Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Eating fruits and vegetables can slow down the loss of muscle elasticity
that leads to wrinkles, boost your immunity making you less susceptible to illness,
and put the break on memory failure, as free radicals injure the brain cells
necessary for retaining information.
Antioxidants are also available in supplement form but are the most
powerful
when
found
in
whole
foods.
(www.antioxidantsnews.com/1017_antioxidants_fruits.html)
However, some fruits and vegetables may not provide a higher dose of
nutrients and has only limited number of nutrients present.
Pomegranate is an example of a super food, a nutrient-rich food
considered to be especially beneficial for health and well-being, foods recognized
for their excellent nutritional value as well as their potential for disease
prevention. Each pomegranate fruit contains hundreds of arils -- the sweet,
translucent red flesh covering each seed -- that contribute to your daily fruit
intake. Pomegranates boost your intake of essential vitamins, and might also
have a role in slowing the development of some types of cancer.
lifestyle
choices
(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health)
of
the
individual
and
society.
fruits
required
in
pharaoh's
residence
in
1600
BC
(http://www.foodreference.com/html/a-pomegranate-history.html)
Pomegranates are a so-called "super food". They are found in their raw
form, in juice and in a hundreds of products from candy to breakfast bars. The
health properties of pomegranates are studied for everything from cancer
prevention to skin care (Silje Mork Bjorndal). They are both nutritious and
delicious.
The edible parts of the fruit are the seeds and the red seed pulp
surrounding them. Pomegranate seeds are a great source of fiber, and the juice
contains vitamin C, potassium, iron, and polyphenol antioxidants. Three types of
polyphenols: tannins, anthocyanins, and ellagic acid are present in particularly
high levels in pomegranate juice, and have the most powerful health benefits.
(Silje Mork Bjorndal)
Dietary supplementation with nutrients rich in antioxidants is associated
with inhibition of atherogenic modifications to LDL, macrophage foam cell
formation, and atherosclerosis. Pomegranates are a source of polyphenols and
other antioxidants. (Aviram M, Dornfeld L, Rosenblat M, et. al).
Pomegranates supply a number of vitamins, including several recognized
for their antioxidant properties. One pomegranate supplies about 30 milligrams of
vitamin C, a vitamin needed for healthy skin and also a potent antioxidant. The
fruit also contains about 1.5 milligrams of vitamin E, another antioxidant vitamin
that supports immune function, communication between your cells, and helps
keep the lining of your blood vessels smooth. Antioxidant properties of these
vitamins also help reduce accumulation of free radicals in your body, naturallyoccurring chemicals that can raise your risk of chronic problems such as heart
disease and cancer. (Mar 13, 2014 | By Katie Kirkpatrick)
Pomegranates were also ranked high in terms of their antioxidant capacity.
How come? Well, according to Ms. Katie Kirkpatrick, author of Antioxidant
Level in Pomegranates,
developed a database for the antioxidant capacity of fruits, vegetables, spices and
nuts, which ranks food in terms of its oxygen radical absorbance capacity, or
OTAC. It also says that one cup of pomegranate juice contains 5923 micromoles
of Trolox Equivalent, TE, per 100 grams. TE is a measurement of antioxidant
strength. Based on a typical serving size, pomegranate juice ranks fifth behind
baking chocolate, elderberry, Red Delicious apples and Granny Smith apples.
Thats why Pomegranate juice's antioxidant capacity is similar to prunes, dark
chocolate and red wine.
Pomegranate juice could reduce stress in the workplace, according to new
research. Pomegranate can also be use as antioxidant for some workers. To relief
their stress because some of them are too hardworking to the point that they even
dont have a time for their body to relax and rest. Study found that having the
drink every day resulted in lower stress hormones and a reduction in blood
pressure.
(http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-
news/pomegranate-juice-could-reduce-workplace-stress-2293638.html)
Figure 1
Map of CEU Manila
9 Mendiola, San Miguel, Manila, Metro Manila
Conceptual Framework
The conceptual framework is composed of three parts, namely: Input,
Process and Output.
INPUT
PROCESS
Profile of the
respondents included
in the study
Collection and
extraction of
pomegranates
Responses of the
respondents on
pomegranate extracts
Determine the
perceptions of the
respondents on
pomegranate extracts
OUTPUT
Effect of the
antioxidant properties
of pomegranate extract
as a relief of stress and
improving the
workers health
Perceptions of the
respondents on fruit
extracts as a stress
reliever
Figure 2
The figure shows the processes done in the study. Using the IPO approach,
the input includes the profile of the respondents included in the study as well as
the responses from the respondents regarding pomegranate extracts. Meanwhile,
the process includes the collection of the pomegranate extract as well as
determining the perceptions of the respondents on the extract. Lastly, the output
will be the antioxidant properties of pomegranate extract as an efficient relief of
stress and improving the workers health and finding out their perception of the
extract.
Hypothesis
These are statements drawn regarding the outcome of the study before the
conclusion is reached.
1. Pomegranate plant contains alkaloid, mannite, ellagic acis and gallic acid. It
also contains polyphenol that provide the antioxidant activity.
2. The antioxidant properties of the pomegranate extract can kill the free radicals
that cause stress in the body.
3. The pomegranate extract is safe and economically feasible.
Assumptions
The research study assumes that the respondents will cooperate with the
study, they will be honest in expressing their feedback about the research, and
they are willing to volunteer with no doubts about this study. The researchers are
assuming that their study will help those people especially those who are busy
working people to relieve their stress. And also, researchers assume that their
study will be 100% effective in their respondents.
CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature and Studies
This chapter presents the review of related literature and related studies
about the antioxidant properties of pomegranate extracts in the relief of many
ailments.
In this chapter, the researchers included the different foreign and local
literatures that aid and inform the researchers and also the readers to further
understand its origin in a particular country, not only in the Philippines but also in
other countries. It also includes the different beliefs that this fruit was involved in.
This chapter also includes the different foreign and local study which relates it to
the research. It gives information based on the results on how the pomegranate
was used and studied in many ways.
Foreign Literature
According to a study led by Dr. Emad Al-Dujaili, 60 volunteers-different
employment background, he said that the juice can aid the busy workers to reduce
stress and maintain good health. The study found that the juice can lower stress
and reduction in blood pressure.
An article by Dr. Joseph Mercola (2014) "What are Pomegranates Good
For?" stated that Pomegranates contains three types of Antioxidant polyphenols,
such as tannis, anthocyanins, and ellagic acid. It provides your cell sufficient
protection against attack by reactive oxygen species. Dr. Mercola also mentioned
other benefits in drinking pomegranates extract, the antioxidants in it may reduce
arthritis symptoms, or inflammation in your joints. Pomegranates are also good
for the heart, improves blood flow and keeping the arteries from becoming thick.
They may even act as natural treatment for erectile dysfunction. She also
presented some simple steps on how people can create their own juice.
Pomegranates are full of nutrients, that protect body from oxidative stress,
reduce LDL cholesterol and blood pressure. The juice can reduces stress hormone;
cortisol, to a great extent. (mywellness.in/pomegranate-powerful-anti-oxidant/).
Cortisol has been associated to heart disease and drinking the pomegranate juice
has
shown
health
benefits.
(http://www.timeforwellness.org/blog-
view/pomegranate-lowers-stress-hormone-cortisol-294)
According to the book Cardiovascular Diseases: Nutritional and
Therapeutic Interventions by NilanjanaMaulik Ph.D. Pomegranate is a in vitro
antioxidant fruit, this has been attributed to ellagitannins, such as punicalgin that
are in this fruit. The antioxidant property and punicalagin content of Pomegranate
protects our body against CVDs (decrease in atherosclerosis risk factors such as
hypertension, platelet aggregation, oxidative stress, and blood lipid profile).
In another study by David Heber, Risa N. Schulman, Navindra P. Seeram
(2006) Pomegranate juice contains highest concentration of total polyphenols in
comparison to other fruit juices, Flavonoids are powerful antioxidants against
LDL oxidation. They are also capable protecting cell from free-radical-induced
oxidation. Pomegranate juice contains high polyphenolic flavonoids content.
Consumption of Pomegranate juice a glass per day for a year helped reduce the
oxidation of both LDL and HDL by up to 60%. The juice did not only inhibit LDL
oxidation but also was able to reduce macrophage oxidative stress
impairment.
(http://m.theepochtimes.com/n3/1028791-powerful-
disease-protection-from-pomegranate/)
According to Mark S. Meskin, Wayne R. Bidlack, R. and Keith Randolph
(2008), they stated that pomegranates polyphenols, can protect LDL against cell
mediated oxidation at least two pathways: direct interaction with polyphenols and
or indirect effect through polyphenol accumulation. It can reduce accumulation of
cholesterol.
Dr. Ferreira of University of Maryland Medical Center said pomegranates
grew in the garden of Eden, and the fruit has been used as a folk medicine for
thousands of years. More recently, it has been promoted as a "superfood" that can
relieve symptoms of many diseases. In laboratory tests, pomegranate shows
antiviral, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. But there is not yet strong
evidence that it works in humans to treat or prevent any condition. In addition,
there is some concern that pomegranate juice might interact with medications -much like grapefruit juice does -- making some less effective. Pomegranate fruit
extract is a rich source of polyphenols, chemicals in plants that provide their
flavor and color. Polyphenols are also antioxidants, meaning they help protect
cells from damage and may lower inflammation in the body. Pomegranate fruit is
also high in vitamin C. One pomegranate provides about 40% of the daily
requirement of this vitamin. The bark, fruit, root, and rind of the pomegranate tree
are used as medicine in Asia and the Middle East, but in the West the fruit and its
juice are usually the parts being studied. The juice and rind have antioxidant
properties, while the juice, rind, and oil from seeds contain isoflavones similar to
the
ones
in
soy.
(http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/pomegranate#ixzz3LPP5os2v
University of Maryland Medical Center)
Because it is high in antioxidants and other nutrients, some people think
that drinking pomegranate juice regularly may help prevent cancer. There is no
specific evidence of that, however. In test tubes, pomegranate extracts made from
juice, rind, and oil slow down the reproduction of cancer cells and may hasten
their death. Some extracts also help reduce blood supply to tumors, starving them
and making them smaller. Most studies have focused on breast and prostate
cancer cells. In one other study, pomegranate juice extract given to mice slowed
down the growth of lung tumors. However, most of these studies have been in test
tubes
or
in
animals,
not
humans.
(http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/pomegranate#ixzz3LPP5os2v
University of Maryland Medical Center )
In one human study, men who had surgery or radiation for prostate cancer
lengthened the amount of time it took for their PSA levels to double by drinking 8
oz. of pomegranate juice each day. Men whose PSA levels double in a short
period of time are more at risk for death from prostate cancer. Those who drank
pomegranate juice increased the time it took for their PSA levels to double from
about 15 months to 54 months, a significant increase. If you are being treated for
any cancer, be sure to ask your oncologist before you take pomegranate or any
herb or supplement. Some may interact with cancer medications, making the
medications less effective. Pomegranates high antioxidant content has also made
researchers wonder if it could treat heart disease. So far, the scientific studies have
been small and mostly done either in test tubes or animals. Pomegranate juice
seems to protect LDL (bad) cholesterol from damage. Some scientists think that
damage to LDL cholesterol causes plaque to build up in arteries, so stopping the
damage might help keep arteries clear. One study of mice with atherosclerosis
found that pomegranate juice slowed the growth of plaque formation. And a few
small studies in people found that pomegranate juice improved blood flow and
kept arteries from becoming thick and stiff. However, more and better studies are
needed to see exactly what benefit pomegranate juice might offer. There is some
preliminary evidence that drinking pomegranate juice every day may help lower
systolic blood pressure (the top number in a blood pressure reading) but not
diastolic blood pressure. (Source: Pomegranate | University of Maryland Medical
Center http://umm.edu/health/medical/altmed/herb/pomegranate#ixzz3LPP5os2v
University of Maryland Medical Center )
According to F. Benzer et. al (2011), antioxidants scavenge and suppress
formation of ROS, when there is insufficient amount of antioxidant, oxidative
stress may produce DNA damage. Antioxidant property of Pomegranates is due to
its high polyphenolics content. Their study concluded that Pomegranate possess a
potent free radical scavenging, antioxidant. The extract is capable of protecting
against oxidative damage to lipids.
polyphenols. Basic and applied research indicates that pomegranate juice (PJ),
produced from the Wonderful variety of Punica granatum fruits, has strong
antioxidant activity and related health benefits Although consumers are familiar
with the concept of free radicals and antioxidants, they are often misled by claims
of superior antioxidant activity of different beverages, which are usually based
only on testing of a limited spectrum of antioxidant activities. There is no
available direct comparison of Pomegranate juice's antioxidant activity to those of
other widely available polyphenol-rich beverage products using a comprehensive
variety of antioxidant tests. (http://nutritionaloncology.org/pomegranate.html)
Local Literature
In the article written by Daryl Lou A. Battad, she stated that With all of
the qualities and valued health benefits of the granada fruit, this commodity surely
deserves priority attention. In the Philippines, which has rich, vast soil and natural
resources and the weather conditions fit for growing pomegranates, it can be a
good move to start its commercial planting. (http://www.bar.gov.ph/digesthome/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936-oct-dec2012-appreciatinggranada-a-bombastic-fruit)
Pomegranates (Punica granatum), also referred to as granada or Chinese
apple, are believed to have originated in and around Persia (known today as Iran).
Their English name is derived from the French word pomme for apple, and
grenate for many seeds, hence the many seeded apple. There are several
varieties from blush pink to deep red, from tart to super sweet.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-andHealth-Benefits)
According to Asian legend, the pomegranate was the 'tree of life' in the
Garden of Eden, and from this belief it became the symbol of hope and eternal life
in early Christian arts. The many seeds of Pomegranate are supposed to be a
symbol of fertility. (http://www.stuartxchange.com/Granada.html)
The pomegranate fruit has a history that is rich and fascinating. The fruit
dates back to ancient times and originated in the Middle East. It was first
cultivated in Persia. Today pomegranates are cultivated throughout the Middle
East, Mediterranean and South East Asia. (http://hubpages.com/hub/TheFascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-Health-Benefits)
The pomegranate fruit is round with what appears to be a crown at the top.
Its skin is thick and deep red in color. It is categorized as a berry and the edible
seeds can be eaten raw or made into juice. The seeds can range from ruby red to
reddish purple and are both sweet and tart in taste. In the northern hemisphere,
pomegranates
are
in
season
from
September
through
February.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-Health-
Benefits)
The fruit was always held in high regard and represented fertility, life,
good health and resurrection to the ancient Middle Eastern people. Pomegranates
also have a negative connotation. A pomegranate has often symbolized death. This
is because the juice of the pomegranate looks similar to blood. Cut a pomegranate
in half and you will see the fruit "bleed". (http://hubpages.com/hub/TheFascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-Health-Benefits)
Nevertheless, there is so much hype about pomegranates and the health
benefits from adding this exotic fruit to your diet. Pomegranates contain an
unusually high level of flavanoids, which is a powerful antioxidant that protects
against
many
cancers
including
breast
and
prostate
cancer.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-HealthBenefits)
Pomegranates are high in Vitamins A, C, E, B and K. It is also rich in
minerals, such as potassium, zinc and calcium. (http://hubpages.com/hub/TheFascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-Health-Benefits)
Pomegranates keep the heart healthy, lowering LDL levels (the bad
cholesterol) and blood pressure, hence, reducing the risk of heart attack and
stroke. The calcium in pomegrantes will keep your bones and joints strong, thus
preventing osteoporosis, arthritis and osteoarthritis. This miracle fruit strengthens
the immune system and keeps your body healthy. Studies have shown that eating
pomegranates
regularly
can
even
prevent
Alzheimers
Disease.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-HealthBenefits)
The pomegranate fruit can actually slow down the aging process, help you
slim
down
and
keep
your
skin
look
young
and
vibrant.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-HealthBenefits)
The fruit can be eaten out of hand by deeply scoring several times
vertically and then breaking it apart. The decision is up to the consumer, whether
to suck the pulp from the seeds and then spit them out, or eat the seeds along with
the pulp. Pomegranate fruits are most often consumed as juice. The juice can be
used in a variety of ways: as a fresh juice, to make jellies, sorbets or cold or hot
sauces as well as to flavor cakes, baked apples, etc. (http://www.bar.gov.ph/digesthome/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936-oct-dec2012-appreciatinggranada-a-bombastic-fruit)
Pomegranates have many culinary uses in the Middle East and Asia.
Before the tomato arrived to the Middle East, grenadine was widely used in many
Persian foods; it can still be found in traditional recipes. The juice is used also in
traditional Caucasian, and Indian cooking. Grenadine is a concentrated
pomegranate syrup used to flavor drinks. The juice can also be made into a wine.
Pomegranate seeds are sometimes used as a spice. (http://www.bar.gov.ph/digesthome/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936-oct-dec2012-appreciatinggranada-a-bombastic-fruit)
The pomegranate fruit is equal to the apple in having a long storage life
and can be kept for a period of 7 months at cool temperature without shrinking or
spoiling. One of the best varieties is 'Wonderful', which, if picked and aged at
room temperature for a month or two, will develop the rich, sweet taste
characteristic of better-quality fruit varieties. (http://www.bar.gov.ph/digesthome/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936-oct-dec2012-appreciatinggranada-a-bombastic-fruit)
Now hyped as the new superfruit, pomegranates are rich in the nutrients
and antioxidants that carry potentials benefiting the overall health by targeting the
cellular and molecular structures of the body. Recent studies show that
pomegranates may be effective in fighting cancer proliferation. Pomegranatetreated tumor cells are said to increase cell adhesion and decrease cell migration.
This simply means that the disease is prevented from spreading to different parts
of the body, reducing the risk of cancer. (http://www.bar.gov.ph/digesthome/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936-oct-dec2012-appreciatinggranada-a-bombastic-fruit)
The tiny beads of fruit, full of precious oil and juice, are brilliant as drops
of blood or rubies. These "drops of blood" from the pomegranate when consumed
will help to build healthy red blood cells, according to the ancients who wrote the
"Law of Similars". (http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-ItsHistory-and-Health-Benefits)
Pomegranates have been consumed by man since before recorded history.
There is a saying in Hindi - "Ek anaar sau bemaar" - meaning one pomegranate
can serve one hundred sick people. From antient times, the fruit was valued for its
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-
and-Health-Benefits)
Pomegranate juice has been scientifically shown to help the body, as it is
rich in antioxidants, the molecules that protect the body from heart disease,
premature aging, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. It is a good antioxidant, greatly
improves blood quality, enriches blood (red blood cells count), contains lots of
iron, and increases hemoglobin. Pomegranate juice is excellently assimilated,
excites appetite, regulates stomach activity; it has diuretic, antiphlogistic,
antiseptic effects, and has a substance called a sterol that blocks the absorption of
cholesterol.
(http://www.bar.gov.ph/digest-home/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-
quarter/4936-oct-dec2012-appreciating-granada-a-bombastic-fruit)
Amongst its many uses, pomegranate juice is good for heart patients and
improves blood circulation. Because of its rich content of flavonoids and
antioxidant, which halt the processes of arterial aging, the pomegranate seed oil is
recommended in cases of reduced arterial blood flow. It is very beneficial in heart
attack prevention and cardiac health in general. Because pomegranates are rich in
potassium, they are appropriate for those suffering from hypertension. They help
avoid
excessive
numbers
of
both
systolic
and
diastolic
pressure.
(http://www.bar.gov.ph/digest-home/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936oct-dec2012-appreciating-granada-a-bombastic-fruit)
Pomegranates are of value in cases of gout, excess uric acid, and acid
causing obesity because of its alkalizing effect. Pomegranates are loaded with
Omega 5 CLA oils which have been found to neutralize acids associated with
arteriosclerosis,
breast
cancer,
prostate
cancer
and
especially
obesity.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-HealthBenefits)
The juice can also be used as an antiseptic when applied to cuts. Because
of their tannin content, extracts of the bark, leaves, immature fruit and fruit rind
have been given as astringents to halt diarrhea and dysentery and hemorrhages.
(http://hubpages.com/hub/The-Fascinating-Pomegranate-Its-History-and-HealthBenefits)
In 2008, the Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry ranked
pomegranate juice as the healthiest of all fruit juices. It is claimed to have higher
antioxidant potency than red wine, grape, cranberry, and apple juices.
(http://www.bar.gov.ph/digest-home/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936oct-dec2012-appreciating-granada-a-bombastic-fruit)
Here in the Philippines, although pomegranates are not given much
priority, some medical doctors are already prescribing pomegranate juice as food
supplement to their patients, particularly as an aid in lowering cholesterol levels
and other cardiac risk factors, and maintaining a healthy prostate in males.
(http://www.bar.gov.ph/digest-home/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936oct-dec2012-appreciating-granada-a-bombastic-fruit)
commercial
opportunities,
and
other
benefits.
(http://www.bar.gov.ph/digest-home/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-quarter/4936oct-dec2012-appreciating-granada-a-bombastic-fruit)
While there are research efforts for the local fruit industry in general, there
is a felt lack of support for the cultivation, management, harvesting and
postharvest handling of underutilized fruit crops. Comprehensive studies on their
marketability are needed to spur interest in these crops. Likewise, the nutritional
status has to be established and recognized by concerned public and private health
entities. And, finally, there must be existing policies and legal frameworks in
place regulating the use of the underutilized fruits-in this case, granada our fruit of
interest.
(http://www.bar.gov.ph/digest-home/digest-archives/368-2012-4th-
quarter/4936-oct-dec2012-appreciating-granada-a-bombastic-fruit)
Foreign Studies
Several studies stated the antioxidant properties of pomegranate. The two
of them are, First, it was said that pomegranate has 3 times the antioxidant
capacity of either wine or green tea. And the second study suggested that among
of the food materials chosen, pomegranate peel gave the maximum antioxidant
activity due to the presence of its high polyphenolic content. At a concentration of
beverages.
(http://www.naturalnews.com/024623_juice_antioxidant_pomegranate.html)
Pomegranate has this Amazing extract which improves the heart health,
reduces blood pressure, treats inflammation, reduces risk of cancers and tackles
sexual dysfunction. This extract from pomegranates promises to be a major multipurpose in all-natural pharmaceutical medicine which is being hailed by medical
experts as the biggest discovery in natural medicine since the discovery of Aspirin
in Willow trees in 1829. (http://www.pomegreat.com/press-area/article/newpomegranate-extract-could-be-the-biggest-breakthrough-in-natural-pharma)
The extract was tested in a 1.2 million research programme in UK, which
unlocks for the first time the beneficial properties of the skin and the pith of the
fruit, which have been too bitter for human consumption. Thats why scientists
estimated that more than 75% of the beneficial properties of the pomegranate is
already recognized by many experts and it was said, that one of the most
medicinal fruits in the world, are locked up in the skin and pith.
The new extract contains concentrated punicalagins, a beneficial phytonutrient
that is virtually unique to pomegranates. Punicalagins are found in the inedible
husk, rind and the inner yellow membranes surrounding the juice arils of the fruit.
Some punicalagins are found in the juice, but concentrations are low and
processing
methods
frequently
remove
the
benefits.
(http://www.pomegreat.com/press-area/article/new-pomegranate-extract-couldbe-the-biggest-breakthrough-in-natural-pharma)
Pomegranates are also the source of polyphenols and other antioxidants.
The dietary supplementation with nutrients rich in antioxidants is associated with
inhibition of atherogenic modifications to LDL, macrophage foam cell formation,
and atherosclerosis. (Michael Aviram, Leslie Dornfeld, et. al).
When they say polyphenols, these are a naturally occurring family of plant
chemicals that are known to function as antioxidants in the body. They are also
believed to help reduce the risks of cancer and cardiovascular disease and the
effects of aging. In addition to polyphenol content, the researchers also tested how
well the various beverages performed at scavenging free radicals and preventing
oxidation (decay) of LDL ("good") cholesterol. Once again, the pomegranate juice
outperformed all competitors, with an antioxidant potency composite index 20
percent
higher
than
any
other
beverage
tested.
(http://www.naturalnews.com/024623_juice_antioxidant_pomegranate.html)
there is a
justified argument for busy workers to drink pomegranate juice to help alleviate
chronic stress and maintain good health. There is a growing body of evidence that
pomegranate juice delivers wide-ranging health benefits that merit further
research. It is very rare indeed for an all-natural juice to offer the range of health
benefits
that
we
are
seeing
in
pomegranate
juice.
(http://www.pomegreat.com/press-area/article/workers-feel-less-stressed-thanksto-pomegranate-juice)
According to Dr. Kristal "Considering the expected epidemic of Chronic
Kidney Disease in the next decade, further clinical trials using pomegranate juice
aimed at reducing the high cardiovascular morbidity of Chronic Kidney Disease
patients and their deterioration to end-stage renal disease should be conducted"
Studies in recent years have claimed multiple use of pomegranate
including good source of antioxidants and lowers both cholesterol and blood
lipoprotein).
Pomegranate
offers
abundant
benefits
for
appears that daily consumpotion of pomegranate juice alone improved stressinduces ischemia in those patients.
The Israeli researchers proceeded to examine the effects of pomegranate
juice on the blood and the macrophages of human diabetics. The subjects received
50 milliliter of pomegranate juices daily. After three months, their blood and
macrophages status waf compared to controls. Pomegranate helped reduces
cellular oxygen radicals by 71% while increasing cellular antioxidants by 141%
Iranian researchers also evaluated the effect of pomegranate juice in the
mix of blood fats and cholesterol in diabetic patient. Twenty-two diabetics with
elevated blood lipids consumed 40 grams per day of cencentrated pomegranate
juices for eight weeks. Total cholesterol and LDL level decreased substantiallt,
demonstrating that pomegranate juices rmarkedly reduces cardiac risk factors in
diabetic patients. (http://www.lef.org/magazine/2007/5/report_pomegranate/Page01)
Local Studies
According to Soledad; Martnez, et. al. In their study, The
potent in vitro antioxidant ellagitannins from pomegranate juice
are metabolised into bioavailable but poor antioxidant hydroxy,
the antiatherogenic activity of pomegranate juice has been
attributed to its antioxidant polyphenols. The most potent in vitro
However,
the
this
juice
is
bioavailability
the ellagitannin
of
ellagitannins,
humans,
the
bioavailability
and
metabolism
of
diseases like cancer, cardiac disease and also in diabetes. It was already proven by
the different researchers and scientists around the world.
Lastly, pomegranate can be found here in the Philippines which the
researchers thought that it can only be found in other countries. In the article
written by Daryl Lou A. Battad, she stated that With all of the qualities and
valued health benefits of the granada fruit, this commodity surely deserves
priority attention. In the Philippines, which has rich, vast soil and natural
resources and the weather conditions fit for growing pomegranates, it can be a
good move to start its commercial planting. In the Philippines, the pomegranate
is commonly known as granada which is mostly found in the Divisoria market
in Manila.
CHAPTER 3
Method and Procedures
This chapter explains the methodology used or how the research was
conducted its subsequent sections are the methods of research, subjects of the
study, sampling technique, research and validation of instruments, procedure of
data gathering and statistical treatment.
It will provide information about the research method used in the study. It
includes the methods of research used to gather data and information to aid the
researchers in conducting the study. In the study, the researchers use the descriptive and
experimental method. The subject/respondents of the study are randomly selected
employees of Centro Escolar University Manila.
The research instruments are by the use of tests to gather information. It also
describes the procedures done by the researchers in obtaining the results and how it is
constructed.
After collecting the data, the researchers used a statistical treatment to organize
the data, and to interpret the data verbally and in digits with the aid of graphs, or charts.
Methods of Research
The descriptive and experimental methods of research will be used in the
study. Descriptive because this method seeks to find what is. It is used to
produce information about prevailing situations, or what is or has been happening
or the nature of things ((Cruz, C.U (2001), Principle Methods of Research: A
Simplified Approach p. 51)). The main objective of this type of research is to
explain the data and the results of the topic. Experimental because it is an
investigation, which uses manipulation and controlled testing to understand causal
processes ((Opina, Arlene S. et. al (2014), Business and Research Writing Manual
product and the questionnaire. This is to examine if the product will be effective
and to prove that the research about pomegranates were true. The control group
will be the bases if there are changes in the experimental group and it will also be
a guide to know if the result is either positive or negative.
Sampling Technique
Simple Random Sampling was used in this research since all of the adult
workers in CEU Manila have an equal chance of being included in the samples.
Simple Random Sampling is randomly selecting a sample from a larger
population, giving all the individuals in the sample an equal chance to be chosen.
In this technique, individuals with the ages of 21-29 and 30-60 are chosen at
random and not more than once to prevent a bias that would negatively affect
the validity of the result of the experiment.
Using the lottery method, a complete list of the CEU adult workers in a
selected department is acquired. The names of all employees are written on paper
cards and placed in a container. Then the researchers draw 15 names from the
container. The chosen names will be the sample of population; the selected sample
will be the subjects included in our study.
Research Instruments
The following instruments will be used in the conduct of the research:
1. References. These are references from books and the internet that
provides ideas and information related to the study.
this study depends on the nature of data and was stated in statistical tools in
research.
CHAPTER 4
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
T
Table 1
Age of the
%
Workers in
20-30
Centro
University
Escolar
31-40
32
49.23
41-50
25
38.46
51-60
12.31
Total
65
100
Table 1 Shows that the majority of the workers age with a Frequency and
percentage of (F=32, %= 32%) is ages 31-40.
Table 2
F
30
35
65
%
46.15
53.85
100
Table 2 shows that the majority of the respondents were male with a frequency of
35 or 35 while the 30 or 35% of the respondents were female.
Table 3
Antioxidant Properties in the Subjects
Subject
Mouse peritoneal macrophages
Cellular lipid peroxide
Glutathione levels
Total
Percentage
15
32
53
100
Table 3 shows that the majority of the subject that has the greatest antioxidant
property is Glutathione levels with a percentage of 53%.
Table 4
Nutrition value of Pomegranate (per 100mg edible portion)
Compositions
Water
Units
gm
Quantity
80-82.3
Energy
kcal
63-78
Protein
gm
0.5-0.95
Fat
gm
0.3-0.9
Carbohydrate
gm
16.4
Fiber
gm
0.2-0.6
Ash
gm
0.5
II.
Phosphorus
mg
8.0
Iron
mg
0.3
Potassium
mg
259
Calcium
mg
3.0
Sodium
mg
3.0
Manganese
mg
3.0
Zinc
mg
0.12
Magnesium
mg
0.15
Copper
mg
0.07
Selenium
mg
0.6
Panthothenic Acid
mg
0.596
Vitamin B1
mg
0.03
Vitamin B2
mg
0.03
Vitamin B3
mg
0.03
Vitamin C
mg
4-6
Graphical Presentation
Graph 1
Age of the workers in Centro Escolar University
total
51-60
F
41-50
31-40
20-30
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Graph 2
Total
Male
Female
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 100
Responden
ts According To Gender
Graph 3
Antioxidant Properties in the Subjects
Percentage
Total
Glutathione levels
Percentage
50%
100%
Graph 4
Nutrition value of Pomegranate (per 100mg edible portion)
Quantity
50
100
150
200
250
300
CHAPTER 5
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
This study seeks to explore some phenomenon why pomegranate extract is
efficient as a relief of stress among workers. The purpose of this study is to know
how important the extraction of pomegranate to our respondents. How the extract
is useful to the body aside from relieving of stress. In this chapter we will know
the different conclusions, summary and recommendations for this study to our
respondents.
Summary of Findings
Based on the results of findings, the following are enumerated:
1. Workers of Centro Escolar University
There were 65 respondents with most of them belonged to the 31-40 age
bracket with 49.23%. Meanwhile majority of the respondents were male with a
percentage of 35%, while the 30% of the respondents were female.
2.
such as; mouse peritoneal macrophages, cellular lipid peroxide, glutathione levels.
Majority of the subject has the antioxidant property of glutathione levels with a
percentage of 53%.
3.
This food is very low in Saturated Fat, Cholesterol and Sodium. It is also a
good source of Dietary Fiber and Folate, and a very good source of Vitamin C and
Vitamin K.
4. Antioxidant properties
In currents studies it shows that pomegranate shows the most
therapeutically beneficial antioxidants such as; ellagic acid (including
punnicalagin), gallic acid, brevifolin, corilagin. Some manufactured pomegranate
juice are made to contain 40% more of ellagic acid, due to its anticarcinogenic
and antioxidant properties.
5.
Based on the result of the study, the researchers would like to recommend
the following:
1. To conduct instrumental analysis to have more accurate list of the components
present in the pomegranate extract that exhibited the antioxidant property.
2. To design and formulate an appropriate dosage form.
3. To use pomegranate juice as an alternative food supplement.
4. To encourage adult workers to use pomegranate as a daily supplement.
5. The food establishment should produce more pomegranate juice in the
Philippine market.