DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

FACULTY OF SCIENCE
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
SSCE 1793 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
1.

2.

Use the definition of Laplace transform to determine F (s) for the following functions.
a. f (t) = 5e5t .

b. f (t) = 3e

c. f (t) = sinh 4t.

t, 0 < t < 4
e. f (t) =
5,
t > 4.

sin 2t, 0 < t <

g. f (t) =
0,
t > .

d. f (t) = cos kt.

1, 0 < t < 4
f. f (t) =
1,
t > 4.
8 t
<e , 0 < t < 2
h. f (t) = 0, 2 < t < 4
:
5,
t > 4.
b. f (t) = e2t sinh2 t.

c. f (t) = 2t2

d. f (t) = (sin t + cos t)2 .

3t + 4.

2t

i. f (t) = t2
k. f (t) = te

sin 5t.

f. f (t) = sin t cos t.

t sinh t
t

2e

sin 3t.

j. f (t) = t3 e

1)2 + t sinh 2t.

4t

l. f (t) = 2t2 e

cos 2t.

4)H(t

4).

b. f (t) = H(t

c. f (t) = (t

3)H(t

1).

d. f (t) = cos(t

2t

H(t

+ t sin t.
cosh t.

0, and find its Laplace transform.

a. f (t) = (t

2)

H(t

)H(t

3).
).

4).

Express the given function in terms of unit step functions, and find its Laplace transform.
8
t
< 0, 0 < t < 2
e,
0 < t < 2
t, 2 < t < 5
a. f (t) =
b. f (t) =
cos t,
t > 2.
: 2t
e ,
t > 5.

0,
0<t<1
0,
0<t<2
c. f (t) =
d. f (t) =
sin(t 1), t > 1.
t3 + 1, t > 2.
8

0<t<
< sin t,
e t, 0 < t < 2
e. f (t) = sin 2t, < t < 2
f. f (t) =
2t 1,
t > 2.
:
sin 3t,
t > 2.
Determine the following transforms.
a. L et (t
3

c. L t e

6.

h. f (t) = (t

Sketch the graph of the given function for t

e. f (t) = e

5.

a. f (t) = 2 sin t + 3 cos 2t.

g. f (t) = 5e2t + 7e t .

4.

4t

Use the Laplace transform table to find F (s) for the given function.

e. f (t) = e

3.

TUTORIAL 3

3t

2) .
(t

1) .

b. L {cos t (t
d. L {t (t

3)} .

1)} .

Find L {f (t)} for the following periodic functions.

1, 0 < t < 1
t,
0<t<
a. f (t) =
b. f (t) =
1, 1 < t < 2
2 t, < t < 2
f (t) = f(t + 2).
f (t) = f (t + 2).
t, 0 < t < 1
c. f (t) =
d. f (t) = 1 t, 0 < t < 2
1, 1 < t < 2
f (t) = f (t + 2).
f (t) = f (t + 2).

7.

Determine the inverse Laplace transform of the following functions.

a.
c.
e.
g.
i.
k.
m.
o.
q.
s.
u.

8.

1
.
s+2
1
.
2
2s + 1
2
.
(s 2)2 + 9
2s + 1
.
(s 1)2 + 7
s+3
.
2
s + 2s + 5
2s + 3
.
(s + 4)3
2s 4
.
(s 1)2
e 4s
.
s+2
se 3s
.
s2 + 4
1 e 2s
.
s2 + 1

s 5
3s
e
.
s2 + 4s + 5

d.
f.
h.
j.
l.
n.
p.
r.
t.

Determine the inverse Laplace transforms of the following functions.

a.

5e

s
s
se s
.
c. 2
s +4

9.

3s

2 4e 2s
4e 4s
+
.
2
s
s
s2
e s
d.
.
s3

b.

Use the method of partial fractions to find the inverse Laplace transforms for the following
functions.
1
.
s (s2 + 4)
8
c. 3 2
.
s (s
s 2)
2s 3
e. 2
.
s +s 2

s+3
.
2)(s + 1)
2s 13
d.
.
2
s (s
4s + 13)
2s2 s
f.
2.
(s2 + 4)

a.

s2 + 2s 4
.
5s2 + 2s + 8
s2 + 4s + 5
i.
2.
(s + 1) (s + 2)

g.

10.

1
.
s2 + 4
1
.
2
s
1
s
.
(s + 1)2 + 5
1
.
s2 2s + 2
s
.
2
s
2s + (17/4)
1
.
(s 3)2
4
1
.
s2 + 9 (s 6)2
3se 2s
.
s2 + 14
e 4s
.
s 3

s+2
2s
e
.
s2 4s + 8

b.

s3

b.

h.
j.

(s
(s2

(s

s2 + 1
.
1) (s2 + 2)
s2 + s
.
4s + 8) (s 2)

Determine the inverse Laplace transforms of the following functions.

a.

e 5s
.
s (s2 + 9)

b.

c.

(5s 3)e s
.
s2 7s + 10

d.

2e

2s

(s

(s
2e
s (s3

4)

5)

4s

8)

11.

Use the convolution theorem to find the inverse Laplace transform of the given function.
a.
c.
e.
g.
i.
k.
m.

12.

1
.
s(s + 2)
4
.
2
s (s + 1)
1
.
(s + 1) (s 2)
1
.
(s 1)2
2
.
(s 1) (s2 + 4)
s
.
(s 3) (s2 + 1)
4
2.
2
(s + 4)

b.
d.
f.
h.
j.
l.
n.

9
.
s3 (s 2)
s
.
(s + 4)2
1
.
s (s2 + 4)
1
2.
2
(s + 1)
s
2.
2
(s + 1)
s2
2.
(s2 + 4)
e 3s
.
s(s2 + 9)

Use the method of Laplace transforms to solve the following problems.

a.
c.
e.
g.
h.
i.
j.

dy
5y = 0; y(0) = 2.
dt
dy
+ y = sin t; y(0) = 1.
dt
dy
+ 2y = et ; y(0) = 1.
dt
d2 y
dy
3
+ 4y = 0;
dt2
dt
d2 y dy
+
+ y = 0;
dt2
dt
2
d y dy
2y = 4t2 ;
dt2
dt
d2 y
dy
+2
3y = sin 2t;
2
dt
dt

d2 y
dy
3
+ 2y = e t
dt2
dt
d2 y
l.
+ y = 0;
dt2
2
d y
dy
m.
+4
+ 4y = 6 + e
2
dt
dt

dy
5y = e5t ; y(0) = 0.
dt
dy
d.
5y = 0; y() = 2.
dt
dy
f.
+ 2y = 0; y(1) = 1.
dt
b.

y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 5.
y(0) = 4, y 0 (0) =
y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 4.
y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 0.
y(1) = 1, y 0 (1) = 0.

k.

y() = 0, y 0 () =
2t

; y(0) = 0, y(1) = 0.

d2 y
dy
2
+ 2y = et sin t; y(0) = 0, y(/2) = 0.
dt2
dt
d2 y
o.
+ y = (t );
y(0) = 0, y(3/2) = 1.
dt2

n.

13.

Solve the following initial value problems.

d2 y
dy
t,
0<t<2
a.
+
3
+
2y
=
4 t,
t>2
dt2
dt
y(0) = y 0 (0) = 0.
8
< 4, 0 < t < 2
2
d y dy
0, 2 < t < 4
b.
+
12y
=
:
dt2
dt
4,
t>4
y(0) = y 0 (0) = 0.

1.

3.

c.

d.

d2 y
dy
+5
+ 6y =
dt2
dt
y(0) = y 0 (0) = 0.

14.

2,
0,

d2 y
dy
t,
4
+
4y
=
t + 2,
dt2
dt
y(0) = 2, y 0 (0) = 1.

d2 y
dt2
d2 y
f.
dt2
d2 y
g.
dt2
d2 y
h.
dt2
e.

+ y = (t
+ 4y = 8 (t
+4

0<t<3
t>3
y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 0.

2);

y(0) = 3, y 0 (0) = 0.

2);

dy
+ 4y = 1 + (t
dt

+ 9y = (t

0<t<3
t>3

2);

3) + cos 3t;

y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 0.
y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 0.

1
A B
Cs + D
= + 2+ 2
. Determine A, B, C and
s2 (s2 + 9)
s
s
s +9
D. Hence, find the inverse Laplace transform of F (s).

a. Given F (s) =

d2 y
+ 9y = g(t); y(0) = 1, y 0 (0) = 0
dt2

4t, 0 < t < 1

where g(t) =
4,
t > 1.

b. Solve

15.

a. Find the inverse Laplace transform of

F (s) =

1
s(s + 6)(s

5)

b. Then, solve the following IVP

16.

d2 y
+
dt2
8
< 2,
0,
where g(t) =
:
2,

dy
dt

30y = g(t); y(0) = 0, y 0 (0) = 0

0<t<4
4<t<8
t > 8.

a. Use the convolution theorem to find the inverse Laplace transform of

F (s) =

2
.
s2 (s 1)

b. Use the method of Laplace transforms to solve the IVP

d2 y
+ 4y = (t
dt2

2); y(0) = 2, y 0 (0) =

2.

SOLUTIONS TO TUTORIAL 3
1. a.

.
5
4
c. 2
.
s
16
1
e 4s
e 4s
e. 2 +
.
s
s
s2
2(1 e s )
g.
.
s2 + 4

2. a.
c.
e.
g.
i.
j.
l.
3. a.

b.
d.
f.
h.

3
.
s+4
s
.
2
s + k2
2e 4s
1
.
s
s
1
e 2(s 1)
5e 4s
+
.
s 1
s 1
s

1
1
2
1
+
.
4 s 4 s 2 s
1
2
+
.
s s2 + 4
1
.
s2 + 4
2
2
1
4s
+ +
2.
3
2
2
s
s
s (s
4)

2
3s
+ 2
.
b.
+1 s +4
4
3
4
+ .
d.
s3
s2
s
5
.
f.
(s + 2)2 + 25
5
7
+
.
h.
s 2 s+1
2
2s
6
+
.
2
s3
(s + 1)2 + 9
(s2 1)
6
2s
(s + 1)2 4
+
.
k.
2
2.
(s + 4)4
(s2 + 1)
[(s + 1)2 + 4]
2
2
+
.
3
s
(s + 2)3
s2

c. e

4s

.
s2

b.
1
s2

2
s

d.

3s

e s s
.
s2 + 1

e 4s
.
s+2
i
1 h
se 2s
4. a.
1 + e2(1 s) + 2
.
s 1
(s + 1)

10
1
2
e
1
5s
b. e 2s
+
+
e
s2
s
s 2 s2
e.

2s

5
s

6
12 12 9
c. 2
.
d. e
+ 3 + 2 +
.
s +1
s4
s
s
s

1
2
1
3
2
s
2s
e. 2
+e
+
+e
.
s +1
s2 + 4 s2 + 1
s2 + 9 s2 + 4

1 e 2(1+s)
2
3
f.
+ e 2s
+
.
s+1
s2
s
e

5. a. e2(1
c. e

s)

2s

(3+s)

b.

d. e
2

(e s 1)
.
s (1 e 2s )
1 e s se 2s
.
c.
s2 (1 e 2s )

6. a.

3s

e
s

.
2

(e s 1)
.
s2 (1 e 2s )
(s + 1)e 2s + s 1
d.
.
s2 (1 e 2s )
b.

7. a. e

2t

b.

1
1
c. p sin p t.
2
2
2 2t
e. e sin 3t.
3
p
p
3
g. 2et cos 7t + p et sin 7t.
7
t

o. e

H(t

t. e2(t

2)

[cos(t

3)

1 1
cos 2t.
4 4
8
1
c. e t + e2t 3 + 2t
3
3
7 2t 1 t
e. e
e.
3
3
2 2t 1 t
g. 2e4t
e
e .
3
3

10. a.

sin

5t.

p
13
2et
13
j. e cos
t + p sin
t.
2
2
13

2)} + 2 sin {2(t

7 sin(t

9. a.

4)

H(t

4).

2)}] H(t

2).

2).

2)] sin t.

8
< 0, 0 < t < 1
1, 1 < t < 3
8. a. f (t) =
:
4,
t > 3.

0, 0 < t <
c. f (t) =
cos 2t, t > .

i. 2e

1
p e
5

5t

h. et sin t.
p

r. e3(t

3).

[cos {2(t

2(t 3)

u. e

4
sin 3t te6t .
3
hp
i
p. 3 cos 14(t 2) H(t

4).

3)] H(t

s. [1

cos

n.

H(t

q. cos [2(t

f. e

l. te3t .

2tet .

2(t 4)

d. sinh t.

i. e (cos 2t + sin 2t).

5 2
4t
k. e
2t
t .
2
m. 2et

1
sin 2t.
2

2t

te

2t

3)] H(t

3).

b. f (t) =

8
<

d. f (t) =

b.
2t2 .

5 2t
e
3

2,
10

4t,
6,
0,

1
2 (t

2)2 ,

0<t<2
2<t<4
t > 4.
0<t<1
t > 1.

2 t
e .
3

d. e2t cos 3t

1.

1
1
sin 2t
t sin 2t + t cos 2t.
2
4
p
p
2
1
1
h. et + cos 2t + p sin 2t.
3
3
3 2
1 2t
j. e (3 cos 2t + 5 sin 2t).
2
f.

1
[1
9

cos{3(t 5)}] H(t 5).

1
b. 2e5(t 2) (2 t) + (t 2)2 H(t 2).
2

22 5(t 1) 7 2(t 1)
c.
e
e
H(t 1).
3
3

p
1 2(t 4) 1 1 (t 4)
d.
e
+ e
cos 3(t 4) H(t
12
4 6

4).

11. a.

1
1
2

c. 4 t
e.

2t

1+e

1 2t
e
3

b.
.

d.

f.

g. tet .

h.

1
2et sin 2t 2 cos 2t .
5
1
k.
3e3t 3 cos t + sin t .
10
1
m. (sin 2t 2t cos 2t) .
4
i.

j.
l.
n.

9 1 2t
1
e
t2 t
.
4 2
2
1
t sin 2t.
4
1
(1 cos 2t).
4
1
(sin t t cos t).
2
1
t sin t.
2
1
(sin 2t + 2t cos 2t).
4
1
(1 cos 3(t 3))H(t 3).
9

12. a. 2e5t .
1
3e
2
1
e.
2e
3
c.

g. e3t/2
h. e

t/2

b. te5t .
t

d. 2e5(t

cos t + sin t .

2t

+ et .
p
p !
p
7
7
cos
t + 7 sin
t .
2
2
p
p !
3
2
3
4 cos
t + p sin
t .
2
2
3

i. 2 e2t + e

2t

t2 + t

f. e

2(t 1)

3.

1 t
1 3t
4
78
e
e
cos 2t
sin 2t.
10
26
65
65
1
1
1 t 2
k. e t + e2t 3
e .
6
3
2
1
1
m. (2t2 3t + 1)e 2t + (t 1).
4
4
o. sin t H(t ).
j.

13. a. y(t) = e

1
e
4

2t

(t

b. y(t) = 4

c. y(t) =

l. sin t.
n.

1 t
te cos t.
2

3 1
3
+ t + H(t 2)
4 2
2
2)H(t 2) 2e (t 2) H(t
1
+ e
2

2(t 2)

H(t

2)

2).

1
1
1
+ e 4t + e3t
12 28
21

1
1
1
4
+ e 4(t 2) + e3(t 2) H(t 2)
12 28
21

1
1 4(t 4)
1
4
+ e
+ e3(t 4) H(t 4).
2 28
21

1 2 3t
1 2 3(t 3)
2t
e
+e
+
+ e
e 2(t 3) H(t 3).
3 3
3 3

d. y(t) =

1
1+t
4
+

e. y(t) = sin(t

9e2t + 21te2t

1
2

1 2(t
e
2

2)H(t

3)

2)

f. y(t) = 3 cos 2t + 4 sin 2(t

+ (t

3)e2(t

3)

H(t

3).

H(t

2).

cos t.

2)H(t

2).

1
1
1 e 2t
te 2t + (t 2)e
4
2
1
1
h. y(t) =
sin 3t H(t 3) + t sin t.
3
3
g. y(t) =

2(t 2)

1
1
1
1
, C = 0, D =
. f (t) = t
sin 3t.
9
9
9
27
4
4
b. y(t) = t + cos 3t
sin 3t
9
27

4
4
(t 1)
sin 3(t 1) H(t 1).
9
27

14. a. A = 0, B =

1 5t
1
1
e + e 6t
.
55
66
30
1
1
2
b. y(t) =
+ e 6t + e5t
15 33
55

1
1 6(t 4)
+
e
15 33

1
1
+
e
15 33

15. a. f (t) =

16. a. f (t) = 2 et
b. y(t) = 2 cos 2t

2 5(t
e
55
6(t 8)

4)

H(t

2 5(t
e
55

1 .
sin 2t +

1
sin 2(t
2

2) H(t

2).

8)

4)
H(t

8).