November 14, 2013

Physics 130 - A

Dr. Schmidt

Midterm II
Write you name on the cover of the blue book. Put all your answers in the blue book. Start a new page for each
problem. Partial credit will be given for incomplete answers. At the conclusion of the exam fold this exam in half and
place in your blue book and turn in your blue book.
1. (15 points) Answer True or False to the following statements. If false change the statement to make it true.
a) The stopping distance for a truck is the same for a car going the same speed on the same surface. True.
scalar
b) Work is a vector quantity. False.
pulls the object toward
c) The centripetal force on an object in circular motion push the object away from the axis of rotation. False.
lesser
d) An object on an incline with friction will accelerate at a greater rate moving down the incline than it will
decelerate from an initial speed up the incline. False.
e) The static coefficient of friction is always larger than the kinetic coefficient of friction. True.
2. (10 points) An Atwoods Machine is a device for demonstrating Newtons Law. It consists of two weights
suspended by a string that passes over a pulley. One mass is heavier than the other causing the system to
accelerate with the heavier weight dropping. Choose between the following i) the same, ii) greater, or iii) less, to
fill in the blank for each of the following.
a) If part of the smaller mass were transferred to the larger mass the acceleration would be_ii greater_.
b) If an equal mass were removed from both masses the acceleration would be_ii greater_.
3. (15 points) Friction is usually associated with a resistance to motion, slowing down a moving object. How is it that
friction causes a wheel to accelerate? Be specific as to how the friction arises and what object, the wheel or the
road, is the friction acting on.
The wheel is motivated to turn by a motor or pedal arrangement. Without friction the wheel would slide in
place with the wheel at point of contact of the wheel with the road moving away from the direction of intended
motion. The sliding or for the case of no sliding, the tendency to slide is opposed by a frictional force of the
road on the wheel. The force of opposition is directed in the intended direction of motion. This force then
motivates the wheel to move forward.
4. (15 points) A rifle is test fired into a ballistic pendulum. The bullet embeds itself in the block of mass 0.55 kg that
makes up the bob of the pendulum. The pendulum hangs by a massless string of length 0.85 m. When hit with the
bullet the pendulum swings up in an arc of 65 degrees from the vertical before falling back. The recovered bullet
has a mass of 3.5 g. What is the muzzle velocity of the rifle?
h = L(1-cos )
L
(M+m)v2 = (M+m)gh = (M+m)gL(1-cos )
v2 = gL(1-cos )
v = 2 gL(1-cos )
h
mvb = (m+M)v = (m+M)2 gL(1-cos )
vb = [(m+M)/m]2 gL(1-cos ) = [(0.0035 g + 0.55 g)/0.0035 g]2(9.8 m/s2)(0.85 m)(1-cos 65o)
vb = 490.04 m/s 490 m/s
5. (15 points) A victorious 92 kg hockey player moving initially at a speed of 3.2 m/s skates by the trophy table and
snatches up the trophy cup holding it aloft as he takes a victory lap. The players speed after grabbing the cup is
reduced by 0.52 m/s. How heavy is the cup?
Pinitial = mplayerv
Pfinal = (mplayer + mtrophy)v
mplayerv = (mplayer + mtrophy)v = mplayer v+ mtrophyv
mplayerv - mplayer v = mplayer(v v) = mtrophyv
mtrophy = mplayer(v v)/v = 92 kg)(0.52m/s/(3.2 m/s 0.52 m/s) = 17.8 kg 18 kg

6. (15 points) A mass m1 lies on a 30o incline that has a kinetic coefficient of friction of 0.30.
A massless string is attached to the end of the block and passes over a pulley at the top of
the incline. A second mass m2 = 35 kg is tied to the other end of the string and hangs down
over the top edge of the incline. What minimum amount of mass must m1 have to keep the
system moving down the incline at a constant speed?
T = m 2g
T
T + Ff m1g sin = 0
T = m1g sin - Ff
m2
FN m1g cos = 0
FN = m1g cos
Ff = FN = m1g cos
m2g = m1g sin - Ff = m1g sin - m1g cos
m2g = m1g sin - m1g cos = m1g (sin - cos )
m2 = m1 (sin - cos )
m1 = m2 /(sin - cos ) = 35 kg/(sin 30o - cos 30o) = 145 kg 140 kg

m2g

m1
m2

T
m1

Ff
FN

m1g

7. (15 points) A 1200 kg elevator car is at a stop 45 m up from the bottom of the elevator shaft when the cable breaks.
Contrary to what you see in the movies, the elevator will not go into free fall. In 1852 Elisha Otis invented the
emergency elevator breaking system that consists of clamps that automatically engage a rail running up and down
the shaft next to the elevator car. This break slows the descent of the elevator. How much heat energy in Joules is
generated by the friction in gradually bringing the system to a halt just at the bottom of the shaft?
Mgh = W = 1200kg(9.8 m/s2)45 m = 5.29 x 105 J 530,000 J

Equation Sheet
Midterm II
Exam
2

c
o
90
90

c =a +b
sin = a/c
a cos = b/c
tan = a/b

x = x o + vo t + 12 a t
2

vBS= vBW + vWS

x
v = lim

t
t 0
v
a = lim t
t 0

vo2 sin 2 o
g
v
2 -v 1
a =
=v
t
t2 - t 1
R=

v =

v + vo
2

Ffr sF N

F = m v
t
F=v

vx = vxo

vy = vyo - g t

F = -k x

vy = vyo - 2 g ( y - yo)

Wnet = KE

m
t

PEspring= 2 kx

PE grav = mgh

KE =

v2
2
ac = r = r
2
2
ymax = vo sin
2g
W = F d cos
2

F = MGm
R2
vBS= vBW + vWS

1
2

1
2

kyo =
mv

1
2

mv + mgy +

1
2

ky +F f d

E = KE + PE = constant

WNC = PE spring + PE grav+ KE = E

PE = PE - PEo = -W = - F s

Ffr = kF N
2

y = h -( g x
2v o2)

mvo + mgyo +

Fc = m a c = m v
r

1
2

c2 = a 2 + b 2 -2ab cos

a = a2T+ a2c
.

y = yo + vyot - 12 g t 2

x = x o+ vxot

F=ma

x2 - x 1 x
t 2- t1 = t

a = a T+ a c

Fg = W = m g
aT = v
t

v = vo + 2 a(x - xo)
v =

sin = sin = sin

c
b
a

v = vo + a t