FAKULTI PENDIDIKAN DAN BAHASA

OUMH2103
ENGLISH FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNICAL PURPOSES
SEPTEMBER 2015 SEMESTER

NAMA : ABDUL LATIFF BIN MOHD NOOR

NO.MARTIK : 810530075275001
NRIC

:810530-07-5275

NO.HP

: 017-2327682

E-MAIL

:mesrimari81@yahoo.com

NAMA TUTOR :HJH ZAORAH BT. HJ IBRAHIM

PUSAT PEMBELAJARAN : OUM, MELAKA,
SEMESTER : SEPTEMBER 2015

CONTENTS
1. Parts A

3-9

2. Parts B

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3. References

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PART A
2

Nowadays watching too much TV became a very widespread problem. We can see TV in
every home, even the parents begin to teach their children to watch TV in early childhood,
because they think that is a good way to develop a child. Sometimes people forget that the TV
does not always carries only positive aspects. Indeed, a negative relationship exists between the
amount of time spent watching TV and children and adolescents health status, including
overweight, school and verbal performance, perceived cognitive and attention abilities, and
violence or bullying (Patriarca, 2009). Negative effects of the TV became quite obvious fact. As
a consequence, TV affects human physical, mental and social health in a very destructive ways.
One reason why people should not watch too much TV is reduction of mental capacity. Because
when people watch an excessive amount of television they do not look for new solutions of any
problems. TV changes the way of thinking. This is especially noticeable in the younger
generation. Usually the film ends happily, even if the characters in the film were pursued by
criminal group or Interpol. Because of this, people stop to look for the solution of problems and
expect that everything will be resolved by itself well. In their brains creativity and the desire to
create completely replaced by continuous consumption of the information which was produced
by TV. That is why after watching too much TV people get typical forgetfulness and decreased
ability to think abstractly. Also excessive TV watching changes the outlook on life. Most of those
who met in real life with the representatives of various professions, say that, in reality, these
people are quite different. They are very different from television characters, because TV does
not show the reality, but try to show perfect life. As an another reason, excessive TV watching
leads to emotional frustration in families and problems with relatives. It happens, because people
get used to observe the dramatic developments of heroes screen, to share all their experiences,
tragedies, challenges and so on. Rather than spend time with family and friends, people are
worried about fictional characters. People are so accustomed to these characters that other people
may seem less intimate than the vending hero of the next series. Maybe if people will spend
more time with their relatives and families instead of watching TV, the statistics of broken
marriages will be many times better. Also watching too much TV is harmful because the human
brain is filled with redundant information. A huge stream of advertising, TV shows, TV series
and news releases emotional cripple person. Usually people can see dozens or hundreds of
commercials for the evening, which will be later mixed in unthought mess in their heads. If
people beat the heads with useless information they totally do not leave space for a really
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worthwhile information. Thus it can be said that in the modern time watching TV is an attribute
of a limited world view and lazy lifestyle, which leads to many psychological and physiological
problems.
TV was also invented with positive thoughts in mind there would be no national borders,
education and communication would be worldwide. However, we are now trying to overcome its
physiological and psychological adverse effects on human beings. One of the physiological
effects of watching TV in excessive amounts is eye-strain. It is true that there are specifications
for watching TV should be 5 m away from the eye, the room should be adequately lit, TV should
be placed at the same height with our eyes. However, these do not prevent our eyes from getting
tired if we keep watching TV for a long time. Another effect is obesity Television makes children
fat. Harvard University researchers discovered that the odds of a child becoming obese rise 12 to
20% for each daily hour of television he watches. Epidemiologists also agree that watching two
or more hours of television daily is a global marker for high risk of pediatric
hypercholesterolemia. Physicians have identified four ways that television puts children at risk
for obesity. Television displaces more active play. Especially today, leisure time is limited. Every
daytime hour spent in front of a television set is therefore one less hour the child has to ride a
bike, play ball, join in team sports, or engage in other activities that would burn calories or raise
the childs average metabolic rate. Investigators also report that television makes children less
active when they do play, although no one is yet confident exactly why this happens. Equally
surprising, the effect of the TV session on metabolic rate persisted after the session for at least
the length of time the child had watched television. That is, a 25-minute TV session depressed
metabolic rate not only during television viewing but also for at least 25 minutes after viewing
had ended. The Tennessee study has two astounding implications: First, since TV slows
metabolism, the same child, eating the same types and quantities of food and participating in the
same amount of activity, could remain healthy or become obese depending on how long he is
exposed to television each day. Second, since metabolism remains depressed even after the TV
session ends, a child who watches television gains more weight from food eaten even when he is
not watching television, and will have more difficulty burning off excess fat, than children who
do not watch TV. The researchers conclude. Those children who watch an excessive amount of
television are more at risk for becoming obese because their resting energy expenditures are
lower than if they were doing nothing at all. This finding emphasizes the potential importance of
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controlling the amount of television watched by children at risk for obesity, closely linked to
having a continuous sedentary lifestyle and lack of sleep is an invitation to type II diabetes. A
famous study has stated that the chances of getting type II diabetes increases by 20% with the
increase in daily duration of watching TV beyond two hours. This is largely due to the fact
continuous sitting for a long period of time results in long term changes in blood sugars and
blood fats which is the catalyst for type or the dangerous levels of diabetes.. Pressure on heart
risk of cardio vascular disease increased by 15 percent by watching too much television. This is
basically interconnected to lack of sleep, continuous sedentary lifestyle and too much eating of
junk food during watching TV, which is an established trend in developed countries and fast
evolving one in developing countries. Essentially, the lack of exercise and physical work and
continuous mental concentration on the TV screen without proper blood movement throughout
the body due to sitting or lying at one place is the culprit.The risk of premature mortality by the
same study which highlighted 15% risk of cardiovascular disease above states that the chances of
your lifespan being cut short increase by about 13 percent by continuously watching TV for over
two hours everyday. The causes of this premature death included a wide variety many of which
have been linked to watching television. Thus, TV is indirectly a catalyst to damage different
functions and parts of the body in the long term, which can then result in premature death as
compared to people who watch TV less than 2 to 2.5 hours on an average per day.For children, it
is taxing on their ability to concentrate on important things like studies or reading quality. Why?
Well apart from the obvious effects on eyes and hearing abilities, at a young age, mostly less than
10, after watching cartoons and kids shows one after the other for over 2 hours everyday, the
children's brains capacity to retain any more information and images becomes severely
minimized. And then there is the greater long term effect on the brain. Recent studies have
proved that for children who spent the most hours in front of the box had greater amounts of grey
matter in the regions around the front polar cortex, the area at front of the frontal lobe. While
increase in grey matter is like body weight which needs to be managed especially during
childhood, excessive TV will not result in proper thinning of the cortex related grey matter which
is important for proper learning and verbal abilities and lastly the effects of physiology those
extra few hours for television viewing are taxed from our sleep time. It's a common phenomenon
that many of us watch an extra late night movie or are hooked onto a football match late at night
causing us to compromise our sleeping hours. And we end up catching lesser hours of sleep and
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then do not get re-energized properly. If this pattern continues for a while, it becomes harbinger
of depression, which has been closely linked with lack of sleep for years now.
Weve known for a very long time that the emotional content of films and television
programs can affect your psychological health. It can do this by directly affecting your mood,
and your mood can then affect many aspects of your thinking and behavior. If the TV program
generates negative mood experiences e.g. anxiety, sadness, anger, disgust then these experiences
will affect how you interpret events in your own life, what types of memories you recall, and
how much you will worry about events in your own life. For instance, people have less
communication today. Instead of meeting a friend at the weekend, people prefer to sit in front of
the TV. Even people living in the same house dont talk to each other. Socializing with friends is
important to children for their emotional and physical development. A psychologist and
education, Dr. Jane M. Healy said efficiency increases a child's mind when they are allowed to
interact with others and let them think actively. So let the children stood in front of the TV only
will inhibit their next interaction activities hinder the efficiency of their minds. In fact, the
findings of the Stanford University School of Medicine shows that obesity among cases they are
very closely related to the habit of watching TV. As a result, people have no social life. In a
society they have problems to communicate and need to be socialized important Psychological
effect is being exposed to violence. After seeing so many violent scenes on TV, people start
considering violent actions normal and they lose their sensitivity to their environment. Due to
these violent scenes people tend to aggression. TV programs with violent content especially
influence the behavior of children. So, the next generation is going to be aggressive and violent.
Mental and moral Experts from the University of Illinois found that children who are exposed to
violent scenes in television at the age of 8 years, has a tendency to become abusers of children or
spouses are involved in crime and violence at the age of 30 years. This is based on the findings
of their research for 20 years. So it is not surprising if there are cases of abuse of children and
wives because they (the children) have been educated so since childhood. Not to be forgotten in
1983, The Star newspaper reported that four children were killed when emulate Superman on TV
by jumping from a high place to fly like Superman! Study conducted by students University
Science Malaysia found an average child sees 4 murders, 24 weapons, 14 shot guns and 38
punches in the TV. And on average they may see 3000 assassination, in 2000 firearm and listen
to thousands of shots on TV in the last one year in Malaysia! In addition, the findings of
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researchers from Yale University and over 200 pre-school children found the behavior of
children fighting and kicking more often happens to children who like to watch a cartoon series.
This is because the cartoon series are not left in the display violent scenes. TV hinders brain
development of children. The study conducted by the University of Chicago showed the first 3
years is the most critical stage for the brain because the brain is experiencing rapid growth. So,
the best stimulus for children to obtain optimum development is through exposure to the
environment and the reality of their lives. Good methods that can be used are through talk and
communicate with the baby since birth. Reading materials and good quality are effective
measures to build the character and intellect of children. A neurologist at Children's Hospital in
Boston, Dr. Jane Holmes Bernstein found the TV weakens the power of concentration. He found
that children who regularly watch TV often have difficulty hearing and give attention to the
lesson. This happens because the images shown on TV are not constant. There is the image
displayed for 3 seconds, followed by 7 seconds and so on. In fact, the study found that most
children suffer from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder because their nervous system is
affected. So how do we want to give birth to children who are smart and intelligent if their
nervous system is damaged and impaired childhood?
According to a United States government report, these anecdotes are not atypical
Extended and frequent television viewing has been shown to decrease the time and opportunity
available for social interaction within the family. It is undeniable that some television channels,
many revealed to the public, especially the youths to the culture that is incompatible with a
society that adopts a pure oriental culture and religion of good practice. For example, the films of
many Western countries contain elements of violence, sex, romance too, superstition and more
the other negative elements. Now, not only films from the West that contain negative elements,
even films from Eastern countries were also influenced by the culture of the West. For example,
films from China, Taiwan, Thailand, the Philippines, Indonesia and our homeland, Malaysia.
This actually, quite contrary to the culture that has been practiced before. This is because, the day
the additional TV channels and 24-hour network broadcast such programs can contaminate the
thinking of the young adult. Lately, good neighborliness and practice of visiting the more remote
way our society. Previously working proverbs such as "the same light, bear the same weight" has
become a way of life in our community, but now they are saying is not held by our society. In
this age of sophisticated technology to the development of a system that is so fast around a bit by
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having a big impact on network television. Thus was born the man who no longer think of good
neighborliness. Today's society, especially young people spend much of their time in front of the
television, ignoring the things that are happening in their environment. Furthermore, the issue of
private and government really wise to arrange plans that draw on television that no free time
between one plan to another plan. So much time spent in front of television alone, so those who
like to watch television reasoned that there was no time to spare of visiting fellow neighbors. For
them, the practice of visiting a work considered to be a waste of time and vain. They lived like
"sugar in the bush, each release point" and "each boat, each paddle". In addition there is also the
influence of religious values . The most striking example is that there is a muslim favorite
television show that aired during prayer times . If time is wasted so easily demolished the pillar
of religion . In addition to an inappropriate time , these plans are also many forms of destructive
behavior exhibited like the dress, or characters that are not obscene . Among the root cause of
many social problems facing the youth of our country today is the negative influence of
television shows that can be categorized as unhealthy. Television has always been a medium for
guidance and education of our children are beginning to dominate the minds and thoughts of
their far values conflict with the values and customs that later we orient their behavior affects
everything in life. Mixing with unlimited and free sex and violent behavior such as gengsterime
featured in our television dramas and movies through local and Western dishes can be likened to
having a mentor to our young people. Drama-oriented soap drama of superstition across and
violent films of the West is perceived quite easily affect the minds of the audience and that's what
is becoming a trend and the trend of young men and women join today. They emulate the
behavior and the behavior that is flatly be given prominence and often it is used as a guide in
their lives. Actions initiated on the basis of wanting to try something new and eventually became
addicted culture difficult to abandon. This phenomenon is actually in line with the views of
scholars agree that communication media such as television have a strong influence on the
audience and it is evidenced by a number of well-known theory of communication. But if we
examine in depth the social problems we face today with the influence of television on our young
people, apparently assuming that communication theory is true. This proves that watching
television on today may do more harm than good if it is not properly controlled and monitored.
In fact , I find television very important as a medium of information and entertainment to
the public . Advantages and disadvantages of watching a television broadcast is determined by
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ourselves as spectators . In this case, we must have a positive stance , in addition to control
themselves by rational principles so that we obtain more benefits . Emotional control is very
important that we not be swayed by negative symptoms was carrying. Strictly speaking , when
watching , let sparingly lest too much time . So parents need to control and to give serious
consideration to the type of program watched by their children at home so they are not exposed
to drafts which could undermine the morality of each. There is no denying the importance of
television in our lives as a source of information but it depends on what the program
performance of our entire family. In this regard, we hope that the ministry and also the Film
Censorship Board (LPF) can play a more effective role to curb the spread of film and drama this
unhealthy in our country. Apart from moral decadence, watch TV too much addicted adverse
effect on the health of the various diseases such as obesity and diabetes will begin to threaten our
lives because we are too passive and not active for a long time in front of television

PART B
The two presented maps depict transformation of an island after being constructed and
accomplished by various tourist infrastructures. In general, the island is more crowded and
fascinating after being reconstructed with several prominent changes.As is observed from the
given illustration, many new facilities have been constructed for the tourists including
accommodations, restaurant, swimming facilities etc. and those have been constructed without
affecting the natural resources that much.Before the facilities were constructed, there were only
trees and beach on the island and most of the places were empty It is clear that the island become
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much more modern place after construction of tourist facilities.Looking at the second map, the
infrastructure of the island improved significantly, while the original nature was preserved. First
of all, two accommodation areas are built - one is in the west, near the beach and the other one is
in the centre of the island. These huts are connected within each group with footpath. In the
middle of the residence areas reception is built and on the north of it new restaurant is
constructed, where the tourists can eat. The vehicle track connects these two buildings, surrounds
the reception, goes down to the south part of the island and ends on pier, where guests go for
sailing. When it comes to beach, which is located in the western edge of the area, it has been
adapted for the swimming sports and is linked with nearest accommodation group with footpath.
In summary, the construction was mainly made to facilitate the tourists' stay, visit and
amusement and for that no plants or trees were cut. Furthermore, roads have been made for
walking as well as vehicles and the whole contractions seem like has been made with a good
planning.Comparing the two maps; there are significant changes after this development. Overall,
although not populatedin the past, the island faced a significant development with the tourism
industry. In the same time, it kept the pam trees population, which were spread through the
whole island. Not only lots of facilities are built on the island, but also the sea is used for
activities. The new island has become a good place for tourism.

References
http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2010&dt=0420&pub=Utusan_Malaysia
Kebaikan Dan Keburukan Menonton Televisyenid.scribd.com
http://briankim.net/articles/harmful-effects-watching-much-television/
http://ww1.utusan.com.my/utusan/info.asp?y=2004&dt=0530&sec=Kesihatan&pg=kn_01.htm
https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/why-we-worry/201206/the-psychological-effects-tvnewshttps://scholar.google.com.my/scholar?

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q=physiologic+effects+watching+television&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1
&oi=scholart&sa=X&ved=0CBkQgQMwAGoVChMI-pby6sOIyQIVh5eUCh0YkA8Y

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