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ZnSO4
Solubility Ta
Soluble Salts
Insoluble Salts
All Sodium
All Potassium
All Ammonium
All Nitrates
All Chlorides
except
Lead(II)
Silver
except
Barium
Calcium
Lead
All Sulfates
Potassium
Sodium
Ammonium
except
All Carbonates
Potassium
Sodium
Ammonium
except
Yes
Reaction with acids
Acid + metal
Acid + base
Acid + carbonate
Yes
No
3) Precipitation
Titration method
Acid + alkali solution
Acid + carbonate solution
Salt solution
No
1.
2.
3.
Concentrating
Crystallizing
Filtering
Salt crystals
(dry with filter paper)
Precipitation
Aqueous solutions of two suitable soluble
salts are mixed.
Eg. Prepare lead(II) sulfate
Pb2+
comes from
soluble lead(II) salt
PbSO4
Making PbSO4
Preparation, Separation and Purification
Yes
Reaction with acids
Acid + metal
Acid + base
Acid + carbonate
Yes
No
3) Precipitation
Titration method
Acid + alkali solution
Acid + carbonate solution
No
Salt solution
Crystallizing
Filtering
Salt crystals
(dry with filter paper)
Reason:
This ensures that all the
acid is used up.
The reaction is complete.
2. The substance
(MCB) must also be
insoluble in water.
Reason:
This allows the excess
(unreacted) substance
to be filtered from the
salt solution produced.
ZnSO4
Making ZnSO4
To ensure that the sulfuric acid
is completely used up (Why?)
Salts
combine
with water
molecules
to form
crystals
To ensure that
the unreacted
zinc does not
contaminate the
salt formed
Making ZnSO4
Preparation, Separation and Purification
Making ZnSO4
Preparation, Separation and Purification
Magnesium*
Aluminium* This method is suitable for moderately
reactive metals such as magnesium,
Zinc*
Iron
aluminium, zinc, iron and lead.
Lead
Copper
Silver
Yes
Reaction with acids
Acid + metal
Acid + base
Acid + carbonate
Yes
No
3) Precipitation
Titration method
Acid + alkali solution
Acid + carbonate solution
No
Salt solution
Crystallizing
Filtering
Salt crystals
(dry with filter paper)
CuSO
Making CuSO4
To ensure that the
sulfuric acid is
completely used up
(Why?)
By heating to dryness,
CuSO4 will lose its
water of crystallisation.
Think!
In the making of copper(II) sulfate, why is
copper not used to react with sulfuric acid?
Yes
Reaction with acids
Acid + metal
Acid + base
Acid + carbonate
Yes
No
3) Precipitation
Titration method
Acid + alkali solution
Acid + carbonate solution
No
Salt solution
Crystallizing
Filtering
Salt crystals
(dry with filter paper)
Think!
In the preparation of soluble salt, what
happens if the solid reactant is soluble
in water?
How can we tell if the acid has completely
neutralised?
We use the method TITRATION!
Use of indicator help identify that the acid has
been completely used up.
Titration
Suitable for preparing sodium, potassium,
ammonium salts. (Why?)
Find your end point with the help of a
suitable indicator then repeat experiment
without indicator to get a pure salt sample.