Services during lifetime of prophet

1. Closest friend
2. Pious even before Islam
3. Immediately accepted
4. First free male
5. First one to testify mairaj title given al siddique
6. Devoted live and wealth
7. Persuaded usman talha zubair
8. Bought and freed slave like bilal.
9. Stood by prophet in all hardships
10.Delivered first address to offer allegiance to prophet message and he was
beaten by quraish youth
11.Married her daughter Ayesha to prophet
12.He accompanied holy prophet to madinah and cave of saur
13.The quran says he being the second of the two when they were in the cave
14.He paid for masjid-e-nabvis land
15.He placed all his wealth at tabuk
16.Didnt run away in hunain
17.In uhad he negated the rumor of prophet death and acted as a shield
18.One of the ten blessed companions
19.He led prayer in last days of prophets illness
20.Normalized the critical situation of prophets death
21.He and Umar were first to pray funeral of the prophet
Problems faced
Refusal to pay zakat
This was a great test of moral courage of him. After holy prophet death, the tribes
wanted a fresh Agreement and wanted to relieve themselves of zakat. But it was
refused. They attacked medina at night but found Abu bakrs army ready. They were
defeated and after this many tribe offered allegiance and paid zakat.
Apostasy movement
1. After prophets death ,many people rose in revolt and renounced islam
2. Abu bakr launched expedition immediately
3. Eleven battalions made under experienced commanders and sent to different
direction
4. First invite to Islam if refused attack some accepted some were stubborn
5. All campaign were successful and control was reestablished
False prophets
1. When Abu bakr became caliph some misguided people arose to claim prophet
hood
These included tulaiha,aswad ansi,musailamah and sajjjah
name

tulaiha

Aswad ansi

musailma

sajjah

Tribe

Banu asad

Comman
der

Khalid bin
walid

Ansi tribe,
ugly
Veiled
prophet
GatheredLa
rge army

result

surrendered

defeated

at the
end

became
Muslim
during
second
caliph

killed

Central
Arabia
shurbil,ikram
ah
Khalid bin
walid
Yamamah in
633ad
killed

About
360hafiz-equran
martyred

bani tamim
married
musailma

Ended her
dream
prophet hood
Accepted
islam with
her tribe
when Iraq
was
conquered

Savior of Islam
1.vital services was to clam down the shocked Muslims of
prophets death.
2. Even Umar was not ready to believe
3. Suppressed apostasy movement and persevered the
fundamentals of Islam
4. He defeated the false prophet thus kept unity of Islam
Mohammad is the final messenger of God
5. He fought and won against tribes refusing to pay zakat,
defended basic principles of Islam
6. By compiling quran he ensured the unity of muslim community
that depended on quran.
Election
Prophet didnt nominate a successor
Both mahajireen and ansar wanted caliph to be from the
groups
Abu bakr reminded that prophet instructed the leader was
to be from quraish
Ubu ubaidah bin jarrah and umar bin khataab name was
given
Umar pledge on the hands of abu abkr so did everyone else.
Administration
1. Laid foundation of true democratic state
2. Always took advise of companion in important matters

3. Divided the sate into provinces, each had a governor

4. Governor was responsible for military and administrative affairs
5. He had an amil tax collector and qazi to administer justice
6. All commander and governor were appointed on merit
7. Strict accountability for everyone including himself
8. Built bait-ul-maal to treasury collect revenue
9. Established military cantonments
10.Expanded to Iran, Syria and Rome
11.Ensured safety of non-Muslims and allowed them religious
freedom
12.Annual income was 6000 dirhams which he returned on his
dead bed .