Zaman University

Department of Civil Engineering

No. 8, St. 315, 12151 Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Introduction to
Environmental Engineering
Dr. BUNRITH SENG

Department of Civil Engineering, Zaman University

Mobile : +81 (0) 80 3259 9952

No. 8, St. 315, 12151 Phnom Penh, Cambodia

E-mail: seng.bunrith@gmail.com; bseng@itc.edu.kh

Environment & Engineering

What is Environment?

What is Engineering?

Environment
is
your
surroundings and whats around
you; your house, your garden,
your town, your shops, the hills
and rivers, the ocean, the air
and so on

The application of scientific and

mathematical
principles
to
practical ends such as the
design,
manufacture,
and
operation of efficient and
economical structures, machines,
processes, and systems.

Environmental Engineering
The integration of science and engineering principles to improve the
natural environment, to provide healthy water, air, and land for human
habitation and for other organisms, and to clean up pollution sites.
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Causes and Effects of Environmental Pollution

Consequences
Environmental Pollution
Water pollution
Air pollution
Land pollution

Direct human Health impacts

Destruction of ecosystem
Biodiversity reduction
Food chain contamination
Resource depletion, etc.

Water Pollution

Air Pollution

Land Pollution

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution

Causes of Water Pollution

Oil Spill

Industrial Wastewater

Water

Industrial and
Sewage Sludge

Solid Waste

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution

What happen if your water source becomes like this?

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution (Cont.)

Effects of Water Pollution
Groundwater contamination from pesticides causes
reproductive damage within wildlife in ecosystems.
Sewage, fertilizer, and agricultural run-off contain
organic materials that when discharged into waters,
increase the growth of algae, which causes the depletion
of oxygen. The low oxygen levels are not able to support
most indigenous organisms in the area and therefore
upset the natural ecological balance in rivers and lakes.

Swimming in and drinking contaminated water causes skin

rashes and health problems like cancer, reproductive
problems, typhoid fever and stomach sickness in
humans. Which is why its very important to make sure
that your water is clean and safe to drink.
Oil spills in the water causes animal to die when they
ingest it or encounter it. Oil does not dissolve in water so
it causes suffocation in fish and birds.

Causes and Effects of Water Pollution (Cont.)

Effects of Water Pollution (Cont.)
Industrial chemicals and agricultural pesticides that end up in aquatic
environments can accumulate in fish that are later eaten by humans. Fish
are easily poisoned with metals that are also later consumed by
humans. Mercury is particularly poisonous to small children and
women. Mercury has been found to interfere with the development of the
nervous system in fetuses and young children.
Ecosystems are destroyed by the rising temperature in the water, as coral
reefs are affected by the bleaching effect due to warmer
temperatures. Additionally, the warm water forces indigenous water
species to seek cooler water in other areas, causing an ecological damaging
shift of the affected area.
Human-produced litter of items such as plastic bags and 6-pack rings can
get aquatic animals caught and killed from suffocation.
Water pollution causes flooding due to the accumulation of solid waste and
soil erosion in streams and rivers.
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Causes and Effects of Air Pollution

Fossil burning

Causes of Air
Pollution
CO, CO2, SOx, NOx,
Particulate matters,
Others

Volcano eruption

Vehicle exhaust fumes

Agricultural activities

Forest fire/Burning

Construction

Causes and Effects of Air Pollution (Cont.)

Effects of Air Pollution
Air pollution causes irritation in the throat, nose, lungs and eyes. It causes
breathing problems and aggravates existing health conditions such as
emphysema and asthma.
Contaminated air reduces the bodys defenses and decreases the bodys
capacity to fight other infections in the respiratory system.
Frequent exposure to polluted air increases the risk of cardiovascular
disease. Breathing air that is filled with fine particulate matter can induce
hardening of the arteries, triggering cardiac arrhythmia or even a heart
attack.
People who exercise outdoors are susceptible to the adverse effects of air
pollution because it involves deeper and faster breathing.
Acid rain contains hydrogen ions, which can damage trees, crops, harm
marine animals and induce corrosion in metals.
Smog causes harmful health effects in humans and animals. Studies have
shown signs of black lung disease in dolphins of due to high concentrations
of carbon particles in the air.
People afflicted with heart disease, children and older people are more
sensitive to air pollution.

Causes and Effects of Land Pollution

What are Causes and Effects of Land

Pollution?

Your Task!

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Causes and Effects of Land Pollution (Cont.)

Causes of Land Pollution
Deforestation and soil erosion
Agricultural activities
Mining activities
Overcrowded landfill
Industrialization
Construction activities
Nuclear waste
Sewage treatment
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Causes and Effects of Land Pollution (Cont.)

Effects of Land Pollution

Soil pollution (degradation)

Change in climate patterns
Environmental impact
Effect on human health
Cause air pollution
Distraction of tourist
Effect on wildlife

https://sites.google.com/site/projectsoilpollution1/causes

http://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effectssolutions-of-land-pollution.php

Case study on Soil pollution in India

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