Professional Documents
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Consequences
Environment
Destroys the natural beauty of the place
Affects surroundings and leads to other forms of pollution
Negative impact on the environment, human health and animals
Human Health
Waste dumps are breeding ground for pests such as flies, mosquitoes, rats and
cockroaches - Pests cause the spread of diseases such as malaria and dengue fever
Animals
Animals get poisoned
Measures
International level
Countries work together to find solutions for land pollution
National level
Public education and education in schools
Laws and regulations to ensure proper waste disposal
Recycling and reducing wastage
Individual level
Use own bags when we go shopping
Refrain from littering and dispose waste properly
Recycle, etc.
Water Pollution
The contamination of water which makes it unsuitable for drinking, washing and recreational
activities. Two types freshwater pollution and seawater pollution.
Causes
Consequences
Human Health
Water contamination health problems like diarrhoea, cholera and bilharzias
Food poisoning
Measures
International level
International agreements to protect rivers lakes and seas eg. the International
Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
National level
Laws and regulations to prosecute people and companies found guilty of polluting water
Ensure that adequate sewerage systems are in place
Recycle sewage
Individual level
Reduce waste
Participate in projects to clean up waterways and beaches
Air Pollution
The accumulation of harmful substances in the atmosphere caused by the release of pollutants
such as smoke, gases and dust into the air.
Causes
Forest fires
Caused either by accident or by plantation operators who clears the land
Consequences
Reduced visibility
Human Health
Causes respiratory illnesses such as asthma and bronchitis, and other problems like eye
Global Warming
Harmful gases trap heat in the atmosphere
Measures
International level
Co-operation among countries to ensure a reduction in the emission of pollutants
National level
Laws and regulations to reduce air pollution, egs. catalytic converters for petrol-driven
cars, installation of pollution-control devices for factories and power plants
Public education
Building alternative forms of transport that do not release harmful gases
Individual level
Use public transport, or cycle or walk
Conserve electricity
Advise friends to keep air clean, like quit smoking
Noise Pollution
When a noise irritates and harms people
Causes
Construction noise
Piling of foundations, cutting of iron bars and steel plates, knocking and drilling of
concrete and the operation of heavy equipment
Consequences
Human Health
Exposure to excessive noise can result in headaches, poor concentration, fatigue from
International level
Establishment of a standard Noise Control Ordinance which spells out the measures to
take to reduce and control noise levels in countries
National level
Laws and regulations to control noise pollution
Careful planning of streets and buildings
Building anti-noise barriers and noise-absorbing structures in places where the noise
level is high
Individual level
Use public transport, or cycle or walk
Limit and avoid the use of noisy appliances and tools, especially at night
Turn down the volume of sound when watching television or listening to music
Global Warming
Greenhouse gases are so called because they act like the glass panels of a greenhouse, trapping
solar energy and keeping Earth warm. They include gases like carbon dioxide, methane, water
vapour, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
Causes