FINAL PROJECT OF

STEEL STRUCTURES
NAMES:
AVILA BRITO JOS EDUARDO
DIEGO PAZMIO

Design a porch consisting of an area of 600 m ^ 2,

where the views of both tension, compression is
applied, and bending design with a sloping roof slope
under the LRFD design and all relevant charges are
irrelevant .

http://www.servitechosecuador.com/techos-metalicos-entrepeso-varilla-corrug
ada-aluminizado-galvalume-master-1000.php

PROPERTY PROFILE: IPE400

S x 1160cm

d 400 mm
tf 13.5mm

bf 180 mm

Fy 36ksi 2.482 10 Pa
11

tw 8.6mm

E 29000ksi 1.999 10

h d 2 tf 373 mm

Pa

Iy 1320 cm

Ix 23130cm

Ap 84.50 cm
ry

Iy
Ap

S y

3.952 cm

Iy

146.667 cm

bf
2

S y 8.95 in

Cw values, Zx, Zy and ho J were obtained from the above table IPE properties, in our case the IPE 400

With this criterion the profile W16x45 took with similar characteristics with a value of Cw =1190 in^6; Zx =
1308 cm ^ 3; Zy = 226 cm^ 3; J = 37.4 cm^ 4; ho = 15.6 in
6

Cw 490000 cm
3

Zx 1308 cm

Zy 226 cm

J f 37.4 cm

ho 15.6 in

Width cooperating
ancho 1.5m

0.9

Roof load
pesot 3.35

kgf
2

kgf
Pt pesot ancho 5.025
m
kgf
pesov 66.3
m

ANALYSIS OF CHARGES
kgf
PD Pt pesov 71.325
m
kgf
PDy PD cos ( 19deg) 67.439
m

kgf
PDx PD sin ( 19deg) 23.221
m

WIND LOADS
m
vb 21
s

Page. 12 NEC2011-CAP. 1
Table 1.5

Cf 0.7
Ce 1.63
1.12

kg

P: pressure in Pa

Puyo city

: density of air kg/m^3

V_b: velocity of the wind m/s

P

1
2

vb Ce Cf

P 28.734

kgf
2

Py P sin ( 71deg) 27.168

kgf
2

m
Px P cos ( 71deg) 9.355

kgf
2

kgf
PWy Py ancho 40.752
m

kgf
PWx Px ancho 14.032
m

LIVE LOAD

carga L 1

kN

Page. 6 NEC2011-CAP. 11

Table 1.2

carga Ly carga L cos ( 19deg) 96.416

kgf
2

m
carga Lx carga L sin ( 19deg) 33.199

kgf
2

kgf

PLy cargaLy ancho 144.624

m

kgf
PLx cargaLx ancho 49.798
m

SEISMIC LOAD
10
kgf
PEx
P
2.322
100 Dx
m
10
kgf
PEy
PDy 6.744
100
m

LOADS FACTORED
kgf
PUy 1.2 PDy 1.6 PLy 0.5PWy 332.702
m

kgf
PUx 1.2 PDx 1.6 PLx 0.5PWx 114.558
m

MOMEMTS FACTORED:
L1 12m

Mux

Muy

PUy L1
8

PUx L1
32

2
3

5.989 10 kgf m

515.513 kgf m

MPx Fy Zx 3.311 10 kgf m

MPy Fy Zy 5.72 10 kgf m

bf
2 tf

6.667

0.38

E
Fy

10.785

It is a compact section on flange

h
tw

43.372

3.76

Fy

106.717

It is a compact section in the web

4

Mnx Fy Zx 2.98 10 kgf m

3

Mny Fy Zy 5.148 10 kgf m

Mux
Mnx

Muy
Mny

0.301

Holds for material flow and sections provided

We turn to the section F.2 standard AISC members souls and compact fold symmetry skates
LATERAL-TORSIONAL BUCKLING
Lb 12 m
Lp 1.76 ry

rts

E
Fy

Iy Cw
Sx

1.974m

1.843 in

As a twin-symmetry the value of c is assumed to be 1 for a hot-rolled profile

cf 1
2

J f cf
0.7 Fy S x ho
E
Lr 1.95 rts

6.76

5.982 m

0.7 Fy S x ho
E J f cf

As Lb exceeds the third literal Lr ratio C is used, in which one proceeds to calculate a critical force.

Cb is the lateral-torsional buckling modification factor for no uniform moment diagrams when both ends
of the unsupported segment are braced.

To be conservative Cb value equal to 1 shall be made.

Cb 1
2

Lb
Fcr
1 0.078

9.907 ksi
2
S x ho rts

L
b
r
ts
Cb E

J f cf

Mnx1 Fcr S x 8.08 10 kgf m

As he turned to the major axis xx we proceed with the minor axis y-y, so we headed to the section of
the standard F6 AISC to double symmetry I profiles and channels C.
1) Yielding:

Mny1 Fy Zy 5.72 10 kgf m

3

1.6 Fy S y 5.94 10 kgf m

For the analysis of armor calculation it was made using a structural analysis software 2D members
(FTOOL), resulting in the most critical members as follows:

CALCULATION OF CHARGES IN MOST CRITICAL NODES PORCH

LOADS FACTORED
kgf
PUy1 1.2 PDy 1.6 PLy 0.5PWy 332.702
m

kgf
PUx1 1.2 PDx 1.6 PLx 0.5PWx 114.558
m

LOADS
Profu cop 12 m

PUny PUy1 Profu cop 39.152 kN

PUnx PUx1 Profu cop 13.481 kN

TENSION ANALYSIS
2
3

d 0.267m

bf 0.18m

2 d
bf
3

u 0.75

Fu 58ksi 3.999 10 Pa

PU 333.1kN

U 0.85

Agmin

333.1kN

Aemin

Fy

3 2

1.491 10

3 2

333.1kN

1.111 10

u Fu

Anmin

Aemin
U

3 2

1.307 10

Agmin Agperfil

OK CUMPLE

YIELDING:
6

Pn 1 Fy Agperfil 1.888 10 N
Pn 1 PU

OK CUMPLE

BREAK:
Pn 2 u Fu Anmin U
5

Pn 2 3.331 10 N
Pn 2 PU

OK CUMPLE

SLENDERNESS:
rx 16.5cm

2.83m
ry

71.602

Ok <300

3 2

Agperfil 84.5cm 8.45 10

COMPRESSION ANALYSYS:
Kx 1
Ky 1
Lx 3 m

Ly Lx

Kx Lx
rx

Ky Ly
ry

18.182

75.904

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS:
2

Agperfil 84.5 cm

PUC 307.8kN

Fex

( E)

Kx Lx

rx
Fy

Fex

5.97 10 Pa

0.204
2

Fcrx 0.658

Ag perfil Fy 2.061 10 N

Pnx 0.9 Fcrx 1.855 10 kN

Pnx PUC

OK
2

Fey

( E)

Ky Ly

ry

Fy
Fey

3.425 10 Pa

0.851

Fcry 0.658

Agperfil Fy 348.152 kip

Pny 0.9 Fcry 1.394 10 kN

Pny PUC

OK

FLEXURAL ANALYSIS:
Reasons Width Thickness:
Unstiffened elements:

Flanges
Lz Lx

bf

13.333

tf

0.56

E
Fy

15.894

Compact Flanges

hw 331mm

Elements stiffened: Web

hw
tw

38.488

1.49

E
Fy

42.29

Compact Web

As I used this is a structural element of double symmetry then the following formula is used:

Cw 4.9 10 cm
4

J f 37.4 cm

Kz 1

Gc 11200ksi

2 E C

w
1
8

Fez
Gc Jf
5.576 10 Pa
K L 2
Ix Iy
z z

Fy
Fez

0.667

Fcrz 0.658

Agperfil Fy 1.741 10 N

Pnz 0.9 Fcrz 1.567 10 kN

Pnz PUC

OK

TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE ROOF:

Lperfiles 4 [ 2 ( 1m 3m 2m 3.47m 8.5m 9m) 3m] 36m 263.76 m

Lvigas 18 36m 648m

LT Lperfiles Lvigas 911.76m
4

Ptp pesov LT 6.045 10 kgf

3

Ptt pesot 2 9m 36m 2.171 10 kgf

4

PT Ptp Ptt 6.262 10 kgf

PDt

PT
2

612m

102.321

kgf
2

TAX ANALYSIS OF AREAS

CALCULATION OF TAX AREAS

Column A1

Column B1
2

AB1 ( 6m 8.5m) 51m

AA1 ( 6m 8.5m) 51m

Column A2

Column B2
2

AB2 ( 12m 8.5m) 102m

AA2 ( 12m 8.5m) 102m

Column A3

Column B3
2

AA3 ( 12m 8.5m) 102m

AB3 ( 12m 8.5m) 102m

Column A4

Column B4
2

AB4 ( 6m 8.5m) 51m

AA4 ( 6m 8.5m) 51m

ANALYSIS OF CHARGES FOR ROOF COLUMNS

On the roof floor will be located single asymmetric load forces such as keeping the live load, wind and dead
load of the structure of steel beams to both the belts and the internal members of armor
As shown in the analysis of tax areas most critical column which is greater support area is obtained
with a value of 102 m ^ 2, which are A2, B2, A3, B3

DEATH LOAD (D):

DETERMINE THE DEAD LOAD WEIGHT THROUGH THE ROOF STRUCTURE OF THE
SHED, CONSIDERING THE RESPECTIVE INCLINATION THERE OF A 19.44 , AS COLUMN
LOADS ONLY SUPPORT SCANNING THE SAME VERTICAL COMPRESSION ONLY
PDT PDt AA3 102.35 kN

LIVE LOAD (L):

KEEPING THE ROOF ABOVE ANALYZED A LIVE LOAD 1 KN / m ^ 2 AND IS THE SAME SERVING ON
COLUMNS
PLT cargaL AA3 102 kN

LOADS FACTORED
Pw.y P sin ( 71deg) AA3 27.176 kN
PUT 1.2 PDT 1.6 PLT 0.5 Pw.y 67.354 kip

AREA NEEDED
c 0.9

Ag

PUT
2
c Fy
3

20.118 cm

Obtain a profile HEB 120 with an area of 34 cm2

INERTIAS RADII AND CHOSEN PROFILE

2

Aperfil 34 cm

Ixx 864 cm

rx1

Ixx
Aperfil

5.041 cm

Iyy 318 cm

ry1

Iyy
Aperfil

3.058 cm

SLENDERNESS
THE SUPPORTS TO BE USED FOR EACH COLUMN IS FITTING WITH A VALUE OF DESIGN 0.65
Kz1 0.65

Kx1 0.65
Ky1 0.65

THE HEIGHT IS DELGALPN 5 m HEIGHT

Lx1 500 cm

Lz1 Lx1

Ly1 Lx1

Kx1 Lx1
rx1

Ky1 Ly1
ry1

64.471

106.27

Compressive strengths:
2

Aperfil 34 cm
2

Fex1

( E)

Kx1 Lx1

rx1

x1

68.86 ksi

Fy

0.723

Fex1
2

x1

Fcrx1 0.658

Aperfil Fy 152.434 kip

Pnx1 0.9 Fcrx1 6.103 10 N

DEMAND CAPACITY:
PUT

D / C=

Pnx1

100 49.095

Fey1

( E)

Ky1 Ly1

ry1

25.344 ksi

Fy

y1

1.192

Fey1
2

y1

Fcry1 0.658

Aperfil Fy 104.692 kip

Pny1 0.9 Fcry1 94.223 kip

DEMAND CAPACITY:
PUT

D / C=

Pny1

100 71.484

FLEXURAL ANALYSIS:
Reasons Width Thickness:
Unstiffened elements:

t 12 mm

b1 140 mm
tw 7 mm

b1

b
b
t

tw
2

Flanges

66.5 mm

5.542

0.56

E
Fy

15.894

MEET THE FLANGES

ELEMENTS STIFFENED: WEB

h1 140 mm
h1 1 h1 2 ( t) 116 mm

h1 1
tw

16.571

1.49

E
Fy

42.29

MEET THE WEB

As I used this is a structural element of double symmetry then the following formula is used:
Cw values and J were taken in a manner analogous to the catalog profile AISC with similar
characteristics W 5X16 and values are:
Cw1 40.6 in

Jp1 0.192 in

Fez1

2 E Cw1

Gc Jp1
100.719 ksi
2
I

K L
xx Iyy
z1 z1

z1

Fy
Fez
z1

Fcrz1 0.658

0.667

Aperfil Fy 157.468 kip

Pnz1 0.9 Fcrz1

141.721 kip

DEMAND CAPACITY:

D / C=

PUT
Pnz1

100 47.526

DESIGN BASE PLATES

To make the design of the motherboard must first calculate the factored load that would
support each is so:

Calculus of the load to be supported by the motherboard

DEATH LOAD (D):
HERE THE VALUE OF DEAD WEIGHT LOAD COLUMN JOINS

Weight of columns:
kgf
PDcpb 26.70
m

hpb 5 m

nc1 8

For the total weight of columns per floor multiply the height of the floor in the design and the number
of columns of design in our case is 8
3

PDcpbj PDcpb hpb nc1 1.068 10 kgf

LOADS FACTORED

PUTf 1.2 PDT PDcpbj 1.6 PLT 0.5 Pw.y 70.18 kip

For the value we factored load to divide the value of the total area of 612 m 2 and then multiply the
pressure value factored by critical tax area is 102 m2
PUTf
2

52.015

kgf
2

612 m

PUfinal 52.015

kgf
2

AA3 11.697 kip

FOR THE CALCULATION OF THICK STEEL PLATE MATERIAL it IS USED AS STEEL A36 WITH A
VALUE OF YIELD STRENGTH OF 36 KSI
c1 0.65

fc 3 ksi 2.068 10 Pa

PUfinal
2
A1req
45.528 cm
c1 0.85 ( fc)

0.95 h1 0.8 b1

N1

1.05 cm

A1req 7.797 cm

Nfin 0.08 m

A1req
Nfin

5.691 cm

Bfin 0.06 m
2

A1fin Nfin Bfin 48 cm

m1

Nfin 0.95 h1
2

0.027m

n1

Bfin 0.8 b1
2

0.026m

PU

final
4 h1 b1
0.948

2 c1 0.85 ( fc) A1fin

( h1 b1)

pb

2 x
1

1x

1.588

pbfin 1

fin

pbfin h1 b1
4

0.035m

It then chooses the least:

tmin fin

2 PUfinal
0.9 Fy A1fin

fin

0.429 in

1
tminfinal in
2

NOTE: FOR THE ANALYSIS OF CHARGES are not take into account the seismic load
although was calculated, for the reason that with the combination of loads according to LRFD not
influence greatly according to equations raised by the same.