RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

1) The structures posterior to the dome of the pleura are

A. The neck of the first rib
B. Sympathetic trunk
C. Subclavian artery
D. First thoracic nerve
E. Subclavian vein
2) The structures lying anterior to the trachea in the neck
A. Investing deep cervical fascia
B. Pretracheal fascia
C. Omohyoid muscle
D. Suprasternal space
E. External jugular vein
3) The structures in the hilum of the right lung are
A. the right upper lobe bronchus
B. the right middle lobe bronchus
C. the right main bronchus
D. hilar lymph nodes
E. right pulmonary artery
4) Regarding the pharynx
A. It extends down to the level of the cricoid cartilage.
B. The constrictor muscles form a complete wall.
C. It is separated from the prevertebral fascia by the retropharyngeal space
D. The nasopharynx communicates with the auditory tube.
E. It has no lymphoid tissue in its walls
5)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Regarding the nasal cavity

Nasal intubation is more easily performed via the inferior meatus
Olfactory epithelium extends below the superior concha
A rich capillary plexus lies on the lower anterior part of the septum
Middle meatus communicates with the orbital cavity
Blood supply to the nasal cavity is by the branches of the external and
internal carotid arteries

6)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Regarding the nasopharynx

Pharyngeal tonsils are more prominent in adults than in children
Pharyngotympanic tube opens into the lateral wall
The body of the sphenoid bone forms the roof
It communicates with the nasal cavity by choanae
Is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve

7)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The laryngeal inlet is bounded by the

Free margin of the epiglottis
Upper margin of the vestibular fold
Aryepiglottic fold
Thyrohyoid ligament
Vocal ligament

8)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Regarding the larynx

Phonation involves narrowing of the rima glottis
Epiglottis prevents food entering into the larynx during deglutition
Free lower border of the quadrangular membrane forms the vocal ligament
Cricothyroid muscle lengthens the vocal folds
Sensory innervation above the vocal chords is by the superior laryngeal
nerve

9)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

The trachea
Commences at the level of the 6th cervical vertebra
Has incomplete rings of cartilage
Divides to form two main branches at the level of the 8 th thoracic vertebra
Is palpable in the neck
Is anterior to the esophagus

10)
Regarding the right main bronchus
A. It is wider than the left main bronchus
B. Before entering to the hilum gives off superior lobar branch
C. It passes below the arch of the aorta
D. It is more vertical than the left
E. On entering divides into superior and inferior lobar bronchi
11)
Regarding the nerve supply of the pleura
A. Costal pleura by the phrenic nerve
B. Diaphragmatic pleura by the phrenic and intercostal nerves
C. Anterior mediastinal pleura by the phrenic nerve
D. Posterior mediastinal pleura by intercostal nerves
E. Dome of the pleura by the axillary nerve
12)
The costodiahragmatic recess
A. Lies between the costal and diaphragmatic pleura
B. Is the space between the visceral and costal pleura
C. Lies between the 10th and 12th rib in the midclavicular line
D. Is the most dependent part of the pleural cavity
E. In an X ray appears as an acute angle
13)
Nasopharynx communicates directly with
A. Nasal cavity
B. Oral cavity
C. Eustachian tube
D. Larynx
14)
Cartilage in the external nose are
A. Lesser ala cartilage
B. Lateral cartilage
C. Septal cartilage
D. Vomeronasal cartilage
15)
The following are located in the wall of the nasopharynx
A. Nasopharyngeal tonsil
B. Opening of the pharyngotympanic tube
C. Salpingopharyngeus muscles

D. Adenoids
16)
Middle meatus of the nasal cavity communicates with
A. Posterior ethmoidal sinus
B. Maxillary sinus
C. Nasolacrimal duct
D. Frontal sinus
17)
Paranasal sinuses communicating with the middle meatus are
A. Maxillary sinus
B. Frontal sinus
C. Sphenoidal sinus
D. Middle ethmoidal sinus
18)
Maxillary sinus
A. Lies immediately below the orbit
B. Opens into the bulla ethmoidalis
C. Is related to the 2nd upper molar
D. Drains into the middle meatus
19)
Paranasal sinuses communicating with the superior nasal meatus
are
A. Posterior ethmoidal air cells
B. Sphenoidal sinus
C. Maxillary sinus
D. Frontal sinus
20)
Structures lying anterior to the larynx
A. Pretracheal lamina of the cervical fascia
B. Superficial lamina of the cervical fascia
C. Omohyoid muscles
D. Hyoid bone
21)
Muscles narrowing the laryngeal inlet are
A. Aryepiglottic muscle
B. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
C. Thyrohyoid muscle
D. Oblique arytenoid muscles
22)
Structures anterior to the trachea
A. Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
B. Pretracheal fascia
C. Omohyoid muscle
D. Suprasternal space
23)
Vocal ligaments are attached to
A. Vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage
B. Lateral process of the arytenoid cartilage
C. Arch of the cricoid cartilage
D. Internal surface of the thyroid lamina

24)
Laryngeal cartilages consisting of hyaline cartilage are
A. Sphenoid
B. Thyroid
C. Cricoid
D. Arytenoid
25)
Rima glottis lies between
A. Vocal folds
B. Arytenoid cartilages
C. Vestibular folds
D. Vestibular and vocal folds
26)
Paired cartilages of the larynx are
A. Arytenoid
B. Cricoid
C. Sphenoid
D. Corniculate
27)
Structures in the thyroid cartilage
A. Lamina
B. Inferior horn
C. Vocal process
D. Base
28)
Muscles widening the rima glottis
A. Thyroiarytenoid
B. Transverse arytenoid
C. Lateral cricoarytenoid
D. Posterior cricoarytenoid
29)
Structures anterior to the trachea
A. Sternothyroid muscle
B. Thymus
C. Thoracic duct
D. Aortic arch
30)
Muscles inserting into the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage
A. Sternothyroid
B. Thyrohyoid
C. Thyroarytenoid
D. Cricothyroid
31)
Level of origin of the trachea is located at
A. Angle of the sternum
B. T6
C. C5
D. T1
32)
Regarding bronchopulmonary segment
A. Contains a tertiary bronchus
B. Contains a segmental artery
C. Drained by intersegmental veins

D. Contains bronchial artery branches

33)
Level of bifurcation of the trachea in adults is
A. Angle of the sternum
B. T5
C. Jugular notch
D. Aortic arch
34)
Structures posterior to the trachea
A. Oesophagus
B. Vagus nerve
C. Aortic arch
D. Thymus
35)
Structures above the root of the left lung
A. Aortic arch
B. Azygos vein
C. Hemiazygos vein
D. Thymus
36)
Indicate the localization of the oblique fissure
A. Posterior margin of the right lung
B. Posterior margin of the left lung
C. Inferior margin of the left lung
D. Inferior margin of the right lung
37)
Structures bordering the cardiac notch of the left lung from below
A. Lingual
B. Oblique fissure
C. Hilum
D. Horizontal fissure
38)
Structure seen in the most superior position of the hilum of the left
lung
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Nerves
C. Main bronchus
D. Pulmonary veins
39)
Structures that enter the hilum of the lung
A. Pulmonary artery
B. Pulmonary vein
C. Main bronchus
D. Lymphatic vessels
40)
Lobes of the lung that have 5 segments
A. Inferior lobe of right lung
B. Superior lobe of left lung
C. Inferior lobe of left lung
D. Superior lobe of right lung

41)
What are the segmental bronchi formed by ramification of the right
superior lobar bronchus
A. Anterior basal
B. Apical
C. Posterior
D. Anterior
42)
Structures located at the center of the bronchopulmonary segment
A. Segmental vein
B. Segmental artery
C. Segmental bronchus
D. Lobar vein
43)
Apex of the right lung located
A. 3 4 cm above the clavicle
B. Near spinous process of C1
C. 3 4 cm above the 1st rib
D. 2 cm above the clavicle
44)
Structures seen in the middle mediastinum
A. Trachea
B. Main bronchus
C. Pulmonary vein
D. Internal thoracic artery
45)
What are the compartments of the mediastinum through which the
phrenic nerve passes?
A. Superior
B. Anterior
C. Posterior
D. Middle
46)
Structures located behind the dome of the pleura
A. Longus colli muscles
B. Posterior scalene muscles
C. 1st rib
D. Subclavian artery
47)
Compartments of the mediastinum that contain the thymus
A. Anterior
B. Superior
C. Middle
D. posterior