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MAX6397/MAX6398
General Description
The MAX6397/MAX6398 are small, high-voltage overvoltage protection circuits. These devices disconnect
the output load or limit the output voltage during an
input overvoltage condition. These devices are ideal for
applications that must survive high-voltage transients
such as those found in industrial applications.
The MAX6397/MAX6398 monitor the input or output
voltages and control an external n-channel MOSFET to
isolate or limit the load from overvoltage transient energy.
When the monitored input voltage is below the useradjustable overvoltage threshold, the external n-channel
MOSFET is turned on by the GATE output. In this mode,
the internal charge pump fully enhances the n-channel
MOSFET with a 10V gate-to-source voltage.
When the input voltage exceeds the overvoltage threshold,
the protection can disconnect the load from the input by
quickly forcing the GATE output low. In some applications,
disconnecting the output from the load is not desirable. In
these cases, the protection circuit can be configured to
act as a voltage limiter where the GATE output sawtooths
to limit the voltage to the load.
The MAX6397 also offers an always-on linear regulator
that is capable of delivering up to 100mA of output current.
This high-voltage linear regulator consumes only 37A of
quiescent current.
The regulator is offered with output options of 5V, 3.3V,
2.5V, or 1.8V. An open-drain, power-good output (POK)
asserts when the regulator output falls below 92.5% or
87.5% of its nominal voltage.
The MAX6397/MAX6398 include internal thermalshutdown protection, disabling the external MOSFET
and linear regulator if the chip reaches overtemperature
conditions. The devices operate over a wide 5.5V to
72V supply voltage range, are available in small TDFN
packages, and are fully specified from -40C to +125C.
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP RANGE
MAX6397_ATA-T*
-40C to +125C
PIN-PACKAGE
8 TDFN-EP**
MAX6398ATT-T*
-40C to +125C
6 TDFN-EP**
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
REG
*EP
MAX6397
Applications
Industrial
FireWire
Notebook Computers
Wall Cube Power Devices
1
IN
SHDN SET
4
POK
TDFN
MAX6397/MAX6398
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Electrical Characteristics
(VIN = 14V; CGATE = 6000pF, CREG = 4.7F, TA = TJ = -40C to +125C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = TJ = +25C.)
(Note 1)
PARAMETER
Supply Voltage Range
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
TYP
MAX
UNITS
72
118
140
104
130
37
45
VIN
MIN
5.5
IN Undervoltage-Lockout
Hysteresis
SET Threshold Voltage
SET Threshold Hysteresis
SET Input Current
Startup Response Time
VOH
VOL
IGATE
1.215
1.248
ms
VIN +
3.8V
VIN +
4.2V
VIN +
4.6V
VIN +
8.5V
VIN +
9.2V
VIN +
11.5V
0.38
75
VCLMP
13
VIH
1.4
VIL
nA
100
GATE = GND
V
%
0.75
V
mV
+50
V
V
A
18
0.4
VSHDN = 2V, SHDN is internally pulled
down to GND
5.50
-50
GATE rising from GND to VOUT + 8V,
CGATE = 6000pF, OUT = GND
tOV
20
ISET
tSTART
11
175
1.181
VHYST
4.66
+150
20
REGULATOR (MAX6397)
Ground Current
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IGND
SHDN = GND
IREG = 1mA
IREG = 100mA
40
60
48
Maxim Integrated 2
MAX6397/MAX6398
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MAX6397L/M
MAX6397S/T
VREG
MAX6397Y/Z
MAX6397V/W
VDO
Current Limit
VOVP
Overvoltage-Protection Sink
Current
IOVP
Load Regulation
VREG/
VREG
MAX
5.120
4.85
IREG = 1mA
3.243
3.201
IREG = 1mA
2.246
2.41
IREG = 1mA
1.76
1.715
tSTART
VPOK_TH
VOL
3.36
3. 36
2.5
2.542
2.55
1.8
1.837
1.837
0.12
mV/V
1.2
150
300
mA
105
% of
VREG
15
mA
0.22
0.05
mV/mA
0.8
mV/mA
1.5
55
dB
180
4.500
4.67
4.780
4.230
4.375
4.500
2.966
3.053
3.140
2.805
2.892
2.970
2.250
2.304
2.375
2.125
2.188
2.250
1.590
1.653
1.696
1.524
1.575
1.625
UNITS
5.15
3.3
REG-to-POK Delay
POK Output Low Voltage
TYP
VREG /
1mA IREG 100mA, VREG = 5V
IREG
MIN
4.925
VIN = 14V
Overvoltage-Protection
Threshold
IREG = 1mA
35
VPOK = 5V
100
nA
0.3
Note 1: Specifications to TA = -40C are guaranteed by design and not production tested.
Note 2: The MAX6397/MAX6398 power up with the external FET in off mode (VGATE = GND). The external FET turns on tSTART
after the device is powered up and all input conditions are valid.
Note 3: For accurate overtemperature-shutdown performance, place the device in close thermal contact with the external MOSFET.
Note 4: Dropout voltage is defined as VIN - VREG when VREG is 2% below the value of VREG for VIN = VREG (nominal) + 2V.
Note 5: Operations beyond the thermal dissipation limit may permanently damage the device.
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Maxim Integrated 3
MAX6397/MAX6398
100
80
20
30
130
120
VIN = 14V
110
40
50
60
70
80
-50
-25
25
50
75
100
40
125
20
40
60
80
35
30
20
25
50
75
100
125
10
20
30
50
40
60
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
UVLO THRESHOLD
vs. TEMPERATURE
70
5.8
5.6
VUVLO (V)
5.2
5.0
4.8
4.6
10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
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25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (C)
60
80
100
125
1.224
1.220
1.216
1.212
1.204
40
1.228
1.208
-25
20
1.232
4.2
-50
1.236
4.4
4.0
MAX6397 toc06
1.240
MAX6397 toc08
MAX6397 toc07
80
5.4
10
6.0
12
VOUT = VIN
14
TEMPERATURE (C)
10
16
MAX6397 toc09
80
MAX6398
GATE OFF
18
SUPPLY CURRENT (A)
40
25
REGULATOR ON
GATE OFF
45
20
MAX6397 toc05
50
90
MAX6397 toc03
50
VIN = 14V
60
100
70
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
110
12
80
VIN = 72V
-25
90
TEMPERATURE (C)
MAX6398
GATE ON
-50
100
120
VIN = 72V
140
80
10
MAX6397-98 toc04
130
SUPPLY CURRENT (A)
150
90
140
160
MAX6398
GATE ON
110
100
60
40
120
120
MAX6397
170
MAX6397
GATE ON
140
180
MAX6397 toc01
160
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. INPUT VOLTAGE
1.200
-50
-25
25
50
75
100
125
TEMPERATURE (C)
Maxim Integrated 4
MAX6397/MAX6398
16.7
16.6
16.5
16.4
16.3
1.6
1.4
1.0
0.8
0.4
16.1
0.2
-50
-25
25
50
75
100
125
TA = +25C
0.6
16.2
16.0
TA = +125C
1.2
20
40
TA = +25C
TA = +125C
4.4
THERMAL
SHUTDOWN
4.2
4.0
ILOAD = 100mA
10.495
10.490
CREG = 10F
IREG = 10mA
-10
-20
10.485
10.480
10.475
10.470
10.465
-30
-40
-50
10.460
10.450
MAX6397 toc14
10.500
-60
10.455
0
ILOAD = 50mA
5.00
4.90
PSRR (dB)
4.8
4.6
ILOAD = 10mA
5.05
GATE-DRIVE VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX6397 toc13
5.0
5.10
60
MAX6397L
5.15
4.95
TA = -40C
TEMPERATURE (C)
5.2
5.20
MAX6397 toc12
16.8
MAX6397L
1.8
MAX6397 toc15
16.9
2.0
MAX6397 toc10
17.0
DROPOUT VOLTAGE
vs. REG LOAD CURRENT
MAX6397-98 toc11
-50
-25
25
50
75
100
125
-70
10
TEMPERATURE (C)
STARTUP WAVEFORM
(RLOAD = 100, CIN = 10F, COUT = 10F)
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
10M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX6397 toc16
RLOAD = 100
VIN
10V/div
VSHDN
2V/div
VGATE
10V/div
VGATE
10V/div
VOUT
10V/div
VOUT
10V/div
IOUT
200mA/div
IOUT
200mA/div
4ms/div
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400s/div
Maxim Integrated 5
MAX6397/MAX6398
MAX6397 toc18
VOV = 30V
MAX6397 toc19
VOV = 30V
VIN
20V/div
VIN
20V/div
VGATE
20V/div
VGATE
20V/div
VOUT
20V/div
VOUT
20V/div
VREG
5V/div
VREG
5V/div
200s/div
1ms/div
TRANSIENT RESPONSE
MAX6397 toc20
MAX6397 toc21
CREG = 10F
IREG = 10mA
CREG = 10F
VREG
AC-COUPLED
500mV/div
VIN
10V/div
IREG
100mA/div
VREG
100mV/div
400s/div
1ms/div
MAX6397 toc22
MAX6397 toc23
IREG = 10mA
VREG
2V/div
VIN
10V/div
VREG
2V/div
VPOK
2V/div
1ms/div
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0V
VPOK
2V/div
0V
0A
IREG = 0
IREG
200mA/div
100s/div
Maxim Integrated 6
MAX6397/MAX6398
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
MAX6397
MAX6398
IN
SHDN
Shutdown Input. Drive SHDN low to force GATE low, turning off the external n-channel
MOSFET. REG remains active when in shutdown mode. SHDN is internally pulled down
to GND with a 1A source. Connect to IN for normal operation.
SET
Overvoltage-Threshold-Adjustment Input. Connect SET to an external resistor voltagedivider network to OUT (overvoltage limiter) or IN (overvoltage switch) to adjust the
desired overvoltage-limit threshold. Use SET to monitor a system input or output voltage.
POK
Open-Drain Output. POK remains low until REG exceeds 92.5% or 87.5% of REG
nominal output voltage. Connect to an external pullup resistor.
GND
Ground
GATE
OUT
REG
Regulator Output. Fixed 5.0V, 3.3V, 2.5V, or 1.8V output. REG sources up to 100mA.
Bypass with a minimum 4.7F capacitor to GND.
EP
Detailed Description
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Maxim Integrated 7
MAX6397/MAX6398
IN
THERMAL
PROTECTION
UVLO
10V
CHARGE
PUMP
5V
GATE Voltage
GATE
SET
OUT
1.23V
SHDN
LINEAR
REGULATOR
MAX6397
MAX6398
REG
POK
VPOK_TH
GND
MAX6397 ONLY
The MAX6397/MAX6398 include internal thermalshutdown protection, disabling the external MOSFET and
linear regulator if the chip reaches overtemperature conditions.
VIN
10V/div
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VGATE
10V/div
VOUT
10V/div
10ms/div
Maxim Integrated 8
MAX6397/MAX6398
VIN
10V/div
VGATE
10V/div
VBATT
GATE
IN
OUT
MAX6397
MAX6398
R1
SET
VOUT
10V/div
R2
GND
4ms/div
Overvoltage Monitoring
When operating in overvoltage mode, the MAX6397/
MAX6398 feedback path (Figure 3) consists of IN, SETs
internal comparator, the internal gate charge pump, and
the external n-channel MOSFET resulting in a switch-on/
off function. When the programmed overvoltage threshold
is tripped, the internal fast comparator turns off the external
MOSFET, pulling GATE to OUT within tOV and disconnecting the power source from the load. When IN decreases
below the adjusted overvoltage threshold, the MAX6397/
Overvoltage Limiter
COUT
VBATT
IN
GATE
OUT
MAX6397
MAX6398
R1
SET
GND
R2
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Maxim Integrated 9
MAX6397/MAX6398
IN
IN
GATE
IN
OUT
MAX6397
MAX6398
R1
IN
GND
OUT
MAX6397
MAX6398
R1
SET
GATE
SET
R2
R2
GND
Applications Information
Setting Overvoltage Thresholds
R TOTAL
VOV
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Maxim Integrated 10
MAX6397/MAX6398
Q1
IN
VBATT
IN
GATE
LOAD
MAX6397
MAX6398
VBATT
LOAD
MAX6397
MAX6398
OUT
OUT
GND
(a)
GATE
GND
(b)
Reverse-Battery Protection
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Maxim Integrated 11
MAX6397/MAX6398
VBATT
1k
IN
GATE
CGATE
VBATT
COUT
IN
LOAD
MAX6397
MAX6398
60V
TVS
OUT
GND
GATE
LOAD
MAX6397
MAX6398
OUT
GND
Inrush/Slew-Rate Control
C OUT
I GATE + ILOAD
C GATE
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MOSFET Selection
Select external MOSFETs according to the application
current level. The MOSFETs on-resistance (RDS(ON))
should be chosen low enough to have minimum voltage
drop at full load to limit the MOSFET power dissipation.
Determine the device power rating to accommodate
an overvoltage fault when operating the MAX6397/
MAX6398 in overvoltage-limit mode.
Maxim Integrated 12
MAX6397/MAX6398
VMAX
VOV
+ VQ1 -
VBATT
VBATT
GATE
t2
ILOAD
IN
60V
TVS
GATE
OUT
LOAD
MAX6397
MAX6398
t1
OUT
t3
tOVP
SET
GND
Thermal Shutdown
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Thermal Shutdown
Overvoltage Limiter Mode
When operating the devices in overvoltage-limit mode
for a prolonged period of time, a thermal shutdown is
possible due to device self-heating. The thermal
shutdown is dependent on a number of different factors:
The devices ambient temperature (TA)
The output capacitor (COUT)
The output load current (IOUT)
The overvoltage-threshold limit (VOV)
The overvoltage-waveform period (tOVP)
The power dissipated across the package (PDISS)
When OUT exceeds the adjusted overvoltage threshold,
an internal GATE pulldown current is enabled until OUT
drops by 5%. The capacitance at OUT is discharged by
the internal current sink and the external OUT load current. The discharge time (t1) is approximately:
t1 =
C OUT
VOV 0.05
I OUT + I GATEPD
Maxim Integrated 13
MAX6397/MAX6398
180
IOUT = 0
TA = +125C
170
THERMAL SHUTDOWN
CGATE = 0
160
Q GD
VGS_QGD
VOUT
I GATE
150
CGATE = 10nF
140
CGATE = InF
130
CGATE = ADDITIONAL
CAPACITANCE FROM GATE TO GND
120
1
10
100
1000
VGS(TH) + VF
I GATE
t2
C OUT
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tOVP = t1 + t2 + t3
The MAX6397/MAX6398 dissipate the most power during
an overvoltage event when IOUT = 0 (COUT is discharged
only by the internal current sink). The maximum power
dissipation can be approximated using the following
equation:
PDISS =VOV 0.975 I GATEPD
t1
t OVP
Maxim Integrated 14
MAX6397/MAX6398
DERATE 18.2mW/C
ABOVE +70C
1.4
PD (W)
1.455W
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
20
40
60
80
TEMPERATURE (C)
PDISS
100mA
VIN VREG
OUT
GND
GATE
12V IN
IN
REG
VCC
RESET
OUT
MAX6397
POK
SET
SHDN
GND
GPIO
ALWAYS-ON
C
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Maxim Integrated 15
MAX6397/MAX6398
DC-DC
CONVERTER
DC-DC
CONVERTER
COUT
VBATT
GATE
IN
VBATT
OUT
MAX6397
MAX6398
REG
R1
GATE
IN
SET
R2
R2
GATE
GND
*EP
MAX6398
IN
SHDN
SET
REG
GND
Selector Guide
PART
OUT
OUT
MAX6397
MAX6398
R1
SET
GND
TOP VIEW
COUT
MAX6397LATA
5.0
92.5
ANN
MAX6397MATA
5.0
87.5
ANO
MAX6397SATA
3.3
87.5
ANQ
MAX6397TATA
3.3
92.5
ANP
MAX6397YATA
2.5
87.5
ANK
MAX6397ZATA
2.5
92.5
ANJ
MAX6397VATA
1.8
87.5
ANM
MAX6397WATA
1.8
92.5
ANL
MAX6398ATT
AJD
TDFN
*EXPOSED PAD. CONNECT TO GND.
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Maxim Integrated 16
MAX6397/MAX6398
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
www.maximintegrated.com
PACKAGE
CODE
OUTLINE
NO.
LAND PATTERN
NO.
6 TDFN
T633+2
21-0137
90-0059
8 TDFN
T833+2
21-0137
90-0058
Maxim Integrated 17
MAX6397/MAX6398
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
PAGES
CHANGED
5/05
Initial release
1/07
3/07
1, 3, 18
1/09
7/14
DESCRIPTION
1, 14, 15, 17
1, 7, 1015
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrateds website at www.maximintegrated.com.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.