GENERAL PROVISIONS

NGAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

FIRE-RESISTANCE OF BUILDING ELEMENTS

MATUUAKI A E VELA E HE NGAAHI KONGOKONGA A E FALE

This specification sets out the procedure for determining the FRL of structural members and
other building elements.
Oku tuku atu I he Tuutuuni pau ko eni a e founga ki hono fakapapauI a e FRL o e
ngaahi memipa fakafaunga mo e ngaahi kongokonga kehe o e fale.

1.

RATING
FAKATUUNGA

A building element has a FRL if

Oku I ai ha FRL o ha kongokonga o e fale o kapau

(a)

it is listed in, and complies with Table 1 of this Specification;

oku lisi I he, pea oku faipau ki he Tepile 1 o e Tuutuuni Pau ni;

(b)

it is identical with a prototype that has been submitted to the Standard Fire Test and
the FRL achieved by the prototype is confirmed in a report from a Registered Testing
Authority which
oku faitatau mo ha uluaki sipinga nae osi fakahoko ki ai a e Tuunga ki hono
Sivi o e Vela pea ko e FRL nae mau e he uluaki sipinga ko ia oku fakapapauI
mai I ha lipooti mei ha Mau Mafai ke Sivi kuo Lesisita aia

(i)

describes the method and condition of test and the form of construction of the
tested prototype in full; and
oku fakamatalaI kakato ai a e founga moe tuunga o e sivi mo e fotunga
o e langa o e uluaki sipinga; pea

(ii)

certifies that the application of restraint to the prototype complied with the
Standard Fire Test;
fakamooniI ai ko e fakahoko a e taofi ki he uluaki sipinga oku faipau ki
he Sivi Vela Angamaheni;

(c)

it differs in only a minor degree from a prototype tested under (b) and the FRL
attributed to the structural member is confirmed in a report from a Registered Testing
Authority which
oku faikehekehe siI pe mei ha uluaki sipinga nae sivi I he (b) pea ko e FRL oku
oange ki he memipa fakafaunga koia oku fakapapauI I ha lipooti mei ha Mau
Mafai ke Sivi kuo Lesisita a ia

(i)

certifies that the structural member is capable of achieving the FRL despite the
minor departures from the tested prototype and
oku fakamooniI ko e memipa fakafaunga oku ne malava o mau a e FRL
neongo fanga kiI mavahe iiki mei he uluaki sipinga kuo osi sivi mo

(ii)

describes the materials, construction and conditions of restraint which are

necessary to achieve the FRL;
fakamatalaI a e ngaahi naunau, langa moe ngaahi tuunga a hono taofi
aia oku fiemau ke mau a e FRL;

(d)

it is designed to achieve the FRL in accordance withoku tisiani ke mau a e FRL o fakatatau ki he

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

(i)

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

AS 4100, AS 2327 and AISC Guidelines for Assessment of Fire Resistance of

Structural Steel Members if it is a steel or composite structure; or
AS 4100, AS 2327 mo e AISC Ngaahi Fakahinohino ki hono Fakafuofua o e
Matuuaki a e Vela a e Ngaahi Memipa Fakafaunga Ukamea o kapau ko
ha faunga ukamea pe faunga tuifio; pe

(ii)

AS 3600 or NZS 3101 Parts 1 & 2 if it is a concrete structure; or

AS 3600 pe NZS 3101 Konga 1 & 2 o kapau ko ha faunga sima; pe

(iii)

AS 1720.4 if it is a solid or glued- laminated timber structure; or

AS 1720.4 o kapau ko ha faunga papa fefeka pe kuluuI-lemineiti; pe

(e)

the FRL is determined by calculation based on the performance of a prototype in the

Standard Fire Test and confirmed in a report in accordance with clause 3.
ko e FRL oku fakapapauI aki ha fakafuofua o fakatefito I he sai o ha uluaki
sipinga I he Sivi Vela Angamaheni pea fakapapauI I ha lipooti o fakatatau ki he
kupu 3.

2.

FRLS determined by calculation

Ngaahi FRLS oku fakapapauI aki hono fikai

If the FRL of a building element is determined by calculation based on a tested

prototype
O kapau ko e FRL o ha elemeniti o ha fale oku fakapapauI aki hono fikaI o
fakatefito I ha uluaki sipinga kuo sivi

(a)

the building element may vary from the prototype in relation to

e malava pe ke kehe a e kongokonga o e fale mei he uluaki sipinga I heene

felaveI ki he -

(i)

length and height if it is a wall;

loloa mo e maolunga o kapau ko ha holisi;

(ii)

height if it is a column;
maolunga o kapau ko ha pou;

(iii)

span if it is a floor, roof or beam;

falahi kapau ko ha faliki, fungafale pe pimi;

(iv)

conditions of support; and

ngaahi tuunga o e langolango; mo

(v)

to a minor degree, cross-section and components.

ha kii mea sii, ngaahi konga fekolosiaki mo e ngaahi kongokonga.

(b)

the report must demonstrate by calculation that the building element would achieve
the FRL if it is subjected to the regime of the Standard Fire Test in relation to
kuo pau ki he lipooti ke ne fakaha I hono fakafuofuaI koe elemeniti o e fale te
ne mau a e FRL o kapau oku kau ki he founga ki he Tuunga ki hono Sivi o e
Vela I heene felaveI ki he -

(i)

structural adequacy (including deflection);

feunga fakafaunga (kau ai a e fehekeaki);

(ii)

integrity; and

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

tuunga malohi; mo e

(iii)

insulation; and
tuunga malu; pea

(c)

the calculations must take into account

kuo pau ke fakakaukauI I hono fakafuofuaI

(i)

the temperature reached by the components of the prototype and their effects
on strength and modulus of elasticity;
a e mafana e au kiai a e ngaahi kongokonga o e uluaki sipinga mo hono
ngaahi uesia I he malohi mo e modulus of elasticity;

(ii)

appropriate features of the building element such as support, restraint, crosssectional profile, length, height, span, slenderness ratio, reinforcement, ratio of
surface area to mass per unit length, and fire protection;
ngaahi ulungaanga feunga o e elemeniti o e fale o hange ko e
langolango, taofi, cross sectional profile, loloa, maolunga, falahi, leisioo ki
heene manifi, fakamalohinga, leisioo o e elia fakakatoa ki he mamafa a e
loloa a e iuniti takitaha, mo e malu mei he vela;

(iii)

features of the prototype that influenced its performance in the Standard Fire
Test although these features may not have been taken into account in the
design for dead and live load;
ngaahi ulungaanga o e uluaki sipinga nae uesia a ene sai I he Sivi Vela
Angamaheni neongo ko e ngaahi ulungaanga ko eni e malava pe ke oua
naa kau ia hono fakakaukauI I hono tisaini ki he ngaahi uta mate pe
moui;

(iv)

features of the conditions of test, the manner of support and the position of the
prototype during the test, that might not be reproduced in the building element
if it is exposed to fire; and
ko e ngaahi ulungaanga o e ngaahi tuunga o e sivi, founga a hono
langolango moe tuuanga o e uluaki sipinga lolotonga a e sivi, e malava
pe ke oua naa toe tukuatu I he kongokonga o e fale o kapau oku ata ki
he vela; pea

(v)

the design load of the building element in comparison with the tested
prototype.
ko e uta mamafa nae tisaini ki he elemeniti o e fale I heene
fakafehoanaki ki he uluaki sipinga kuo sivii.

4.

Interchangeable materials
Ngaahi naunau ala feliliuaki

(a)

Concrete and plaster The FRL achieved with any material of Group A, B, C, D or E
as an ingredient in concrete or plaster, applies equally when any other material of the
same group is used in the same proportions:
Sima moe palasitaa ko e FRL oku mau e ha faahinga naunau I he Kulupu A,
B, C, D, pe E ko ha mea I he sima pe palasitaa, oku ngaueaki tatau pe ia I ha
toe naunau kehe I he kulupu tatau ka I he lahi tatau:

Group A:

Any Portland cement.

Kulupu A:

Faahinga sima Pootilani.

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

(b)

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

Group B:

Any lime.

Kulupu B:

Faahinga lahe

Group C:

Any dense sand.

Kulupu C:

Faahinga oneone momo lalahi

Group D:

Any dense calcareous aggregate, including any limestone or any

calcareous gravel.

Kulupu D:

Ha faahinga makamaka momo lalahi, kau ai ha faahinga makalahe

pe ha makamaka momo.

Group E:

Any dense siliceous aggregate, including any basalt, diorite, dolerite,

granite, granodiorite or trachyte.

Kulupu E:

Ha faahinga makamaka lalahi siliceous, kau ai a e basalt, diorite,

dolerite, granite, granodiorite pe trachyte.

Perlite and vermiculite The FRL achieved with either gypsum perlite plaster or
gypsum-vermiculite plaster applies equally for both plasters.
Perlite mo e vermiculite ko e FRL oku mau e he gypsum perlite plaster pe
gypsum-vermiculite plaster oku ngaueaki tatau pe ki he palasitaa fakatouosi.

5.

Columns covered with lightweight construction

Ngaahi pou aofi aki a e langa maamaa

(a)

Protection against damage If the fire-resisting covering of a steel column is

lightweight construction,
MaluI mei ha maumau o kapau ko e ko ha aofi matuuaki a e vela o ha pou
ukamea ko ha langa maamaa,

(i)

the covering must be protected by metal or other suitable material if the

column is liable to damage from the movement of vehicles, materials or
equipment; and
kuo pau ki he aofi ke maluI aki ha ukamea pe naunau kehe oku feunga
o kapau ko e pou e ala maumauI e ha ngaahi mealele I he
fefonongaaki, ngaahi naunau pe meangaue; pea

(ii)

the voids must be filled solid with non combustible material to a height of
not less than 1.2 m above the floor to prevent indenting if the covering is not in
continuous contact with the column.
ko e ngaahi ava kuo pau ke fakafonu aki ha mea oku ikai vela ngofua ki
he maolunga oku ikai toe siI hifo I he 1.2 m I olunga he faliki ke
fakaehiehi mei he makoko o kapau ko e aofi oku ikai fehokotaki
hangatonu pea mo e pou.

(b)

Sealing at floor level A plug of non-combustible material must seal all voids at each
floor level, including voids between the column and its covering if
Silai mei he levolo o e faliki Kuo pau ki ha tapuni ngaohi mei he ikai
velangofua ke ne silaI a e ngaahi ava kotoa I he levolo o e faliki takitaha, kau ai
a e ngaahi ava I he vahaa o e pou mo hono aofi o kapau

(i)

a steel column extends through 2 or more storeys; and

ko e pou ukamea oku fokotuu o lele I he fungavaka e 2 pe lahi hake;
pea

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

(ii)

the fire-resisting covering is not in continuous contact with the column.

ko e aofi matuuaki a e vela oku ikai fehokotaki fakahangatonu mo e
pou.

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

Explanatory Note on Fire-Resistance Level (FRL)

Fakamatala Fakahinohino ki he Tuunga Matuuaki a e Vela (FRL)

The fire-resistance of any building element is expressed in terms of three criteria. These are:
Ko e matuuaki a e vela e ha faahinga konga o e fale oku fakaha ia I he ngaahi
tuunga pau ki hono siviI e tolu. Ko e ngaahi mea ko eni ko e:

Structural Adequacy the element must have sufficient structural strength to continue to bear
the loads for which it is designed for a sufficient time after it has been affected by fire.
Feunga Fakafaunga kuo pau ki he konga ke ne mau a e malohi fakafaunga feunga
ke hokohoko atu a ene mafuesia a e ngaahi mamafa aia oku tisaini kiai ki ha taimi
feunga hili hano uesia I ha vela.

Integrity it must be capable of withstanding the effects of the fire for a sufficient time
without changing shape or warping or undergoing any cracking, any of which might allow
flames and smoke to pass through the element.
Tuunga malohi kuo pau ke ne malava o matuuaki a e ngaahi nunua o ha vela ki ha
taimi feunga o ikai ke liliu a hono fotunga pe fotunga makehe pe mafahifahi, pe ha
faahinga mea e tene fakaata ki he ulo mo e kohu ke hu atu I he ngaahi konga.

Insulation it must be capable of limiting any rise in temperature from the fire side to the safe
side to a prescribed value.
Tuunga malu kuo pau ke malava o fakangatangata a e fakautuutu a e mafana mei he
tafaaki oku vela ki he tafaaki oku malu ki he tuunga oku tuutuunii.

These are all determined by the standard fire resistance test in accordance with AS 1530.4
The results are expressed in minutes of duration over which the building element is capable of
fulfilling the criteria. These are always expressed in the order of structural adequacy
followed by integrity and then by the time for which it has sustained its insulating capability.
Usually the times are expressed in multiples of 30 minutes.
Ko e kotoa a e ngaahi mea ni oku fakapapauI e he sivi angamaheni ki he matuuaki a
e vela o fakatatau ki he AS 1530.4. Ko e ola oku lau fakaminiti ki he fuoloa aia e
malava ai a e konga o e fale oe fakakakato a e tuunga oku siviIaki. Ko e ngaahi mea
ni oku fakaha mau pe I he hokohoko ko e feunga fakafaunga pea hoko kiai a e
tuunga malohi pea hoko atu leva ki ai a e fuoloa a e taimi koia oku malava hono ivi ke
malui. Oku faa lau a e taimi o ngaueaki a e fika katoa fakaminiti 30.

An example of the fire-resistance level (FRL) of a wall would be 90/60/30 which means that
it would continue to bear the load for a period of 90 minutes after a fire of severity equivalent
to the test fire, to be free from producing any cracking or warping for a period of 60 minutes
and prevent any rise in temperature on the non-fire side by more than a prescribed level, for
30 minutes. If the wall is non-loadbearing and is only a fire resisting partition the very first
figure in the value of the FRL would show a blank. In the example taken it would -/60/30.
Ko e fakatata o e tuunga matuuaki a e vela (FRL) o ha holisi ko e 90/60/30 a ia ko e
uhinga e hokohoko atu ke fuesia a e mamafa ki ha vahaa taimi ko e miniti e 90 hili a
e vela oku matuaki kakaha o fakatatau ki he sivi vela, ke ata mei ha hoko ha
mafahifahi pe ngaofe ki he vahaataimi ko e miniti e 60 pea ke taofi ha toe fakautuutu a
e mafana I he tafaaki oku ikai ke vela o laka hake I ha levolo kuo tuutuuniI ki he
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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

miniti e 30. O kapau ko e holisi oku ikai ke ne mafuesia a e uta ka ko ha holisi vaheI
pe oku matuuaki a e vela koe mataifika I mua o e FRL e ikai ke asi ai ha mataifika
ia. I he fakatata kuo oatu e -/60/30.

In the case of a column by itself the FRL will be relevant only for structural adequacy. The
column on its own cannot prevent the passage of any smoke or flames nor can it prevent any
rise in temperature around it. Therefore an example for a stand-alone column would be 60/-/-.
I he taimi koe koe pou ataata pe ko e FRL e fiemau pe ia ki he feunga fakafaunga. E
ikai ke malava e he pou ataata pe o taofi a e huanga o ha kohu pe ulo pea e ikai ke
malava ia o taofi ha fakautuutu a e mafana ange a e ea I ai. Koia ai ko ha fakatata ki
ha pou oku tuu tokotaha ko e 60/-/-.

In the case of a fire door it will have no loadbearing capability and therefore its FRL will be
expressed with the first value shown as a blank. An example would be -/60/30. If the door in
this example is incapable of limiting the rise in temperature from one side to the other its FRL
would be -/60/-.
I he taimi koee ko ha matapa vela pe oku ikai malava o fuesia a e ha uta pea koia ai
ko hono FRL e lau ia o ikai I ai ha mataifika I mua. Ko e fakatata o eni ko e -/60/30.
O kapau ko e matapa I he fakataataa ko eni oku malava o fakangatangata a e
fakautuutu a e ea mafana I he tafaaki taha ki he tafaaki e taha ko hono FRL leva ko e
-/60/-.

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

TABLE 1

TEPILE 1

FRLS DEEMED TO BE ACHIEVED BY CERTAIN BUILDING ELEMENTS

NGAAHI FRLS OKU LAU OKU FAKAKAKATO E HE NGAAHI KONGA PAU O E FALE

BUILDING ELEMENT
KONGA O E FALE

THICKNESS OF PRINCIPAL
MATERIAL (mm)
MATOLU O E TEFITOI NAUNAU
(mm)

FRL

ANNEXURE
REFERENCE
Clause No.

60/60/60

90/90/90

120/120/120

80

100

120

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

70

90

110

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

WALL
HOLISI

Masonry
Piliki sima

Concrete with material density in

kg/m3 of
Sima ki hono mamafa
fakanaunau oku kg/m3

- 1600 or more
- less than 1600
Concrete
Sima

Reinforced/Pre-stressed

Fakamalohingai/ Pre-stressed

Gypsum-perlite or Gypsumvermiculite plaster on metal lath

and channel

See 2 (d) (ii) of this Specification and 6 of Annexure to this

Table
50

50

65

1, 5, 7

Makasima pelaiti pe palasitaa I

ha lauI ukamea manifi mo e
senolo

BUILDING ELEMENT
KONGA O E FALE

FRL

THICKNESS OF PRINCIPAL
MATERIAL (mm)
60/ - / -

90/ - / -

ANNEXURE
REFERENCE
Clause No.

120/ - / -

CONCRETE COLUMN
POU SIMA

Concrete - Reinforced/Prestressed

See 2 (d) (ii) of this Specification and 6 of Annexure to this

Table.
Vakai ki he 2(d) (ii) o e Tuutuuni Pau mo e 6 o e
Fakalahi ki he Tepile ko eni.

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

TABLE 1 continued
TEPILE 1 hoko atu

FRLS DEEMED TO BE ACHIEVED BY CERTAIN BUILDING ELEMENTS

NGAAHI FRL OKU LAU OKU FAKAKAKATO E HE NGAAHI KONGA PAU O E FALE

BUILDING ELEMENT

KONGA O E FALE

FRL

THICKNESS OF PRINCIPAL
MATERIAL (mm)\
MATOLU O E TEFITOI NAUNAU

60/ - / -

90/ - / -

ANNEXURE
REFERENCE
Clause No.

120/ - / -

HOT-ROLLED STEEL
COLUMN
POU NAE FAU MEI HE
UKAMEA LOLOTONGA ENE
VELA

(Including a fabricated column)

(kau ai a e pou osi fau)

exposed on no more than 3 sides:

25

8,9,10,11

oku ha ki tua a e ngaahi

tafaaki ikai toe laka hake I he
3:

Fire protection of
MaluI mei he vela a e-

Concrete - cast in-situ

25

30

40

8,9,10,11

25

25

30

1,5,8,9,10,11

20

25

35

1,10

20

20

25

1,7

50

50

50

1,2,3,4,5,8,
9,11

50

50

65

1,2,3,4,5,8,11

Sima ko hono simaI -

loadbearing
mafuesia o e uta

non-loadbearing
ikai mafuesia a e uta

unplastered
ikai palasitaai

plastered 13 mm

palasitaaI 13 mm

Gypsum-perlite or Gypsumvermiculite plaster

-

sprayed to contour

fanaI ke mau

- sprayed on metal lath

- fana I he lauI ukamea
manifi

Fire protection of
MaluI mei he vela a e
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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

Solid concrete masonry

Sima piliki fefeka

Column spaces filled

Ngaahi avai pou oku fakafonu

Column spaces unfilled

Ngaahi avaI pou oku ikai
fakafonu

TABLE 1 continued
TEPILE 1 hoko atu

FRLS DEEMED TO BE ACHIEVED BY CERTAIN BUILDING ELEMENTS

NGAAHI FRL OKU LAU OKU FAKAKAKATO E HE NGAAHI KONGA PAU O E FALE

BUILDING ELEMENT
KONGA O E FALE

THICKNESS OF PRINCIPAL
MATERIAL (mm)
MATOLU O E TEFITOI
NAUNAU

FRL

ANNEXURE
REFERENCE
Clause No.

60/ - / -

90/ - / -

120/ - / -

25

40

45

8,9,10,11

25
25

30
25

40
30

8,9,10,11
1,5,8,9,10,11

25
20

30
20

40
30

1, 10
1, 7

HOT-ROLLED STEEL
COLUMN

POU NAE FAU MEI HE

UKAMEA LOLOTONGA ENE
VELA

(including a fabricated column)

(kau ai a e pou osi fau)

exposed on 4 sides:
asi a e tafaaki kotoa e 4:
Fire protection of

MaluI mei he vela a e-

Concrete - cast in-situ

Sima ko hono simaI -

loadbearing
mafuesia o e uta

non-loadbearing

ikai mafuesia a e uta

unplastered
ikai palasitaai

plastered 13 mm

palasitaaI 13 mm

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

Gypsum-perlite or Gypsumvermiculite plaster

-

sprayed to contour

fanaI ke mau

- sprayed on metal lath

- fana I he lauI ukamea
manifi

HOT-ROLLED STEEL
COLUMN
(including a fabricated column)
exposed on 4 sides:
Fire protection of
Solid concrete masonry
Column spaces filled

50

50

50
1,2,3,4,5,8,9,11

Column spaces unfilled

50

50

50
1,2,3,4,5,8,11

TABLE 1 continued
TEPILE 1 hoko atu

FRLS DEEMED TO BE ACHIEVED BY CERTAIN BUILDING ELEMENTS

FRL NGAAHI FIEMAU KI HE TUUNGA FEUNGA FAKAFAUNGA

BUILDING ELEMENT
FRL

THICKNESS OF PRINCIPAL
MATERIAL (mm)
60/ - / -

90/ - / -

120/ - / -

ANNEXURE
REFERENCE
Clause No.

BEAM
pimi

Concrete
Sima

Reinforced/Pre-stressed see 2 (d) (ii) of this Specification and Clause 6 of Annexure to

this Table
Hot-rolled steel (Including an
open-web joist, girder, truss,
etc.) exposed on no more than 3
sides:
Fire protection of
Concrete Cast in-situ
National Building Code 2004
Tuutuuni Fakafonua ki he Langa Fale 2007

25

30

40

8,10,11
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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

Gypsum-perlite or Gypsumvermiculite plaster

- sprayed to contour

20

25

35

1,10

- sprayed on metal lath

20

20

25

1,7

Concrete Cast in-situ

25

40

45

8,10,11

Gypsum-perlite or Gypsumvermiculite plaster

- sprayed to contour

25

30

40

1,10

Hot-rolled Steel (incl. an openweb joist, girder, truss, etc.)

exposed on 4 sides
Fire protection of

- sprayed on metal lath

20
20
30
1,7
FLOOR, ROOF OR CEILING
Concrete
Reinforced/Pre-stressed see 2 (d) (ii) of this Specification and clause 6 of Annexure to this
Table

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

ANNEXURE TO TABLE 1

FAKALAHI KI HE TEPILE 1

1.

MORTAR, PLASTER AND PLASTER REINFORCEMENT

MOTA, PALASITAA MO E PALASITAA FAKAMALOHINGA

1.1

Mortar for masonry

Mootaa ki he faunga piliki sima

Masonry units of concrete must be laid in cement mortar or composition mortar complying
with the relevant provisions of NZS 4210.
Kuo pau ki he ngaahi iuniti maka ngaohi mei he sima ke fakatoka I he sima mootaa pe
mota hui oku faipau ki he ngaahi tuutuuni fekauaki o e NZS 4210.

1.2

Gypsum-perlite and gypsum-vermiculite plaster

Palasitaa gypsum perlite moe gypsum-vermiculite

Gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite plaster must be applied

Kuo pau ki he palasitaa gypsum-perlite pe gypsum-vermiculite ke ngaueaki

(a)

in 1 or 2 coats each in the ratio of 1 m3 perlite or vermiculite to 640 kg of gypsum if the

required thickness of the plaster is not more than 25 mm; and
I he kouti e 1 pe 2 takitaha I he leisioo ko e 1 m3 perlite pe vermiculite ki he 640
kg gypsum o kapau ko e matolu oku fiemau o e palasitaa oku ikai laka hake I he
25 mm; pea

(b)

in 2 coats if the required thickness is more than 25 mm, the first in the ratio of 1 m3 of
perlite or vermiculite to 800 kg of gypsum and the second in the ratio of 1 m3 of perlite
or vermiculite to 530 kg of gypsum.
I he kouti e 2 o kapau ko e matolu oku fiemau oku laka hake I he 25 mm, koe
fuofua leisioo ko e 1 m3 perlite pe vermiculite ki he 800 kg gypsum pea ko e leisioo
hono ua ko e 1 m3 perlite pe vermiculite ki he 530 kg gypsum.

1.3

Plaster of cement and sand or cement, lime and sand

Palasitaa o e sima mo e oneone pe sima, lahe mo e oneone

Plaster prescribed in Table 1 must consist of

Kuo pau ki he palasitaa oku tuutuuni I he Tepile 1 ke I ai a e-

(a)

cement and sand or cement, lime and sand; and

sima, oneone pe sima, lahe moe oneone; pea

(b)

may be finished with gypsum, gypsum-sand, gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite

plaster or with lime putty.
e malava ke fakaosiaki a e gypsum, gypsum-sand, gypsum perlite pe gypsum
vermiculite plaster pe ko e lime putty.

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

1.4 Plaster reinforcement

Fakauho Palasitaa

If plaster used as fire-protection on walls is more than 19 mm thick

O kapau koe palasitaa oku ngaueaki ki he maluI mei he vela I he ngaahi holisi oku
matolu ange I he 19 mm

(a)

it must be reinforced with expanded metal lath thatkuo pau ke fakamalohingaaki ha lauI ukamea manifi a ia

(i) has a mass per unit area of not less than 1.84 kg/m2;
ko hono mamafa ki he iuniti elia takitaha oku ikai siI hifo I he 1.84 kg/m2;

(ii) has not fewer than 98 meshes/m; and

oku siI hifoI he 98 meshes/m; pea

(iii)is protected against corrosion by galvanising or other suitable method; or

oku maluI mei he umeumea aki hono kalavanaisi pe ha toe founga kehe oku
feunga; pe

(b)

it must be reinforced with 13 mm x 13 mm x 0.710 mm galvanised steel wire mesh; and

kuo pau ke fakamalohinga aki ha uaea mesi ukamea kalavanaisi 13 mm x 13 mm x
0.710 mm; pea

(c)

the reinforcement must be securely fixed at a distance from the face of the wall of not
less than 1/3 of the total thickness of the plaster.
kuo pau ki he fakamalohinga ke mau I ha va mamao tuumau mei he mata o e
holisi oku ikai siI hifo I he 1/3 a hono matolu fakakatoa a e palasitaa.

2.

DIMENSIONS OF MASONRY
NGAAHI FUA O E PILIKI SIMA

The thickness of masonry of calcium-silicate, concrete and fired clay are calculated as
follows:Ko e matolu o e piliki sima ngaohi mei he calcium-silicate, sima mo e kelekele umea
kuo tutu oku fikaI o anga pehe ni:-

2.1 Solid Units

Ngaahi iuniti fefeka

For masonry in which the amount of perforation or coring of the units does not exceed 25%
by volume (based on the overall rectangular shape of the unit) the thickness of the wall must
be calculated from the manufacturing dimensions of the units and the specified thickness of
the joints between them as appropriate.
Ko e ngaahi faunga maka aia ko e lahi o e ava pe hono too liu a e ngaahi iuniti oku
ikai ke laka hake I he 25% I he voliume (fakatefito I he fuo tapafa fakakatoa a e fuo
o e iuiniti) kuo pau ki he matolu a e holisi ke fikaI mei he ngaahi fua nae ngaohi aki a
e ngaahi iuniti mo e ngaahi matolu pau a e ngaahi hokoanga ki heene feunga.

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2.2 Hollow Units

Ngaahi iuniti too liu

For masonry in which the amount of perforation or coring of the units exceeds 25% by
volume (based on the overall rectangular shape of the unit) the thickness of the wall must be
calculated from the equivalent thickness of the units and the specified thickness of the joints
between them as appropriate.
Ko e ngaahi faunga maka a ia oku lahi a hono avangi pe too liu I he 25% I he
voliume (fakatefito I he fuo tapafa fakakatoa a e iuniti) kuo pau ki he matolu a e holisi
ke fikaI mei he matolu oku fakatatau ki ai o e ngaahi iuniti moe matolu pau o e ngaahi
hoko I honau vahaa o hange koia oku feunga.

2.3 Equivalent thickness

Matolu oku tatau kiai

The equivalent thickness of a masonry unit is calculated by dividing the net volume by the
area of one vertical face.
Ko e matolu oku tatau kiai o ha iuniti maka oku fikaI ia aki hono vahevahe a e
voliume fakakatoa aki a e elia o ha taha o e ngaahi mata I heene tuu fakavetikale.

2.4 Cavity Walls

Ngaahi holisi lo ua

The thickness of a cavity wall is the sum of the thickness of the leaves determined in
accordance with 2.1 and/or 2.2 as appropriate.
Ko e matolu o ha holisi lo ua ko e fakakatoa a e matolu o e ngaahi lauI papa kuo
fakapapauI o fakatatau ki he 2.1 mo e/pe 2.2 o hange koia oku feunga.

2.5 Cavity walls of different materials

Ngaahi holisi lo ua oku ngaohiaki a e ngaahi naunau kehekehe

If the 2 leaves of a cavity wall are of units of different type the thickness required is that
listed for the less fire-resistant material (i.e. the greater thickness).
O kapau ko e lauI papa e ua o ha holisi lo ua ko ha iuniti kalasi kehekehe koe matolu
oku fiemau ko ia oku lisi I he naunau oku siI a ene matuuaki a e vela. (aia koia
oku matolu taha)

3.

SLENDERNESS RATIO OF MASONRY

LEISIOO MANIFI O E PILIKI SIMA

3.1 Maximum value

Mahuinga lahi taha

The slenderness ratio of a masonry wall must not exceed the appropriate value in Table 3.1.
Kuo pau ki he leisioo manifi o ha holisi maka ke oua naa lahi hake I he mahuinga
feunga oku I he Tepile 3.1.
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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

3.2 Calculation
Fikai

The slenderness ratio of a masonry wall is calculated in accordance with AS 3700. In the case
of cavity walls it is calculated for each leaf separately. Each leaf must satisfy Clause 3.1.
Ko e leisioo manifi o ha holisi piliki maka oku fikaI ia o fakatatau ki he AS 3700. I hano
fikaI kehekehe o e ngaahi holisi loua, oku fikaI kehekehe pe ki he lauI papa kehekehe.
Kuo pau ki he lauI papa takitaha ke ne fakakakato a e Kupu 3.1.

TABLE 3.1
MAXIMUM SLENDERNESS RATIOS FOR MASONRY WALLS
LEISIOO MANIFI TAHA KI HE NGAAHI HOLISI PILIKI SIMA

TYPE OF UNIT

60/60/60

90/90/90

120/120/120

FAAHINGA O E
IUNITI

Concrete in which the basalt content of the aggregate is

Sima a ia ko e lahi o e basalt I he aggregate oku

Less than 45%

45% or more

18

17

16

22.5

21

19.5

Reinforced masonry all types of unit designed forPiliki sima oku fakamalohinga faahinga kotoa o e iuniti oku tisaini ki he-

Axial forces and

flexureFlexure-with superimposed axial forces
less than 5% of load
capacity-

27

27

27

36

36

36

4. PROTECTION TO MASONRY REINFORCEMENT

MALUI KI HE NGAAHI PILIKISIMA FAKAUHO

In a building element of reinforced masonry designed for fire-resistance, the distance from the
surface of the element to the surface of the reinforcement must not be less than
I ha konga o e fale a ia ko e fakamalohinga piliki sima oku tisaini ki ha matuuaki a e
vela, ko e va mamao mei he konga ki lalo o e fakamalohinga kuo pau ke oua naa siI
hifo I he

(a)

for FRL 60/60/60 or 90/90/90 30 mm;

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(b)
5.

for FRL 120/120/120 40 mm;

INCREASE IN THICKNESS BY PLASTERING
FAKALAHI A E MATOLU AKI HONO PALASITAAI

5.1

General
Fakalukufua

The tabulated thicknesses are those of the principal material. They do not include the
thickness of plaster, which must be additional to the listed thickness of the material to which
it is applied.
Ko e matolu kuo fokotuu atu koe matolu ia o e tefitoI naunau. Oku ikai ke kau ai a e
matolu a e palasitaa, aia kuo pau ke kau ki he matolu a e naunau kuo lisi aia oku
ngaueaki ki ai.

5.2

Walls
Ngaahi Holisi

If a wall of concrete masonry is plastered on both sides to an equal thickness, the thickness of
the wall for the purposes of Table 1 (but not for the purposes of Table 3.1) may be increased
by the following proportions of the thickness of the plaster on one side:
O kapau oku iai ha holisi piliki sima oku palasitaaI i he ongo mata fakatouosi kihe
matolu tatau, ko e matolu o e holisi ki he ngaahi taumua o e Tepile 1 (ka ikai ki he
ngaahi taumua o e Tepile 3.1) e malava ke fakalahi aki a e ngaahi lahi o e matolu a e
palasitaa I he tafaaki e taha:

(a)

For concrete masonry in which the aggregate is of a density in excess of 1800 kg/m3:
100%
Ki ha faunga piliki sima aia koe makamaka oku I he lalahi oku lahi hake I he
1800 kg/m3: 100%

(b)

For concrete masonry in which the aggregate is of a density between 1600 and 1800
kg/m3 : 85%
Ki ha faunga maka sima a ia koe makamaka oku I he lalahi I he vahaa a e
1600 mo e 1800 kg/m3 : 85%

(c)

For concrete masonry in which the aggregate is of a density less than 1600 kg/m3 :
75%
Ki ha faunga maka sima aia koe makamaka oku I he lalahi oku siI hifo I he
1600 kg/m3 : 75%

6. CONCRETE SLABS BEAMS, WALLS AND COLUMNS

NGAAHI FAUNGA SIMA LAFALAFA, PIMI, HOLISI MO E POU

The requirements to meet specific values of FRL are those contained in AS 3600. However
for simple structures the following procedures may be adopted.
Ko e ngaahi fiemau ke fakakakato a e ngaahi mataI fika pau o e FRL a kinautolu oku
ha I he AS 3600. Kaikehe, ki he ngaahi faunga maamaa e malava pe ke ngaueaki a e
ngaahi founga fakahoko ngaue ko eni.
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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

6.1

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

Structural adequacy criterion

Tuunga ke siviI aki a e feunga fakafaunga

Table 6.1A gives the minimum dimensions for meeting specific levels of structural adequacy
for
Oku tuku atu I he Tepile 6.1A a e ngaahi fua iiki taha ke fakakakatoaki a e ngaahi
tuunga pau o e feunga fakafaunga ki ha

(a) Solid or hollow core plain slabs

Makalafalafa fefeka pe ava a loto

- the clear cover to the longitudinal reinforcement or tendons. A slab is continuous if it

is flexurally continuous along at least one edge under the imposed loads.
- ko e takafi tua ki he fakamalohibnga tuu fakaloloa pe ngaahi tenitoni. Oku
hokohoko ha makalafalafa o kapau oku flexurally continuous I ha tafaaki e taha I
lalo I he ngaahi uta oku hilifaki ki ai.

(b) Ribbed slabs with ribs spaced at not more than 1200 mm centre to centre
Ko e ngaahi maka lafalafa aia koe ngaahi kahoki oku fakavahavaha o ikai toe lahi
hake I he 1200 mm mei loto malie ki loto malie.

- the minimum width of the rib and the clear cover to the reinforcement or tendons of the
ribs. The slabs spanning the ribs may be treated as plain slabs as at (a).
- ko e falahi siI taha a e kahoki moe takafituaki he fakamalohinga pe ngaah
tenitoni o a ngaahi kahoki. Ko e ngaahi makalafalafa oku ne fakavahaaki a e
ngaahi kahoki e malava ke lau pe ia ko e ngaahi maka lafalafa o hange koia I he
(a).

(c) Beams (the upper surface of the beams must be integral with a slab or protected by one)
Ngaahi pimi (kuo pau ki he tafaaki taupotu ki olunga a e ngaahi pimi ke hoko ki ha
pe maluI aki ha maka lafalafa)

- the minimum width of web (rectangular or uniformly tapering cross-section) and the
clear cover to the reinforcement or tendons.
- ko e falahi siI taha o ha lalanga ( fua tapafa pe fefakakolosiaki tatau) mo e takafi
tua ki he fakamalohinga pe tenitoni.

(d) Solid or hollow core vertical walls

Ngaahi holisi fefeka pe ava a loto oku tuu fakavetikale

- the clear cover to the reinforcement or tendons. The effective thickness of the wall
must be at least equal to that given in Table 6.3 for the FRL for the insulation criterion
equal in period to the required structural adequacy criterion. Also, the slenderness ratio
must not exceed the values given in Table 6.1B.
- ko e takafi tua ki he fakamalohinga pe ngaahi tenitoni. Kuo pau ki he matolu
lolotonga o e holisi ke tatau moia oku oatu I he Tepile 6.3 ki he FRL ki he tuunga
oku siviI aki a e tuunga malohi oku tatau mo e vahaa taimi ki he tuunga oku
siviI aki a e feunga fakafaunga oku fiemau. Pea kuo pau ke oua naa lahi hake a
e leisioo manifi I he ngaahi mahuinga oku oatu I he Tepile 6.1B.

(e) Columns which are

Ko e ngaahi pou a ia oku-

(i)

exposed on all sides of fire;

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ha ki tua kotoa a e ngaahi tafaaki ki he vela;

(ii)

built into or form part of a wall that does not have a fire separating function;
langa pe fau ha konga o ha holisi oku ikai ke I ai haa ne ngaue ke
fakamavaheI a e vela;

(iii)

built into or form part of a wall that has a lower value of structural adequacy
than required for the column; or
langa pe fau ha konga o ha holisi oku siI ange a hono mahuinga a e
feunga fakafaunga oku fiemau ki he pou; pe

For all these cases it is the minimum cross-sectional dimension and the clear cover to the
reinforcement.
Ki he ngaahi mea ko eni ko e fua siI taha ki he fekolosiaki pea ko e takafi tua ki he
fakamalohinga.

6.2 Integrity criterion

Tuunga ki hono sivi a e tuunga malohi

The integrity criterion is relevant only for slabs and walls and not for ribs, beams and
columns. This criterion is satisfied if the criteria for structural adequacy and insulation are
met for the period required to comply with the integrity of the slab or wall as appropriate.
Ko e tuunga ki hono sivi a e tuunga malohi oku taau pea moe ngaahi makalafalafa mo
e ngaahi holisi ka ikai ki he ngaahi kahoki, pimi mo e ngaahi pou. Ko e tuunga siviI ko
eni oku kakato o kapau koe tuunga siviI ki he feunga fakafaunga mo e tuunga maluI
oku fakakakato ki he vahaa taimi oku fiemau ke faipau mo e tuunga malohi o e maka
lafalafa pe holisi o hange koia oki taau.

6.3 Insulation criterion

Tuunga ki hono sivi a e tuunga malu

This criterion is also relevant only for slabs and walls. It is met by complying with the
requirement for minimum effective thickness as given in Table 6.3. The effective thickness
of solid slabs and walls is the actual thickness. The effective thickness of hollow core slabs
and walls is the value of the net cross-sectional area divided by the width of the cross-section.
With hollow core slabs and walls the thickness of concrete between voids and between any
part of a void and the nearest surface must be not less than 25 mm or 20% of the effective
thickness of the slab.
Ko e tuunga ki hono sivi a e tuunga malu oku taau pea mo e ngaahi makalafalafa mo e
ngaahi holisi. Oku fakakakato a e ngaahi mea ni aki a ene faipau ki he ngaahi fiemau
ki he matolu totonu o hange oku oatu I he Tepile 6.3. Ko e matolu totonu a e ngaahi
makalafalafa fefeka mo e ngaahi holisi ko e matolu angamaheni pe ia. Ko e matolu
totonu a e ngaahi makalafalafa oku ava a loto mo e ngaahi holisi ko e mahuinga
fakakatoa a e elia o e konga fekolosiaki vahevaheaki a e falahi a e konga oku
fekolosiaki. Ki he ngaahi maka lafalafa kuo too liu mo e ngaahi holisi, ko e matolu a e
sima I loto I he ngaahi ava mo ha vahaa o e faahinga konga o e ava pea ko e tafaaki
taupotu taha kuo pau ke oua naa siI hifo I he 25mm pe 20% o e matolu totonu a e
maka lafalafa.

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

GYPSUM-PERLITE OR GYPSUM-VERMICULITE PLASTER ON METAL

LATH
PALASITAA GYPSUM-PERLITE PE GYPSUM-VERMICULITE I HE LAUI UKAMEA
MANIFI

7.1 Walls
Ngaahi holisi

In walls constructed of gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite plaster on metal lath and

channel
Ko e ngaahi holisi oku fau mei he palasitaa gypsum-perlite pe gypsum-vermiculite I he
lauI ukamea manifi moe senolo

(a)

the lath must be securely wired to each side of 19 mm x 0.44 kg/m steel channels
(used as studs) spaced at not more than 400 mm centres; and
kuo pau ki he lauI ukamea manifi ke haI uaeaI mau ki he tafaaki takitaha o e
19 mm x 0.44 kg/m ngaahi ukamea senolo (ngaueaki ko e tokatuu) o fakavaha
o ikai toe lahi hake I he 400 mm senitaa; pea

(b)

the gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite plaster must be applied symmetrically to

each exposed side of the lath.
kuo pau ki he palasitaa gypsum-perlite pe gypsum-vermiculite ke ai tatau ki he
tafakai takitaha oku ha ki tua o e lauI ukamea manifi.

7.2 Columns
Ngaahi pou

For the fire protection of steel columns with gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite plaster on
metal lath
Ko e maluI mei he vela a e ngaahi pou ukamea oku palasitaa gypsumperlite pe gypsum-vermiculite I he laui ukamea manifi

(a)

the thickness of the plaster must be measured from the back of the lath;
kuo pau ki he matolu a e palasitaa ke fua mei mui mei he lauI ukamea manifi;

(b)

the lath must be fixed at no more than 600 mm centres vertically to steel furring
channels, and
kuo pau ki he lauI ukamea manifi ke tuu mau o oua naa toe lahi hake 600
mm loto malie ki he loto malie e ne tuu fakavetikale ki he steel furring channels,
pea

(i)

if the plaster is to be 35 mm thick or more at least 12 mm clear of the

column; or
kapau ko e palasitaa ko hono matolu ko e 35 mm pe lahi hake ke 12 mm
mamao mei he fuu pou; pe

(ii)

if the plaster is to be less than 35 mm thick at least 6 mm clear of the

column; or
kapau ko e palasitaa ko hono matolu oku siI hifo I he 35 mm ke 6 mm
mamaomei he pou; pe

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(c)

the plaster may be applied to self-furring lath with furring dimples to hold it at not less
than 10 mm clear of the column.
e malava pe ki he palasitaa ke ai ki he self-furring lath mo e furring dimples ke
puke aki oua naa toe siI hifo I he 10 mm mamao mei he pou.

7.3 Beams
Ngaahi pimi

For the fire protection of steel beams with gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite on metal
lathKi hono maluI mei he vela a e ngaahi pimi ukamea aki a e palasitaa gypsum-perlite pe
gypsym-vermiculite I he lauI ukamea manifi-

(a)

the lath must be fixed at no more than 600 mm centres to steel furring channels and at
least 20 mm clear of the steel; and
kuo pau ki he lauI ukamea manifi ke fokotuu ke oua naa laka hake I he 600 mm
loto malie ki he steel furring channels pea ke 20 mm mamao mei he ukamea;
pea

(b)

the thickness of the plaster must be measured from the back of the lath.
kuo pau ki he matolu a e palasitaa ke fua mei mui mei he lauI ukamea manifi.

8 EXPOSURE OF COLUMNS AND BEAMS

ASI KI TUA A E NGAAHI POU MO E NGAAHI PIMI

8.1 Columns
Ngaahi pou

A column incorporated in or in contact with one or more sides with a wall of solid masonry or
concrete at least 100 mm thick may be treated as exposed to fire on no more than 3 sides.
Ko ha pou oku incorporated pe oku fakapipiki ki ha tafaaki e taha pe lahi hake o ha
holisi maka fefeka pe sima ke oua naa toe siI hifo I he 100 mm a hono matolu pea
hange pe oku asi ki he vela I he tafaaki e 3 pe lahi hake.

8.2 Beams
Ngaahi pimi

A beam, open-web joist, girder or truss in direct and continuous contact with a concrete slab
or a hollow block floor or roof may be considered to be exposed to fire on no more than 3
sides.
E malava ki ha pimi pe open-web joist, girder pe saa oku fekauaki fakahangatonu mo
hokohoko ki ha sima lafalafa pe ko ha faliki hollow block pe funga fale ke lau oku ataa
ki he vela o ikai laka hake I he tafaaki e 3.

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

9 FILLING OF COLUMN SPACES

FAKAFONU A E NGAAHI AVA I HE POU

If steel columns are deemed to have FRLs of more than 120/- /-, the spaces between the fireprotective material and the steel (and any re-entrant parts of the column itself) must be filled
solid with a fire-protective material like concrete or grout.
O kapau ko e ngaahi pou ukamea oku lau
120/-/-, ko e ngaahi vahaa i he naunau
faahinga re-entrant part o e pou koia) kuo
mei he vela o hange ko e sima pe ko e sima

oku ne mau a e FRLs oku lahi hake I he

maluI mei he vela mo e ukamea (mo ha
pau ke fakafonu kotoa aki ha naunau malu
fakapipiki.

TABLE 6.1A

TEPILE 6.1A

FRL REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY CRITERION

FRL NGAAHI FIEMAU KI HE TUUNGA FEUNGA FAKAFAUNGA

FRL (Minutes) Structural Adequacy

FRL(miniti) Feunga Fakafaunga

BUILDING ELEMENT
30

60

90

120

- reinforcement

15

20

25

30

- tendons

20

25

35

40

- reinforcement

10

15

20

25

- tendons

15

20

30

35

- reinforcement

10

15

15

15

- tendons

15

20

25

25

KONGA O E FALE

Plain Slabs
Simply supported one-way,
clear cover (mm) to

Simply supported two way,

clear cover (mm) to

Continuous one-way and twoway, clear cover (mm) to -

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

TABLE 6.1A Continued

TEPILE 6.1A Hoko atu

FRL REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY CRITERION

FRL NGAAHI FIEMAU KI HE TUUNGA FEUNGA FAKAFAUNGA

BUILDING ELEMENT

FRL (Minutes) Structural Adequacy

30
60
90
120

Ribs of plain slabs

Min. width x clear cover (both
in mm)
Simply supported one-way
and two-way ribbed slab
- reinforcement

80x15

110x25

135x35

150x45

- Tendons

80x25

110x35

135x45

150x55

70x15

75x20

110x25

125x35

70x25

75x30

110x35

125x45

Continuous one way and twoway ribbed slabs min. width

(mm) x clear cover (mm) - reinforcement
- tendon

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

Beams
Min. width x clear cover (both
in mm)
Simply supported
- reinforcement

75x20

120x30 or
150x25 or
240x20

150x45 or
200x35 or
300x30 or
500x25

200x55 or
240x45 or
360x40 or
600x33

- tendon

75x25

120x35 or
150x30 or
240x25

150x55 or
200x45 or
300x40 or
500x35

200x65 or
240x55 or
360x50 or
600x43

- reinforcement

72x20

120x20

150x25 or
200x20

200x35 or
240x25 or
380x20

- tendons

75x25

120x25

150x35 or
200x30

200x45 or
240x35 or
380x30

Continuous -

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

TABLE 6.1A Continued

TEPILE 6.1A Hoko atu

FRL REQUIREMENTS FOR STRUCTURAL ADEQUACY CRITERION

FRL NGAAHI FIEMAU KI HE TUUNGA FEUNGA FAKAFAUNGA

BUILDING ELEMENT

FRL (Minutes) Structural Adequacy

30
60
90
120

Columns
Min. cross sectional
dimension x clear cover (both
in mm) to reinforcement

150x10

200x20 or
240x15

250x35 or
300x25

300x45 or
400x35

TABLE 6.1B
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SLENDERNESS RATIO FOR CONCRETE WALLS
Ratio of design axial
Corresponding maximum
force to the product of
value of slenderness ratio
gross cross-sectional area
(effective height/thickness)
and the characteristic compressive
cylinder strength at 28 days
0.0
0.005
0.03
0.10

50
35
20
15

Notes:
1. Values in between can be interpolated.
2. Design axial force = 1.1 dead load + 0.6 live load including impact.
3. The characteristic compressive strength in MPa is generally expressed as the grade of
the concrete.
TABLE 6.3
MINIMUM EFFECTIVE THICKNESS FOR INSULATION FOR CONCRETE
SLABS AND WALLS
FRL for Insulation criterion
Minutes

Effective thickness
(mm)

30
60
90
120

60
80
100
120

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

10 REINFORCEMENT FOR COLUMN AND BEAM PROTECTION

FAKAUHO KI HE POU MO E MALUI O E PIMI

10.1

Masonry
Piliki sima

Concrete masonry used for the protection of steel columns must have steel-wire or mesh
reinforcement in every second course and lapped at the corners.
Kuo pau ki he piliki sima oku ngaueaki ke maluI a e ngaahi pou ukamea ke
fakamalohinga uaea mesi ukamea I he otu ua kotoa pe pea fakaova I he ngaahi tuliki.

10.2

Structural concrete
Faunga sima

If a steel column or a steel beam is to be protected with structural concrete

O kapau oku maluIaki a e pou ukamea pea pimi ukamea ha faunga sima

(a)

the concrete must be reinforced with steel-wire mesh or steel-wire binding placed 20
mm from its outer surface; and
kuo pau ki he sima ke fakamalohi aki ha uaea mesi ukamea pe uaea haI ukamea
o fokotuu 20 mm mei he tafaaki ki tua; pea

(b)

for concrete less than 50 mm thick, the steel wire must be

koe sima oku siI hifo I he 50 mm a hono matolu, kuo pau ki he uaea ke

(i)

at least 3.15 mm in diameter; and

oua naa siI hifo I he 3.15 a hono taiamita; pea

(ii)

spaced at not more than 100 mm vertically; or

fakavahavaha o ikai toe lahi hake I he 100 mm fakavetikale; pe

(c)

for concrete not less than 50 mm thick, the steel wire must be either
ki he sima oku ikai siI hifo I he 50mm a hono matolu, kuo pau ki he uaea
ukamea ke

(i)

of a diameter and spacing in accordance with (b); or

fakatatau a hono taiamita mo e fakavahavaha ke fakatatau ki he (b); pe

(ii)

at least 5 mm in diameter and spaced at not more than 150 mm vertically.

oua naa siI hifo I he 5 mm a hono taiamita pea fakavahavaha ke oua

naa lahi hake I he 150 mm fakavetikale.

10.3 Gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite plaster sprayed to contour

Fana palasitaa gypsum-perlite pe gypsum-vermiculite ke mau e fuo

(a)

If a steel column or steel beam is protected with either gypsum-perlite or gypsumvermiculite plaster sprayed to contour and the construction falls within the limits of
Table 10.3, the plaster must be reinforced with
Okapau oku maluIaki ha pou ukamea pe pimi ukamea aki hono fana palasitaa
gypsum-perlite pe gypsum-vermiculite ke mau hono fuo pea kau a e faunga I
he fakangatangata I he Tepile 10.3, kuo pau ki he palasitaa ke fakauhoaki a e

(i)

expanded metal lath complying with Clause 1.4; or

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SPECIFICATION A2.3
TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

laui ukamea manifi oku falahi oku faipau ki he Kupu 1.4; pe

(ii)

galvanised steel mesh complying with Clause 1.4.

uaea mesi kalavanaisi oku faipau ki he Kupu 1.4.

(b)

The reinforcement must be placed at a distance from the face of the plaster of at least
1/3 of the thickness of the plaster and must be securely fixed to the column or beam at
intervals equal to or less than what is listed in Table 10.3 as relevant.
Kuo pau ki he fakamalohinga ke fokotuu mamao mei he mata o e palasitaa oku
ikai toe siI hifo I he 1/3 a hono matolu pea kuo pau ke fokotuu ke mau ki he
pou pe pimi I he vamamao tatau pe siI hifo I he mea oku lisi I he Tepile 10.3
o hange oku fiemau.

(c)

For the purposes of Table 10.3Ki he ngaahi taumua o e Tepile 10.3-

(i)

vertical includes a surface at not more than 100 to the vertical;

vetikale oku kau ai a e tafaaki ikai lahi hake I he 100 fakavetikale;

(ii)

horizontal includes a surface at not more than 100 to the horizontal; and
holisonitolo oku kau au a e surface oku ikai lahi hake I he 100
fakaholisonitolo; mo e

(iii)

underside means the underside of any horizontal or non-vertical surface.

tafaaki taupotu ki lalo oku uhinga ia ki he tafaaki ki lalo o ha faahinga
tafaaki oku tuu fakaholisonitolo pe fakavetikale.

11 THICKNESS OF COLUMN AND BEAM PROTECTION

MATOLU A E MALUI O E POU MO E PIMI

11.1

Measurement of thickness
Fua a e matolu

The thickness of the fire-protection to steel columns and steel beams (other than fire
protection of gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite plaster sprayed on metal lath or sprayed
to contour) must be measured from the face or edge of the steel, from the face of a splice plate
or from the outer part of rivet or bolt, whichever is the closest to the outside of the fireprotective construction, except thatKo e matolu a e maluI mei he vela ki he ngaahi pou ukamea mo e ngaahi pimi (ikai ko
e maluI mei he vela a e palasitaa gypsum-perlite pe gypsum-vermiculite oku fana I he
lauI ukamea manifi pe fana ke mau hono fuo) kuo pau ke fua ia mei he mata pe tapa o
e ukamea, mei he mata o e peleti hoko pe mei he tafaaki ki tua o e liveti pe polota, ko
fe pe oku ofi taha ki he faunga maluI a e vela, tukukehe

(a)

if the thickness of the fire-protection is 40 mm or more, rivet heads may be

disregarded; and
kapau ko e matolu a e maluI mei he vela oku 40 mm pe lahi hake, e malava pe
ki he uluI liveti ke tuku ia; pea

(b)

if the thickness of the fire-protection is 50 mm or more

o kapau ko e matolu a e malu mei he vela oku 50 mm pe lahi hake

(i)

any part of a bolt ( other than a high-tensile bolt) may be disregarded; and
ha faahinga konga pe o e polota (ka ikai ko ha polota high-tensile) ke
oua ngaueaki ia; mo

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GENERAL PROVISIONS

SPECIFICATION A2.3

NGAAAHI TUUTUUNI FAKALUKUFUA

(ii)

TUUTUUNI PAU A2.3

any column splice plate within 900 mm of the floor may encroach upon the fire
protection by up to 25% of the thickness of the fire protection.
i ha faahinga peleti hokoanga pou oku tuu 900 mm mei he faliki e
malava pe ke ova atu I he maluI mei he vela o au ki he 25% a e
matolu a e maluI mei he vela.

TABLE 10.3
REINFORCEMENT OF GYPSUM-PERLITE OR GYPSUM-VERMICULITE
PLASTER SPRAYED TO CONTOUR
SURFACE TO BE
REINFORCEMENT
MAX SPACING OF
PROTECTED
REQUIRED
FIXINGS OF THE
IF SMALLER
MESH TO SURFACE
DIMENSION OF
(mm)
SURFACE EXCEEDS
(mm)
Members with H or I crosssection
Vertical

450

450

Non-vertical

300

300

Underside

300

300

Upper-side of
horizontal surface

Not required

Members with other shapes

Vertical

Any size

450

Non-vertical

Any size

300

Upper-side of a
horizontal surface

Not required

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