NEPAL COMMERCE CAMPUS

TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY
A Project Report On
A Case Study on Organizational Relations of
Nepal Commerce Campus

Submitted By:

Submitted To:

Mohit Rijal

Aastha Karki

Shreya Karki

Faculty Member

Newton Prajapati

Organizational Relations

Anita Karki

Nepal Commerce Campus

Aakash Regmi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
While the design of this report, there are very inspiring people who are always sparkling in our
memory and we cannot remain idol to provide sincere thanks to them. Their time was really
precious and they devoted that for coming up with this report.

We would like to thank BBA program management committee of our college for providing
recommendation letter in order to have easy access for the collection of required information.
Course Facilitator Aastha Karki is our source of inspiration for the compilation this handbook, he
approved our proposal to present this report. The group members of this project report Mohit
Rijal( Project Leader), Aakash Regmi, Newton Prajapati, Anita Karki and Shreya Karki are the
equal part of this project report.

The publication of this report would not have been successful without the supports of our
colleagues; they guided us in many steps and coordinated with us to solve the problems.

At last but not the least, we would like to acknowledge the staffs of NCC, who have been
precious one, for the placement of relevant information over here in this handbook.

Table of Contents
CHAPTERS

PAGE NO

1. Introduction..

1-4

1.1Background...
1.2 About Nepal Commerce Campus...
1.3Objective of study.
1.4Methodology.
1.5Scope and limitation.
1.6Tools and techniques used

1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4
4

2. Individual Behavior.

5-7

2.1Concept of needs, motives, wants & values...

2.2Perception......

5-6

2.3Matching personality and jobs..

3. INTERPERSONAL AND GROUP BEHAVIOUR...

3. Concept & types of group....

3.2Group Structure

4. Leadership... 9
4.1What database is leadership? ...............................................

4.2Guidance to leadership.

5. Communication 10
5.1Concept...

10

5.2Methods of communication.. 10
5.3Barriers to communicate... 10

6. INTER-GROUP CONFLICT MANAGEMENT. .. 11

6.1 Concept.

11

6.2 Causes of conflict.. 11

6.3 Conflict management approaches and techniques. 11
7. ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONS AND DYNAMICS.

12

7.1 Organizational Design 12

7.2Bureaucracy. 12

8. Technology and Work design. 13

9. STRESS MANAGEMENT... 14-15
9.1 Concept. 14
9.2 Causes of stress at workplace 14
9.3 Consequences of stress. 14
9.4 Managing stress . 14-15
10. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT. 16

10.1 Forces of changes 16

10.2 The goals of planned change are. 16
CONCLUSION. 17

Bibliography. 18
Appendix 19

CHAPTER- 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
An organization is the pattern of relationship many interwoven simultaneous relationship through
which people, under the direction of managers pursue their common goals. These goals are the
products of the decision making processes.
While forming any type of organization the following are the major prerequisite part that should
be taken into consideration they are as follows:

Organization Structure
The organizational structure should be put in place at the start of an organization. It defines how
the company will function, what is expectation of employees and the chain of command. The
structure clarifies the areas of responsibility and the individuals that will work together. This
allows for effective communication, decision making and sharing helpful information within
departments.

Organizational Climate
A well-designed organizational structure can create a climate, or environment, that encourages
employees to be supportive, cooperative and hard working. It also contributes to job satisfaction.

Employee Motivation
By grouping people within their specific areas of expertise, it encourages teamwork and high
levels of performance.

Mobility
Providing an organizational structure gives employees the opportunity to see where they may be
able to advance, motivating them to work hard in an effort to be promoted.

Organization Culture/ Behavior

Organization behavior is about human side of organization. It deals with human challenges at
workplace. It is concerned with employment related situations. It emphasizes behavior related to
job, work, performance, productivity, and absenteeism and employee turnover.

1.2 About Nepal Commerce Campus

Nepal Commerce campus regulated under the Faculty of Management (FOM) is known to be the
nations biggest and the quality imparting college and it has able to create its own historic
moments. In spite of the late evolution (17.05.2011) of commerce stream in comparison of other
streams in different faculties its usefulness and importance have been grown a lot. Hence it
began to flourish academically within the entire nation. Accordingly in association with the
academics of only commerce stream the establishment and the regulation of the campuses
encompasses the study of markets, administration, commerce, and public administration. Among
one of them is the Patan Campus whose base and the review is the Nepal Commerce Campus.
Initially the Nepal Commerce Campus was established in the form of private campus and still it
has to move ahead between many hindrances suffered by those of Non Governmental
Organization (NGO) colleges licensed from the Tribuvan University (T.U.). Nepal commerce
campus (NCC) established in 2021 BS, had two programmes as intermediate of commerce
(I.Com) and bachelor of commerce (B.Com) at the beginning. As the campus has already phased
out intermediate level programme in 2057 BS, it is now running both the general and
professional management programmes in Bachelor and Masters level under the umbrella
institution, Tribhuvan University. During 49 years of its history. NCC has exhibited itself as a
leading management campus across the country by playing as instrumental role in preparing the
professional managers not only to meet the national need but also to complete in the global
market of 21st century. Nepal Commerce Campus offers admission in four streams BBA, BBS,
MBM and MBS

1.3 Objective of Study

As any of the tasks is accomplished with certain objectives our objective can be analyzed
through two dimensions:

Technical Analysis
1.
2.
3.
4.

Search in the available technology used within the organizational premises.

Whether the used technology is matured enough.
Has the necessary technology being used.
Possess the necessary technical expertise or not.

5. To know about the practical use of the proposed technology.

Managerial Analysis
1. Plans, policies, strategies and goals of organizations
2. Competitive strength and human resource management.
3. Organizational structure, employee motivation and use of management information
system.
4. Assistance technical expertise to staffs.

1.4 Methodology
Research Design
It is the plan, structure and strategy of investigation to obtain answers to research questions and
to control variances.
The plan is overall scheme or program of the research. It includes an outline of what the
investigator will do from writing the hypotheses and their operational implications to the final
analysis of the data.
The structure is the outline, the scheme, the paradigm (model) of the operation of variables. It is
more specific than plan.
Strategy includes the methods to be used to gather and analyses. It is also more specific than the
plan.
The Basic Principles
1.
2.
3.
4.

Defining the nature and the scope of the problem.

Specifying the related variables.
Excluding the variables not relevant for the study.
Formulation of logical hypothesis.

Purpose of the Research Design

1. To provide answer to the research questions:
2. To control the variance.

Source of Data

Secondary Data
The secondary data are the data that have already been collected for a similar purpose. They may
be either published or unpublished. Published data may be available in the reports, books and
journals related to the subject matter of the investigation. Unpublished data may be retrieved
from agencies devoted to such similar works by making special requests to them.
Primary Data
Primary data are obtained by either (i) conducting informal interviews (ii) or administrating
Schedules or (iii) administering Mailed questionnaire or (iv) by using simulation or theoretical
models

1.5

Scope and Limitation of Study

The contain inside this report can be used as a reference by any of the students of any institutions
as a sample. This report is a case study on NCC so; it can be put as a major part of developing
cases related to any organization. It disseminates an idea on how to develop a concrete case.
This report is the part of our study so any of the individual cannot highly rely over it because it
has been developed with certain constraints like: time schedule, economy, backup resources and
various other resources.

1.6

Tools and Techniques Used

Questionnaires
The expression of research problems in the interrogative sentences are questions. They are
related to facts, figures, knowledge and opinions to be collected from the respondents.

CHAPTER-2
INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR
2.1 Concept of needs, motives, goals, attitudes, beliefs and values
Needs
Needs are deficiencies in human beings. They trigger behavior. Individuals have different needs.
Unsatisfied needs cause tension. The individual engages in behavior to satisfy needs for tension
reduction. Here at NCC there are people with social, esteem, security and self actualization
needs.

Motives
Motives influence individual behavior. They are internal drives in an individual. They are
pressing needs. They drive people to seek satisfaction. They prompt an individual to act in a
certain way. The motives are different, some are lecturing, some dealing with administrative jobs
etc.

Goals
Human behavior is goal directed. Goals are end results to be achieved. They guide actions. They
provide unified direction to efforts. Goals should be: specific, measurable, agreed upon, realistic,
and time-bound (SMART). The final goal of all people is satisfaction.

Attitudes
Attitudes are evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people or events. They
reflect how an individual feels about something. Attitudes can be favorable or unfavorable. Some
individuals are light thinker, some are moderator and some are critical thinker.

Beliefs
They are descriptive thoughts based on knowledge, opinion and faith. They influence behavior.
For example, individuals believe that rewards will follow from higher performance.

Values
They represent basic convictions as to what is right, good or desirable. They influence an
individuals motivation and work behavior. People value their work at NCC.

2.2 Perception
Concept

Perception is a cognitive process. It provides a unique picture of the world. Such picture may be
quite different from reality. It is giving meaning to the environment around us. It is filtering
information.

Factors affecting perception

1. Perceiver
The personal characteristics of the perceiver affect perception. It includes: attitudes, motives,
emotions, interests, experiences and expectations. For example a peon perceives the problem in
different way than a professor or the senior officer.
2. Target
Characteristics of the target being perceived affect the perception. They are: novelty, motion,
size, sound, background, proximity and similarity. Often senior officers perception depends upon
the policy and rules, and pressure from the FSU.
3. Situation
Various situational contexts influence perception. They are time, work setting and social setting.
The situation drives the behavior of people, faculty gets energized if it gets the active students in
their classrooms.

Persons Perception: Making judgment about others

Person perception is making judgments about others. It is about how one individual perceives
other individuals. It is affected by the factors in the perceiver, the target, and the situation.
Personality
Personality is a key factor in understanding and predicting individual behavior in organizations.
It is concerned with the growth and development of a persons whole psychological system. It
looks at the whole person. It leads to relatively enduring behavioral responses. Employees are of
good personality over here, they are concerned of their works only.
Key personality attributes
Locus of control
Machiavellianism
Self esteem
Self efficacy
Self monitoring

Personality Type

2.3 Matching personality and jobs

Organizations should achieve a fit between personality and jobs. They should match individuals
with jobs.

Personality Type
Investigative
Social
Conventional

Personality Traits
Analytical, Independent etc.
Friendly, Cooperative etc.
Conforming, Inflexible etc.

Congruent Jobs
Economist, Sociologist
Lecturers, Union leaders
Accountant, High position people

NCC consists of employees coming from different cultural and educational backgrounds. It
highly values the knowledge and diversity of its employees. Individualism has always been an
integral part of this organization. Its mission is to provide education to the students for their
proper career ahead. Striving to develop their students according to their potentials.

Chapter-3
INTERPERSONAL AND GROUP BEHAVIOUR
3.1 Concept and types of group
A group consists of two or more people who have come together. They interact and are
interdependent on each other. They share similar interests. They achieve particular objectives.
Concerning NCC the type of group existing here is formal group, people talk to each other at the
time of work, and they dont meet informally.

3.2Group structure- roles, norms, and status, cohesiveness

In informal type of group the people at higher authority posses more roles. Group norms depend
upon the cultural and educational backgrounds of people as well as policy of TU. Reference to
status group is formal one relating to the work time only. Cohesiveness is maintained through
monitoring and government policies.
Roles
Role is concerned with what people do. A role is a set of position- related behavior pattern
expected in group. A group member is required to play a number of roles. Role of people at NCC
depends upon the position they hold, lecturers are to teach students, administrative staffs to look
after the administration etc.
Norms
Norms are acceptable standards of behavior shared by members within a group. They are
informal rules of behavior. Norms are guided by the policies and regulations of TU.
Status
Status is socially defined rank given to group members by others. It is a relative standing in the
group. It is an important factor in understanding behavior. Here status depends upon the authority
granted for.
Cohesiveness
Cohesiveness is maintained through monitoring and university policies.

CHAPTER-4
LEADERSHIP
4.1 What is leadership?
Leadership is the ability to influence a group towards the achievement of goals willingly and
ehuasiastically. It is guiding and influencing the task related activities of people toward common
goals. Leadership sets goals of organization and groups. It sets tasks and standards of
performance. The leadership of NCC is bureaucratic or partially autocratic, it follows the
instructions of TU, FOM, and on the other hand it very little in percentage tends to be
participatory
in
decision
making.

4.2 Guidance to leadership

NCCs leadership being partial autocratic, it mainly guided from following sources.
1. TU policies and acts
NCC leadership is guided by the policies and acts passed from parliament for TU. Senior level
officers( campus chief, programme coordinators) follow the rules while making their decions.
2. Teachers association
Existence of teachers association acts as the expert advice to the administration of NCC.

3. Administrative heads at college and university

The heads of administration, their attitude and traits influences the decision making .

4. Free students union

The student union provides pressure to the college management over the betterment of the
students in the college.

Chapter-5
COMMUNICATION
5.1 Concept
No organization could exist without communication. Communication is the essence of
organizational effectiveness. Communication is transfer of message and meaning from one
person tom another person. At NCC communication is a way of sharing ideas between staffs,
students and faculty members.

5.2 Methods of communication

1. Use of information technology
The college uses internet, mobile and telephone to communicate between or among its people.
Communication is made through phone calls and email also.
2. Counseling
The teachers provide counseling to the students. Students also share their ideas with the fresher.
3. Participative decision
The teachers are participated in decision making. Students representatives are also participated
in making decisions.
3. Active listening
Active listening is another way of communicating with the people at NCC.
4. Training
Various workshops, seminars and training programs are conducted to communicate with the
faculty members. But it has not been done as per the demand of the teachers.

5.3 Barriers to communicate

Some of the barriers in communicating with the people are their level of knowledge regarding the
contingent factors, resources constraint, bureaucratic hurdles and lack of effective information system.

CHAPTER -6
INTER-GROUP CONFLICT MANAGEMENT

6.1 Concept
Concept of conflict is any situation in which two or more parties feel themselves in opposition.
Conflict is the outcome of behavioral interactions. It consists of all kinds of opposition or
antagonistic interactions. It is inevitable in groups and organizations. It is an interpersonal
process. It mainly arises from disagreements over goals or the methods to attain those goals.
Poor communication and personality differences also cause conflict. Leaders spend about 20% of
their time dealing with conflict.

6.2 Causes of conflict

The various causes of conflict at NCC are:
> Communication problem
> Incompatible goals
> Different values and beliefs
> Scarce resources
The main source of conflict in this is institution is because of scarce resources.

6.3 Conflict management approaches and techniques

Conflict management is the use of stimulation and resolution techniques to achieve the desired
level of conflict. Basically the management goes for negotiation with the other party to solve the
conflict. Here at NCC conflict arises very few in number. The decision is based on win and win
situation. Interpersonal conflicts are managed through following ways:
Collaborating

Avoidance
Competing
Accommodating
Compromising

CHAPTER -7
ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONS AND DYNAMICS

7.1 Organizational Design

Organizational design is the process of developing structure to achieve goals. Structure is the
framework for establishing patterns of relationships. It is a means to achieve goals. It determines
arrangements for:
-task specialization
-departmentation
-span of control
-delegation of authority

Organization design is concerned with designing, selecting, deciding and changing structure.
Organization design can be Mechanistic and Organic. Nepal Commerce Campus has
bureaucratic organization structure.

7.2Bureaucracy
Bureaucracy has a strictly defined hierarchy of authority. It performs routine tasks through
specialization and standardization. It has clearly defined rules and operating procedures. It is
mechanistic design.
Strengths
Some of the strengths of bureaucratic organization structure for NCC are:
-functional economies of scale
-minimum duplication of personnel and equipment
-enhanced communication
-centralized decision making
Weaknesses
Some of the weaknesses of bureaucratic organization structure for NCC are:
-submit conflicts with organization goals
-obsessive concern with rules and regulations
-lack of employee discretion to deal with problems

CHAPTER -8
TECHNOLOGY AND WORK DESIGN

8.1 Technology and Work design

Technology
Technology is the process of transferring inputs into outputs. It consists of knowledge, skills,
equipment, process, methods, and systems. It substitutes machines for human labor. It can be
routine or non-routine, simple or sophisticated and high-tech or low-tech depending on work
design. NCC has got computer lab, online library, less utilized 24X7 power supply system, WIFI
and others.

Work design
Work design is defining and structuring jobs. It specifies content of job and methods of doing the
job. The methods of work design can be:

Job specialization: The organization specializes employees in specific tasks to increase

efficiency. For example the specific experts in specific subjects are used to teach that specific
subject.

Job simplification: It is breaking down the job in smaller parts or simplification. The job of
keeping financial records is broken into account, reception, store and others. Library is divided
into reference and lending section.

Job enlargement: Same employee works for both the lending and reference section. An
employee in financial department could work for store or accounts.

Autonomous teams: They are self directed teams of employees to achieve specific goals. They
solve problems, implement solutions and take full responsibility for outcomes. The teams of
professors are formed to conduct seminars and workshops.

CHAPTER-9
STRESS MANAGEMENT

9.1 Concept
Stress is a person's adaptive response to a stimulus that places excessive psychological or
physical demands on that person. Stress has become a major concern in all types of organization.
Its potential role on health and productivity has become a cause for concern. Stress has become
an inevitable part of everyday life. By understanding stress, managers can understand behavioral
problems of organizational settings.

9.2 Causes of stress at workplace

Some of the stresses that top level executives face at NCC are:

-competition and change

-technological change
-diverse workplace
-employee empowerment
-delegation of authority
-team work
-work conflict/home conflict
-students demand
-resource limitation

9.3 Consequences of stress

Some of the consequences of stress are:
1. Physiological symptoms: increased blood pressure, headaches etc
2. Psychological symptoms: job dissatisfaction, tension, anxiety, irritability, boredom etc
3. Behavioural symptoms: changes in productivity

9.4 Managing stress

Some of the techniques used to manage stress are entitled as below.
a> Individual approach
-time management
-physical ability

-relaxation technique
-building social support

B> organizational approach

-goal setting -redesigning job
-increased employee involvement
-increased organization communication
We saw that more of the individual approach is used to manage stress than the organizational
approach.

CHAPTER -10
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT

10.1 Forces of changes

Organization today operates in dynamic environment. Dynamic environment requires more
change. Both external and internal environment act as forces for change. The certain changes at
NCC have introduced professional courses like BBA, MBM and have got digital library
management system. This is because of changing employers perspectives. Employers today
want applied human resource which can be utilized from the beginning.

10.2 The goals of planned change are

> Improve the ability of the organization to adapt to environmental changes.
>Change employee behavior to make them responsive to change.

CONCLUSION
Nepal Commerce campus regulated under the Faculty of Management (FOM) is
known to be the nations biggest and the quality imparting college and it has able to
create its own historic moments.
Nepal Commerce Campus offers admission in four streams BBA, BBS, MBM and
MBS
It has to move ahead between many hindrances suffered by those of Non
Governmental Organization (NGO) colleges licensed from the Tribuvan University
(T.U.)
Here at NCC there are people with social, esteem, security and self actualization needs.
People value their work at NCC.
Often senior officers perception depends upon the policy and rules, and pressure from the
FSU.
NCC consists of employees coming from different cultural and educational backgrounds.
It highly values the knowledge and diversity of its employees.
Concerning NCC the type of group existing here is formal group, people talk to each
other at the time of work, they dont meet informally.
NCCs leadership being partial autocratic, it mainly guided from following sources. TU
policies and acts, Teachers association, Administrative heads at college and university,
Free students union.

 Some of the barriers in communicating with the people are their level of knowledge regarding the
contingent factors, resources constraint, bureaucratic hurdles and lack of effective information
system.
Basically the management goes for negotiation with the other party to solve the conflict. Here at
NCC conflict arises very few in number.

NCC has got computer lab, online library, less utilized 24X7 power supply system, WIFI
and others.
We saw that more of the individual approach is used to manage stress than the
organizational approach.
NCC has introduced professional courses like BBA, MBM and has got digital library
management system.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Robbins, Stephen P: Elements of Organizational Behavior.
Mitchell, Terence R. and Larson, James R., Jr. People in Organization: An Introduction to
Organizational Behavior.
Pareek, Udai. Organizational Behavior.
Agrawal, Govind Ram. Organizational Relations in Nepal.
Adhikari, Dev Raj. Organizational Behavior.

APPENDIX
1. Can you say us something about organizational behavior of this college?
2. Some of the relations in this organization and their importance to upgrade the
organizations goals, mission, and vision?
3. Some of the issues regarding OB of NCC?
4. Certain values present in this organization that guides employees towards
effective productivity?
5. How do you perceive people? On the basis of what?
6. What is the major attribute of personality of people of NCC?
7. How personality is matched with the job?
8. Way of motivating the employees?
9. Some commonly used motivation techniques and programs?
10. Some groups present in between the employees.
11. Roles, norms and cohesiveness in the group.
12. What type of leadership is followed here?
13. Which method of communication is used?
14. What do think about conflict that is present at NCC?
15. How do you manage the conflict?
16. Is organization design fit to employee behavior?
17. What sorts of stress do you encounter with?

18. What are the certain forces that push for changes?
19. How do you manage the changes?