Section 4 Cell Membrane structure set 6

13.

The diagram below shows the structure of the cell surface membrane.
C a rb o h y d r a te

P r o te in s

G ly c o p ro te in

(a)

The cell surface membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer. Explain why tile
phospholipids in the bilayer are arranged with the fatty acid tails pointing inwards and the
phosphate heads outwards.
.
.
.
.
.
.
(3)

(b)

The diagram has been magnified three million (3 106) times. Calculate the width of
the cell surface membrane in tin (micrometres). Show your working.

Answer m

(c)

(3)

State onefunction of each of the following components of the cell surface membrane.
Carbohydrate ..
Protein
(2)
(Total 8 marks)

13

15.

The diagram below shows the structure of two fatty acids.

O
C
A

O
C
O
H

(a)

Give the name of the molecule to which three fatty acids are bonded to form a
triglyceride lipid.
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(b)

(i)

Name the type of fatty acid labelled B.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii)

Describe oneway in which the physical properties of a triglyceride composed of

fatty acids of type B will differ from a triglyceride of similar molecular size
composed of fatty acids of type A.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(c)

Draw a diagram to show the arrangement of phospholipid molecules in a unit (cell)

membrane.

18
(2)
(Total 5 marks)

47.

(a)

The diagram below shows the structure of a triglyceride.

C h2 O

B ond A

C H O
C H 2O

O
C
O
C
O
C

trig ly c e rid e

(i)

Name Bond A on the diagram.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii)

Name the type of reaction that will break down the triglyceride into its constituent
parts during digestion by lipase enzymes.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(iii)

Name two products formed when triglycerides are completely digested.

1 ........................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................
(2)

(iv)

Some triglycerides have several double bonds (C C), others have none.
Describe one way in which the physical property of triglycerides which include
several double bonds will differ from triglycerides which have no double bonds.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(1)

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(b)

Lipids in membranes have an additional chemical group attached.

(i)

Name the chemical group which is added to the lipids in membranes.

...........................................................................................................................
(1)

(ii)

Explain how adding this extra chemical group allows the formation of a cell
membrane.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 8 marks)

48.

The diagram below illustrates part of a glycogen molecule.

C H 2O H
C

H
C
H O

(a)

H
O H

C H 2O H
O
H

H
O H

O H

C H 2O H
O
H

O H

H
O H

C H 2O H
O
H

O H

H
O H

C H 2O H
O
H

OH

H
O H

C H 2O H
O
H

OH

H
O H

O H

H
C
O H

State the role of glycogen in the human body.

.....................................................................................................................................
(1)

(b)

An enzyme is used to break the bonds holding the monomers (glucose molecules)
together.
(i)

In the space below draw oneof the monomers that would result from this reaction.

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