Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Section 3:

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

14

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

15

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

General Rules
Like any discipline, Geometric Dimensioning
and Tolerancing (G.D.&T.) is based on
certain fundamental rules.
Some rules follow from standard interpretation of
the various characteristics.
Some rules govern specification.
Some are general rules applying across the
entire system.

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

16

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Individual Features of Size
Rule 1 -- Limits of Size Rule
Individual Feature of Size
Variations of Size
Variations of Form
(Envelope Principle)

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

17

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Rule 1 -- Limits of Size

Rule (continued)

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

18

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

When Perfect Form at MMC (Rule 1) does
not apply
Perfect Form at MMC not required (Rule 1
Removed)
Relationship between
Individual Features

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

19

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Relationship between Individual Features
If it is necessary to establish a boundary of
perfect form at MMC to control the
relationship between features, the following
methods are used:
Specify a zero tolerance of orientation at MMC,
including a datum reference (at MMC if
applicable), to control perpendicularity,
parallelism, or angularity of the feature.
Specify a zero positional tolerance at MMC,
including datum references (at MMC if
applicable), to control locational, coaxial, or
symmetrical features.
9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

20

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Relationship between Individual Features
Methods (continued):
Relate the dimensions to a datum
reference frame.
Indicate this control for the features
involved by a note such as Perfect
Orientation (or Coaxiality or Symmetry) at
MMC required for related features.

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

21

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Rule 2 -- Position Tolerance Rule
For a tolerance of position, M , S , or L must
be specified on the drawing with respect to the
individual tolerance, datum reference, or both,
as applicable.

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

22

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Former Alternate Practice 2*

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

23

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Rule 3 -- Other Than Position Tolerance Rule
For all applicable geometric tolerances, other
than position tolerance, RFS applies with respect
to the individual tolerance, datum reference, or
both, where no modifying symbol is specified.

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

24

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Pitch Diameter Rule*

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

25

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Applicability of General Rules

Datum / Virtual Condition Rule*
Depending on whether it is used as a primary,
secondary, or tertiary datum, a virtual condition
exists for a datum feature of size where its axis
or center plane is controlled by a geometric
tolerance.
In such a case, the datum feature applies at its
virtual condition even though it is referenced in a
feature control frame at MMC.

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

26

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Position

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

27

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Position (continued)

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

28

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Virtual Condition
Definition:
A derived size generated from the collective
effect of all profile variations permitted by the
specified tolerances. It represents the most
extreme condition of assembly at MMC.
The effective size of the profile that must be
considered in determining the clearance
between mating parts or features.

9221 ig3a.ppt

Size + orientation or position error = shaft virtual condition

Size - orientation or position error = hole virtual condition

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

29

Blue Print / G.D.&T.

General Rules

Virtual Condition

9221 ig3a.ppt

1999 Delphi Saginaw Steering Systems

Rev 19-Aug-99

30