O O

(Re)(St)
Re-St
2550100150200
Re ---

Abstract
The purpose of this experiment is to measure the vortex-shedding frequency while the
compressed air flow over a cylinder by hot-wire anemometer and all of the
experiment is set up at the small testing environment. By this way, we can find out the
relationship of Reynolds number and Strouhal number. We expect that research the
relationship between Re and St while flow over a heated cylinder by using the concept
of effective Reynolds number. We can get the effective Re by curving fitting the
critical Re at 2550100150200each and derive out the viscosity of
the air. After this, then we can measure the viscosity of the air everywhere after
knowing the viscosity with respect to the specific temperature. We only discuss the
phenomena at this part, because the limitation of the accuracy of the instrument. We
also observe that a heated cylinder can stabilize the flow field effectively by the
vortex-shedding frequency. We are going to enhance the accuracy of the instrument
and fulfill the gas identification.

............................................................................................................i
Abstract.......................................................................................................i
............................................................................................................ii
...................................................................................................iii
...................................................................................................iv
..............................................................................................1
1.1 .......................................................................................1
1.2 .......................................................................................1
1.3 .......................................................................................2
1.3.1 ...................................................................2-3
1.3.2 ...............................................................3-5
1.3.3 .......................................................5-6
..........................................................................7
2.1 ...........................................................................................7
2.2 ......................................................................8-10
2.3 ..........................................................................11
2.3.1 ............................................................11
2.3.2 ....................................................................12
2.4 ..........................................................................12
2.4.1 Re-St .....................................12-15
2.4.2 ........................................16
................................................................................17
3.1 Re-St ..................................................17
3.2 .................................................17
3.3 ........................................................................................18-19
................................................................................20
4.1 .............................................................................................20
4.2 .....................................................................................20
..................................................................................................21

ii

Re

(Reynolds number)

Re c

Re eff

St

(Strouhal number)

Teff

Tf

TW

T*

Tw T

UC

eff

iii

............................ 2
John H. Lienhard St-Re .3
...................6
.................................8
...............................8
.........................................9
.......................9
......................................10
......................................10
..................................10
............................11
..........................12
........................13
............14
............15
[1]..................15
........16
..........................18

iv

1.1
2006

1.2
(Re)(St)

1.3
1.3.1

Re = 40~49

(vortex)
Von Krman (1911)
Krman vortex street

[An-Bang Wang, 2000]

 John H. Lienhard (circular cylinder)

Strouhal number/Reynolds number

John H. Lienhard St-Re

1.3.2

Strouhal
St, Strouhal number
Re, Reynolds number

 Re =

Ud

U d

St =

fd
f
U

(Roshko, Williamson, Brown)

Re-St
St = D +

E
F
+
+L
Re Re

Lange (temperature ratio)

T

TW
T

TW (K)

T (K)

Lecordier
(critical
Reynolds number, Re c )
40 49

(effective Reynolds, Re eff )

Re c , = Re c ,eff (= U C d / eff )

Dumouchel (effective
kinematic viscosity, eff )
Teff
T

= 1+ c

Tw T
T

2000 (Wang)

c 0.28

1.3.3

(Poisseuilles law)


P1 - P2 r 4 V
=
L
8
t
Q P1 P2 L
r
Q=

r4

P1 - P2 t
L V

(Falling Ball Viscosimeter)


2.1

Re-St

Re-St

2.2

1.8

(Contraction)

(Thermocouples, Omega CHAL-005)

Thermal couple

1.1mm

(16mm
10mm )
Hot-wire

cylinder

Open jet

flow


(Hot-wire anemometer, TSI)
L

1.1mm
1.118

0-250CFM

RTD

10

2.3
2.3.1

11

2.3.2 (thermal couple)

50 0

2.4
2.4.1 Re-St

Bluff

body

Inlet

Flow meter
Out let

Honeycombs

Screens

Hot-wire
Hot-wire electronic
processor & FFT

12

Flow meter
electronic processor

3000 FFT

13

V=1.76
V=3.63
V=4.33
V=4.89

Re=126
Re=260
Re=310
Re=350

V=3.39
V=3.90
V=4.59
V=5.24

Re=243
Re=279
Re=328
Re=375

14

Velocity(m/s)

Velocity vs Frequency
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0

y = 178.86x - 138.15
2

R = 0.9976

Frequency(Hz)

St Re Re-St

0 ~ 2 m/s

St vs Re
0.25
0.2

St

0.15
0.1

reference[1]
experiment

0.05
0
0

100

200

300

400

Re

[1]

15

500

2.4.2
25 200
Re-St

T=28V=2.13Re=152
T=175V=2.20Re=157
T=208V=2.18Re=156

16


3.1 Re-St
Re-St
Re-St
Re

Re
Recr
3.2

Re-St

17

3.3

Re

0.8m/s

2
10

u
U0

Entrance length

18

Fully developed
velocity profile

( 1m/s )

1.8cm

(16mm 10mm
)

19


4.1

1 Re-St
Re-St

4.2
1

20


[1]K. A. Cliffe and S. J. Tavener, The effect of cylinder rotation and
blockage ratio on the onset of periodic flow, Journal of Fluid Mechanics,
Vol. 501, pp. 125-133, 2004.
[2] An-Bang Wang, Zdenek Tra vncek, On the linear heat transfer
correlation of a heated circular cylinder in laminar crossflow using a new
representative temperature concept, Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,
Vol. 44, pp. 4635-4647, 2000.
[3]An-Bang Wang, Zdenek Tra vncek, and Kai-Chien Chia, On the
relationship of effective Reynolds number and Strouhal number for the
laminar vortex shedding of a heated circular cylinder, Journal of Physics
of Fluids, Vol. 12, No. 6, 2002, pp. 1401-1410.
[4]Robert W. fox, Alan T. McDonald, Philip J. Pritchard, Introduction to
Fluid Mechanics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2004.
[5]Merle C. Potter, David C. Wiggert, etc., Mechanics of fluids, 3rd
BROOKS/COLE, Inc, 2001.
[6]
94

[7]
90

[8] http://tw17.water.com.tw/index3.asp

21