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Final Revision
Laws:
1- Qv =

=A V

m3/S

1
A

2- Vol = Qv t = A V t
3- Qm =

= Qv

Kg/S

Slope = AV = Qv

4- m = Qm t = Qv t = A V t
5- A1 V1 = A2 V2

OR

1
V

r12 V1 = r22 V2

Vol

A V = A1 V1 + A2 V2 + A3 V3
r2 V = r12 V1 + r22 V2 + r32 V3
A V = n A 1 V1

OR

r2 V = n r12 V1

6- F = vs

= Qv

Slope =

7- vs =

N.S/m2 OR Kg/m.S OR Pascal.S

t
= Qm

Slope =

8- P1Vol1 = P2Vol2
PVol = P1Vol1 + P2Vol2 + P3Vol3

9- v =
10-

11- p =
12-

13-

=
=

K-1
1
V

Slope = P1Vol1 = P2Vol2

K-1

Vo

=
t

-273
Slope =

= v Vo

=
Vol

Po

-273
T
Slope =

T
Slope =

01003903027-01148197538

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Slope =

= p Po

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Definitions:
-Hydrodynamics: deals with fluids in motion.
-Steady flow: The flow of a liquid with small velocity such that its layers slide over
each other smoothly in continuous paths (streamlines).

-Turbulent flow: The flow of a liquid when its velocity exceeds a certain limit in form of
vortices.

-Streamlines: The paths of the different particles of the liquid during its flow in a tube.
-Density of streamlines at a point: The number of streamlines crossing perpendicular on
unit area around that point.

-The volume rate of flow: The volume of the liquid flowing through a cross section of the
tube in unit time.

-The mass rate of flow: The mass of the liquid flowing through a cross section of the tube
in unit time.

-Continuity equation: The velocity of the liquid at any point in the tube is inversely
proportional to the cross section area of the tube at that point.

-Viscosity: The property which causes resistance (or friction) between the layers of the
liquids hindering the easy sliding of these layers as well as the motion of bodies through.

-The velocity gradient: The ratio between the velocity of a liquid layer and its
distant from the stationary layer.

-Coefficient of viscosity: The tangential force acting on unit area, to produce a unit
velocity difference between two layers, separated by unit distance apart.

-Brownian motion: Gas molecules are in continuous random motion.

-Volume expansion coefficient of a gas at constant pressure (v):
It is the increase in volume at constant pressure per unit volume at 0c for 1c rise in
temperature.

-Charles law: The volume of a given mass of gas, kept at constant pressure, expands by
1/273 of its value at 0oC per each degree rise in temperature. This value is the same for all
gases.

-Pressure expansion coefficient of a gas at constant volume ( p):

It is the increase in gas pressure at constant volume per unit pressure at 0C for each 1c rise
of temperature.

-Pressure law: The pressure of a given mass of any gas, kept at constant volume, expands
by 1/273 of its value at 0oC per each degree rise in temperature. This value is the same for
all gases.

-Absolute zero (Zero Kelvin): It is the temperature at which the volume and pressure of an
ideal gas disappear (vanishes theoretically).

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