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Science
Science is the concerted human effort to understand, or to understand
better, the history of the natural world and how the natural world works, with
observable physical evidence as the basis of that understanding1. It is done
through observation of natural phenomena, and/or through experimentation
that tries to simulate natural processes under controlled conditions.
Science[nb 1] is a systematic enterprise that builds and
organizes knowledge in the form of
testable explanations and predictions about theuniverse.[nb 2][2]:58 In an
older and closely related meaning, "science" also refers to this body of
knowledge itself, of the type that can be rationally explained and reliably
applied.
Contemporary science is typically subdivided into the natural sciences which
study the material world, the social sciences which study people and
societies, and the formal sciences like mathematics. The formal sciences are
often excluded as they do not depend onempirical observations.
[3] Disciplines which use science like engineering and medicine may also be
considered to be applied sciences.[4]
From classical antiquity through the 19th century, science as a type of
knowledge was more closely linked to philosophy than it is now. In fact, in
the West during the early modern period the terms "science" and "natural
philosophy" were sometimes used interchangeably to refer to the study of
natural phenomena.[5]:3[nb 3]
In the 17th and 18th centuries scientists increasingly sought to formulate
knowledge in terms of laws of nature. Over the course of the 19th century,
the word "science" became increasingly associated with the scientific
method itself, as a disciplined way to study the natural world,
including physics, chemistry, geology and biology. It is in the 19th century
also that the term scientist began to be applied to those who sought
knowledge and understanding of nature.[6]
Biology
Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and
living organisms, including their structure, function, growth,evolution,
distribution, and taxonomy.[1] Modern biology is a vast and eclectic field,
composed of many branches and subdisciplines. However, despite the broad
scope of biology, there are certain general and unifying concepts within it
that govern all study and research, consolidating it into single, coherent
fields. In general, biology recognizes the cell as the basic unit of life,genes as
the basic unit of heredity, and evolution as the engine that propels the
synthesis and creation of new species. It is also understood today that all
organisms survive by consuming and transforming energy and
by regulating their internal environment to maintain a stable and vital
condition.
Biology is the science of life. Biologists study the structure, function, growth,
origin, evolution and distribution of living organisms. There are generally
considered to be at least nine umbrella fields of biology, each of which
consists of multiple subfields.
Cellular biology: the study of the basic cellular units of living things
Adding to the complexity of this enormous idea is the fact that these fields
overlap. It is impossible to study zoology without knowing a great deal about
evolution, physiology and ecology. You cant study cellular biology without
knowing biochemistry and molecular biology as well