Professional Documents
Culture Documents
John Dewey
Why teach?
- to develop learners into becoming enlightened
and intelligent citizens of a democratic society.
- to live life fully now.
- Education is life, not a preparation for life Dewey
What to teach?
- respond to students needs and that relates to
students personal lives and experiences.
- skills to cope with changes.
- natural and social science
How to teach?
- experiential method
- problem-solving method
- hands-on-minds-on
- thought-provoking games and puzzles
3. Perennialism Robert Hutchins
Why teach?
to develop the students rational and moral
powers
according to Aristotle, if we neglect the students
reasoning skills, we deprive them of the ability to use
their higher faculties to control their passions and
appetites
What to teach?
all human beings possess the same essential
nature
heavy on humanities and general education
less emphasis on vocational and technical
education
great books of ancient and medieval as well as
modern times
How to teach?
centered around teachers
apply whatever creative techniques and methods
which are believed to be most conducive to disciplining
the students minds
students engage in Socratic dialogues
4. Existentialism Jean Pauls Sartre
Why teach?
- help students understand and appreciate
themselves as unique individuals who accept
complete responsibility for their thoughts, feelings
and actions.
- help students define their own essence
- demands the education of the whole person, not
just the mind.
What to teach?
- wide variety of options from which to choose
- humanities are given tremendous emphasis
What to teach?
teach the students to respond favorably to
various stimuli in the environment.
How to teach?
ought to arrange environmental conditions so that
students can make the responses to stimuli.
ought to make the stimuli clear and interesting to
capture and hold the learners attention.
ought to provide appropriate incentives to
reinforce positive responses and weaken or eliminate
negative ones.