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Carl Jung disagreed with Freuds theory in 3 ways: Psychic energy, structure of

personality, repression. They both believe there is an energy that motivates our
behaviour but Freud believes its sexual energy (libido) whereas Yung believes its
psychic energy. Freud proposed the structure of personality as ID, Ego, Superego
unlike Jung who proposed the Structure of personality as Consciousness, Personal
consciousness, Collective unconscious. Freud claimed Repression plays a role in
Neurosis whereas; Jung disagrees with Freud focus on the past and values the
importance of past present and future goals However, Jung believes that
Consciousness is what we are aware of like Freud. Nevertheless, Yung believes we
experience the world in 4 different ways: Sensing, Intuition, Feeling and Thinking. A
persons level of Extroversion & Introversion may dominate how they experience the
world. The Personal Unconscious is similar to Freuds explanation because Jung said
it contains forgotten/ repressed memories which are expressed through dreams. In
conclusion Jung claims live your life according to your dreams however, many people
experience lust in their dreams which could cause many people to be arrested for rape
so Jungs conclusion lacks ecological validity because realistically you couldnt live
your life according to your dreams. The collective unconscious is completely different
to Freud because according to Jung it is made up of ancestral and racial memories
which are know as Archetypes. These tend to be passed down through generations for
example as religions are passed down to family. These can be used to help to explain
moral development for example Fables are passed through generations.
Jung believes the Self is made of 2 dimensions: Male & Female components, ego and
shadow, good and bad, conscious and unconscious
Erik Erikson extended and elaborated on Freuds theory by proposing that personality
develops through a persons life span. From birth to adulthood whereas, Freud
proposed it develops in childhood when a child goes through the psychosexual stages
Furthermore, Freud proposed 5 stages calling his stages psychosexual stages because
he focused on the sexual development whereas Erikson proposed 8 stages calling his
psychosocial stages because he focused on family & culture. Also, Erikson placed
more emphasis on ego development than Freud did. He saw the ego as being capable
of reacting independently of instinctual drives and internal conflicts with the ID and
Ego. Given an adequate environment the ego could achieve satisfactory balance
between inner forces and social influences..
Erikson sees each stage as marked by crisis or struggle which the individual must
confront and attempt to resolve. At any given point in development, personality is the
product of the way these crises have been resolved. The level of success with which
each crisis is managed will determine that individuals psychological well-being at a
particular time. The person who is unable to deal satisfactorily with a crisis will
continue to experience problems in later stages and thus development will be
impaired. Like Freud, Erikson believed that the major determining factor governing
satisfactory progress through the early stages was the kind of care given by parents.
Erikson believed that the psychosocial stages are pan-cultural that is, applicable
universally to individuals in different cultures - the conflicts are the same though each
culture will have its own way of dealing with them.
Overall, The Post-Freudians are more popular and widely accepted than Freud because
they have more validity because the theory is testable and it avoids sexual issues.

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