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Niraj Singh Parihar
Jaypee University of Information Technology
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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015)
Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm
Abstract
Increase in population with a tremendous growth rate has led
to scarcity of good land for construction and it has forced the
engineers to improve the capacity of soil by means of
reinforcement. Geotextiles have emerged as a good and
economical alternative for soil reinforcement. This article
presents the result of triaxial testing conducted on c- soil
samples reinforced with geosynthetic. Woven and non-woven
geosynthetics were used in the form of sheet and thread. Effect
of type of geosynthetic, confining pressure, number of layers
and content of geotextile thread have been considered in
analysis. The stress-strain behaviour of soil has improved with
the addition of geotextiles. Increase in number of layers and
confining pressure has led to the improvement in the
performance of reinforced soil. Deviatoric stress has increased
with increase in number of layers and confining pressure.
Optimum amount of geotextiles threads are found to be
varying from 5% to 10% by weight of soil. Result of study are
presented in the graphical form.
Keywords: Reinforcement, Geotextile, Woven, Nonwoven,
Soil, Triaxial, Confining pressure
1.Introduction
Nowadays there are various alternatives available to increase
the strength and stiffness of the weak soil and to improve the
behaviour of soil under various loading and environmental
conditions. Geotextiles are most widely used sheet materials
for reinforcement and there are wide verities of geotextiles
available in the market. Geotextile reinforced soils are very
frequently used in various civil and environmental engineering
projects because geotextiles are cost effective and
environmental friendly. Reinforcements and soil together are
treated as composite material to study the behaviour of
reinforced soil [1]. In case of unreinforced soil samples, failure
occurs along a planar shear plane, whereas reinforced soil
samples fail due to bulging between neighbouring geotextile
layers [2].
There are various studies available on sand and clay
reinforced soil in literature. Triaxial test are one of best
laboratory test to determine the effect of reinforcement on the
behavior of soil.
Various triaxial test on sand have been performed byHaeri
et al. 2000 [3], Chandrasekaran et al. 1989 [4], Gray and AlRefeai 1986 [5], Zhang et al. 2006, 2008 [6], Latha and Murthy
2007 [7], Tafreshi and Asakereh 2007 [8], Wu and Hong 2008
[9], Tuna &Altun 2012 [10], Nguyen et al. 2013 [11], Parihar
4147
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015)
Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm
100
90
80
70
Fine (%)
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
10
2.2 Geotextiles
Woven and nonwoven geotextiles were used in sheet and thread
form in study. The geotextiles are bought from Virendera
Textiles, Noida, Uttar Pradesh and shown in figure 2.
Properties of nonwoven and woven geotextiles are shown in 2.3 Triaxial apparatus
table 2 and table 3 respectively. Used geotextiles are resistant All test specimens of triaxial test are having diameter of 38mm
to various chemicals and microorganism found in earth and and 76 mm height. Apparatus used in study is shown in Fig 3.
short term resistant to UV radiations as well.
(a)
(b)
Fig. 2: Geotextiles used in study; (a) Non-Woven Geotextiles
(b) Woven Geotextiles
4148
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015)
Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm
700
600
Peak stress (kPa)
500
400
300
200
3=100 kPa
100
3=200 kPa
3=300 kPa
0
2
Number of layers
(a)
700
600
Peak stress (kPa)
500
400
300
200
3=100 kPa
3=200 kPa
100
3=300 kPa
0
0
2
3
Number of layers
(b)
Fig. 5: Effect of number of layers on peak stress (a) woven
geotextiles (b) nonwoven geotextiles
800
700
600
500
400
300
3=100 kPa
200
3=200 kPa
100
3=300 kPa
0
0
10
15
20
(c)
Fig. 6:Effect of geotextiles thread % on peak stress of
reinforced soil
4149
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015)
Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm
650
Peak strength (kPa)
700
700
800
600
Single layer
550
Double layer
500
Three layer
450
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
400
Without geotextiles
5%
10%
15%
100
200
300
Confining pressure (kPa)
400
350
300
250
200
0
100
200
300
400
(a)
650
600
Without geotextiles
550
Single layer
500
Double layer
450
Three layer
400
350
300
250
200
0
100
200
300
400
(b)
Fig. 7: Effect of confining pressure on peak stress of soil (a)
woven geotextiles (b) nonwoven geotextiles
4150
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562 Vol. 10 No.55 (2015)
Research India Publications; httpwww.ripublication.comijaer.htm
4151
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