Effective slip

Propeller Coefficient ( J, KT and KQ)

ft/s,)

J = VA/(n x d)
Where:
J = advance number of propeller
n = rate of revolution (rev/min, rev/sec)
d = diameter (meter, feet)
VA = propellers speed of advance (m/s,
2

KT = T/( x n x d )
Where:
KT = thrust coefficient
T = thrust force (N)
= kg/m3
Q = PD/(2 x n)
Where:
Q = propeller torque (N-m, KN-m)
PD = Delivered power ( N-m/s, KN-m/s)
n= rev/s
KQ = Q/(p x n2 x d6)
Where:
KQ = torque coefficient

SE =

Effective pitch x nVA

Effective Pitch x n

Blade Area Ratio

BAR =

Develop Area per blade

Disc Area

Pitch (p) Axial advance per revolution

Pitch ratio, a =

p
D

Analysis pitch ratio = pitch analysis/diameter

a = pa / D
Pitch factor = pitch analysis/propeller pitch
pf = pa / p
Wake Speed (Vw)
Single screw
(0.5 CB 0.05) Vs

Propeller Efficiency

O=PT/PD=(T x VA)/(Q x 2 x n)
=(KT/KQ)x(J/2)

Slip defined as the difference between the

distance which a screw would advance
during one revolution if working in a solid
medium and the distance it actually
advances in a given medium.

Slip =p -

pnV
pn

Where: V = speed of the ship

The real slip ratio

SR =

(0.5 CB 0.2) Vs

Thrust Power
Is the product of the thrust delivered to the
propeller at the thrust block and the speed of
the water in way of the propeller.
Pt = T x VA
Delivered Power
The power delivered to propeller at the end
of the shaft after due allowance has been
made for all losses.

V
n

The apparent slip ratio

SA =

Twin Screw

pnVA
pn

Pd = Pt + Propeller losses
Relationship between powers
Pb = Pi friction losses in engine parts
Ps = Pb friction lossess in gears and engine
bearings
Pd = Ps friction losses in shaft bearings aft
of torsion-meters
Pt = Pd propeller losses
Pe = Pt hull losses

wake fraction was estimated at 0.43.

Estimate the wake speed.
Ans. 4.83 knots

1. A three bladed propeller has a

diameter of 8 ft. Determine the blade
area ratio, face pitch ratio, analysis
pitch ratio if the propeller has the
following: face pitch 9.5 ft., Developed
area per blade 13 sq.ft., pitch factor
1.05

4. A ships propeller has a pitch of 4.76

m and revolves at 107 rpm, Calculate
the theoretical speed Vt in knots.
Ans. Vt = 16.5 knots

Ans. 0.776, 9.975, 1.247

2. Using the following particulars,

determine the true slip of the
propeller,
D = 8ft, a=1.2, pf = 1.04, VA = 19.5
knots, n = 250rpm

5. A propeller revolves at 120 rpm. It has

a pitch of 4.5m. Ship speed is 15.5
knots. Block coefficient is 0.726.
Calculate the Vt, Va, Apparent Slip
ratio, Real slip ratio and wake speed.

Ans. 0.209
Ans. 17.496 knots, 10.65 knots,
0.114, 0.3913, 4.8515

3. A single screw ship having a block

coefficient of 0.7 was found to have a
speed on trial of 16.06 knots. Froude

6. A container ship has a displacement

off 16 000 tonnes, a speed of 22 knots
and a shaft power of 13 500 KW. Using

the formula for fast ships, calculate

the AC value.
Ans. 11 018

9. The fuel coefficient of a ship of 14 000

tonnes displacement is 75 000.
Calculate the fuel consumption per
day if the vessel travels at a speed of
12.5 knots.
7. A propeller of 5.5 diameter has a
pitch ratio of 0.8. When turning at 120
rpm, Taylors wake fraction is found to
be 0.32 and the real slip 35%.
Calculate the ships speed, speed of
advance , and apparent slip.

Ans. 15.12 tonnes per day

Ans. 16.355, 11.1215, 0.044

10.A ship uses 20tonnes of fuel per day at

13 knots. Calculate the daily
consumption at 11 knots. Assume
constant displacement and fuel
coefficient.
Ans. 12.11 tonnes per day
8. A propeller 4.6m diameter has a pitch
of 4.3 meter and boss diameter of
0.75m. The real slip is 28% at 95 rpm.
Calculate the speed of advance, thrust
and thrust power.
Ans. 9.53, 215.21, 1055