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LABORATORY
MANUAL
DECEMBER 2007
Where
2. OBJECTIVE
The experiment aims to demonstrate the most important physical laws on thermal and optical
radiation.
3. EQUIPMENT
Thermal Radiation Study Unit WL360
4. PROCEDURE
Part A Stefan-Boltzmann Law
1. Place the radiometer 150mm from the heat source.
2. Switch on the radiometer and observe and record the background readings i.e. radiation and
temperature. (Ensure that the load is switched off)
3. Switch on the load switch and set the power regulator to 5.
4. Then record the readings for every 10oC increments of increasing temperature up to 100oC.
Both readings should be calculated simultaneously at any given point.
Part B Lamberts Distance Law
1. Place the radiometer at a distance of 1000mm from the heat source.
2. Switch on the radiometer and observe and record the background readings i.e. radiation and
temperature. (Ensure that the load is switched off)
3. Switch on the load switch and set the power regulator to 5.
4. Wait for a steady temperature. Record the radiometer reading and the distance from the heat
source of the radiometer along the horizontal track for ten radiometer positions.
Part C Lamberts Direct Law (Cosine Law)
1. Mount the luxmeter at a separation of L = 400mm from the light source. Ensure that the
luxmeter is connected to the measuring amplifier.
2. Switch on the measuring amplifier and note the background readings.
3. Mount the light source in position = 0o, switch it on and turn the power regulator to setting no.
9.
4. Record the illuminance, E in Lux and repeat the procedure with increasing angle of incidence,
in steps of 10o (0o to 900).
5. REPORT
Part A - Stefan-Boltzmann Law
1. Draw a graph of Irradiance versus Temperature on log-log paper.
2. Calculate the slope of the graph.
3. What does the slope indicate?
Part B Inverse Square Law of Heat
1. Draw a graph of Irradiance versus Distance on log-log paper.
2. Calculate the slope of the graph.
3. What does the slope indicate?
Part C Lamberts Direct Law (Cosine Law)
1. Tabulate the values of background illuminance, measured illuminance, corrected illuminance
(measured background) and normalized illuminance (corrected / illuminance at = 0o) for
every angle taken.
2. Draw a graph of Corrected Illuminance reading versus Angle.
TABLES
FOR
DATA COLLECTION
&
CALCULATIONS
Distance
Radiometer Reading
Radiometer Reading
Background
Illuminance
(Lux)
Illuminance
(Lux)
Corrected
Illuminance
(Lux)
Normalised
Illuminance (Unit 1)