Lab-1 pre work

1) There is no magnetic insulator but there are a number of electric insulators. Explain

2) A 2cm long coil has 10 turns and carries a current of 750mA. What is the
magnetizing force of the coil?
3) What are the two most important differences between magnetic and electric
circuits?

4) What is the difference between resistor, inductor and capacitor?

5) What is transformer?

6) What is the difference of Ammeter and Voltmeter?

7) Why high voltage supply should have high internal resistance. Why?

Possible Answers
1. There is no magnetic insulator. For example flux can be set up even in air with
reasonable m.m.f. There are a large number of electric insulators. For example
Air is a very good insulator and current cannot pass through it.
2. Although energy is necessary in order to setup a magnetic flux, no energy is required to
maintain it. This supplied energy is stored in the magnetic field. When the magnetic field
collapses (by opening the circuit switch), the stored magnetic energy is returned to the
circuit. However, energy is consumed in an electric circuit.
3. Magnetizing force, H= NI/l= (10*{750*10e-3})/(2*10e-2)= 375 AT/m

4. (I) No energy is expanded in a magnetic circuit. In other words, energy is required to

create flux but not to maintain it. When current flows in an electric circuit, energy is
consumed so long as the current flows. The expanded energy flows in the form of heat
(II) The reluctance of a magnetic circuit is not constant rather it depends upon flux
density (B) in the magnetic circuit. However, the resistances of an electric circuit is
practically constant. It is because the value of resistivity varies very slightly with
temperature.
5. The resistor, capacitor and the inductor form linear relationships between voltage and
current. All three are elementary circuit elements. The resistor is the simplest circuit
element. In a resistor, the voltage is proportional to the current, with constant of
proportionality R is known as "resistance." Capacitor is the place for storing charge. The
charge in the capacitor is proportional to the voltage .The constant of proportionality or
the Capacitance is expressed in units of farads (F), named after the English physicist
Michael Faraday. If the voltage across a capacitor is constant, then the current flowing is
as good as zero. The inductor stores magnetic flux. Inductors of high values are capable
of storing more flux. Inductance are expressed in units of henry (H), named after the
physician Joseph Henry.

6. A transformer is a static piece of equipment used for raising or lowering the voltage of an
A.C. supply with a corresponding increase or decrease in current.
7. An ammeter is an instrument that is used to measure the currents in a circuit. A voltmeter is an instrument
that is used to measure the voltage between two points in a circuit.
8. If the internal resistance of a high voltage supply is small, then on accidental short circuit a damaging large
current will flow through the source of e.m.f. This may damage the high voltage source. For this, a high
voltage supply should have high internal resistance.