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Influence of Marble Powder on Mechanical Properties of Mortar and Concrete

Mix
Thispaperaimstofocusonthepossibilitiesofusingwastematerialsfromdifferentmanufacturingactivities
inthepreparationofinnovativemortarandconcrete.Theuseofwastemarblepowder(dust)wasproposed
inpartialreplacementofcement,fortheproductionofMortarandConcreteMix.Inparticular,testswere
conducted on the mortars and concrete mix cured for different times in order to determine their
workability,flexuralaswellascompressivestrength.Partialreplacementofcementbyvaryingpercentage (/component/banners/click/199.html)
ofmarblepowderrevealsthatincreasedwastemarblepowder(WMP)ratioresultinincreasedworkability
andcompressivestrengthsofthemortarandconcrete.
Er. Tanpreet Singh and Er. Anil Kumar Nanda, Associate Professor & Head Surya School of Engg. &
Tech.SuryaWorld,Rajpura
Introduction
BlendedcementsbasedonthepartialreplacementofPortlandcementclinker(PC)bywasteshavebeen
(/component/banners/click/14.html)
the subject of many investigations in recent years. The use of the replacement materials offer cost
reduction, energy savings, arguably superior products, and fewer hazards in the environment. These
materials participate in the hydraulic reactions, contributing significantly to the composition and
microstructure of hydrated product. In building industry, Marble has been commonly used for various
purposeslikeflooring,claddingetc.,asabuildingmaterialsincetheancienttimes.Theindustry'sdisposal
ofthemarblepowdermaterial,consistingofveryfinepowder,todayconstitutesoneoftheenvironmental
problems around the world. In India, marble dust is settled by sedimentation and then dumped away
which results in environmental pollution, in addition to forming dust in summer and threatening both
agriculture and public health. Therefore, utilization of the marble dust in various industrial sectors
especiallytheconstruction,agriculture,glassandpaperindustrieswouldhelptoprotecttheenvironment.
Some attempts have been made to find and assess the possibilities of using waste marble powder in
mortarsandconcretesandresultsaboutstrengthandworkabilitywerecomparedwithcontrolsamplesof
conventionalcementsandmortar/concrete.
(/component/banners/click/200.html)
Methodology
Tocarryouttheproposedstudycubesofmortar(1:3)withvaryingpartialreplacementofcementwiththe
same amount of WMP were cast and tested at three different intervals of 7days. Their results were
comparedwiththoseofstandard(1:3)mortarandconcretecubes.Detailofmortarmixhasbeenshownin
Table1.
Table1:MortarMix(1:3)Proportionwhencementwasreplaced.
ViewOnline
%Replacement
0%
5%
10%
15%
(http://nbmcw.com/Online_Edition/NBMCW/October
2015/index.htm)
Cement
1200
1140
1080
1020
DownloadLatestIssue
3600
3600
3600
3600
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?Sand
option=com_ars&view=download&id=180)
MarblePowder

60

120

180

20%
960
3600
240

PreviousIssues
Water
528
528
528
528
528
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=32475:nbmcw
W/Cratio
.44
.46
.49
.51
.53
archives
2014&catid=9:nbmcwissue
In the same way cube specimens and beams samples of M35 grade of concrete have been tested in
archive&Itemid=216)
laboratory for which each percentage of marble powder i.e. 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Three
propertiesofconcretenamelyworkability,compressivestrengthandflexuralstrengthhavebeenselected
forstudyandevaluatedaccordingtoIS:11991959andIS:5161959respectively.Beforeinitiatingthe
testpropertiesofmaterialsweredeterminedaccordingtorespectiveIScodes.Thepropertiesareshownin
Table2.
Table2:MaterialProperties
Material

Fineness/FinenessModulus

SpecificGravity

Cement

0.225(m2/g)

3.12

FineAggregate

2.60

2.71

(/component/banners/click/198.html)

CourseAggregate
2.96
2.85
ViewOnline
(http://nbmcw.com/Online_Edition/MGS/October
MarblePowder
1.5(m2/g)
2.67
2015/index.htm)
DownloadLatestIssue
Consistencyofcementis30%.
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?Initialandfinalsettingtimeofcementis127minutesand420minutesrespectively.
option=com_ars&view=download&id=182)
FineaggregateconformstozoneIIIasperIS:3831970.
PreviousIssues
MixDesign
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=32726:mgs
BasedontheIndianStandard(IS:102621982),designmixforM35gradeofconcretewaspreparedby
partially replacing fine aggregate with five different percentages by weight of marble granules (0%, 5%,

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architecturearchives

10%,15%,and20%).ThemixproportionforM35Gradesofconcretewithvaryingpercentageofmarble

2014&catid=12:mgsissue granulesispresentedinTable3.
archive&Itemid=217)
Table3:MixProportionforConcreteMix
Mix

M35

Materials

MixProportion

(http://www.alexa.com/data/details/main?
url=http://www.nbmcw.com)

%Marble

Sand(kg)

WasteMarble(kg)

C:w:fa:Ca:Wm

635

1:0.40:1.59:2.91:0.00

603.25

31.75

1:0.40:1.51:2.91:0.08

10

571.5

63.5

1:0.40:1.42:2.91:0.158

15

539.75

95.25

1:0.40:1.35:2.91:0.238

20

508

127

(http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/www.nbmcw

1:0.40:1.27:2.91:0.318
ViewOnline
Cementcontentandcoarseaggregateis400kgand1165kgrespectivelywhileW/Cis0.40foreachmix
(http://nbmcw.com/Online_Edition/Pullout/July
proportion.
2015/index.htm)
DownloadLatestIssue
ResultsandDiscussions
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?
MortarMix
option=com_ars&view=download&id=173)
PreviousIssues
28daysCompressiveStrengthTestonMortar
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=32949:lifting
Test results tor every specimen were shown below in Table 4. It is observed here that with increase of
andspecialisedtransport WMP(replacingcement)thestrengthfallswhentheWMPis15%or20%.
archives
2014&catid=92:liftingand
Table4:CompressivestrengthforMortarMix(N/mm2).
specialised
transport&Itemid=234)
CuringDays
5%
10%
15%
20%
28days

39.6

37.1

35.2

34.6

ViewOnline
DownloadLatestIssue
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?
option=com_ars&view=download&id=181)
PreviousIssues
(http://nbmcw.com/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=6455:iitw
issue
ConcreteMix
archive&catid=84:iitw&Itemid=218)
Workability
It is observed here that degree of workability is medium as per IS 4562000. The slump values of the
concretesobtainedfromwastemarblegranulesmixgavenegligibleeffectascomparedtonormalconcrete
mixasshowninTable5.
Table5:SlumpValueforConcreteMix
%Replacement

Slumpvalue(mm)

55

57

10

63

15

65

20

66

CompressiveStrength
ThetestresultsarealsopresentedinTable6.Byincreasingthewastemarblegranulesthecompressive
strengthvaluesofconcretetendstoincreaseateachcuringage.Thistrendcanbeattributedtothefact
thatmarblegranulespossesscementingproperties.Itisalsoasmucheffectiveinenhancingcohesiveness
duetolowerfinenessmodulusofthemarblepowderorgranulesboth.Furthermore,themeanstrengthof
concretemixeswithmarblegranuleswas510%higherthanthereferenceconcretes.However,thereisa
slightdecreaseincompressivestrengthvalueconcretemixwhen20%marblegranuleisusedascompared
withthatof15%marblegranulemix.
Table6:CompressiveStrengthforConcreteMix(N/mm2).
Days

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

7days

31.3

32

34.5

33.7

32.9

14days

34.8

36.1

38.3

35.4

34.7

28days

39.2

40.8

42.9

41.1

38.8

FlexuralStrengthTest
TheflexuralstrengthcalculationsaredoneasperIS:5161959.Theresultsoftheflexuralstrengthtests
for the waste marble powder mix concrete are shown in Table 7. The results show that the flexural
strength of waste marble mix concrete increases with the increase of thewaste marble ratio in these
mixtures.Thistrendcanagainbeattributedtothefactthatmarblegranulespossesscementingproperties.
Table7:FlexuralStrengthforConcreteMix(N/mm2).
CuringDays

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

28days

4.9

5.1

5.3

5.5

5.4

Conclusions
MortarMix
Marble powder is partially replaced in cement by weight there is a marked reduction in compressive
strengthvaluesofmortarmixwithincreasingmarblepowdercontentwhencomparedwithcontrolsample
ateachcuringage.
MarbleMixConcrete
The slump values of the concretes obtained from waste marble granules mix gave negligible effect as
compared to normal concrete mix. Degree of workability is medium conforming to IS: 456 2000. The
meanstrengthofallconcretemixeswithmarblegranuleswas510%higherthanthereferencesconcrete
conforming to IS: 4562000. The flexural strength of waste marble mix concrete increases with the
increaseofthewastemarbleratiointhesemixtures.
References
Agarwal, S. K., and D. Gulati. 2006. Utilization of industrial wastes and unprocessed microfillers for
makingcosteffectivemortars.ConstructionandBuildingMaterials,20:9991004.
BaharDemirel, (2010), "The effect of the using waste marble dust as fine sand on the mechanical
propertiesoftheconcrete,"InternationalJournalofthePhysicalSciences,5(9),pp13721380.
HameedMSandSekarASS(2009)PropertiesofGreenConcretecontainingQuarryRockDustand
MarbleSludgepowderasafineaggregateARPNJEngineeringAppliedSciences4:8389.
HanifiBinici, Hasan Kaplan and SalihYilmaz, (2007), "Influence of marble and limestone dusts as
additivesonsomemechanicalpropertiesofconcrete,"ScientificResearchandEssay,2(9),pp372379.
IS:3831970,SpecificationforCoarseandFineAggregatefromNaturalSourcesforConcreteBureau
ofIndianStandards,NewDelhi.
IS:102621982RecommendedGuidelinesforConcreteMixDesignBureauofIndianStandards,New
Delhi.
IS: 4562000, Plain and Reinforced ConcreteCode of PracticeBureau of Indian Standards, New
Delhi.

IS:5161959,MethodsofTestsforStrengthofConcreteBureauofIndianStandards,NewDelhi.
IS:81121989,43GradeOrdinaryPortlandcementSpecification,BureauofIndianStandards,New
Delhi.
Mehta,P.K.2002.GreeningoftheConcreteIndustryforSustainableDevelopment,Concr.Int.,24:
(7):2327.
Topu,I.B.,T.Bilir,andT.Uygunoglu.2009.Effectofwastemarbledustcontentasfilleronproperties
ofselfcompactingconcrete.ConstructionandBuildingMaterials,23:19471953.
NBMCWJune2012

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