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RATE OF REACTION
Aplication
1. Explain why potatoes fried in boiling oil cook faster than potatoes boiled in boiling water?
Answer:
- Boiling point of oil is higher than boiling point of water
- At higher temperature potatoes is faster to cook
2. Based on the collision theory, explain why we need to store fresh milk in refrigerator.
Answer:
(i)
the temperature inside the refrigerator is lower
(ii)
bacteria are not active at low temperature
(iii)
decomposition of milk caused by bacteria will slow down
(iv)
this will keep the milk fresh for along time
Collision theory
1. as temperature increases , the kinetic energy of the particles ( H+, S2O32- ) increases /
the smaller the size of particles , the larger the total surface area /
the higher the concentration of the solution , the greater the number of particles per volume
2. frequency of collision between particles increases
3. frequency of effective collision increases
4. rate of reaction increases
1.The presence of catalyst provide an alternative pathway / route
2. with a lower activation energy
3. frequency of effective collision increases
4. rate of reaction increases
Note :
1. Catalyst a substance which alters the rate of chemical reaction while remains
chemically unchanged at the end of reaction.
2. Observable changes for measuring the rate of reaction.
- volume of gas liberated
- precipitate formation
- change in mass during reaction, co lour ,temperature, pressure
Efective collision - collision which achieve activation energy (minimum amount) and with
correct orientation.
1. Catalyst (Manganese (IV) oxide)
1. Decomposition of sodium chlorate (V), 2NaClO3 2NaCl + 3O2
2. Decomposition hydrogen peroxide ,
2H2O2 2H2O + O2
-^H
Observation
No effervescence. the glowing wooden splinter did not relight
Effervescence occurred. The glowing wooden splinter relight and burn brightly
Discussion:
Manganese (IV) oxide (MnO2) increases the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide produces oxygen gas. 2H2O2 2H2O + O2