Christos | Geography |

Geography test 4

Vocabulary
1. Ecosystem: A natural unit made up of living
things and their non-living environment, for
example a forest a desert
2. Famine: Not having food
3. Drought: a prolonged period of abnormally low
rainfall, leading to a shortage of water
4. Global warming: The way average temperatures
around the world are rising
5. Climate change: The average weather in a place
how the weather is usually there
6. Greenhouse gases: Gases that trap heat around
the earth
7. Sustainable: Can be carried on without harming
the environment economy or peoples quality of
life
8. Deforestation: Cutting down forests
9. Ethanol: An alcohol made out of plants it burs
well so is used as a fuel
10.
Acid rain: Rain that has acidic gases in it
dissolved it can kill fish and plants
11.
Fossil fuels: Coal, oil and natural gas
12.
Biomes: very large ecosystems

PAGE 1

Pg.: 54-55
4 Examples of different ecosystems:
1. Hot dessert: An area with less than 25cm of rain
a year
2. Deciduous forest: is in the climate region with
warm summers, mild winters, and rain all year
3. Tropical rainforest: Forests occurring in tropical
regions with heavy rainfall
4. Tundra: Flat treeless in the arctic region

The Climate:
Climate is the
driving force
in an
ecosystem.
The climate
affects

The soil: How thick and rich the soil is

depends partly on the climate. Rock
breaks down fast into the soil in a hot
damp climate

The vegetation (plants and trees): It

adapts to suit the climate and soil. It
grows fast and thick in a hot damp sunny
climate, and slowly in a hot dry one

The animals: They adapt cope with

the climate, and to feed on the
plants or each other

PAGE 2

Pg. 72-73
Effects of global warming:
1. Air around the earth gets hotter
2. Rainfall pattern change some places gets more
rain than before some less
3. Wind pattern change which are linked to air
pressure, which is linked to temperature
4. The ice starts to melt when the temperature
rises above 0 degrees Celsius

Pg. 74-75
PAGE 3

So what causing global warming

Natural causes

Human causes

The earth tilt and path around the

sun can change
Natural changes in temperature

Pollution e.g. CO2 emissions

Deforestation the cutting down
trees

The amount of energy the sun

gives out change
Some heat escapes to the outer atmosphere
\\\\\\\\

Sun

Greenhouse
gases

Atmosphere

But some is trapped

in the greenhouse
gases

Three examples of greenhouse gases:

Some of the energy is absorbed by the

ground the other is reflected

Earth
PAGE 4

1. Methane CH4: It is the natural gas

2. Nitrous Oxide N2O: It is produced by bacteria in
the soil. By adding fertilisers it is produced more
3. Water vapour H2O: Is water evaporating but now
it evaporates more than before by the hot air of
global warming.

Pg. 76-77
Humans actions that cause global warming:
1. We burn coal oil and gas in power stations so
when you open the light you burn fossil fuels
indirectly
2. At home we burn gas for heat and cooking. And
some people like coal fires
3. We burn petrol and diesels in cars or buses
4. Some cars use a mixture of petrol and ethanol
5. We burn kerosene in plane engines
6. Many people in poorer countries use wood as a
fuel

Local actions global effects:

So when you leave the light on in your room or the
TV on standby you may affecting someone far away
on the other side of the world it an example of local
actions global effects. Usually poorer countries cant
deal with the disasters that can cause billions

PAGE 5