Project

Management Processes

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Objec&ve
!Describe the ve project management

(PM) process groups, the typical level of

activity for each, and the interactions
among them
!Understand how the PM process groups
relate to the PM knowledge areas
!Discuss how organizations develop
information technology PM
methodologies to meet their needs
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Project Management Process Groups

!A process is a series of actions directed

toward a particular result

!Project management can be viewed as a
number of interlinked processes
!The project management process groups
include:

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Project Process
!Initiating processes
!Planning processes
!Executing processes
!Monitoring and controlling

processes
!Closing processes

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Level of Ac&vity and Overlap of Process

Groups Over Time

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Mapping the Process Groups to the

Knowledge Areas
!You can map the main activities of each PM

process group into the nine knowledge areas

using the PMBOK Guide 2004
!Note that there are activities from each
knowledge area under the planning and
monitoring and controlling process groups
!All initiating activities are part of the project
integration management knowledge area
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Rela&onships Among Process Groups and Knowledge

Areas (PMBOK Guide 2004, p. 69)

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Inurina IT PM based on Schwalbe

What is Methodology ?
! Ways things are done
! Step by step, sequence of doing things
! Every processes is identied and arranged to achieve

the objective

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IT Project Management Methodologies

!PRINCE2 (Projects In Controlled

Environments
!RUP (Rational Unied Process) Iterative
Software development Process
!Agile Scrum, Extreme Programming,
Dynamic System Development method
(DSDM)
!Six Sigma DMAIC (Dene, Measure,
Analyze, Improve & Control) used to
improve existing business process
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Developing an IT Project Management

Methodology
!Many organizations develop their own project

management methodologies, especially for IT

projects; a methodology describes how things
should be done
!Just as projects are unique, so are approaches
to project management

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Tips to use Methodology

! Use analogy to represent process
! Metaphor will help to show the whole project

processes
! Use diagrams to simplify overall process

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SDLC Methodology Example :

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Case Study
! JWD Consultings Project Management Intranet Site

! This case study provide an example of whats involved

in initiating, planning, executing, controlling, and

closing an IT project
! You can download templates for creating your own
project management documents from the companion
Web site for this text
! Note: This case study provides a big picture view of
managing a project; later chapters provide detailed
information on each knowledge area
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 Project Ini&a&on

!Start up with identifying a new project and its

phase
!Pre initiation phase would be practice by some
people, while others will use business case as part
of initiation
!Main objective is to is to start o a project
! Key outputs include:
! Assigning the project manager
! Identifying key stakeholders
! Completing a business case
! Completing a project charter and getting signatures on

it

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Ini&a&on : Deliverable
!Business Case
!Project Charter

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Business Case Contents

! Introduction
! Business Objective
! Current situation and Problem/ Opportunity
! Critical Assumption & Constraint
! Analysis of options & recommendations
! Preliminary Project requirement
! Budget Estimate & Financial Analysis
! Schedule Estimate
! Potential Risk
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Sample Project charter template

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Planning
Planning

is to guide execution
Deliverables includes
!A team contract (refer text book)
!A project scope statement
!A work breakdown structure (WBS) (refer text)
!A project schedule, in the form of a Gantt chart
with all dependencies and resources entered
!A list of prioritized risks (part of a risk register)
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 Quote
A dollar spent up front in planning is worth
a one hundred dollar spent after the system
is implemented
Research suggest an implementation based
on best practice companies spend at least
20% of project time in initiating and
planning
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The Scope Statement

Provides a way to define the scope boundary.

A narrative of what deliverables or work-products the
project team will and will not provide throughout the
project.
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Sample GanW Chart

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Example Work Breakdown Schedule

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Example of : List of Priori&zed Risks

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Project Execu&on

!Takes the most time and resources to perform

project execution
!Project managers must use their leadership skills
to handle the many challenges that occur during
project execution
!Deliverables : Progress report, milestone report
!Table 3-9 on pp. 106-107 lists the executing
processes and outputs; many project sponsors and
customers focus on deliverables related to
providing the products, services, or results desired
from the project
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Project Monitoring and Controlling

!Aects Involves measuring progress

toward project objectives, monitoring

deviation from the plan, and taking
correction actions
!all other process groups and occurs during
each phases of the project life cycle
!Outputs include performance reports,
requested changes, and updates to various
plans
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Project Closing

!Involves gaining stakeholder and customer

acceptance of the nal products and services

!Even if projects are not completed, they
should be closed out to learn from the past
!Outputs include project archives and lessons
learned, part of organizational process assets
!Most projects also include a nal report and
presentation to the sponsor/senior
management
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Templates

!Resources templates available on the

companion Web site

(www.course.com/mis/schwalbe5e)
!see the CD key attached

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Conclusion
!Understand the Project management

process group and how each of the

process groups relate to the
Knowledge areas
!Understand what is methodology and
its application in a project
!Know what are the deliverables at each
of the project process phase.
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