker,H. T., 1.
Rodzinski1
Rubinstein,Arthur, 2
Shaw,G. 8., L0
Stokowski1
Stravinsky2
tU7ellington8
Vieniawski 1
condescension
Alcibiades1
AngoulmeL
TecumsehI
conductors.Seealso composers;musicians;rehearsals;
singers
Barbirolli 2
Beecham,Sir T., 3-4, 5-7,
10-14, 16
Boult 1
Busch1
Casals1
Furrwdngler1
Hess1
Hindemith 1,
Klempererl-2
Koussevitsky
2
Levant3
Lully 1
MassenetL
Mehta 1
Monteux l-Z
Previn2
Richter l-z
Rodzinski1
Rossini7
1
Saint-Sadns
M., 2
Sargent,
Stokowski2
Toscanini1-3, 5-10
\U7alter1
ConeyIsland
Gorki I
confessions
PeterI L
TeresaI
confidence
Einstein2
FitzsimmonsL
Goldwyn7
Louis,J., 5

713
Rutherford 1
Turner 5
congratulations
Alma-TademaL
Cantor 2
Congress
Cleveland,G., L
conquest
Napier L
Patton 2
conscience
Talleyrand 7
Thoreau7
conscientiousobjectors
Strachey2
consolation
Barbirolli 1
de Gaulle5
conspiracy
AlexanderI L
Fawkes1
constituents
Clay, H.r 7
constitutions
Talleyrand 4
contests
Dryden 3
Einstein18
Greene1.
contracts
Sheen2
conversation
Abernethy5
Aubernon L
Berners4
Browni.g, R., 2
Euler L
FrancisJoseph1
Heine 1
HerschelL 'S(/'.,
Holmes,O.
Jr., 8
Jarry |
Lewis,C. S., 1
Locke L
Macaulay3
Maintenon 2
Marx, H., 1
NapoleonI 8
Necker L
Roosevelt,F. D.r 7
2
Schopenhauer
Smith,F. E., L
Whistler 14
Wodehouse2
cooking
Alfred 1
du Barry I
Hitchcock 5
cooks/chefs

rNDEX

Hayes,H., 3
Hayworth 1
Homer'W.D., L
Landor L
Moore, G. H.r 2
Riley 1
Vatel 1
copyright
Burke 1
corpses
Rogers,S., 3
corruption. Seealso graft
Clive 2
Nast L
cosmetics
Rigaud 1
costumes
Astaire3
Coward 3
Mature 3
coughing
Curran 4
courage
Arria 1
Bruno L
Byng L
ChristianX L
Churchill,W., L4
Clemenceau7
Cranmer 1.
Foch 2
FrederickII 5
Galois L
Gunther 3
Jacksor,T. J., 3
Jones,J. P., 1
Kennedyrl. F., 1
MacArthur, D., 1
Moore, T., 3
Pyle 1
Roland 1
courtesy.Seealso manners
Harriman 2
Hay 1
Jefferson,T., 8
Lincoln,A., 35
Twain L3
courtship
Beecham,Sir T., 1
Burton, Sir R., 1
Gibbon 2
Grant, [.J.S., L
Jefferson,T., 2
Lenya L
Lewes2
Lewis,S., L-2
Raleigh2
Victoria 5
Webster,D., 5

OF SUBJECTS

cowardice
Clemenceau
4
Foch 2
Jackson,T., J., 3
cowboys
Roosevelt,T., 1.
Creation,the
Alfonso X 1
Beecher4
Knox, R., 4
creativity,nature of
Balzac 6
Dali 5
Ford, H., 3
creditors
Liliencron2
Lincoln,A., 4
tU7oollcott2
credits
Jullien2
LedererL
Tracy 2
cricket
Constantine,L. N., L
GraceI-4
Hobbs L
Johnstor,B., I-2
Larwood L
crime.Seealso specificcrimes
Hylan L
Nixon 9
Solon2
criminals.Seealso murderers;
thieves
Chekhov2
CondorcetL
Jackson,A.r 2
Kernble,J. P., 2
rurild 1
criticism/critics,art
Apelles2
Beckford2
Davy 3
Evans,E.r 4
Fry 1
Fuseli2
Kneller 2
Leighton 1
RaphaelL
Rossetti3
Ruskin 2
Sargent,J. S., 2-3
Taylor L
rUThistle
r 16
criticism/critics,drama
Alexander,G. C., 1
Archer 1.
Bankhead3, 11
Behan3

INDEX

71,4

OF SUBJECTS

criticism, drama (continued)

Bernhardt 1,2
Blumenthal 1
Broun 1.
Coward 7
Field, 8., 1
Fonda 2
'W.
S., 9
Gilbert,
2
Gosse
Molndr "l'2
Sandburg 1
Shaw, G. B., 4
Victoria 2
tilTilde 5
Zangwill 1
criticism/critics, literary
Arnold 3
Bahr 1.
Boileau 2
Bridger 2
Brownitrg, R., 1,
Eliot, T. S., 2, 4
Emerson 5
Frost 3
'V(/'.
S., 2
Gilbert,
Goldwyn 5
Herford 5
Holmes, O. W., Jt., 3
Jerrold 1
Johnson, S., 20
Maugham L
Mommsen L
Pope, Alexander, I
Porson 4
Rivarol 1-2
'V7.,
1'
Russell, G.
Tennyson 3
Voltaire 5, 7
Wilde 9
Woollcott 5
criticism/critics, movie
Hepburn I
Mankiewtcz I
Marx, G., 9
Mature l-2
Thurber 7
criticism/critics, music
Btilow 4
Cherubini 1, 3
Enesco 1
Fitzgerald, 8., 1.
Heath 1
Klemperer 3
Liberace L
Martinelli 2
Meyerbeer 1.
Monteux 2
Rachmaninoff 1
Reger 2

Rosenthal 1
Rossini 9
Saint-Sadns1.
Satie 2
S h a w ,G . 8 . , 3 , 1 0
Stravinsky 11
Truman 2
Wellington 9
criticism, political
Acheson 2
critics
B r o o k s ,M . , 2
cross-dressing
Sharp 1
crossword puzzles
Knox, R., 5
crowds
Barnum 1
Berra 2
cures
Charles lI 2
Cuvier 2
Galen 1
Gershwin, G.r 2
'Sf.,
HolmeS, O.
Sr.r 2
Menelik II 2
Pembroke 1
'Vfaterton
1
Yeats 2
curfews
Belinsky 1
Maxwell 1
curses
Ferdinand IV 1
cursing. See swearing
customs officials
Slezak 2
rU7ilde2
cynicism
Allen, F., I
dancers. Seealso ballet;
choreographers
Arnould 1
Astaire 1, 3
Coward 3
Fonteyn l-2
Karsavina I
Tamaris I
Taylor, P., 1
dancing
Belinsky 1
Sandwich 2
Darwinism
Disraeli 11
Huxley, T., 1,
daydreams
Eliot, T. S., 7
D-Dav

Taylor, M., 1
deadlines
Parker, D., I
deafness
Bell, A. G., 2
Chateaubriand 2
Churchill, nf., 49
Harris, 1., 2
'Sf.,
Sr., 6
Holmes, O.
McCoy 2
Napoleon I 8
Victori a 13
death. Seealso deathbeds;
dying; last words
A d a m s ,J . , 2
Addison 4
Aeschylus 1
Anaxagoras L
Auber 4
Bennett, A.r 2
Caesar 8
Chatterton 1
Cohan 4
Coolidge 27
Disraeli75
Donne 2
Duncan 1
Empedocles I
Evans, A., 1,
Ferdinand IV 1
Fontenelle 5
Frohman 1
Gilbert, W. S., 1
Goethe 4
Green, J. H., 1,
Greene 2
Gwenn I
James,H., 3
Labouchere 6
LiBol
Lincoln,A., 37
Louis XIV 10
McCormick 1
Mayer 3
Mencken 3
Montmorency 1.
P a r k e r ,D . , 2 1
Philip III 1
Rizzuto 1
Russell, Bertrand, 5
Saroyan 1.
Schwarzenberg3
Selwyn 1
Sobhuza II 1
Stevens3
Sumner 1"
Thales 5
Thomas, D., 2-3
Twain 14

715
rU7ilde17
tUfilkes5
death announcements
NapoleonI 14
deathbeds.Seealso death;
dying; last words
Butler,S., 5
Carolineof Ansbach2
debates
Huxley, T. H., I
Nixon 3
debts.Seealso bills; creditors;
loans
Addison 3
Augustus5
BeanL
Bing 8
Briand 1
Coolidge18
Fox, C. J., 1
GleasonL
Halbe 1
Hayworth 2
Herford L
James,J., 1
Liliencron2
Marx, C., 3
Orsay 1
Rabelais1
Scott 5
Sheridar,R. B., 5-8
Steele1
deception
Columbus1
1
Crockford
'W.,
2
Eliot, C.
Shi Huangdi 1
Declarationof Independence
Franklin 2-3
Hancock 1
Harrisor, B. ("Signer"),1
d6colletage.Seealso breasts
Arnould 3
Charles,Prince,L
Depew 2
Doherty 1
John XXIII 1
decorating
Edward VII 8
dedications
Armstrong,L.r 2
Fitzgerald,F. S., 2
Mascagni2
Scarron1
defeat
Baugh 1
Buller 1
FrancisII 1
NapoleonI 12

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

Pitt 3
Stevenson,
'S(/. A. E., 4
Taft,
H., 2
tU7ellington
10
defensiveness
O'Hara 2
delicacy
Connelly2
Palmerston2
Ross1, 10
delusionof grandeur
Churchill,W., 24
delusions
GeorgelV 7-2
democracy
Franklin 13
Jeffersor,T., 5, 7
Lycurgus L
demonstrations
Reagan1
desertion
FrederickII 5
NapoleonI 12
detectives
Hammett t-z
determination.Seealso
singlemindedness
Archimedes3
Arne L
Avery 1.
Flaherty 1
Perot L
P6tain1
Robert I 1
Truth 1
diagnoses.Seealso cures;
doctors
Abernethy3, 5
B e l l ,J . , 2
Brahms9
Christie, 4., 2
Fordyce 1
Green,J. H., 1
Hartleben1
MacMahon 1
Morse 2
Pope,Alexander,4
diamonds
Baker,J., I
Greville 1
Taylor, E., 1
diaries
Goldwyn 14
Kaufman 20
dictators
Stalin1
dictionaries
Twain 15
dieting

Roosevelt,F. D., 3
dining habits
Crockett 1
dinners
Barrie 8
Byron 2
Clive 1
Coolidge22
Foster 1
Hitchcock 1
Necker 1
Orsay 2
Paderewski4
Petronius1
Pliny 1
Porson5
Rossini5
Sarasate1
Susann3
TraversL
Trench 1
Trollope,A.r 2
diplomats/diplomacy
Adee 1
Austin,'W.R., l-2
Bismarck4
Bryan'1.
Carol II 1
CastroI-2
Churchill,W., 33
de Gaulle 8
ElizabethII 5
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 5
Elliot 1
Fletcher1
Franklin 10
Franks 1
Garner 1.
George-Brown1
Harriman 2
Humes L
Keppel 1
Labouchere2
Laird 1
Lincoln,A., t6
Roosevelt,F. D., 6-7
L
Schwarzenberg
Thorndike 3
directors.Seemovie directors
and producers
dirtiness
\U7ebster,
D., 3
tU7histler
13
disablement
Nelson l-2
disappointment
Cocteau2
Lincoln,A., 10

INDEX

716

OF SUBJECTS

disciples
Diogenes 5
Eddy 1
Jefferson, T ., 9
discoveries.Seealso inventions;
scientists
Archimedes 1
Cuvier 2
Fermi 2
Fleming, A., t
Galvani 1
'W.,
Sr., 4
Holmes, O.
Kekul6 von Stradonitz I
Newton 1, 4,9
Salk 1
discretion
Baldwin 2
Lawrence, T. E.r 2
Morgan, J. P., Jr., 2
Seward 2
Shaftesbury 1
diseases.Seeillness; specific
illnesses
disguises
Alfred 1
Edward VIII 1
'Wheatcroft
1
dismissals
Greeley 5
disrespectfulness
Cyrus II 1
divorce
Eleanor of Aquitaine 1
Luce, C. 8., 1
Thorndike 2
doctors. Seealso cures,
diagnoses
Abernethy 1, 3-6
Adenauer 3
Alexander III 5
Asquith, M., 4
Bankhead 6
Bell, J., I-2
Benchley 4
Bland-sutton L
Brahms 9
Farquhar I
Fordyce 1
Frederick II 1 1
Galen 1
Garth 1
Gibbon 2
Gordon, R., I
Grace 4
Grant, U. S., 14
Green, J. H., I
Hartleben 1,
Hepburn I
Holmes,O.'W., Sr., 1

Lister 1
Mayo 1
Milliken 1
Morse 2
Napoleon, E., 2
Otto 1
Schick 1
Sills 1
Tennyson 8
Trudeau, E. L., 1,
Virchow 3
dogs
Campbell, Mrs. P., 4
Churchill, If., 42
Coward 10
Green, H.r 2
Nash I
Newton 2
Nixon 1
Don Quixote
Cervantes Saavedra 1"
donations
Greeley 7
Hutchins 2, 5
Morgan 8
Untermeyer 1
double entendre
Grenfell 1
double standards
Nixon 9
dowries
Scarron 2
dramatists. See playwrights
drawing
Fry 2
O'Toole 1
dreams
Archer 1
Coleridge 2
Constantine L
Howe, E., I
Johnson, W., 1
Kekule von Stradon itz I
Lincoln,A., 3I,37
Russell, Bertrand, 3
dress
Clemenceau g
Marx, G., 5
Poe L
drinking. Seealso drunkenness;
liquor
Bankhead 2
Barrymore, J., 1
Benchley 7
Corbet 1
Fields 3-4
Frederick Augustus I 1
George IV 1
George VI 3

Grant,U. S.,5, L4
Hemingway8
Johnson,5.,24
Langrishe1
Lardner 1-2
Lincoln,A., 1,I
Magruder 1
Marquis 1
Marshall,-1.,1
Parker,D., 2'1,
Porson3
R. B., 1,7
Sheridan,
Stravinsky4
Tennyson 2
rUfhistler7
drivers
AlvanleyL-2
H u x l e y ,T . H . , 2
driving
Dayan 1.
drought
Eshkol 1
drowning
Korda 3
Shelley
, P. 8., 2
Sickert2
drug addiction
Bankhead 1
drunkenness.
Seealso drinking;
liquor
Addison2
Alexander,G. C., L
Alrna-Tadema1
Benchley5
B o o t h I, . 8 . , 4
Chamberlain,
A.,2
Churchill,W., 38
Cooper,W., 1,
DionysiusII 1
Fergusson1
Fields2
Fordyce1
Fosdick1
George-Brown1
MacArthur, C., 1
Mankiewicz 2
Pembroke1
Philip II 1
Sullivan,A. S., 1,
Thomas,D., I
Verlaine1
\Talpol,R., 1
Ylard 2
duels
Abercrombie1
Alvanley1
I
Beaumarchais
Clay, C. M., 1
Clemenceau
34

717
Courteline1
Dumaspdre 6
Fox, C. J.r 2
Howarth L
Jacksoo,A., I, 6
Mirabeau L
Putnam 1
1
Sainte-Beuve
Scholl2
Shelburne1
Virchow 1
duty
Victoria L
rU7illiamIl 2
dying. Seealso death; deathbeds;last words
Allen, E.r 4
Cannon t
Croll 1
Cuvier2
Franco L
Franklin 15
FrederickII 11
Frederick\(rilliam | 2-3
Gainsborough2
Galois 1
Goethe3
Guitry, S., 3
Keats2
Palmerston4
Pope,Alexander,4
Rabelais2
Rachmantnoff 2
eafthquakes
Barrymore,J., I
CarusoL
Hideyoshi1
eavesdropping
Baruch 1"
BeaumontL
eccentricity/eccentrics
Bankhead5
Banks1
Beckford1
Sir T., 2
Beecham,
Bennett,J. G., 5
Booth,J. 8., 3
Buckland1
Byron 2
'1-,-3,
6
Dali
Dudley 1
Horowitz 2
Mytton 1
Nerval I
RossettiL
1
Schopenhauer
1
Selwyn
'Waterton
1

rNDEX

Wilde 12
eclipses
Columbus3
PericlesL
ThalesL
economists
Keynes2
Truman 4
economizing
Churchill,R. F. E. S., 4
Tree 7
economy
Eshkol 1"
KennedyrJ.F.rTr9
editing/editors
Allen, F., 4'$(/.,
30
Churchill,
Dickens4
Dodge L
Eliot, T. S., 8
Franklin 2
Glyn L
Goethe5
Hemingway3,7
Johnson,S., 7
O'Neill 1
Ross7, Ll, t3
education
Cohen 1
Eliot, C., 1
Franklin 7
Fuller,M.'W., 1.
HensonL
Hutchins 4
Plato 1
Rachel3
efficiency
Alexander,H., 1
Ford, H., 6
egalitarianism
Emerson8
Pliny 1
TennysonL
ego.Seeconceit;selfimportance
Eiffel Tower
Morris, V., 1
elections
Addams1
Abernethy2
Baldwin 3
Baylor 1
Belloc1
Buckley1
Churchill,W., 23
Copp6e1
Dewey,F., 1
Fox, C. J., 5-5
Fuseli1

OF SUBJECTS

Gallup 1
I
Harrisoo,B. (President),
Kennedy,
J. F., 2, 5-6
Landers2
Lincoln, A., 9-1,0
Long 1
MenziesL
Sherman3
A. E., 4-5
Stevenson,
Taft,'W. H., 2
Thomas,N., lr 3-4
Van Buren 1
\filkes, J., I
elephants
Barnum2
embarrassment
Channing1
Coolidgell
Elizabeth| 2
Eugdnie2
OnassisL
Twain 11
embezzlement
Johnson,S., 7
emblems
Edward I 1
Edward III 1
emergencies
Capa 1
Skelton,R., 1
emigration
Rhodes2
employees
5
Clemenceau
Eug6nie2
Goldwyn 16
Greeley5
Northcliffe 1
Roosevelt,T., L
employers
Augustus4
Cobb 1
Gould 1
employment.Seealso careers
AchesonL
Agassiz1
Arlen 1
Ellenborough2
Faulkner "1"-2
Ford,H., 3
Philip, Prince,2-3
Twain 1
endorsements
Kennedy,J. F., 5
Rogers,W., 3
enemies
Bevin3
Carolineof Brunswick4
Castracani1

71,8

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

enemies(continued)
Clay, H.r 2
FrederickII, 7, 9
Goldwyn 20
Hume 5
Johnsoh,L. 8., 4
Jones,J. P., 2
KhrushchevL
Lamb, Charles,5
Lincoln,A., 33
Lonsdale1
Louis XIV 3
Lowell, Amy, 2
NapoleonI 9-10
Narv6ez1
Perry 1
engagements
Gabor 5
engineering
Archimedes2
Steinmetz 2
Englishlanguage
Nasser1
Richter 3
English,the
Beecher3
Johnson,S.,2
Palmerston3
Schopenhauer
2
Voltaire 4
entertainment
Petronius1
entrepreneurs
Bernhardt11
Thales2
Thoreau5
envy.Seeiealousy
epitaphs
Benchley3
Boulanger,G., 1,
Carson2
Johnson,S.,23
Jonson2
Kaufman 23
Keats3
Lamb, Charles,1
Mencken4
Parker,D., 15
Parr 1.
Riley 1
Sargent,J. S., 2
equaiiry
Angoulme1
Bernard8
Diogenes5
escapes
Cetewayo1
Gogarty 2
Houdini 2

esprit de corps
Palmerston2
esteem
Paderewski5
etiquette.Seemanners
Eton
Poole 1
eunuchs
Behan3
euphemism
Ashe 1
Churchill,W., 28
ElizabethII 5
Ross1
Evanston,Illinois
Willard 1
Eve
John XXIII 1
Smith,S., 9
evolution
Huxley, T., 1,
Mizner, W., 8
exaggeration
Cagliostro1
Lincoln,A., 22
examinations
James,V., 2
OppenheimerL
Phelps1
Whistler 2
tU7ilde1
exclusivity
Smith,F. 8., 7
excuses
BarhamL
Barrymore,J., 6
Dahn 1
Edward VII 1
Gielgud4
La Fontaine1
Louis XV 1
Marx, C., 1,
Richardson1
Sheridan,R. B.r 2
execution. Seealso assassination; murder
Bailly 1
Blackwell1
Boleyn 1
Bradford 1
'S(/'.,
Brodie,
1,
Bruno 1
Byng 1
Cavell1
Corday 1
Cromwell 4
Danton 1
Digby 1
FavrasL

FrederickII 1
FredericktU7illiamI 1
Harrison,B. ("Signer"),1
Henry VIII 1
John,A., 1
Latimer lLauzun L
Louis XVI 3
Marie Antoinette4
M"ry, Queenof Scots,I
Milton 2
More, T., 3
Muraviev L
NapoleonI 5
NicholasI L
Quin 1
Raleigh7-8
Roland 1
Schwarzenberg
2
Selwyn2
Servetus1
exercise
l-2
Jusserand
exhaustion
Spaak1
exhibitionism
Kaufman 9
exile
CharlesX 2
existentialisrn
S7ilder5
expediency
Chwolson1
expense accounts
Fowler 2
experience
Johnson,5., 22
\X/ellington 4
experiments
Avery 1
Bacon 5
Bell, J., I
Edison, T., 3
Hevesy 1
Ruskin 1
experts
Rowland 1
explorers
Charles V 2
Columbus 1-2
David 1
Eric the Red 1
Hillary 1
Lloyd George 5
Mallory 1
Oates I
Park I
Peary 1
Smith, S., 3

719
Stanley1
Thomsoo,J., 1,
Wilde 3
extortion
ThemistoclesL
extraterrestriallife
Knox, R., 4
Szilard1
extravagance
Beecham,Sir T., 2
Bennett,J. G., 3-5
Churchill,R. F. E. S., 4
eyeglasses
DavenantL
Ibsen2
Lenya L
eyesight
Dayan L

fact
Twain 3
failure
Alexander,G., 1
Churchill,R. F. E. S., 1
Thomas,N., 34
fairness
Lombardi2
faith
France1
faith healing
Thurber 3
fame
Alcott, L. M., L
Anders 1
Arlen 2
Auden 4
Balzac 4
Bankhead 9
Brahms7
Bridges1
Caine 1
Copland L
Crawford 1
Curie L
Davy L
Disney 1
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 8
Fairbanks1
Faulkner 5
Holmes,J., 1
Holmes,O. V., Sr., 7
John XXIII 2
Kreisler3
Macauley 6
Miller 1
NapoleonI 5
Oldfield 1

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

Peck 1
Robinson,E. A., 1
SchonbergL
Thomson,Robert, L
familiarity 'Sf.,
Churchill,
18
families
Edison,C., 1
L6vis L
Thales4
famine
Lafayette 1
fans. Seeadmirers
fantasies
D'Annunzio 2
FraguierL
Thorndike 1
farewells
RepplierL
RossL2
Thurlow 4
\U7ylie1
farming
Borge4
fashion/fashiondesigners
Asquith,M., 3
BalmainL
Brummell 7
Chanel 3-4
de Wolfe 1
Dietrich 2
Hartnell L
Lee,G. R., L
Napoleon| 2
fastidiousness
Chopin 2
fasting
ErasmusL
fatalism
Caesar3
fate
Bradford 1
Singer2
fathers. Seealso children;
parents
Carter 3
Cyrus II 1
Frederick\Tilliam I L
Giotto 3
Kennedy,
J. F., 16-17
Longworth 1
Macmillan 2
Scott4
Truman 2
faux pas
Austin,'W.R., L
Coolidge11
Grant,U. S., L3
Jeffersoo,J., 1

Previn 2-3
ReadingL
Reagan5
Roosevelt,F. D., 5
favors
Halifax, C. M., 1
Lincoln,A., 7, 20.-30
Nagurski 1
Vespasian1
fear
Boileau3
Clay,C. M., L
ClemenceauLL
Foch 2
Khrushchev5
Mountbatten 1,
Napoleon,E., L
fees.Seealso salaries
Benny2
Bing 9
Freud3
Holmes,O. W., Sr.,5
Hundley 3
Kemble,F., 1
Kreisler2
Mencken L
Nilsson 2-3
Paderewski4
SchnabelL
Shaw,G. B., 14
Spenser1.
Steinmetz2
Stravinsky7
Sfard L
\Thistler 4
rU7orsley
1
feminism
Astor, N., 2
Fonteyn1
Mahaffy 2
Montague L
Roosevelt,F. D.r 2
Stael5
fiction/fictional characters
Balzac 7
CervantesSaavedra1
Dickens2
Ouida 1
Trollop A., 2-3
fights.Seealso duels
Cohn 4
Henry, C., 1
McCoy L
Mizner, W., 5
film. Seemovie directors and
producers;movies
fines
Hundley 1
Lincoln,A., 5

INDEX

720

OF SUBJECTS

fingerprints
ShawG
, .8.r 26
fires
Benton 1.
Bernard13
Bud6 1
CocteauL
Flaherty1
Nero 2
Newton 2
Sheridan,R. B., 15
fireworks
CushmanL
Richardson2
fishing
Coolidge"1,6
Twain 19
flattery
Alexander | 2
Allen, F., 3
Armstroog,L., 3
Augustus3
Bacon3
Caligula2
Chase,S. P., 1,
Clay, H.r 4
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother L
Gilot 1
Holmes,O. W.oSr., 5
Parr L-2
Sharif 1
Tree 3
flirtation
Alexander | 2
Bismarck4
Byron 3
de Gaulle10
Depew 2
Elliston 1
Fontenelle4
Fowler L
Johnsor,S., 15
Sargent,
J. S.,5
flops
Kaufman 7-8
Lamb, Charles,5
flowers
de la Mare 1
Meurisse1
Shaw,G. B., L5
flutes
Cherubini4
flying
ClemenceauLL
CorriganL
rU7rightBrothers L
food
Barrie8-9

Berra 5
Brahms9
Bucklandl-2
Burns2
Byron 2
Carter 2
Disraeli14
Dooley 1
EdwardVII 5
Field8
, .,2
Garland2
Grant,U. S.,4
Handel 1
Hayakawa1
Hevesy1
Hitchcock 1, 5
Johnson,N., 2
Lee,R. E., 4
Lewis,J. 8., 1
Milnes I
MontecuccoliI
Moore, G. A.r 2
Previn3
Rhodes2
Roosevelt,
F. D., 4
Schumann-Heink
1
Scott2
Smith,S., 5
Susann3
Thackeray1
Turner 2"
\U7elles
t
football
Baugh1
Gipp I
Grange1,-2
Lombardi 1
Maxwell 2-3
Nagurski 1-3
Namath 1
Stuhldreher1
Thorpe 2
Unitas
1
'S7hite,
A. D., I
forgery
Picasso8
'Sf.,
Mizner,
13
forgetfulness.Seealso
absentmindedness
Beecham,
Sir T., 9
CharlesII 3
Disraeli10
Drew L
Emerson10
Gilbert,J., 1
Matthews L-2
Monroe 2
Repplier1
forgiveness

Cavell 1
Frederick tU7illtam| 2
Luther 1
Marie de M6dicis L
formality
Bismarck 5
fortitude
Napoleon, E., 2
Roosevelt, T., 5
fossils
Albert 2
Fourteen Points
Clemenceau 8
France
Aumale 3-4
Caen 1
de Gaulle 9
frauds
Ingyo 1
Johnson, S., 20
Kahn 1
Mizner, W., 13
Taylor, John, 1
free will
Singer 2
freedom
Aym6 1
Confucius L
Jefferson,T., 7
French, the
Foch 5
Gabin 1
Johnson, S., 2
Palmerston 3
Voltaire 4
French Resistance
B a k e r ,J . , 2
Boswell 1
friendship
Addison 3
Boswell 1
Byron 1
Castracani I
Cimon 1
Cohan 4
Colerid ge 5
de Gaulle 5
Frith 1
Goldwyn 20
Heine 4
Julia 3
Korda 1
Levant L
Lincoln, A., 33
Lyndhurst L
North 4
Ruskin 2
frivoliry
Cunard L

721
frugality
Boult 1
Socrates1
funerals. Seealso burials
Allen, E., 3
Andersen3
Asquith,M., 3
Auber 4
Barrie 2
Barrymore,M., 317
Black 1
Chesterfield5
Cohn L
Degas3
Holland L
Holmes,O. W., Sr., 8
Houdini 2
Ikku 1
Mayer 5
Norbury 2
Parker,D., L5
Thomas,D., 3
Voltaire 9
furniture
Baldwin 2
Benchley1
Mizner,'W.,13
gallantry
Acheson3
Chesterton5
Edward III 1
Franklin L
Herford 3
Jarry 2
Maugham 3
RaleighL
Tracy 2
tU7oollcott7
gambling
Bernard4
Campbell,T., 3
Crockford L
Fox, C. I., 4
Hyde-White 1
Korda 2
2
Mencken
'W.,
LL
Mizner,
games.Seealso card gamesand
other specificgames
Churchill,R. H. S., 2
NapoleonI 1
SpencerL
gangsters
CaponeL
gardening
Emerson2
Russell,Bertrand, 7
gardens

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

Beerbohm5
Coleridge 4
genealogists
Smith,S.r7
GeneralMotors
Vilson, C. E., 1,
generosity
AlexanderIII 3
Bernard10
Brahms1
Bright 1
Corot L
Ford, H., 5
Gandhi,M., 5
Hume 3
Ibn Saud2
Lafayette 1
Nelson5
Noyes 1
genius
Apelles1
AquinasL
Bernstein,H., 1,
Gershwin,G., 4
Hugo 2
Mansart 1
PaderewskiL
Sarasate2
StaelL
Ifhistler 8
\filde 2
gentlemen
Eden,A., 1
Germans
AdenauerL
Albert 2
Dliazet 1
ghost stories
Shelley,M., 1
ghosts
du Def fand 2
gifts
Albermarle1
Armour 1
Arnould 3
Baker,J., I
Caesar5
Camerofl,J. M., 1
Carroll, L., 1,
Clemenceau1Coolidge17
Corot L
Courtneidge1
Dali 3
FranksL
Gray 1
Humes L
Ibn Saud'W.,
2
I
Johnson,

Lamb, Caroline,I
Lawrence,T. E., 1
Mastroianni1,
MeurisseL
Park 1
Patti 1,
Perot L
Rachel4-5
1Reisenauer
Rockefeller,
J. D., Sr., 1
3
Shakespeare
Shaw,G. 8., 2L
SilversL
Smith,S., 10
Toscanini4
Vanderbilt,A., 1
gluttony
PrnzaL
Ruth 2
Schumann-Heink1
Tetrazzini 1
goads
Gosse4
God. Seealso clergy;
religion
Bolt 1
Haldan,J. B. S., I
Howe, J. W., 1
John III SobieskiL
Ker L
Owen L
Rubinstein,Arthur, 3
Sellers3
Stravinsky1"1
Thoreau7
tU7alnL
godfathers
Jullien 1
\Toollcott 8
gods
AlexanderIII 1
gold
Kirchhoff 1
golf
Ali 3
AscheL
Bolt 1
L
Castlerosse
Eisenhower4
Ford,G., 1
Grant,U. S., 12
Marquis 2
Mayer 4
SarazenL
Snead1
golfers
Nicklaus L
Gordian knot
AlexanderIII 4

INDEX

722

OF SUBJECTS

gossip
Powell 1
gourmets
L
Brillat-Savarin
Rossini5
governesses
Brontd 1
government
Cromwell 2
Franklin4
Gandhi,I.,2
Giolitti I
Quesnay1
Talleyrand15
graduations
Dyson L
graft. Seealso corruption
Curley 1
Nixon 1
Trudeau,P. E., I
grammar
Austin, A., 1,
BouhoursL
Churchill,I7., 30
Dean3
Greeley4
Malherbe1
Tooke 1
Grand Canyon
Foch 4
grandeur
Bacon3
Balsan1
Laughton2
Morgatr,J. P., Sr.,3
Williams 4
grants
Hutchins 5
grarirude
Augustus2
Berra4
Emerson7
Gray 1
Lincoln,A., 35
Maugham4
graves.Seeburial
greed
Ade 1
AlbemarleL
Armour L
DariusI 2
Fontenelle2
Freud3
Patti 1
Rachel4-5
Raleigh5
RichardI 2
Schwartz,M., 1
Trollope, A., 2

VespasianL
Victor AmadeusII 1
Greenland
Eric the Red 1
greetings
Hemingway9
Lillie 8
Marx, G., L4
StanleyL
WodehouseL
grief. Seealso bereavement
Cohan4
Rossetti2
Thales4
growing up
Allen,F., I
grudges
Barton 1
guarantees
\(/ilson, W., 1,
guards
Curante3
guests
Andersen 2
Arnold 1
Bembo1
Bernard1r 9
Bismarck7
Brodie,B., I
Brummell4
Byron 2
Chamberlain,
Austen,2
Chopin 1
Churchill,W., 40
Disraeli 1,4
Edison,T., 8
Edman3
EdwardVII 8
Einstein5
Fleming,I., 1,
Foster1
FrancisJoseph1
Gleason1
Golden1
Herford 2
Hitchcock 1, 4
Holmes,O. W., Sr.,3
Home,'W'.D., 1
Hook 3
Huxley,A., 4
Jackson,T. 1., 5
Kreisler2
Levant5
Maeterlinck1
Mankiewicz2
Maugham 2
Previn3
Rogers,W., I
Sheridan,
R. B., I

Sickert1
Strachey1
Susann3
Trench 2
tilTaugh5
habit
Hilbert 1
halitosis
Gelon 1
Woollcott 5
Halley'sComet
Twain 23
handicaps
BernhardtL1
hands
Rachmaninoff 2
handwriting
Courteline1
Greeley5-5
Macready I
hanging
Fleetwood1
happiness
Russell,Bertrand, 7
harems
North I
Harvard
Eliot, C.'W., 1,-2
hats
Brodie,B., 1
Lee,G. R., I
Nuffield 1
Victoria 17
rVells 1
tilTilde15
headmasters
Taft, H. D., 1,
health
Adams,J. Q., 2
Sigismund1
heart attacks
Montgomery,B. L., 4
heat
Smith,S.,5
heaven
Andrew 1
Cocteau5
EdwardVII 5
Sedgwick,C., I
hecklers
Addison1
Alexander,George,1
Astor,N., 3
Beecher1
Buddha2
Clay,H., 6
Disraeli2
Khrushchev5

723
Lamb, Charles,9
Lloyd George1
Macaulay5
Menzies1
Shaw,G. B., 4
Smith,A.8., 2
Stein L
Stravinsky1
\Ufilson,Harold, 1
hedonism
LeoXl
height
Banie 2
Benchley13
Busby2
Hofmann 1.
Jarry 3
Kurland L
Lincoln,A., t2
Lloyd George4
Napoleon| 7
Rodgers1
hell
Andrew 1
Cocteau5
Greeley7
Labouchere5
Lloyd George1
Luther 2
Mugnier 1
helpfulness
EmersonL
helplessness
Losch 1
hemorrhoids
Tennyson8
heredity
Shaw,G. B., 9
rU7histler8
heresy
ServetusL
heroism
AlenEon1 'W.,
14
Churchill,
Clark, G. R., L
Gandhi,M., 4
Oates 1
hiccups
Mytton 1
hints
, Haydn 2
hippopotamus
Darwin, C., 3
Hiroshima
Koestler3
historians
Mommsen L
historical figures
Edison,T., 5

INDEX

history
'W.,
Churchill,
10,34
Ford, H.r Z
Michelet 1
Truman 1
hoaxes
Hill, J., 1
Hook 2
hobbies
GeorgeV 2
holidays
Charles,Prince,2
Hollywood
Coote 1
homes.Seehousing
hometowns
Sedgwick,C. M., 1
tU7illard1
homosexuality
Auden 1
Bogarde1
Duveen3
Fowler 3
Goldwyn 5
Mitford, T., 1
Strachey2
I7ilde 13
I7illiams 3
honesty
Churchill, W., 20
FrederickII 2
Lenclos3
honeymoons
Parker,D.n 1
honor
AquinasL
Liliencron2
NapoleonI 13
honors
Avempace1
Bialik 1
Cato 3
Clemenceau2
Disraeli9
James,H., 4
Mably 3
Nelson 3
hope
AlexanderIII 3
Bernard15
Johnson,5.r22
horseracing
Campbell,T., 3
Crockford L
Hyde-IThite 1
horses
AlexanderIII 2
Bernard11
CharlesII 1

OF SUBJECTS

Fleenrrood1
Hobson,T., 1
Nagurski 2
horticulture
Parker,D., 9
hospitality
Khrushchev1
Napoleon I 4
Spooner2
Stalin 2
hospitals
Millay 1'$(/.,
1.
Mizner,
P4rker,D., 13
hostsand hostesses
Aubernon l-2
Beckford 1
Bernard 1
Berners4
Bowen,E., 1
Brahms5
Brummell 4
Buckland2
Chamberlain,A.r 2
Chopin 1
Chigi 1
Churchill, W., 40
Edward VII 2, 7-8
Elizabeghthe Queen
Mother 5
Emerson3
Gardner,I. S., 4
Golden 1
Herford 2
Hilbert 2
Hook 3
Levant 6
McCormick 1
Mallarm6 1
Morgatr,J. P., Sr., 5
Napoleon I 4
Necker 1
Rhodes1
Sandwich1
Sarasate1
Shor 1
Sickert 1
Swift 2
Trench 2
Wodehouse1
hotels
Coward 15
Frisco 1
Gleason1
Hope 1
Jefferson,T., 4
Johnson,S., 14
Marx, G., 5
Mizner, W., 4-5

INDEX

724

OF SUBJECTS

hotels(continued)
Roosevelt, T ., 2
Telford 1
housing
Copeland1
Franklin14
Gielgud5
Hearst 5
Mizner, A., 1
Victoria 4
housework
Thatcher 1
humiliry
Aidan 1
Callas2
Canute 1
CassattL
Churchill,W., 14
Edward VII 5
Einstein14
Gandhi,M., lr 3
Hokusai 1
James,H., 4
Kennedy,J. F., I
Mably 1
Newton'1,2
Paderewski3
Philip II 3
Roosevelt,T., 3
humor. Seealso comedy
Campbell,Mrs. P., 7
\ilToollcom3
humorists.Seealso comedians
Ade 1
Herford 4
Hungarians
Szilard1
hunger
Churchill,W., 26
Hitchcock 1
Susann3
hunting
Asquith,M., 2
Baruch2
Roosevelt,T., 5
Tennyson 7
husbands.Seealso marriage,
wives
Gabor 2-3
Hemingway2
Lytton 1
Parker,D., 17
hypochondria
Chekhov 1
Farquhar 1
hypocrisy
Beria 1
FrederickII 10
Morgafl, J. P., lr.r 2

Nixon 3
Parker,D., 4
Talleyrand11
hypocrites
Reed1
Twain 5
ideas
\fhitehead 1
identification.Seealso mistaken
identity; recognition
Abernethy5
Anders 1
Bergen1
ElizabethII 4
Erskine,J., I
FrancisJoseph2
Grant, U. S., 8
Jackson,T. J., 4
Jefferson,J., I
Lowell, Amy, I
Mitchell L
Newton 5
Rubinstein,Arthur, 2
Scheffel1
Twain 7
Watson
1
'S(heatcroft
1
identity
Sellers4
idleness
Sebastianodel Piombo 7
Thurlow 1
idolatry
Allen, F., 3
Bernhardt 14
ignorance
Copland1
Cushman1
Fitzgerald,F. S., 1,
Fuller,Melville, I
Gesvres1
Goldwyn419, ll, 1,4
Johnson,S.,5
Pringle1
illegitimacy.Seealso mothers;
paternity
Cicero4
Gwyn 2
Smith,F. E., 8
illiteracy
Graziano 1-2
Ibsen2
illness.Seealso specificillnesses
AlexanderIII 5
Bing5, ll
Brummell5
Cobb 1
Cooper,GladyS,2

Curran 4
de la Mare 1
Gunther3
Keats2
Lincoln,A., 27
MacMahon L
Mencken3
Pope,Alexander,4
SarazenL
Sigismund1
\il7augh1, 5
illustrations
Ross 11,
Twain 10
images
Toscanini10
imagination
Balzac2
Beecham,Sir T., 8
Buckland2
Casals4
Clay,H., 3
Harris, F., 2
Hitchcock5
Hofmann 2
Melville 1
Picasso
16-17
imitation
Armstrong,L., 3
Chaplin2, 4
Dietrich I
Lee,G. R., I
Wilde 10
immigrants
Schnab
el 2
Stravinsky3
immortality
Meyerbeer1
Michel angelo2
Newton 7
impartiality
Edward III 2
imperialism
Bismarck8
FrederickII 10
imposters
Connelly3
Lewis,S., 3
Romanoff 1,-2
'STatterson
L
impotence
Aumale5
Korda 4
improvisation
Jolson1
Kaufman 12-13
Lincoln,A., 38
Morris, C., 1
Rossini4

725
Unzelmann1
impudence
Stravinsky5
inattention
Roosevelt,F. D.r 7
inaugurations
Roosevelt,F. D., 5
incompetence
Nicholas I 1
Philip III 1
indecency
Churchill, W., 48
Coward 3
Niven 1
Indians, American
Churchill, W., 19
Cope 1
Sheridao,P. H., 1
Tecumseh1
Indians, Asian
Churchill, W., 19
Eliot, J., 1
indignation
Russell,G, W., 1
indiscretion
Mathilde 1
infallibility
Dulles I
Goldwyn 7
infatuation
Shaw,G.8.r 22
infidelity. Seealsolove affairs;
sex
lovers;mistresses;
AlexanderVI 1
Alexandra 1
Anderson 1
Augustus5
Barbirolli 1
Bernard3
Boleyn 1
Caesar2
Caroline,Duchesse,1
Caroline of Brunswick 2
Collins,J., 1
Conti 1
Feydeau3
Freud 1
Gabor 2
Giampetro 1
Howard, C., 1
Julia 1
Kaufman20
Molnir 6
Parker,D., 4
Richelieu1
Thibaud 2
Tooke 2
Webster,N., L
infirmity. Seealsoillness

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

Adams,J. Q., 2
Chesterfield5
ingenuity
Alexander III 4
Alexander,S., 1
Anaximenes1
Archimedes3
Arno 1.
Avempace1
Baeyer1
Bankhead8
Barnum 1.
Bing 5
Bonicelli 1
Buffalmacco1
Choate 2
Cole 1
Columbus 2-3
Connelly3
Cummings1
Edward III 1
Ibrahim 1
Menelik II 1
Mozart 4
Perot 1
Rabelais1
Victoria 10, t6
Voltaire 4
ingratitude
Clark, G. R., 1
1
Schwarzenberg
Shaw,G. 8., 21
inheritances.See alsowills
Lear 2
Rhodes4
Richelieu3
injuries
Bridger 1
Brummell 1
Patton L
Raglan 1
Reagan2-3
in-laws
Churchill, W., 27
Foch 4
Marquand 1
Russell,J., 3
innocence
O'Toole L
inns. Seehotels
inquisitiveness
Talleyrand 1
insanity
Chaloner1
GeorgeIII 5
Nerval 2
rU7olf1
inscriptions.Seealso
autographs

Allais 1
Bowles 1
Brahms8
Buckley 2
Byron 4
Coolidge14
Cromwell 5
Darius I 2
Ford, H., 5
Nash 1
Plato 2
insects
Haldane,J. B. S., L
insincerity
AugustineL
Barrymore,I.r 2
Christina 1.
North 4
insomnia
Knox, R., 1
inspections
Knox, R., 3
inspiration
Austin, A., 1
Beethoven2
Brahms11
Coleridge2
Forgy 1
Gipp 1
Levant 4
Massanet1
Picasso15
Toscanini10
insults
Abernethy 1
Adams, F. P., 4-5
Alcibiades1
AIi 2
Allen, F.r 2
Aristippus 2
Armour 1
Arnold 1
Arnould 1, 34
Asche 1
Asquith, M., l-z
Astor, N,, 1
Bacon4
Bankhead11
Barham 2
Barrow 1
Barrymore,E.r 2
Barrymore,J., 3, 5-6
Beaumarchais1.
Beaverbook 1
Beecham,Sir T.r 4, ll, t4
Beecher2-3
Belloc 3
Benton 2
Berners1

INDEX

OF SUBJECTS

insults(continued)
Bernhardt 9
Bevan1
Blumenthal1
Boswell2
Brahms4
Brummell 3
Bryan 2
BuchananL
Buckingham1
Busby2
Butler, B. F., 1.
Canning2
Carter 2
CharlesII 8
Chesterton5
Choate 3-4'W.,
Churchill,
7,29, 38
Cicero2
C l a y ,H . , l - 2 , 7
Coward 6-7, 9
Crockeft2
Curran 2-3
Dante L
DemosthenesL
Denis2
Dietz "1,
Disraeli5, 13
Dumaspire 3
Ellenborough2
Elliot 1
Fillmore 1
Foote 3-4
Fuller, Melville, 1,
Fuseli1
Gardner,I. S., l-2
Gatti-C asazza"1.
Gershwin7
Gilbert,W. S., 4, 619
Goering 1
Goldsmith 1
Grant, LJ.S., 7
Greeley1-2
Grote L
Guitry I
HaeselerL
Handel 4
Hazlitt 2
Herford 5
Hill, R., 2
Home,W. D., I
Howells 1
Johnson,L. B., I
Kaufman"1.,
3, 1,1
Kieran 1
Koussevitsky3
Landowska1
Lehmann1.
Lichtenberg1

LiebermannL
Liszt 1
Lunt 2
Marquand 1
Martinelli 2
Maury 2
MenziesL
Meyerbeer2
Moln6r 3
Muggnier 4
Musset L
Namath 1
Norbury 1
Parker,D., 3, L8
Phillips2
Porson4-s
Rachel5
Raphael1
Rivarol 2
Sandwich1
Scon 5
Seeley1
Shaw,G. 8., 3, 8, LL, 18
Sheridan,P. H.r 2
Sheridar,R. 8., 3, 12
Sickert3
Skinner,C. O., I
Smith,A. E.r 2
Smith,F. E., 2, 5
Smith,S.,4, 12
Stal4
Stevens2
Strachey1
Talleyrand1,0
Voltaire 14
I7augh 1
Whistler 15-17
ITilde 6-9, 14
I7ilkes 4-6
VilsonrU/.r 2
'V7ordsworth
2
insurance
Abbott and Costello1
Frick 1
integration
Everett 1.
Truth 1
intellectuals
Stevenson,
A. E.r 2
intelligence
Heine L
Luce,C. 8., 3
Spellman1
interrogations
Cobb 2
Rochefort L
interruptions
Astor, N., 3
Churchill,W., 35

Kemble,J. P., 1
Macmillan 1
Madison 1"
Russell,Bertrand,1
Levant 2
interviews
Adams,J. Q., I
Bing 3
Carson 1
Channing1
Cleveland,G., 2
Emerson4
Frost 2
Maeterlinck2
Ruth 4
SaarinenL
Steinbeck1
Twain 12
intimidation
Jackson,A., 2
Tintoretto L
introductions
Albert, E., I
AndersonL
Asquith,M., I
Bankhead5
Carolineof Brunswick
Choate3
Coolidge13
Firbank 1
Franklin 10
Gulbenkian3
Johnsor,S., ll
Karl AlexanderI
Kelland2
Lillie 7
Peard1
Robinson,E. A., I
Tennyson5
Tree 6
inventions
Archimedes2
Baeyer1
Brodie,W., 1,
Degas1
Edison,T., 3
Howe, E., 1
Mao Zedong I
Schonbein1
inventors

Bell,A. G., I
du Deffand 3
Edison,T., 1, 4,7-8
Fuller,R. B., I
Kaufman 7
Kennedy,J. F., 9
Thoreau5
Watt L
Westinghouse1"

727
mvestment
Astor, I. J.r 2
Baruch 1
GeorgeI 1
Gould 2
Green,H., 1
Thales2
invitations
Barrymore,I., 6
Belmont 1
Butler, S., 4
Dahn 1
Edward VII 1
Foster 1
Goethe3
Levant 8
Roosevelt,F. D., 5
SarasateL
Shaw,G. 8., 17
Spooner2
Ireland
Cole 1
Collins, M., 1
Curran 1
De Val eral, 4
Irish, the
Kennedy,J. P., 1
irony
Payne1
Roosevelt,F. D., 1
irreverence
Bacall 1
Israel
Weizmann 1
Italy
Giolini 1
Japanese,the
Garner 1
iealousy
Ali 1
Beckett 2
Columbus2
Diaghilev 1
Gielgud 5
Greville 1
Guitry, S., 1
Nesbit 1
Nixon 4
North 1
Rogers,S., 4
iewels
Arnould 3
Benny 5
Cornelia 1
Greville 1
Havemeyer1
TaylornE., 1

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

Jews.Seealso anti-Semitism
Adler 1
Fields5
La Guardia 3
Liebling 1
Perlman 1.
iinxes
Lincoln, R. T., 1
iokes
Coolidge13
Lederer 1
Lincoln,A., 19
Twain 10
Victoria L5
journalism
Hearst 1
journalists
Adams,J. Q., 1
Bing 3
Carson 1
Cleveland,G., 2
Connelly 3
Coolidge10
Coward 16
Curie 1
Duse 1
Foch 1
Ford, G., 1
Fowler 2
Frost 2
Hammett 3
Hearst 3
JohnsoD,L. 8.r 2, 6
Maeterlinck 2
Northcliffe 1
O'Neill L
$le 1
Steinbeck1
Twain lr 3
iudges
CambysesII 1"
Coolidge3
Curran 2
Ellenborough1
Holmes,O. Itr., Jt., 5
Hutchins 2
Landis 1
Lincoln, A,, 5
Mansfield 1
North 3
Philip II 1
Smith,F. 8., 2, 5
iustice
Ibn Saud 1
Julian 1
La Guardia 1
Philip II 1
Socrates2
Solomon1

kidnappers
CaesarL
killing. Seealso murder
Shaw,G. 8., L6
killf oys
Gladstone1
kindness
Rhodes1
kissing
Bing 11
ChevalierL
Duse L
Halifax, E., 1
Joyce,James,8
Marx, C., I
Sargent,J. S., 5
knowledg.
Ford, H.r 4
PompadourL
Talleyrand5
laboratories
Edison,T., 7
lambs
Scoa 2
landlords
Halbe 1
Telford 1
landscapes
Queensberry1
language
Aym6 1
Dean 4
Denis 1
Durante 2
Hamsun 1
Horowitz 3
Koo L
Laemmle 1
Lubitsch 1
languagebarriers. Seealso
accents,foreign
Borge 3
Franklin 11
Reagan5
languages
Bing 1
Callas 1
Meir 3
Metternich, K., 1
NasserL
Parker,D., 12
Romanoff 2
Tosti 1
Villiers de L'Isle-Adam 1
Whistler 5
last words. Seealsodeath;
deathbeds;dying
Adamsr I., 2

728

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

last words (continued)

Addison 4
Allen, E., 4
Aretino 1
Azeglio 1
Barnum 3
Barrymore,J., 10
Behan4
Bell, A. G., 2
Bouhours 1
Caesar1.0
Catherineof Aragon 1.
Cavell 1
CharlesII 9
Chesterfield5
Colette 1
Comte 1
Cooper, Gladys, 2
Danton L
Dreiser I
Euler 2
Favras1.
Field,J., 1
FredericktilTilliamI 3
Frohman 1.
GeorgeV 10
Gilbert, H., 1
Gipp 1
Goethe5
Goldberg2
Green,J. H., 1
Hale I
Heine 3
Henry, O., 1
HolmeS,J., 4
Housman3
Ibsen3
Jacksor,T. J.r 7
Jones,H. A., I
Kelly, G., 1
Ker 2
Knox, R., 5
McKinley 2
Maria Theresa1.
Mizner, W., 5
Montagu 2
Narviez 1
Nelson 7
Newton'/.,2
Norbury 3
Perugino2
Pitt 4
Pornpadour2
Rhodes3
Saroyan1
Sedgwick,J., I
SobhuzaII L
Stein5
Thurber 10

Tolstoy 1
Vega Carpio 1
Villa 1
Wilde 17-1,8
lateness
Levant 7
Latin
Este 1
laughter
Abbott and Costello 1
Galen 1
Garland 2
Lincoln,A., 25, 38
Titian 1.
law
Solon 1
lawsuits
Sage1
Smith,F. E., 3
Yusupov1
lawyers
Ade 1
Black 1
Brougham 1.
Choate2,7
Curran 2
Darrow 2
Ellenborough1
Fraguier 1.
Grant, LJ.S., 7
Holmes,O. W., Ir.r 2
Hutchins 2
JamesI 1
Kennedy,I. F,, 8
Knox, P. C., L
Lincoln, A,, 4, 6
Norbury 2
Norton 1
Rockefeller,'W.,L
Root 1
Sage1
Smith, F. 8., Z-s
Thurlow 4
T7ebster,D., 4, G-g
Iaziness
Barrymore,J., I
Briand 2
Kaufman2
Webster,D., l-2
leadership
Aidan I
Alexander III 2
Churchill,Sf., 16,34
Rutherford 1
learning
Nhed,2
Johnsor, S., I
lechersAechery
Churchill, W., 47

Palewski1
Winters 1
lecturers
Auden 3
T'wain 7
legality
Nixon 9
Legionof Honor
Clemenceau2
legislators.Seealso Congress;
politicians
Solon 1
leisure
DionysiusII 1
lesbians
Goldwyn 5
letters
Alexander,H., 1
Beecher2
Courteline1
Davy I
ElizaberhI 3
Erskine, T., 1
Falla 1
Haydn 3
Jefferson,T., 5
Lincoln,A., 28
Marx, G., 13
Sellers2
Selwyn5
Suess1
Swift 1
Talleyrand1, 8
Truman 7
Twain 15
lexicographers
Johnsotr,S., 4-5
liars. Seealso lies
Bernhardt10
Bruce I
Harris, F., 2
Moore, G. E., 1
libel
Coolidge2A
Yusupov 1
liberals
Ingersoll 1.
liberty
Paine1
Roland 1
libraries
Dickens5
'Omar 1.
lies.Seealsoliars
Aumale 1"
Labouchere1
Montagu 2
Niven 2
North 3

729
Rubinstein,Anton, 1,
ScipioNasicaSerapio1
Thales5
Thibaud 2
Yoshida 1
lingerie
Du Pont 1
liquor. Seealso brandy; drinking; drunkenness;wine
Cooper,V., I
Croll 1
Fields3
Porson3
Russell,G. UI., 2
TalleyrandL3
Trollope,A., 13
tU7ilde17
literalism
Poe 1
loans
Altenberg1
Benchley 14
Coolidge5
Moln6r 2
Sheridan,R. B.r 7
lobsters
Feydeau2
Nerval 1
logic
Joad 1
Knox, R., 4
Newton 9
loneliness
Parker,D.r 2
longevity . Seealso old age
Adenauer3
Auber 2
Blake,E.r 2
BorgesL
Burns 3
1
Cagliostro'Sf.,
45
Churchill,
Edward VII 4
Moore, G. A., 3
Philip, Prince,5
Sargent,M., 4
Voltaire lL
See
longwindedness.
talkativeness
losers
NapoleonI L
lost generation
Stein4
lotteries
Mizner, W., LL
love
Browning,R., 3
Disraeli3
Twain 4

INDEX

love affairs.Seealso infideliry;

lovers;mistresses;
sex
Brougham3
Carter L
D'Annunzio 2
Foote5
Gabor 1
Hearst 4
Kaunitz-Rietburg1
Luce,C. 8., L
lovers.Seealso infidelity; love
affairs;mistresses;
sex
Cooper,Gary,I
Gibbon 1
Hugo 2
Louis XV 1
Mathilde 1
Nelson5
Nesbit 1
Rachel1
tU7ellington
L5
Iferfel L
loyalty
AlexanderIII 3
Augustus2, 6
Butler,B. F., 2
Carolineof Brunswick3
Cocteau2
EinsteinLL
FrederickII 8
Hammerstein2
Louis XVIII 1
Roosevelt,T., L
Theodoric 1
\Washington4
Xerxes 2
luck
Churchill,W., 9
Cocteau3
Jessel1
lust
Barrymore,J., 10
Caroto L
Chevalier3
Johnson,S., L9
Landers3
Petronius1
luxury
Richard | 2
lyricists
Hammerstein2
machinery
Archimedes 2
magazines
Coleridge 1
Woollcott 5
magicians
Houdini l-z

OF SUBJECTS

malapropisms
Roche1
malice
Garland 1
Gould 2
Parker,D., 8
Rogers,S., Ir 4
manners
Acton 1
Astor, N., 5
Barrymore,E.r 2
Bembo 1
Brahms10
Cadbury 1
Chanel 1
Chesterfield5
Churchill,W., 28
Cleveland,F. F., 1
Coolidgell
Dalton 1
David 1.
Dumaspire 4
ElizabethII 3
Foch 5
Giles 1
Kingsale1
Lear 1
LouisXIV 2,8
Marie Antoinette2, 4
Milne 1
Norton L
Parker,D., 18
SchweitzerL
Stanley1
Talleyrand10
manuallabor
Ruskin 1
maps
Churchill,W., l, 17
marksmanship
10
Clemenceau
marriage
Albert 1
AlexanderVI 1
Allen, E., 3
Astor, N., 2
Auden 1
Azeglio 1
Balfour 1
Balzac 1
Baylis1
Carlyle 4
Carnegie2
Carolineof Ansbach2
Carolineof Brunswickt
Chaloner1
Choate 1
Clark, M. W., 1
Coke 1

730

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

marriage (continued)
Curran 3
Disraeli 3
Donne 1
Dryden 2
Edward VIII 2
Flanner1
Gabor 1
Geoffrin 1
Goldwyn 22
Haydn 3
Henri IV 3
Johnson,5.,22
Laughton 1
Marx, G., 1"1
Mitchum 1.
Moln6r 9
Nivernais L
Parker,D., 5
Reading1
Richelieu1
Rogers,S., 1
Siddons1
Swift 3
Thatcher 1
Thorndike 2
Tooke 2
Victoria 7
I7alker 1
I7ebb 1
marriageproposals.Seealso
courtship
Adenauer 2
Beecham,Sir T., 1
Grant, [J. S., L
Lenya L
Lewis,S., 1
Victoria 5
Webster,D., 5
martyrdom
Cranmer L
masculinity
Coward 4
Hellman 1
mastectomy
Longworth 3
masturbation
Susann1
materialism
Schweitzer3
mathematicians
Archimedes34
Babbage1
Bernoulli 1
Diderot 1
Dirichlet 1
Euclid 1
Euler 2
Fermat 1

Gaussl-2
KasnerL
Kelvin 4
Newton 10
Pascal1
Ramanujan1
Russell,Bertrandr2-3
mathematics
Descartes2
Gibbs2
Kac 1
Lindemann1
O'Neal 1
Pascal1
Plato l-2
matricide
Agrippina 2
Bridger 2
Curley 1
medicaladvice.Seecures;diagnoses;doctors
mediocrity
Hruska 1
meditation
Newton 11
meetings
Pitt 2
Spaak1
Thalberg l-2
Twain 11
megalomania
Caligula2
Pulitzer 1
memorials.Seealso tributes
Bacall 2
memory
Alfred 2
Barton 1
Cagney1
Casals3
Cortot 1
ElizabethI 2
Emerson10
Foote 1
Gilbert, J., t
Jeffersoo,J., 1
Johnsor,S., 1
Kant 2
Karsavina1
Macaulay 2
Porson 1
Toscanini3
men
Campbell,Mrs. P., 7
Gelon 1
Livermore 1.
mercy
Clemenceau
10
Coolidge5

ElizabethI 1
PeterI 1
futhagoras L
Schwarzenberg2
mermaids
Seferis1
messages
Darius I 1
meteorology
Thales2
mice
Hatto 1
military, the
Talleyrand9
Whistler 2
military leaders
Adams,A. A., 1
Bismarck2
Cromwell 3
Eisenhowerl-z
F r e d e r i cIkI 1 , 3 , 9 , l l
Grant, U. S., 5, 9
T.
4
Jacksoo,
,,/-,rJ.,
Nelson 34r 6
Patton l-2
P6tain 1
Taylor, M., 1
military strategy
Forrest 1
Grant, U. S., 4
Richelieu2
millionaires
Bennett,J. G., 3-5
Bryan 3
Getty I-z
Green,H.r 2
Gulbenkianl-2
Hoffmann 1
Kennedy,I. F., 4
MorgaD,J. P.,Jr., tr 34
Rockefeller,J. D., Sr., 1"
Rockefeller,
J. D., Jr., 1
Sackville-\U7est
1
Thomson,R., 1
mimes
Marceau 1
mind-reading
Churchill,R. H. S., 2
Taylor,J., I
miracles
France1.
mirrors
Carroll, L., 2
Onassis1
mischief
La Guardia 4
miserliness
Aristippus 1
Bernard1

731
Cockcroft 1
Coolidge17
Fontenelle2
Foote 8
Golden 1
Marlborough 1
Mayer 3
More, H., 1
Pliny 1
Rockefeller,J. D., Sr., 1
Rockefeller,J. D., Jr., 1
misers
Benny 1
Perugino1
Thomson,Roy, I
Whitney 1
misfortunes
Disraeli 7
Napoleon,E., 3
misinterpretation
Croesus1
Reagan5
mismanagement
Talleyrand15
misrepresentation
Rops 1
missionaries
Gregory | l-2
mistakenidentity. Seealso
identification; recognition
Alfred 1
Anderson 1
Anne, Princess,1
Bankhead 7, 9
Benchley 6
Berra 3
Brandt 1
Caruso2
Choate 5
Coleridge5
Curie 1
Dewey,J., 3
EdwardVII 11
Fairbanks2
Gielgud3
Gordon,J. B., 1
Harte 2
Humboldt 1
Jacksotr,T. J.r 7
Jacobi 1
JosephII 1
KembleS., 1
Kreisler 1, 3
Lais 1
Lowell, R., 1
Marx, G,, 1
Masaryk 1
Nabokov 3
Peterborough1

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

Rogers,S., 3
RooseveltrT.r2
Schweitzer5
Slezak2
Smith,S., 2
Tennyson6
Warner 2
mistakes
Adams,Ansel, 1
Khrushchev4
Richter 2
Ruth 4
mistresses.Seealsoinfidelity;
love affairs; lovers; prostinttes; sex
Adams,J., 1
Albemarle 1
Aumale l-2
Boulangr,G.r 2
Caesar5
Caroline of Ansbach 1
CharlesII 9
Gwyn 1
Hearst 4
J6r6me 1
Louis XV 1
Louis XVI 1
Molnir 5
Napoleor, J. C. P., 1
Parker,D., 4
PoggioBracciolini 1
Sedley1
Voltaire 8
misunderstandings
Albert 2
Beaumont1
Butler, H. M., 1
Churchill, W., Ilr 36
de Gaulle 1
Eug6nie2
Foote 5
GeorgeV 8
Giles 1
Gladstone2
Gosse3
Heyerdahl 1
J6r6me1
Marten 1
Nixon 8
Victoria 13
mobs
Johnson,A., 1
Peterborough1
models
kvant 4
Parrish 1
Taft, L., 1
Titian 1
modesty

Auden 214
Constable2
Guggenheim1
Julia 2
Kennedy,J. F., 13
Napoleon I 2
OscarII 1
Paderewski1
Robinson,E. A., 1
Rowland 1
Stravinsky10
l7histler 5
Monaco
Rainier III 1
money
Addison 3
Agassiz1
Altenberg 1
Alvanley 1
Anderson2
Bernard 14
Carver 1
Crosby 1
Darrow 2
Edison,T., 9
ElizabethI 3
Getty 2
Hecht 1
Kennedy,J. P.r 4
Lincoln,4., 6
Marx, G., 8
Mayer 3
NapoleonI 13
Picasso317-I0
Raft 1
Rockefeller,J. D., Sr., 1
Ross3
Rossini10
Rothschild 1
Shaw,G. B., 6, 19
Stravinsky7
Tree 7
moneylenders
Poole 1
monkeys
Crockeft 2
moodiness
Edward Vll 7
moon, the
Armstrotrg,N., 1-2
morality
Bridges2
moralizing
Arnold 2
Roosevelt,T., 4
morbidity
Selwyn 1
mortality
Churchill, If., 5

INDEX

732

OF SUBJECTS

mortality (continued)
Empedocles1
Goethe4
mothers.Seealso children;
fathers;parents
Agrippina l-2
Alembert 1
Alexander III 1
Cornelia I
Coward 13
GeorgeVI 3
Grant, C., 1
Lenclos4
McCullers 1
Solomon1
Victoria 3
Washington5
motivation
Coward 2
mottoes
Edward I 1
Edward II 1
mountain climbing
Kasner2
Mallory 1
mourning.Seebereavement;
grief
movie directorsand producers
Cocteau2
Cukor 1
Curtiz l-z
Ford, J., 1
Goldwyn 12
Hitchcock 2-3, 5
Huston I
Kennedy,J. P., 2
Korda 1
Macready 2
Rich 1
Thalberg3
Thurber 2
tU7ilder4-5
movies
Barrymore,I., 4
Chaplin 3
Cocteau2
Davies,M., 1
Eliot, T. S., 7
Fitzgerald,F. S., I
Flaherty 1
Godard 1
Goldwyn 4-5, 13, 17
Johnsotr,N., I
Jolson 1
Thalberg3
Thurber 7
Tree 4
Warner 1
Yusupov 1

movies,silent
Beethoven4-5
Previn 1
Blake,E., 1
murder.Seealso assassination;
Blech 1
execution
Brahms"1,-3r
7
Agrippina 2
Bull l-2
AlexanderI 1
Btilow 2
Alfonso XIII 1
Casals1-3
Baker,I., 2
Chopin 1
Booth,J. W., I
Cohan 3
Christie,A.r 2
Cortot 1
FergussonL
Dreyschock1
Levant 1
Einstein15
Louis XV 3
E l m a n1 , 3
Mizner, V., 10
Enesco1.
Nero 1
Field,J., 1
Nesbit 1
FosterL
Stalin 1
GeorgeIII 4
murderers
Gershwin,G., 5-7
Landru 1
Gilbert,V. S., 3
Lowell, R., 2
Godowsky 1
mushrooms
Goodman,B., I
Nero L
Grainger 1
music.Seealso concerts;opera
HarrisoD,G., I
Antheil 1
Haydn 2
Bach,C. P. E., 1
Heifetz l, 4-S
Beecham,Sir T., 7
Hess1
Casals4
Hofmann l-2
Christi,J., 1
Horowitz "1,-2
Faur6 1
Kreisler '1,-2
GeorgeVI 1
LandowskaI
Grant, U. S., 11,
Levant21 7
Haydn 1
Liberace1
Hindemith 1
Liszt 2
Johnsor,S., 8-9
Marx, G., 5
Klemperer3
Monteux 1-2
Lincoln,A., 1,7
Mozart 4
Mahler 1
Pachmann1-3
Reger1
Paderewski1,-6
Sargent,M., 1,-2
Perlman1
Stravinsky2, 8-9
Piatigorsky1
Toscanini2
Previn L
tilTellington9
Rachmaninoffl-2
musicalinstruments.Seealso
Reisenauer1
specificinstruments
Richter 2
Antheil 1
Rosenthal l-2, 4
Rossini8
Rossini2,7-8
musicians.Seealso composers;
Rubinstein,Anton, I
conductors;rehearsals;
Rubinstein,Arthur, 2
singers
Saint-Sadns
1
Adams,Ansel,1
Sarasat
e l-2
Allen, F., 2
Schillinger 1
Armstrong,L.r 2
Schnab
el 2-3
Arne 1
Schonberg2
Bach,C. P. E., 1
Sibelius1
Bach,J. S., I
Stokowski 1
Barbirolli I
Sullivan,A. S., L
Bart6k 1
Thibaud I
Beecham,Sir T., 34, 7-8,
Toscanini1-3
1 0 - 1 3 ,1 6
S7alterI

733
T7alton 1
Wieniawski 1
Muslims
Churchill, W., 45
mustaches
Churchill, \Uf.,45
Dali 2
Drew 1
mutiny
Cinque L
naivet6
Olivier 1
Ross7
names
Asquith, M., 1
CharlesII 4
Clay,H.r 4
Connelly 2
Cooper,D., 213
DumaspDreI
Edison,C., 1
Edward VII 6
Emerson10
Eric the Red 1
Fielding2
Fredericklfilliam IV 1
GeorgeV 7
Goldwyn 1, 15-15
Hooker 1
Humphrey 1
Jacksor,T. J., 1
Joynson-HicksL
Jullien 1
Millay 1
Nixon 7
Pater L
Plomer 1
Ramsay2
Smith,F. E., 8-9
Stravinsky3
'Walton
1
'S7atson
1
Whistler L8
nationalism
Johnson,S., 2, 10-12
Ifilson, W., 5
nationality
Churchill,W., 13
Diogenes2
Kennedyrl. P., 1
nationalization
Churchill, \Uf.,37
nature lovers
Chapman,John, 1,-2
naval warfare
Fulton 1
Perry 1
navigation

rNDEX

Corrigan 1
Nazis
Auden 1
Christian X 1
Einstein8
Goering 2
La Guardia 3
Picasso5
West, R., 3
Wilder 1
negotiations.Seealso peace
agreements/treaties
Bing 6
Chamberlain,N., 1
Foch 3
Goldwyn 8, 21
Gomez 1
Korda 5
Meir 1
Shaw,G. B., 19
Tecumseh1
neighbors
Botticelli 1
Buffalmacco1
Jusserand3
nepotism
Kennedy,J. F., 8
nervousbreakdowns
Lowell, R., 1
nervousness
Gielgud 1
Hyrtl 1
Koussevitsky2
newlyweds
Baldwin 2
news
Napoleon I 14
newspapers
Baldwin 3
Beaverbrook1
Bennett,J. G., l-2
Coward 15
GreeleyL
Greenwood 1
Hearst 1-3
James,I.r 2
Jefferson,T., 7
Kennedy,J. F., 5
Kipling 1
Pulitzer 1
Scripps1
Thomson,R., 1
Nobel Prize
Beckett 2
Bialik 1
Greene2
nobility . Seearistocrats;royalty
noise
Johnson,S., 9

OF SUBJECTS

Sheridar,R. 8., 4
nonconformists
Shelley,M., 2
North Pole
Peary 1
Smith, S., 3
noses
Booth,I. B.r 2
Davenant 1
Gainsborough1
Wellington 3
notoriety
Nast 1
novelists
Trollope, F., 2
nuclearpower
Ferrni l-z
Oppenheimer2
Rabi 1
nuclearwar. Seeatomic
weaPons
nudity
Adams,J. Q., 1
Bankhead 12
Behan 1
Blake,'W.,1
Borghese1
Bowra 1
Castiglione1.
Churchill, W., 20
Eugnie2
Godiva 1
Graole 1
Howarth 1
Jusserand1
Kaufmen 9
Lamb, Caroline, 1
Marx, G., 12
Moore, G. A.r 4
Poe 1
Robert, L., 1
Scheffel1
I7histler 5
numbers
Ramanuian1
nuns
Behan4
O'Toole 1
Teresaof Avila 1
nurseryrhymes
Parker,D,, 13
nymphomaniacs
Garland 1
oaths
Louis XVm 1
obedience
Gibbon 1
Grant, LJ.S., 2

734

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

obesity
Chesterton4, 6-8
Dietz 1
Guines1
Kemble,S., 1
Merrill 1
Schumann-Heink3
Smith,F. E., 9
Taftr'W. H., l, 3
Tetrazzini L
obfuscation
Adee 1
obituaries
Kipling 1
Russell,Bertrand,5
Sargent,M., 5
Twain 14
obliviousness
Coleridge3
obscenity
Ross10
Twain 10
obscurity
Browning, R., I
Jerrold 1
observation
Colette 1
Oedipuscomplex
Beerbohm3
offices
Parker,D.r 2
old age.Seealso longevity
Adams,J. Q., 2
Adenauer3
Auber 4
Aumale 5
Barrymore,E., 1
Barrymore,J.r 7, 9
Bernhardt 16
Cato 2
Chesterfield4-5
Chevalier3
Churchill,W., 45,4749
de Gaulle 12
Dumaspire 9
Emerson10
Fontenelle3, 5-6
HolmeS,O. W., Jr., 618
Housman2
Hyde, C., I
Julia 3
Maugham 5
Michel angelo7
Mises 1
Monteux 4
Paderewski5
Rops 1
Shaw,G. B., 23r 27
Stengel5-5

I7ells 3
Olympics
Nurmi 1
omens
Augustus1
Gregory 2
one-upmanship
Aumale2
onomatopeia
Churchill,W., 35
opera.Seealso music; singers
Arditi I
Edward VII 9
Nilsson1,4
Tamagno 1.
Tetrazzini 1
Toscanini5
Ustinov 1
opportunism
Richelieu3
oppression
ConfuciusL
Euler 1
optics
Newton 5
optimism
Franklin12
orators,oratory. Seespeakers;
speeches
orchards
Emerson2
orphanages
Ford, H., 5
outspokenness
Astor, N., 3
ownership
Nuffield 1
Oxford
Gosse1
oysters
ThackerayI
pacifism
Boas 1
Debs 1
Fora,H., 1
Fox, G., 1
Lowell, R., 1
Rivera 1
pain
NapoleonIII 2
Napoleon,E., 2
painters.Seeartists,visual
paintings
Beaton2
Churchill,W., 41,44
Corot 2-3
Duveen1
GesvresI

GiorgioneL
Havemeyer1
Hocking 1
Isabey1
L6vis 1
Mizner, V., 12
Picasso18
Stein7
PanamaCanal
CharlesV (Spain)2
Knox, P. C., 1
parades
Liebling 1
paranoia
Esposito1
Hugo 4
pardons
Debs 1
Maria Fedorovna1
Oppenheimer3
parents.Seealso children;
fathers; mothers
Alembert 1
Bernstein,L., 1
Clemenceau5
de Gaulle5
Diogenes5
Edward VIII 3
Fonda2
GeorgeV 5
Gibbon I
Monteux 3
Twain 8
Paris
Duke 1
parodies
Greene1
Partridge 1
Tennyson9
parties
Astor, M., 1
Beerbohm4
Brummell4
Chisi 1
Edison,T., 8
Hitchcock 4
McCormick 1
Mankiewicz 2
Shaw,G. 8., 18
partners.Seecollaboration
Passron
Campbell,Mrs.
Strachey4
paternity.Seealso illegitimacy
AlexanderIII 1
Burr 1
Feydeau1
Julia 1
patience

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

735
Churchlll, V., 22
Patients
Garth 1
Otto L
patriotism
Aumale34
Baldwin 1
Cavell 1
ChristianX 1
Francisll 2
Hale 1
Palmerston3
Pitt 4
Russellr I., t
9
Toscanini
'Ifashington
8
patronage
Dante 1
Robinson,E. A.r 2
Thurlow 2-3
patrons
Boileau1
Raleigh 5
Spenser2
peaceagreements/treaties
Alexander III 5
Clemenceau8
Foch 3
GeorgeV 6
Grant, U. S., 3
Kallio 1
Napoleon III 3
pearls
Nilsson 2
Vanderbilt,A., 1
peasants
Talleyrand12
Tennyson7
pedestrians
GeorgeV 9
perfectionism
CzanneI
KlempererL
perfume
Arnim 1
Landers3
persistence
Fraguier 1
perspiration
Dreyschock1
Palmerston2
pessimism
Keynes2
Lloyd George2
Pfltain 2
Reagan1
pestering
Orsay 2
pets

Campbell,Mrs. P., 4
Churchill, If., 42
Coolidge11
Curran 2
Dali 6
D'Annunzio 1.
Green,H.r 2
Kneller 2
Lillie 1
Mathilde 1
Nerval 1
Newton 2, 5
Nixon 1
Parker,D., t9
Pythagoras1
Sackville-I7est1
I7ellington 12
philanthropists
Carnegie1
Morgatr,J. P., Sr., 8
philanthropy
Brandt L
philosophers
Aristippus 1, 3
de Gaulle 7
Descartes1,
DeweyrI.r 2
Diogenes1, 4
Emerson8
Fuller, Margaret, 1
Hegel 1
Hume 2'Sf.,
1
James,
Moore, G. E., 1
Peabody1
Plato 1
Russell,Bertrand,5-7, !3
Satayana1
1
Schopenhauer
Socrates1-2
Teng Shih 1
Thales3-5
Voltaire 6
Whitehead 1
Zeno I
philosophy
Cohen 1
Johnson,S., 17
photographers/photo
graphy
Anders 1
Capa 1
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 9
Kennedy,I. F., 10
Ramsey2
photographs
Casals4
Hillary 1
John XXIII 3

Khrushchev3
A. E., 3
Stevenson,
Vidal 1
physicists
Oppenheimer1
physics
Einstein15
pianos
Borge 1
Paderewski3
piety
Addison 4
Dante 2
Edison, T., 6
pilots
Corrigan 1
Metaxas L
pinching
Trench 1
pioneers
Clay, H., 3
pirates
Caesar1
plagiarism
AndersenL
Bacon2
Bernard5
Borodin 1
Biilow 3
Harris, F., 1
Hazlitt 2
HellmesbergerL
Kelly, M., 1
Liszt 2
Michelangelo5
Parker,D., 20
Russell,Bertrand,4
Twain 15
I7ilde 6-7
plain speaking
Pringle 1
plants
Schopenhauer1
playwrights. Seealso writers
Allais 2
Andersen1
Archer 1
Beaumont1
Congreve1
Coward 8
Dumas pire 8
Feydeau4
Kaufman L, 12, 15
Klein 1
Lamb, Charles,5
Lederer 1
O'Neill l-2
Racine 1
Shakespeare
2

r N D E X O F SU B J E C T S

playwrights(continued)
Shaw,G. 8., 21 4-s
Sheridatr,R. 8., 12
Skinner,C. O., 1
Stoppard 1
Terry 2
Voltaire 14
pleading
Aristippus 2
poetry
Boileau4
Browning, R., 7
Jerrold 1
Johnson,S., 20
Porson4
Sinvell,8., 1
Sinvell,G.r 2
Tennyson3
poets.Seealsowriters
Acton 1
Auden 2
Austin, A., 1
Babbage1
Bahr 1
Bridges2
Denham1
Dryden 1, 3
Eliot, T. S., l-2r 4-s
Euripides1
Frost 1, 3
Keats 1
Levant 4
LiBol
Lowell, A., 4
Milton 1
Noailles 1
Pope,Alexander,3
Rivarol 2
Robinson,E. A., t-2
Rossetti2
Russell,G. W., l-z
Salisbu
ry I
Spenser1
Swinburne1
Thomas,E., 1
Voltaire 5, 7
Waller 1
Whitman 1
Wilde 8
poisoning
AlexanderIII 5
Baker,J., 2
Christie, A., 2
Nero 1
police
Arnould 2
Harriman 2
La Guardia4
Nixon 5

736
political parties
Luce,C. 8., 3
politicans.Seealso diplomars;
presidents;statesmen
Acheson7-2
Astor,N., 1-3, 6
Bryan 2
BuchananI
Burke 3
Butler,R. A., I
Canning1
Chamberlain,A., 1
Churchill,\X/.,5, lsr 23,
32,34
Cicero 2-3
Clay,H., 2, 5, 7
Coolidge3-4, 15
De Val era2
Disraeli6-7
Fouch61
Franklin 4
Garrick 2
Goldberg1
Hadrian 1
Hardie I
Harrison,B. (President),
1,
Holles 1
Holmes,F. D., 1
Hoover 2
Hruska 1
Johnsor,L. B.r 2
Kennedy,J. F., 2, 10
Labouchere4
Landers1
Ledru-Rollin 1
Lincoln,A., 9
Long 1-2
Longworth 2
Louis XIV 6
MacArthur, D., 3
Macaulay5
Menzies tr"
Mirabeau2
Muggeridge1
Murphy 1
Newton 8
Nixon l-2
North 2
Paderewski5
Pitt 2
Reagan214
Reed2
Roche2
Seward1
Sheridan,R. 8., 14
Simon,J. A., 1
Stevens2
Stevenson, A. E.r 2,
5r 7

Talleyrand 7
Thomas,N., I
Thoreau3
Townshendl
Trudeau,P. E., I
Truman 5
Ifilkes 1
I7ilson, V., 2
politics
Btilow 1
Cicero2
Galbraith 1
MacDonald1
Roosevelt,F. D.r 2
Thomas,N., 34
I[rilson,H., z
polls
Gallup I
pollution
\il7hewell1
polo
Alfonso XIil 1
polygamy
Parker,Q., 1
pomposity
Berners2
Churchill,W., 25
EdwardVII 10
Labouchere2
Lincoln,A., 34
Louis XIV 9
Reed 1
r07ordsworthL
popes
John XXIII 4
JuliusIII 1
LeoXl
populariry
Beethoven1
Chaplin 1
Dickens2
Kennedy,J. F., 12
Mayer 5
rU7ilkes
3
portraits
Blake,W., 3
Buddha1
C6zanne1
Churchill,W., 44
Cromwell 1
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 9
Emerson5
Firbank1
Gainsborough1
Gandhi,M., 4
Gladstone3
Haydn 4
Henry VIII 2

INDEX

737
Hogarth L 'W'.,
Holmes,O.
Jt., 5
Isabey1
John,A., 1
Joyce,James,3, 5
Joyce,John, 2
Kneller 2
Koppay 1
Lang L
LiebermannL
Michel angelo2
Moln6r 7
Niarchos 1,
Noailles 1.
Picasso2-3
Plotinus1
Prokofiev1
Rigaud 1
Sargent,J. S., 24
Shaw,G. B., 23-24
Siddons2
Thackeray3
Tintoretto 1
Titian 1
\Ufashington9
rUfhistler5
postal service
Faulkner1
postscripts
Selwyn5
posture
Gordon,J. 8., 1
potatoes
Liliencron L
poverty
Alcott, A. B., 1
Bach,J. S., 1
Balzac2, 5
Caligula3
France3
Picon 1
Rochefort 2
Shuter1
Twain 2
Power
Chesterton'/,2
Themistocles2
practicaljokes
Barrie 5
Benchleyl, L5
Bogart L
Buckland2
Calverley 1
Cuvier L
ElizabethII 1
Eug6nieL
Gide I
Franklin 8
Giotto 2

Greeley5
GreeneL
Halifax, E., 1
Hill, J., 1
Hitchcock 8
Hook 1
Huston 1.
Ikku 1
Lutyens2
Marx, G., 12
Partridge1
Piccard1
Porson1.
Ross5, 8
Smith,S.,2
Thurber 3
Troy L
von NeumannL
practicality
CocteauL
Cromwell 3
Edison,T., 5
Gore-BoothL
GravesL
practice
PaderewskiL
pragmatism
Dewey,J., 1
praise
Constable1.-2
KlempererL
Lewis,M. G., 1.
Olivier L
Rogers,S., 4
Sarasate2
Sitwell,E., 3
Turner 5
Voltaire 10
prayer
Aubign6 1"
Baylis2
Bion 1
Cinque 1
L. B.r 7
JohnsoD,
'S7.,
1
Lawrence,
Lincoln,A., t9
Spellman3
preaching
Lamb, Charles,8
predestination.Seefate
predictability
Haldane2
predictions
Aidan 1
Blake,'W.,2
Campbell,D., L
Gallup 1
Morgar, J. P., Sr., 5
Partridge l-2

OF SUBJECTS

Stengel3
Thurber 9
pregnancy
Arnould 4
Aubernon3
Coke L
Collins,J., 1
Marie Antoinette3
prefudice
Belloc 1.
Thackeray 2
premonitions
Lincoln,A., 37
prescriptions
Brahms9
Lamb, Charles,3
Macready1
the
Presidency,
Coolidge12,24
GeorgeV 3
presidents.Seealso elections,
politicians
Adams,J., l-2
Buchanan 2
Carter 3
Cleveland1
Coolidge2I
Eisenhower4
Fillmore L
Garfield L
Hoover 5
Kennedyr
l. F., 3, 7, t4
Lincoln,A., 13r 32
Longworth L
Lowell, Abbott Lawrence,1
McKinley 1
Nixon 34,9
Oppenheimer3
Reagan4
Reed2
Roosevelt,F. D., 1, 5-6
Ruth L
Seward
'W.L
H., 2
Taftr
Thomas,N., L
L, 5
Truman'$(/.,
3
Wilson,
press,the. Seealso
journalists
Russell,Bertrand,5
pride
MichelangeloL
Plato 3
Tecumseh1
priorities
Stein7
prison
Asoka L
Curley 1

r N D E X O F SU B J E C T S

pnsoners
Bader 1

Devalera
3

Maria Fdorovna1
FrederickII 2, 4
Gandhi, I., I
Gordon, G., 1
Richard I 1
'
voltair. 1
!(lilde 14
prisonersof war
Perot 1
Stuart 1
privacy
Barrie7
Emerson4
John XXIII 7
Steinbeck,J., 1
Stimson1
prizes.Seealso awards;honors;
Nobel Prize
Greene2
problems_
_
Lloyd George3
procrastination
Augustine1
Falla 1
productivity
DionysiusII 1
professionalstatus
Ross5
promiscuity.Seealso infideliry;
love affairs; mistresses;
sex
Arnould 4
Lenclos1, 4
Musset 1
Parker,D., 8, 12
promises
Coppde1
Reynolds1
promotions
FrancisI 1
Magruder 1
Ross2
prompters
Rehan1
pronunciation
Bottomley 1
propaganda
Halsey1
prophecy
Agrippina 1
Aidan 1
Caesar3
Cardano 1
Collins, M., 1.
Constantine(the Great) |
Croesus1
Emerson9

738
Goethe 1

fi:ili ry 1
Kailio 1
Louis XI 1
Newton 3, 9
rUyells
2
ProPosltlons
Nabokov 2
palewski1
Rachel1
Susann2
Thurber 5
propriety
Bin-durionl
Edward VII 3
parker, D., 4
Trollop, 4., I
Twain-18
Ustinov 1
proselytizing
Chesterfie-ld3
prosperity
Hicht 1
prostitutes
Baldwin,S., 3
Bolingbrokel
Chaliipin 1
Freud 1
Guimond 1
Hundley 3
Laboucherel
Mitford, N., I
'W.r
Mizner,
s
Parker,D., 9
PerelmanL
Ross1
Russell,Bill, 1
!7ilde 16
protocol
Busby 1
Edward VII 10
Kingsale1
Laird 1
provincialism
AdenauerL
Thoreau5
prudery
Blume 1
Johnson,S., 4
Khrushchev6
Parker,D., 14
Sterne1
Trollop, F., I
pseudonyms
Sharp 1
psychiatrists
Williams 1
psychoanalysis

Gershwin,G., 2
psychology
Beerbohm3
Galen 1
public appearances
Coolidge23
public image
Gandhi,M., 1,3
publicity
Bernhardt 7
publishers
Balzac 3
Burke 1
Byron 4
Campbell,T., L
Churchill,W., n
Cocteau5
Coleridge1
Fielding L
Hugo 1
Johnson,S.,3
Milton 1
publishing
Carnegie4
punctuality
Churchill,W., 4
Lamb, Charles,2
Palmerston1
punctuation
Fiske 1
Maria Fddorovna1
Sheridar,R. B., LL
punishment
Augustus6
Bottomley 2
Chapman,John, I
Chapman,John Jay, I
Cibber 1
FredericktU7illiam| 2
Hatto 1
Milton 2
Raleigh5
Russell,J., 3
Stubbs,
J., 1
'Webster,
D., 3
Xerxes2
puns
Addison 1
Arlen 2
Asquith,M., 1
Auber 3
BaconL
Booth,J. B.r 2
Brown 2
Bruce 1
Caesar5
Cardozo L
Carolineof Brunswick2
Chase,S. P., L

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

739
Choate 7
Churchill, W., 39
Clark 1
Clive 1
Coke 1
Coward 8
Cooper,D., 2
Dennis 2
Disraeli 5
Erskine,T., 2
Galbraith 1
GeorgeV 5
Gielgud 2
Gilbert, Itr. S., 1, 7-8
Gogarty L
Grote 1.
Gunther l-2
Holmes,J.r 2
Huxley, A.r 2
Jerrold 2
Kac 1
Kelvin 2, 5
Lamb, CharlesrT
Lear 4
Lillie 2
Lincoln, A., 3
Mahafty 2
Mencken2
Milnes 1
Morley, C., 1
Napier 1
Norbury 3
Norton L
Palmerston2
Parker,D., 7, 9
Perelman1
Rabelais2
Riley 1
Rodgers2
Roosevelt,F. D., 3
Russell,G. W., 1
Shaftesbury2
3
Shakespeare
Shaw,l.r Z
Trilling L
Whistler 18
Zangwill 3-4
Quakers
Cope 1
Dalton 1
Fox, G., 1
Waln L
quarrels.Seearguments
quotations
Porson2
races
Simenon1

racism
Ashe 1
Blake,E., 1
Disraeli 1
Douglass1
Dumas pire 3
Everett 1
Horne 1
Jessel2
Kennedy,J. F., 11
Lee, R. E., 5
Louis, I.r 2
Seward1
Smith, 8., 1
Truth 1
Virchow 2
radio
Kaufman 22
rain
Sainte-Beuve1
Twain 9
rank
Napoleonl7
Paley 1
rationalism
Paine2
Talleyrand12
rationalists
Pompadour1
reading
CervantesSaavedra1
Cooper,Gary, 2
Franklin 7
Stout 1
Walpole 2
real estate
Astor, I.r 2
Hecht 1
realism
Goldsmith 1
John, A., 1
O'Toole 1
Ouida 1
Picasso5
Renoir 1
Trollope,A.r 2
reassurance
Columbus1
Twain 9
rebukes
Apelles2
Rivarol 1
recitals
Rosenthal1
recklessness
Caesar4
recluses
Barnesl-z
recognition.Seealso identi-

fication; mistaken
identity
Braque 1
Cagney1
Copland 1
Drew L
Gosse1
Irving L
Lillie 8
Marx, G.r 7
Michelangelo1
Mitchell 1
Vhitelaw 1.
recommendations
I7ashington 10
reconciliations
Byrd 1
FrederickII 7
Gainsborough2
Lonsdale1
Parker,D., 5
Sudermann1
Victoria 7
records
Hundley 2
recovery
Brownitg, E. 8., 1
Reagan3
references
Woollcott 2
refusals
Porson5
Sherman3
regulations
ElizabethII 2
rehearsals
Barrie 4
Blech 1
Chaliapin2
'trl
Coward 2-3r 8,
4
Handel 2,
Massenet1.
Parker,D., 11
Toscanini1-2 r 7-8, l0
Tree 5
Voltaire 2
reigns (terms of office)
Cicero 3
reincarnation
$thagoras 1
rejections
Alembert 1
Diogenes7
Dickens4
Disraeli 8
Glyn 1
Palewski1
Shaw,G. 8., 2
Ifilson, E., 1

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

740
rejoinders
Churchill, W., 7
relatives.See alsofamily
Elman 3
John XXIII 2
Johnsotr,L. 8., d
Molnilr 7
relaxation
Eliot, T. S., 6
relics
Beuno 1
religion
Adler 1
Allen, E., 1
Belloc 1
Bufruel1
Churchill,'Sf.,rc
Coleridge 4
Cranmer I
Cyrus of Panopolisl
Darrow 3
Davies,E., 1
Detourbey1
Diderot 1
Doyle 2
Elisaberh1
Erasmus1
Fields5
Gide 1
Henry lV 2
Hill, R., 1
Hitchcock 7
Huxley, T. H., 1
Jacksotr,T. J.r 2
Kennedy,J. F., 7
Kinglake 1
Lincoln,A., 9
Laplacel-2
Melbourne 2-3
Montecuccoli 1
Mugnier 1
Paine2
Servetus1
Shaftesbury1
Smith,A. E., 1
Talleyrand3, 12
Warburton 1
Waugh 5
Wilkes 2
Zangwill 2
religiousbelief
Rubinstein,Arthur, 3
Talleyrand12
religiousconversion
Asoka 1
Christina 1
Chwolson 1
Eddy 1
Gregory I 1

Henry IV z
Mugnier 3
remedies
Trollope 4
Twain 22
remorse
Cromwell 4
renovations
Thurber 1
repertoire
Thibaud 1
reporters.Seejournalists
reprisals
Thalbergl
reputation'
Arnould 2
Caesar2
Cicero 4
Goldwyn 15
Jacksofl,A., 1, s
Kreisler3
Per6n 1
Rockefeller,
J. D., Jr., 1,
Rodgers1
T7hitman 1
resemblance,
physical.Seealso
appearance;mistaken
identity
'W.,
Churchill,
3L
Twain 20
resignations
Lloyd George5
respect
Burns3
responsibility
Truman 5
rest
NapoleonI 3
restaurants.Seealso dinners;
food
Berra 2
Feydeau2
Garland2
Pinza 1
Shaw,I., 1
r6sum6s
Campbell,Mrs. P., 2
retirement
Coolidge25
Copeland2
Walpole,R., 2
retorts
Thurlow L
retribution
Divine 2
Quin 1
revenge
Fleetwood
Hook 1

Ibn Saud1
Michelangelo3
Narv6ez1
Nilsson 1
PeterI 2
Sedley1
Toscanini5
Vanderbilt,C., 1
Voltaire 3
I7elles 1
reverence
Paderewski3
revolutionaries
BreshkovskayaI
Engels1
Franklin 3, 9
Paine1
Talleyrand 14
Trotsky 1
revolutions
Franklin 5
Lear 3
rewards
Xerxes2
Rhodesscholars
Rhodes4
rings
Raglan1
risks
Rabi 1
Fitzgerald, 2., I
rivalry
Bankhead10
Carnegie2
Godowskv 1
Goodm"rr,B., 1.
Greenwood1"
Heifetz 3
Hemingway6
Karsavina1
LehmannL
Napoleon,J. C. P., 1
NiarchosL
Pachmann2
Scott 1
rivals
Apelles1
Arlen 1
Brancusi1
CharlesV 1
Clay,H.r 2
Gibbon2
Goldwyn 8, 12
Lincoln,A., 1,1
Malibran 1
Mayer 2
Merman 1
Meyerbeer2
Nesbit 1

INDEX

741
Rosenthal 2
Rossini 1
Russell,Bill, 2
Sheridao,R. 8.r 72
Sudermann1
Zeuxis 1
rivers
FrederickVilliam IV 1
Queensberry1
Richelieu2
robbers/robbery. Seetheft/
thieves
robots
Reuther 1
romance
Baylis 1
Gershwin,G., 3
Rome
Nero 2
roosters
Guitry, L., 3
royalties
Jones,James,1
royalty
Albert 3
Alexander III 7
Angoulme 1
Armstrong, L., 2
Beecham,Sir T., 9
Bernadotte 1
Bismarck6
Buckingham1
Caroline of Ansbach 1
Charles,Princer2
CharlesI (Austria) 1
CharlesII 6
CharlesX 1
CunninghameGraham 1
Disraeli5
Edward VII 2, 4-5, 10
Edward VIII 2-3
Eleanor of Aquitaine 1
ElizabethI 1
ElizabethII 34
Elizabeththe QueenMother
2-5,7-8
Euclid 1
Farouk I 1
FerdinandI (Austria) |
Fontenelle1
FrancisJosephl-2
Franklin 9
Georgell l-2
GeorgeV1,3,9
Howard, C., 1
Kingsale1
l*ar I
Leopold II I-2
LouisXIV t-2,8

Mansart 1
Marlborough,J. S. C., 1
Mtry, QueenConsort, l-z
Metternich,P., 1
Napoleon,E., 1.
OscarII 1
Patti L
Philip, Prince,14
Philip II 3
Philip V 1
Quin 1
4
Shakespeare
Victorit l, 3, 6-7, 12, 14
\WilliamI (Prussia)2
I7oollcott 5
Rubicon River
Caesar3
rudeness
AbernethyI-2
Barrie 7
Belloc3
Bernard 9
Churchill,R. F. E. S., 3
Goering 1
I7augh 2, 5
rumors
Davis 1
Russell,Bertrand, 5
runners
Nurmi 1
Russia
Pushkin1
Russianlanguage
Romanoff 2
Russians
Tennyson7
ruthlessness
NapoleonI 11
Sabbath,the
Jacksor,T. J.r 2
sabotage
Brooks,M., 1
sacraments
Mugnier 2
sacrifice
Edward VII 2
Grassini1
Louis XVI 3
Nelson 1
Oates 1
Sidney1
sailing
Knox-Johnston1
sailors
Gilbert, H., 1
Marshall, H., 1
Nelson 1
saints

OF SUBJECTS

Beuno 1
du Deffand 1
Francisof Assisi1
salaries. See alsofees
Alcott, A. B., 1
Alexander III 3
Anderson2
Borge 3
Churchill, If., 8
Coward 2
Dale 1
Doyle 1
Fontanne1"
Garbo 1
Georgelll 2
Gershwin,G., 5
Goldwyn 2l
Gomez 1
Henry, O.r Z
Howells 2
Kennedy,J. F., 14
Lamar L
Martin L
Marx, G., 1
Northcliffe 1
Rochefoft2
Russell,Bill, 2
Ruth 1
Sargent,J. S., 1
Talleyrand2
Thurber 2
I7ilder 4
Ziegfeld 1
salvation
Allen, E., 1
SalvationArmy
Bankhead7
Samaritans
Varah 1
sanatoriums
Parker,D.r 2l
sanity
MuggeridgeL
sarcasm
Campbell,Mrs. P., 3
Cowl 1
Ellenborough1
scenery
Knox, R., 2
Mahler 1
schedules
Ford, J., 1
scholars.Seealso academics
AvempaceI
Gaisford 1
Goethe5
Housman L
Lewis, C. S., 2
Mahaffy I

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

scholars (continued)
Pope,Alexander,2
Porson2, 5
Routh 2-3
Whewell 2
schools. Seealso education;
universities
T^f!, H. D., I
sclenusts
Archimedes1-2
Avery 1
Baeyer1
Baker, I(/., 1
Beerbohm5
Bohr 1
Chaplin I
Cockcroft 1
Cuvier 1
Darwin, C., I
Eddington 1
Einstein2-5, 8-10, t2-13,
1 5 - 1 5 ,l g
Faraday1
Fermi 1
Fleming,A., 1
Huxley, T. H., 1
Kekul6von StradonitzI
Kelwin 2-3
Kirchoff I
Laplace l-2
Lavoisier1
Millikan 1
Newtotr 1, 416-7r 9,ll-12
Oppenheimer3
Pringle 1
Schcinbein1
Smith,S., 1.1
Szent-Gyorgi1
Whitehead2
Scotland
Johnsor,S., 11-13
Scottish,the
Wilkes 4
screenwriters
Cohn 3
scripts
Evans,E., 5
Tracy 1
sculptors
Donatello 1
Emerson5
Epstein 1
Faillidres1
Gandhi,M., 4
Michelangelo14, 4,7
Renoir 214
Taft, L., 1
sculpturc. Seealso statues
Garrick 1

742
Ghiberti 1
Giorgione I
Guggenheim1
Renoir214
sea
Napoleon,E., 1
seatravel
Philip, Prince,l
seances
Vanderbilt,C., 3
seasickness
Cardozo 1
Cooper,D., 2
secretaries
La Guardia2
Napoleon I 5
secretiveness
Mehmed II 1
secrets
Wellington 2
security
Anderson 2
Thoreau3
seduction
Dali 1
Divine 1
Dumas fils I
Holliday 1
Inchbald 1
Korda 4
Scholl3
Shakespeare
2
self-defense
Cope 1
self-importance
Acheson3
Ali 2-3
Chateaubriand1
Comte L
Goering 1
Haley 1
Joyce,James,2
Labouchere2, 4
Lunt 1
Nero 3
Northcote 1
Oldfield 1
Paley1
self-improvement
Holmes,O. W., Ir.r 9
self-knowledge
de Gaulle4
selflessness
Confucius2
Oates1
self-ridicule
Churchill,W., 15
semantics
Tooke 1

senility
Swift 5
sensadonalism
Hearst 1
Troy 1
serendipiry
Haydn 1
Poussin1
Sargent,J. S., 4
sermons
Allen, E., I
Bossuet1
Canning2
Coolidge1
Cyrus of Panopolis1
Maury 1
Parr 2
Smith,S., 9
Spurge
on Z
Swift 4
Iilesley 2
servants
Carter 2
Chamberlain,
A.,2
Churchill,R. F. E. S., 2
Churchill,W., 40
Diogenes3
Dunsay1
Fairbanks2
Hoffmann 1
Lawrence,T. E., 3
Marx, G., 1
Morgatr,J. P., Jr., 3
Offenbach1
Rubinstein,Anton, 1
Sheridar,R. 8., 4
Szell1
sex.Seealso infideliry; love affairs; lovers;mistresses;
prostitutes
AlexanderVI 1
Ali s
Arnould 4
Aumale5
Balzac 6
Bernhardt5
Bolingbroke1
Carter 1
Charlesll 4
Clark, A. C., 1
Coolidge9
Coward 10
De Valera 1
Dumasfils 4
Fields1
Foote 5
Freud 1
Holliday 1
Hugo 2

INDEX

743
Johnson,5.,24
Landers3
Langtry 1
Lenclosl, 4
Lyndhurst 1
Mathilde 2
Musset L
Nabokov 2
Parker,D., 1, 7-8, t2
PetroniusL
Raleigh4
RichelieuL
Thurber 5
Victoria 8
8
Voltaire
'West,
M., 1
I7ilson, Harol d, 2
sex appeal
Hayes,H.r 2
sex education
Aubernon3
sex symbols
Hayworth 1
sexism
Astor, N., 1
Atkinson 1
Beecham,Sir T., 3
Bronte 2
ElizabethII 2
Fuseli 1
Hellman 1
JamesI 3
Johnson,S., 18
Labouchere3
Livermore 1
Luce,C. 8., 2
Stanton,E. C., 1
shabbiness
Chanel 2
Coleridge6
shadows
Brown, J., 1
Gosse1
sharing
AlexanderIII 9
Confucius2
Sidney1
shaving
Macaulay 4
Piccard1
Shaw,G. 8., 13
shellshock
Patton 1
ships
Lawrence,J., 1
William II 1
shipwreck
Gilbert, H., 1
shoes

Chanel2
Julius III 1
Nilsson 4
shyness
Addison 1
Durante L
Firbank 1
Twain 11
Wodehouse2
signs
Parker,D.r 2
Wilkes 3
silence
Chesterton5
Copeland 1
Emerson3
Macaulay 3
Marceau 1
simplicity
Laughton2
Santayana I
sincerity
Foch 5
Mirabeau 3
sinecures
Robinson,E. A.r 2
singers/singing.
Seealso composers;conductors;
muslclans
Beecham,
Sir T., 14, 16
Bing 1
Caruso34
Chaliapin1, 3
Cherubini2
Durante 4
Faur6 1
Fitzgerald,E., 1
Foote 3
Galiani 1
Galli-Curci 1
Gatti-C asazzaI
Grassini1
Handel 2-3
Haydn 4
Horne L
Joyce,James,4
Lehmann1.
McCormack 1.
Martinelli 1
Melba 2
Merrill l-2
Molndr 8
Nilsson 14
Pinza1
Rossini34
Sargent,M, 2
Schumann-Heink
2
Sills1
Sinatra1

OF SUBJECTS

Tetrazzini 1
ToscanimT
Truman 2
single-mindedness
Einstein13
Gauss2
Nabokov 1
Olivier 2
Pope,Arthur Upham, 1
Russell,Bertrand,2
Morel 1
sins
Coolidge 1
Luther 1
Teresaof Avila 1
skeptics,religious
du Deffand 1
Grant,U. S., 10
Kinglake 1
slavery
Anthony 1
Aristippus 1
Carlyle 3
Henson 1
Phillips I-z
Sedgwick,T., 1
Seward1
Stowe l-2
sleep
Albert 1
Buffalmacco1
Clurman 2
De Moivre 1
Devonshire1
Hitchcock 4
Molndr 1
Sandburg1
I7arner 3
sleeping
Rubinstein,Anton, 2
Schnabel3
Wesley2
slogans
Reagan1
slowness
Shaw,I., 1
slums
Churchill, lUf.,3
smoking
Arnim 1
Baum 1.
Beecham,Sir T., 5
Bernhardt9
Borge 1
Brahms10
De Valera 3
Edison,T., 2
Edward VII 3
Freud2

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

744
smoking (continued)
Haeseler1
Hammeft4
Martinelli 1,
Metternich 1
Molndr 8
Napoleon III 1
Raleigh3
Steinmetz I
Tennyson9
Twain 17
Victoria 10
smugglers,smuggling
Arno 1
Marx, C.r 2
snails
Shaw,I., 1
snakes
Chapman,John, l-z
snobbery
Belmont 1
Bing 7
Bowen,L., I
Brummell 8
Cartland 1
Churchill, W., 3
Coote 1
Curran 3
Dumas pire 3
Duveen I
Gardner,I. 5.r 2, 4
Gilbert, W. S., 7
Iphicrates1
Jefferson,T., 4
Josephll 2
Lawrence,T. 8., 3
Lewis, C. S., 3
Lieven 1
Lincoln,A., 15
Marx, G., 4
Poole 1
Pope,Alexander,3
Sackville-West1
Schnab
el 2
Selwyn4
Tennyson 1
Thackeray2
Thiers 1
Vesey 1
West, R., 3
Whistler 3
snoring
Duse2
snubs
Blessington1
Brummell 3
Byron 3
Churchill, W., 2
Cicero 2

Dumasfils I
FerdinandI 1
Firbank 2
Kemble,F., 1
Lillie 3
Marx, G.r 7
Picasso14
Selwyn4
Shaw,G. 8., 2
Taylor, L., I
\trTellington10
'W.,
lfilson,
s
socialclass
Angoul6me1
social-climbing
Edward VII 2
Gilbert,S7.5.,7
socialism
Carnegie3
Shaw,G. 8., 5
soldiers
Augustus2
Brooks,M., L
Butler,B. F., 2
Cambridge1
Cambronne1
Eisenhower1
FrederickII 1, 5, 8
Gordon,J. 8., 1
Grant, LJ.S., 2
Grenfell 1
Hay I
Hemingway 5
Henri IV 1
Jackson,T. J., 3
Landers3
Lincoln,A., l, l4r 2l-23,
29
Louis,J. E., 2
MacArthur, D., 1
Menshikov 1
Montague 1
NapoleonI 11
Patton 1
Peard 1
Pitt 1
Ross2
Sedgwick,J., 1
Sidney1
Stark 1
Summerall1
SuvorovL
Thackeray3
Thomas,E., 1
Washington3, 6-7
I7ellington 4-5
Wolfe 1
solicitation
Erskine,T., 1

songs
Grant,U. S., l1
Lincoln,A., 17
RichardI 1
sophistication
Cooper,Gary, I
SouthPole
Oates1
speakers
Churchill,W., 32
Mosley 1
speeches
Berra4
Burke 2, 4
Chamberlain,J., l,
CharlesIl 7
Chesterton3
Choate 3-4
Churchill,W., 15,32
Clay, H., 1
Coolidge8, 19
de Gaulle3
Demosthenes
2
Depew 1
De Val era2
Disraeli2
Evarts L
Foote L
Garfield 1
Heggen1
Henri IV 4
Herbert 1
Kelland 1
MacDonald 1
Madison 1
Newton 8
Nixon lr 4
Pope,Arthur Upham, 1
Reagan4
Roosevelt,T., 5
Sheen3
Sheridan,R. 8., 9-10
Smith,F. 8., 5
Swanson1
Untermeyer1
I7ise 1
speechwriters
Johnsor,L. 8., 5
spelling
FavrasL
Fielding2
Rachel2
Sellers2
spiders
Robert I 1
spiderwebs
Fleming,I., 1
spies/spying
Esposito1

745
Hale 1
Kissinger1
Onassis1
spiritualism
Doyle 24
Vanderbilt, C., 3
Yeats L
spiritualists
Mayo I
sPontanelty
Smith, F. E., 5
spoonerisms
Spoonerl, 4
sports.See alsoathletes;sqecific sports
Eliot, E. V., 2
Shaw,G. 8., 15
sportsmanship
Budge 1
Caligula 1
Hobbs 1
Louis XIV 7
sportswriters
Rice 1
Ruth 4
spring
Santayana 2
stagefright
Casals2
Cibber 1
Heggen1
stamp collecting
GeorgeV 2
stamps
CharlesFrancisJosePh1
stargazing
Thales3
starvation
Hemingway 1
statesmen.Seealso diPlomats;
politicians;presidents
Gandhi,M., 1, 3
Talleyrand 14-15
statues. Seealso sculptures
Cato 3
Donatello
Hideyoshi1
Julius II 1
Rogers,W., 2
Rossini10
Wellington 11
steadfastness
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 4
stock market
Morgan, J. P., Sr., 5
Stockbridge,Massachusetts
Sedgwick,C. M., 1
stockbrokers

INDEX

Travers 2
stoicism
Epictetus1
stomachache
Ruth 2
storms
Caesar4
Oates1
storytellers
Melville 1
Twain 13
strategy
Shaw,V., 1
Smith,F. E., 1
streakers
Niven 1
strife
Azeglio 1
strikes
Davis 1
Goldberg2
Gould 1
Welles2
stubbornness
Clernenceau9
Garbo 1
students
Atkinson 1
Bunsen1
Cohen 1
GeorgeIII 4
Harris, G., 1
Hutchins 3
James,W., 1
Jefferson,T., 9
Kac 1
Livermore L
Mascagni1
Oppenheimer1
Piatigorsky 1
Plato 1
Reagan1
Rossini5
Thurlow L
Truman 6
Untermeyer2
Ustinov 2
stunts
Brodie,S., 1
stutterers
Bennett,A., 3
Carleton 1
Darwin, E., 1
Davies,M., 1
Lamb, Charles,317
Maxwell 1
submarines
Fulton 1
success

OF SUBJECTS

Bialik 1
Darrow 5
Getty 1
Hagen 1
Hammerstein1
Hoover 1
Liberace1
Muir 1
Rutherford 1
Stoppard1
successors
Jefferson,T., 3
suckers
Coolidge14
SuezCanal
Khrushchev2
suffragists.Seealso women's
rights
Labouchere3
suicide
Antisthenes2
Arria 1
Augustus6
Boulangr,G., 1
Cardano 1
Charondas1
Chatterton 1
Coward 9
Hannibal I
Lenclos4
Nero 3
Nerval 2
Vatel 1
Wells 3
I7ylie 1
superstition
Bohr 1
Brownirg, R., 3
Campbell,D., 1
Columbus3
Frith 1
Mazarin 2
Pericles1
Thales 1
tUfilliamI L
surrender
Allen, E.r 2
Cambronne1
Grant, IJ. S., 3
McAuliffe I
Pltain 2
suspense
Hitchcock 5
swearing
Churchill, \Uf.,45
Greeley3
Nixon 3
Truman 3
Twain 5

746

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

Swedenborgians
Paine2
swimming
Shelley,P. B., 2
Taft 3
symbols,phallic
Freud2
symbols,power
Cromwell 2
symbols,religious
Francisof Assisi 1
sympathy
'W.r
z
James,
Kaufman2l
syntheticfibers
Philip, Prince,5
taciturnity
Abernethy 5
Coolidge2, 4, 6-7, 10,22
Dirichlet 1
MeurisseL
tact
Boileau4
Corot L
Disraeli9-10
Einstein6
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 5
GeorgeM
IsabeyI
Marquand 3
Mastroianni I
Per6n 1
Sitrvell,8.,2
Sinvell
, G.,2
Tree 5
tactlessness
Garner 1
Khrushchev2
talent
Bernstein,H., I
Boulangr,N., 1
Gershwin,G., 4
Stravinsky5
talkativeness
Archelaus1
Babbage2
Bankhead4
Bismarck5
Boussuet1
Chesterton3
Clay, H., 1
Coleridge3
de Gaulle 3
De Valera4
Einstein1
Guitry, L., 1
Lamb, Charles,8

Macaulay3
Maury 1
Parker,D., 5
Raynal 1
Roosevelt,T., 5
Saarinen1
Swanson1
Swift 2
tanks
Churchill, W., 5
tantrums
Nilsson 1
Tarzan
'l7eissmuller
l-2
taste
Howells 1
tattoos
Bernadotte1
tax collectors
Voltaire 13
taxes
Victor AmadeusII
Baldwin 1
Buchwald I
Capone1
Devonshire2
Faraday1
Godiva 1
Kemble,C., I
Louis XIV 5
NapoleonIII 1
Rogers,'W.,4
Ross8
Swift 5
Vespasian2
taxis
Burnett 1
Cobb 2
Heyerdahl 1
Huxley, T. H.r 2
Lillie 1
tea
Asquith,H., 1
teachers
Aquinas 1
Barr 1
Boulangr,N., 1
Busby1
Grange2
Humphrey 2
James,W., 2
KasnerL
Kelvin 1, 5
Kieran 1
Knox, R., 3
Leschetizky1
Michelet i
Pater 2
Piatigorsky 1

Rossini5
Santayana2
Schnabel1
Smith,F. E., L
Untermeyer2
teaching
Heifetz 5
Steinbeck3
technology
Ruskin 3
teeth
Cope 1
teetotalers.Seealsodrinkirg;
drunkenness
Bryan 1
Churchill,W., 45
Cook 1
Croll 1
Hayes,R. B., I
Whistler 7
telegrams
Elman 2
Morse L
Sellers1
Thibaud 2
Thomson,G., 1
tU7augh3
telephones
Degas1
Levant 2
Parker,D., 14
telescopes
GeorgeIII 1
Kaufman 2l
television
Silverman1
televisionpersonality
Carson2
temper
Beethoven 4
Bolt 2
Campbell, Mrs.
Landor 1
Macmillan 1
temperance. See teetotalers
tempo
Rosenthal l, 4
Ten Commandments

Belloc2
Campbell,Mrs.
Clemenceau8
Twain 5
territories
Sherman1.
Texas
Sheridar,P.
tennis
Budge1
Kiner 1

747
thanks
Thorpe 1
theater. Seealso actors and actresses;rehearsals
Alexander,George,L
Allais 2
Barrie 5
Baylis2
Bing 8
Brady 1
Churchill,'W.,29
Cohan 1
Cooper,Gladys,1
Courtneidge1
Coward 1-3, 5-8, ll
Daudet 1
Dennis L
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 7
Gilbert,W. S., 9
Kaufman7-8
Kemble,J. P., 1
Klopfer 1
O'Neill 2
Parker,D., 11
Rehan1
Reinhardt 1
Rodgers2
Shaw,G. 8., 5
Terry I-2
Ustinov L
ITilde 5
theaters
Bancroft I
theatricalproducersand
directors
Cohan 1
Hawtrey 1
Tree 1, 5
theft/thieves
Benny5
Bing 7
Cane L
Churchill, If., 33
Duval 1
Freud 3
threats
Columbus3
Grey 2
Handel 3
Henry, C., 1
Inge 1
Johnson,A., 1
Keppel L
Marx, G., 10
Philip rl 2
Rogers, W., 2
Shaw,G.8.r 22
Vise 1

INDEX

thunder
Dennis1
tigers
Confucius1
timing
Goldberg2
tipping
Harris, J., 1
KeynesL
Levant 5
Rothschild1
Szell1
tips
Alvanley 1
Bennett,J. G., 3
Butler,S., 1
titles
AlengonL
torrure
PeterI 1
toupees.Seewigs
tourists/tours
Benchley 2
Cook 1
Coolidge6-7, 25
Kemble,F., 1
traffic
Thomson,J., 1
Victoria t4
trains
Churchill, W., 4
Grainger 1
Joad L
Roosevelt,T., Jr., 1
traitors
Fouchd2
Hughes 1
transcendentalists
Peabody1
translations
Aubign6 1.
Eliot, J., 1
Este1
Pope,Alexander,l-z
Thurber 5
travel
Alexander,S., I
Armstroog,N., 2
Columbus1
Cooper,Gary, L
Moln6r 5
Thoreau 6
treason
Beaumont 1
Gerard L
Harrisofl, B. ("Signer"), 1
treaties
Clemenceau 8
George V 5

OF SUBJECTS

Kallio 1
trees
Faulkner 4
trials
Burke 4
Carolineof Brunswick2
Darrow 3
JamesI 1.
Julian L
Landru 1
Mansfield 1
Philip II 1
Rockefeller,W., 1
tributes. See als;oawards;
honors
Cushman1
Gehrig2
Holmes,O. W., Sr.,4
Rossetti2
Rossini1.0
Toscanini5
tricks
Cole 1.
Edison2
Gilbert,V. S., 2
Johnsoo,L. B., 5
Korda 4
Pope,Alexander,L
Putnam L
Queensberry2
Rubinstein,Anton, 2
Scott 1
Talleyrand1
Thales4
trivia
Ford, H., 4
trophies
Frisco2
trust
AlexanderIII 5
Fagiuoli 1
Perugino1
rrurh
12
Newton
'sfashington
1
nvins
Piccard 1
tyrants
Asoka 1
Seneca1
ugliness
Churchill, \Uf.,38
Conti 1
Giotto 3
HeideggerL
Hogarth 1
North 1

INDEX

OF SUBJECTS

underdogs
Richard I 2
Chamberlain,W., 1
victory
understatement
Caesar5
Ruth 2
Forrest 1.
undertakers
Fraguier I
Arne L
Henry IV 1
underwear
Ibrahim 1
Faisal1
John III Sobieski1
Lowell, Amy, 3
Kiner 1
Montagu 1
NapoleonI 10
unemployment
Pyrrhus 1
Giraudoux 1
villains
unions
Lytton I
Cohan 2
virtues
rU(elles2
Joyce,
'!fest, James,I
United Nations
M., I
Austin, V., 2
visions
SpaakL
Blake,W., 3
universities.Seealso academics;
Constantine(the Great) 1
scholars;students
Swedenborg1
Eliot, C. V., 1
voters
Hutchins 2
Fox, C. J., 5-5
unpopularity
Stevenson,
A. 8., 2
Van Buren 1.
ITilkes 1
upstaging
voyeurs
Cowl 1
Godiva 1
urination
'Sf.,
Churchill,
27,37
wagers.Seebets
urns
wages.Seesalaries
Lewis,S., 5
waiting
Einstein3
vacations
Goldberg1
Brandeis1
Thalbergl-2
Lloyd George3
ITales
value
Johnson,S., 9
Picasso
3,7-9
waiters
vanity. Seeconceit;selfShaw,I., I
importance
war, warfare.Seealso battles;
vegetarians
military leaders;military
Barrie 8
strategy;soldiers
Murray, Gilbert, 1"
BosquetL
Schweitzer2
Capa 1
Shaw,G. 8., 7-8
Clemenceau7
Singer1
Cunard 1
Stravinsky13
Drake l-2
vengeance
Farragut 1
Gould 2
Foch 3
Venice
Forgy 1
Benchley 2
Forrest 1
verbosity . Seetalkativeness
FrancisII 1
veterinarians
FrederickII 1, 3, 5
Otto L
Gabin 1
vice presidents'
Garrod 1.
Clay, H., 5
Goethe 1
Grant, U. S., 3-6
Jefferson,T., 4
Marshall, T. R., 2
Grey 1
Roosevelt,T., 2
Halsey 1
vices
Hearst 1
NapoleonIII 1
Holmes,O.

748
Kennedy,I. F., 1
Lee, R. E., 1.
Lloyd,G.,2
Lobengula1
Lowell, Amy, 4
NapoleonI 9
NapoleonIII 3
Nelson 5
Patton 1
Peard 1
Philip,J. W., I
Picasso5
Pyrrhus 1
Rivera 1
Sherman1
ThomaS,E., 7
Ifashington 2
Waugh 4
IToollcott L
War of the Worlds
Barrymore,J., 8
warnings
Caesar9
Servetus1
watches
Tree 2
ITaterloo
Montgomery,B. L., 3
wealth. Seealso millionaires
Astor, J., 1
Bryan 3
Getty 2
Hearst 2
Hemingway4
Kennedy,J. F., 4
Morgatr,J. P., Jr., I
Muir 1
Plato 3
Rothschild1
Sargent,J. S., 1
Thales2
Travers 2
Vanderbilt,W.
Woollcott 4
weapons
Adams,A. A.,
Charondas1
weather
Eden,'W.,1
Lawrence,T. E.r 4
Partridge2
Sheridar,R.
Smith,S., 5
Swift 5
weddings
Skinner,O.,
whispering
Pater 2
White House

rNDEX OF SUBJECTS

749
Kaufman 17
widowers
William III 1
widows
Alexandra 1
Benny 5
Parker,D., 17
Richelieu3
wigs
Morley, C., 1
will power
Marquis 1
wills (inheritlnces)
Fugger1
Lenclos5
Menotti 1
Rabelais3
Rhodes4
Rubinstein,Arthur, 1
Sheridar,R. B., 13
Sophocles1
Stevenson,R. L., I
wine
Brahms5
Brillat-Savarin1.
Charlemagne1
Cicero L
Cook L
Evarts 2
Fugger 1
Joyce,James,9
Kelly, M., 1
Langrishe1
Sheridar,R. 8., 1
wishes
Roosevelt,F. D., 1
wit
Churchill, W., 3, 8
Foote 2
Rogers,S., 2
Wordsworth 3
witches
Mansfield 1
Parker,D., L0
witnesses
Smith,F. E., 4
wives. Seealso marriage
Allen, E., 3
Arria 1
Beecham,Sir T., 5
Beckett 2
Butler, S., 5
Byrd 1
Cadbury |
Carolineof Brunswick3-4
Catherineof Aragon 1"
Darwin, C., 2
de Gaulle 1
Dewey,Mrs. T. 8., L

EinsteinL1-12, 17
Gelon 1
GeorgeIII 3
GeorgeV 8
Gladstone2
Goldwyn 22
Guitry, S., L-2
Heine 2
Holmes,F. D, 1-3
Kreisler 4
Lardner 3
Levant4
Mankiewicz 3
Parker,Q., 1
Somerset1
Susann2
Truman 3
Twain 5
Victoria 9
Iferfel 1
women
Twain 21
women'srights. Seealso
feminism
Anthony 1
Churchill, W., 7
Labouchere3
words
Greeley4
Shaw,G. 8., 2
Thurber 4
Tosti 1
Webster,N., 1
work. Seealso employment;
manual labor
Brandeis1
Darrow 5
Emerson 1,
Evans,A., 1
Gershwin,G., 3
Harriman 1
Johnsotr,L. B., 3
Kennedl, J. F., 4
Napoleon I 3
wrinkles
Elizabeththe Queen
Mother 9
writers. Seealso iournalists;
playwrights; poets
Abercrombie1
Adams,F. P., 4
Addison 2
Allen, F., 4
Anderson2
Arlen 1
Aym6 1
Balzac3, 5-7
Beckett l-2
Behan2

Belloc 4
Benchley15
Bennett,A., l-z
Bernard 12
Berra 3
Boileau l-z
Bront 2
Browning, R., 1
Buckley2
Butler, S., 2
Byron 4
Cabell 1
Campbell,T., I-2
Carlyle 1
Carroll, J., 1
Carroll, L., 1
Chaplin 3
Cocteau4-5
Cohn 3
Coleridge2
Colette 1
Congreve 1
Coolidge7
Cooper, Garyr 2
Courteline 1
Dana 1
Dickens 5
Disraeli12
Dodge 1
Dreiser 1
Dumas pire 2
Eliot, T. S., 3-8
Epstein 1
Erskine,J., 1
Evans,E., 3
Faulkner2-3, 5
Fielding 1
Fiagerald, F. S., 2
Flaubert 1
Foote 4
Gardner,E. S., 1
Gibbon 3
Glyn 1
Goethe 5
Goldsmith 1
Goldwyn6,9, 15, 18
Gray 1
Greene1
Hardy 1
Heggen 1
Hemingway 1-3
Holmes,O. T(/.,Jr.r4
Howells 1-2
Hugo 1, 5
Hume L
Inge 1
James,H., 4
James,W., 34
Jerrold 1

75 0

INDEX OF SUBJECTS

writers (continued)
Johnson,N., L
Johnsor,S.,3, 16
Joyce,James,t-2,5, 8, 10
Kipling 2
Koestler2
Lawrence,D. H., 1
Lenclos2
Lewis,S., 4
Lynon 1
McCullers L
Mann L
Marquand 1
Maugham 1
Melbourne4
Mencken L
Miller 1
Mizner,'W.,L4
Moore, G. A.r 4
Nabokov 2
O'Hara l-z
Ouida 1
Rochefort2

Russell,Bertrand,4
Salinger1
Scarron l-z
Scott 3
Sharp1
Sheen1
Sickert3
Simenon2
Sirwell,E., 1
Smith,L. P., L
Spillane1
Stal2
Stafford 1
Stein3
Stowe I-2
Talleyrand6
Thackeray3
Thoreau2
Thurber 2
Trollope, A., 3
Twain 12
I(harton 1
\Vilson, E., 1

IToollcott 3
Wordsworth 2
yachts
Cooper,D., 2
Morgatr,J. P., Jr., L
Travers2
Yale
O'Hara L
Parker,D.r 7
Yalta conference
Churchill, Ul., 22
Yiddish
Einstein10
Yom Kippur
Silverman1.
youth
AlexanderVI 1
Holmes,O. V., Jr., 8
zoology
Cuvier 1.
zoos
Darwin, C., 3

75r

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