VMware

VMware, Inc. is an American company that provides

cloud and virtualization software and services,[2][3][4] and
claims to be the rst to commercially successfully virtualize the x86 architecture.[5] Founded in 1998, VMware
is based in Palo Alto, California. In 2004 it was acquired
by and became a subsidiary of EMC Corporation, then
on August 14, 2007, EMC sold 15% of the company in
a New York Stock Exchange IPO. The company trades
under the symbol VMW.[6]

will be modestly below the previous guidance of 50%

growth over 2007. As a result, market price of VMware
dropped nearly 25%. Then, on September 10, 2008,
Rosenblum, the companys chief scientist, resigned.

VMwares desktop software runs on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X, while its enterprise software hypervisors for servers, VMware ESX and VMware
ESXi, are bare-metal hypervisors that run directly on
server hardware without requiring an additional underlying operating system.[7]

On April 12, 2011, VMware released an open source

platform-as-a-service system called Cloud Foundry, as
well as a hosted version of the service. This supported
application deployment for Java, Ruby on Rails, Sinatra,
Node.js, and Scala, as well as database support for
MySQL, MongoDB, Redis, Postgres, RabbitMQ.[17]

On September 16, 2008, VMware announced its collaboration with Cisco to provide joint data center solutions.
One of the rst results of this is the Cisco Nexus 1000V,
a distributed virtual software switch that will be an integrated option in the VMware infrastructure.[16]

In March 2013, VMware gave details of a spin-o of

Pivotal. All of VMwares application- and developer1 History
oriented products, including Spring, tc Server, Cloud
Foundry, RabbitMQ, GemFire, and SQLFire were transIn 1998, VMware was founded by Diane Greene, Mendel ferred to this organization.[18] It also announced that it
Rosenblum, Scott Devine, Ellen Wang and Edouard was introducing its own IaaS service, vCloud Hybrid SerBugnion. Greene and Rosenblum, who are married, rst vice, in a shift of its strategy of selling software to cloud
met while at the University of California, Berkeley.[8] service providers.
Edouard Bugnion remained the chief architect and CTO In April 2013, Pivotal was formally created with GE as a
of VMware until 2005,[9] and went on to found Nuova minority shareholder.
Systems (now part of Cisco). For the rst year, VMware
operated in stealth mode, with roughly 20 employees In May 2013, VMware launched vCloud Hybrid Service
by the end of 1998. The company was launched o- at its new Palo Alto headquarters (vCloud Hybrid Ser[19]
cially early in the second year, in February 1999, at the vice now known as vCloud Air), announcing an early
DEMO Conference organized by Chris Shipley.[10] The access program in a Las Vegas data center. The service is
rst product, VMware Workstation, was delivered in May designed to function as an extension of its customers ex1999,[11] and the company entered the server market in isting vSphere installations, with full compatibility with
2001 with VMware GSX Server (hosted) and VMware existing virtual machines virtualized with VMware software and tightly integrated networking. The service is
ESX Server (hostless).[12]
based on vCloud Director 5.1/vSphere 5.1.
In 2003, VMware launched VMware Virtual Center, the
VMotion, and Virtual SMP technology. 64-bit support In September 2013 at VMworld San Francisco, VMware
appeared in 2004. The same year, the company was ac- announced general availability of vCloud Hybrid Service
and expansion to Sterling, Virginia, Santa Clara, Caliquired by EMC Corporation for US$625 million.[13]
fornia, Dallas, Texas, and a service beta in the UK. It
In August 2007, EMC released 15% of the companys also pre-announced a disaster recovery and desktop-as-ashares in VMware in an initial public oering on the New service oering based on Desktone, which it went on to
York Stock Exchange. The stock debuted at US$29 per acquire in October 2013.
share and closed the day at $51.[14]
On July 8, 2008, VMware co-founder, president and
CEO Diane Greene, was unexpectedly red by the
VMware Board of Directors and replaced by Paul Maritz,
a retired 14-year Microsoft veteran who was heading
EMCs cloud computing business unit.[15] In the same
news release VMware stated that 2008 revenue growth
1

3 PRODUCTS

1.1

Acquisitions

1.2

Litigation

In March 2015, the Software Freedom Conservancy announced it was funding litigation by Christoph Hellwig
against VMware for violation of his copyrights in its
ESXi product. The case will be heard in Hamburg,
Germany.[39] The SFC claims VMware is using both the
Linux kernel and Busybox without respecting the terms
of the GPL copyright license, while VMware told journalists that it believed the case was without merit[40] and
expressed disappointment that Conservancy had resorted
to litigation.[41]

Core product design

VMware developed a range of products, most notable

of which are their hypervisors. VMware became well
known for their rst type 2 hypervisor known as GSX.
This product has since evolved into two hypervisor products lines, VMwares type 1 hypervisors running directly
on hardware, along with their hosted type 2 hypervisors.
VMware software provides a completely virtualized set of
hardware to the guest operating system.[42] VMware software virtualizes the hardware for a video adapter, a network adapter, and hard disk adapters. The host provides
pass-through drivers for guest USB, serial, and parallel
devices. In this way, VMware virtual machines become
highly portable between computers, because every host
looks nearly identical to the guest. In practice, a system
administrator can pause operations on a virtual machine
guest, move or copy that guest to another physical computer, and there resume execution exactly at the point of
suspension. Alternatively, for enterprise servers, a feature
called vMotion allows the migration of operational guest
virtual machines between similar but separate hardware
hosts sharing the same storage (or, with vMotion Storage,
separate storage can be used, too). Each of these transitions is completely transparent to any users on the virtual
machine at the time it is being migrated.
VMware Workstation, Server, and ESX take a more optimized path to running target operating systems on the
host than that of emulators (such as Bochs) which simulate the function of each CPU instruction on the target
machine one-by-one, or that of dynamic recompilation
which compiles blocks of machine-instructions the rst
time they execute, and then uses the translated code directly when the code runs subsequently (Microsoft Virtual PC for Mac OS X takes this approach.) VMware
software does not emulate an instruction set for dierent
hardware not physically present. This signicantly boosts
performance, but can cause problems when moving virtual machine guests between hardware hosts using different instruction-sets (such as found in 64-bit Intel and
AMD CPUs), or between hardware hosts with a dier-

ing number of CPUs. Software that is CPU agnostic can

usually survive such a transition, unless it is agnostic by
forking at startup, in which case, the software or the guest
OS must be stopped before moving it, then restarted after
the move.
VMwares products predate the virtualization extensions to the x86 instruction set, and do not require
virtualization-enabled processors. On newer processors,
the hypervisor is now designed to take advantage of the
extensions. However, unlike many other hypervisors,
VMware still supports older processors. In such cases,
it uses the CPU to run code directly whenever possible
(as, for example, when running user-mode and virtual
8086 mode code on x86). When direct execution cannot
operate, such as with kernel-level and real-mode code,
VMware products use Binary translation (BT) to re-write
the code dynamically. The translated code gets stored in
spare memory, typically at the end of the address space,
which segmentation mechanisms can protect and make
invisible. For these reasons, VMware operates dramatically faster than emulators, running at more than 80% of
the speed that the virtual guest operating-system would
run directly on the same hardware. In one study VMware
claims a slowdown over native ranging from 06 percent
for the VMware ESX Server.[43]
VMwares approach avoids some of the diculties of
virtualization on x86-based platforms. Virtual machines
may deal with oending instructions by replacing them,
or by simply running kernel-code in user-mode. Replacing instructions runs the risk that the code may fail to nd
the expected content if it reads itself; one cannot protect code against reading while allowing normal execution, and replacing in-place becomes complicated. Running the code unmodied in user-mode will also fail, as
most instructions which just read the machine-state do
not cause an exception and will betray the real state of the
program, and certain instructions silently change behavior in user-mode. One must always rewrite; performing a
simulation of the current program counter in the original
location when necessary and (notably) remapping hardware code breakpoints.
Although VMware virtual machines run in user-mode,
VMware Workstation itself requires the installation of
various drivers in the host operating-system, notably to
dynamically switch the Global Descriptor Table (GDT)
and the Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT).
The VMware product line can also run dierent operating systems on a dual-boot system simultaneously by
booting one partition natively while using the other as a
guest within VMware Workstation.

3 Products

3.5

3.1

Virtual desktop infrastructure

Desktop software

3.5 Virtual desktop infrastructure

VMware Horizon View, a virtual desktop infrastruc VMware Workstation (rst product launched by
ture (VDI) solution.
VMware in 1999). This software suite allows
users to run multiple instances of x86 or x86-64 compatible operating systems on a single physical
3.6 Application management
PC.
VMware Fusion provides similar functionality for
users of the Intel Mac platform, along with full
compatibility with virtual machines created by other
VMware products.
VMware Player version 7.10 was freeware for noncommercial use, without requiring a licence for
VMware Workstation or VMware Fusion; or for
commercial use with permission. After version
7, VMware Player became VMware Workstation
Player version 12.

VMware Workspace Portal - a self-service app store

for workspace management[47]

3.7 Backup software

In April 2011, EMC transferred control of Mozy to
VMware.[48]

Mozy produced MozyHome and MozyPro.[49] MozyHome is the consumer version of the Mozy backup service. It is available to buy on a monthly subscription.[50]
MozyPro is the business version of the Mozy backup service. MozyPro requires a separate license for each com3.2 Server software
puter that is being backed up, as well as a server license
VMware has produced two virtualization products for for any server that is being backed up. Customers then
pay per gigabyte of data they have in the data center.[51]
servers:
1. VMware vSphere[44] (also called ESXi), an
enterprise-level product, can deliver greater performance than the freeware VMware Server, due to
lower system overhead. VMware ESXi, as a baremetal product, runs directly on the server hardware,
allowing virtual servers to also use hardware more or
less directly. In addition, VMware ESXi integrates
into VMware vCenter, which oers extra services
2. VMware Server (formerly called GSX Server"; obsolete as of 2011)[45] was[46] also provided free
of charge for non-commercial use, like VMware
Player, and can also set up virtual machines. As a
hosted application, VMware Server runs within an
existing Linux or Windows operating system.

3.8 Networking and security products

vCloud Networking and Security was a software-dened
networking and security solution, but as of 18 April
2014 has been superseded by vSphere NSX, VMwares
new software-dened data center (SDDC). Compare
VMware NSX.[52]

4 See also
Comparison of platform virtualization software
Hardware virtualization
Hypervisor

3.3

Cloud management software

VMware vRealize Suite - a cloud management

platform purpose-built for the hybrid cloud.
VMware EVO SDDC - EVO SDDC provides an
easy way to deploy and operate a private cloud on
an integrated SDDC system
VMware Go was a web-based service to guide users
of any expertise level through the installation and
conguration of VMware vSphere Hypervisor. It
was end-of-lifed in early 2014.

3.4

Public cloud platform

VMware vCloud Air

VMware VMFS

5 References
[1] Form 10-K, Annual Report for Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2014 (PDF). VMware.com.
[2] VMware leader in virtualization market.
[3] Lohr, Steve (2009-08-31). VMware market share more
than 80%". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-27.
[4] VMware, Hyper-V virtualization leave others in the
dust.
[5] Understanding full virtualization, paravirtualization, and
hardware assist (PDF). 2007-10-15. Retrieved 2014-1211.

[6] Investor FAQs. Retrieved 2014-12-11.

[7] ESX Server Architecture. Vmware.com. Archived
from the original on January 31, 2009. Retrieved 200910-22.
[8] Adam Lashinksky (2007-10-02). 50 Most Powerful
Women in Business Full speed ahead. CNN. In 1988
she picked up a second masters, in computer science, at
the University of California at Berkeley, where she met
Rosenblum

REFERENCES

[30] VMware to Acquire Nicira. News release (VMware).

July 23, 2012. Retrieved July 11, 2013.
[31] Williams, Alex (July 23, 2012). VMware Buys Nicira
For $1.26 Billion And Gives More Clues About Cloud
Strategy. TechCrunch. Retrieved 2013-07-11.
[32] VMware to Acquire Virsto. News release (VMware).
February 11, 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-11.
[33] VMware Acquires Desktone. News release (VMware).
October 15, 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-15.

[9] Edouard Bugnion lives in the virtual world.

[34] VMwares AirWatch Acquisition To Enhance Mobility
In End-User Computing. Forbes. Forbes.com LLC. Retrieved 6 March 2014.

[10] VMware Milestones.

[11] VMware company history.
[12] VMware ready to capitalize on hot server market. June
30, 20015. Check date values in: |date= (help)

[35] VMware to Acquire AirWatch. Retrieved 2014-12-11.

VMware.

[36] iPhone APIs Ultimately Led to VMwares AirWatch Acquisition. The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. Retrieved 2014-03-06.

[14] Mullins, Robert (2007-08-14). Update: VMware the

bright spot on a gray Wall Street day. IDG News Service. Retrieved 2007-08-15.

[37] ZDNet. VMware buys CloudVolumes for real-time

desktop app delivery. zdnet.com. Retrieved 21 August
2014.

[15] Savitz, Eric (2008-07-08). VMware ousts CEO Diane

Greene; cuts '08 guidance. Barrons. Retrieved 200907-01.

[38] VMware vCloud Blog. VMware Acquires Continuent.

vmware.com. Retrieved 12 December 2014.

[13] EMC
Completes
Acquisition
Vmware.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27.

of

[16] Virtual Networking Features of the VMware vNetwork Distributed Switch and Cisco Nexus 1000V Series
Switches (PDF).
[17] Cloud Foundry Frequently Asked Questions
[18] EMC, VMW Analyst Day: Street Awaits Pivotal, Financial Update. Retrieved 2014-12-11.
[19] Using VMware vCloud Connector. Retrieved 2014-1211.
[20] A look at VMwares past acquisitions.
[21] VMware acquires virtualization company Akimbi.

[39] Conservancy Announces Funding for GPL Compliance

Lawsuit. Software Freedom Conservancy. Retrieved 6
March 2015.
[40] Phipps, Simon (5 March 2015). VMware heads to court
over GPL violations. InfoWorld. Retrieved 11 March
2015.
[41] VMware Update to Mr. Hellwigs Legal Proceedings.
VMware. Retrieved 11 March 2015.
[42] How does VMWare Work?". Extremetech.com. 200906-22. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
[43] A Performance Comparison of Hypervisors (PDF).

[22] VMware Acquires Dunes Technologies. VMware. Sep

11, 2007.

[44] VMware ESXi Bare-Metal Hypervisor for Multiple Virtual Machines - United States. VMware.com. Retrieved
on 2013-10-16.

[23] Vidra, Eze (May 28, 2008). VMWare Snatches B-Hive,

Opens R&D Center in Israel. VCcafe.

[45] VMware Products Life Cycle Policies. VMware.

[24] Ward, Keith. The Next Frontier: Mobile Phone Hypervisors. Virtualizationreview.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27.

[46] VMware Server, Free Virtualization Download for Virtual Server Consolidation. Vmware.com. 2011-06-30.
Retrieved 2013-06-27.

[25] David Marshall (2008-12-16), VMwares year end acquisition of Tungsten Graphics, InfoWorld
[26] VMware to Acquire SpringSource.

[47] VMware (2015-03-12). Workspace Portal. Retrieved

2015-03-12.
[48] Chris Mellor (April 5, 2011). VMware 'buys Mozy for
its cloudy goodness. The Register. Retrieved October 3,
2013.

[27] springpeople.com
[28] VMware To Acquire Wanova, Intelligent Desktop Solutions Provider. VMware. 2012-05-22. Retrieved 201206-01.

[49] CrunchBase (January 1, 2008). MozyHome / MozyPro.

Retrieved 2010-08-30.

[29] VMware to Acquire DynamicOps, Inc.

2012-07-02. Retrieved 2013-06-27.

[50] Harel Kodesh (February 1, 2011). New MozyHome

Plans. Retrieved 2011-02-02.

VMware.

[51] TechCrunch (April 3, 2007). MozyPro Launches. Retrieved 2010-08-31.

[52] Morreale, Patricia A.; Anderson, James M. (2014).
Software Dened Networking: Design and Deployment.
CRC Press. p. 75. ISBN 9781482238631. Retrieved
2014-11-14. VMware NSX creates a virtual network
overlay that is loosely coupled to the physical network underneath.

External links
Ocial website

7 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

7.1

Text

VMware Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VMware?oldid=689636759 Contributors: Ghakko, Gbraad, Chuq, Tarus, Lousyd, Ellywa,
Ronz, LittleDan, Grin, Robneild, Timwi, Magnus.de, Dysprosia, Geary, Pedant17, Furrykef, Tempshill, Samsara, Thue, Jfruh, Denelson83,
Nurg, Wereon, Rkbaker, Isopropyl, ElBenevolente, SoLando, Mattaschen, Tobias Bergemann, Thv, DocWatson42, Lproven, Jtg, Fudoreaper, Lee J Haywood, Reub2000, Zuxy, Fleminra, Varlaam, Mboverload, Pascal666, AlistairMcMillan, Khalid hassani, Madoka, Uzume,
Mobius, Wmahan, Pinnecco, Pgan002, Rworsnop, Am088, Burgundavia, Bluefoxicy, Cky, Zondor, EagleOne, Kate, Mernen, Real NC,
R, Discospinster, Rich Farmbrough, Djj, Metamatic, Luxdormiens, Sn0wake, Gronky, Delicates, Bender235, Kraigus, Plugwash, Evice,
Lars~enwiki, Rlaager, Hkl8324~enwiki, Che fox, Richi, Abtin, Slambo, MARQUIS111, Justinc, ClementSeveillac, Knucmo2, Alansohn,
Gary, Guy Harris, CyberSkull, Apoc2400, Smoothy, Flata, Rebroad, Suruena, Danhash, Btornado, Oleg Alexandrov, Unixxx, Neoneurone,
Mindmatrix, Broquaint, Pol098, Mms, Je3000, SugarKane, Ampmouse, Alexthemans, Sega381, Dovid, Marudubshinki, MassGalactusUniversum, Reisio, Jshadias, Rjwilmsi, Angusmclellan, Rogerd, Bob5972, ScottDrummonds, Sdornan, Joz3d, Ghepeu, Brighterorange,
Gilesmorant, The wub, FlaBot, VKokielov, Kmorozov, RexNL, Intgr, Svanhoosen, Chobot, Nagytibi, Dadu~enwiki, Pinecar, YurikBot,
Wavelength, Borgx, Hawaiian717, RobotE, RussBot, DanMS, Stephenb, Gaius Cornelius, Rsrikanth05, Member, Bovineone, SamJohnston, Claunia, Mennis, Peter Erleshofer, Irishguy, Mosquitopsu, Brian Crawford, Corevette, Voidxor, Efreeti, Vlad, Jeremy Visser, DuDudeX1, Werdna, Gorson78, Tonym88, Ms2ger, Ali K, Nachoman-au, D'Agosta, Abune, Josh3580, Back ache, ViperSnake151, Chip
Zero, Angrykeyboarder, SmackBot, Fulldecent, Unforgettableid, Lorian, NickGarvey, Riaanvn, KiloByte, Mokwella, Thumperward, Oli
Filth, Oni Ookami Alfador, BBCWatcher, H-b-g, Audriusa, Rgl168, Semenzato, Emre D., Dreadstar, TechPurism, Warren, Rudolph04,
Mwtoews, Mitchumch, Dririan, Zac67, ChadScott, Digana, Twocs, Swellesley, Ekjon Lok, Dhesi, Harochai, Minna Sora no Shita, Nux,
IronGargoyle, Ckatz, Marnues, Cortezz~enwiki, JHunterJ, Magicmat, Andypandy.UK, Jurohi, Descubes, NJA, Sharcho, Quaeler, Alan.ca,
Nehrams2020, TerryE, Kix1979, JoeBot, UncleDouggie, Loverevolutionary, Cbanse, Condoti, Tawkerbot2, Ripounet, Carla S, Ceran, SkyWalker, Raysonho, 67-21-48-122, Nicblais, Abdillahi, Vear, FlyingToaster, Yousifnet, Johnlogic, Cydebot, Krej, Gogo Dodo, Waltgibson,
Aanhorn, Starionwolf, Ian Macintosh, Nol888, Zakaria5000, DJSnuggles, Mikedep333, K001, Visik, AntiVandalBot, Franciosi, TimingClock, Squidshes, StevenMcCoy, Opertinicy, Richiez, JAnDbot, Barek, Black&Gold, Nospam.nojunk, Wookiepedian, Kishore.konjeti,
ShadowFlare, Rfellows, NigelCunningham, Cander0000, Ryandsmith, Adxp, Gurock, Andre.holzner, Navalgund, R'n'B, Trevor lee brown,
CommonsDelinker, Hawkins65, JoaoTrindade, J.delanoy, Rotationx, Jasemccarty, Kulshrax, Awistaiw, Dietspite, Dispenser, BrokenSphere, ColinClark, Tubeyes, Robigus, Molar999, Mivanov, Hanacy, Funandtrvl, Vikaskedia, Alanfeld, Dogbertwp, Iradigalesc, Dodeeric, Philip Trueman, CoJaBo, Lizzzs, MaxBrowne, LeaveSleaves, Michaeljt-wp, Hphuhtin, Xlotlu, Disorderly, Billgordon1099, Zahical,
Erth64net, Eskovan, Jgrandy, HiDrNick, Sophis~enwiki, Struway, EmxBot, SieBot, Hawkwynd, Chimin 07, Loaferman, WereSpielChequers, EwokiWiki, Austinsoftwareguy, Belorn, Dubrie, Technolinguist, User5910, Echo95, Locha23, Narayanacharan, ImageRemovalBot,
Nagendrapsingh, Ossguy, Adjective Noun, Martarius, Sfan00 IMG, Mattyinwisconsin, Kjhgbh, Robenel, EoGuy, Czarko, Choicefresh,
Drmies, Trivialist, Cirt, Jersey emt, Mgadziko, PixelBot, Ejay, Pdch, Peter.C, Stepheng3, SF007, DumZiBoT, Greg Carlow, Svgalbertian,
ZooFari, Wwjdcsk, Deineka, Addbot, Mortense, Wyvernoid, Favonian, SpBot, Jasper Deng, Aitkenbw, Shekhartagra, Riptastic, Lightbot, Andreic777, Balabiot, Luckas-bot, Yobot, Melkor73, Yottamol, Jerebin, Laokunlun, Twingo~enwiki, Wadamja, 4th-otaku, Langthorne, Koman90, Starbois, AnomieBOT, ManicMark, Tobryant, Materialscientist, ArthurBot, Obersachsebot, Raikuson, Ibraheem alex,
GrouchoBot, Malkanij, Omnipaedista, RibotBOT, PeaceLoveHarmony, Skyskipper, Byassine52, Prari, FrescoBot, Renu gautam, W Nowicki, Haeinous, Vhann, NuclearWizard, Shshme, Winterst, Vicenarian, Vsphere, Societebi, MastiBot, NasaDave, Banej, Reconsider the
static, Lotje, Sumone10154, Begoon, Mr.moyal, Tomasboman, Melnakeeb, RjwilmsiBot, Peeushb, EmausBot, Dewritech, Ekuhaupt, Jasonboche, AaronLLF, Kkm010, Cogiati, Cdg2sfo, H3llBot, Donner60, Hanymichael, Solde9, Balroq, ClueBot NG, Andypiperuk, The
Master of Mayhem, Rezabot, NoomBot, Widr, BG19bot, AussieStorBlog, Yadavs, Iullakhan, Jobin RV, Mark Arsten, Compfreak7, Majx,
SM5POR, MrBill3, Imisiu, Osama Bin Howker, Mikepabell, EdwardH, Cyberbot II, Pgcorchary, SimonBramtt, GrinGrl, Majilis,
Codename Lisa, Pama73, Cwnmabd, Tommy Pinball, Alexleon79, Paulcolmer, Stefmorrow, Vanished user lalsdi45ijne4, Tentinator,
Ifnkhan, RaphaelQS, SamX, Stuner0, LibraryRattle, Utinni1, D Eaketts, Chrismorey, Bouncyshot, Zirt.zirtyna.ziret.bekhab, ScotXW, Ultimatemythbuster, Descrow, Mjriley935, JamieShoup, ClareTheSharer, Serverax, Bryancyriel, Mildlyridiculous, KH-1, ShawnSaunders,
Sturge87, Toddvalentine, JGB 7859, Mrwazzag and Anonymous: 547

7.2

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7.3

Content license

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