You are on page 1of 21

H

TYPESOFDISEASES

Heart, lung and other organ diseases


Heartattacks,coronaryheartdiseaseand
congestiveheartfailureareallcommon.
Lungdiseases,suchaschronicobstructive
pulmonarydisease,alsocausemany
deaths.Causesoftheseailments,aswell
asthoseofotherorgans,includeinherited
conditions,infectionsandtrauma.

BLOOD AND IMMUNE SYSTEM


DISEASES

Among the most prevalent are type 1 diabetes,


rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Immune
system problems may be congenital or, as in
the case od AIDS, acquired.

Cancer
Althoughbreastcanceris
themostcommoncancer
foundinwomen,and
prostatecancerthemost
commoninmen,lung
canceristhedeadliest.
Lungcancer,accordingto
theAmericanCancer
Society,isthetopcauseof
cancerdeathsinboth
sexes.

Brain and nervous system diseases

Brain and nervous system illnesses can appear at


any age. Spina bifida, which is associated with
inadequate folic acid intake in a pregnant
woman's diet, is present at birth. Alzheimer's
dementia, like schizophrenia, arises in adults, has
a genetic component and is associated with
physical changes in the brain.

Disease transmission overview


Directcontact
Persontopersoncontact
Transmissionoccurswhenaninfected
persontouchesorexchangesbody
fluidswithsomeoneelse.Respiratory
illnessesandsexuallytransmitted
diseasesaresomeofthediseasesthat
canbetransmittedthisway.

DropletSpread
Thesprayofdropletsduringcoughing
andsneezingcanspreadinfectious
disease.Youcaneveninfectanother
personthroughthedropletscreated
whenyouspeak.Dropletsfalltothe
groundwithinafewfeet,sothistype
oftransmissionrequiresclose
proximity.

Indirectcontact
Airbornetransmission
Someinfectiousagentscantravellong
distancesandremainsuspendedin
theairforanextendedperiodoftime.
Youcancatchadiseaselikemeasles
byenteringaroomwellaftersomeone
withmeasleshasdeparted.

Othermechanismsarecontaminatedobjetcs
areinsectbites,foodanddrinkingwater,etc.

CURRENTSPANDEMICS

WHATSAPANDEMIC?

ThewordpandemiccomesfromtheGreekpandemos.TheGreekword
panmeans"all"andtheGreekworddemosmeans"people".
Apandemicisanoutbreakofglobalproportions

CURRENTSPANDEMICS:
HIV/AIDS

Throughouthistory,pandemicshaveposedsomeofthegreatest
threatstomankind,claimingmorelivesthanallwarsandaccidents
puttogether.
Therearetomanypandemicsexamplesonthehistory,butwe
aregoingtotalk,about,HIV/AIDS.

HIV&AIDS
HIVstandsforhumans
immunodeficiencyvirus.The
virusattackstheimmune
systems,andweakensyour
abilitytofightinfectionsand
disease.

AIDSisthefinalstageofHIV
infection,whenyourbodycanno
longerfightlifethreatening
infections

CAUSES

ThebodyfluidsthatcontainsenoughHIVtoinfectsomeoneare:
Semen
Vaginalfluids,includingmenstrualblood
Breastmilk
Blood
Lininginsidetheanus

Otherfluidassaliva,sweatorurine,donotcontainenoughofthe
virustoinfectanotherperson.

CAUSES
Themainwaysthevirusentersthe
bloodstreamsare:
Byinjectingintothebloodstream
(withacontainedneedleorinjecting
equipment)
Throughthethinliningonorinside
theanusandgenitals
Throughthethinliningofthemouth
andeyes
Viacutssoresintheskin

SYMPTOMS
Themostcommonsymptomsare:
Fever(raisertemperature)
Sorethroat
Bodyrash
Othersymptomscaninclude:

Tiredness
Jointpain
Musclepain
Swollenglans(nodes)

However,thesesymptomsaremostcommonlycausedbyconditions
otherthanHIV,anddonotmeanyouhavethevirus.

SYMPTOMS
Oncetheimmunesystem
becomesseverelydamage
symptomscaninclude:

Weightloss

Chronicdiarrhoea

Nighsweats

Skinproblems

Recurrentinfections

Seriouslifethreatening
illnesses

DIAGNOSTIC

YoucanonlybecertainyouhaveHIVifyouhaveaHIVtest.
TheearlierHIVisdiagnostic,theearlieryoucanstarttreatmentand
avoidbecomingill,andavoidpassingthevirustosomeoneelse.
ThemostcommonformofHIVtestisabloodtest.Italsopossibleto
testsforHIVusingpointcaretestkitswhichtestasampleofsaliva
takenfromthemouthoraspotofbloodtakenfromprickingafinger
withaneedle

TREATMENT

Ifyouthinkyouhavebeenexposedtotheviruswithinthelast72
hours(threedays),antiHIVmedicationmaystopyoubecoming
infected.(postexposureprophylaxisorPEP)
IfyouarediagnosedwithHIV,youwillhaveregularbloodtestto
monitortheprogressoftheHIVinfectionbeforestartingtreatment.
OnceHIVtreatmentisstarted,youwillprobablyneedtotakethe
medicationfortherestofyourlife.

PUERPERALFEVER

You might also like