Cotton Fibre Characteristics

SCI

Min. 130

Length

Min. 1.06

Micronaire

3.9 -4.45

Strength

Min 28 GPT

Uniformity

Min 82

Maturity

0.92 1

SFI

Less than 8

Moisture

7-8

Trash Grade

3 4 points
(Trash Cnt + Trash Areas)

Elongation

Depends on the type of yarn

These cotton parameters are suitable for A-Grade yarn for all
counts.

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Impact of Cotton Parameters on

Yarn Quality
Spinning Consistency Index (SCI)
The spinning Consistency Index is a calculation for predicting the
spinnability of the fibres.
The Value for the SCI value is:
)+4.74Uniformity+0.65Rd+0.36(+b)
SCI =414.67+ 2.9 strength9.32 Micronaire+ 49.17 Length

Fibre Length (Len):

The fibre length influences:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Spinning limit
Yarn strength
Yarn hairiness
Process productivity
Yarn lustre
Yarn evenness

Productivity is influenced via the end-breakage rate, the quantity of waste

and the required turn of twist (T.P.I/T.M)

Micronaire (Mic):
It is a measure of cotton fineness. The fineness determines how many
fibres are present in the cross-section of a yarn of given thickness.
Additional fibres in the cross-section provide not only the additional
strength but also a better distribution in the yarn. Fibre maturity also has
an influence on micronaire value.
Fibre fineness influences primarily:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Spinning Limit
Yarn Strength
Yarn evenness
Yarn Lustre
Productivity of the process

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Fibre Maturity (Mat):

The cotton fibre consists of cell wall and lumen. The maturity index is
dependent upon the thickness of this cell wall. The cotton fibre is
considered as ripe when the cell wall of the moisture-swollen fibre
represents 50-80% of the round cross-section, as unripe when it
represents 30-45% and as dead when it represents less than 25%. Unripe
fibres have neither adequate strength nor adequate longitudinal stiffness.
They therefore lead to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Loss of yarn strength

A high proportion of short fibres and increases the invisible loss.
Varying dyeability
Processing difficulties, mainly at Card machines
Causes nepps generation

Short Fibre Index (SFI):

The proportion of short fibre has an extremely influence on the following
parameters:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Spinning limit
Yarn strength
Yarn hairiness
Process productivity
Yarn lustre
Yarn evenness
Strong fly contamination
Strain on personnel, machine and workroom and on the air
conditioning

Fibre Strength (Str):

Strength of cotton fibres increases with increasing moisture content. The
higher the strength of cotton fibre, higher will be the CLSP of cotton yarn
and lower end breakage rate.
Elongation:
Higher elongation is needed in the production of sportswear and stretch
products. For weaving cotton yarns, higher elongations are neither
necessary nor desirable. Elongation should be around 7% for Pak cotton.
+B and Rd:

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+B is defined as the degree of yellowness. Rd is defined as degree of

whiteness. They both can influence the shade variations in yarn package
and dyeability.
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