EXPERIMENT NO: 1

AIM: To perform the standard preliminary tests before commissioning of the 3-0 Induction
motor.
(1) To identify the terminals of a given 3-0 Induction motor as per convention of
IS - 325 and verify the same using multimeter.
(ii) Connect the motor in 'star' and 'delta'. Measure the resistance per phase in
each case.
(iii) Measure the speed and no load current in above each type of connections.

APPARATUS: 3-0 induction motor - (one)

Screw driver - (one)
Multimeter - (one)
Suitable ammeter, a voltmeter and a tacho-meter
440 V, 3-0 supply
PROCEDURE:
1 As per IS 325, winding terminals of motors are marked as A1-A2 (one
winding), B1-B2 (second winding) and C1-C2 (third winding) hence, check if
these markings are in terminal box of motor. Confirm the same checking
continuity of each winding by a multimeter See figure I and 11.
2. Check the polarity of each winding as shown in fig.
3. As per figure Ill, now connect the motor first in 'star.and apply rated 3-0
supply.
4. Observe the reading of the v meter and ammeter in the circuit.
5. Measure the speed.
7. Record all the above readings in the observation table.
8. Repeat all the star for 'delta' connection of windings.

POLARITY CHECKED AS FOLLOWS;

"Direct current" is passed through the primary. When this current is broken, a voltage is
Induced in the secondary. A centre zero moving' coil galvanometer is connected to the
Secondary the direction of deflection of the pointer confirms polarity.
It can also be confirmed while measuring CT errors.

A - M.C centre zero permanent magnet Ammeter

Battery - Low voltage 1.5 or 3.0 volts.

On closing PB the DC ammeter A should indicate a positive flick and on opening, a

negative flick. If it is reverse way, polarity of CT is reverse.
CONCLUSION:

EXPERIMENT: 2
AIM: Megger test on an Induction Motor and determination of no. of poles and full load
speed of the given unlabelled old 3-0 Induction motor without energizing or
connecting it across the supply.
APPARATUS:
1. Galvanometer (5-0-5 V) range (one)
2. Screw driver - (one)
3. Manual Megger (one)
THEORY & PROCEDURE:
DETERMINATION OF NO.OF POLES AND SPEED:
This method is useful in case there is no nameplate on body of an induction motor. The motor stator
and rotor being magnetic material can retain residual flux or magnetism If a galvanometer is
connected across the two terminals of one phase or phase to phase, and the shaft is rotated by hand
for 10 revolutions, the galvanometer will show corresponding no. of oscillations. These no of
oscillations depend upon the no of pair of pole of machine.
Say, the oscillations measured found to be 40.
No: of pairs of poles = no. of oscillations per revolution

= 40/10
=4
and thus, no. of poles = 8
Synchronous speed Ns = 120*50/8 = 750 rpm
Considering full load slip = 4 %,
Full load speed N= Ns(1 - 0.04) = 750*0.96 = 720 rpm

MEGGER TEST:
Before commissioning of the motor, megger test is to be carried out on the motor. Due
to the moisture or vapour, the insulation of the winding might have been deteriorated.
Without testing the insulation, if motor is energized, winding may get spark over and
burnt. Hence, the large motors are never started without its insulation test or megger
test, if motor has remained idle for long time.
In insulation test, the insulation between conductor of each phase and earth is checked
as well as the insulation between conductor of two phases is checked with the help of
megger.
Tabulate the readings taken in the observation table.
OBSERVATIONS FROM TEST 1:
No. of oscillations for 10 revolutions of rotor =
No. of oscillations per revolution of rotor

Synchronous speed Ns =
If slip S =
Actual speed N = Ns(1-s) =
CONCLUSION:

EXPERIMENT NO: 3
AIM: To carry out routine tests on a given contactor used in the 3-phase supply.
The routine tests for
Pick up Voltage
Release or drop out voltage
Time for making contacts
Time for releasing contacts
APPARATUS: 3-0 contactor - (one)
Ammeter (0 - 50 mA) AC
Voltmeter (0 - 300 V) AC
Time interval meter
Lamp bank load
THEORY:
A 3-0 contactor IS used In many switch gears and starters It is necessary to check
whether the contactor designed has met the desired specifications for its re liable
operation,
Some routine tests such as pick up voltage, release voltage or drop out voltage and
time for making contacts and dropping contact are to be measured,
All these specifications are to be fulfilled judiciously for reliable operating system,
protective system etc.

PROCEDURE:
PART A:
MEASUREMENT OF PICK UP AND DROP OUT VOLTAGE:1. Make the connections as shown in circuit diagram.
2. Vary the supply voltage smoothly till the contactor tends to become ON. Note down
and record the voltage.
3. Increase the voltage and now the contactor will be ON. If the voltage is decreased to

pick up voltage still the contactor will be ON., This voltage is known as Hold on
voltage. Record the value of voltage. This voltage is always less than pick- up
voltage.
4. Now decrease the supply voltage till the contactor become OFF and note down the
reading just before it is OFF. This is known as Release voltage. At this voltage
contactor circuit remains OFF.
5 Tabulate all above three readings.
PART B:
MEASUREMENT OF TIME FOR MAKING AND RELEASING CONTACT
1. Make the connections of the contactor's contacts and time interval meter as shown in
the diagram. (Circuit diagram 11).
2. Switch on the supply and note down the time shown by the meter. This is the time
taken for making the contacts or 'ON TIME'.
3. Now alter the connection as shown in diagram III and repeat the above procedure.
This is the time taken for releasing the contacts or 'OFF TIME'.
4. Tabulate the readings.
CONCLUSION:

EXPERIMENT NO:- 4
AIM: Determination of insulation strength of a given sample of transformer oil with
reference to IS 6792 - 1973 which conform to IS 335 - 1973.
APPARATUS:
-A complete oil testing kit (100 KV)
-A sample of oil
-A glass jar fitted with two requisite size of mashroom type brass spherical balls, the
gap between which is adjustable from 0 to 4 mm
-AC mains 250 V,50 Hz.
THEORY:
Transformer oil IS used in transformer and other equipment such as circuit breakers,
Switches, variable inductors etc. The oil primarily 'provides insulation between
Conducting path and body (earth) it also provides cooling effect to the equipment
As operation is continuous. The oil in machine may be subjected to excessive rise of
Temperature, moisture may get into oil due to damp operating condition or change in
climatic condition. Sludge or dirt may be formed into the oil due to sparking of
electrodes or contacts in event of short circuit. Thus the oil gets deteriorated due to
Various reasons discussed above.
Even oil in the drum subjected to moisture and dirt and thus the sample of drum oil is
also tested for its break down St. periodically a sample of oil of the machine IS
taken and tested for its break down strength If the break down strength is not
sufficient, the oil is taken 0 and sent for filtering or new oil is used. Where bulk oil
is used, the oil reused f r 3 to 4 times after filtering and checking its break down
Strength each tim ow a days with increased cost of oil, the unusable oil is
reclaimed (reconditioned) by special method (Fuler earth treatment) by which oil
almost regains its original properties. But as per user feedback for reconditioned oil,
ageing process becomes faster.
Thus oil used is ascertained by its break down strength and so testing of oil becomes
Important and should be carefully done.

PROCEDURE:
1. Study the circuit diagram of the oil-testing unit given to you. The glass cup should be
Cleaned with the oil to be tested. See that the equipment is properly earthed.
2 Fill up the cup with the oil to the desired level.
3 Switch the main switch 1 ON on the panel.
4 Press the operate push button (4).
5. The knob (6) at right hand side of the unit rotates counter clock wise and comes to
zero (zero start). The motor switch (toggle switch SW-5) to be at 'decrease' position
6. The 'operate' button will operate the stirrer system.'CHT' gets energized. Make motor
toggle switch OFF.
7. Put the motor toggle switch (5) in 'increase' position.
8. Knob (6) starts moving clockwise the voltmeter reads high voltage which rises at the
rate of 2 KV/sec. If the sarnp fails, it will trip HT (contactor CHT) by large leakage
current through break rela R) from T3 (CT).

9. The voltmeter (7) on pan will indicate the voltage at which the sample failed
Note: The High tension an not be made ON unless the output voltage of control
transformer eo s to zero.
MANUAL CONTROL:
By turning the knurled knob (6), the motor can be disengaged from control
Transformer and now this knurled knob manually controls the high voltage applied to
the sample
Note down the break down value.

CONCLUSION: