Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
Types of sprinklers
Zone station
Sprinkler system design (no. of sprinkler, location, net work)
Special sprinkler systems :( dry, pre action, deluge)
Note that:
5- fire fittings
" "
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
1- Fire science :
1-1 Fire safety
:
fire rated wall
- fire , smoke,
temperature
: 30 min, 60min, 120min
escape staircase
*
inputs
controller
sensors
output
- types of sensors:
- smoke, heat , multi
detector
: FACP
Fire Alarm Control
Panel
Together, they
produce the CHEMICAL
REACTION that is fire
Take away any of these
things and the fire will be
extinguished
NFPA:
National Fire Protection Association
!!
)2(
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glass bulb
sprinkler body
mercury
fusible link
" "
Deflector :
! !
)3(
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
Secondly:
According to direction of flow
1- Pendent
2- Upright
-direction of flow
down word
- fall ceiling is found
"
"
-direction of flow is up
word
- fall ceiling not found
" "
- fall ceiling is found:
When ceiling void >= 90 cm
"
" 90 =>
pendent, upright
3- side wall
side wall
:
- -
- -
)4(
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ZCS
Main line
ZCS
Discharge line
cross main
ZCS
Suction line
branches
ZCS
Riser
FF
tank
Pump
. *
* Zone
)5(
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2) temperature switch:
OS&Y gate valve
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3) Flow switch:
fire switch
" " switch
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
)6(
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
)7(
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Beam
ZCS
External additional flushing connection
..
:
...
)8(
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2- Ordinary hazard
3- extra hazard
A) (length \ 4.6) =
B) (width \ 4.6) =
C) x, 2x ; y, 2y :
)9(
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:
: ) m 5 * m 10 (
10
A) (length \ 4.6) =
(10 \ 4.6) = 2.2
=3
) 3(
:D width
B) (width \ 4.6) =
(5 \ 4.6) = 1.1
=2
)2(
)10(
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C) x, 2x ; y, 2y :
sprinkler :
2X X - :
Y
2X
2X
2Y
10 = X *
X = 1.6 m 6X = 10
5 = Y *
Y = 1.25m 4Y = 5
:
)11(
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:
-:
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1- Rooting:
( simple, symmetrical)
2- Sizing:
We get the sizing from pipe schedules which depend on (hazard, no.
of sprinkler)
Locke @ table (22.5.2.2.1 light hazard pipe schedule) , (22.5.3.4 ordinary hazard
pipe schedule) , (A.22.5.4 extra hazard pipe schedule) page 66 in this file.
:
22.5.2.2.1 Light hazard pipe schedule
Pipe sizing
1
1.25
No. of sprinkler
1, 2
3, 4
! . :
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4.25 =
3.75 =
:
Secondly lock @ table 8.9.2.2.1 page 67 for extended coverage side wall sprinkler
Where:
S
" "3.75 =
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
8.5 S 8.5 ( .
)
)15(
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- Zone station valve is normally open. - Zone station valve is normally open
but after it we put clapper arm to
- Normal condition: 0: 74 C; 1 bar.
prevent the water from crossing.
: clapper arm zone station
.
compressed air
- fire
compressed water
clapper arm
: :
: . .
: :
. : .
: - - .
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4- Deluge system
- Zone station valve is normally closed. - Zone station valve is normally closed.
SPK
. zone valve
SPK
) (
- double acting system
:
1- Single knock:
2- Double knock:
Nozzle SPK
) SD HD (
)17(
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1- Class I
2- Class II
- normal users
note that:
- When P>12.1 bar;
pressure reducing valve
must used PRV.
- design condition:
* 250 GPM
* Mini. Pressure 6.9 bar
* Max. pressure 12.1 bar
3- Class III
- design condition:
* 100 GPM
* Mini. Pressure 4.5 bar
* Max. pressure 6.9 bar
note that:
- When P>6.9 bar;
pressure reducing valve
must used PRV.
:
:
. .
)18(
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
2- Guide location:
- Escape stair case
- Escape corridor
- @ car park in main inlet, main exit
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
-: - Poly line: reel
- List properties L I enter:
....
)19(
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hydrant . 50 hydrant 2
)20(
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ZCS
Main line
ZCS
Discharge line
cross main
ZCS
Suction line
branches
ZCS
FF
tank
N
Pump
Check valve
Siamese connection
" : . "
- Siamese connection:* supply the system with water.
* connected on the pump discharge.
* check valve must be used with it;
.
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Deluge system
)23(
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- Pump flow
in GPM calculated
Light
30: 60 min
ordinary
60: 90 min
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
)24(
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extra
90: 120 min
Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
- Puddle flinch: -
puddle flinch -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Connection on tank
1234567-
)25(
diameter
height
Fire fighting
Fire fighting
plumbing
plumbing
plumbing
plumbing
plumbing
25: 30 cm
cm "10 :5" +
Inside depression
Fire fighting storage hff = vff \ Atank
over flow
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Vent pipe:
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
- To avoid cavitations:
1- anti vortex plate 2D where D is suction pipe diameter.
2- The distance between anti vortex plate & depression = 6 inch=
150mm= 15cm.
- Trench drain:
:
- Drainer pipe
- Over flow line
- Pump room water
plumbing
)26(
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-
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3- Jockey pump
NFPA pressure main pump
)28(
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e.hosam2000@gmail.com
Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
:
1- cabinet system only
a) Class II
3- combined system
b) Class I,III
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
4-2-1 cabinet system only:
a) Class II;
100 GPM; 4.5 bar: 6.9 bar
- flow calculation:
100 GPM class II -
- Head calculation:
Hp = Hst + Hres + Hf
Where:
- Hp
pump head
- Hst
static head
bar 10
- Hres
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- Hf
friction head
hazen-williams formula -
Pl = hf= (4.52 * . ) \ (. * . )
Where:
-Q
-C
friction loss coefficient = 120; from table 22.4.4.7 hazen-williams C values page 67
-D
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Ex:
4, 100 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
2.5
2.5
2.5
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
5
4
4, 100 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
2.5
2.5
2.5
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
100 GPM
: sr
1
2
3
4
5
section
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
GPM D
hf
Lpipe
100
2
100 2.5
100
4
100
1
Where:
Pl = hf= (4.52 *
) \ (
Leq
From
Ltotal
Hf
Lpipe + Leq
hf * Ltotal
Table 6.4.3.1
page 68
Hf 1.1 Hf head Hp
)31(
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b) Class I ,III;
2.5 , 1 , 2.5
250 GPM; 6.9 bar: 12.1 bar
- flow calculation:
500 GPM = 2 Flow class III,I 250 GPM GPM 1250 Pump Flow .
250 GPM
250 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
1250 GPM
1250GPM
1000 GPM
750 GPM
: !
)32(
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500 GPM
Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
- Head calculation:
Hp = Hst + Hres + Hf
Where:
- Hp
pump head
- Hst
static head
bar 10
- Hres
- Hf
friction head
hazen-williams formula -
Pl = hf= (4.52 * . ) \ (. * . )
Where:
-Q
-C
friction loss coefficient = 120; from table 22.4.4.7 hazen-williams C values page 67
-D
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
_
..!
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e.hosam2000@gmail.com
Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
Ex:
2.5
250 GPM
250 GPM
4, 500 GPM
250 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
250 GPM
250 GPM
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
1250 GPM
1000 GPM
750 GPM
500 GPM
Ex:
2.5
250 GPM
250 GPM
4, 500 GPM
250 GPM
FF
tank
Pump
250 GPM
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
25 ft
1250 GPM
)34(
250 GPM
1000 GPM
750 GPM
500 GPM
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
: sr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
section
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
GPM D
hf
Lpipe
1250 6
1000 6
750
5
500
4
250
4
250 2.5
Where:
Leq
From
Ltotal
Hf
Lpipe + Leq
hf * Ltotal
Table 6.4.3.1
page 68
Hf 1.1 Hf head Hp
:
)35(
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e.hosam2000@gmail.com
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Steps:
1- Most demand area:
" " NFPA demand
Hazard
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
Extra Hazard
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2- Sprinkler density:
NFPA demand
Hazard
Light Hazard
Ordinary Hazard
Extra Hazard
0.1
0.15: 0.2
0.3 : 0.4
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Q = K
5.65 = KSP FM UL Factory
mutual
)36(
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e.hosam2000@gmail.com
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Ex:
Required:
- make a complete design for the fire fighting pump which
serves a building; the most demand area is as shown.
Note that; the hazard is ordinary hazard.
NFPA
)37(
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Where:
Sp1 , qsp1 , psp1 : -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
: X -
Pl1
losses
139
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
1 = 1 *
Where:
Area ( )
200
130
100
4.6
4.6
3.7
0.15 =
" "
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1 = K
Where
1 = 11.9
Note that:
- The minimum residual pressure for any sprinkler is 7 psi = 0.5 bar.
5- Calculate the friction losses per unit of pipe from the most
remote sprinkler to the adjacent sprinkler by using hazenwilliam formula.
4.52 Q 1.85
C 1.85 D 4.87
Where:
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. ..
= .
pl1
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
7- Calculate the residual pressure on adjacent sp2
= 1 + 1 = 13.5 psi
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
8- Calculate the discharge @ this adjacent remote sprinkler
2 = k
2
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
9- Calculate the discharge in this pipe section
2 = 1 + 2
2 = 40.2 GPM
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
3 9 8 7 6 5
:
2 \\ 3 = ( 2 +2 ) \\ 3 \\ 3
10-
)40(
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4 9 8 7 6 5
11-
:
3 \\ 4 = ( 3 +3 ) \\ 4 \\ 4
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
demand area branch -
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Note that:
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
4 =
12-
4.52 Q 4 1.85
C 1.85 D 4.87
)* total length
(Pipe length + eq. length)
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
SPK X - 13
= 4 + 4
= 4 = 3 + 4
)41(
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K=
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
4.52 Q 4 1.85
5 =
15-
C 1.85 D 4.87
spk
)* total length
(Pipe length + eq. length)
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
py = px + pl5
16-
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
17-
5 =
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
18-
6 = 5 + 4
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
6 =
19-
)42(
4.52 Q 6 1.85
C 1.85 D 4.87
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)* total length
(Pipe length + eq. length)
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
pz = py + 6
20-
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
21-
7 =
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
22-
8 = 7 + 6
)43(
:
Pump flow ##
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
- Head calculation:
Hp = Hst + Hres + Hf
Where:
- Hp
pump head
- Hst
static head
bar 10
- Hres
- Hf
friction head
Hf
demand area - 1
" diameter flow " section - 2
= 4 in
: sr
1
2
section
GPM
hf
Lpipe
Leq
Ltotal
Where:
Pl = hf= (4.52 * Q^1.85) \ (C^1.85 * D^4.86)
Hf
From
Lpipe + Leq
hf * Ltotal
Table 6.4.3.1
page 68
Hf 1.1 Hf head Hp
)44(
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Under supervision of\ eng. Mahmoud Abdelaty ; senior Electromechanical Engineer 01226663413
Steps:
A) Calculate the flow for cabinet system only.
B) Add for this flow :
1- Light hazard
2- Ordinary hazard
3- Extra hazard
GPM 150 -
GPM 500 -
C) Head calculation:
- calculate head for cabinet
- calculate head for sprinkler
*** take the larger
)45(
" "
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Hp =
3960
Horse power
0 .65
)46(
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Pump
(1)
(8)
)47(
(7)
(3)
(2) (9)
(4)
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(1)
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2- Construction
Design drawing
BOQ pumps, pipes
, spk, co2 or fm200 system,
cabinet
Specs specification
Cost estimation
Requesting order
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
5-2 Fittings:
123-
threaded fittings
weld fittings
grooved fittings
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
5-2-3-2 coupling
:
a) rigid
coupling
b) flexible
" "
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
5-2-3-3 mechanical Tee
:
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)50(
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Ex:
fittings
)51(
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:
1- grooved Tee 4 * 2.5 * 4
2- two(2) rigid coupling 4
3- one(1) rigid coupling 2.5
4- grooved elbow 2.5
5- two(2) rigid coupling (RC) 2.5
reducer
1- grooved Tee 4 * 3 * 4
2- reducer 4 * 2.5
3- one(1) rigid coupling 2.5
4- one(1) rigid coupling 4
5- one(1) rigid coupling 3
6- grooved elbow 3
7- two(2) rigid coupling (RC) 3
Note that:
mechanical Tee
NFPA main mechanical Tee
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,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
RN: riser nipple 10 = ~
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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Ex:
mechanical Tee
fittings
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Note that:
* Pipe schedule:
4 sch 40 40 "4
**
Schedule
pipe thickness
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
** groove
a) roll groove
b) cut groove
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
*** Diameters:
Pipe diameter
)55(
thickness
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stress
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Fittings:
1- Threaded
2- Weld
3- Grooved (roll groove or cut groove)
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Sch10 " 5 D -
)56(
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2-2 Fire extinguishers fire ext.
2-2-1 Type of fire ext. Class of fire
2-2-2 Location of fire ext.
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2-2-1 Type of fire ext. Class of fire
Class A
Class B
Class C
Class D
Class K
Surface fire
:
Wood paper
clothes
Fire in
combustible
material in
liquid
material
Fire in
energized elect
Equipment
Fire in
combustible
material in
solid state
Fire in cooking
media
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
2-2-2 Location of fire ext.
* Travel distance
30 m
** Guide location:
- escape stair case
- escape corridor
)57(
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Electro static
" "
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
** Type of fire ext. according to its shape:
Portable
" "
wheeled
automatic matic
)58(
" "
Matic
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Sprinkle
r
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Pull
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
Aim
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3- design:
a) Weight of required gas. not volume
b) Sequence of operation.
..
A) Weight of required gas. not volume
It depends on:
- Volume of space
- Temperature of space
- Type of fire
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Steps:
1- Calculate the volume of the space.
Volume = length * width * height
W=v*f
2-
Where:
W
volume of space
( 3 or 3 )
flooding factor
or 3 )
It passed on:
- Type of gas
- Type of fire
- Type of gas
By
table 1
, concentration factor
- Type of fire
C
By
table 2
F = 0.0341
Temp. Of space 70 , 22
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Table 1:
Table 2:
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b) Sequence of operation:
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* Standard weight for 2 is 45 kg
** For Fm200 no standard
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weight
Plumbing Works Calculations
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