MIT Korean Language Class – Beginner 1, Day 1

Korean Basic Expressions

1 네/예
Dialogue 1
ne / ye Yes.
2 아니오
a-ni-o No. B is visiting A. They are
3 안녕하세요? meeting for the first time.
an-nyəng-[h]a-se-yo? Hello. (Are you at peace?)
4 …입니다. A: an-nyəng-[h]a-se-yo?
…im-ni-da. I’m (name). B: ne, an-nyəng-[h]a-se-
5 만나서 반갑습니다. yo?
A: …im-ni-da.
man-na-sə pang-gap-sīm-ni-da. Nice to meet you.
B: …im-ni-da.
6 안녕히 가세요.
man-na-sə pang-gap-
an-nyəng-[h]i ga-se-yo. Good-bye. (Go in peace.) sīm-ni-da.
7 안녕히 계세요. A: man-na-sə pang-gap-
an-nyəng-[h]i ge-se-yo. Good-bye. (Stay in peace.) sīm-ni-da.
8 또 봐요. (A & B sit. A gives B something
tto b[w]a-yo. See you later. to drink.)
9 감사합니다. B: kam-sa-[ha]m-ni-da.
kam-sa-[ha]m-ni-da. Thank you. (B spills drink on A.)
10 괜찮아요. B: mi-an-[h]am-ni-da!
kwæn-chan-a-yo. It’s okay. A: (cleaning up) a-ni-o,
11 미안합니다. kwæn-chan-a-yo.
(It’s time to go.)
mi-an-[h]am-ni-da. I’m sorry.
B: an-nyəng-[h]i ge-se-yo!
12 아니오, 괜찮아요. A: an-nyəng-[h]i ga-se-yo!
a-ni-o, kwæn-chan-a-yo. Not at all, it’s all right. B: (leaving) tto b[w]a-yo!
A: tto b[w]a-yo!
Pronunciation & Hangīl
Vowels Consonants
Phonetic Transcription System sound name sounds example
a a as in father 기역 가게
아 a (father) ㄱ kiyək
k, -g-
kage (store)
æ a as in bat
b b as in bat 쌍기역 어깨
야 ya ㄲ ssanggiyək
kk
əkkæ (shoulder)
c relaxed ch as in chill
aspirated ch as in 키읔 코
어 ə (uh) ㅋ kh, -k
ch chop khiīk kho (nose)
tense tch as in 니은 누나
cc matchmaker
여 yə ㄴ niīn
n
nuna (older sister)
d d as in dog 디귿 되다
dz dg as in edge
오 o (poke) ㄷ tigīt
t, -d-
tweda (become)
e e as in bet 쌍디귿 어때
요 yo ㄸ ssangtigīt
tt
əttæ (be how)
g g as in golf
oo as in look but 티읕 티
우 u (boot) ㅌ th, -t
ī without lip rounding thiīt thi (flaw)
i ee as in feet 리을 일을
유 yu ㄹ riīl
l/r
irīl (work (as object))
h h as in hope
k relaxed k as in kitten 미음 마음
으 ī (look) ㅁ miīm
m
maīm (mind/heart)
kh aspirated k as in kill!
kk tense k as in skill 비읍 바보
이 i (feet) ㅂ piīp
p, -b-
pabo (fool)
l l as in lamp
쌍비읍 예뻐
ly soft l as in eel 애 æ (bat) ㅃ pp
ssangpiīp yeppə (be pretty)
m m as in mom
피읖 아파
n n as in nice 얘 yæ ㅍ ph, -p
phiīp apha (be sick/hurt)
ng ng as in sing
시옷 시사
o as in poke with lip 에 e (bet) ㅅ shiot
s/sh, -t
shisa (current events)
o rounding 쌍시옷 싸
ə uh as in uh 예 ye ㅆ ssangshiot
ss/sh
ssa (be inexpensive)
p relaxed p as in park 이응 영어
aspirated p as in (Combinations) ㅇ iīng
Ø-/-ng
yəngə (English)
ph pow! 지읒 자주
pp tense p as in spa 외 we ㅈ ciīt
c, -dz-, -t
cadzu (often)
r rolled r 쌍지읒 짜
s s as in sigh 위 wi ㅉ ssangciīt
cc
cca (be salty)
ss tense s as in stop 치읓 차
sh sh as in sheet 의 īy ㅊ h ch, -t h
c iīt c a (tea)
t relaxed t as in tall 히읗 화
th aspirated t as in talk! 와 wa ㅎ hiīt
h, -t
hwa (anger)
tt tense t as in star 워 wə
oo as in boot with lip
u rounding 왜 wæ
w w as in wide 웨 we
y y as in yard
한글 Hangīl] Hangīl, the Korean writing system, is one of the most scientifically designed and efficient scripts in the world.
Promulgated in 1446 by King Sejong, Hangīl was the product of deliberate, linguistically informed planning. Hangīl is quite easy
to learn. It is an alphabet with one special quirk: rather than arranging its letters in a row, e.g., ㅎㅏㄴㄱㅡㄹ, Hangīl writes its
words in syllable blocks, e.g., 한글.
How to Write Korean Stroke Orders: 1. Everything horizontal moves from left to right. 2. Everything vertical moves from top to
bottom. Constructing Syllable Blocks: Any written syllable must begin with a consonant (ㅇ if silent). The vowel is placed to the
right of, if it has a long vertical stroke, or below, if it has a long horizontal stroke, the initial consonant, e.g., 가, 너 vs. 고, 누. If the
vowel letter has both a long vertical and a long horizontal stroke, then it is is placed under and to the right of the initial consonant,
e.g., 귀, 뇌. Any additional consonants are placed directly below the preceding consonant and vowel, e.g., 감, 좀, 삶, 떫. To
keep the blocks approximately the same size, the size of the letters must be smaller for syllables containing three or four letters.
Hangul Vowels Table

i ī o a u ə æ e
base
set
ㅣ ㅡ ㅗ ㅏ ㅜ ㅓ ㅐ ㅔ
y o y a y u y ə yæ y e
y-
combos
ㅛ ㅑ ㅠ ㅕ ㅒ ㅖ
ī y wa w i
vowel
combos
ㅢ ㅘ ㅟ
wæ wə

ㅙ ㅝ
*we* we

ㅚ ㅞ
Name:________________________________________ Hangīl vowels worksheet

1. t 우 b이 오r n아t t우 b 이.

2. g 오 에m 아이 t 이!

3. 오 s 에이 c애n 유 s 이?

4. 아이 kn 오 th 애 t!

5. d 우 d wh 에 rz m 아이 c 아 r?

6. 아이 워 nd 으 r 웨r 이t c으d b 이.

7. 외 n sh 애 ll 위 m 이 t?

8. 예이! 와우! 유 워 n! 얘!

9. 여 k! d우 유 와 nt th 어 r 에 st?

10. 여 m 이! 아이 l어v m 어 ngk 이 br 에이 n!

Vowels writing practice

아 a

오 o

우 u

어 ə

요 yo

여 yə

와 wa

워 wə

의 īy

왜 wæ