Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TYPESOFDISEASES
Cancer
Althoughbreastcanceris
themostcommoncancer
foundinwomen,and
prostatecancerthemost
commoninmen,lung
canceristhedeadliest.
Lungcancer,accordingto
theAmericanCancer
Society,isthetopcauseof
cancerdeathsinboth
sexes.
DropletSpread
Thesprayofdropletsduringcoughing
andsneezingcanspreadinfectious
disease.Youcaneveninfectanother
personthroughthedropletscreated
whenyouspeak.Dropletsfalltothe
groundwithinafewfeet,sothistype
oftransmissionrequiresclose
proximity.
Indirectcontact
Airbornetransmission
Someinfectiousagentscantravellong
distancesandremainsuspendedin
theairforanextendedperiodoftime.
Youcancatchadiseaselikemeasles
byenteringaroomwellaftersomeone
withmeasleshasdeparted.
Othermechanismsarecontaminatedobjetcs
areinsectbites,foodanddrinkingwater,etc.
CURRENTSPANDEMICS
WHATSAPANDEMIC?
ThewordpandemiccomesfromtheGreekpandemos.TheGreekword
panmeans"all"andtheGreekworddemosmeans"people".
Apandemicisanoutbreakofglobalproportions
CURRENTSPANDEMICS:
HIV/AIDS
Throughouthistory,pandemicshaveposedsomeofthegreatest
threatstomankind,claimingmorelivesthanallwarsandaccidents
puttogether.
Therearetomanypandemicsexamplesonthehistory,butwe
aregoingtotalk,about,HIV/AIDS.
HIV&AIDS
HIVstandsforhumans
immunodeficiencyvirus.The
virusattackstheimmune
systems,andweakensyour
abilitytofightinfectionsand
disease.
AIDSisthefinalstageofHIV
infection,whenyourbodycanno
longerfightlifethreatening
infections
CAUSES
ThebodyfluidsthatcontainsenoughHIVtoinfectsomeoneare:
Semen
Vaginalfluids,includingmenstrualblood
Breastmilk
Blood
Lininginsidetheanus
Otherfluidassaliva,sweatorurine,donotcontainenoughofthe
virustoinfectanotherperson.
CAUSES
Themainwaysthevirusentersthe
bloodstreamsare:
Byinjectingintothebloodstream
(withacontainedneedleorinjecting
equipment)
Throughthethinliningonorinside
theanusandgenitals
Throughthethinliningofthemouth
andeyes
Viacutssoresintheskin
SYMPTOMS
Themostcommonsymptomsare:
Fever(raisertemperature)
Sorethroat
Bodyrash
Othersymptomscaninclude:
Tiredness
Jointpain
Musclepain
Swollenglans(nodes)
However,thesesymptomsaremostcommonlycausedbyconditions
otherthanHIV,anddonotmeanyouhavethevirus.
SYMPTOMS
Oncetheimmunesystem
becomesseverelydamage
symptomscaninclude:
Weightloss
Chronicdiarrhoea
Nighsweats
Skinproblems
Recurrentinfections
Seriouslifethreatening
illnesses
DIAGNOSTIC
YoucanonlybecertainyouhaveHIVifyouhaveaHIVtest.
TheearlierHIVisdiagnostic,theearlieryoucanstarttreatmentand
avoidbecomingill,andavoidpassingthevirustosomeoneelse.
ThemostcommonformofHIVtestisabloodtest.Italsopossibleto
testsforHIVusingpointcaretestkitswhichtestasampleofsaliva
takenfromthemouthoraspotofbloodtakenfromprickingafinger
withaneedle
TREATMENT
Ifyouthinkyouhavebeenexposedtotheviruswithinthelast72
hours(threedays),antiHIVmedicationmaystopyoubecoming
infected.(postexposureprophylaxisorPEP)
IfyouarediagnosedwithHIV,youwillhaveregularbloodtestto
monitortheprogressoftheHIVinfectionbeforestartingtreatment.
OnceHIVtreatmentisstarted,youwillprobablyneedtotakethe
medicationfortherestofyourlife.
PUERPERALFEVER