St Vincent and the Grenadines

Central Water and Sewerage Authority

Report on damages to the Jennings and

Perseverance Treatment and Supply Systems
and Restoration works April 2011

Prepared by: Engineering Department

Date: 13th May 2011

Table of Contents
Introduction
Outline of the Damage sustained to CWSA systems and Installations
Restoration and Repair works
List of Pipes and Fitting used during disaster relief
List of construction materials used during disaster relief
List of Equipment and Machinery used during disaster relief
Labour force used during disaster relief

Introduction

On the 11th of April 2011 heavy rainfall in the Perseverance and Jennings
valley, 11 and 10 respectively, resulted in swollen rivers and severe
flooding that in turn caused significant damage to two of our major systems
on the windward side of the island. The affected systems were Jennings
Treatment and Supply system also known as the Windward Supply Project
and the Perseverance Treatment and Supply system that feeds Georgetown
and surrounding areas. The objective of this report is to document the post
disaster efforts of the Central Water and Sewerage Authority as it relates to
the rehabilitation works done on our systems and its interface with the
community in boosting its resilience to cope with intermittent water
shortages. An added expectation is that this report will assist in
supplementing a favourable institutional framework to strengthen even
further our disaster management plan.

Outline of the Damage sustained to CWSA systems and

Installations
On the Perseverance system the major damages were sustained in
the following areas:

Massive agglomeration of boulders, logs and sediments at the intake

dam as well as a build up of sediments in the grit chamber rending
both unable to function.

2 breakages on the 8 ductile Iron pipeline from the intake to the

Treatment plant.

At the 250,000 gallon storage tank overflow the pipes were swept
away and outlet valves were shifted as well as an accumulation of
sediments within the tanks chambers.

Level sensors and Flow meters from the water resources project were
swept away by the swollen river.

There was also scouring at the base of the storage tank that may
threaten the structural integrity of its foundation and degradation of
the slopes between the road and the tank that will require retaining
structures to stabilize same.

A 350 section of fence closest to the river was swept away.

3 Breakages on the 8 ductile Iron transmission main from the

treatment plant at the 3rd, 4th and 5th river crossing on the road
towards our facilities.

2 Breakages on the 6 ductile Iron transmission main; One at its river

crossing in Spring, Georgetown and the other at the river crossing at
Mount Young where it supplied water to Chester Cottage.

1 Breakage on the 4 ductile Iron transmission at the river crossing at

Basin Hole, Georgetown.

The road leading to our facilities was severely affected as high volumes
of water resulted in significant erosion as trenches as wide as 5 by 2to
3 in depth were present and in other cases a massive build up of
sediments and logs.

There was also the failure of a retaining wall that supported a portion
of road above the river between the first and second river crossing.

The bridges were significantly damaged as they were clogged in most

instances and the water eroded the weaker portions before and after
completely destroying the roads and in some cases scouring their
foundation and abutment walls.

On the Jennings System the major damages were observed in the

following areas:

Breakage on a section of the 6 pipeline from the intake to the

treatment plant as a result of a mass movement of a significant portion
of the land.

The gate and 394 of fencing at the treatment plant were swept away
by the action of water and landslides.

Level sensors and Flow meters from the water resources project were
also washed away by the swollen river.

The chlorination house was partially flooded and the floor covered with
mud and debris. There was also a breakage in the 1 chlorine line
thats operates the chlorinator as well as the chlorine sample point
stand pipe.

There were 7 other reported breakages on the 12 transmission main;

one at the stream in front of Knights property, two in the proximity of
the hill above knights bridge, one close to knights bridge, one en route
between Byrea and Jennings at the first wash out and two suspended
river crossings at Byrea proper.

The roads sustained similar damages to those in the perseverance

valley; high volumes of sediments and huge logs rendered them
impassable. In some sections where the road runs parallel to the river
there was mass erosion of the river banks that significantly reduced
the width of the carriageway as well as landslides that causes road
blocked.

The bridges and river crossings were not as badly affected and were
mainly blocked hence affecting their functionality and not their
structural integrity.

There was also damage done to the 4 gate valve at the washout at
the river in Byrea on the 3rd of May while the 12 line was being
flushed.

Restoration and Repair works

Given the gravity of the situation and the mandate of our company to
consistently provide a regular supply of quality water we embarked on a
campaign to restore our systems and regular operations in the shortest
possible time frame so as to minimise the inconvenience to our customers
and the general public. Measures were also put in place to supply the affected
areas that were served by the Jennings system from our Montreal source; this was
one of the first steps taken to provide continuity in our service. As a result, from the
valves at north Union we alternated the flow from north to south at determined
intervals during the day to provide in intermittent supply of water. We were able to
feed as far south as Stubbs and Carapan through the Calder and McCarthy tanks
and towards Byrea in the north. A series of tanks were set up in strategic location in
and around Georgetown and were refilled by our 1600 gallon Water Tender Truck.
Water was also provided to residents from tanks mounted onto our Double Cab
Pickups as well as from a number of private entities that did invaluable work by
supplying water to those affected. We also reactivated the old Perseverance system
and with the assistance of our Laboratory Personnel we were able to attain and
maintain quality water from this source. A series of stand Pipes were also set up;
one at Mount Young that received water from Montreal, and others within
Georgetown area that were fed off the old Perseverance source.

As early as Tuesday April 12th our Treatment Plant Attendants were busy
walking the lines and relaying information on the damages to our systems.

Cleaning of the intake also begun on that day as well as shuttling of Pipes from
Belair Complex to Byrea as the Bridge at Mt. Young and consequently the bridge at
Byrea were impassable. Our assessments continued until Thursday the 14 th of April
by our Senior Technical Staff lead by The Engineering Manager and comprised of
Engineers, Superintendants, Area Supervisors, Engineering Technicians and
members of the Georgetown Crew who hiked through a maze of debris and logs to
provide a more comprehensive assessment.
One of our major challenges was accessing the treatment plants as a result of the
major damages to the roads and bridges. In order to expeditiously exercise our
restoration works we had to execute major road cleaning and in some cases rely on
temporary measures to make the roads motorable. This was done in conjunction
with BRAGSA who contracted the services of Mr. Austin Bullock who worked in the
Perseverance Valley and Mr. Joseph DaSilva who worked at the Jennings Valley, both
of whom operated Komatsu PC 200 Excavators. We also contracted a Mini excavator
Caterpillar 303 operated by Mr. Julian Bute and utilized the two of our JCB Backhoes;
TD 27 and G458. These temporary measures consisted of filling of eroded trenches
and cavities with stones, small works to divert water from the road surface, clearing,
grading, cutting and filling.

The following is a list of activities carried out in our repair and restoration
duties on the Perseverance System.

The massive agglomeration of boulders, logs and Sediments were

cleared from the intake dam by Mr Austin Bullock on April 27 th and 28th,
while cleaning of the Grit chamber was done during the first week by
daily paid Labourers.

The first breakage on the 8 line from the intake to the treatment plant
was repaired on the 25th of April by refitting and repositioning two
lengths of 8 Bell and Plain D.I. Pipes and replacing a control valve. The
second break was restored by stepping down from 8 to 4 D.I. Pipes
and re routing the pipeline away from the current river course from the
21st to the 25th of April, 17 lengths (340) of 4 D.I. Pipes were utilised.
Concrete and masonry works were done on the 27 th of April for pipe
supports. Large Boulders from the river bed were then placed
strategically alongside the pipeline at an average distance of 5 to 6
feet to serve as a buffer in the event that the river level rises or

changes its course. There are also plans in place to cover the pipeline
with mould or sand from the river bed to act as a cushion and reduce
the vulnerability of the pipes with respect to the adjoining slope.

The fitting at the Storage tank overflow were replaced on the 27 th and
28th of April while the removal of debris and flushing of the tanks were
done on those days by labourers.

The breakages on the 8 lines were repaired strategically from the 3 rd

crossing upwards towards the treatment plant. On 16 th of April 2
lengths of 8 flanged ductile iron pipes were fitted along the third river
crossing, concrete works are yet to be carried out at this point. On the
17th of April 9 lengths of 8 bell & Plain and 2 lengths of 8 Flanged
pipes were used to restore the 4th river crossing which now runs
parallel to the bridge as opposed to its original route over the river.
Trenching was done with the support of Mr Austin Bullock and back
filling was done by Our Backhoe G458 using sandy silt. The Concrete
works were carried out on the anchors and bends on the 25th of April.
The 5th river crossing was more tedious as the river had destroyed the
arable land that once existed there and transformed the area into a
wide river basin. Therefore the river crossing was done in the form of a
Siphon that channels the pipeline beneath the river bed. Excavation
works for the trench were done by Mr. Austin Bullock under the
guidance of our Technical team. This was done in two phases; during
the first phase we advanced 140 feet, laid 7 lengths of 8 D.I. Pipes
with a blinding of sand from a nearby source and then placed a 12
thick layer of concrete around 30 of the pipe surround where the river
is expected to flow. Mixing of concrete was done by mixer with a mix
ratio of 1:2:4 and the mix was transported by Buggy, this was done
between the 18th and the 19th of April.
In the second phase the 8pipeline that was previously laid was
backfilled using sand that was transported from Dickson, Georgetown
by Buggy and with the compliments of Mr Selwyn Dabreo. The river
course was then diverted over to the concrete protected section of the
pipeline again by Mr Austin Bullock who also did the trenching for the
second phase. We then proceeded to join the pipes to the existing
pipeline at the other extreme of the river by installing a further 5
lengths of 8 D.I. pipes. Once this was completed we then placed
concrete protection over a further 90 of pipeline as the natural course

of the river in that areas is both unpredictable and is also liable to

change when the bridge is reconstructed hence a very conservative
approach on our part. The concrete works were quite challenging as
the tires of our buggy were punctured on various occasion and we had
to resort to the use of the Backhoe G458 to transport the concrete.
Also there was water intrusion and as a result the water pump was
utilised on several occasion.

The pipelines that were washed away in Spring were replaced by 3

lengths (60) of 6 D.I. Flanged Pipes while the 6 line that crossed the
river at Mount Young has now been out phased as a new 2 line now
feeds Chester Cottage from the Jennings System. This shift involved
the laying of over 2000 feet of galvanised Iron pipes from Mannings
Village over to Chester Cottage. The concrete works at spring were
completed on the 27th of April.

The Breakage on the 4 line at basin hole was repaired by the use of 5
lengths of 2 galvanised pipes and 3 lengths of 4 D.I. Pipes a total
of 160.

The Following is a summary of the restoration and repair works carried out
on the Jennings System:

The repair works on the 6 line commenced on the 15 th of April,

labourers were used to clear the area of debris from the landslide and
the pipeline was replaced using the existing 6 pipes and 1 length of 6

D.I. from the treatment plant, concrete works were then carried out at
a later date.

The Chlorination facility has since been cleaned by labourers, the

breakages on the 1 chlorine line and the chlorine sample point stand
pipe has also been repaired.

Repair works on the 12 transmission mains are as follows:

At the two suspended river crossings at Byrea one length of 12 D.I.

flanged pipes was used in both instances as well as a flanged adaptor.

At the first washout from Jennings in the direction of Byrea 2 lengths

of 12 D.I. flanged were used to repair that section.

Close to knights Bridge where originally there was Bell and Plain Pipes
that were washed away, 3 lengths of Flanged pipes were used as well
as welding to effect the anchors.

In the proximity of the hill above knights the two breakages required 6
lengths of Bell and Plain pipes to reinstate that segment, 2 and 4
lengths respectively.

The stream in front of knights Building 3 lengths of 12 D.I. flanged

pipes were used to replace the Bell and plain pipes of the same
diameter that existed there. Concrete works were also done throughout
at all of these locations to secure the pipelines by providing thrust
blocks, anchors and Supports.

The damaged 4 gate valve at the washout in Byrea was replaced on

the 3rd of May, the same day it was damaged.

List of Pipes and Fitting used during

disaster relief
Item

Unit

Quantity

Overa

Unit rate

Total

Persevera
nce

Jennin
gs

ll
Quant
ity

12

12

12" Flanged D.I. pipe

12" Bell and Plain D.I.
pipe

lengt
h
Lengt
h

12" coupling

pcs

12" Flanged Adaptor

12" 22 1/2 Flanged
Bend

pcs

pcs
lengt
h
lengt
h

8" Flanged D.I. pipe

8" Bell and Plain D.I.
Pipe

22

22

8" couplings
8" Anchor type
Adaptors

pcs

pcs

8" Flanged bend

8" 45 Mechanical
bend
8" 22 1/2 Mechanical
bend
8" 11 1/4 Mechanical
bend

pcs

pcs

pcs

pcs

8" 22 1/2 Socket bend

pcs

8" x 4" Flange reducer

pcs
lengt
h
lengt
h

6" coupling
6" 90 Mechanical
bend
4" Bell and Plain D.I.
pipe

pcs

pcs
lengt
h

17

17

4" flanged adaptor

4" 45 Mechanical
bend
4" 22 1/2 Mechanical
bend

pcs

pcs

pcs

4" Flanged T
4" Flanged gasket

pcs
pcs

1
6

1
6

6" Bell and /plain D.I.

6" Flanged D.I. pipe

$
2,101.75
$
1,581.62
$
438.07
$
377.52
$
958.45
$
1,292.25
$
496.96
$
305.69
$
196.56
$
302.72
$
408.29
$
206.10
$
208.44
$
166.78
$
210.76

$
3 982.30
$
3 1,127.00
$
3 179.45
$
351.24
$
164.82
$
152.57
$
164.56
$
181.46
$
232.07
$

$
25,221.00
$
11,071.34
$
1,314.21
$
755.04
$
958.45
$
6,461.25
$
10,933.12
$
1,834.14
$
1,179.36
$
302.72
$
816.58
$
1,030.50
$
208.44
$
333.56
$
421.52
$
2,946.90
$
3,381.00
$
538.35
$
702.48
$
2,801.94
$
152.57
$
164.56
$
181.46
$
232.07
$

4" gate valve

20 x 90mm Flange
bolts
16 x 65mm flange
bolts

pcs

pcs

57

57

pcs

36

36

6.88
$
463.43
$
8.57
$
2.99
TOTAL

Quant
ity

Item
Description

D.I. Pipe

6"

2.5"
2"
1.5"
1"
.75"
.5"

G.I. Tee

2"
1.5"
1"
.5"

Union

Total

Size

4"
G.I. Pipe

Unit Cost

2.5"
2"
1.5"

$
6 1,127.00
$
2 667.56
$
4 138.56
$
14 108.10
$
35 76.22
$
14 48.38
$
1 31.96
$
23 24.70
$
1 15.17
$
1 10.27
$
1 4.58
$
2 2.25
$
1 53.22
$
5 22.37
4 $

$
6,762.00
$
1,335.12
$
554.24
$
1,513.40
$
2,667.70
$
677.32
$
31.96
$
568.10
$
15.17
$
10.27
$
4.58
$
4.50
$
53.22
$
111.85
$

41.28
$
463.43
$
488.49
$
107.64
$
75,043.40

1"
.5"
Valves

Nipples

Coupling

Reducing
bushing

Reducing Tees

Bends

4
11

6"

2.5"

2"

1.5"

.5"

2.5"

2"

1.5"

1"

.5"

6"

4"

2.5"
2.5" X
5"
2.5" X
1.5"

1" X .5"
.75" X .
5"
2.5" X .
5"
2" X
1.5"

2" X .5"
1.5" X .
5"
2": 45

1
1

1
4
1

1
2

13.52
$
7.94
$
6.00
$
705.96
$
135.70
$
211.28
$
122.51
$
37.31
$
12.13
$
8.13
$
4.44
$
2.70
$
1.45
$
183.50
$
103.16
$
89.47
$
10.62
$
9.37
$
1.73
$
1.38
$
1,612.00
$
16.39
$
9.91
$
7.44
$

54.08
$
31.76
$
66.00
$
705.96
$
135.70
$
1,690.24
$
122.51
$
186.55
$
48.52
$
56.91
$
26.64
$
5.40
$
7.25
$
367.00
$
206.32
$
89.47
$
10.62
$
9.37
$
5.19
$
1.38
$
6,448.00
$
16.39
$
29.73
$
7.44
$

2": 90
1.5":
90
.5": 90
Flange
Adaptor

6"

2
3
13
2

18.11
$
9.42
$
11.53
$
2.70
$
209.44

36.22
$
18.84
$
34.59
$
35.10
$
418.88
$
25,181.4
9

List of construction materials used

during disaster relief
Item

Unit

Jennin
gs

Overa
ll
Quant
ity

106

80

186

Quantity
Perseveran
ce

Portland Ordinary
Cement

sack

sand

yd

12

5/8 " Crushed Aggregates

yd

12

Rabacca Concrete blend

yd

18

18

36

1/2" Corrugated steel

length

3/8" smooth steel

length

lacing wire

roll

5/8" construction ply

sheet

2x4x16 RPP

length

15

15

Water Boots

pairs

12

16

Working Gloves

pairs

24

12

36

Unit
rate
$
22.00
$
34.50
$
69.00
$
20.00

$
19.00
$
14.00
$
13.00
$
97.00
$
37.95
$
53.40
$
8.75
TOTAL

List of Equipment and Machinery used during

disaster relief
Item

Backhoe TD 27
Backhoe G458
Komatsu PC 200: Bullock
Buggy G464

Total

$
71.00
$
337.26
$
18,750.00
$
153.76

Remarks

Diesel cost
Diesel cost
Paid to
BRAGSA

Diesel cost

Total

$
4,092.00
$
414.00
$
828.00
$
720.00
$
152.00
$
56.00
$
26.00
$
388.00
$
569.25
$
854.40
$
315.00
$
8,414.65

Buggy G254
$
1,000.00
$
4,970.00

Concrete Mixer
Private Trucking

4 days @
$250
For
aggregates

4 ton Isuzu Tipper (G

791).
Double Cab Pickup:
G330

$
563.81
$
G331 959.86
$
G592 604.76

TOTAL

Diesel cost
Diesel cost
Diesel cost

$
27,410.45

Labour force used during disaster

relief
Hours Worked

Regular hours

8323

OT 1.5

2910

OT 2.0

1486

OT 3.0

147
Number of Employees

Monthly paid

Temporary Employees

51

Regular (Daily Paid)

48

Total Workers on the

Project
Labour cost

Total Overall Cost

106
145,993.91
$
282,043.90

Appendix 1: Photographs from the Perseverance System

Fig 1.1 Broken 6 main at Spring Village Georgetown.

Fig 1.2 Broken 8 main at the 4th river crossing towards the Perseverance
treatment plant.

Fig 1.3 CWSA personnel at work on the realignment of the 8 main at the
4th River crossing.

Fig 1.4 Trenching for the realigned 8 Pipeline at the 4 th river crossing.

Fig 1.5 Installation of 8 flanged DI Pipelines at the Bridge on the 4 th river

Crossing

Fig 1.6 Installation and pipeline protection of the 8 DI Pipeline at the

Bridge on the 5th river Crossing.

Fig 1.7 New 4 D.I. Pipeline that replaces the broken section of 8 D.I.
Pipeline.

Fig 1.8 Masonry piers on new 4D.I. Pipeline.

Fig 1.9 Intake Dam before cleaning.

Fig 1.10 Intake dam after preliminary cleaning.

Appendix 2: Photographs from the Jennings System

Fig 2.1 Clearing of landslide by rented Equipment.

Fig 2.2 Transportation of 12 D.I. Flanged pipeline after access had been
restored by CWSA personnel.

Fig 2.3 Section of access road that was destroyed.

Fig 2.4 Thrust block separated from 11 1/4 mechanical bend on this 12
D.I. Transmission Pipeline.

Fig 2.5 Gate and Fence destroyed at the entrance to the treatment plant.

Fig 2.6 Portion of fence destroyed by landslide at the treatment plant.

Fig 2.7 Landslide just above the sedimentation tanks 1 & 2.

Fig 2.8 Repairs on the 6 Line from the intake to the Sedimentation tank.

Fig 2.9 Making the final connection on the 6 Line from intake to
sedimentation tank.

Fig 2.10 Repairs completed on the 12 D.I. flanged pipeline at the river
crossing at Byrea.