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Welcome to Ivey!

Ivey Incoming Exchange


September 2015

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Agenda
Time

Activity

Facilitator

8:30 10:00

Welcome & Important Information

Meagan Seale, HBAA Exchange Coordinators

Location
Room 1310

10:00 10:45

Program Director Presentation

10:45 11:00
11:00 12:20

Mary Gillett

Room 1310

Morning Break
Case Class

12:20 1:00

Professor Adam Fremeth

Room 1310

Lunch Break

1:00 1:30

Program Services Director Presentation

Aindrea Cramp

Room 1310

1:30 2:30

Introduction to Canadian Business

Professor Mike Moffatt

Room 1310

2:30 2:45

Questions & Wrap Up

Meagan Seale

Room 1310

2:45 3:30

Campus Tour - Casebook Pickup/Student Central/UCC

Exchange Coordinators

Various

3:30-4:00
4:00

Afternoon Break
Orientation Event

Exchange Coordinators

Meet at Ivey

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

ICEBREAKER!!
Unique & Common
Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Important Contacts
Meagan Seale, HBA2 & Exchange Coordinator

mseale@ivey.ca
519-661-3218

HBAA Exchange Coordinators

Kayla Duncan kduncan.hba2016@ivey.ca


Meran Glass mglass.hba2016@ivey.ca
Emily Lonetto elonetto.hba2016@ivey.ca

HBA Office

Open Monday-Friday from 8:30am-4:30pm


519-661-4111
HBA Program Services Office is located on the second floor, up the main
stairwell

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Canadian Culture
Individuality
Work towards personal goals
Make decisions for self
Become self-sufficient

WHAT DOES THIS MEAN TO YOU?

Authority
Student-teacher relationship less formal
Use of given name

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Canadian Culture
Time & Attendance
Punctuality is important will receive grade
penalty if late
Can not be absent from class attendance is
required (more on this later)

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Class Contribution
Large part of your grade (some 40%)
What do you think we mean by
contribution?
How many of you are graded on this at
home?
Meaningful participation
Case preparation ideas

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Cultural Adjustment
Some strategies to help

Keep an open mind


Manage your time
Participate in school events and activities
Establish a routine
Keep some contact with home minimal,
focus on the NOW!

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Toolkit for a low-stress semester


Find something that you enjoy. What sorts
of events / activities / sports / clubs are
you looking forward to?
Eat healthy! Lots of options on campus
(Ivey Eatery & UCC closest)

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Toolkit for a low-stress semester


Practice mindfullness be in the moment,
take 10 seconds out to have a mini
break. Any ideas or suggestions on how
you can de-stress?
Get lots of rest and plan your schedule
accordingly. Add in some time for FUN!

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Toolkit for a low-stress semester


Mandatory meeting with Meagan to
discuss your first few weeks at Ivey
Beginning September 23
Schedule meeting the same was as Add/Drop
appointments
Link available in eZone

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Resources
POSTCARD!
Feeling homesick?
Housemates/roommates/classmates
HBA Program Office
International & Exchange Student Centre (IESC)

International & Graduate Affairs Building, 2nd floor

iWellness
http://iwellness.uwo.ca/
International Students and Wellness

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Academic Issues
Plagiarism
Use of another persons work without acknowledging that the
work is not yours.

Attendance
Mandatory
Miss more that 25% of classes? Not acceptable. Will not be
permitted to write exam.
If unable to make class, email faculty member and copy
hbaaway@ivey.ca
**Take the time to read your course outlines**

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Student Number & Access Code


Needed for access to:
Ivey building
Study rooms in the Ivey building
Western Student Recreation Centre

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

HBA Term Fees


Fees were due August 14, 2015
Total: $453.38
Bus pass - $217.88
UHIP - $204.00 (per term)
Western One card - $27.00
**All fee related questions are to be directed to the
Registrars Office (www.registrar.uwo.ca)**

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

HBA Course Material Fees


Fees are due December 1, 2015
More information will follow to your
@ivey.ca email address in mid-November
Comprised of casebooks and other
classroom expenses
Approximately $500 per term

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

UHIP
UHIP is MANDATORY
You are automatically enrolled in UHIP for the duration in
which you are attending Western.
Fee will appear on fees bill in your Western Student Centre
account.
After arriving at Western (and having paid your fees), you will
receive an email to your @uwo.ca email account directing you
to a website to download at print your UHIP card.
For information about UHIP and preferred health care
providers, please visit
http://iesc.uwo.ca/current/health_care_in_canada/uhip/index.html

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

UHIP What is Covered


UHIP covers medical and hospital expenses such
as: physicians services, diagnosis & treatment of
illnesses, surgery, x-rays, hospital services, and
emergency dental care in a hospital.
Services that are not covered by the plan include:
charges for dental care not approved by the plan,
eyeglasses, and prescription medication.
For details about what is included in the coverage,
please visit: http://uhip.ca/index.htm

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Nametag & Nameplate


Nametag
Business functions
Case competitions
Replacement fee: $10.00

Nameplate
Take it with you to class
Dont leave it at home or at school!
Replacement fee: $10.00

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

I.T. and eZone


I.T. Department
Second floor, outside room 2110
https://support.ivey.ca/home

eZone
Update your bio
Add local address (London, ON)
Complete before Monday September 14th!

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Welcome to the
Ivey Family
Faculty Director, HBA Program
Mary Gillett
Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Leadership Essentials

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Morning Break
back for 11:00am

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Grupo Dulces Suenos

Adam Fremeth
Professor of Business, Economics, and Public Policy
September 11, 2015

Timeline
February 2010

Letter from
LAWTI to
Chocolate
companies to
take action
before bubble
bursts

Early 2011

Elsie joins
GDS

April 2011

Take Action
Now
Bulletin #19
on 2/$10
pricing

May 2011

Take Action
Now
Bulletin #20
requesting a
meeting.
Elsie
approaches
Scudero

December 2012

July 2013

All
companies
increase
prices

Elsie
meets
with
Liendo

Competition Law
Illegal Activities:
Mexico - Federal Law of Economic Competition

1.Enforced
Price Maintenance
Supplier
Prevents customer
by Federal Competition
Commission
from selling below a minimum price by way of
Canada
Competition
Act
threat, promise
or agreement.
Enforced by Competition Bureau

2.USA
Price
Fixing Act
Agreements
Sherman
of 1890 between multiple
preventofor
unduly less competition or
persons
Enforced byto
Department
Justice
to unreasonably enhance the price of a product.
How do these agencies uncover illegal activity?

What Happened?
This is actually a Canadian case, involving all major
chocolate manufacturers.

LAWTI
is
GDS
is
Carmelo
Hilario is is
Pluton is

Gustavo
RobertoScudero
Silva
Liendo
is is
actually
is actually
actually
Glenn
Robert
Stevens,
Leonidas,
CEO of
President
ITWAL
of Nestle
Daniel
David
Sculthorpe,
CEO
of Cadbury

What Happened? (ii)


CEO of Cadbury (or GDS) moved first and blew
the whistle and received criminal immunity from
the Canadian Competition Bureau.
Hershey (or Hilario) cooperated second and had to
plead guilty and pay a $4 million fine.

Two executives at Nestle, including Robert


Leonidas (Liendo), were criminally charged and
face maximum penalties of $10 million and/or
five years in prison.
CEO of ITWAL also facing similar charges.

Key Learning Points


When managing you have a responsibility for more than
yourself.
The choice to bend or break the rules could be
appealing.

This is made more difficult when you have knowledge


that others inside and/or outside your organization have
made such a choice.
Following others may be easy but not always best once
considered against an objective criteria.

Mechanisms for blowing the whistle will become more


prominent and need to be considered when appropriate.

Tips for the Case Method Approach


Assignment questions help you prepare but all cases involve
decisions
Decision making involves:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Issue identification
Defining Alternatives
Specifying Criteria
Analysis of alternatives against criteria
Make a decision consider action plan

What is good contribution?

Clearly articulated insights/questions that enhance learning


No right or wrong decisions but there are better and poorer
arguments
Putting poor arguments or impossible solutions on the table
can be very valuable contributions
Bad answer I havent thought about it

TIMELINE
February 21, 2010

LAWTI letter to chocolate manufacturers about the out-of-control trade spend practices - need
to take action before the chocolate bar bubble bursts

Early 2011

Elsie Maya joins GDS as VP Marketing after 8 years at Hilario.


Daniel Scudero also joins as CEO about this time.

April 25 2011

LAWTI Take Action Now Bulletin #19 on 2/$10 pricing

May 2 2011

LAWTI Take Action Now Bulletin #20 calling for a meeting on pricing issues.
Maya approaches Scudero - he will handle LAWTI

December 2012

All major chocolate manufacturers implement a double-digit price increase.

July 2013

Elsie meets with Roberto Liendo, receives Caramelo memo, then calls Scudero

Lunch Break
back for 1:00pm

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

HBA Program Services


Director, HBA Program Services
Aindrea Cramp

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

HBA Program Services


Support of Students
Advisor to academic and personal concerns that ensure a
positive learning experience for all of our students
Direct channel to internal and external resources that assist
students in academic, financial, medical, and other personal or
academic needs
Appointments can be made with any of the contact people

Liaison to student leadership and their integration with HBA


Upholding confidentiality, academic accountability and integrity at all times

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Communication to You
Methods by which we communicate to you
m.ivey.ca

Important that we have local contact information


phone number and address by which we can reach
you in an emergency

Academic Information
Course Information
Follow-ups if you have made appointments with
our office

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Expectations
Attendance and Punctuality
Reporting Absences Faculty and
hbaaway@ivey.ca
Exam Policies and Medical Documentation

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Faces to Know in HBA Program Services


Aindrea Cramp
Director, HBA Program Services

Mindy Studnicka
Academic Counsellor

Brett Wiepjes
HBA1 & Exam Coordinator

Nadia Kirkland
HBA Program Assistant

Meagan Seale
HBA2 & Exchange Coordinator

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

myHBA (Peer to Peer Support)


myhba.com
Health and Wellness
If you need support for anything, someone
to chat with, someone to listen, they are
here to assist

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Other Campus Services


Student Development Centre
Additional Counselling, Learning Skills, SSD Services

Student Medical Services (UCC Lower Level)


Office of The Ombudsperson (Student Services Building)
Issues of fairness and equality

In an emergency, from an on-campus phone please dial 911 &


from a mobile phone dial 519-661-3300. Always alert a faculty
member, staff member, or program office staff to the emergency.

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Other Advice
Get the most out of your short time here!
Take time to get used to Iveys environment
find your unique style and work schedule
Immerse yourself with all of your classmates
Do something that takes you out of your
comfort zone
Never be afraid to ask questions or seek help
Keep Balanced and Focused

Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Structure of the Canadian


Economy
Mike P. Moffatt
September 2015

Structure of the Canadian


Economy
Mike P. Moffatt
September 2015

About Me
Teach:
Global Macroeconomics for Managers &
Business, Government and Globalization (HBA)
Economics (MBA)
Writer:
Rogers Media Inc. (Canadian Business,
Macleans Magazine)
Non-partisan policy advisor for a number of
politicians.
Copyright 2012

About Me
Teach:
Business, Government and Globalization (HBA)
Economics (MBA)
Writer:
Rogers Media Inc. (Canadian Business,
Macleans Magazine)
Non-partisan policy advisor for a number of
politicians. (Most recent Econ Advisor to J.
Trudeau)
Copyright 2012

Purpose of Presentation
Canadas economy much different in structure
than either the United States or the EU.
Misunderstanding how the Canadian economy
works could lead to some very bad business
decisions.

Copyright 2012

Six Discussion Points


1. Basic Stats on the Canadian Economy
2. Inequality and Taxation
3. Death of Manufacturing Jobs
4. Canadian-US Exchange Rate
5. Productivity and Output
6. Media Resources

Copyright 2012

1. Basic Stats on the


Canadian Economy

Size of the Canadian Economy


Canadian Economy roughly 15th largest in the world (depending on how
measured/when measurement took place).
GDP (PPP) in Trillions of Dollars 2015 World Bank Data (2014)
1. China

18.0

2. U.S.A.

17.4

6. Germany

3.7

10. U.K.

2.5

15. Canada

1.6

16. Spain

1.6

20. Australia

1.0

http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_2014+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_valuelast&sort=desc

Copyright 2012

Size of the Canadian Economy


Canadians are, per capita, roughly the 19th highest income people in the
world.
GDP (PPP) per capita 2015 World Bank Data (2014)
1. Macao

$140,358

5. Norway

$ 64,893

8. U.S.

$ 54,630

15. Sweden

$ 45,143

17. Canada

$ 44,089

18. Australia

$ 43,901

22. U.K.

$ 39,137

http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD
Copyright 2012

Trade: Canadian Imports


Two-thirds of all merchandise imports into Canada come from the U.S.
Imports in 2014 in billions of $
TOTAL

524.0

U.S.

350.4 (67%)

E.U.

49.3

China

35.5

Mexico

17.2

Japan

9.2

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/gblec02a-eng.htm

Copyright 2012

Trade: Canadian Exports


Three-quarters of all merchandise exports into Canada go to the U.S.
Exports in 2014 in billions of $
TOTAL

529.0

U.S.

400.0 (76%)

E.U.

40.5

China

20.6

Mexico

6.8

Japan

11.0

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/gblec02a-eng.htm

Copyright 2012

Trade: Balance of Trade


Trade Balance in 2014
TOTAL

+5.0

U.S.

+49.7

E.U.

-8.8

China

-14.9

Mexico

-10.4

Japan

+1.9

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/tables-tableaux/sum-som/l01/cst01/gblec02a-eng.htm

Copyright 2012

Imports and Exports By Type (in B$)


Type

Exports

Imports

Difference

Agricultural

41.0

32.6

8.4

Crude Oil

68.3

27.8

40.5

Nat Gas

13.5

0.0

13.5

Other Energy

30.4

24.2

6.2

116.9

98.0

18.9

Machinery

80.6

124.7

-44.1

Automotive

59.3

71.3

-12.0

Other Consumer

16.4

59.6

-43.2

Industrial Goods

Copyright 2012

2. Inequality and Taxation:


A Tale of Four Countries

Consider Four Countries


Two Nordic States Equality Leaders

Two North American Countries

Copyright 2012

Measure of Inequality
The Gini coefficient is a number between zero and
one that is a measure of inequality.
1 = Maximum Inequality.
0 = Perfect Equality.

There are other measures of inequality we could


use, but this one the most popular and has the most
data available.

Copyright 2012

Gini Coefficients: Pre-Tax Market Income


United States

Canada

Sweden

Denmark

0.200

0.250

0.300

0.350

0.400

0.450

0.500

U.S.-Denmark gap: 0.070, Canada-Denmark gap: 0.025. Source: OECD.


Copyright 2012

Gini Coefficients: Pre-Tax Market Income


Measure accounts for the following:
Unionization Rates

Education Levels

Minimum Wage

Labour Skills

Demographics

Industrial Policy

Immigration

Public/Private Mix

Does not account for taxes or transfers.

Copyright 2012

Gini Coefficients: After-Tax Market Income


United States

Canada

Sweden

Denmark

0.200

0.250

0.300

0.350

0.400

0.450

0.500

U.S.-Denmark gap: 0.067, Canada-Denmark gap: 0.025. Sources: OECD, Lane


Kenworthy The High-Employment Route to Low Inequality.
Copyright 2012

Gini Coefficients: After-Tax Market Income


Progressive taxation reduces Gini coefficient by
roughly 4 points. (point = 0.01)
No significant difference in reductions in the 4
countries.
U.S. system slightly more progressive than other 3
countries.

Copyright 2012

Gini Coefficients: After-Tax and Transfers


United States

Canada

Sweden

Denmark

0.200

0.250

0.300

0.350

0.400

0.450

0.500

U.S.-Denmark gap: 0.130, Canada-Denmark gap: 0.076. Sources: OECD, Lane


Kenworthy The High-Employment Route to Low Inequality.
Copyright 2012

Gini Coefficients: After-Tax and Transfers


United States

Canada

Sweden

Denmark

0.200

0.250

0.300

0.350

0.400

0.450

0.500

U.S.-Denmark gap: 0.130, Canada-Denmark gap: 0.076. Sources: OECD, Lane


Kenworthy The High-Employment Route to Low Inequality.
Copyright 2012

Gini Coefficients: After-Tax and Transfers


Reduces inequality from 6-13 points vs. 4 for
progressive taxation.
Unlike tax progressivity, big differences
U.S. and Canada see a 6-7 point reduction.
Denmark and Sweden see a 12-13 point reduction.

Only 2.5 point gap between Canada and Denmark


pre-transfers, but 7.6 point difference post-transfers.

Copyright 2012

How Do We Pay for Transfers?


Transfers and programs aimed at the bottom
10/20/30% cost a great deal of money. How do
countries finance them?

Copyright 2012

Corporate Tax Rates


45.0%

40.0%

35.0%

30.0%

25.0%

20.0%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

0.0%

Denmark

Sweden

Source: OECD. Data from 2007.


Copyright 2012

Canada

U.S.

But Do U.S. Companies Actually Pay?

Source: http://www.weeklystandard.com/blogs/ge-filed-57000-page-tax-return-paidno-taxes-14-billion-profits_609137.html
Copyright 2012

Corporate Taxes as a Percentage of GDP


United States

Canada

Sweden

Denmark

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

Source: OECD. Note an inverse relationship between corporate tax rates and
amounts collected. Data from 2007.
Copyright 2012

30.0%

Personal Income Taxes + Payroll Taxes +


Social Security as a Percentage of GDP
United States

Canada

Sweden

Denmark

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

30.0%

U.S.-Denmark gap: 6.9 perc. points, Canada-Denmark gap: 7.7 perc. points. Source:
OECD. Data from 2007.
Copyright 2012

Sales Taxes as a Percentage of GDP


United States

Canada

Sweden

Denmark

0.0%

5.0%

10.0%

15.0%

20.0%

25.0%

U.S.-Denmark gap: 11.6 perc. points, Canada-Denmark gap: 8.4 perc. points.
Source: OECD. Data from 2007.
Copyright 2012

30.0%

VAT Rates
30.0%

25.0%

20.0%

15.0%

10.0%

5.0%

0.0%
Denmark

Sweden

Source: OECD. Data from 2007.


Copyright 2012

Ontario

US Federal

3. Death of Manufacturing
Jobs in Canada

Easy to Conclude Manufacturing in a


Tailspin

Copyright 2012

Data on Jobs Not Pretty


Between 2004 and 2008, more than 1/7th of
the jobs in manufacturing disappeared in
Canada. (322,000 jobs in total). Similar
trends in other developed countries, though to
a smaller extent.
Outside of mid-to-late 1990s, this has been
the norm in Canada.

Copyright 2012

Employment in Manufacturing
Manufacturing Employment (000s)
2500

2000

1500

1000

500

Copyright 2012

Employment in Manufacturing
% of Workers in Manufacturing
25.00%

20.00%

15.00%

10.00%

5.00%

0.00%

Copyright 2012

Manufacturing Output Growing, But


Not As Fast As Rest of Economy
Manufacturing output (as measured by Real GDP)
actually rose over the last decade, though only
marginally. Mostly due to a post-2009 rebound.

Copyright 2012

How to Reconcile These Facts?


The answer is in productivity: There has been a 40%
increase in productivity ($ value of output per hour
worked) in manufacturing over the last decade.
This is faster than productivity is increasing in the
economy as a whole, both on average and in most
years (7 out of 10 years from 1998 to 2007).
Canadian manufacturers are simply producing more
with less, thanks to automation from capital
investments and R&D.

Copyright 2012

Favourite Example U.S. Steel Gary, IN

1950
6 million tonnes produced
30,000 employees

2010
7.5 million tonnes produced
5,000 employees
Copyright 2012

4. The Canadian-U.S.
Exchange Rate

Canadian Dollar Has Appreciated


Rapidly Over Last Decade
Due to a combination of weak USD and rapid
increase in commodity prices.

Copyright 2012

Canadian Dollar Has Appreciated


Rapidly Over Last Decade But
Significant changes since 2012.

Copyright 2012

Canadian Dollar (Essentially) a PetroDollar


Correlation between the CAD-USD exchange
rate and the price of oil ~0.85.
This is not necessarily causation (naturally),
but does make intuitive sense. Canada
exports a great deal of oil, so as the price of
oil goes up, the value of Canadian exports
rises, taking the currency along with it.

Copyright 2012

Appreciating Currency and Exporters


Damaging for exporters who have the
following business models:
High proportion of expenses in Canadian
dollars, high proportion of revenues in US
dollars.
Typically this occurs with companies that are labour
intensive

Compete against domestic U.S. companies.


Low-to-medium profit margins.
Copyright 2012

IRPP Study
A recent IRPP study finds that only 25 of 80
manufacturing industries show a significant
negative relationship between the exchange
rate and output. These include:
Clothing manufacturing
Leather and allied product manufacturing
Household appliance manufacturing
Furniture product manufacturing

Copyright 2012

IRPP Study
Industries slightly affected to not at all include:

Chemical manufacturing (including pharmaceuticals)


Plastics and rubber manufacturing
Paper manufacturing
Primary metal manufacturing

These industries tend to not be particularly labour


intensive, have a high proportion of their
expenses in U.S. dollars, or have few foreign
competitors.
Copyright 2012

Conclusions
Similar results found in another recent study (Beine,
Coulombe and Vermeulen).
Currency closely tied to oil prices.
High currency affects some manufacturing industries
more than others and some not at all.
Companies with a high proportion of their expenses
in U.S. dollars, such as chemical manufacturing, can
thrive in a high CAD environment.

Copyright 2012

5. Productivity and
Output

What Determines a Countrys Output?


1. Number of total hours worked.
2. Productivity: $ Value of output per hour
worked.

Copyright 2012

Canada Lags in Productivity vis--vis


the U.S. ($ Value Output/Hours Worked)
60

50

40

30

20
Canada

United States

10

0
1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010

Copyright 2012

Research and development


expenditure (% of GDP)
3.00

2.50

2.00

Canada

1.50

United States
1.00

0.50

0.00
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Copyright 2012

Patent Applications:
A Proxy for Innovation
Patent Applications Per Capita
0.000900

Patent Applications / Capita

0.000800
0.000700
0.000600
0.000500

Canada
U.S.

0.000400
0.000300
0.000200
0.000100
0.000000
1960

1970

1980

1990
Year

Copyright 2012

2000

2010

What is Causing This?


Answer: Lots of theories and ideas, but no
one is 100% certain. An ongoing public
policy mystery.

Copyright 2012

Don Drummond - Confessions of a Serial


Productivity Researcher
For many years the author believed that Canadas
weak productivity performance reflected
inappropriate public policy. Despite most of the
public policy agenda that was put forward to
improve productivity being implemented,
productivity growth in this country since 2000 has
actually deteriorated. This suggests that the
private sector bears more responsibility for
Canadas productivity malaise than previous
thought. A research agenda with a focus on firm
behaviour from a micro approach is needed
Copyright 2012

6. Media Resources

Resources
Macleans.ca Econowatch:
http://www.macleans.ca/economy/

Globe and Mails Economy Lab:


http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-onbusiness/economy/economy-lab/

Andrew Coyne (National Post):


http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/author/acoynenp/

The Economist Canada:


http://www.economist.com/topics/canada

Copyright 2012

Any Questions?

Wrap Up &
Questions
Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

Have a great
first week!
Remember to signup for your
one-on-one appointment with
Meagan!
Ivey Incoming Exchange September 2015

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