Turkish Air Force

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Turkish Air Force
Trk Hava Kuvvetleri
Seal of the Turkish Air Force.svg
Emblem of the Turkish Air Force
Active
1911 (official claim)[1]
April 23, 1920 (as the Air Force Branch)[2]
January 31, 1944 (as the Turkish Air Force Command, corps scale)[3]
July 1, 1949 (as the Turkish Air Force Command, army scale)[4]
Country
Turkey
Type
Air Force
Role
Aerial warfare
Size
60,000 personnel[5]
668 aircraft[6]
Part of
Turkish Armed Forces
Headquarters
Ankara
Colors Grey, White & Blue
March Turkish Air Force March About this sound Play (helpinfo)
Anniversaries June 1[7]
Engagements
List of conflicts involving Turkey
War of Independence
Ararat Rebellion
Dersim Rebellion
Korean War
Battle of Tylliria
Invasion of Cyprus
Operation Provide Comfort
Operation Deliberate Force
Operation Northern Watch
Operation Allied Force
Operation Enduring Freedom
Operation Northern Iraq
Operation Sun
Iraq Cross-border Raids
Operation Martyr Yaln
Website
hvkk.tsk.tr/
Commanders
Commander
Gen. Abidin nal
Vice Commander Lt. Gen. Turgut Atman
Chief of Staff Lt. Gen. Mehmet anver
Insignia
Flag of Turkish
Air Force
Command
Flag of Turkish Air Force Command.svg
Roundel
TAF Roundel.svg
Fin flash
Flag of Turkey.svg
Aviator badge TuAF Aviation Badge.png
Aircraft flown
Bomber F-4E-2020 Terminator
Electronic
warfare
B-737 AEW&C, CN-235 EW

Fighter
F-16C/D
Helicopter
AS-532 UL/AL, UH-1H
Reconnaissance Anka, GNAT 750, Heron, Predator, RF-4E
Trainer
F-5F 2000, SF-260D, T-38M, KT-1T
Transport
A400M, C-130B/E, C-160T, CN235-100M, KC-135R
Turkish Air Force Components
Structure
Formations
History
History of the Air Force
Equipment
Modern aircraft
Modern weapons
v t e
Turkish Armed Forces Branches
Land Forces
Naval Forces
Air Force
Gendarmerie
Coast Guard
History
Military history
Special forces
Special Forces Command
1st Commando Brigade
Underwater Offence Group Command
Underwater Defence Group Command
Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command
Gendarmerie Special Operations Command
Member of
AFSOUTH
BLACKSEAFOR
EUBG
EUROCORPS
EUROGENDFOR
EUROMARFOR
LANDCOM
LANDSOUTHEAST
SHAPE
SNMG2
SNMCMG2
STRIKFORNATO
Black Sea Naval Force
Current overseas deployments and missions[8]

ALTHEA
CTPF
ISAF
KFOR
UNAMA
UNIFL
UNMIK
Operation Ocean Shield
v t e
The Turkish Air Force (Turkish: Trk Hava Kuvvetleri) is the aerial warfare servic
e branch of the Turkish Armed Forces. The Turkish Air Force can trace its origin
s back to June 1911 when it was founded by the Ottoman Empire,[9] however, the a
ir force as it is known today did not come into existence until 1923 with the cr
eation of the Republic of Turkey.[10]
The Turkish Armed Forces initiated a $160 billion (excluding the yearly military
budget) modernization program. $45 billion is earmarked to go to the overhaul o
f the Turkish Air Force. As part of this program, Ankara aims to commission new
combat aircraft (consisting of TAI TFX and Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II) an
d helicopters (consisting of heavy lift, attack, medium lift and light general p
urpose helicopters).
According to Flight International (Flightglobal.com) and the International Insti
tute for Strategic Studies, the Turkish Air Force has an active strength of 60,0
00 military personnel and operates approximately 668 manned aircraft (2014).[5][
6]
Contents
1 History
1.1 Initial stages
1.2 Inspectorate of Air Forces
1.3 Air Force Command
1.4 Turkish Air Force and NATO
1.5 Notable events
2 Equipment
2.1 Fighter and reconnaissance aircraft
2.2 Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft
2.3 Aerial refueling tanker aircraft
2.4 Military transport aircraft
2.5 Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
2.6 Satellites
3 Formation and structure
3.1 Commands
3.2 Squadrons
4 Insignia
5 Future of the Turkish Air Force
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
History
Initial stages
Main article: Ottoman Air Force
The history of Ottoman military aviation dates back to between June 1909 and Jul
y 1911.[11] The Ottoman flight squadrons participated in the Balkan Wars (1912191
3) and World War I (19141918).[2][12] The fleet size reached its apex in December

1916, when the Ottoman aviation had 90 active combat aircraft. Some early help
for the Ottoman Air Force came from the Imperial German Fliegertruppe (known by
that name before October 1916), with future Central Powers 13-victory flying ace
Hans-Joachim Buddecke flying with the Turks early in World War I as just one ex
ample. [13] The General Inspectorate of Air Forces (Kuva-y Havaiye Mfetti-i Umumilii
) trying to reconstruct itself on July 29, 1918 had no personnel, but only remai
ned as a title on paper.[2]
After the end of World War I and the occupation of the Ottoman Empire by the All
ies in 1919, some Turkish aviators tried to build new units in Istanbul, zmir, Ko
nya, Elaz and Diyarbakr with planes left over from World War I and tried to bring t
ogether flight personnel.[2] During the Turkish War of Independence, Turkish pil
ots joined the Konya Air Station (Konya Hava stasyonu). With the formation of the
Grand National Assembly (GNA) by Mustafa Kemal and his colleagues on April 23,
1920, in Ankara, and the reorganization of the army, the Branch of Air Forces (K
uva-y Havaiye ubesi) was established under the Office of War (Harbiye Dairesi) of
the GNA.[2] A few damaged aircraft belonging to the GNA were repaired, and after
wards used in combat.
On 1 February 1921, the Branch of Air Forces was renamed as the General Director
ate of Air Forces (Kuva-y Havaiye Mdriyet-i Ummiyesi) at Eskiehir and on 5 July 1922
reorganized as the Inspectorate of Air Forces (Kuva-y Havaiye Mfettilii) at Konya.[2
][14]
Inspectorate of Air Forces
After the proclamation of independence and sovereignty with the Treaty of Lausan
ne and the establishment of the Republic of Turkey on 29 October 1923, approache
s were made to form a modern Air Force. Originally consisting of 3 normal and 1
naval aviation units, and an air school, the number of units was increased to 10
normal and 3 naval aviation units.[15] Starting in 1924, personnel were sent ab
road for flight education.[15] In 1925 the Air School was reestablished in Eskieh
ir and its first students graduated in that same year.[15] The Inspectorate of A
ir Forces was reorganized as Underdecretariat of the Ministry of Defense in 1928
and new schools were found for non-pilot personnel.[15] Some personnel were sen
t to United Kingdom and France for training; others were sent to the United Stat
es and Italy in 1930.[15]
On July 1, 1932, air regiments were considered to be a separate combat arm and s
tarted training its own personnel.[15] The Turkish aviators began to wear blue u
niforms from 1933.[15]
Sabiha Gken became the first female fighter pilot in military history in 1937.[16]
Another key event in 1937 was the establishment of the Air War College (Hava Ha
rp Akademisi).[15]
Air Force Command
By 1940, Turkish air brigades had more than 500 combat aircraft in its inventory
, becoming the largest air force in the Balkans and the Middle East.[15] The gro
wing inventory of air brigades required another structural change, which was mad
e in 1940.[15] The Air Undersecretariat under the Ministry of National Defense f
or logistical affairs and the General Staff for educational affairs were united
to form the Air Force Command (Hava Kuvvetleri Komutanl) in 1944.[15] Thus, the Air
Force became a separate branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.[17] The first Comma
nder of the Turkish Air Force was General Zeki Doan.[17] Turkey did not enter Wor
ld War II on the side of the Allies until February 1945. However, the Turkish Ar
med Forces went on full alert and were prepared for war following the military a
lliance between neighbouring Bulgaria and the Axis Powers which was formalized i
n March 1941, and the occupation of neighbouring Greece by the Axis Powers in Ap
ril 1941. Within a year, Turkey's borders were surrounded by German forces in th
e northwest and west, and Italian forces in the southwest. The Turkish Air Force

made daily reconnaissance flights over Bulgaria, Greece, the Greek Islands in t
he Aegean Sea, and the Dodecanese Islands which then belonged to Italy, to monit
or the positions of the Axis forces. The large cities in western Turkey were dar
kened at nights, and anti-aircraft guns and searchlights were deployed for defen
ce against possible enemy planes. Almost all available money in the Turkish Gove
rnment Treasury was used to purchase new weapons from any available provider in
the world. The Turkish Air Force received large numbers of new aircraft in this
period, including Supermarine Spitfire Mk.I/V/IX/XIX, Curtiss Falcon CW-22R/B, F
airey Battle-I, Avro Anson-I, Hawker Hurricane I/II, Morane-Saulnier M.S.406, Cu
rtiss P-40 Tomahawk, Curtiss P-40 Kittyhawk, Westland Lysander-I, Consolidated B
-24D Liberator B-24, Bristol Blenheim IV/V, Bristol Beaufort, Bristol Beaufighte
r Mk.I/X, Focke Wulf FW-190-A3, Martin 187 Baltimore, De Havilland DH.98 Mosquit
o Mk.III/IV, Douglas B-26B/C Invader, P-47D Thunderbolt and Douglas C-47A/B Dako
ta.
The Air Machinist School (Hava Makinist Okulu) was reorganized as Aircraft Maint
enance School (Hava Uak Bakm Okulu) on 2 January 1950[18] to unite schools respons
ible for training non-pilot Air Force personnel.[17] In 1950 it also was decided
to upgrade the Air Force fleet through the inclusion of jets.[17] Eight pilots
were sent to the United States for jet pilot training.[17] They graduated in 195
1 and started training jet pilots in the Turkish Air Force.[17] In the same year
, the 9th Fighter Wing (9uncu Ana Jet ss) was founded in Balkesir as Turkey's first
fighter wing; the 191st, 192nd, and 193rd squadrons being the first ones which
were established.[17] Further training in the United States followed, usually in
volving jet manufacturers. In 1951 the Air Force Academy was formed with integra
ting some air schools in Eskiehir and its fist academic year started on 1 October
1951.[19] In 1956 the Hava Eitim Kolordu Komutanl (Air Education Corps Command) was
founded and all education was united under this command. The command was rename
d as Hava Eitim Komutanl (Air Education Command) in 1957.[17]
Upon Turkey's membership to NATO in 1952, the process of modernization was accel
erated.[17] In 1962 the Taktik Hava Kuvveti (Tactical Air Force) was founded by
upgrading the Hava Tmeni (Air Division) units to corps-level organizations. In 19
74 the Air Force was employed in the Cyprus War.[17] With the arrival of 3rd gen
eration fighter jets in 1980, the Air Force was reorganized.[17]
Turkish Air Force and NATO
Main article: Nuclear sharing
The headquarters of NATO's Allied Air Component Command for Southern Europe (for
merly designated as AIRSOUTH and originally headquartered in Naples, Italy) was
established in zmir, Turkey, on 11 August 2004. Allied Air Command zmir was deacti
vated on 1 June 2013, when the Allied Air Command (AIRCOM) at the Ramstein Air B
ase in Germany became the sole Allied Air Component Command of NATO.[20]
Turkey is one of five NATO member states which are part of the nuclear sharing p
olicy of the alliance, together with Belgium, Germany, Italy, and the Netherland
s.[21] A total of 90 B61 nuclear bombs are hosted at the Incirlik Air Base, 40 o
f which are allocated for use by the Turkish Air Force in case of a nuclear conf
lict, but their use requires the approval of NATO.[22] As of 2010, the United St
ates is considering to withdraw these nuclear bombs from Turkey, and from severa
l other foreign locations in Europe.[23]
Notable events
Sabiha Gken was the first Turkish female combat pilot. She joined the Turkish
Air Force in 1936 and in 1937 took part in the military operation to put down th
e Dersim Revolt, thus becoming the world's first female air force pilot with bat
tle experience. Throughout her career in the Turkish Air Force, which lasted unt
il 1964, Gken flew 22 different types of aircraft for more than 8000 hours, 32 of
which were active combat and bombardment missions.[24] She was selected as the o
nly female pilot for the poster of "The 20 Greatest Aviators in History" publish

ed by the United States Air Force in 1996.[24]

In 1995, the Turkish Air Force took part in NATO's Operation Deliberate Forc
e.
Turkey provided 18 F-16s for the NATO campaign against Serbia during Operati
on Allied Force in 1999. Of these, 11 TAI-built F-16s were stationed at the NATO
base in Aviano, Italy, while the other 7 were based in Ankara, Turkey. All were
equipped with laser-guided bombs using the LANTIRN night vision system. Turkish
jets had previously patrolled Balkan airspace, providing protection for attacki
ng aircraft. During this allied air campaign, TAI-built F-16s set a world CAP re
cord by patrolling for 9 hours and 22 minutes above the Balkan theatre. Normally
, CAP missions last between 3 to 4 hours.[citation needed]
Turkey participated in the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Bosnia-Her
zegovina, employing two squadrons (one in the Ghedi fighter wing, and after 2000
one in the Aviano fighter wing).[17] They returned to Turkey in 2001.
In 2006, 4 Turkish F-16 fighter jets were deployed for NATO's Baltic Air Pol
icing operation.
In December 2007, the Turkish Air Force initiated Operation Northern Iraq, w
hich continued until the end of February 2008, eventually becoming a part of Ope
ration Sun. At the initial phase of this operation, on December 16, 2007, the Tu
AF used the AGM-65 Maverick and AGM-142 Popeye/Have Nap during a night bombardme
nt for the first time.[citation needed]
On 22 June 2012, a Turkish RF-4E Phantom II reconnaissance aircraft was lost
, reportedly due to Syrian anti-aircraft fire. The incident happened over the Me
diterranean Sea, close to the town of Ras al-Bassit.[25]
On 24 November 2015, a Turkish F-16 shot down a Russian Su-24 Fencer strike
aircraft which, according to Turkish authorities, had violated its airspace. The
Russian Government contests those claims, stating that the aircraft never enter
ed Turkish airspace. One Russian pilot was killed, the other rescued in a Russia
n special forces operation.[26][27]
Equipment
Further information: List of active aircraft of the Turkish Air Force and List o
f modern weapons of the Turkish Air Force
Fighter and reconnaissance aircraft
In 1984 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) was established and Turkey started to
produce fighter aircraft locally under license, including a total of 232 F-16 F
ighting Falcon (Block 30/40/50) aircraft for the air force. The air force had pr
eviously received 8 F-16s that were purchased directly from the United States, b
ringing the total number of F-16s received by the air force to 240.[28] TAI is c
urrently building 30 new F-16 Block 50+ aircraft for the TuAF[29][30] and is app
lying a CCIP upgrade on the existing fleet of Block 30/40/50 F-16s, which will b
ring all of them to the Block 50+ standard.[28][31][32][33] Dozens of TAI-built
F-16s were also exported to other countries, particularly in the Middle East. A
total of 46 TAI-built F-16s have been exported to the Egyptian Air Force under t
he Peace Vector IV Program (19931995), making it TAI's second-largest F-16 custom
er after the Turkish Air Force.[34] Turkey is one of only five countries in the
world which locally produce the F-16 Fighting Falcon.[28]
Airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft
Boeing 737 AEW&C Peace Eagle
A total of four Boeing 737 AEW&C Peace Eagle (Turkish: Bar Kartal) aircraft (togeth
er with ground support systems) were ordered by the Turkish Air Force, with an o
ption for two more aircraft. Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) is the primary s
ubcontractor for the Peace Eagle parts production, aircraft modification, assemb
ly and tests. Another subcontractor, Havelsan, is responsible for system analysi
s and software support.[35]
Signed on 23 July 2003, the contract to Boeing valued at US$1.385 billion, which

was later reduced by US$59 million because some of the requirements were not me
t. The down payment to Boeing amounted to US$637 million. The project consists o
f the delivery of 737-700 airframes, ground radars and control systems, ground c
ontrol segments for mission crew training, mission support and maintenance suppo
rt.[36]
Peace Eagle 1 is modified and tested by Boeing Integrated Defense Systems in Sea
ttle, Washington, USA. Peace Eagle 2, 3 and 4 are modified and tested at the fac
ilities of TAI in Ankara, Turkey, with the participation of Boeing and a number
of Turkish companies. As of 2006, the four Peace Eagle airplanes were scheduled
to be delivered in 2008.[37] As of mid-2007, systems integration was ongoing and
airworthiness certification works continued. In September 2007, Boeing complete
d the first test flight of Turkey's AEW&C 737.[38]
On 4 June 2008, it was announced that Turkish Aerospace Industries completed the
first in-country modification of a Boeing 737-700 into an airborne early warnin
g and control (AEW&C) platform for Turkey's Peace Eagle program.[39]
The first Peace Eagle aircraft, named Kuzey (meaning North) was formally accepte
d into Turkish Air Force inventory on 21 February 2014.[40][41][42][43] The rema
ining three aircraft will be named Gney (South), Dou (East) and Bat (West).[43]
The six-year delay was a result of Boeing experiencing difficulties while develo
ping some features required by the Turkish Air Force. Turkey demanded compensati
on of US$183 million from Boeing for the delay. The payment of the penalty is re
quested in the form of increased start-up support period from an initially plann
ed two years to five years, as well as three years of software maintenance servi
ce and around US$32 million in spare parts.[36]
Aerial refueling tanker aircraft
Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker
In 1994 the Turkish Air Force signed a deal to lease two and purchase seven Boei
ng KC-135R Stratotanker aerial refueling tanker aircraft.[44] Following the arri
val of all seven purchased aircraft, the two leased KC-135Rs were returned to th
e United States.[44] All seven KC-135R Stratotanker aircraft of the Turkish Air
Force have received the Pacer CRAG (Compass, Radar And GPS) upgrade. The KC-135R
-CRAG Stratotanker aerial refueling tanker aircraft of the Turkish Air Force are
operated by the 101st Squadron, stationed at the Incirlik Air Base.[44]
Military transport aircraft
Airbus A400M Atlas
Turkey is a partner nation in the Airbus A400M Atlas production program. The Tur
kish Air Force has ordered a total of ten A400M Atlas aircraft.[45] The first tw
o A400M Atlas were delivered to the Turkish Air Force in 2014.[46][47][48] All A
400M Atlas deliveries to the Turkish Air Force are scheduled to be completed by
2018.[49][50] Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) produces several components of
the A400M Atlas, including the middle-front fuselage, emergency exit doors, rear
fuselage upper panels, rear upper escape doors, ailerons and spoilers; which ar
e sent to the Airbus Military factory in Spain for assembly.[51]
Although the Airbus A400M Atlas is essentially a heavy tactical lift aircraft, i
t can also be transformed into an aerial refueling tanker aircraft at short noti
ce.
The Turkish Air Force also uses the CN-235, C-130 Hercules and C-160 Transall mi
litary transport aircraft.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
TAI Anka
Bayraktar Tactical UAS

At present, the Turkish Air Force operates MALE UAVs such as the TAI Anka, Bayra
ktar Tactical UAS, IAI Heron and the I-GNAT ER. Having been unable to purchase t
he armed version of Predator UCAVs from the United States, Turkey plans to produ
ce armed UCAV versions of TAI Anka (to be fitted with missiles such as the AGM-1
14 Hellfire and Roketsan Cirit); while TAI has become the leading partner in the
Talarion UCAV project of EADS.[52][53][54]
Satellites
Turkish Air Force operate an intelligence satellite named Gktrk-2, with plans to c
ommission more in years ahead. These include a 0.8m resolution reconnaissance sa
tellite (Project Gktrk-1) for use by the Turkish Armed Forces and a 2m resolution
reconnaissance satellite (Project Gktrk-2) for use by the National Intelligence Or
ganization. The production of Gktrk-2 is completed by the Turkish Aerospace Indust
ries, while Gktrk-1 is still in the production stage. Some electro-optical parts t
hat are required for the Gktrk-1 (0.8m resolution) satellite were beyond TAI's tec
hnological know-how, thus a foreign partner was sought. The official bidders for
the project were EADS Astrium (U.K.), OHB-System (Germany) and Telespazio (Ital
y);[55] and the contract was won by Telespazio of Italy.[56]
Gktrk-2 was launched from Jiuquan Launch Area 4 / SLS-2 in China by a Long March 2
D space launch vehicle at 16:12:52 UTC on December 18, 2012. It was placed into
a low Earth orbit of 686 km (426 mi) at 16:26 UTC. The first signal from Gktrk-2 w
as received at 17:39 UTC by the Troms Satellite Station, northern Norway.
In 2013 Turkey approved the construction by Roketsan of its first satellite laun
ching center, initially for low earth orbit satellites.[57]
In 2015, Ukraine and Turkey agreed on space program which worth billions of doll
ars.[58]
Formation and structure
F-16C Fighting Falcon
F-4E 2020 Terminator at the 3rd Air Force Base in Konya
F-16DJ of 192nd Tiger Squadron
SOM cruise missile developed by TBTAK SAGE and Roketsan for the Turkish Air Force
Commands
Headquarters, Ankara
Chief of the Turkish General Staff: General Necdet zel
Commander of the Turkish Air Force: General Abidin nal
1st Tactical Air Force Command, Eskiehir
1st Main Jet Base Group Command, Eskiehir
F-4E/2020 Terminator
F-4E/TM Phantom II
RF-4E/TM Phantom II
CN-235M-100 & AS-532 Cougar Mk.1
3rd Main Jet Base Group Command, Konya
F-16C/D Fighting Falcon
F-4E 2020 Terminator
F-5 Freedom Fighter A/B 2000
B-737-700 AEW&C MESA
AS-532 Cougar Mk.1
4th Main Jet Base Group Command, Aknc, Ankara
F-16C/D Fighting Falcon
6th Main Jet Base Group Command, Bandrma
F-16C/D Fighting Falcon
AS-532 Cougar Mk.1
9th Main Jet Base Group Command, Balkesir
F-16C/D Fighting Falcon

2nd

AS-532 Cougar Mk.1

15th Missile Base Group Command, stanbul
Other Air Bases, Akhisar, Dalaman, Afyon, orlu
Tactical Air Force Commands, Diyarbakr
5th Main Jet Base Group Command, Merzifon, Amasya
F-16C/D Fighting Falcon
AS-532 Cougar Mk.1
7th Main Jet Base Group Command, Erha, Malatya
F-4E 2020 Terminator
F-4E Phantom II
AS-532 Cougar Mk.1
8th Main Jet Base Group Command, Diyarbakr
F-16C/D Fighting Falcon
CN-235M-100 & AS-532 Cougar Mk.1
Unmanned aerial vehicle Base Group Command, Batman
Anka
Heron
Harpy
I-GNAT ER
10th Tanker Base Command, Adana
KC-135R Stratotanker
Other Air Bases, Batman, Mu, Ar, Sivas, Erzurum
Force Staff Division Command
11th Air Transportation Main Base Command, Etimesgut, Ankara
CASA CN-235
Cessna Citation|Cessna Citation VII
Cessna Citation|Cessna Citation II (CE-550)
Gulfstream IV-SP
3 CASA CN-235 (T) ambulance aircraft
12th Air Transportation Main Base Command, Erkilet, Kayseri
C-130 Hercules
C-160 Transall
CASA CN-235 (T)
Training Command, Gaziemir, zmir
2nd Main Jet Base Group Command, ili, zmir
T-38A Talon (Tekaml Eitim Filosu)
KT-1, T-37B/C Tweet (Temel Eitim Filosu-T-37B/C)
SF-260D (Balang Eitim Filosu)
CN-235M-100 & UH-1H Iroquois
Air Force Academy Command
Air Corps Schools and Technical Training Center Command
Air Language School and Airmen Training Brigade Command, Gaziemir, zmir
Logistics Command Etimesgut, Ankara
1st Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command, Eskiehir
2nd Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command, Kayseri
3rd Air Supply and Maintenance Center Command, Ankara
Air Museum Command, stanbul

Air

Air

Air

Squadrons
The above commands consist of:[10]
19 Combat squadrons
1 Reconnaissance squadron
6 Training squadrons
6 Transportation squadrons
1 Tanker squadron
8 Surface-to-air missile (SAM) squadrons
Insignia

NATO Code
OF-10 OF-9
OF-8
OF-7
OF-2
OF-1
OF(D) Student Officer
Turkey Turkey
(Edit)
TR-ARFORCE-OF9.gif
Orgeneral
TR-ARFORCE-OF8.gif
Korgeneral
TR-ARFORCE-OF7.gif
Tmgeneral
TR-ARFORCE-OF6.gif
Tugeneral
TR-ARFORCE-OF5.gif
Albay TR-ARFORCE-OF4.gif
Yarbay TR-ARFORCE-OF3.gif
Binba
TR-ARFORCE-OF2.gif
Yzba
TR-ARFORCE-OF1.gif
stemen
TR-ARFORCE-OF1a.gif
Temen TR-ARFORCE-OFD.gif
Astemen
No
insignia
renci
NATO Code
OR-9
OR-8
OR-7
OR-6
OR-1
Turkey Turkey
(Edit)
No Insignia
Astsubay Kdemli
Baavu
Astsubay
Baavu
Astsubay Kdemli
stavu
Astsubay
stavu
Astsubay Kdemli
avu Astsubay
avu Uzman
avu avu Uzman
Onba Onba Er

OF-6

OF-5

OF-4

OF-3

OR-5

OR-4

OR-3

OR-2

OF3, OF2, & OR2 translate to "Head of 1000", "Head of 100", and "Head of 10"
respectively.
Future of the Turkish Air Force
Concept design of the TAI TFX
F-35A Joint Strike Fighter (JSF)
On July 11, 2002 Turkey became a Level 3 partner of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighte
r (JSF) development program, and on January 25, 2007, Turkey officially joined t
he production phase of the JSF program, agreeing to initially purchase 116 F-35A
Lightning II aircraft.[59][60][61][62][63]
Turkey also has a national fifth generation fighter aircraft project named the T
AI TFX.
On 28 March 2013, the Turkish Secretary of the Defence Industry of the Ministry
of National Defence of Turkey Murat Bayar announced intentions to replace the F16 fighter with domestically produced fighters by 2023.[64]
Havelsan of Turkey and Boeing of the United States are in the process of develop
ing a next generation, high altitude ballistic missile defence shield. It is env
isaged that the system will be used by the U.S., Turkey and other NATO member st
ates.[65][66][67]
See also
Portal icon
Turkish Armed Forces portal
Portal icon
Aviation portal

Turkish Stars
List of Commanders of the Turkish Air Force
List of Chiefs of the Turkish General Staff
References

The Turkish Air Force regards flight trainings of Captain Fesa Bey and Lieutenan
t Yusuf Kenan Bey in 1911 as its own start line and celebrates its 100th anniver
sary in 2011. "Trk Hava Kuvvetleri 100 Yanda" in the official website of Turkish Ai
r Force (Turkish)
Hv. K. K. Mebs. "1918-1923". Retrieved 24 December 2014.
"1944-1980" in the official website of the Turkish Air Force (Turkish)
1949 Temmuzunda Trk Silhl Kuvvetleri yeniden rgtlendirilerek, Genelkurmay Bakanlna b
, Deniz, Hava Kuvvetleri kuruldu., Genelkurmay Bakanl, Trk Tarihi, Silahl Kuvvetleri v
e Atatrklk, Genelkurmay Bakanl, 1973, p. 65. (Turkish)
IISS 2010, pp. 164168
"World Air Forces 2014". Flightglobal.com.
"Bugn Hava Kuvvetleri'nin kurulu yldnm!". Retrieved 24 December 2014.
"Trk Silahl Kuvvetlerinin Bar Destekleme Harektlarna Katklar". tsk.tr. Retrieved 18
2014.
Hv. K. K. Mebs. "The First Establishment and the Early Years". Retrieved 24 Dece
mber 2014.
Scramble on the Web: Turkish Air Force - Order of Battle
Story of Turkish Aviation in 'Turkey in the First World War' website
Aviation pages in 'Turkey in the First World War' website
Turkish Aircraft in 'Turkey in the First World War' website
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External links
This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factboo
k document "2004 edition".
Official Turkish Armed Forces Website
Official Turkish Air Force Website

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