Work Experience

Project
Daniell Cell

Made By:
Sharad Raghav
Class XII-A

Daniell Cell with Construction and Working

Daniell cell is the simplest voltaic or galvanic cell. It converts
chemical energy into electrical energy spontaneously.

Construction:
Daniell cell consists of two half-cells. One half-cell is zinc rod
dipped in 1M ZnSO4 solution. The other half-cell is copper rod
dipped in a solution of 1M CuSO4. A porous partition or a salt
bridge separates the two half-cells from each other. The two
electrodes are connected together externally by a metal wire
through a voltmeter are produced here so anode is the negative
electrode. The copper rod acts as cathode where reduction takes
place. Electrons are here so cathode is the positive electrode.

Working:
The half reactions can be viewed as a competition between two
kinds of metal atoms for electrons. In this case zinc atoms are
more reactive and their tendency to lose electrons is greater
than that of copper. Both the reactions take place
simultaneously at both the half-cell s.
In this cell, electrons travel in the external circuit through the
wire from the zinc anode to the copper cathode. If a bulb is in
the circuit, it will light up. If there is a voltmeter, it will show the
voltage. To complete the circuit, both the positive and negative
ions move through the aqueous solutions via the salt bridge.
In this process, Zn electrode dissolves in the solution of ZnSO4
and reduces in size while Cu electrode grows in size due to the
deposition of copper metal. Daniell cell generates an electric

potential of 1.10 volt, when the solutions in the half cells are
both 1M.

AIM:
To study the variation of cell potential in Zn|Zn 2+||Cu2+|Cu cell with change
in concentration of electrolytes (CuSO4 and ZnSO4) at room temperature.
THEORY
Reduction potential of an electrode increases with increase in
concentration of the electrolyte.
Mn+ (aq) + ne- ----------------------> M(s)
In the zinc-copper electrochemical cell zinc electrode acts as anode while
copper electrode acts as cathode.
Ecell =Ecathode - Eanode
Ecell increases if Ecathode increases and Eanode decreases. Thus, using higher
concentration of Cu2+ and lower concentration of Zn2+ ions increase the
Ecell of Zn|Zn2+||Cu2+|Cu .
The relation between concentration of the electrolyte and the standard
electrode potential is given in the form of the Nernst Equation:
E=E0 - 0.059/n log [M]/[Mn+]
APPARATUS AND CHEMICALS
1 beaker, a porous pot, connecting wires, milli voltmeter, sand paper, zinc
strip, copper strip, 1M ZnSO4 solution and 1M CuSO4 solution.
OBSERVATIONS:
Conc. of ZnSO4 solution
1M
1M
1M
1M

Conc. of CuSO4 solution

1M
0.5M
0.025M
0.0125M

EMF of the Cell

1.064V
1.057V
1.040V
1.016V

0.5M
0.025M
o.0125M

1M
1M
1M

1.071V
1.072V
1.073V

CONCLUSION:
EMF of the cell increases with decrease in concentration of the electrolyte
around anode and increase in concentration of the electrolyte around the
cathode.