Adiabatic Container

EMM3110

Group Members
Wan Lokman Bin Wan Ahmad (177109)
Muhammad Redzuan Bin Kamarudin (180590)

Akmal Aizat Bin Mohamad Hanif (177831)

Muhammad Amri Bin Nasruddin (180400)
Muhammad Amirrullah bin Ahmad Suhari (178423)

What is Adiabatic?
Process is adiabatic if there is no exchange of
heat between system and environment.
Example:
A thermos flask.

Concept is to keep the heat

from leaving the system so that
the water inside the container
remains hot.

Work and Temperature

First law: dU = dQ dW
Adiabatic process: dU = -dW
If system does work (dW > 0), dU < 0 (system
cools)
If work is done on system (dW < 0), dU > 0
(system warms)

Design
Cylindrical shape is used for the adiabatic
container.
Reason.
Easily handle.
Hold large amount of water
Stable design
Inner Radius : 8.5 cm
Outer Radius: 13 cm
Height: 20 cm

Governing equation
For an adiabatic process of ideal gas equation we have
PV = K (Constant) (14)

Where is the ratio of specific heat (ordinary or molar) at

constant pressure and at constant volume;
= Cp/Cv

Suppose in an adiabatic process pressure and volume of a

sample of gas changs from (P1, V1) to (P2, V2) then we
have P1(V1)=P2(V2)=K
Thus, P = K/V

Results
Recorded Observation (Temperature (oC)
Minutes

Open Air

Closed container

67.0oC

67.0oC

10

58.0oC

63.0oC

20

51.5oC

59.0oC

30

43.0oC

53.0oC

40

38.5oC

49.0oC

Calculation
Available parameters:
Surrounding temperature=27 C
Volume of air=6.5x10-3m3
Volume of water=0.2m3
Density ,
water =1000kg/m3
air=1.2kg/m3

In adiabatic container Ti=67 C and Tf=49.0 C

In open surrounding Ti=67 C and Tf=38.5 C
Time taken=40 minutes

Calculation
Heat transfer

Governing equation

Q= Heat Transfer

Tf= Final Temperature

t= Time Take

d= Thickness

k= Thermal Constant

A= Area of conduction

Ti= Initial Temperature

Calculation
Heat loss in adiabatic container :
Water:
m,(mass of water)= pV
= (1000)(20010^-6) =0.20 kg

Q=-(0.20)(4200)(49-67) = -15120 J

Calculation
Heat loss in open surrounding:
Q= -0.204200 (38.5-67) = -23940 J

Precentage heat loss reduction:

63.157%

Final Results
Expected final temperature after 40min
Expected in closed container :60oC
Obtained results : 52oC

Total Heat Loss

Open Air : 39.7765 J
Closed Container : 34.3334 J

Total Work Done by water heat loss

Open Air : .
Closed Container : .

Limitation
The heat escape from the container as the
container is not properly sealed.
The heat escape when the measurement is
taken down.
The material used is not proper material for
thermal insulation.

Conclusion
The result of our experiment coherent to our
expectation which is our design suppose to
get less work done for our adiabatic container
compared to open air controlled test.
Although the experiment that we conducted
follows ours expectation. The value of work
done is too high for the container.