End of unit test

Energy and electricity

Unit I

Tier 58

1 This diagram shows a coal-fired power station.

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F

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a Using the diagram, describe what happens at stages A to D to produce

electricity from coal. The descriptions for E to G are given below.
(4 marks)
E In the cooling towers steam condenses to water.
F The hot waste gases rise out of the flue.
G The pylons carry the electricity supply to the users.
b What problems might be caused by the flue gases?
(1 mark)

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2 This diagram shows Dinorwig pumped storage power station.

mountain

reservoir

pipes

pumpin
g

generati
ng

power
station

reservoir

Write the correct words for each space to complete the

descriptions.
energy. (1 mark)
a During the process a lot of energy is wasted as
b Inside the generator (or dynamo) a
moves to generate
electricity.
(1 mark)
Continued
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C Tear, 2002, The Heinemann Science Scheme

Energy and electricity continued

End of unit test

Unit I

Tier 58

c When the demand for electricity is low, the spare electricity is used to
pump water back up to the reservoir.
The electricity needed to pump all the water back up the pipes is more
than the amount of electricity generated at first when the water flowed
down the pipes.
Which statement correctly explains why this is? Write the letter.
(1 mark)
A Because some of the gravitational potential energy is used up when
it is converted to electrical energy so the total amount of energy at
the end is less than before.
B Because the amount of energy changes as it transforms to different
types of energy.
C Because not all the gravitational potential energy is transformed to
electrical energy and back to gravitational potential energy, although
the total amount of energy is unchanged.
D Because the amount of energy present cannot be measured the
total amount is always changing.
d The pylons which carry the high voltage supply from the generators
show this sign:

Describe a danger of the high voltage power lines.

3 a Which of these statements describes what happens inside a cell to

produce an electric voltage?
A a change of state
B a temperature change
C a chemical change
D a physical change

(1 mark)
(1 mark)

Continued
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C Tear, 2002, The Heinemann Science Scheme

End of unit test

Energy and electricity continued

Unit I

Tier 58

b This table shows the voltage measured across different components

in the same series circuit.
Component
bulb
buzzer
coloured bulb
heater

Voltage measured (V)

1.3
2.1
0.9
1.8

In one minute, which component transforms the most energy?

(1 mark)

4 These bar charts show the electricity used by two different families A
and B in one week.

Units of electricity used in a week

family B

Units of electricity used in a week

family A

heaters cooker lights

iron

kettle

TV

heaters cooker lights

iron

kettle

TV

a Which family uses more electricity in a week?

(1 mark)
b Family A want to cut down their consumption of electricity.
Give one way in which this family could be wasting energy. Use the
bar chart to explain your answer.
(2 marks)
c Leanne uses a hairdryer rated at 500 W for half an hour a week.
Electricity use is measured in kilowatt hours.
Calculate how many kilowatt hours Leanne uses for her hairdryer in
a week.
(1 mark)

Continued
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C Tear, 2002, The Heinemann Science Scheme

End of unit test

Energy and electricity continued

Unit I

Tier 58

d Explain how the energy needed to keep a house warm can be reduced. (1 mark)

UR
O
Y
R
LOWE EHOLD
HOUS G BILLS
IN
HEAT

5 This diagram shows a model used to explain electricity.

ding
Win
l
i
b
Ger tation
S

gerbil
track
second hill, higher
first hill

a
b
c
d

What represents the current in the circuit?

What represents the cell?
Which component in this circuit transforms the most energy?
To increase the voltage of the cell, what change would you make to
the model?

604
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C Tear, 2002, The Heinemann Science Scheme

(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)

Mark scheme

Energy and electricity

Question
1

Part
a
b

a
b
c
d

b
4

a
b
c
d
a
b

Unit I

Tier 36

Answer
Heat
Heat
Light
Gravitational potential
Kinetic
Electrical
Heat or heat and sound
High voltages are dangerous or cause electric shock or
cause a high current to flow through you or can kill
A In the furnace (allow fire) coal is burned
B In the boilers water is boiled or heated
C The steam turns the turbine
D The generators turn and make electricity
Acid rain or pollution or global warming or other

Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Level
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
4

1
1
1
1
1

5
5
5
5
6

Any one from:

1
1
1
1
1
1

5
4
6
5
6
6

(Accept any sensible answer)

Because the heaters or lights bar is higher for family A

sensible suggestion
C or electrical energy

B
C or a chemical change
Buzzer
Family A
Heaters left on
House not insulated
Doors left open
Lights left on

than for family B

Scores in the range of:

35
69
1013
1420

Level
3
4
5
6

605
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C Tear, 2002, The Heinemann Science Scheme

Mark scheme

Energy and electricity

Question
1

Part
a

b
2

3
4

a
b
c
d

a
b
a
b

c
d
a
b
c
d

Answer
A In the furnace (allow fire) coal is burned
B In the boilers water is boiled or heated
C The steam turns the turbine
D The generators turn and make electricity
Acid rain or pollution or global warming or other

Tier 58
Mark
1
1
1
1
1

Level
5
5
5
5
6

1
1
1
1

5
7
7
6

Any one from:

1
1
1
1

6
5
6
6

(Accept any sensible answer)

Because the heaters or lights bar is higher for family A

1
1
1
1
1
1

8
7
6
7
8
7

sensible suggestion
Heat or heat and sound
Magnet or magnetic field

C
Any one from:

Large currents can cause fire

Cause electric shock

(Accept suitable alternatives)

C or a chemical change

Buzzer
Family A
Heaters left on
House not insulated
Doors left open
Lights left on

than for family B

0.25 kWh

Accept any sensible suggestion relating to insulation

Gerbils moving
Wind-up station
Highest hill
Wind up gerbils more or give gerbils more energy

Scores in the range of:

58
912
1315
1620

Level
5
6
7
8

606
C

Unit I

C Tear, 2002, The Heinemann Science Scheme