FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM DAN ALAM SEKITAR

JABATAN KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

GEOMATIC LABORATORY
Subject Code
Practicle Title

BFC 2111
SETTING OUT WORKS ( STRUCTURE )

Course Code
Date of Practicle
No. of Group
Group Leader
Name of Group Members

Lecturers Name
Mark

Examiners Comment

1.0 INTRODUCTION .

Introduction
Objective
Theory
Equipment
Procedure
Data / Table
Data Analysis
Discussion
Plotting / Present
Conclusion / Recommendation
Revision
Mark
Approval Receive

Construction surveying which is also known as lay-out or setting-out is to stake out reference
points and markers that will guide the construction of new structures such as roads or buildings.
Construction surveying is generally performing the following tasks :

survey existing conditions of the future work site, including topography, existing
buildings and infrastructure even including underground infrastructure whenever possible
for example, measuring invert elevations and diameters of sewers at manholes .

stake out reference points and markers that will guide the construction of new structures

recognize the location of structures during construction

conduct an As-Built surveying: a survey conducted at the end of the construction project
to verify that the work authorized was completed to the specifications set on plans.

In this setting out work, we transfer all the measurement from plan plotted to the land
surface. This process is including points and lines for determine the location and level for
structure in construction drawings. This is first stage of setting out work.

2.0 OBJECTIVE .
The aim of this practical is to expose student in field work procedures of setting out building
for engineering structure.

3.0 LEARNING OUTCOME .

Carry out accurate setting out.

Carry out all the necessary calculations to establish the setting-out points.

Work as a team in order to execute a large scale surveying work.

Produce and present an engineering report on an engineering survey work.

4.0 THEORY .
Setting out is the translation of construction plans into physical points on the ground that can
be used as a basis for the actual construction. Construction surveying provides not only the
horizontal location of new structure, but also the vertical information required. The setting out
survey consists of locating and marking horizontal and vertical control points of the layout
structure. The Setting Out surveying will start with calculates information from the drawing to
ensure that :

Buildings can be positioned correctly along with all the necessary structural

2
3

components within it.

All the structural components are built to the correct level.
Lines and levels for structural, roads, drainage and earthworks are provided.

When a site layout design has finish plotted , all the information is accurately transferred
onto site. Using the latest survey instruments setting out points can set out on site required, base
on design drawing and design co-ordinates. In additional the setting out work also include the

check survey at various stages throughout the construction process; which involve the
independent checking of points set out by other, where quality monitoring is required.

5.0 EQUIPMENT .
Total station ( 1 set )
Prism ( 1 set )
Mini prism ( 1 set )
Pole ( 1 set )
Tripod ( 2 sets )
Tape
Pegs ( 6 sets )
Hammer

6.0 PROCEDURE

Firstly, determine the station within or near the site as a set point before the setting out

work is done.
Then, set up the total station at the station 1 and set up the prism at point A as a reference

bearing.
After that, to plot the point A, used the tape measurement to determine the istance
between the station 1 to A. Then, used the mini prism at the point A and to get the bearing

by using total station.

Then, repeat the procedure for measure the bearing and the distance from station 1 to

each point such as B, C, D, E and F.

After all the works done, the checking work can be done by using the tape measurement

for each point referred to the fixed distance.

Then compared the distance measured by the tape with the distance from the autocad .
Then marked the layout with sand and labeled as Group 13 .

7.0 RESULTS .
By setting out, we get all the point for the purposed building. But, we have to check to make
sure the distance whether it was same as in the drawing. To check the distance, we used
calculation and measurement by tape. For calculation, our group used the triangle method. After
calculate the distance, we use tape to measure every distance from point to point. Below shows
the distance we have made.

4m
C

8m

E
F

1
A

B
4m

STN

4m

TO

BEARING

HZ DISTANCE

2
A

219 06 00
243 40 53

32.476
12.323

1
B
C
D

63 40 53
270 00 00
315 00 00
333 26 06

12.323
8.000
11.314
8.944

1
A

REMARKS

E
F

315 00 00
00 00 00

5.567
4.000

EXAMPLE MANUAL CALCULATION ( HORIZONTAL DISTANCE ) :

AC = 82 + 82 = 11.314 m .
STN

ON SITE

AC
AD
AE
BD
BE
BF

11.270
8.900
5.600
8.960
5.640
8.960

MANUAL
CALCULATION
11.314
8.944
5.657
8.940
5.657
8.940

DIFFERENCE
0.044
0.044
0.017
0.020
0.017
0.020

EXAMPLE MANUAL CALCULATION ( BEARING ) :

angle AC : tan = 8 / 4
= 45 .
angle AC = 45 + 270 = 315 .
STN
AC
AD
AE

ON SITE
315
333.4
315

MANUAL CALCULATION
315 00 00
333 26 06
315 00 00

8.0 DISCUSSION .
In area of our traverse site, we found that there are open space without any construction
where we can construct a new building called proposed building . We need to construct the Lshape building before setting out . We draw the L-shape building using the Auto-Cad in

tachometry plan . At this empty area, our group had done the setting out point by referred the
pasca-survey plan that given.

After done the setting out at this area, we know that there are several point should be
taking where the setting out must be doing after we calculate the bearing at each point. After we
shoot using the total station to the mini prism at each point by insert the bearing that has been
calculated. We then can determine where is the exact point can be located. There are some
difference value of distance between the real one and the value that being calculated. There
might be happened some errors in setting the bearing or the angle is not exactly 90.
9.0 CONCLUSION .
For conclusion, we found that setting out is important in civil engineering work. Setting
out is add on from tacheometry survey because with this method, we can found any opened
space by looking at the tacheometry plan. Besides that, if we need that space but there are many
trees there, so we can plan to cut it from tacheometry plan. So, we can know which place is
suitable to make any construction. After the setting out is finish, we can determine the point and
the area for the purposed structure. The location of the setting out point is at the large area
include the traverse area. After all the works finish, we can learn the setting out process and how
to get the bearing and distance as in objective and we can apply it in the future work